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Economic liberalisation in India

Index Economic liberalisation in India

The economic liberalisation in India refers to the economic liberalisation, initiated in 1991, of the country's economic policies, with the goal of making the economy more market and service-oriented and expanding the role of private and foreign investment. [1]

77 relations: Agricultural subsidy, Agriculture in India, Asiaweek, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Balance of payments, BBC, BBC News, Bharatiya Janata Party, Business process outsourcing, Capital intensity, Chanakya, Chandra Shekhar, China, Chinese economic reform, Civil aviation, Corruption in India, Current account, Economic liberalisation in India, Economic miracle, Economic policy, Economic stagnation, Economy of India, Exchange rate, Fabian Society, Failed state, Financial crisis, Fiscal policy, Five-Year Plans of India, Foreign direct investment, Foreign-exchange reserves, Globalisation in India, Globalization, Goods and Services Tax (India), Graft (politics), Gross domestic product, Gupta, Hindu rate of growth, Import substitution industrialization, Index of Economic Freedom, India, Indian independence movement, Indian labour law, Indian rupee, Indirect tax, Indonesia, Inflation in India, Interventionism (politics), Kaushik Basu, Liberalization, Licence Raj, ..., Lists of countries by GDP per capita, Manmohan Singh, Maruti Suzuki, Minority government, Narasimha Rao, Narendra Modi, National Democratic Alliance (India), OECD, P. V. Narasimha Rao, Pakistan, Planned economy, Portfolio investment, Poverty in India, Private sector, Protectionism, Rajiv Gandhi, Red tape, South Korea, Soviet Union, Subsidies in India, Taiwan, Tata Communications, Telecommunication, Thailand, The Times of India, Third Front (India), 1997 Asian financial crisis. Expand index (27 more) »

Agricultural subsidy

An agricultural subsidy is a governmental subsidy paid to agribusinesses, agricultural organizations and farms to supplement their income, manage the supply of agricultural commodities, and influence the cost and supply of such commodities.

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Agriculture in India

The history of Agriculture in India dates back to Indus Valley Civilization Era and even before that in some parts of Southern India.

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Asiaweek

Asiaweek was an English-language news magazine focusing on Asia, published weekly by Asiaweek Limited, a subsidiary of Time Inc. Based in Hong Kong, it was established in 1975, and ceased publication with its 7 December 2001 issue due to a "downturn in the advertising market," according to Norman Pearlstine, editor in chief of Time Inc.

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Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Atal Bihari Vajpayee (pronunciation; born 25 December 1924) is an Indian politician who was the 10th Prime Minister of India, first term for 13 days in 1996 and then from 1998 to 2004.

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Balance of payments

The balance of payments, also known as balance of international payments and abbreviated B.O.P. or BoP, of a country is the record of all economic transactions between the residents of the country and of the world in a particular period (over a quarter of a year or more commonly over a year).

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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Bharatiya Janata Party

The Bharatiya Janata Party (translation: Indian People's Party; BJP) is one of the two major political parties in India, along with the Indian National Congress.

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Business process outsourcing

Business process outsourcing (BPO) is defined as a subset of outsourcing that involves the contracting of the operations and responsibilities of a specific business process to a third-party service provider.

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Capital intensity

Capital intensity is the amount of fixed or real capital present in relation to other factors of production, especially labor.

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Chanakya

Chanakya (IAST:,; fl. c. 4th century BCE) was an Indian teacher, philosopher, economist, jurist and royal advisor.

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Chandra Shekhar

Chandra Shekhar (1 July 1927 – 8 July 2007) was an Indian politician who, served as the 8th Prime Minister of India, between 10 November 1990 and 21 June 1991.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Chinese economic reform

The Chinese economic reform refers to the program of economic reforms termed "Socialism with Chinese characteristics" in the People's Republic of China (PRC) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China, led by Deng Xiaoping.

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Civil aviation

Civil aviation is one of two major categories of flying, representing all non-military aviation, both private and commercial.

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Corruption in India

Corruption is an issue that adversely affects India's economy of central, state and local government agencies.

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Current account

In economics, a country's current account is one of the two components of its balance of payments, the other being the capital account (also known as the financial account).

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Economic liberalisation in India

The economic liberalisation in India refers to the economic liberalisation, initiated in 1991, of the country's economic policies, with the goal of making the economy more market and service-oriented and expanding the role of private and foreign investment.

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Economic miracle

Economic miracle is an informal economic term commonly used to refer to a period of dramatic economic development that is entirely unexpected or unexpectedly strong.

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Economic policy

The economic policy of governments covers the systems for setting levels of taxation, government budgets, the money supply and interest rates as well as the labour market, national ownership, and many other areas of government interventions into the economy.

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Economic stagnation

Economic stagnation is a prolonged period of slow economic growth (traditionally measured in terms of the GDP growth), usually accompanied by high unemployment.

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Economy of India

The economy of India is a developing mixed economy.

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Exchange rate

In finance, an exchange rate is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another.

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Fabian Society

The Fabian Society is a British socialist organization whose purpose is to advance the principles of democratic socialism via gradualist and reformist effort in democracies, rather than by revolutionary overthrow.

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Failed state

A failed state is a political body that has disintegrated to a point where basic conditions and responsibilities of a sovereign government no longer function properly (see also fragile state and state collapse).

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Financial crisis

A financial crisis is any of a broad variety of situations in which some financial assets suddenly lose a large part of their nominal value.

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Fiscal policy

In economics and political science, fiscal policy is the use of government revenue collection (mainly taxes) and expenditure (spending) to influence the economy.

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Five-Year Plans of India

From 1947 to 2017, the Indian economy was premised on the concept of planning.

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Foreign direct investment

A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country.

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Foreign-exchange reserves

Foreign-exchange reserves (also called forex reserves or FX reserves) is money or other assets held by a central bank or other monetary authority so that it can pay if need be its liabilities, such as the currency issued by the central bank, as well as the various bank reserves deposited with the central bank by the government and other financial institutions.

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Globalisation in India

Globalization is a process that privatizing the causes, courses, and consequences of transnational and transcultural integration of human and non-human activities.

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Globalization

Globalization or globalisation is the process of interaction and integration between people, companies, and governments worldwide.

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Goods and Services Tax (India)

Goods and Service Tax (GST) is an indirect tax (or consumption tax) levied in India on the supply of goods and services.

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Graft (politics)

Graft, as understood in American English, is a form of political corruption, being the unscrupulous use of a politician's authority for personal gain.

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Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.

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Gupta

Gupta (Devanagari: गुप्त) is a common surname of Indian origin.

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Hindu rate of growth

The Hindu rate of growth is a term referring to the low annual growth rate of the planned economy of India before the liberalisations of 1991, which stagnated around 3.5% from 1950s to 1980s, while per capita income growth averaged 1.3%.

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Import substitution industrialization

Import substitution industrialization (ISI) is a trade and economic policy which advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production.

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Index of Economic Freedom

The Index of Economic Freedom is an annual index and ranking created by The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal in 1995 to measure the degree of economic freedom in the world's nations.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian independence movement

The Indian independence movement encompassed activities and ideas aiming to end the East India Company rule (1757–1857) and the British Indian Empire (1857–1947) in the Indian subcontinent.

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Indian labour law

Indian labour law refers to laws regulating labour in India.

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Indian rupee

The Indian rupee (sign: ₹; code: INR) is the official currency of the Republic of India.

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Indirect tax

An indirect tax (such as sales tax, per unit tax, value added tax (VAT), or goods and services tax (GST)) is a tax collected by an intermediary (such as a retail store) from the person who bears the ultimate economic burden of the tax (such as the consumer).

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Indonesia

Indonesia (or; Indonesian), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Republik Indonesia), is a transcontinental unitary sovereign state located mainly in Southeast Asia, with some territories in Oceania.

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Inflation in India

The annualised inflation rate in India was 3.78% as of August 2015, as per the Indian Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.

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Interventionism (politics)

Interventionism is a policy of non-defensive (proactive) activity undertaken by a nation-state, or other geo-political jurisdiction of a lesser or greater nature, to manipulate an economy and/or society.

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Kaushik Basu

Kaushik Basu (born 9 January 1952) is an Indian economist who was Chief Economist of the World Bank from 2012 to 2016.

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Liberalization

Liberalization (or liberalisation) is a general term for any process whereby a state lifts restrictions on some private individual activities.

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Licence Raj

The Licence Raj or Permit Raj (rāj, meaning "rule" in Hindi) was the elaborate system of licences, regulations and accompanying red tape that were required to set up and run businesses in India between 1947 and 1990.

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Lists of countries by GDP per capita

There are two articles listing countries according to their per capita GDP.

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Manmohan Singh

Manmohan Singh (born 26 September 1932) is an Indian economist and politician who served as the Prime Minister of India from 2004 to 2014.

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Maruti Suzuki

Maruti Suzuki India Limited, formerly known as Maruti Udyog Limited, is an automobile manufacturer in India.

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Minority government

A minority government, or minority cabinet or minority parliament, is a cabinet formed in a parliamentary system when a political party or coalition of parties does not have a majority of overall seats in the parliament.

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Narasimha Rao

Narasimha Rao or Narasimharao is an Indian surname.

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Narendra Modi

Narendra Damodardas Modi (born 17 September 1950) is an Indian politician serving as the 14th and current Prime Minister of India since 2014.

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National Democratic Alliance (India)

The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is a centre-right coalition of political parties in India.

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OECD

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, OCDE) is an intergovernmental economic organisation with 35 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade.

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P. V. Narasimha Rao

Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao (28 June 1921 – 23 December 2004) was an Indian lawyer and politician who served as the 9th Prime Minister of India (1991–1996).

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Pakistan

Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.

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Planned economy

A planned economy is a type of economic system where investment and the allocation of capital goods take place according to economy-wide economic and production plans.

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Portfolio investment

Portfolio investments are investments in the form of a group (portfolio) of assets, including transactions in equity securities, such as common stock, and debt securities, such as banknotes, bonds, and debentures.

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Poverty in India

Poverty is a significant issue in India, despite having one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, clocked at a growth rate of 7.6% in 2015, and a sizable consumer economy.

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Private sector

The private sector is the part of the economy, sometimes referred to as the citizen sector, which is run by private individuals or groups, usually as a means of enterprise for profit, and is not controlled by the State.

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Protectionism

Protectionism is the economic policy of restricting imports from other countries through methods such as tariffs on imported goods, import quotas, and a variety of other government regulations.

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Rajiv Gandhi

Rajiv Ratna Gandhi (20 August 1944 – 21 May 1991) was an Indian politician who served as the 6th Prime Minister of India from 1984 to 1989.

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Red tape

Red tape is an idiom that refers to excessive regulation or rigid conformity to formal rules that is considered redundant or bureaucratic and hinders or prevents action or decision-making.

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South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk,; lit. "The Great Country of the Han People"), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying east to the Asian mainland.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Subsidies in India

The Indian government has, since war, subsidised many industries and products, from fuel to gas.

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Taiwan

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia.

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Tata Communications

Tata Communications formerly called VSNL is a global provider of telecommunications solutions and services.

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Telecommunication

Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.

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Thailand

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and formerly known as Siam, is a unitary state at the center of the Southeast Asian Indochinese peninsula composed of 76 provinces.

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The Times of India

The Times of India (TOI) is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Times Group.

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Third Front (India)

Third Front in Indian politics refers to various alliances formed by smaller parties at various points of time since 1989 to offer a third option to Indian voters, challenging the Indian National Congress and Bhartiya Janata Party.

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1997 Asian financial crisis

The Asian financial crisis was a period of financial crisis that gripped much of East Asia beginning in July 1997 and raised fears of a worldwide economic meltdown due to financial contagion.

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Redirects here:

Economic liberalization in India, Economic reform in India, Economic reforms in India, Economic reforms in india.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_liberalisation_in_India

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