Table of Contents
55 relations: Adenosine, Bacteria, Base pair, Binding site, Biochemistry, C-terminus, Complementarity (molecular biology), Deoxyribose, DNA, DNA ligase, DNA sequencing, Exonuclease, Five prime untranslated region, Five-prime cap, Furanose, Gene, Hydroxy group, In vivo, Kozak consensus sequence, Messenger RNA, Methionine, Methylation, Mitochondrion, Molecular biology, Molecular cloning, N-Formylmethionine, N-terminus, Nucleic acid, Nucleic acid double helix, Nucleoside triphosphate, Nucleotide, Pentose, Phosphatase, Phosphate, Phosphodiester bond, Plasmid, Plastid, Polyadenylation, Polymerase, Promoter (genetics), Protein, Ribose, Ribosome, Ribosome-binding site, RNA, Sanger sequencing, Sense (molecular biology), Start codon, Stop codon, Three prime untranslated region, ... Expand index (5 more) »
Adenosine
Adenosine (symbol A) is an organic compound that occurs widely in nature in the form of diverse derivatives.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Adenosine
Bacteria
Bacteria (bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Bacteria
Base pair
A base pair (bp) is a fundamental unit of double-stranded nucleic acids consisting of two nucleobases bound to each other by hydrogen bonds. Directionality (molecular biology) and base pair are molecular genetics.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Base pair
Binding site
In biochemistry and molecular biology, a binding site is a region on a macromolecule such as a protein that binds to another molecule with specificity.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Binding site
Biochemistry
Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Biochemistry
C-terminus
The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus, carboxy-terminus, C-terminal tail, carboxy tail, C-terminal end, or COOH-terminus) is the end of an amino acid chain (protein or polypeptide), terminated by a free carboxyl group (-COOH).
See Directionality (molecular biology) and C-terminus
Complementarity (molecular biology)
In molecular biology, complementarity describes a relationship between two structures each following the lock-and-key principle.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Complementarity (molecular biology)
Deoxyribose
Deoxyribose, or more precisely 2-deoxyribose, is a monosaccharide with idealized formula H−(C.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Deoxyribose
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and DNA
DNA ligase
DNA ligase is a type of enzyme that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and DNA ligase
DNA sequencing
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. Directionality (molecular biology) and DNA sequencing are DNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and DNA sequencing
Exonuclease
Exonucleases are enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end (exo) of a polynucleotide chain.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Exonuclease
Five prime untranslated region
The 5′ untranslated region (also known as 5′ UTR, leader sequence, transcript leader, or leader RNA) is the region of a messenger RNA (mRNA) that is directly upstream from the initiation codon. Directionality (molecular biology) and Five prime untranslated region are RNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Five prime untranslated region
Five-prime cap
In molecular biology, the five-prime cap (5′ cap) is a specially altered nucleotide on the 5′ end of some primary transcripts such as precursor messenger RNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Five-prime cap
Furanose
A furanose is a collective term for carbohydrates that have a chemical structure that includes a five-membered ring system consisting of four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Furanose
Gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Gene
Hydroxy group
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Hydroxy group
In vivo
Studies that are in vivo (Latin for "within the living"; often not italicized in English) are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants, as opposed to a tissue extract or dead organism.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and In vivo
Kozak consensus sequence
The Kozak consensus sequence (Kozak consensus or Kozak sequence) is a nucleic acid motif that functions as the protein translation initiation site in most eukaryotic mRNA transcripts.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Kozak consensus sequence
Messenger RNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein. Directionality (molecular biology) and messenger RNA are molecular genetics and RNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Messenger RNA
Methionine
Methionine (symbol Met or M) is an essential amino acid in humans.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Methionine
Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Methylation
Mitochondrion
A mitochondrion is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Mitochondrion
Molecular biology
Molecular biology is a branch of biology that seeks to understand the molecular basis of biological activity in and between cells, including biomolecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms, and interactions.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Molecular biology
Molecular cloning
Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. Directionality (molecular biology) and molecular cloning are molecular genetics.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Molecular cloning
N-Formylmethionine
N-Formylmethionine (fMet, HCO-Met, For-Met) is a derivative of the amino acid methionine in which a formyl group has been added to the amino group.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and N-Formylmethionine
N-terminus
The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH2-terminus, N-terminal end or amine-terminus) is the start of a protein or polypeptide, referring to the free amine group (-NH2) located at the end of a polypeptide.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and N-terminus
Nucleic acid
Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that are crucial in all cells and viruses.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Nucleic acid
Nucleic acid double helix
In molecular biology, the term double helix refers to the structure formed by double-stranded molecules of nucleic acids such as DNA. Directionality (molecular biology) and nucleic acid double helix are DNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Nucleic acid double helix
Nucleoside triphosphate
A nucleoside triphosphate is a nucleoside containing a nitrogenous base bound to a 5-carbon sugar (either ribose or deoxyribose), with three phosphate groups bound to the sugar.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Nucleoside triphosphate
Nucleotide
Nucleotides are organic molecules composed of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate. Directionality (molecular biology) and Nucleotide are DNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Nucleotide
Pentose
In chemistry, a pentose is a monosaccharide (simple sugar) with five carbon atoms.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Pentose
Phosphatase
In biochemistry, a phosphatase is an enzyme that uses water to cleave a phosphoric acid monoester into a phosphate ion and an alcohol.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Phosphatase
Phosphate
In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Phosphate
Phosphodiester bond
In chemistry, a phosphodiester bond occurs when exactly two of the hydroxyl groups in phosphoric acid react with hydroxyl groups on other molecules to form two ester bonds.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Phosphodiester bond
Plasmid
A plasmid is a small, extrachromosomal DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Plasmid
Plastid
A plastid is a membrane-bound organelle found in the cells of plants, algae, and some other eukaryotic organisms.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Plastid
Polyadenylation
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA transcript, typically a messenger RNA (mRNA).
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Polyadenylation
Polymerase
In biochemistry, a polymerase is an enzyme (EC 2.7.7.6/7/19/48/49) that synthesizes long chains of polymers or nucleic acids.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Polymerase
Promoter (genetics)
In genetics, a promoter is a sequence of DNA to which proteins bind to initiate transcription of a single RNA transcript from the DNA downstream of the promoter.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Promoter (genetics)
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Protein
Ribose
Ribose is a simple sugar and carbohydrate with molecular formula C5H10O5 and the linear-form composition H−(C.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Ribose
Ribosome
Ribosomes are macromolecular machines, found within all cells, that perform biological protein synthesis (messenger RNA translation).
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Ribosome
Ribosome-binding site
A ribosome binding site, or ribosomal binding site (RBS), is a sequence of nucleotides upstream of the start codon of an mRNA transcript that is responsible for the recruitment of a ribosome during the initiation of translation.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Ribosome-binding site
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA).
See Directionality (molecular biology) and RNA
Sanger sequencing
Sanger sequencing is a method of DNA sequencing that involves electrophoresis and is based on the random incorporation of chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides by DNA polymerase during in vitro DNA replication.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Sanger sequencing
Sense (molecular biology)
In molecular biology and genetics, the sense of a nucleic acid molecule, particularly of a strand of DNA or RNA, refers to the nature of the roles of the strand and its complement in specifying a sequence of amino acids. Directionality (molecular biology) and sense (molecular biology) are DNA and RNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Sense (molecular biology)
Start codon
The start codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript translated by a ribosome. Directionality (molecular biology) and start codon are DNA and molecular genetics.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Start codon
Stop codon
In molecular biology, a stop codon (or termination codon) is a codon (nucleotide triplet within messenger RNA) that signals the termination of the translation process of the current protein. Directionality (molecular biology) and stop codon are molecular genetics.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Stop codon
Three prime untranslated region
In molecular genetics, the three prime untranslated region (3′-UTR) is the section of messenger RNA (mRNA) that immediately follows the translation termination codon. Directionality (molecular biology) and three prime untranslated region are RNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Three prime untranslated region
Transcription (biology)
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Transcription (biology)
Translation (biology)
In biology, translation is the process in living cells in which proteins are produced using RNA molecules as templates.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Translation (biology)
Upstream and downstream (DNA)
In molecular biology and genetics, upstream and downstream both refer to relative positions of genetic code in DNA or RNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and Upstream and downstream (DNA)
5′ flanking region
The 5′ flanking region is a region of DNA that is adjacent to the 5′ end of the gene. Directionality (molecular biology) and 5′ flanking region are DNA.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and 5′ flanking region
7-Methylguanosine
7-Methylguanosine (m7G) is a modified purine nucleoside.
See Directionality (molecular biology) and 7-Methylguanosine
References
Also known as 3', 3' end, 3' flanking region, 3' region, 3' to 5', 3'-end, 3′, 3′ end, 3′ region, 3′-end, 5', 5' end, 5' to 3', 5'-3', 5'-end, 5'-terminal, 5′, 5′ end, 5′-end, Five prime end, Three prime end, Transcriptional orientation.