Communication

305 relations: Academic department, Academic specialization, Academic term, Administrative divisions of China, Adult education, Agricultural science, Agriculture, Associate professor, Automation, Barefoot doctor, Basic education, Beijing, Bespoke tailoring, Bill (law), Biology, Biophysics, Bohunt Chinese School, Brainwashing, Budget, Business, Capital punishment in China, CERNET, Changchun, Chemistry, Chen Baosheng, Chengdu, China Daily, China Digital Times, China Europe International Business School, China Open Resources for Education, Chinese Academy of Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese art, Chinese culture, Chinese economic reform, Chinese language, Chinese law, Chinese literature, Chinese university ranking (Wu Shulian), CiNii, Civil engineering, College, College and university rankings, College-preparatory school, Commerce, Communist Party of China, Compulsory education, Computer science, Computing, Continuing education, ..., Contract, Cooking, Cornell University, Cost of living, Critical thinking, Cultural Revolution, Curriculum, Decentralization, Deng Xiaoping, Developed country, Digital divide in China, Discipline, Distance education, Doctorate, Drawing, Dropping out, Economy of China, Education, Education inequality in China, Education policy, Education Resources Information Center, Educational technology, Elementary school, Elitism, Employment, Engineer, Engineering, English language, English Medium Medical Schools, Equal opportunity, Ethics, Europe, Excellence, Expense, Expo 2010, Factory, Feminism in China, Fifth-generation jet fighter, Finance, Financial Times, Fine art, Fixed capital, Foot binding, Foreign language, Forestry, Four Cardinal Principles, Four Modernizations, Fudan University, Geographic mobility, Geography, Google Books, Government budget, Great Leap Forward, Harvard Girl, Harvard University, Health care, Higher education, Higher education in China, Higher Learning, History, History of science and technology in China, History of the People's Republic of China (1976–89), Homework, Hong Kong, Household responsibility system, Hukou system, Humanities, Hundred Flowers Campaign, Ideology, Imperial examination, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Infanticide, Information and communications technology, Innovation, Institute of technology, Intellectual, Intellectual giftedness, Interest, International Baccalaureate, International Research and Training Centre for Rural Education, Iron rice bowl, J-XX, Kuomintang, Laowai, Latin alphabet, Law of the People's Republic of China, Learning, Lecturer, Left-behind children in China, Leninism, Liberal arts education, Lifelong learning, List of Teachers' Days, List of universities in China, Literacy, Literature, Loan, Local government, Lump sum, Major (academic), Manual labour, Mao Zedong, Marxism, Mass media, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massive open online course, Master of Accountancy, Master of Business Administration, Mathematics, Middle school, Midwifery, Migrant worker, Mining, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China, Modernization theory, Morality, Music, National Higher Education Entrance Examination, National Key Universities, National People's Congress, Natural science, Nature, Navigation, New York City, News Corp, Normal school, Nuclear physics, Nuclear power, Oceanography, OECD, Open University of China, OpenCourseWare, Opium, Paramedic, Payroll, Peasant, Pedagogy, Peking University, People's Liberation Army, Photography, Physical chemistry, Physical education, Physics, Pinyin, Political science, Politics, Polymer chemistry, Polymer physics, Postgraduate education, Pragmatism, Preschool, Primary education, Private school, Production team (China), Professional development, Professor, Programme for International Student Assessment, Psychology, Public finance, Radio, Radiochemistry, Red Guards, Renminbi, Research, Reuters, Sanlitun, Scholarly method, Scholarship, Science, Science and technology studies, Scientific method, Scientist, Scouting and Guiding in mainland China, Secondary education, Secondary school, Senior High School Entrance Examination, Shanghai, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Sichuan schools corruption scandal, Simplified Chinese characters, Sino-Soviet split, Siphon, Social equality, Social justice, Social science, Social stratification, Socialism, Socialist Education Movement, Some Institutes for Advanced Study, South China Morning Post, South China University of Technology, Soviet Union, Special education, Sport, Springer Science+Business Media, Standard Chinese, Standardized test, Stanford University, State Administration of Radio and Television, State school, Stipend, Sun Yat-sen, Teacher, Teachers College, Columbia University, Teaching assistant, Teaching method, Technician, Technology, Television, Textile, The Boston Globe, The Bund, The Chronicle of Higher Education, The Daily Telegraph, The Economist, The Guardian, The Harvard Crimson, The New York Times, The New York Times International Edition, The Wall Street Journal, Third grade, Tianjin, Time (magazine), Timothy Brook, Traditional Chinese characters, Training, Tsinghua University, Tuition payments, Two Million Minutes, U.S. News & World Report, Undergraduate education, Unemployment, UNESCO, United International College, United States, Universal access to education, University, University of Cambridge, University of Hong Kong, University of Oxford, Vocational education, Wage, Weapon, Western world, Work unit, Workforce, World Bank, World energy resources, Written Chinese, Wuhan, Xiamen, Yale University, 2008 Summer Olympics. 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Academic department

An academic department is a division of a university or school faculty devoted to a particular academic discipline.

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Academic specialization

In academia, specialization (or specialisation) may be a course of study or major at an academic institution or may refer to the field that a specialist practices in.

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Academic term

An academic term (or simply "term") is a portion of an academic year, the time during which an educational institution holds classes.

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Administrative divisions of China

Due to China's large population and area, the administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since ancient times.

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Adult education

Adult education is a practice in which adults engage in systematic and sustained self-educating activities in order to gain new forms of knowledge, skills, attitudes, or values.

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Agricultural science

Agricultural science is a broad multidisciplinary field of biology that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture.

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Agriculture

Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.

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Associate professor

Associate professor (frequently capitalized as Associate Professor) is an academic title that can have different meanings.

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Automation

Automation is the technology by which a process or procedure is performed without human assistance.

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Barefoot doctor

Barefoot doctors are farmers who received minimal basic medical and paramedical training and worked in rural villages in China.

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Basic education

According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), basic education comprises the two stages primary education and lower secondary education.

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Beijing

Beijing, formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's second most populous city proper, and most populous capital city.

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Bespoke tailoring

Bespoke tailoring is clothing made to an individual buyer's specifications by a tailor.

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Bill (law)

A bill is proposed legislation under consideration by a legislature.

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Biology

Biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical composition, function, development and evolution.

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Biophysics

Biophysics is an interdisciplinary science that applies the approaches and methods of physics to study biological systems.

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Bohunt Chinese School

Bohunt Chinese School was an experiment that took place at the Bohunt School in Liphook, Hampshire, United Kingdom in 2015.

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Brainwashing

Brainwashing (also known as mind control, menticide, coercive persuasion, thought control, thought reform, and re-education) is the concept that the human mind can be altered or controlled by certain psychological techniques.

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Budget

A budget is a financial plan for a defined period of time, usually a year.It may also include planned sales volumes and revenues, resource quantities, costs and expenses, assets, liabilities and cash flows.

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Business

Business is the activity of making one's living or making money by producing or buying and selling products (goods and services).

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Capital punishment in China

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the mainland of the People's Republic of China.

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CERNET

The China Education and Research Network (CERNET) is the first nationwide education and research computer network in China.

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Changchun

Changchun is the capital and largest city of Jilin Province, and is also the core city of Northeast Asia.

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Chemistry

Chemistry is the scientific discipline involved with compounds composed of atoms, i.e. elements, and molecules, i.e. combinations of atoms: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other compounds.

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Chen Baosheng

Chen Baosheng (born May 1956) is a Chinese politician and academic administrator.

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Chengdu

Chengdu, formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.

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China Daily

China Daily is an English-language daily newspaper published in the People's Republic of China.

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China Digital Times

China Digital Times (CDT) is a California-based bilingual news website covering China.

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China Europe International Business School

China Europe International Business School (CEIBS) is a globally top-ranked business school located in Shanghai, China.

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China Open Resources for Education

The China Open Resources for Education, or CORE, was a non-profit organization that promoted closer interaction and open sharing of educational resources between Chinese and international universities.

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Chinese Academy of Engineering

The Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) is the national academy of the People's Republic of China for engineering.

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Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), with historical origins in the Academia Sinica during the Republic of China era, is the national academy for the natural sciences of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Chinese art

Chinese art is visual art that, whether ancient or modern, originated in or is practiced in China or by Chinese artists.

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Chinese culture

Chinese culture is one of the world's oldest cultures, originating thousands of years ago.

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Chinese economic reform

The Chinese economic reform refers to the program of economic reforms termed "Socialism with Chinese characteristics" in the People's Republic of China (PRC) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China, led by Deng Xiaoping.

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Chinese language

Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.

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Chinese law

Chinese law is one of the oldest legal traditions in the world.

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Chinese literature

The history of Chinese literature extends thousands of years, from the earliest recorded dynastic court archives to the mature vernacular fiction novels that arose during the Ming Dynasty to entertain the masses of literate Chinese.

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Chinese university ranking (Wu Shulian)

The Chinese university ranking is a ranking of universities in Mainland China compiled by Wu Shulian, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Management Science (unconfirmed).

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CiNii

CiNii is a bibliographic database service for material in Japanese academic libraries, especially focusing on Japanese works and English works published in Japan.

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Civil engineering

Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewerage systems, pipelines, and railways.

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College

A college (Latin: collegium) is an educational institution or a constituent part of one.

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College and university rankings

College and university rankings are rankings of institutions in higher education which have been ranked on the basis of various combinations of various factors.

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College-preparatory school

A college-preparatory school (shortened to preparatory school, prep school, or college prep) is a type of secondary school.

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Commerce

Commerce relates to "the exchange of goods and services, especially on a large scale.” Commerce includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural and technological systems that operate in any country or internationally.

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Communist Party of China

The Communist Party of China (CPC), also referred to as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China.

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Compulsory education

Compulsory education refers to a period of education that is required of all people and is imposed by government.

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Computer science

Computer science deals with the theoretical foundations of information and computation, together with practical techniques for the implementation and application of these foundations.

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Computing

Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computers.

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Continuing education

Continuing education (similar to further education in the United Kingdom and Ireland) is an all-encompassing term within a broad list of post-secondary learning activities and programs.

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Contract

A contract is a promise or set of promises that are legally enforceable and, if violated, allow the injured party access to legal remedies.

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Cooking

Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption.

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Cornell University

Cornell University is a private and statutory Ivy League research university located in Ithaca, New York.

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Cost of living

Cost of living is the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living.

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Critical thinking

Critical thinking is the objective analysis of facts to form a judgment.

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Cultural Revolution

The Cultural Revolution, formally the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in China from 1966 until 1976.

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Curriculum

In education, a curriculum (plural: curricula or curriculums) is broadly defined as the totality of student experiences that occur in the educational process.

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Decentralization

Decentralization is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group.

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Deng Xiaoping

Deng Xiaoping (22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997), courtesy name Xixian (希贤), was a Chinese politician.

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Developed country

A developed country, industrialized country, more developed country, or "more economically developed country" (MEDC), is a sovereign state that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations.

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Digital divide in China

Over the past decade there has been an explosion in the use of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in China.

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Discipline

Discipline is action or inaction that is regulated to be in accordance (or to achieve accord) with a system of governance.

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Distance education

Distance education or long-distance learning is the education of students who may not always be physically present at a school.

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Doctorate

A doctorate (from Latin docere, "to teach") or doctor's degree (from Latin doctor, "teacher") or doctoral degree (from the ancient formalism licentia docendi) is an academic degree awarded by universities that is, in most countries, a research degree that qualifies the holder to teach at the university level in the degree's field, or to work in a specific profession.

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Drawing

Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.

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Dropping out

Dropping out means leaving high school, college, university or another group for practical reasons, necessities, or disillusionment with the system from which the individual in question leaves.

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Economy of China

The socialist market economy of the People's Republic of China is the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP and the world's largest economy by purchasing power parity according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), although China's National Bureau of Statistics denies the latter assessment.

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Education

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.

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Education inequality in China

Education inequality in China exists on multiple levels, with significant disparities occurring along gender, geographical, and ethnic divides.

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Education policy

Education policy consists of the principles and government policies in the educational sphere as well as the collection of laws and rules that govern the operation of education systems.

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Education Resources Information Center

The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is an online digital library of education research and information.

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Educational technology

Educational technology is "the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources".

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Elementary school

Elementary school is a school for students in their first school years, where they get primary education before they enter secondary education.

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Elitism

Elitism is the belief or attitude that individuals who form an elite — a select group of people with a certain ancestry, intrinsic quality, high intellect, wealth, special skills, or experience — are more likely to be constructive to society as a whole, and therefore deserve influence or authority greater than that of others.

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Employment

Employment is a relationship between two parties, usually based on a contract where work is paid for, where one party, which may be a corporation, for profit, not-for-profit organization, co-operative or other entity is the employer and the other is the employee.

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Engineer

Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are people who invent, design, analyze, build, and test machines, systems, structures and materials to fulfill objectives and requirements while considering the limitations imposed by practicality, regulation, safety, and cost.

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Engineering

Engineering is the creative application of science, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to the innovation, design, construction, operation and maintenance of structures, machines, materials, devices, systems, processes, and organizations.

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English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

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English Medium Medical Schools

Around 2006, the Chinese Government instituted the admission of foreign students to China for medical instruction using English as the language of instruction.

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Equal opportunity

Equal opportunity arises from the similar treatment of all people, unhampered by artificial barriers or prejudices or preferences, except when particular distinctions can be explicitly justified.

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Ethics

Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Excellence

Excellence is a talent or quality which is unusually good and so surpasses ordinary standards.

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Expense

In common usage, an expense or expenditure is an outflow of money to another person or group to pay for an item or service, or for a category of costs.

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Expo 2010

Expo 2010, officially the Expo 2010 Shanghai China, was held on both banks of the Huangpu River in Shanghai, China, from 1 May to 31 October 2010.

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Factory

A factory or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.

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Feminism in China

Feminism in China began in the 20th century in tandem with the Chinese Revolution.

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Fifth-generation jet fighter

A fifth-generation jet fighter is a jet fighter classification used around the world that encompasses the most advanced jet fighter generation.

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Finance

Finance is a field that is concerned with the allocation (investment) of assets and liabilities (known as elements of the balance statement) over space and time, often under conditions of risk or uncertainty.

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Financial Times

The Financial Times (FT) is a Japanese-owned (since 2015), English-language international daily newspaper headquartered in London, with a special emphasis on business and economic news.

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Fine art

In European academic traditions, fine art is art developed primarily for aesthetics or beauty, distinguishing it from applied art, which also has to serve some practical function, such as pottery or most metalwork.

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Fixed capital

Fixed capital is a concept in economics and accounting, first theoretically analyzed in some depth by the economist David Ricardo.

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Foot binding

Foot binding was the custom of applying tight binding to the feet of young girls to modify the shape of their feet.

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Foreign language

A foreign language is a language originally from another country.

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Forestry

Forestry is the science and craft of creating, managing, using, conserving, and repairing forests, woodlands, and associated resources to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human and environment benefits.

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Four Cardinal Principles

The Four Cardinal Principles were stated by Deng Xiaoping in 1979 and are the four issues for which debate was not allowed within the People's Republic of China.

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Four Modernizations

The Four Modernizations were goals first set forth by Deng Xiaoping to strengthen the fields of agriculture, industry, national defense, and science and technology in China.

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Fudan University

Fudan University, located in Shanghai, China, is a C9 League university that is one of the most prestigious and selective universities in China.

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Geographic mobility

Geographic mobility is the measure of how populations and goods move over time.

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Geography

Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία, geographia, literally "earth description") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, the features, the inhabitants, and the phenomena of Earth.

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Google Books

Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search and Google Print and by its codename Project Ocean) is a service from Google Inc. that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database.

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Government budget

A government budget is an annual financial statement presenting the government's proposed revenues and spending for a financial year that is often passed by the legislature, approved by the chief executive or president and presented by the Finance Minister to the nation.

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Great Leap Forward

The Great Leap Forward of the People's Republic of China (PRC) was an economic and social campaign by the Communist Party of China (CPC) from 1958 to 1962.

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Harvard Girl

Harvard Girl (full title Harvard Girl Liu Yiting: A Character Training Record) is a book written by Liu Weihua (刘卫华) and Zhang Xinwu (张欣武), which describes how they raised their daughter, Liu Yiting (刘亦婷), to be accepted to Harvard University.

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Harvard University

Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Health care

Health care or healthcare is the maintenance or improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in human beings.

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Higher education

Higher education (also called post-secondary education, third-level or tertiary education) is an optional final stage of formal learning that occurs after completion of secondary education.

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Higher education in China

Higher education in China centers on a system of 2,000 universities and colleges, with more than six million students.

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Higher Learning

Higher Learning is a 1995 American drama film written and directed by John Singleton and starring an ensemble cast.

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History

History (from Greek ἱστορία, historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the study of the past as it is described in written documents.

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History of science and technology in China

Ancient Chinese scientists and engineers made significant scientific innovations, findings and technological advances across various scientific disciplines including the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, military technology, mathematics, geology and astronomy.

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History of the People's Republic of China (1976–89)

In September 1976, after Mao Zedong's death, the People's Republic of China was left with no central authority figure, either symbolically or administratively.

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Homework

Homework, or a homework assignment, is a set of tasks assigned to students by their teachers to be completed outside the class.

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Hong Kong

Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory of China on the eastern side of the Pearl River estuary in East Asia.

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Household responsibility system

The household responsibility system, or contract responsibility system, was a practice in China, first adopted in agriculture in 1979 and later extended to other sectors of the economy, by which local managers are held responsible for the profits and losses of an enterprise.

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Hukou system

Hukou is a system of household registration in mainland China and Taiwan, although the system itself is more properly called "huji", and has origins in ancient China.

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Humanities

Humanities are academic disciplines that study aspects of human society and culture.

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Hundred Flowers Campaign

The Hundred Flowers Campaign, also termed the Hundred Flowers Movement, was a period in 1956 in the People's Republic of China during which the Communist Party of China (CPC) encouraged its citizens to openly express their opinions of the communist regime.

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Ideology

An Ideology is a collection of normative beliefs and values that an individual or group holds for other than purely epistemic reasons.

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Imperial examination

The Chinese imperial examinations were a civil service examination system in Imperial China to select candidates for the state bureaucracy.

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Industrial and Commercial Bank of China

Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited (abb. ICBC) is a Chinese multinational banking company.

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Infanticide

Infanticide (or infant homicide) is the intentional killing of infants.

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Information and communications technology

Information and communication technology (ICT) is another/extensional term for information technology (IT) which stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.

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Innovation

Innovation can be defined simply as a "new idea, device or method".

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Institute of technology

An institute of technology (also: university of technology, polytechnic university, technikon, and technical university) is a type of university which specializes in engineering, technology, applied science, and sometimes natural sciences.

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Intellectual

An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about society and proposes solutions for its normative problems.

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Intellectual giftedness

Intellectual giftedness is an intellectual ability significantly higher than average.

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Interest

Interest is payment from a borrower or deposit-taking financial institution to a lender or depositor of an amount above repayment of the principal sum (i.e., the amount borrowed), at a particular rate.

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International Baccalaureate

The International Baccalaureate (IB), formerly known as the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO), is an international educational foundation headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland and founded in 1968.

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International Research and Training Centre for Rural Education

The International Research and Training Centre for Rural Education (INRULED) is a training and research centre located in the People's Republic of China.

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Iron rice bowl

"Iron rice bowl" is a Chinese term used to refer to an occupation with guaranteed job security, as well as steady income and benefits.

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J-XX

J-XXConiglio 2006, P.44 J-X,Chang 2002 and XXJ are names applied by Western intelligence agencies to describe programs by the People's Republic of China to develop one or more fifth-generation fighter aircraft.

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Kuomintang

The Kuomintang of China (KMT; often translated as the Nationalist Party of China) is a major political party in the Republic of China on Taiwan, based in Taipei and is currently the opposition political party in the Legislative Yuan.

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Laowai

Laowai is the Mandarin pronunciation of 老外 (pinyin: lǎowài, lit. "constantly foreign"), an informal term or slang for "foreigner", usually neutral but possibly impolite or loose in some circumstances.

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Latin alphabet

The Latin alphabet or the Roman alphabet is a writing system originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language.

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Law of the People's Republic of China

Law of the People's Republic of China, officially referred to as the Socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, is the legal regime of China, with the separate legal traditions and systems of Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau.

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Learning

Learning is the process of acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences.

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Lecturer

Lecturer is an academic rank within many universities, though the meaning of the term varies somewhat from country to country.

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Left-behind children in China

The left-behind children in China generally refer to children who remain in rural regions of China while their parents leave to work in urban areas.

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Leninism

Leninism is the political theory for the organisation of a revolutionary vanguard party and the achievement of a dictatorship of the proletariat as political prelude to the establishment of socialism.

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Liberal arts education

Liberal arts education (from Latin "free" and "art or principled practice") can claim to be the oldest programme of higher education in Western history.

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Lifelong learning

Lifelong learning is the "ongoing, voluntary, and self-motivated"Department of Education and Science (2000).

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List of Teachers' Days

Teachers' Day is a special day for the appreciation of teachers, and may include celebrations to honor them for their special contributions in a particular field area, or the community in general.

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List of universities in China

This article is a list of universities in mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau (of P.R.C.). By May of 2017, there were 2,914 colleges and universities, with over 20 million students enrolled in mainland China.

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Literacy

Literacy is traditionally meant as the ability to read and write.

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Literature

Literature, most generically, is any body of written works.

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Loan

In finance, a loan is the lending of money by one or more individuals, organizations, and/or other entities to other individuals, organizations etc.

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Local government

A local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state.

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Lump sum

A lump sum is a single payment of money, as opposed to a series of payments made over time (such as an annuity).

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Major (academic)

An academic major is the academic discipline to which an undergraduate student formally commits.

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Manual labour

Manual labour (in British English, manual labor in American English) or manual work is physical work done by people, most especially in contrast to that done by machines, and to that done by working animals.

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Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), commonly known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who became the founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he ruled as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.

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Marxism

Marxism is a method of socioeconomic analysis that views class relations and social conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and takes a dialectical view of social transformation.

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Mass media

The mass media is a diversified collection of media technologies that reach a large audience via mass communication.

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

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Massive open online course

A massive open online course (MOOC) is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web.

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Master of Accountancy

The Master of Accountancy (M.Acc. or M.Acy.), alternatively Master of Science in Accountancy (M.S.Acy.) or Master of Professional Accountancy (M.P.Acy.) is a graduate professional degree designed to prepare students for public accounting and to provide them with the 150 credit hours of classroom, but mostly clinical hours, required by most states before taking the Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination.

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Master of Business Administration

The Master of Business Administration (MBA or M.B.A.) is a master's degree in business administration (management).

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Mathematics

Mathematics (from Greek μάθημα máthēma, "knowledge, study, learning") is the study of such topics as quantity, structure, space, and change.

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Middle school

A middle school (also known as intermediate school or junior high school) is an educational stage which exists in some countries, providing education between primary school and secondary school.

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Midwifery

Midwifery is the health science and health profession that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (including care of the newborn), in addition to the sexual and reproductive health of women throughout their lives.

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Migrant worker

A "migrant worker" is a person who either migrates within their home country or outside it to pursue work such as seasonal work.

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Mining

Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit.

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Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China

The Ministry of Education (MOE) of the People's Republic of China is the agency of the State Council of the People's Republic of China that regulates all aspects of the educational system in mainland China, including compulsory basic education, vocational education, and tertiary education.

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Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China

The Ministry of Finance of the Government of the People's Republic of China is the national executive agency of the Central People's Government which administers macroeconomic policies and the national annual budget.

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Modernization theory

Modernization theory is used to explain the process of modernization within societies.

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Morality

Morality (from) is the differentiation of intentions, decisions and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.

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Music

Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.

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National Higher Education Entrance Examination

The National Higher Education Entrance Examination (also translated as National Matriculation Examination or National College Entrance Examination or "NCEE"), commonly known as Gaokao (高考, "Higher Education Exam", Pinyin gāo kǎo, lit. "High exam"), is an academic examination held annually in the People's Republic of China (except Hong Kong and Macau, which have their own education systems).

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National Key Universities

National Key Universities previously referred to universities recognized as prestigious and which received a high level of support from the central government of the People's Republic of China.

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National People's Congress

The National People's Congress (usually abbreviated NPC) is the national legislature of the People's Republic of China. With 2,980 members in 2018, it is the largest parliamentary body in the world. Under China's Constitution, the NPC is structured as a unicameral legislature, with the power to legislate, the power to oversee the operations of the government, and the power to elect the major officers of state. However, the NPC has been described as a "rubber stamp," having "never rejected a government proposal" in its history. The NPC is elected for a term of five years. It holds annual sessions every spring, usually lasting from 10 to 14 days, in the Great Hall of the People on the west side of Tiananmen Square in Beijing. The NPC's sessions are usually timed to occur with the meetings of the National Committee of the People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), a consultative body whose members represent various social groups. As the NPC and the CPPCC are the main deliberative bodies of China, they are often referred to as the Lianghui (Two Assemblies). According to the NPC, its annual meetings provide an opportunity for the officers of state to review past policies and present future plans to the nation.

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Natural science

Natural science is a branch of science concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.

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Nature

Nature, in the broadest sense, is the natural, physical, or material world or universe.

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Navigation

Navigation is a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.

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New York City

The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

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News Corp

News Corporation (officially referred to and trading as News Corp) is an American multinational mass media company, formed as a spin-off of the former News Corporation (as founded by Rupert Murdoch in 1979) focusing on newspapers and publishing.

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Normal school

A normal school was an institution created to train high school graduates to be teachers by educating them in the norms of pedagogy and curriculum.

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Nuclear physics

Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions.

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Nuclear power

Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.

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Oceanography

Oceanography (compound of the Greek words ὠκεανός meaning "ocean" and γράφω meaning "write"), also known as oceanology, is the study of the physical and biological aspects of the ocean.

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OECD

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, OCDE) is an intergovernmental economic organisation with 35 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade.

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Open University of China

The Open University of China was established in Beijing in 1979.

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OpenCourseWare

OpenCourseWare (OCW) are course lessons created at universities and published for free via the Internet.

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Opium

Opium (poppy tears, with the scientific name: Lachryma papaveris) is the dried latex obtained from the opium poppy (scientific name: Papaver somniferum).

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Paramedic

A paramedic is a healthcare professional who responds to medical emergencies outside of a hospital.

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Payroll

A payroll is a company's list of its employees, but the term is commonly used to refer to.

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Peasant

A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or farmer, especially one living in the Middle Ages under feudalism and paying rent, tax, fees or services to a landlord.

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Pedagogy

Pedagogy is the discipline that deals with the theory and practice of teaching and how these influence student learning.

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Peking University

Peking University (abbreviated PKU or Beida; Chinese: 北京大学, pinyin: běi jīng dà xué) is a major Chinese research university located in Beijing and a member of the C9 League.

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People's Liberation Army

The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the armed forces of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Communist Party of China (CPC).

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Photography

Photography is the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.

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Physical chemistry

Physical Chemistry is the study of macroscopic, atomic, subatomic, and particulate phenomena in chemical systems in terms of the principles, practices, and concepts of physics such as motion, energy, force, time, thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, analytical dynamics and chemical equilibrium.

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Physical education

Physical education, also known as Phys Ed., PE, gym, or gym class, and known in many Commonwealth countries as physical training or PT, is an educational course related of maintaining the human body through physical exercises (i.e. calisthenics).

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Physics

Physics (from knowledge of nature, from φύσις phýsis "nature") is the natural science that studies matterAt the start of The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Richard Feynman offers the atomic hypothesis as the single most prolific scientific concept: "If, in some cataclysm, all scientific knowledge were to be destroyed one sentence what statement would contain the most information in the fewest words? I believe it is that all things are made up of atoms – little particles that move around in perpetual motion, attracting each other when they are a little distance apart, but repelling upon being squeezed into one another..." and its motion and behavior through space and time and that studies the related entities of energy and force."Physical science is that department of knowledge which relates to the order of nature, or, in other words, to the regular succession of events." Physics is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines, and its main goal is to understand how the universe behaves."Physics is one of the most fundamental of the sciences. Scientists of all disciplines use the ideas of physics, including chemists who study the structure of molecules, paleontologists who try to reconstruct how dinosaurs walked, and climatologists who study how human activities affect the atmosphere and oceans. Physics is also the foundation of all engineering and technology. No engineer could design a flat-screen TV, an interplanetary spacecraft, or even a better mousetrap without first understanding the basic laws of physics. (...) You will come to see physics as a towering achievement of the human intellect in its quest to understand our world and ourselves."Physics is an experimental science. Physicists observe the phenomena of nature and try to find patterns that relate these phenomena.""Physics is the study of your world and the world and universe around you." Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines and, through its inclusion of astronomy, perhaps the oldest. Over the last two millennia, physics, chemistry, biology, and certain branches of mathematics were a part of natural philosophy, but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century, these natural sciences emerged as unique research endeavors in their own right. Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research, such as biophysics and quantum chemistry, and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined. New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms studied by other sciences and suggest new avenues of research in academic disciplines such as mathematics and philosophy. Advances in physics often enable advances in new technologies. For example, advances in the understanding of electromagnetism and nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products that have dramatically transformed modern-day society, such as television, computers, domestic appliances, and nuclear weapons; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization; and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus.

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Pinyin

Hanyu Pinyin Romanization, often abbreviated to pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Chinese in mainland China and to some extent in Taiwan.

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Political science

Political science is a social science which deals with systems of governance, and the analysis of political activities, political thoughts, and political behavior.

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Politics

Politics (from Politiká, meaning "affairs of the cities") is the process of making decisions that apply to members of a group.

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Polymer chemistry

Polymer chemistry is a chemistry subdiscipline that deals with the structures, chemical synthesis and properties of polymers, primarily synthetic polymers such as plastics and elastomers.

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Polymer physics

Polymer physics is the field of physics that studies polymers, their fluctuations, mechanical properties, as well as the kinetics of reactions involving degradation and polymerisation of polymers and monomers respectively.

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Postgraduate education

Postgraduate education, or graduate education in North America, involves learning and studying for academic or professional degrees, academic or professional certificates, academic or professional diplomas, or other qualifications for which a first or bachelor's degree generally is required, and it is normally considered to be part of higher education.

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Pragmatism

Pragmatism is a philosophical tradition that began in the United States around 1870.

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Preschool

A preschool, also known as nursery school, pre-primary school, playschool or kindergarten, is an educational establishment or learning space offering early childhood education to children before they begin compulsory education at primary school.

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Primary education

Primary education and elementary education is typically the first stage of formal education, coming after preschool and before secondary education (The first two grades of primary school, Grades 1 and 2, are also part of early childhood education).

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Private school

Private schools, also known to many as independent schools, non-governmental, privately funded, or non-state schools, are not administered by local, state or national governments.

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Production team (China)

A production team was formerly the basic accounting and farm production unit in the people's commune system in People's Republic of China from 1958 to 1984.

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Professional development

Professional development is learning to earn or maintain professional credentials such as academic degrees to formal coursework, attending conferences, and informal learning opportunities situated in practice.

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Professor

Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries.

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Programme for International Student Assessment

The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in member and non-member nations intended to evaluate educational systems by measuring 15-year-old school pupils' scholastic performance on mathematics, science, and reading.

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Psychology

Psychology is the science of behavior and mind, including conscious and unconscious phenomena, as well as feeling and thought.

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Public finance

Public finance is the study of the role of the government in the economy.

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Radio

Radio is the technology of using radio waves to carry information, such as sound, by systematically modulating properties of electromagnetic energy waves transmitted through space, such as their amplitude, frequency, phase, or pulse width.

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Radiochemistry

Radiochemistry is the chemistry of radioactive materials, where radioactive isotopes of elements are used to study the properties and chemical reactions of non-radioactive isotopes (often within radiochemistry the absence of radioactivity leads to a substance being described as being inactive as the isotopes are stable).

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Red Guards

Red Guards were a student mass paramilitary social movement mobilized by Mao Zedong in 1966 and 1967, during the Cultural Revolution.

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Renminbi

The renminbi (Ab.: RMB;; sign: 元; code: CNY) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China.

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Research

Research comprises "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humans, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications." It is used to establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new or existing problems, support theorems, or develop new theories.

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Reuters

Reuters is an international news agency headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Sanlitun

Sanlitun is an area of the Chaoyang District, Beijing containing many popular bar streets and international stores.

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Scholarly method

The scholarly method or scholarship is the body of principles and practices used by scholars to make their claims about the world as valid and trustworthy as possible, and to make them known to the scholarly public.

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Scholarship

A scholarship is an award of financial aid for a student to further their education.

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Science

R. P. Feynman, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.1, Chaps.1,2,&3.

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Science and technology studies

Science and technology studies, or science, technology and society studies (both abbreviated STS) is the study of how society, politics, and culture affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society, politics and culture.

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Scientific method

Scientific method is an empirical method of knowledge acquisition, which has characterized the development of natural science since at least the 17th century, involving careful observation, which includes rigorous skepticism about what one observes, given that cognitive assumptions about how the world works influence how one interprets a percept; formulating hypotheses, via induction, based on such observations; experimental testing and measurement of deductions drawn from the hypotheses; and refinement (or elimination) of the hypotheses based on the experimental findings.

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Scientist

A scientist is a person engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge that describes and predicts the natural world.

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Scouting and Guiding in mainland China

Scouting and Guiding in Mainland China was reported as banned (or ceased) with the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC) by the Communist Party since 1949.

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Secondary education

Secondary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale.

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Secondary school

A secondary school is both an organization that provides secondary education and the building where this takes place.

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Senior High School Entrance Examination

The Senior High School Entrance Examination, or commonly known as Zhongkao (中考), is the academic examination held annually in the mainland of the People's Republic of China to distinguish junior high school graduates.

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Shanghai

Shanghai (Wu Chinese) is one of the four direct-controlled municipalities of China and the most populous city proper in the world, with a population of more than 24 million.

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Shenyang

Shenyang, formerly known by its Manchu name Mukden or Fengtian, is the provincial capital and the largest city of Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China, as well as the largest city in Northeast China by urban population.

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Shenzhen

Shenzhen is a major city in Guangdong Province, China.

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Sichuan schools corruption scandal

After the May 12, 2008, earthquake in the Chinese province of Sichuan, there was a series of allegations of corruption against officials involved in the construction of schools in regions affected by the quake.

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Simplified Chinese characters

Simplified Chinese characters are standardized Chinese characters prescribed in the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters for use in mainland China.

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Sino-Soviet split

The Sino-Soviet split (1956–1966) was the breaking of political relations between the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), caused by doctrinal divergences arising from each of the two powers' different interpretation of Marxism–Leninism as influenced by the national interests of each country during the Cold War.

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Siphon

The word siphon (from σίφων "pipe, tube", also spelled syphon) is used to refer to a wide variety of devices that involve the flow of liquids through tubes.

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Social equality

Social equality is a state of affairs in which all people within a specific society or isolated group have the same status in certain respects, including civil rights, freedom of speech, property rights and equal access to certain social goods and services.

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Social justice

Social justice is a concept of fair and just relations between the individual and society.

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Social science

Social science is a major category of academic disciplines, concerned with society and the relationships among individuals within a society.

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Social stratification

Social stratification is a kind of social differentiation whereby a society groups people into socioeconomic strata, based upon their occupation and income, wealth and social status, or derived power (social and political).

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Socialism

Socialism is a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership and democratic control of the means of production as well as the political theories and movements associated with them.

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Socialist Education Movement

The Socialist Education Movement (abbreviated 社教运动 or 社教運動), also known as the Four Cleanups Movement was a movement launched by Mao Zedong in 1963 in the People's Republic of China.

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Some Institutes for Advanced Study

The Some Institutes for Advanced Study (SIAS) consortium organizes nine "institutes for advanced study" founded on the same principles as the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.

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South China Morning Post

The South China Morning Post (also known as SCMP or The Post), with its Sunday edition, the Sunday Morning Post, is a Hong Kong English-language newspaper and Hong Kong's newspaper of record.

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South China University of Technology

South China University of Technology (SCUT;, orally known as Huágōng 华工) is a major public research university in China.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Special education

Special education (also known as special needs education, aided education, exceptional education or Special Ed) is the practice of educating students with an IEP or Section 504 in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs.

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Sport

Sport (British English) or sports (American English) includes all forms of competitive physical activity or games which, through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants, and in some cases, entertainment for spectators.

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Springer Science+Business Media

Springer Science+Business Media or Springer, part of Springer Nature since 2015, is a global publishing company that publishes books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.

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Standard Chinese

Standard Chinese, also known as Modern Standard Mandarin, Standard Mandarin, or simply Mandarin, is a standard variety of Chinese that is the sole official language of both China and Taiwan (de facto), and also one of the four official languages of Singapore.

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Standardized test

A standardized test is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner.

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Stanford University

Stanford University (officially Leland Stanford Junior University, colloquially the Farm) is a private research university in Stanford, California.

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State Administration of Radio and Television

The State Administration of Radio and Television (SART), formerly the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT) and the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television (SAPPRFT), is a ministry-level executive agency directly under the State Council of the People's Republic of China.

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State school

State schools (also known as public schools outside England and Wales)In England and Wales, some independent schools for 13- to 18-year-olds are known as 'public schools'.

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Stipend

A stipend is a form of salary, such as for an internship or apprenticeship.

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Sun Yat-sen

Sun Yat-sen (12 November 1866 – 12 March 1925)Singtao daily.

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Teacher

A teacher (also called a school teacher or, in some contexts, an educator) is a person who helps others to acquire knowledge, competences or values.

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Teachers College, Columbia University

Teachers College, Columbia University (TC or Columbia University Graduate School of Education) is a graduate school of education, health and psychology in New York City.

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Teaching assistant

A teaching assistant or teacher's aide (TA) or education assistant (EA) is an individual who assists a teacher with instructional responsibilities.

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Teaching method

A teaching method comprises the principles and methods used by teachers to enable student learning.

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Technician

A technician is a worker in a field of technology who is proficient in the relevant skill and technique, with a relatively practical understanding of the theoretical principles.

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Technology

Technology ("science of craft", from Greek τέχνη, techne, "art, skill, cunning of hand"; and -λογία, -logia) is first robustly defined by Jacob Bigelow in 1829 as: "...principles, processes, and nomenclatures of the more conspicuous arts, particularly those which involve applications of science, and which may be considered useful, by promoting the benefit of society, together with the emolument of those who pursue them".

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Television

Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black and white), or in colour, and in two or three dimensions and sound.

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Textile

A textile is a flexible material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres (yarn or thread).

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The Boston Globe

The Boston Globe (sometimes abbreviated as The Globe) is an American daily newspaper founded and based in Boston, Massachusetts, since its creation by Charles H. Taylor in 1872.

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The Bund

The Bund or Waitan (Shanghainese: nga3thae1) is a waterfront area in central Shanghai.

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The Chronicle of Higher Education

The Chronicle of Higher Education is a newspaper and website that presents news, information, and jobs for college and university faculty and Student Affairs professionals (staff members and administrators).

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Economist

The Economist is an English-language weekly magazine-format newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited at offices in London.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Harvard Crimson

The Harvard Crimson, the daily student newspaper of Harvard University, was founded in 1873.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The New York Times International Edition

The New York Times International Edition is an English-language newspaper printed at 38 sites throughout the world and sold in more than 160 countries and territories.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.

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Third grade

Third grade (equivalent to Primary 4 in the UK) is a year of primary education in many countries.

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Tianjin

Tianjin, formerly romanized as Tientsin, is a coastal metropolis in northern China and one of the four national central cities of the People's Republic of China (PRC), with a total population of 15,469,500, and is also the world's 11th-most populous city proper.

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Time (magazine)

Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.

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Timothy Brook

Timothy James Brook (Chinese name: 卜正民; born January 6, 1951) is a Canadian historian, sinologist, and writer specializing in the study of China (sinology).

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Traditional Chinese characters

Traditional Chinese characters (Pinyin) are Chinese characters in any character set that does not contain newly created characters or character substitutions performed after 1946.

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Training

Training is teaching, or developing in oneself or others, any skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies.

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Tsinghua University

Tsinghua University (abbreviated THU;; also romanized as Qinghua) is a major research university in Beijing, China and a member of the elite C9 League of Chinese universities.

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Tuition payments

Tuition payments, usually known as tuition in American English and as tuition fees in Commonwealth English, are fees charged by education institutions for instruction or other services.

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Two Million Minutes

2 Million Minutes is a series of documentary films exploring how students in the United States, India, and the People’s Republic of China spend the nominal 2,000,000 minutes of their high school years.

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U.S. News & World Report

U.S. News & World Report is an American media company that publishes news, opinion, consumer advice, rankings, and analysis.

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Undergraduate education

Undergraduate education is the post-secondary education previous to the postgraduate education.

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Unemployment

Unemployment is the situation of actively looking for employment but not being currently employed.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

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United International College

United International College (UIC) located in the Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, southern China, was co-founded by Beijing Normal University and Hong Kong Baptist University as the first full-scale cooperation in higher education between Mainland China and Hong Kong.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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Universal access to education

Universal access to education is the ability of all people to have equal opportunity in education, regardless of their social class, gender, ethnicity background or physical and mental disabilities.

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University

A university (universitas, "a whole") is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in various academic disciplines.

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University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University)The corporate title of the university is The Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the University of Cambridge.

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University of Hong Kong

The University of Hong Kong (often abbreviated as HKU) is a public research university located in Pokfulam, Hong Kong.

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University of Oxford

The University of Oxford (formally The Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford) is a collegiate research university located in Oxford, England.

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Vocational education

Vocational education is education that prepares people to work in various jobs, such as a trade, a craft, or as a technician.

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Wage

A wage is monetary compensation (or remuneration, personnel expenses, labor) paid by an employer to an employee in exchange for work done.

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Weapon

A weapon, arm or armament is any device used with intent to inflict damage or harm.

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Western world

The Western world refers to various nations depending on the context, most often including at least part of Europe and the Americas.

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Work unit

A unit or danwei is the name given to a place of employment in the People's Republic of China.

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Workforce

The workforce or labour force (labor force in American English; see spelling differences) is the labour pool in employment.

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World Bank

The World Bank (Banque mondiale) is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects.

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World energy resources

World energy resources are the estimated maximum capacity for energy production given all available resources on Earth.

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Written Chinese

Written Chinese comprises Chinese characters (汉字/漢字; pinyin: Hànzì, literally "Han characters") used to represent the Chinese language.

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Wuhan

Wuhan is the capital of Hubei province, People's Republic of China.

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Xiamen

Xiamen, formerly romanized as Amoy, is a sub-provincial city in southeastern Fujian province, People's Republic of China, beside the Taiwan Strait.

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Yale University

Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.

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2008 Summer Olympics

The 2008 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and commonly known as Beijing 2008, was an international multi-sport event that was held from 8 to 24 August 2008 in Beijing, China.

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Redirects here:

9-year System, Chinese Education System, Chinese education, Chinese education reform, Chinese education reforms, Chinese educational system, Criticism of education in China, Education for international students in China, Education for overseas students in China, Education in People's Republic of China, Education in china, Education in mainland China, Education in the People's Republic of China, Education in the People's republic of China, Education in the Peoples Republic of China, Education in the people's republic of china, Education reform in China, Education reform in the People's Republic of China, Education reform of China, Education reform of the People's Republic of China, Education reforms in China, Education reforms in the People's Republic of China, Education reforms of China, Education reforms of the People's Republic of China, Literacy in China, Secondary education in China, Study in China, Study in china, Zhongguo Jiaoyu, Zhongwen xue shao, Zhongwen xue xiao.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_China

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