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742 relations: Abazins, Abbas I of Egypt, Abbas II of Egypt, Abbasid Caliphate, Abdallah ibn Tahir al-Khurasani, Abdeen Palace incident of 1942, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Abdel Halim Hafez, Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi, Abdu al-Hamuli, Abu Simbel, AC Milan, Achaemenid Empire, Adly Mansour, Aegean Sea, Africa, Africa Cup of Nations, Africa.com, African Men's Handball Championship, African Union, Afroasiatic languages, AfroBasket, Age of Enlightenment, Ahmadiyya, Ahmed Aboul Gheit, Ahmed Fouad Negm, Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed, Ahmed Urabi, Ahmose I, Akhenaten, Akkadian language, Al Ahly SC, Al-Ahram, Al-Azhar University, Al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya, Al-Maqrizi, Al-Suyuti, Albanians in Egypt, Alexander the Great, Alexandria, Ali Farag, Ali Pasha Mubarak, Alifa Rifaat, Aly Maher Pasha, Amenemhat III, Americas, Amharic, Amnesty International, Amr Diab, Amr ibn al-As, ... Expand index (692 more) »
- 1922 establishments in Africa
- 1922 establishments in Asia
- 1922 establishments in Egypt
- Arab republics
- BRICS nations
- Countries and territories where Arabic is an official language
- Developing 8 Countries member states
- Eastern Mediterranean
- G15 nations
- Member states of the Arab League
- Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean
- Middle Eastern countries
- North African countries
- Saharan countries
- States and territories established in 1922
- West Asian countries
Abazins
The Abazin, Abazinians or Abaza (Abaza and Abkhaz: Абаза; Circassian: Абазэхэр; Абазины; Abazalar; أباظة) are an ethnic group of the Northwest Caucasus, closely related to the Abkhaz and Circassian peoples.
Abbas I of Egypt
Abbas Helmy I of Egypt (also known as Abbas Pasha, عباس الأول, I. 1 July 181213 July 1854) was the Wāli of Egypt and Sudan.
See Egypt and Abbas I of Egypt
Abbas II of Egypt
Abbas Helmy II (also known as ʿAbbās Ḥilmī Pāshā, عباس حلمي باشا; 14 July 1874 – 19 December 1944) was the last Khedive of Egypt and the Sudan, ruling from 8January 1892 to 19 December 1914.
See Egypt and Abbas II of Egypt
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
See Egypt and Abbasid Caliphate
Abdallah ibn Tahir al-Khurasani
Abdallah ibn Tahir (عبدالله طاهر, عبد الله بن طاهر الخراساني) (ca. 798–844/5) was a military leader and the Tahirid governor of Khurasan from 828 until his death.
See Egypt and Abdallah ibn Tahir al-Khurasani
Abdeen Palace incident of 1942
The Abdeen Palace Incident was a military confrontation that took place on 4 February 1942 at Abdeen Palace in Cairo, and almost resulted in the forced abdication of King Farouk I. It is considered a landmark in the history of Egypt.
See Egypt and Abdeen Palace incident of 1942
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
Abd el-Fattah el-Sisi (born 19 November 1954) is an Egyptian politician and retired military officer who has been serving as the sixth and current president of Egypt since 2014.
See Egypt and Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
Abdel Halim Hafez
Abdel Halim Ali Shabana (عبد الحليمعلى شبانه), commonly known as Abdel Halim Hafez (عبد الحليمحافظ) (21 June 1929 – 30 March 1977), was an Egyptian singer, actor, conductor, businessman, music teacher and film producer.
See Egypt and Abdel Halim Hafez
Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi
Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi (translit-std, 11 April 1938 – 21 April 2015) was a popular Egyptian poet, and later a children's books writer.
See Egypt and Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi
Abdu al-Hamuli
Abdu al-Hamuli (عبده الحامولي; 1836 – May 12, 1901) was an Egyptian musician.
Abu Simbel
Abu Simbel is an historic site comprising two massive rock-cut temples in the village of Abu Simbel (أبو سمبل), Aswan Governorate, Upper Egypt, near the border with Sudan.
AC Milan
(), commonly referred to as AC Milan or simply Milan, is an Italian professional football club based in Milan, Lombardy.
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
See Egypt and Achaemenid Empire
Adly Mansour
Adly Mahmoud Mansour (عدلى محمود منصور,; born 23 December 1945) is an Egyptian judge and politician who served as the president (or chief justice) of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt.
Aegean Sea
The Aegean Sea is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia.
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia.
See Egypt and Africa
Africa Cup of Nations
The Africa Cup of Nations, commonly abbreviated as AFCON and officially known as the TotalEnergies Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship reasons, is the main quadrennial international men's association football competition in Africa.
See Egypt and Africa Cup of Nations
Africa.com
Africa.com is an internet media company, launched in 2010 by Teresa Clarke, which provides coverage on topics such as financial, political and cultural news related to Africa.
African Men's Handball Championship
The African Handball Nations Championship is the official competition for senior national handball teams of Africa, and takes place every two years.
See Egypt and African Men's Handball Championship
African Union
The African Union (AU) is a continental union of 55 member states located on the continent of Africa.
Afroasiatic languages
The Afroasiatic languages (or Afro-Asiatic, sometimes Afrasian), also known as Hamito-Semitic or Semito-Hamitic, are a language family (or "phylum") of about 400 languages spoken predominantly in West Asia, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, and parts of the Sahara and Sahel.
See Egypt and Afroasiatic languages
AfroBasket
The AfroBasket (alternatively known as the FIBA Africa Championship, FIBA African Championship, or FIBA AfroBasket) is the men's basketball continental championship contested by the senior national teams of Africa, played once every four years.
Age of Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment (also the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment) was the intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe in the 17th and the 18th centuries.
See Egypt and Age of Enlightenment
Ahmadiyya
Ahmadiyya, officially the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama'at (AMJ) is an Islamic messianic movement originating in British India in the late 19th century. It was founded by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835–1908), who said he had been divinely appointed as both the Promised Mahdi (Guided One) and Messiah expected by Muslims to appear towards the end times and bring about, by peaceful means, the final triumph of Islam; as well as to embody, in this capacity, the expected eschatological figure of other major religious traditions.
Ahmed Aboul Gheit
Ahmed Aboul Gheit (أحمد أبو الغيط, also: Abu al-Ghayt, Abu El Gheyt; born 12 June 1942) is an Egyptian politician and diplomat.
See Egypt and Ahmed Aboul Gheit
Ahmed Fouad Negm
Ahmad Fo'ad Negm (أحمد فؤاد نجم,; 22 May 1929 – 3 December 2013), popularly known as Elfagumi الفاجومي, was an Egyptian vernacular poet.
See Egypt and Ahmed Fouad Negm
Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed
Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed or Aḥmad Luṭfī Sayyid Pasha (15 January 1872 – 5 March 1963) was a prominent Egyptian nationalist, intellectual, anti-colonial activist and the first president of Cairo University.
See Egypt and Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed
Ahmed Urabi
Ahmed Urabi (Arabic: أحمد عرابي; 31 March 1841 – 21 September 1911), also known as Ahmed Ourabi or Orabi Pasha, was an Egyptian military officer. He was the first political and military leader in Egypt to rise from the fellahin (peasantry). Urabi participated in an 1879 mutiny that developed into the ʻUrabi revolt against the administration of Khedive Tewfik, which was under the influence of an Anglo-French consortium.
Ahmose I
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Akhenaten
Akhenaten (pronounced), also spelled Akhenaton or Echnaton (ꜣḫ-n-jtn ʾŪḫə-nə-yātəy,, meaning 'Effective for the Aten'), was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh reigning or 1351–1334 BC, the tenth ruler of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
Akkadian language
Akkadian (translit)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.
See Egypt and Akkadian language
Al Ahly SC
Al Ahly Sporting Club (النادي الأهلي للرياضة البدنية), commonly known as Al Ahly, is an Egyptian professional sports club based in Cairo, Egypt.
Al-Ahram
Al-Ahram (الأهرام), founded on 5 August 1876, is the most widely circulating Egyptian daily newspaper, and the second oldest after Al-Waqa'i' al-Misriyya (The Egyptian Events, founded 1828).
Al-Azhar University
The Al-Azhar University (1) is a public university in Cairo, Egypt.
See Egypt and Al-Azhar University
Al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya
(الجماعة الإسلامية, "Assembly of Islam") is an Egyptian Sunni Islamist movement, and is considered a terrorist organization by the United Kingdom and the European Union, but was removed from the United States list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations in May 2022.
See Egypt and Al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya
Al-Maqrizi
Al-Maqrīzī (المقريزي, full name Taqī al-Dīn Abū al-'Abbās Aḥmad ibn 'Alī ibn 'Abd al-Qādir ibn Muḥammad al-Maqrīzī, تقي الدين أحمد بن علي بن عبد القادر بن محمد المقريزي; 1364–1442) was a medieval Egyptian historian and biographer during the Mamluk era, known for his interest in the Fatimid era, and the earlier periods of Egyptian history.
Al-Suyuti
Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī; 1445–1505), or al-Suyuti, was an Egyptian Sunni Muslim polymath of Persian descent. Considered the mujtahid and mujaddid of the Islamic 10th century, he was a leading muhaddith (hadith master), mufassir (Qu'ran exegete), faqīh (jurist), usuli (legal theorist), sufi (mystic), theologian, grammarian, linguist, rhetorician, philologist, lexicographer and historian, who authored works in virtually every Islamic science.
Albanians in Egypt
The Albanian community in Egypt began with government officials and military personnel appointed in Ottoman Egypt.
See Egypt and Albanians in Egypt
Alexander the Great
Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.
See Egypt and Alexander the Great
Alexandria
Alexandria (الإسكندرية; Ἀλεξάνδρεια, Coptic: Ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ - Rakoti or ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ) is the second largest city in Egypt and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast.
Ali Farag
Ali Amr Farag (born 22 April 1992) is an Egyptian professional squash player.
Ali Pasha Mubarak
Ali Pasha Mubarak (على مبارك, born 1823 or 1824- died on 14 November 1893) was an Egyptian public works and education minister during the second half of the nineteenth century.
See Egypt and Ali Pasha Mubarak
Alifa Rifaat
Fatimah Rifaat (June 5, 1930 – January 1996), better known by her pen name Alifa Rifaat (أليفة رفعت), was an Egyptian author whose controversial short stories are renowned for their depictions of the dynamics of female sexuality, relationships, and loss in rural Egyptian culture.
Aly Maher Pasha
Aly Maher Pasha (علي ماهر باشا; 9 November 1882 – 25 August 1960) was an Egyptian political figure.
Amenemhat III
Amenemhat III (Ancient Egyptian: Ỉmn-m-hꜣt meaning 'Amun is at the forefront'), also known as Amenemhet III, was a pharaoh of ancient Egypt and the sixth king of the Twelfth Dynasty of the Middle Kingdom.
Americas
The Americas, sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North America and South America.
Amharic
Amharic (or; Amarəñña) is an Ethiopian Semitic language, which is a subgrouping within the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages.
Amnesty International
Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom.
See Egypt and Amnesty International
Amr Diab
Amr Abdel Basset Abdel Azeez Diab (عمرو عبد الباسط عبد العزيز دياب,; born 11 October 1961) is an Egyptian singer, composer and actor.
Amr ibn al-As
Amr ibn al-As ibn Wa'il al-Sahmi (translit; 664) was an Arab commander and companion of Muhammad who led the Muslim conquest of Egypt and served as its governor in 640–646 and 658–664. The son of a wealthy Qurayshite, Amr embraced Islam in and was assigned important roles in the nascent Muslim community by the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Amr Shabana
Amr Shabana (born 20 July 1979 in Cairo) is a former professional squash player from Egypt.
Anatolia
Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa.
Ancient Egyptian architecture
Spanning over three thousand years, ancient Egypt was not one stable civilization but in constant change and upheaval, commonly split into periods by historians.
See Egypt and Ancient Egyptian architecture
Ancient Egyptian religion
Ancient Egyptian religion was a complex system of polytheistic beliefs and rituals that formed an integral part of ancient Egyptian culture.
See Egypt and Ancient Egyptian religion
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
Ancient Libya
During the Iron Age and Classical antiquity, Libya (from Greek Λιβύη: Libyē, which came from Berber: Libu) referred to modern-day Africa west of the Nile river.
Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples
Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples or Proto-Semitic people were speakers of Semitic languages who lived throughout the ancient Near East and North Africa, including the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Arabian Peninsula and Carthage from the 3rd millennium BC until the end of antiquity, with some, such as Arabs, Arameans, Assyrians, Jews, Mandaeans, and Samaritans having a continuum into the present day.
See Egypt and Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (السودان الإنجليزي المصري) was a condominium of the United Kingdom and Egypt between 1899 and 1956, corresponding mostly to the territory of present-day South Sudan and Sudan.
See Egypt and Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Anglo-Egyptian treaty of 1936
The Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 (officially, The Treaty of Alliance Between His Majesty, in Respect of the United Kingdom, and His Majesty, the King of Egypt) was a treaty signed between the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Egypt.
See Egypt and Anglo-Egyptian treaty of 1936
Anwar Sadat
Muhammad Anwar es-Sadat (25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the third president of Egypt, from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981.
Apostasy in Islam
Apostasy in Islam (translit or label) is commonly defined as the abandonment of Islam by a Muslim, in thought, word, or through deed.
See Egypt and Apostasy in Islam
Arab Cold War
The Arab Cold War (الحرب العربية الباردة al-ḥarb al-`arabiyyah al-bāridah) was a political rivalry in the Arab world from the early 1950s to the late 1970s and a part of the wider Cold War.
Arab conquest of Egypt
The Arab conquest of Egypt, led by the army of 'Amr ibn al-'As, took place between 639 and 642 AD and was overseen by the Rashidun Caliphate.
See Egypt and Arab conquest of Egypt
Arab Games
The Arab Games (الألعاب العربية), formerly called the Pan-Arab Games, are a regional multi-sport event held between nations from the Arab world.
Arab League
The Arab League (الجامعة العربية), formally the League of Arab States (جامعة الدول العربية), is a regional organization in the Arab world.
Arab Spring
The Arab Spring (ar-rabīʻ al-ʻarabī) or the First Arab Spring (to distinguish from the Second Arab Spring) was a series of anti-government protests, uprisings and armed rebellions that spread across much of the Arab world in the early 2010s.
Arab world
The Arab world (اَلْعَالَمُ الْعَرَبِيُّ), formally the Arab homeland (اَلْوَطَنُ الْعَرَبِيُّ), also known as the Arab nation (اَلْأُمَّةُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ), the Arabsphere, or the Arab states, comprises a large group of countries, mainly located in Western Asia and Northern Africa.
Arab–Israeli conflict
The Arab–Israeli conflict is the phenomenon involving political tension, military conflicts, and other disputes between various Arab countries and Israel, which escalated during the 20th century.
See Egypt and Arab–Israeli conflict
Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَة الْعَرَبِيَّة,, "Arabian Peninsula" or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب,, "Island of the Arabs"), or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate.
See Egypt and Arabian Peninsula
Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
See Egypt and Arabic
Arabic literature
Arabic literature (الأدب العربي / ALA-LC: al-Adab al-‘Arabī) is the writing, both as prose and poetry, produced by writers in the Arabic language.
See Egypt and Arabic literature
Arable land
Arable land (from the arabilis, "able to be ploughed") is any land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.
Arabs
The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.
See Egypt and Arabs
Armenian language
Armenian (endonym) is an Indo-European language and the sole member of the independent branch of the Armenian language family.
See Egypt and Armenian language
Arnaut
Arnaut (ارناود) is a Turkish ethnonym used to denote Albanians.
See Egypt and Arnaut
Art of ancient Egypt
Ancient Egyptian art refers to art produced in ancient Egypt between the 6th millennium BC and the 4th century AD, spanning from Prehistoric Egypt until the Christianization of Roman Egypt.
See Egypt and Art of ancient Egypt
Ashurbanipal
Ashurbanipal (𒀸𒋩𒆕𒀀|translit.
Asia
Asia is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population.
See Egypt and Asia
Assassination of Anwar Sadat
On 6 October 1981, Anwar Sadat, the 3rd President of Egypt, was assassinated during the annual victory parade held in Cairo to celebrate Operation Badr, during which the Egyptian Army had crossed the Suez Canal and taken back the Sinai Peninsula from Israel at the beginning of the Yom Kippur War.
See Egypt and Assassination of Anwar Sadat
Association football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players each, who primarily use their feet to propel a ball around a rectangular field called a pitch.
See Egypt and Association football
Assyria
Assyria (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: x16px, māt Aššur) was a major ancient Mesopotamian civilization which existed as a city-state from the 21st century BC to the 14th century BC, which eventually expanded into an empire from the 14th century BC to the 7th century BC. Egypt and Assyria are eastern Mediterranean.
Aswan
Aswan (also; ʾAswān; Ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲛ) is a city in Southern Egypt, and is the capital of the Aswan Governorate.
See Egypt and Aswan
Aswan Dam
The Aswan Dam, or more specifically since the 1980s, the Aswan High Dam, is one of the world's largest embankment dams, which was built across the Nile in Aswan, Egypt, between 1960 and 1970.
Asyut
AsyutAlso spelled Assiout or Assiut.
See Egypt and Asyut
Atenism
Atenism, also known as the Aten religion, the Amarna religion, and the Amarna heresy, was a religion in ancient Egypt.
Augustus
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (Octavianus), was the founder of the Roman Empire.
Authoritarianism
Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political status quo, and reductions in democracy, separation of powers, civil liberties, and the rule of law.
See Egypt and Authoritarianism
Avaris
Avaris (Egyptian: ḥw.t wꜥr.t, sometimes hut-waret; Auaris; Ávaris; Hawwara) was the Hyksos capital of Egypt located at the modern site of Tell el-Dab'a in the northeastern region of the Nile Delta.
See Egypt and Avaris
Ayman Nour
Ayman Abd El Aziz Nour (أيمن عبد العزيز نور,; born 5 December 1964) is an Egyptian politician, a former member of the Egyptian Parliament, founder and chairman of the El Ghad party.
Ayyubid dynasty
The Ayyubid dynasty (الأيوبيون; Eyûbiyan), also known as the Ayyubid Sultanate, was the founding dynasty of the medieval Sultanate of Egypt established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt.
Badarian culture
The Badarian culture provides the earliest direct evidence of agriculture in Upper Egypt during the Predynastic Era.
See Egypt and Badarian culture
Baghdad
Baghdad (or; translit) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab and in West Asia after Tehran.
Bahariya Oasis
Bahariya Oasis (El-Wāḥāt El-Baḥrīya, "the Northern Oases") is a depression and a naturally rich oasis in the Western Desert of Egypt.
Baháʼí Faith
The Baháʼí Faith is a religion founded in the 19th century that teaches the essential worth of all religions and the unity of all people.
Baladi
Baladi (بلدي; relative-adjective 'of town', 'local', 'rural', comparable to English ''folk'', with a lower-class connotation) can refer to an Egyptian musical style, the folk style of Egyptian bellydance (Raqs Baladi), or the Masmoudi Sogheir rhythm, which is frequently used in baladi music.
See Egypt and Baladi
Baltim
Baltim (بلطيم) is a city in the Kafr El Sheikh Governorate, in the north coast of Egypt.
See Egypt and Baltim
Bangladesh
Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. Egypt and Bangladesh are countries in Asia, developing 8 Countries member states, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and member states of the United Nations.
Barrel (unit)
A barrel is one of several units of volume applied in various contexts; there are dry barrels, fluid barrels (such as the U.K. beer barrel and U.S. beer barrel), oil barrels, and so forth.
Basketball at the Summer Olympics
Basketball at the Summer Olympics has been a sport for men consistently since 1936.
See Egypt and Basketball at the Summer Olympics
Battle of Tell El Kebir
The Battle of Tel El Kebir (often spelled Tel-El-Kebir) was fought on 13 September 1882 at Tell El Kebir in Egypt, 110 km north-north-east of Cairo.
See Egypt and Battle of Tell El Kebir
BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.
BBC Online
BBC Online, formerly known as BBCi, is the BBC's online service.
Beach volleyball
Beach volleyball is a team sport played by two teams of two players each on a sand court divided by a net.
See Egypt and Beach volleyball
Bedouin
The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu (singular) are pastorally nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia (Iraq).
Beja language
Beja (Bidhaawyeet or Tubdhaawi) is an Afroasiatic language of the Cushitic branch spoken on the western coast of the Red Sea by the Beja people.
Beja people
The Beja people (البجا, Oobja, በጃ) are a Cushitic ethnic group native to the Eastern Desert, inhabiting a coastal area from southeastern Egypt through eastern Sudan and into northwestern Eritrea.
Belly dance
Belly dance (oriental dance) is a Middle Eastern dance that originated in Egypt, which features movements of the hips and torso.
Berber languages
The Berber languages, also known as the Amazigh languages or Tamazight, are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.
See Egypt and Berber languages
Berbers
Berbers, or the Berber peoples, also called by their endonym Amazigh or Imazighen, are a diverse grouping of distinct ethnic groups indigenous to North Africa who predate the arrival of Arabs in the Arab migrations to the Maghreb.
Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs
The Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs is an academic research center at Georgetown University in Washington, DC dedicated to the interdisciplinary study of religion, ethics, and politics.
See Egypt and Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs
Biblical Hebrew
Biblical Hebrew (rtl ʿīḇrîṯ miqrāʾîṯ or rtl ləšôn ham-miqrāʾ), also called Classical Hebrew, is an archaic form of the Hebrew language, a language in the Canaanitic branch of the Semitic languages spoken by the Israelites in the area known as the Land of Israel, roughly west of the Jordan River and east of the Mediterranean Sea.
Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
"Bilâdy, Laki ḥobbi wa fuâdy" (بلادي لك حبي وفؤادي; "My homeland, you have my love and my heart"), also known by its incipit, "" (بلادي بلادي بلادي), is the national anthem of Egypt, composed by Sayed Darwish and written by Mohamed Yunis El Qadi.
See Egypt and Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
Biodiversity action plan
A biodiversity action plan (BAP) is an internationally recognized program addressing threatened species and habitats and is designed to protect and restore biological systems.
See Egypt and Biodiversity action plan
Bir Tawil
italic (lit) is a area of land along the border between Egypt and Sudan, which is uninhabited and claimed by neither country.
Black Death
The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Europe from 1346 to 1353.
Blasphemy law in Egypt
The main blasphemy law in Egypt is Article 98(f) of the Egyptian Penal Code.
See Egypt and Blasphemy law in Egypt
Boca Juniors
Club Atlético Boca Juniors, more commonly referred to as simply Boca Juniors, is an Argentine professional sports club based in La Boca, a neighbourhood of Buenos Aires.
Book
A book is a medium for recording information in the form of writing or images.
See Egypt and Book
Boutros Boutros-Ghali
Boutros Boutros-Ghali (Buṭrus Buṭrus Ghālī; 14 November 1922 – 16 February 2016) was an Egyptian politician and diplomat who served as the sixth Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1992 to 1996.
See Egypt and Boutros Boutros-Ghali
BRICS
BRICS is an intergovernmental organization comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Ethiopia, and the United Arab Emirates.
See Egypt and BRICS
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
The Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor Affairs (DRL) is a bureau within the United States Department of State.
See Egypt and Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs
The Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs (NEA), also known as the Bureau of Near East Asian Affairs, is an agency of the Department of State within the United States government that deals with U.S. foreign policy and diplomatic relations with the nations of the Near East.
See Egypt and Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
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Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628
The Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 was the final and most devastating of the series of wars fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Persian Sasanian Empire.
See Egypt and Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628
CAF clubs of the 20th century
On 31 December 2000 the CAF has published that Al Ahly SC is CAF African team of the Century.
See Egypt and CAF clubs of the 20th century
Cairo
Cairo (al-Qāhirah) is the capital of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, and is the country's largest city, being home to more than 10 million people.
See Egypt and Cairo
Cairo derby
The Cairo Derby (ديربي القاهرة) is a rivalry between Egyptian football clubs Zamalek and Al Ahly, arguably the two most successful clubs in Egypt and Africa.
Cairo fire
The Cairo fire, also known as Black Saturday,King 1989, p. 207Goldschmidt & Johnston 2004, p. 83 was a series of riots that took place on 26 January 1952, marked by the burning and looting of some 750 buildings—retail shops, cafes, cinemas, hotels, restaurants, theatres, nightclubs, and the city's Casino Opera —in downtown Cairo.
Cairo International Airport
Cairo International Airport (Maṭār El Qāhira El Dawli) is the principal international airport of Cairo and the largest and busiest airport in Egypt.
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Cairo International Film Festival
The Cairo International Film Festival is an annual internationally accredited film festival held in Cairo Opera House.
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Cairo Metro
The Cairo Metro (Metro Anfāq al-Qāhirah, lit. "Cairo Tunnel Metro" or مترو الأنفاق) is a rapid transit system in Greater Cairo, Egypt.
Cairo Opera House
The Cairo Opera House (دار الأوبرا المصرية, Dār el-Opera el-Masreyya; literally "Egyptian Opera House"), part of Cairo's National Cultural Centre, is the main performing arts venue in the Egyptian capital.
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Cairo University
Cairo University (translit) is Egypt's premier public university.
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Caliphate
A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.
Cambyses II
Cambyses II (translit) was the second King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 530 to 522 BC.
Camp David Accords
The Camp David Accords were a pair of political agreements signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David, the country retreat of the President of the United States in Maryland.
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Capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.
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Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP) is a nonpartisan international affairs think tank headquartered in Washington, D.C., with operations in Europe, South and East Asia, and the Middle East as well as the United States.
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Center for Biological Diversity
The Center for Biological Diversity is a nonprofit membership organization known for its work protecting endangered species through legal action, scientific petitions, creative media and grassroots activism.
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Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics
Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) is the official statistical agency of Egypt that collects, processes, analyzes, and disseminates statistical data and conducts the census.
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Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.
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Cereal
A cereal is a grass cultivated for its edible grain.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. Egypt and China are BRICS nations, countries in Asia and member states of the United Nations.
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China–Egypt relations
People's Republic of China – Egypt relations were established on May 30, 1956.
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Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
Christianity in Egypt
Christianity is the second largest religion in Egypt.
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Christianity in the Middle East
Christianity, which originated in the Middle East during the 1st century AD, is a significant minority religion within the region, characterized by the diversity of its beliefs and traditions, compared to Christianity in other parts of the Old World.
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Christopher Mayhew
Christopher Paget Mayhew, Baron Mayhew (12 June 1915 – 7 January 1997) was a British politician who was a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) from 1945 to 1950 and from 1951 to 1974, when he left the Labour Party to join the Liberals.
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Cinema of Egypt
The Egyptian film industry is today based mainly in Cairo, which is sometimes referred to as Hollywood on the Nile or Hollywood of the East, despite having its beginnings in the city of Alexandria in the early 20th century.
Circassians
The Circassians or Circassian people, also called Cherkess or Adyghe (Adyghe and Adygekher) are a Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation who originated in Circassia, a region and former country in the North Caucasus.
Civil and political rights
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals.
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Civil liberties
Civil liberties are guarantees and freedoms that governments commit not to abridge, either by constitution, legislation, or judicial interpretation, without due process.
Civil service
The civil service is a collective term for a sector of government composed mainly of career civil service personnel hired rather than elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leadership.
Civilization
A civilization (civilisation) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or spoken languages (namely, writing systems and graphic arts).
Classical Arabic
Classical Arabic or Quranic Arabic (the most eloquent classic Arabic) is the standardized literary form of Arabic used from the 7th century and throughout the Middle Ages onwards, having succeeded the Paleo-Arabic script.
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Cleopatra
Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator (Κλεοπάτρα Θεά ΦιλοπάτωρThe name Cleopatra is pronounced, or sometimes in British English, see, the same as in American English.. Her name was pronounced in the Greek dialect of Egypt (see Koine Greek phonology);Also "Thea Neotera", lit.
Climate change
In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system.
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, that started in 1947, two years after the end of World War II, and lasted until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.
Common Era
Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar), the world's most widely used calendar era.
Compound (linguistics)
In linguistics, a compound is a lexeme (less precisely, a word or sign) that consists of more than one stem.
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Confederation
A confederation (also known as a confederacy or league) is a political union of sovereign states or communities united for purposes of common action.
Constans II
Constans II (Kōnstas; 7 November 630 – 15 July 668), also called "the Bearded" (Pogonatus; ho Pōgōnãtos), was the Byzantine emperor from 641 to 668.
Constitution of Egypt
The Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the fundamental law of Egypt.
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Convention on Biological Diversity
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), known informally as the Biodiversity Convention, is a multilateral treaty.
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Coptic art
Coptic art is the Christian art of the Byzantine-Greco-Roman Egypt and of Coptic Christian Churches.
Coptic Catholic Church
The Coptic Catholic Church is an Eastern Catholic particular Church in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church.
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Coptic language
Coptic (Bohairic Coptic) is a group of closely related Egyptian dialects, representing the most recent developments of the Egyptian language, and historically spoken by the Copts, starting from the third century AD in Roman Egypt.
Coptic Orthodox Church
The Coptic Orthodox Church (lit), also known as the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, is an Oriental Orthodox Christian church based in Egypt.
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Copts
Copts (niremənkhēmi; al-qibṭ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group indigenous to North Africa who have primarily inhabited the area of modern Egypt since antiquity.
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Core inflation
Core inflation represents the long run trend in the price level.
Corruption Perceptions Index
The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) is an index that scores and ranks countries by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as assessed by experts and business executives.
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Corvée
Corvée is a form of unpaid forced labour that is intermittent in nature, lasting for limited periods of time, typically only a certain number of days' work each year.
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Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae.
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Council of Chalcedon
The Council of Chalcedon (Concilium Chalcedonense) was the fourth ecumenical council of the Christian Church.
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COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt
The COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
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Cradle of civilization
A cradle of civilization is a location and a culture where civilization was developed independent of other civilizations in other locations.
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Culture
Culture is a concept that encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.
Culture of Egypt
The culture of Egypt has thousands of years of recorded history.
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Cyrene, Libya
Cyrene, also sometimes anglicized as Kyrene, was an ancient Greek colony and Roman city near present-day Shahhat in northeastern Libya in North Africa.
Dahab
Dahab (دهب,, "gold") is a small Egyptian town on the southeast coast of the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, approximately northeast of Sharm el-Sheikh.
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Dakhla Oasis
Dakhla Oasis or Dakhleh Oasis (Egyptian Arabic: الواحات الداخلة,, "the inner oases"), is one of the seven oases of Egypt's Western Desert.
Damietta
Damietta (دمياط; Tamiati) is a port city and the capital of the Damietta Governorate in Egypt.
Daylight saving time in Egypt
Daylight saving time (DST) has been restored and used in Egypt.
See Egypt and Daylight saving time in Egypt
Deep state
A deep state is a type of government made up of potentially secret and unauthorized networks of power operating independently of a state's political leadership in pursuit of their own agenda and goals.
Democracy in Africa
Democracy in Africa is measured according to various definitions of democracy by a variety of indexes, such as V-Dem Democracy indices, and Democracy Index by The Economist.
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Dennis Walters
Sir Dennis Murray Walters (28 November 1928 – 1 October 2021) was a British Conservative Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Westbury from 1964 to 1992.
Denshawai incident
The Denshawai incident is the name given to a dispute which occurred in 1906 between British Army officers and Egyptian villagers in Denshawai, Egypt, which would later become of great significance in the nationalist and anti-colonial consciousness of the Egyptians.
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Deputy prime minister
A deputy prime minister or vice prime minister is, in some countries, a government minister who can take the position of acting prime minister when the prime minister is temporarily absent.
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Desert
A desert is a landscape where little precipitation occurs and, consequently, living conditions create unique biomes and ecosystems.
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Developing country
A developing country is a sovereign state with a less developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
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Diarrhea
Diarrhea (American English), also spelled diarrhoea or diarrhœa (British English), is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements in a day.
Diocletian
Diocletian (Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, Diokletianós; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305.
Dom people
The Dom (also called Domi; دومي / ALA-LC:, دومري /, Ḍom / ضومor دوم, or sometimes also called Doms) are descendants of the Dom caste with origins in the Indian subcontinent which through ancient migrations are found scattered across the Middle East and North Africa, the Eastern Anatolia Region, and parts of the Balkans and Hungary.
Domari language
Domari is an endangered Indo-Aryan language, spoken by Dom people scattered across the Middle East and North Africa.
Donald Trump
Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021.
Dual (grammatical number)
Dual (abbreviated) is a grammatical number that some languages use in addition to singular and plural.
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Dual control (politics)
Dual control is the situation in which a national government agrees to share control of its country with representatives of foreign governments, called controllers, because it is indebted to them.
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Dune
A dune is a landform composed of wind- or water-driven sand.
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Dynasties of ancient Egypt
In ancient Egyptian history, dynasties are series of rulers sharing a common origin.
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Easter
Easter, also called Pascha (Aramaic, Greek, Latin) or Resurrection Sunday, is a Christian festival and cultural holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in the New Testament as having occurred on the third day of his burial following his crucifixion by the Romans at Calvary.
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Economic system
An economic system, or economic order, is a system of production, resource allocation and distribution of goods and services within a society.
Economist Intelligence Unit
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) is the research and analysis division of the Economist Group, providing forecasting and advisory services through research and analysis, such as monthly country reports, five-year country economic forecasts, country risk service reports, and industry reports.
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Economy of the Egyptian Armed Forces
Following the Arab Spring, the military tightened its control of the Egyptian economy.
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Egypt at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics
Egypt participated in the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore.
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Egypt at the 2013 Mediterranean Games
Egypt competed at the 2013 Mediterranean Games in Mersin, Turkey from the 20th to 30 June 2013.
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Egypt at the Olympics
Egypt first participated at the Olympic Games in 1912, and has sent athletes to compete in most editions of the Summer Olympic since then.
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Egypt men's national basketball team
The Egypt national basketball team represents Egypt in international basketball competitions.
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Egypt men's national handball team
The Egyptian national handball team is the national handball team of Egypt, which represents Egypt in international matches.
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Egypt national football team
The Egypt national football team (منتخب مصر لكرة القدم), nicknamed "Pharaohs" (الفراعنة), represents Egypt in men's international football, and is governed by the Egyptian Football Association (EFA), the governing body of football in Egypt.
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Egypt Standard Time
Egypt Standard Time (EGY) (Tawqīt Miṣr al-qiyāsiyy) is UTC+02:00, which is equivalent to Eastern European Time, Central Africa Time, South African Standard Time and Central European Summer Time, and is co-linear with neighbouring Libya and Sudan.
See Egypt and Egypt Standard Time
Egyptair
Egyptair (Maṣr le-ṭ-Ṭayarān) is the state-owned flag carrier of Egypt.
Egypt–Iran relations
Following the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, Iran appointed its first ambassador to Egypt in almost 30 years.
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Egypt–Israel barrier
The Egypt–Israel barrier or Egypt–Israel border fence (lit) refers to a separation barrier built by Israel along its border with Egypt.
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Egypt–Israel peace treaty
The Egypt–Israel peace treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., United States, on 26 March 1979, following the 1978 Camp David Accords.
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Egypt–Israel relations
Egypt–Israel relations are foreign relations between Egypt and Israel.
See Egypt and Egypt–Israel relations
Egypt–Libya border
The Egypt–Libya border (الحدود المصرية الليبية) is 1,115 km (693 mi) in length and runs from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the tripoint with Sudan in the south.
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Egypt–Russia relations
Egypt–Russia relations (Российско-египетские отношения) are the bilateral relations between Egypt and Russia.
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Egypt–Saudi Arabia relations
Historically, relations between the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia could be considered as extending several centuries back to the relations between earlier regimes in Egypt – the highly autonomous Egypt Eyalet in the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Egypt – and the earlier manifestations of Saudi/Wahhabi power in the Arabian Peninsula (Emirate of Diriyah).
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Egypt–Sudan border
The Egypt–Sudan border (الحدود السودانية المصرية) is 1,276 km (793 mi) in length and runs from the tripoint with Libya in the west to the Red Sea in the east.
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Egypt–Turkey relations
Egypt and Turkey are bound by strong religious, cultural and historical ties, but diplomatic ties between the two have remained extremely friendly at times and extremely strained at others.
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Egypt–United Arab Emirates relations
Since the independence of the United Arab Emirates from Britain in 1971, Egypt and the UAE relations (العلاقات المصرية الإماراتية) were always at a good level and developing at an unprecedented rate.
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Egypt–United States relations
Egypt and the United States formally began relations in 1922 after Egypt gained nominal independence from the United Kingdom.
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Egyptian Arabic
Egyptian Arabic, locally known as Colloquial Egyptian (اللغة العامية المصرية.), or simply Masri (also Masry) (مَصرى), is the most widely spoken vernacular Arabic variety in Egypt.
Egyptian Armed Forces
The Egyptian Armed Forces (alquwwat almusalahat almisria, Egyptian (Coptic): ⲠⲐⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛⲕⲏⲙⲓ) are the military forces of the Arab Republic of Egypt.
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Egyptian blue
Egyptian blue, also known as calcium copper silicate (CaCuSi4O10 or CaOCuO(SiO2)4 (calcium copper tetrasilicate)) or cuprorivaite, is a pigment that was used in ancient Egypt for thousands of years.
Egyptian calendar
The ancient Egyptian calendar – a civil calendar – was a solar calendar with a 365-day year.
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Egyptian Constituent Assembly of 2012
The Egyptian Constituent Assembly of 2012 (CA) is the committee for the creation of a new Constitution of Egypt.
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Egyptian Constitution of 1923
The Constitution of 1923 was a constitution of Egypt from 1923–1952.
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Egyptian Constitution of 2012
The Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt was the former fundamental law of Egypt.
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Egyptian Constitutional Declaration of 2011
The Constitutional Declaration of 2011 (also known as the Provisional Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt) was a measure adopted by the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces of Egypt on 30 March 2011.
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Egyptian Crisis (2011–2014)
The Egyptian Crisis was a period that started with the Egyptian revolution of 2011 and ended with beginning of the presidency of Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in 2014.
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Egyptian hieroglyphs
Egyptian hieroglyphs were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt for writing the Egyptian language.
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Egyptian identification card controversy
The Egyptian identification card controversy is a series of events, beginning in the 1990s, that created a de facto state of disenfranchisement for Egyptian Baháʼís, atheists, agnostics, and other Egyptians who did not identify themselves as Muslim, Christian, or Jewish on government identity documents.
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Egyptian language
The Egyptian language, or Ancient Egyptian, is an extinct branch of the Afro-Asiatic languages that was spoken in ancient Egypt.
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Egyptian Museum
The Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, commonly known as the Egyptian Museum (al-Matḥaf al-Miṣrī, Egyptian Arabic) (also called the Cairo Museum), located in Cairo, Egypt, houses the largest collection of Egyptian antiquities in the world.
Egyptian National Military Museum
The Egyptian National Military Museum is the official museum of the Egyptian Army.
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Egyptian National Railways
Egyptian National Railways (ENR; Al-Sikak al-Ḥadīdiyyah al-Miṣriyyah) is the national railway of Egypt and managed by the parastatal Egyptian Railway Authority (ERA; National Agency for Egypt's Railways).
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Egyptian nationalism
Egyptian nationalism is based on Egyptians and Egyptian culture.
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Egyptian pound
The Egyptian pound (جنيه مصرى; abbreviations: £, E£, £E, LE, or EGP in Latin, and ج.م. in Arabic, ISO code: EGP) is the official currency of Egypt.
Egyptian pyramids
The Egyptian pyramids are ancient masonry structures located in Egypt.
See Egypt and Egyptian pyramids
Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council
The Revolutionary Command Council (RCC; Majlis Qiyāda ath-Thawra) was the body established to supervise the Republic of Egypt and Anglo-Egyptian Sudan after the Revolution of 1952.
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Egyptian temple
Egyptian temples were built for the official worship of the gods and in commemoration of the pharaohs in ancient Egypt and regions under Egyptian control.
Egyptians
Egyptians (translit,; translit,; remenkhēmi) are an ethnic group native to the Nile Valley in Egypt.
Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; علمالمصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt.
EgyptSat 1
EgyptSat 1 or MisrSat-1 was Egypt's first Earth remote sensing satellite.
EgyptSat 2
EgyptSat 2 was Egypt's second remote sensing Earth observation satellite.
Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XVIII, alternatively 18th Dynasty or Dynasty 18) is classified as the first dynasty of the New Kingdom of Egypt, the era in which ancient Egypt achieved the peak of its power.
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El Dabaa Nuclear Power Plant
El Dabaa Nuclear Power Plant is the first nuclear power plant planned for Egypt and will be located at El Dabaa, Matrouh Governorate, Egypt, about 320 kilometers northwest of Cairo.
See Egypt and El Dabaa Nuclear Power Plant
El Mahalla El Kubra
El Mahalla El Kubra (المحلة الكبرى) – commonly shortened to – is the largest city of the Gharbia Governorate and in the Nile Delta, with a population of 535,278 as of 2012. It is a large industrial and agricultural city in Egypt, located in the middle of the Nile Delta on the western bank of the Damietta Branch tributary.
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Elections in Egypt
Elections in Egypt are held for the president and a bicameral legislature.
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Emergency law in Egypt
The emergency law in Egypt (Law No. 162/1958) details the framework governing the declaration of a state of emergency in Egypt.
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English language
English is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers, called Anglophones, originated in early medieval England on the island of Great Britain.
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Environmental migrant
Environmental migrants are people who are forced to leave their home region due to sudden or long-term changes to their local or regional environment.
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Eritrea
Eritrea (or; Ertra), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. Egypt and Eritrea are member states of the African Union and member states of the United Nations.
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. Egypt and Ethiopia are BRICS nations, member states of the African Union and member states of the United Nations.
Etisalat by e&
Emirates Telecommunications Group Company PJSC, doing business as etisalat and, is a UAE state-owned telecommunications company.
Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)
The Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile) (also called the Evangelical Presbyterian Church in Egypt, Egyptian: الكنيسة الإنجيلية المشيخية El-Kenisa El-Engileyya El-Mashyykhia) is a Protestant church that started as a mission of the United Presbyterian Church of North America among Coptic Egyptians in the late nineteenth century.
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Faiyum
Faiyum (el-Fayyūm) is a city in Middle Egypt.
See Egypt and Faiyum
Falafel
Falafel (فلافل) is a deep-fried ball or patty-shaped fritter of Egyptian origin, featuring in Middle Eastern cuisine, particularly Levantine cuisines, and is made from broad beans, ground chickpeas, or both.
Famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food caused by several possible factors, including, but not limited to war, natural disasters, crop failure, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies.
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Farafra, Egypt
The Farafra depression (واحة الفرافرة) is a geological depression, the second biggest by size in Western Egypt and the smallest by population, near latitude 27.06° north and longitude 27.97° east.
Fatimid Caliphate
The Fatimid Caliphate or Fatimid Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya) was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty.
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Fédération Internationale de Volleyball
The Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (English: International Volleyball Federation), commonly known by the acronym FIVB, is the international governing body for all forms of volleyball.
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Fellah
A fellah (فَلَّاح; feminine فَلَّاحَة; plural fellaheen or fellahin, فلاحين) is a peasant, usually a farmer or agricultural laborer in the Middle East and North Africa.
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Female genital mutilation
Female genital mutilation (FGM) (also known as female genital cutting, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and female circumcision) is the ritual cutting or removal of some or all of the vulva.
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Feminism
Feminism is a range of socio-political movements and ideologies that aim to define and establish the political, economic, personal, and social equality of the sexes.
FIBA Basketball World Cup
The FIBA Basketball World Cup is an international basketball competition between the senior men's national teams of the members of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA), the sport's global governing body.
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FIFA World Cup
The FIFA World Cup, often called the World Cup, is an international association football competition among the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body.
First Intermediate Period of Egypt
The First Intermediate Period, described as a 'dark period' in ancient Egyptian history, spanned approximately 125 years, c. 2181–2055 BC, after the end of the Old Kingdom.
See Egypt and First Intermediate Period of Egypt
Fishing
Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.
Flag carrier
A flag carrier is a transport company, such as an airline or shipping company, that, being locally registered in a given sovereign state, enjoys preferential rights or privileges accorded by the government for international operations.
Flooding of the Nile
The flooding of the Nile has been an important natural cycle in Nubia and Egypt since ancient times.
See Egypt and Flooding of the Nile
Folk etymology
Folk etymology – also known as (generative) popular etymology, analogical reformation, (morphological) reanalysis and etymological reinterpretation – is a change in a word or phrase resulting from the replacement of an unfamiliar form by a more familiar one through popular usage.
Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership organization and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs.
Fouad Serageddin
Fouad Pasha Serageddin (2 November 1911 – 9 August 2000), was an Egyptian politician and leader of Egypt's Wafd Party.
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Fourth Dynasty of Egypt
The Fourth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty IV) is characterized as a "golden age" of the Old Kingdom of Egypt.
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Free Officers movement (Egypt)
The Free Officers (Ḥarakat al-dubbāṭ al-ʾaḥrār) were a group of revolutionary Egyptian nationalist officers in the Egyptian Armed Forces and Sudanese Armed Forces that instigated the Egyptian revolution of 1952.
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Freedom House
Freedom House is a non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C. It is best known for political advocacy surrounding issues of democracy, political freedom, and human rights.
Freedom in the World
Freedom in the World is a yearly survey and report by the U.S.-based non-governmental organization Freedom House that measures the degree of civil liberties and political rights in every nation and significant related and disputed territories around the world.
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Freedom of religion
Freedom of religion or religious liberty is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance.
See Egypt and Freedom of religion
French First Republic
In the history of France, the First Republic (Première République), sometimes referred to in historiography as Revolutionary France, and officially the French Republic (République française), was founded on 21 September 1792 during the French Revolution.
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French invasion of Egypt and Syria
The French invasion of Egypt and Syria (1798–1801) was an invasion and occupation of the Ottoman territories of Egypt and Syria, by forces of the French First Republic led by Napoleon Bonaparte.
See Egypt and French invasion of Egypt and Syria
French language
French (français,, or langue française,, or by some speakers) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.
Frost
Frost is a thin layer of ice on a solid surface, which forms from water vapor that deposits onto a freezing surface.
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Fuad I of Egypt
Fuad I (فؤاد الأول Fu’ād al-Awwal; 26 March 1868 – 28 April 1936) was the Sultan and later King of Egypt and the Sudan.
Fuad II of Egypt
Fuad II (full name: Ahmed Fuad bin Farouk bin Ahmed Fuad bin Ismail bin Ibrahim bin Muhammad Ali; born 16 January 1952), or alternatively Ahmed Fuad II, is a member of the Egyptian Muhammad Ali dynasty.
See Egypt and Fuad II of Egypt
Ful medames
Ful medames (فول مدمس,; other spellings include ful mudammas and foule mudammes, in Coptic: ⲫⲉⲗ phel or fel), or simply fūl, is a stew of cooked fava beans served with olive oil, cumin, and optionally with chopped parsley, garlic, onion, lemon juice, chili pepper and other vegetables, herbs, and spices.
Fustat
Fustat (translit), also Fostat, was the first capital of Egypt under Muslim rule, and the historical centre of modern Cairo.
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Gamal Abdel Nasser
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein (15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was an Egyptian military officer and politician who served as the second president of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970.
See Egypt and Gamal Abdel Nasser
Gaza–Israel conflict
The Gaza–Israel conflict is a localized part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict beginning in 1948, when 200,000 Palestinians fled or were expelled from their homes, settling in the Gaza Strip as refugees.
See Egypt and Gaza–Israel conflict
Geographer
A geographer is a physical scientist, social scientist or humanist whose area of study is geography, the study of Earth's natural environment and human society, including how society and nature interacts.
George Erskine
General Sir George Watkin Eben James Erskine, (23 August 1899 – 29 August 1965) was a British Army officer from Hascombe, Surrey.
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009.
German language
German (Standard High German: Deutsch) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western and Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol.
Giza
Giza (sometimes spelled Gizah, Gizeh, Geeza, Jiza; al-Jīzah,, الجيزة) is the third-largest city in Egypt by area after Cairo and Alexandria; and fourth-largest city in Africa by population after Kinshasa, Lagos, and Cairo.
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Giza pyramid complex
The Giza pyramid complex (also called the Giza necropolis) in Egypt is home to the Great Pyramid, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure, along with their associated pyramid complexes and the Great Sphinx.
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Global Innovation Index
The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
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Grand Egyptian Museum
The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM; al-Matḥaf al-Maṣriyy al-Kabīr), also known as the Giza Museum, is an archaeological museum under construction in Giza, Egypt, about from the Giza pyramid complex.
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Greek language
Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
Greek Orthodox Church
Greek Orthodox Church (Greek: Ἑλληνορθόδοξη Ἐκκλησία, Ellinorthódoxi Ekklisía) is a term that can refer to any one of three classes of Christian churches, each associated in some way with Greek Christianity, Levantine Arabic-speaking Christians or more broadly the rite used in the Eastern Roman Empire.
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Greeks
The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group and nation native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Anatolia, parts of Italy and Egypt, and to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with many Greek communities established around the world..
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Green Revolution
The Green Revolution, or the Third Agricultural Revolution, was a period of technology transfer initiatives that saw greatly increased crop yields.
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Gulf of Aqaba
The Gulf of Aqaba (Khalīj al-ʿAqaba) or Gulf of Eilat (Mifrátz Eilát) is a large gulf at the northern tip of the Red Sea, east of the Sinai Peninsula and west of the Arabian Peninsula.
Gulf of Suez
The Gulf of Suez (khalīǧ as-suwais; formerly بحر القلزم,, "Sea of Calm") is a gulf at the northern end of the Red Sea, to the west of the Sinai Peninsula.
Hamas government in the Gaza Strip
Hamas has governed the Gaza Strip in Palestine since its takeover of the region from rival party Fatah in June 2007.
See Egypt and Hamas government in the Gaza Strip
Hamdeen Sabahi
Hamdeen Sabahi (Ḥamdīn Ṣabāḥī,; born 5 July 1954) is an Egyptian politician and journalist.
Handball at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Boys' tournament
Handball at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics took place at the Suntec Hall 602 in Singapore.
See Egypt and Handball at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Boys' tournament
Handball at the 2013 Mediterranean Games
The handball tournaments at the 2013 Mediterranean Games in Mersin took place between 22 June and 30 June.
See Egypt and Handball at the 2013 Mediterranean Games
Hassan Fathy
Hassan Fathy (حسن فتحي; March 23, 1900 – November 30, 1989) was a noted Egyptian architect who pioneered appropriate technology for building in Egypt, especially by working to reestablish the use of adobe and traditional mud construction as opposed to western building designs, material configurations, and lay-outs.
Hathor
Hathor (lit, Ἁθώρ, ϩⲁⲑⲱⲣ, Meroitic) was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion who played a wide variety of roles.
See Egypt and Hathor
Hatshepsut
Hatshepsut (BC) was the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Thutmose II and the fifth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, ruling first as regent, then as queen regnant from until (Low Chronology).
Head of state
A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona of a sovereign state.
Headquarters of the Arab League
The Headquarters of the Arab League is located in Tahrir Square and near the downtown business district of Cairo, Egypt.
See Egypt and Headquarters of the Arab League
Health insurance
Health insurance or medical insurance (also known as medical aid in South Africa) is a type of insurance that covers the whole or a part of the risk of a person incurring medical expenses.
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Hellenistic Greece
Hellenistic Greece is the historical period of the country following Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the annexation of the classical Greek Achaean League heartlands by the Roman Republic.
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Hellenistic period
In classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra in 30 BC, which was followed by the ascendancy of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the Roman conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year, which eliminated the last major Hellenistic kingdom.
See Egypt and Hellenistic period
Hesham Qandil
Hesham Mohamed Qandil (also spelled: Hisham Kandil; هشاممحمد قنديل; born 17 September 1962) is an Egyptian engineer and civil servant who was Prime Minister of Egypt from 2012 to 2013.
History of ancient Egypt
The history of ancient Egypt spans the period from the early prehistoric settlements of the northern Nile valley to the Roman conquest of Egypt in 30 BC.
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History of Egypt under Anwar Sadat
The history of Egypt under Anwar Sadat covers the eleven year period of Egyptian history from Anwar Sadat's election as President of Egypt on 15 October 1970, following the death of President Gamal Abdel Nasser, to Sadat's assassination by Islamist fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981.
See Egypt and History of Egypt under Anwar Sadat
History of Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser
The history of Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser covers the period of Egyptian history from the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, of which Gamal Abdel Nasser was one of the two principal leaders, spanning Nasser's presidency of Egypt from 1956 to his death in 1970.
See Egypt and History of Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser
History of Egypt under Hosni Mubarak
The history of Egypt under Hosni Mubarak spans a period of 29 years, beginning with the 1981 assassination of President Anwar Sadat and lasting until the Egyptian revolution of January 2011, when Mubarak was overthrown in a popular uprising as part of the broader Arab Spring movement.
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History of Egypt under the British
The history of Egypt under the British lasted from 1882, when it was occupied by British forces during the Anglo-Egyptian War, until 1956 after the Suez Crisis, when the last British forces withdrew in accordance with the Anglo-Egyptian agreement of 1954.
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History of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty
The history of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty (1805–1953) spanned the later period of Ottoman Egypt, the Khedivate of Egypt under British occupation, and the nominally independent Sultanate of Egypt and Kingdom of Egypt, ending with the Revolution of 1952 and the formation of the Republic of Egypt.
See Egypt and History of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty
History of Persian Egypt
The history of Persian Egypt is divided into two eras following the first Achaemenid conquest of Egypt punctuated by an interval of independence.
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History of the Jews in Egypt
Egyptian Jews constitute both one of the oldest and one of the youngest Jewish communities in the world.
See Egypt and History of the Jews in Egypt
Homosexuality
Homosexuality is sexual attraction, romantic attraction, or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender.
Hosni Mubarak
Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak (4 May 1928 – 25 February 2020) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the fourth president of Egypt from 1981 to 2011.
House arrest
In justice and law, house arrest (also called home confinement, home detention, or, in modern times, electronic monitoring) is a measure by which a person is confined by the authorities to their residence.
House of Representatives (Egypt)
The House of Representatives (Maglis El Nowwab) is the lower house of Egypt's bicameral parliament.
See Egypt and House of Representatives (Egypt)
Human rights in Egypt
Human rights in Egypt are guaranteed by the Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt under the various articles of Chapter 3.
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Hunter-gatherer
A hunter-gatherer or forager is a human living in a community, or according to an ancestrally derived lifestyle, in which most or all food is obtained by foraging, that is, by gathering food from local naturally occurring sources, especially wild edible plants but also insects, fungi, honey, bird eggs, or anything safe to eat, and/or by hunting game (pursuing and/or trapping and killing wild animals, including catching fish).
Hurghada
Hurghada (الغردقة) is a coastal city that serves as the largest city and capital of the Red Sea Governorate of Egypt.
Hussein Kamel of Egypt
Sultan Hussein Kamel (السلطان حسين كامل; 21 November 1853 – 9 October 1917) was the Sultan of Egypt from 19 December 1914 to 9 October 1917, during the British protectorate over Egypt.
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Hussein Sirri Pasha (1894–1960)
Hussein Sirri Pasha (حسين سري باشا; 1894–1960) was an Egyptian politician.
See Egypt and Hussein Sirri Pasha (1894–1960)
Hydropower
Hydropower (from Ancient Greek -, "water"), also known as water power, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines.
Hyksos
The Hyksos (Egyptian ḥqꜣ(w)-ḫꜣswt, Egyptological pronunciation: heqau khasut, "ruler(s) of foreign lands"), in modern Egyptology, are the kings of the Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt (fl. c. 1650–1550 BC).
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Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt
Ibrahim Pasha (إبراهيمباشا Ibrāhīm Bāshā; 1789 – 10 November 1848) was an Egyptian general and politician; he was the commander of both the Egyptian and Ottoman armies and the eldest son of Muhammad Ali, the Wāli and unrecognized Khedive of Egypt and Sudan.
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IHF Beach Handball World Championships
The IHF Beach Handball World Championships is an international beach handball competition contested by the men's and women's national teams of the member federations/associations of International Handball Federation (IHF), the sport's global governing body.
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IHF World Men's Handball Championship
The IHF Men's Handball World Championship has been organized indoor by the International Handball Federation since 1938.
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Ikhshidid dynasty
The Ikhshidid dynasty was a dynasty of Turkic mamluk origin, who ruled Egypt and the Levant from 935 to 969.
See Egypt and Ikhshidid dynasty
Imhotep
Imhotep (ỉỉ-m-ḥtp "(the one who) comes in peace") was an Egyptian chancellor to the Pharaoh Djoser, possible architect of Djoser's step pyramid, and high priest of the sun god Ra at Heliopolis.
Improved water source
An improved water source (or improved drinking-water source or improved water supply) is a term used to categorize certain types or levels of water supply for monitoring purposes.
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Index of Egypt-related articles
Articles related to Egypt include.
See Egypt and Index of Egypt-related articles
Infitah
Infitah (انفتاح, "openness") or Law 43 of 1974 was Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's policy of "opening the door" to private investment in Egypt in the years following the 1973 October War (Yom Kippur War) with Israel.
International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice (ICJ; Cour internationale de justice, CIJ), or colloquially the World Court, is the only international court that adjudicates general disputes between nations, and gives advisory opinions on international legal issues.
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International law
International law (also known as public international law and the law of nations) is the set of rules, norms, and standards that states and other actors feel an obligation to obey in their mutual relations and generally do obey.
See Egypt and International law
International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments, and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability.
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Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. Egypt and Iran are BRICS nations, countries in Asia, developing 8 Countries member states, G15 nations, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
See Egypt and Iran
Iraq
Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia and a core country in the geopolitical region known as the Middle East. Egypt and Iraq are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
See Egypt and Iraq
Isaac Fanous
Isaac Fanous (December 19, 1919 – January 15, 2007) was an Egyptian Copt iconographer, scholar and theologian, who single-handedly founded the most popular style of contemporary Coptic art today, commonly referred to as "Neo-Coptic".
Islam
Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.
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Islam by country
Adherents of Islam constitute the world's second largest religious group.
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Islamism
Islamism (also often called political Islam) refers to a broad set of religious and political ideological movements.
Islamization of Egypt
The Islamization of Egypt occurred after the seventh-century Arab conquest of Egypt, in which the Islamic Rashidun Caliphate seized control of Egypt from the Christian dominated Byzantine Empire.
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Isma'il Pasha of Egypt
Isma'il Pasha (إسماعيل باشا; 12 January 1830 – 2 March 1895), also known as 'Ismail the Magnificent, was the Khedive of Egypt and ruler of Sudan from 1863 to 1879, when he was removed at the behest of Great Britain and France.
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Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia. Egypt and Israel are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, eastern Mediterranean, member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
See Egypt and Israel
Israeli–Palestinian conflict
The Israeli–Palestinian conflict is an ongoing military and political conflict about land and self-determination within the territory of the former Mandatory Palestine.
See Egypt and Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Israeli–Palestinian peace process
Intermittent discussions are held by various parties and proposals put forward in an attempt to resolve the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict through a peace process.
See Egypt and Israeli–Palestinian peace process
Italian language
Italian (italiano,, or lingua italiana) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire.
See Egypt and Italian language
Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs
The Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs (JCPA) is an Israeli think tank specializing in public diplomacy and foreign policy founded in 1976.
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Jewish exodus from the Muslim world
In the 20th century, approximately Jews migrated, fled, or were expelled from Muslim-majority countries throughout Africa and Asia.
See Egypt and Jewish exodus from the Muslim world
Jordan
Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Egypt and Jordan are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
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June 2013 Egyptian protests
The 30 June revolution occurred in Egypt on 30 June 2013, marking the one-year anniversary of Mohamed Morsi's inauguration as president.
See Egypt and June 2013 Egyptian protests
Kafr El Dawwar
Kafr El Dawwar (lit) is a major industrial city and municipality on the Nile Delta in the Beheira Governorate of northern Egypt.
Kelsey Museum of Archaeology
The Kelsey Museum of Archaeology is a museum of archaeology located on the University of Michigan central campus in Ann Arbor, Michigan, in the United States.
See Egypt and Kelsey Museum of Archaeology
Khamsin
Khamsin, chamsin or hamsin (خمسين, meaning "fifty"), more commonly known in Egypt and Palestine as khamaseen (خماسين), is a dry, hot, sandy local wind affecting Egypt and the Levant; similar winds, blowing in other parts of North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the entire Mediterranean basin, have different local names, such as bad-i-sad-o-bist roz in Iran and Afghanistan, haboob in the Sudan, aajej in southern Morocco, ghibli in Tunis, harmattan in the western Maghreb, africo in Italy, sirocco (derived from the Arabic, "eastern") which blows in winter over much of the Middle East,Philologos,, in The Forward, 4 April 2003.
Kharga Oasis
The Kharga Oasis (الخارجة); (ϯ)ⲟⲩⲁϩ ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲃ, "Oasis of Hib", (ϯ)ⲟⲩⲁϩ ⲙ̀ⲯⲟⲓ "Oasis of Psoi") is the southernmost of Egypt's five western oases. It is located in the Western Desert, about 200 km (125 miles) to the west of the Nile valley. "Kharga" or "El Kharga" is also the name of a major town located in the oasis, the capital of New Valley Governorate.
Khedivate of Egypt
The Khedivate of Egypt (or خُدَيْوِيَّةُ مِصْرَ,; خدیویت مصر) was an autonomous tributary state of the Ottoman Empire, established and ruled by the Muhammad Ali Dynasty following the defeat and expulsion of Napoleon Bonaparte's forces which brought an end to the short-lived French occupation of Lower Egypt.
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Kingdom of Egypt
The Kingdom of Egypt (The Egyptian Kingdom) was the legal form of the Egyptian state during the latter period of the Muhammad Ali dynasty's reign, from the United Kingdom's recognition of Egyptian independence in 1922 until the abolition of the monarchy of Egypt and Sudan in 1953 following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952. Egypt and Kingdom of Egypt are 1922 establishments in Africa and states and territories established in 1922.
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Kingdom of Kush
The Kingdom of Kush (Egyptian: 𓎡𓄿𓈙𓈉 kꜣš, Assyrian: Kûsi, in LXX Χους or Αἰθιοπία; ⲉϭⲱϣ Ecōš; כּוּשׁ Kūš), also known as the Kushite Empire, or simply Kush, was an ancient kingdom in Nubia, centered along the Nile Valley in what is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt.
Kingdom of Yemen
The Kingdom of Yemen, officially the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (translit), also known simply as Yemen or, retrospectively, as North Yemen, was a state that existed between 1918 and 1970 in the northwestern part of what is now Yemen.
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Kom Ombo
Kom Ombo (Egyptian Arabic: كومأمبو; Coptic: ⲙ̄ⲃⲱ or ⲛ̄ⲃⲱ; Ancient Greek: Ὄμβοι or Ὄμβος; or Latin: Ambo and Ombi) is an agricultural town in Egypt famous for the Temple of Kom Ombo.
Koshary
Koshary, kushari or koshari (كشرى) is Egypt's national dish and a widely popular street food.
Kuwait
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait, is a country in West Asia. Egypt and Kuwait are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
See Egypt and Kuwait
Lake Nasser
Lake Nasser (بحيرة ناصر) is a vast reservoir in southern Egypt and northern Sudan.
Languages of Egypt
Egyptians speak a continuum of dialects.
See Egypt and Languages of Egypt
Late antiquity
Late antiquity is sometimes defined as spanning from the end of classical antiquity to the local start of the Middle Ages, from around the late 3rd century up to the 7th or 8th century in Europe and adjacent areas bordering the Mediterranean Basin depending on location.
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Legislative assembly
Legislative assembly is the name given in some countries to either a legislature, or to one of its houses.
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Levant
The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia and core territory of the political term ''Middle East''. Egypt and Levant are eastern Mediterranean.
See Egypt and Levant
LGBT rights in Egypt
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Egypt face severe challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents.
See Egypt and LGBT rights in Egypt
Liberalism
Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on the rights of the individual, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality, right to private property and equality before the law.
Libya
Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. Egypt and Libya are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, eastern Mediterranean, member states of the African Union, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, north African countries and Saharan countries.
See Egypt and Libya
Libyan civil war (2014–2020)
The Libyan civil war (2014–2020), also more commonly known as the Second Libyan Civil War, was a multilateral civil war which was fought in Libya between a number of armed groups, but mainly the House of Representatives (HoR) and the Government of National Accord (GNA), for six years from 2014 to 2020.
See Egypt and Libyan civil war (2014–2020)
Libyan Desert
The Libyan Desert (not to be confused with the Libyan Sahara) is a geographical region filling the northeastern Sahara Desert, from eastern Libya to the Western Desert of Egypt and far northwestern Sudan.
Linear B
Linear B is a syllabic script that was used for writing in Mycenaean Greek, the earliest attested form of the Greek language.
Liquefied natural gas
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas (predominantly methane, CH4, with some mixture of ethane, C2H6) that has been cooled down to liquid form for ease and safety of non-pressurized storage or transport.
See Egypt and Liquefied natural gas
List of African countries by GDP (nominal)
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year.
See Egypt and List of African countries by GDP (nominal)
List of African countries by population
This is a list of the current 54 African countries sorted by population, which is sorted by normalized demographic projections from the most recently available census or demographic data.
See Egypt and List of African countries by population
List of countries and dependencies by population
This is a list of countries and dependencies by population.
See Egypt and List of countries and dependencies by population
List of countries by GDP (nominal)
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year.
See Egypt and List of countries by GDP (nominal)
List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency.
See Egypt and List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
List of designated terrorist groups
Several national governments and two international organizations have created lists of organizations that they designate as terrorist.
See Egypt and List of designated terrorist groups
List of transcontinental countries
This is a list of countries with territory that straddles more than one continent, known as transcontinental states or intercontinental states.
See Egypt and List of transcontinental countries
Literary genre
A literary genre is a category of literature.
Lloyd George ministry
Liberal David Lloyd George formed a coalition government in the United Kingdom in December 1916, and was appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom by King George V. It replaced the earlier wartime coalition under H. H. Asquith, which had been held responsible for losses during the Great War.
See Egypt and Lloyd George ministry
Locative case
In grammar, the locative case (abbreviated) is a grammatical case which indicates a location.
Louis Awad
Louis Awad (لويس عوض, el-Minya; 5 January 1915 – 9 September 1990) was an Egyptian intellectual and a writer.
Luxor
Luxor (lit) is a city in Upper Egypt, which includes the site of the Ancient Egyptian city of Thebes.
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Luxor massacre
The Luxor massacre was a terrorist attack that occurred on 17 November 1997 in Egypt.
Mahmoud Mokhtar
Mahmoud Mukhtar (Arabic: محمود مختار) (May 10, 1891 – March 28, 1934) was an Egyptian sculptor.
Major non-NATO ally
A major non-NATO ally (MNNA) is a designation given by the United States government to countries that have strategic working relationships with the U.S. Armed Forces while not being members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
See Egypt and Major non-NATO ally
Malta
Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is an island country in Southern Europe located in the Mediterranean Sea. Egypt and Malta are member states of the Union for the Mediterranean and member states of the United Nations.
See Egypt and Malta
Mamluk
Mamluk or Mamaluk (mamlūk (singular), مماليك, mamālīk (plural); translated as "one who is owned", meaning "slave") were non-Arab, ethnically diverse (mostly Turkic, Caucasian, Eastern and Southeastern European) enslaved mercenaries, slave-soldiers, and freed slaves who were assigned high-ranking military and administrative duties, serving the ruling Arab and Ottoman dynasties in the Muslim world.
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Mamluk Sultanate
The Mamluk Sultanate (translit), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries.
See Egypt and Mamluk Sultanate
Mark Antony
Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire.
Mark the Evangelist
Mark the Evangelist (Koinē Greek: Μᾶρκος, romanized: Mârkos), also known as John Mark (Koinē Greek: Ἰωάννης Μάρκος, romanized: Iōannēs Mârkos; Aramaic: ܝܘܚܢܢ, romanized: Yōḥannān) or Saint Mark, is the person who is traditionally ascribed to be the author of the Gospel of Mark.
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Maronite Church
The Maronite Church (لكنيسة المارونية; ܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܡܪܘܢܝܬܐ) is an Eastern Catholic sui iuris particular church in full communion with the pope and the worldwide Catholic Church, with self-governance under the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches.
Marsa Alam
Marsa Alam (عَلَم, Classical Arabic) is a tourist town in south-eastern Egypt, located on the western shore of the Red Sea.
Masr (domain name)
مصر (romanized as masr) is the internationalized country code top-level domain (IDN ccTLD) in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet for Egypt.
See Egypt and Masr (domain name)
Mass media in Egypt
Mass media in Egypt are highly influential in Egypt and in the Arab World, attributed to its large audience and its historical TV and film industry supplies to the Arab-speaking world.
See Egypt and Mass media in Egypt
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
See Egypt and Mediterranean Sea
Melkite Greek Catholic Church
The Melkite Greek Catholic Church, or Melkite Byzantine Catholic Church, is an Eastern Catholic church in full communion with the Holy See as part of the worldwide Catholic Church.
See Egypt and Melkite Greek Catholic Church
Memphis, Egypt
Memphis (Manf,; Bohairic ⲙⲉⲙϥⲓ; Μέμφις), or Men-nefer, was the ancient capital of Inebu-hedj, the first nome of Lower Egypt that was known as mḥw ("North").
Menes
Menes (mnj, probably pronounced *; Μήνης and Μήν) was a pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period of ancient Egypt, credited by classical tradition with having united Upper and Lower Egypt, and as the founder of the First Dynasty.
See Egypt and Menes
Metropolis
A metropolis is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural area for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications.
Metropolitan area
A metropolitan area or metro is a region consisting of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories which are sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing.
See Egypt and Metropolitan area
Middle East
The Middle East (term originally coined in English Translations of this term in some of the region's major languages include: translit; translit; translit; script; translit; اوْرتاشرق; Orta Doğu.) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.
Middle East and North Africa
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA), also referred to as West Asia and North Africa (WANA) or South West Asia and North Africa (SWANA), is a geographic region which comprises the Middle East and North Africa together.
See Egypt and Middle East and North Africa
Middle French
Middle French (moyen français) is a historical division of the French language that covers the period from the mid-14th to the early 17th century.
Middle Kingdom of Egypt
The Middle Kingdom of Egypt (also known as The Period of Reunification) is the period in the history of ancient Egypt following a period of political division known as the First Intermediate Period.
See Egypt and Middle Kingdom of Egypt
Middle power
A middle power is a state that is not a superpower or a great power, but still exerts influence and plays a significant role in international relations.
Miles Lampson, 1st Baron Killearn
Miles Wedderburn Lampson, 1st Baron Killearn, (24 August 1880 – 18 September 1964) was a British diplomat.
See Egypt and Miles Lampson, 1st Baron Killearn
Military ranks of Egypt
The Military ranks of Egypt are the military insignia used by the Egyptian Armed Forces.
See Egypt and Military ranks of Egypt
Minaret
A minaret (translit, or translit; minare; translit) is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques.
Ministry of Justice (Egypt)
The Ministry of Justice is the justice ministry of the government of Egypt.
See Egypt and Ministry of Justice (Egypt)
Minya, Egypt
MinyaAlso spelled el... or al......Menia,...Minia or...Menya.
Misinformation
Misinformation is incorrect or misleading information.
Modern Standard Arabic
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Modern Written Arabic (MWA) is the variety of standardized, literary Arabic that developed in the Arab world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and in some usages also the variety of spoken Arabic that approximates this written standard.
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Mohamed Fawzi (general)
Mohamed Fawzi (محمد فوزي; 5 March 1915 – 16 February 2000) was an Egyptian general and politician who served as minister of war between 1968 and 1971.
See Egypt and Mohamed Fawzi (general)
Mohamed Morsi
Mohamed Mohamed Morsi Eissa al-AyyatThe spellings of his first and last names vary.
Mohamed Mounir
Mohamed Mounir (محمد منير; born October 10, 1954) is an Egyptian singer and actor, with a musical career spanning more than four decades.
Mohamed Naguib
Major General Mohamed Bey Naguib Youssef Qutb El-Qashlan (محمد بي نجيب يوسف قطب القشلان,; 19 February 1901 – 28 August 1984), also known as Mohamed Naguib, was an Egyptian military officer and revolutionary, who along with Gamal Abdel Nasser, was one of the two principal leaders of the Free Officers movement of 1952 that toppled the monarchy of Egypt and the Sudan (including modern day South Sudan), leading to the establishment of the Republic of Egypt, and the independence of Sudan, and eventually South Sudan in 2010.
Mohamed Salah
Mohamed Salah Hamed Mahrous Ghaly (محمد صلاح حامد محروس غالي,; born 15 June 1992), known as Mohamed Salah or Mo Salah, is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a right winger or forward for the Premier League club Liverpool and captains the Egypt national team.
Mohammed Abdel Wahab
Mohamed Abdel Wahab (محمد عبد الوهاب), also transliterated Mohamed Abd El-Wahhab, (March 13, 1902 – May 4, 1991), was a prominent 20th-century Egyptian singer, actor, and composer.
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Mohammed Hussein Heikal
Mohammed Hussein Heikal (محمد حسين هيكل; August 20, 1888 – December 8, 1956) was an Egyptian writer, journalist, politician.
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Monoculture
In agriculture, monoculture is the practice of growing one crop species in a field at a time.
Monotheism
Monotheism is the belief that one god is the only deity.
Mosque
A mosque, also called a masjid, is a place of worship for Muslims.
See Egypt and Mosque
Mostafa el-Nahas
Mostafa el-Nahas Pasha or Mostafa Nahas (مصطفى النحاس باشا; June 15, 1879 – August 23, 1965) was an Egyptian politician who served as the Prime Minister for five terms.
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Mostafa Madbouly
Mostafa Kamal Madbouly (born 28 April 1966) is the Prime Minister of Egypt, serving since 2018.
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Mount Catherine
Mount Catherine (جبل كاثرين; Όρος της Αγίας Αικατερίνης), locally known as Gabal Katrîne, is the highest mountain in Egypt.
Muhammad Abdel Moneim
Damat Prince Muhammad Abdel Moneim Beyefendi (20 February 1899 – 1 December 1979) was an Egyptian prince and heir apparent to the throne of Egypt and Sudan from 1899 to 1914.
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Muhammad Abduh
Muḥammad ʿAbduh (1849 – 11 July 1905) (also spelled Mohammed Abduh, محمد عبده) was an Egyptian Islamic scholar, judge, and Grand Mufti of Egypt.
Muhammad Ali dynasty
The Muhammad Ali dynasty or the Alawiyya dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Egypt and Sudan from the 19th to the mid-20th century.
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Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Muhammad Ali (4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849) was an Ottoman Albanian governor and military commander who was the de facto ruler of Egypt from 1805 to 1848, considered the founder of modern Egypt.
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Muhammad Ali's rise to power
Muhammad Ali rose to power in Egypt following a long, three-way civil war between the Ottoman Empire, Egyptian Mamluks who had ruled Egypt for centuries, and Albanian mercenaries in the service of the Ottomans.
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Muhammad Hussein Tantawy
Muhammad Hussein Tantawi Soliman (translit; 31 October 1935 – 21 September 2021) was an Egyptian field marshal and politician.
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Muhammad Loutfi Goumah
Muhammad Loutfi Goumah (محمد لطفي جمعة muħammæd lūtfi ǧomʿa; also spelled Mohammed Lotfy Gomaa or Muhammed Lotfy Jouma') (January 18, 1886 Alexandria − June 15, 1953 Cairo), is an Egyptian, essayist, author, and barrister, he studied law and became one of Egypt's most famous lawyers and public speakers.
See Egypt and Muhammad Loutfi Goumah
Mulukhiyah
Mulukhiyah, also known as mulukhiyya, molokhiyya, melokhiyya, or ewédú, is a type of jute plant and a dish made from the leaves of Corchorus olitorius, commonly known in English as jute, jute leaves, jute mallow, nalta jute, or tossa jute.
Music
Music is the arrangement of sound to create some combination of form, harmony, melody, rhythm, or otherwise expressive content.
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Music of Egypt
Music has been an integral part of Egyptian culture since antiquity in Egypt.
Muslim Brotherhood
The Society of the Muslim Brothers (جماعة الإخوان المسلمين), better known as the Muslim Brotherhood (الإخوان المسلمون) is a transnational Sunni Islamist organization founded in Egypt by Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna in 1928.
See Egypt and Muslim Brotherhood
Muslim world
The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah.
Muslims
Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.
Naguib Mahfouz
Naguib Mahfouz Abdelaziz Ibrahim Ahmed Al-Basha (نجيب محفوظ عبد العزيز ابراهيماحمد الباشا,; 11 December 1911 – 30 August 2006) was an Egyptian writer who won the 1988 Nobel Prize in Literature.
Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of successful campaigns across Europe during the Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.
Napoleonic Code
The Napoleonic Code, officially the Civil Code of the French (simply referred to as Code civil), is the French civil code established during the French Consulate in 1804 and still in force in France, although heavily and frequently amended since its inception.
Naqada
Naqada (Egyptian Arabic: نقادة; Coptic language: ⲛⲉⲕⲁⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ; Ancient Greek: Παμπανις, Ancient Egyptian: Nbyt), is a town on the west bank of the Nile in Qena Governorate, Egypt, situated ca.
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Naqada III
Naqada III is the last phase of the Naqada culture of ancient Egyptian prehistory, dating from approximately 3200 to 3000 BC.
Nation's Future Party
The Nation's Future Party, also known as the Future of the Nation Party or Mostaqbal Watan, is an Egyptian political party.
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National Democratic Party (Egypt)
The National Democratic Party (translit), often referred to in Egypt as simply the National Party (translit), was the ruling political party in Egypt from 1978 to 2011.
See Egypt and National Democratic Party (Egypt)
National dish
A national dish is a culinary dish that is strongly associated with a particular country.
National language
A national language is a language (or language variant, e.g. dialect) that has some connection—de facto or de jure—with a nation.
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National Service Products Organization
The National Service Projects Organization (NSPO) manufactures military and civilian products and provide contracting services.
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National sport
A national sport is a physical activity or sport that is culturally significant or deeply embedded in a nation, serving as a national symbol and an intrinsic element to a nation's identity and culture.
Nationalization
Nationalization (nationalisation in British English) is the process of transforming privately-owned assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state.
Natural gas
Natural gas (also called fossil gas, methane gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane (95%) in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes.
Nawal El Saadawi
Nawal Elsaadawi (نوال السعداوى,, 22 October 1931 – 21 March 2021) was an Egyptian feminist writer, activist and physician.
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Nectanebo II
Nectanebo II (Egyptian: Nḫt-Ḥr-Ḥbt; Νεκτανεβώς) was the last native ruler of ancient Egypt, as well as the third and last pharaoh of the Thirtieth Dynasty, reigning from 358 to 340 BC.
Nefertiti
Nefertiti was a queen of the 18th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, the great royal wife of Pharaoh Akhenaten.
Neo-Assyrian Empire
The Neo-Assyrian Empire was the fourth and penultimate stage of ancient Assyrian history.
See Egypt and Neo-Assyrian Empire
Neolithic
The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Greek νέος 'new' and λίθος 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Europe, Asia and Africa.
New Administrative Capital
The New Administrative Capital (NAC) (al-ʿĀṣima al-ʾIdārīya al-Jadīda), is a new urban community in Cairo Governorate, Egypt and a satellite of Cairo City.
See Egypt and New Administrative Capital
New Kingdom of Egypt
The New Kingdom, also referred to as the Egyptian Empire, was the ancient Egyptian state between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC.
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New Testament
The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon.
Nile
The Nile (also known as the Nile River) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa.
See Egypt and Nile
Nile Delta
The Nile Delta (دلتا النيل, or simply الدلتا) is the delta formed in Lower Egypt where the Nile River spreads out and drains into the Mediterranean Sea. Egypt and Nile Delta are eastern Mediterranean.
Nobel Prize in Literature
The Nobel Prize in Literature (here meaning for literature; Nobelpriset i litteratur) is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, "in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction" (original den som inom litteraturen har producerat det utmärktaste i idealisk riktning).
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Nobiin language
Nobiin, also known as Halfawi, Mahas, is a Nubian language of the Nilo-Saharan language family.
Non-Aligned Movement
The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 countries that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc.
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Non-denominational Muslim
Non-denominational Muslims are Muslims who do not belong to, do not self-identify with, or cannot be readily classified under one of the identifiable Islamic schools and branches.
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Non-governmental organization
A non-governmental organization (NGO) (see spelling differences) is an organization that generally is formed independent from government.
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North Africa
North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of the Western Sahara in the west, to Egypt and Sudan's Red Sea coast in the east.
North Yemen civil war
The North Yemen civil war (26 September Revolution) was a civil war fought in North Yemen from 1962 to 1970 between partisans of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom and supporters of the Yemen Arab Republic.
See Egypt and North Yemen civil war
Northern coast of Egypt
The Northern Coast of Egypt (الساحل الشمالي,, North Coast, commonly shortened to "", "The Coast", "The Egyptian Coast") extends for about along the Mediterranean Sea, it covers entirely the northern territory of Egypt.
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Northwest Arabian Arabic
Northwest Arabian Arabic (also called Levantine Bedawi Arabic or Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic) is a proposed subfamily of Arabic encompassing the traditional Bedouin dialects of the Sinai Peninsula, the Negev, Gaza Strip, southern Jordan, and the northwestern corner of Saudi Arabia.
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Nubia
Nubia (Nobiin: Nobīn) is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between the first cataract of the Nile (south of Aswan in southern Egypt) and the confluence of the Blue and White Niles (in Khartoum in central Sudan), or more strictly, Al Dabbah.
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Nubians
Nubians (Nobiin: Nobī) are a Nilo-Saharan speaking ethnic group indigenous to the region which is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt.
Oasis
In ecology, an oasis (oases) is a fertile area of a desert or semi-desert environment.
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Occupation of the Gaza Strip by the United Arab Republic
The 1949 Armistice Agreements, which ended the 1948 Arab–Israeli War by delineating the Green Line as the legal boundary between Israel and the Arab countries, left the Kingdom of Egypt in control of a small swath of territory that it had captured and occupied in the former British Mandate for Palestine: the Gaza Strip.
See Egypt and Occupation of the Gaza Strip by the United Arab Republic
Official language
An official language is a language having certain rights to be used in defined situations.
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Old Kingdom of Egypt
In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning –2200 BC.
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OPEC
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an organization enabling the co-operation of leading oil-producing and oil-dependent countries in order to collectively influence the global oil market and maximize profit.
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Open defecation
Open defecation is the human practice of defecating outside ("in the open") rather than into a toilet.
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
The Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF; sometimes shortened to the Francophonie, La Francophonie, sometimes also called International Organisation of italic in English) is an international organization representing countries and regions where French is a lingua franca or customary language, where a significant proportion of the population are francophones (French speakers), or where there is a notable affiliation with French culture.
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Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC; Munaẓẓamat at-Taʿāwun al-ʾIslāmī; Organisation de la coopération islamique), formerly the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, is an intergovernmental organization founded in 1969.
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Oriental Orthodox Churches
The Oriental Orthodox Churches are Eastern Christian churches adhering to Miaphysite Christology, with approximately 50 million members worldwide.
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Osiris
Osiris (from Egyptian wsjr) is the god of fertility, agriculture, the afterlife, the dead, resurrection, life, and vegetation in ancient Egyptian religion. He was classically depicted as a green-skinned deity with a pharaoh's beard, partially mummy-wrapped at the legs, wearing a distinctive atef crown, and holding a symbolic crook and flail.
See Egypt and Osiris
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
Ottoman Turks
The Ottoman Turks (Osmanlı Türkleri) were a Turkic ethnic group.
Outline of ancient Egypt
The following outline is provided as an overview of a topical guide to ancient Egypt: Ancient Egypt – ancient civilization of eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt.
See Egypt and Outline of ancient Egypt
Outline of Egypt
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Egypt: Egypt (مصر) is a sovereign country located in eastern North Africa that includes the Sinai Peninsula, a land bridge to Asia.
See Egypt and Outline of Egypt
Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods.
Pan-Arabism
Pan-Arabism (al-wiḥda al-ʿarabīyyah) is a pan-nationalist ideology that espouses the unification of all Arab people in a single nation-state, consisting of all Arab countries of West Asia and North Africa from the Atlantic Ocean to the Arabian Sea, which is referred to as the Arab world.
Parliament of Egypt
The Parliament of Egypt is the bicameral legislature of the Arab Republic of Egypt.
See Egypt and Parliament of Egypt
Parliamentary system
A parliamentary system, or parliamentary democracy, is a system of democratic government where the head of government (who may also be the head of state) derives their democratic legitimacy from their ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which they are accountable.
See Egypt and Parliamentary system
Parmouti
Parmouti (Ⲡⲁⲣⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ, Parmoute), also known as Pharmouthi (Φαρμουθί, Pharmouthí) and Barmudah.
Pashons
Pashons (Ⲡⲁϣⲟⲛⲥ), also known as Pachon (Παχών, Pakhṓn) and Bachans.
Pelusium
Pelusium (Ancient Egyptian:; Ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲙⲟⲩⲛ/Ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲙⲟⲩⲏ, romanized:, or Ⲥⲓⲛ, romanized:; sin; Pēlousion; Pēlūsium; Tell el-Farama) was an important city in the eastern extremes of Egypt's Nile Delta, to the southeast of the modern Port Said.
Per Gahrton
Carl Per Gunnar Gahrton (2 February 1943 – 19 September 2023) was a Swedish politician.
Perry–Castañeda Library
The Perry–Castañeda Library (PCL) is the main central library of the University of Texas at Austin library system in Austin, Texas.
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Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf (Fars), sometimes called the (Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in West Asia.
Petroglyph
A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art.
Petubastis III
Seheruibre Padibastet (Ancient Egyptian: shrw-jb-rꜥ pꜣ-dj-bꜣstt) better known by his Hellenised name Petubastis III (or IV, depending on the scholars) was a native ancient Egyptian ruler (ruled c. 522 – 520 BC), who revolted against Persian rule.
Pew Research Center
The Pew Research Center (also simply known as Pew) is a nonpartisan American think tank based in Washington, D.C. It provides information on social issues, public opinion, and demographic trends shaping the United States and the world.
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Pharaoh
Pharaoh (Egyptian: pr ꜥꜣ; ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ|Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: Parʿō) is the vernacular term often used for the monarchs of ancient Egypt, who ruled from the First Dynasty until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Republic in 30 BCE.
Physiological density
The physiological density or real population density is the number of people per unit area of arable land.
See Egypt and Physiological density
Port Said
Port Said (Bōrsaʿīd) is a city that lies in northeast Egypt extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, straddling the west bank of the northern mouth of the Suez Canal.
Power (international relations)
In international relations, power is defined in several different ways.
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Power (social and political)
In political science, power is the social production of an effect that determines the capacities, actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors.
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Presidency of Barack Obama
Barack Obama's tenure as the 44th president of the United States began with his first inauguration on January 20, 2009, and ended on January 20, 2017.
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President of Egypt
The president of the Arab Republic of Egypt (رئيس جمهورية مصر العربية.) is the executive head of state of Egypt and the de facto appointee of the official head of government under the Egyptian Constitution of 2014.
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President of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.
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Prime Minister of Egypt
The prime minister of Egypt, sometimes referred to as "Minister-President of Egypt" and "President of the Government", is the head of the Egyptian government.
See Egypt and Prime Minister of Egypt
Protectorate
A protectorate, in the context of international relations, is a state that is under protection by another state for defence against aggression and other violations of law.
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.
Psamtik III
Psamtik III (Ancient Egyptian:, pronounced), known by the Graeco-Romans as Psammetichus or Psammeticus (Ancient Greek: Ψαμμήτιχος), or Psammenitus (Ancient Greek: Ψαμμήνιτος), was the last Pharaoh of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt from 526 BC to 525 BC.
Ptolemaic dynasty
The Ptolemaic dynasty (Πτολεμαῖοι, Ptolemaioi), also known as the Lagid dynasty (Λαγίδαι, Lagidai; after Ptolemy I's father, Lagus), was a Macedonian Greek royal house which ruled the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Ancient Egypt during the Hellenistic period.
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Ptolemaic Kingdom
The Ptolemaic Kingdom (Ptolemaïkḕ basileía) or Ptolemaic Empire was an Ancient Greek polity based in Egypt during the Hellenistic period.
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Ptolemy I Soter
Ptolemy I Soter (Πτολεμαῖος Σωτήρ, Ptolemaîos Sōtḗr "Ptolemy the Savior"; c. 367 BC – January 282 BC) was a Macedonian Greek general, historian, and successor of Alexander the Great who went on to found the Ptolemaic Kingdom centered on Egypt and led by his progeny from 305 BC – 30 BC.
Public university
A public university or public college is a university or college that is owned by the state or receives significant funding from a government.
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Pyramid of Djoser
The pyramid of Djoser (or Djeser and Zoser), sometimes called the Step Pyramid of Djoser, is an archaeological site in the Saqqara necropolis, Egypt, northwest of the ruins of Memphis.
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Qasim Amin
Qasim Amin (قاسمأمين; 1 December 1863 – 12 April 1908)Political and diplomatic history of the Arab world, 1900-1967, Menahem Mansoor was an Egyptian jurist, Islamic Modernist and one of the founders of the Egyptian national movement and Cairo University.
Qere and Ketiv
Qere and Ketiv (from the Aramaic qere or q're,, " read"; ketiv, or ketib, kethib, kethibh, kethiv,, " written") refers to a system for marking differences between what is written in the consonantal text of the Hebrew Bible, as preserved by scribal tradition, and what is read.
Rabaa massacre
On 14 August 2013, the Egyptian police (and to a lesser extent the armed forces), under the command of then-Defense Minister Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, used lethal force to “disperse” two camps of protesters in Cairo: one at al-Nahda Square and a larger one at Rabaa al-Adawiya Square.
Ramesses II
Ramesses II (rꜥ-ms-sw), commonly known as Ramesses the Great, was an Egyptian pharaoh.
Ramses Wissa Wassef
Ramses Wissa Wassef (1911–1974) was an Egyptian Coptic architect and professor of art and architecture at the College of Fine Arts in Cairo and founder of the Ramses Wissa Wassef Art Centre.
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Ramy Ashour
Ramy Mohamed Ashour (born September 30, 1987, in Cairo, Egypt), known as Ramy Ashour, is a retired professional squash player from Egypt.
Raqs sharqi
Raqs sharqi (رقص شرقي,; literally "oriental dancing") is the classical Egyptian style of belly dance that developed during the first half of the 20th century.
Ras Sedr
Ras Sedr is an Egyptian town located on the Gulf of Suez and the Red Sea coast.
Rassam cylinder
The Rassam cylinder is a cuneiform cylinder, forming a prism with ten faces, written by Neo-Assyrian king Ashurbanipal in 643 BCE.
Reconnaissance satellite
A reconnaissance satellite or intelligence satellite (commonly, although unofficially, referred to as a spy satellite) is an Earth observation satellite or communications satellite deployed for military or intelligence applications.
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Red Sea
The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.
Red Sea Riviera
The Red Sea Riviera, Egypt's eastern coastline along the Red Sea, consists of resort cities on the western shore of the Gulf of Aqaba and along the eastern coast of mainland Egypt, south of the Gulf of Suez.
Refugees of the Syrian civil war in Egypt
Egypt, which does not border Syria, became a major destination for Syrian refugees since 2012 following the election of Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi, who was a critic of Bashar al-Assad in the Syrian Civil War.
See Egypt and Refugees of the Syrian civil war in Egypt
Regional power
In international relations, regional power, since the late 20thcentury has been used for a sovereign state that exercises significant power within its geographical region.
Religion in Egypt
Religion in Egypt controls many aspects of social life and is endorsed by law.
See Egypt and Religion in Egypt
Remittance
A remittance is a non-commercial transfer of money by a foreign worker, a member of a diaspora community, or a citizen with familial ties abroad, for household income in their home country or homeland.
Reporters Without Borders
Reporters Without Borders (RWB; Reporters sans frontières; RSF) is an international non-profit and non-governmental organization focused on safeguarding the right to freedom of information.
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Republic of Egypt (1953–1958)
The Republic of Egypt was a state created in 1953 under the rule of Mohammed Naguib following the Egyptian revolution of 1952 in which the Kingdom of Egypt's Muhammad Ali dynasty came to an end.
See Egypt and Republic of Egypt (1953–1958)
Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party, also known as the GOP (Grand Old Party), is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States.
See Egypt and Republican Party (United States)
Reuters
Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.
Rifa'a at-Tahtawi
Rifa'a Rafi' at-Tahtawi (translit; 1801–1873) was an Egyptian writer, teacher, translator, Egyptologist, and intellectual of the Nahda (the Arab renaissance).
See Egypt and Rifa'a at-Tahtawi
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
Routledge
Routledge is a British multinational publisher.
Sa'id of Egypt
Mohamed Sa'id Pasha (محمد سعيد باشا, Mehmed Said Paşa, March 17, 1822 – January 17, 1863) was the Wāli of Egypt and Sudan from 1854 until 1863, officially owing fealty to the Ottoman Sultan but in practice exercising virtual independence.
Saad Zaghloul
Saad Zaghloul Pasha (سعد زغلول /; also Sa'd Zaghloul Pasha ibn Ibrahim) (July 1857 – 23 August 1927) was an Egyptian revolutionary and statesman.
Saʽidi Arabic
Ṣaʽīdi Arabic (autonym: صعيدى), or Upper Egyptian Arabic, is a variety of Arabic spoken by the Upper Egyptians in the area that is South/Upper Egypt, a strip of land on both sides of the Nile that extends from Aswan and downriver (northwards) to Lower Egypt.
Safaga
Port Safaga, also known as Safaga (سفاجا), is a town in Egypt, on the coast of the Red Sea, located south of Hurghada.
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Sahara
The Sahara is a desert spanning across North Africa.
See Egypt and Sahara
Salafi movement
The Salafi movement or Salafism is a revival movement within Sunni Islam, which was formed as a socio-religious movement during the late 19th century and has remained influential in the Islamic world for over a century.
Salah Jahin
Muhammad Salah Eldin Bahgat Ahmad Helmy (محمد صلاح الدين بهجت أحمد حلمى), known as "Salah Jaheen" or "Salah Jahin" (صلاح چاهين; December 25, 1930 – April 21, 1986) was a leading Egyptian poet, lyricist, playwright and cartoonist.
Salama Moussa
Salama Moussa (or Musa; 4 February 1887 – 4 August 1958) (سلامه موسى) was an Egyptian journalist, writer and political theorist.
Sanitary sewer
A sanitary sewer is an underground pipe or tunnel system for transporting sewage from houses and commercial buildings (but not stormwater) to a sewage treatment plant or disposal.
Sasanian Egypt
Sasanian Egypt (known in Middle Persian sources as Agiptus) refers to the brief rule of Egypt and parts of Libya by the Sasanian Empire, following the Sasanian conquest of Egypt.
Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.
Satrap
A satrap was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires.
See Egypt and Satrap
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in West Asia and the Middle East. Egypt and Saudi Arabia are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
Sayed Darwish
Sayed Darwish (سيد درويش,; 17 March 1892 – 14 September 1923) was an Egyptian singer and composer who was considered the father of Egyptian popular music and one of Egypt's greatest musicians and seen by some as its single greatest composer.
Second Intermediate Period of Egypt
The Second Intermediate Period dates from 1700 to 1550 BC.
See Egypt and Second Intermediate Period of Egypt
Second Syrian Republic
The Second Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic from 1950 to 1958 and the Syrian Arab Republic from 1961 to 1963, succeeded the First Syrian Republic that had become de facto independent in April 1946 from the French Mandate.
See Egypt and Second Syrian Republic
Secretary-General of the United Nations
The secretary-general of the United Nations (UNSG or UNSECGEN) is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations.
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Secularism
Secularism is the principle of seeking to conduct human affairs based on naturalistic considerations, uninvolved with religion.
Semi-presidential republic
A semi-presidential republic, or dual executive republic, is a republic in which a president exists alongside a prime minister and a cabinet, with the latter two being responsible to the legislature of the state.
See Egypt and Semi-presidential republic
Semitic languages
The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.
See Egypt and Semitic languages
Senate (Egypt)
The Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Egypt since its introduction in the 2019 Egyptian constitutional referendum and the subsequent 2020 Egyptian Senate election.
Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, also known as the Seven Wonders of the World or simply the Seven Wonders, is a list of seven notable structures present during classical antiquity.
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Sham Ennessim
Sham Ennessim (شمالنسيم, Sham Al Nassim or Sham an-Nassim; Egyptian Arabic: Sham Ennesim) is an Egyptian national festival marking the beginning of spring, as it originates from the ancient Egyptian Shemu festival.
Sharia
Sharia (sharīʿah) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and hadith.
See Egypt and Sharia
Sharm El Sheikh
Sharm El Sheikh (شرمالشيخ,, literally "bay of the Sheikh"), alternatively rendered Sharm el-Sheikh, Sharm el Sheikh, or Sharm El-Sheikh, is an Egyptian city on the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula, in South Sinai Governorate, on the coastal strip along the Red Sea.
Shia Islam
Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.
Sidi Barrani
Sidi Barrani (سيدي براني) is a town in Egypt, near the Mediterranean Sea, about east of the Egypt–Libya border, and around from Tobruk, Libya.
Sinai Peninsula
The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (سِينَاء; سينا; Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia.
Siwa Oasis
The Siwa Oasis (واحة سيوة) is an urban oasis in Egypt.
Siwi language
Siwi (also known as Siwan or Siwa Berber; native name) is the easternmost Berber language, spoken in the western Egyptian desert by an estimated 15,000 to 20,000 people in the oases of Siwa and Gara, near the Libyan border.
Siwi people
The Siwi people or Siwan people, are a Berber ethnic group of about 25,000 native to Egypt's Siwa and Qara oases.
Six-Day War
The Six-Day War, also known as the June War, 1967 Arab–Israeli War or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between Israel and a coalition of Arab states (primarily Egypt, Syria, and Jordan) from 5 to 10 June 1967.
Snow
Snow comprises individual ice crystals that grow while suspended in the atmosphere—usually within clouds—and then fall, accumulating on the ground where they undergo further changes.
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Society
A society is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction or a large social group sharing the same spatial or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
Soil fertility
Soil fertility refers to the ability of soil to sustain agricultural plant growth, i.e. to provide plant habitat and result in sustained and consistent yields of high quality.
Somalia
Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. Egypt and Somalia are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, member states of the African Union, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and member states of the United Nations.
South Sudan
South Sudan, officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East Africa. Egypt and South Sudan are member states of the African Union and member states of the United Nations.
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. Egypt and Soviet Union are states and territories established in 1922.
Sphinx
A sphinx (σφίγξ,; phíx,; or sphinges) is a mythical creature with the head of a human, the body of a lion, and the wings of an eagle.
See Egypt and Sphinx
Spoken language
A spoken language is a language produced by articulate sounds or (depending on one's definition) manual gestures, as opposed to a written language.
Squash (sport)
Squash, sometimes called squash rackets, is a racket-and-ball sport played by two (singles) or four players (doubles) in a four-walled court with a small, hollow, rubber ball.
St. Martin's Press
St.
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Standard of living
Standard of living is the level of income, comforts and services available to an individual, community or society.
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State of Palestine
Palestine, officially the State of Palestine, is a country in the southern Levant region of West Asia, encompassing the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip, within the larger historic Palestine region. Egypt and State of Palestine are arab republics, countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, eastern Mediterranean, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
See Egypt and State of Palestine
State religion
A state religion (also called official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state.
Statelessness
In international law, a stateless person is someone who is "not considered as a national by any state under the operation of its law".
Stock market
A stock market, equity market, or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include securities listed on a public stock exchange as well as stock that is only traded privately, such as shares of private companies that are sold to investors through equity crowdfunding platforms.
Strabo
StraboStrabo (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed.
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Straits of Tiran
The Straits of Tiran (مضيق تيران) are the narrow sea passages between the Sinai and Arabian peninsulas that connect the Gulf of Aqaba and the Red Sea.
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Studio Misr
Studio Misr (Eng: "Egypt Studio"), also known as Studios Misr, is a film studio established in Giza, Egypt, in 1935 by the economist Talaat Harb.
Sudan
Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. Egypt and Sudan are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, member states of the African Union, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, north African countries and Saharan countries.
See Egypt and Sudan
Sudanese Arabic
Sudanese Arabic, also referred to as the Sudanese dialect, Colloquial Sudanese or locally as Common Sudanese refers to the various related varieties of Arabic spoken in Sudan as well as parts of Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Chad.
Sudanese refugees in Egypt
There are tens of thousands of Sudanese refugees in Egypt, most of them seeking refuge from ongoing military conflicts in their home country of Sudan.
See Egypt and Sudanese refugees in Egypt
Suez
Suez (as-Suways) is a seaport city (population of about 700,000) in north-eastern Egypt, located on the north coast of the Gulf of Suez on the Red Sea, near the southern terminus of the Suez Canal, and is the capital of the Suez Governorate.
See Egypt and Suez
Suez Canal
The Suez Canal (قَنَاةُ ٱلسُّوَيْسِ) is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia (and by extension, the Sinai Peninsula from the rest of Egypt).
Suez Canal Area Development Project
The Suez Canal Corridor Area Project (مشروع تطوير محور قناة السويس.) was a megaproject in Egypt that was launched on 5 August 2014 by President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and was completed in 2015.
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Suez Crisis
The Suez Crisis or the Second Arab–Israeli War, also referred to as the Tripartite Aggression in the Arab world and as the Sinai War in Israel, was a British–French–Israeli invasion of Egypt in 1956.
Sufism
Sufism is a mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic purification, spirituality, ritualism and asceticism.
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Sultan
Sultan (سلطان) is a position with several historical meanings.
See Egypt and Sultan
Sultanate of Egypt
The Sultanate of Egypt was a British protectorate in Egypt which existed from 1914, after the outbreak of World War I, to 1922, when it ceased to exist as a result of the Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence.
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Summer Olympic Games
The Summer Olympic Games, also known as the Games of the Olympiad, is a major international multi-sport event normally held once every four years.
See Egypt and Summer Olympic Games
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.
Supreme Constitutional Court (Egypt)
The Supreme Constitutional Court (المحكمة الدستورية العليا, Al Mahkama Al Dustūrīya El ‘Ulyā) is an independent judicial body in Egypt, located in the Cairo suburb of Maadi.
See Egypt and Supreme Constitutional Court (Egypt)
Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF; المجلس الأعلى للقوات المسلحة,, also Higher Council of the Armed Forces) is a statutory body of between 20 and 25 senior officers of the Egyptian Armed Forces, and is headed by Field Marshal Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and Lieutenant General Mohamed Ahmed Zaki.
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Susa
Susa (Middle translit; Middle and Neo-translit; Neo-Elamite and Achaemenid translit; Achaemenid translit; شوش; שׁוּשָׁן; Σοῦσα; ܫܘܫ; 𐭮𐭥𐭱𐭩 or 𐭱𐭥𐭮; 𐏂𐎢𐏁𐎠) was an ancient city in the lower Zagros Mountains about east of the Tigris, between the Karkheh and Dez Rivers in Iran.
See Egypt and Susa
Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. Egypt and Syria are arab republics, countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, eastern Mediterranean, member states of the Arab League, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
See Egypt and Syria
Syro-Lebanese in Egypt
The Syro-Lebanese of Egypt (شواممصر, transliterated: Shawam Masr) (Syro-Libanais d'Egypte), also known as Levantine-Egyptians or Syro-Egyptians, are an ethnic minority group in Egypt.
See Egypt and Syro-Lebanese in Egypt
Taha Hussein
Taha Hussein (طه حسين; November 15, 1889 – October 28, 1973) was among the most influential 20th-century Egyptian writers and intellectuals, and a leading figure of the Arab Renaissance and the modernist movement in the Arab world.
Tahrir Square
Tahrir Square (Maydān at-Taḥrīr,; "Liberation Square"), also known as Martyr Square, is a public town square in downtown Cairo, Egypt.
Talaat Harb
Talaat Harb Pacha (طلعت حرب باشا; 25 November 1867 – 13 August 1941) was a leading Egyptian entrepreneur and founder of Banque Misr, and its group of companies, in May 1920.
Tariqa
A tariqa is a religious order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking, which translates as "ultimate truth".
See Egypt and Tariqa
Tawfiq al-Hakim
Tawfiq al-Hakim or Tawfik el-Hakim (توفيق الحكيم,; October 9, 1898 – July 26, 1987) was a prominent Egyptian writer and visionary.
Tax law
Tax law or revenue law is an area of legal study in which public or sanctioned authorities, such as federal, state and municipal governments (as in the case of the US) use a body of rules and procedures (laws) to assess and collect taxes in a legal context.
Tax revenue
Tax revenue is the income that is collected by governments through taxation.
Telephone numbers in Egypt
20 is the international dialing country code for Egypt.
See Egypt and Telephone numbers in Egypt
Tennis
Tennis is a racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).
See Egypt and Tennis
Thanaweya Amma
Thanaweya Amma (Arabic: ثانوية عامة) is series of standardized tests in Egypt that lead to the General Secondary Education Certificate for public secondary schools and serves as the entrance examination for Egyptian public universities.
The Daily Telegraph
The Daily Telegraph, known online and elsewhere as The Telegraph, is a British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed in the United Kingdom and internationally.
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The Diplomat
The Diplomat is an international online news magazine covering politics, society, and culture in the Indo-Pacific region.
The Economist
The Economist is a British weekly newspaper published in printed magazine format and digitally.
The Economist Democracy Index
The Democracy Index published by the Economist Group is an index measuring the quality of democracy across the world.
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The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
The Independent
The Independent is a British online newspaper.
The New York Times
The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.
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The World Factbook
The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.
See Egypt and The World Factbook
Thebes, Egypt
Thebes (طيبة, Θῆβαι, Thēbai), known to the ancient Egyptians as Waset (Arabic: وسط), was an ancient Egyptian city located along the Nile about south of the Mediterranean.
Third Dynasty of Egypt
The Third Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty III) is the first dynasty of the Old Kingdom.
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Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt
The Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXX, alternatively 30th Dynasty or Dynasty 30) is usually classified as the fifth Dynasty of the Late Period of ancient Egypt.
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Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt
The Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXXI, alternatively 31st Dynasty or Dynasty 31), also known as the Second Egyptian Satrapy, was effectively a satrapy of the Achaemenid Persian Empire between 343 BC to 332 BC.
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Thomson Reuters Foundation
Thomson Reuters Foundation is a London-based charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, a Canadian news conglomerate.
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Thutmose III
Thutmose III (variously also spelt Tuthmosis or Thothmes), sometimes called Thutmose the Great, was the sixth pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty.
Tigrinya language
Tigrinya (ትግርኛ,; also spelled Tigrigna) is an Ethio-Semitic language commonly spoken in Eritrea and in northern Ethiopia's Tigray Region by the Tigrinya and Tigrayan peoples.
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Tombos (Nubia)
Tombos or Tumbus is an archaeological site in northern Sudan, including Tombos island and the nearby riverbank area.
Torture
Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for reasons including punishment, extracting a confession, interrogation for information, intimidating third parties, or entertainment.
Trial in absentia
Trial in absentia is a criminal proceeding in a court of law in which the person being tried is not present.
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Tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group.
See Egypt and Tribe
Tulunids
The Tulunids, were a Mamluk dynasty of Turkic origin who were the first independent dynasty to rule Egypt, as well as much of Syria, since the Ptolemaic dynasty.
Tunis
Tunis (تونس) is the capital and largest city of Tunisia.
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Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.
Turkish people
Turkish people or Turks (Türkler) are the largest Turkic people who speak various dialects of the Turkish language and form a majority in Turkey and Northern Cyprus.
Tutankhamun
Tutankhamun or Tutankhamen, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who ruled during the late Eighteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt. Born Tutankhaten, he was likely a son of Akhenaten, thought to be the KV55 mummy. His mother was identified through DNA testing as The Younger Lady buried in KV35; she was a full sister of her husband.
Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt
The Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXVII, alternatively 27th Dynasty or Dynasty 27), also known as the First Egyptian Satrapy, was a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire between 525 and 404 BC.
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Umar
Umar ibn al-Khattab (ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634, when he succeeded Abu Bakr as the second caliph, until his assassination in 644.
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Umm Kulthum
Umm Kulthum (4 May 1904 – 3 February 1975) was an Egyptian singer, songwriter, and film actress active from the 1920s to the 1970s. She was given the honorific title ("Star of the Orient"). Immensely popular throughout the Arab World, Kulthum is a national icon in her native Egypt; she has been dubbed "The Voice of Egypt" and "Egypt's Fourth Pyramid".
Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence
The Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence on 28 February 1922 was the formal legal instrument by which the United Kingdom recognised Egypt as an independent sovereign state.
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United Arab Republic
The United Arab Republic (UAR; translit) was a sovereign state in the Middle East from 1958 until 1961. Egypt and United Arab Republic are arab republics.
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United Arab States
The United Arab States (UAS, اتحاد الدول العربية) was a short-lived confederation of the United Arab Republic (Egypt and Syria) and the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (North Yemen) from 1958 to 1961.
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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a sovereign state in Northwestern Europe that was established by the union in 1801 of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland.
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United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.
United Nations Development Programme
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development.
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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is a United Nations agency mandated to aid and protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities, and stateless people, and to assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country.
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United States
The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. Egypt and United States are member states of the United Nations.
United States Commission on International Religious Freedom
The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) is a U.S. federal government commission created by the International Religious Freedom Act (IRFA) of 1998.
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United States foreign aid
United States foreign aid, also known as US foreign assistance consists of a variety of tangible and intangible forms of assistance the United States gives to other countries.
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United States Foreign Military Financing
The United States Foreign Military Financing (FMF) program provides grants and loans to friendly foreign governments to fund the purchase of American weapons, defense equipment, services and training.
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University of Michigan
The University of Michigan (U-M, UMich, or simply Michigan) is a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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University of Texas at Austin
The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin, UT, or Texas) is a public research university in Austin, Texas.
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University of Texas Press
The University of Texas Press (or UT Press) is a university press that is part of the University of Texas at Austin.
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Upper and Lower Egypt
In Egyptian history, the Upper and Lower Egypt period (also known as The Two Lands) was the final stage of prehistoric Egypt and directly preceded the unification of the realm.
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Upper Egypt
Upper Egypt (صعيد مصر, shortened to الصعيد,, locally) is the southern portion of Egypt and is composed of the Nile River valley south of the delta and the 30th parallel N. It thus consists of the entire Nile River valley from Cairo south to Lake Nasser (formed by the Aswan High Dam).
V-Dem Democracy Indices
The Democracy Indices by V-Dem are democracy indices published by the V-Dem Institute that describe qualities of different democracies.
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Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire had a number of tributary and vassal states throughout its history.
See Egypt and Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire
Verso Books
Verso Books (formerly New Left Books) is a left-wing publishing house based in London and New York City, founded in 1970 by the staff of New Left Review (NLR) and includes Tariq Ali and Perry Anderson on its board of directors.
Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (born 7 October 1952) is a Russian politician and former intelligence officer who is the president of Russia.
Wafd Party
The Wafd Party (حزب الوفد, Ḥizb al-Wafd) was a nationalist liberal political party in Egypt.
War on terror
The war on terror, officially the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT), is a global counterterrorist military campaign initiated by the United States following the September 11 attacks and is the most recent global conflict spanning multiple wars.
Water supply
Water supply is the provision of water by public utilities, commercial organisations, community endeavors or by individuals, usually via a system of pumps and pipes.
West Asia
West Asia, also called Western Asia or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost region of Asia.
World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
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World Intellectual Property Organization
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO; Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle (OMPI)) is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN).
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World Press Freedom Index
The World Press Freedom Index (WPFI) is an annual ranking of countries compiled and published by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) since 2002 based upon the organization's own assessment of the countries' press freedom records in the previous year.
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World War I
World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.
World Youth Forum
World Youth Forum is an international NGO founded in 2017, based in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt.
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Yom Kippur War
The Yom Kippur War, also known as the Ramadan War, the October War, the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, or the Fourth Arab–Israeli War, was an armed conflict fought from 6 to 25 October 1973, between Israel and a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria.
Zagazig
Zagazig (الزقازيق, rural) is a city in Egypt.
Zamalek SC
Zamalek Sporting Club (نادي الزمالك للألعاب الرياضية), commonly referred to as Zamalek, is an Egyptian sports club based in Giza, Egypt.
Zaynab (novel)
Muhammad Husayn Haykal's novel Zaynab, published in 1913, is often considered to be the "first" Arabic novel.
Zewail City of Science, Technology and Innovation
Zewail City of Science, Technology and Innovation is a nonprofit, independent institution of learning, research and innovation.
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.eg
.eg is the Latin alphabet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Egypt.
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10th millennium BC
The 10th millennium BC spanned the years 10,000 BC to 9001 BC (c. 12 ka to c. 11 ka).
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1919 Egyptian revolution
The Egyptian revolution of 1919 (Thawra 1919) was a nation-wide revolution in the Sultanate of Egypt against British occupation which lasted from November 1918 to July 1919.
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1923–24 Egyptian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in two stages in Egypt in 1923 and 1924, the first since nominal independence from the United Kingdom in 1922.
See Egypt and 1923–24 Egyptian parliamentary election
1928 Summer Olympics
The 1928 Summer Olympics (Olympische Zomerspelen 1928), officially the Games of the IX Olympiad (Spelen van de IXe Olympiade), was an international multi-sport event that was celebrated from 28 July to 12 August 1928 in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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1948 Arab–Israeli War
The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, also known as the First Arab–Israeli War, followed the civil war in Mandatory Palestine as the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war.
See Egypt and 1948 Arab–Israeli War
1951 Mediterranean Games
The 1951 Mediterranean Games, officially known as the I Mediterranean Games, and commonly known as Alexandria 1951, were the 1st Mediterranean Games.
See Egypt and 1951 Mediterranean Games
1952 Egyptian revolution
The Egyptian revolution of 1952 (ثورة 23 يوليو), also known as the 1952 coup d'état (انقلاب 1952) and 23 July Revolution, was a period of profound political, economic, and societal change in Egypt.
See Egypt and 1952 Egyptian revolution
1953 Arab Games
The 1st Arab Games were held in Alexandria, Egypt, between 26 July and 10 August 1953.
1964 Summer Olympics
The, officially the and commonly known as Tokyo 1964 (東京1964), were an international multi-sport event held from 10 to 24 October 1964 in Tokyo, Japan.
See Egypt and 1964 Summer Olympics
1965 Arab Games
The 4th Arab Games, a regional multi-sport event held in Arab countries, were held in Cairo, Egypt between September 2 and September 14, 1965.
1977 Egyptian bread riots
The Egyptian "bread riots" of 1977 (intifāḍhat-ul-khobz, “The Bread Intifada”) were a spontaneous uprising against the increase in commodities' prices on the 18th and 19th of January after the Egyptian government cut subsidies for basic foodstuff.
See Egypt and 1977 Egyptian bread riots
1977 visit by Anwar Sadat to Israel
On 19–21 November 1977, President of Egypt Anwar Sadat visited Jerusalem.
See Egypt and 1977 visit by Anwar Sadat to Israel
1986 Egyptian conscripts riot
On 25 February 1986 around 25,000 conscripts of the Central Security Forces (CSF), an Egyptian paramilitary force, staged violent protests in and around Cairo.
See Egypt and 1986 Egyptian conscripts riot
1991 All-Africa Games
The 5th All-Africa Games (الألعاب الإفريقية الخامس), also known as Cairo 1991 (القاهرة 1991), were held from September 20 to October 1, 1991, in Cairo, Egypt.
See Egypt and 1991 All-Africa Games
1999 World Men's Handball Championship
The 1999 World Men's Handball Championship was the 16th edition of the World Championship in team handball.
See Egypt and 1999 World Men's Handball Championship
2001 FIFA World Youth Championship
The 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship took place in Argentina between 17 June and 8 July 2001.
See Egypt and 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship
2004 Beach Handball World Championships
The 2004 Beach Handball World Championships are a nine-team tournament in both men's and women's beach handball, held at El Gouna in Egypt in 2004.
See Egypt and 2004 Beach Handball World Championships
2007 Arab Games
The 11th Arab Games took place in Cairo, Egypt from 11 – 26 November 2007.
2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup
The 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the 17th edition of the FIFA U-20 World Cup, which was hosted by Egypt from 24 September to 16 October 2009.
See Egypt and 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup
2011 Egyptian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Egypt on 19 March 2011, following the 2011 Egyptian revolution.
See Egypt and 2011 Egyptian constitutional referendum
2011 Egyptian revolution
The 2011 Egyptian revolution, also known as the 25 January Revolution (translit), began on 25 January 2011 and spread across Egypt.
See Egypt and 2011 Egyptian revolution
2011–12 Egyptian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Egypt from 28 November 2011 to 11 January 2012, following the revolution that ousted President Hosni Mubarak, after which the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) dissolved Parliament.
See Egypt and 2011–12 Egyptian parliamentary election
2012 Egyptian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Egypt in two rounds on 15 and 22 December 2012.
See Egypt and 2012 Egyptian constitutional referendum
2012 Egyptian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Egypt in 2012, with the first round on 23 and 24 May 2012 and the second on 16 and 17 June.
See Egypt and 2012 Egyptian presidential election
2012–2013 Egyptian protests
The 2012–2013 Egyptian protests (sometimes called the Hirak Uprising) were part of the crisis in Egypt including the June 2013 protests, the July 2013 coup d'état, and part of the post-coup unrest.
See Egypt and 2012–2013 Egyptian protests
2013 Egyptian coup d'état
The 2013 Egyptian coup d'etat took place on 3 July 2013.
See Egypt and 2013 Egyptian coup d'état
2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Egypt on 14 and 15 January 2014, with Egyptians abroad voting between 8 and 12 January.
See Egypt and 2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum
2014 Egyptian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Egypt between 26 and 28 May 2014.
See Egypt and 2014 Egyptian presidential election
2015 Egyptian parliamentary election
Egyptian parliamentary elections to the House of Representatives were held in two phases, from 17 October to 2 December 2015.
See Egypt and 2015 Egyptian parliamentary election
2016 United States presidential election
The 2016 United States presidential election was the 58th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016.
See Egypt and 2016 United States presidential election
2017 Sinai mosque attack
At 1:50 PM EET on 24 November 2017, the al-Rawda mosque was attacked by roughly 40 gunmen during Friday prayers.
See Egypt and 2017 Sinai mosque attack
2018 Egyptian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Egypt between 26 and 28 March 2018, though Egyptians abroad voted from 16 to 18 March 2018.
See Egypt and 2018 Egyptian presidential election
2018 FIFA World Cup
The 2018 FIFA World Cup was the 21st FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for national football teams organized by FIFA.
See Egypt and 2018 FIFA World Cup
2018–2020 CAVB Beach Volleyball Continental Cup
The 2018–2020 CAVB Beach Volleyball Continental Cup were a beach volleyball double-gender event.
See Egypt and 2018–2020 CAVB Beach Volleyball Continental Cup
2019 Egyptian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Egypt between 20 and 22 April 2019, The main proposed amendments were re-establishing the presidential term to six years, from four previously, and removing the limit of two terms on the president, thereby allowing President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi to potentially remain in power until 2030.
See Egypt and 2019 Egyptian constitutional referendum
2019 Men's World Team Squash Championships
The 2019 Men's World Team Squash Championships was the 26th edition of world men's team championship for squash players.
See Egypt and 2019 Men's World Team Squash Championships
2020 Egyptian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Egypt on 24–25 October and 7–8 November 2020 to elect the House of Representatives.
See Egypt and 2020 Egyptian parliamentary election
2021 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2021 IHF World Men's Handball Championship was the 27th event hosted by the International Handball Federation and held in Egypt from 13 to 31 January 2021.
See Egypt and 2021 World Men's Handball Championship
22nd parallel north
The 22nd parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 22 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
See Egypt and 22nd parallel north
25th meridian east
The meridian 25° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
See Egypt and 25th meridian east
32nd parallel north
The 32nd parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 32 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
See Egypt and 32nd parallel north
35th meridian east
The meridian 35° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
See Egypt and 35th meridian east
6th of October Panorama
The 6th of October War Panorama is a museum and memorial to the 1973 October war, located in Heliopolis, Cairo.
See Egypt and 6th of October Panorama
See also
1922 establishments in Africa
- Ascension Island
- British Cameroon
- Colony of Niger
- Egypt
- Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile
- Juba
- Kingdom of Egypt
- Order of the Queen of Sheba
- Ruanda-Urundi
- Southern Cameroons
- Tanganyika Territory
1922 establishments in Asia
- Anti-Mui Tsai Society
- Egypt
- Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile
- Saudi Arabian–Iraqi neutral zone
- Saudi Arabian–Kuwaiti neutral zone
- Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
1922 establishments in Egypt
Arab republics
- Algeria
- All-Palestine Protectorate
- Arab Islamic Republic
- Ba'athist Iraq
- Democratic Republic of Yemen
- Egypt
- Federation of Arab Republics
- Iraqi Republic (1958–1968)
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- South Yemen
- State of Palestine
- Syria
- Union of Arab Republics (1972)
- United Arab Republic
- Yemen
- Yemen Arab Republic
BRICS nations
- Brazil
- China
- Egypt
- Ethiopia
- India
- Iran
- Member states of BRICS
- Russia
- South Africa
- United Arab Emirates
Countries and territories where Arabic is an official language
- Algeria
- Bahrain
- Chad
- Comoros
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Iraq
- Israel
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Libya
- List of countries and territories where Arabic is an official language
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Morocco
- Oman
- Qatar
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- Saudi Arabia
- Somalia
- Somaliland
- State of Palestine
- Sudan
- Syria
- Tunisia
- United Arab Emirates
- Western Sahara
- Yemen
- Zanzibar
Developing 8 Countries member states
- Bangladesh
- D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation
- Egypt
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Malaysia
- Nigeria
- Pakistan
- Turkey
Eastern Mediterranean
- 2002 Eastern Mediterranean event
- Assyria
- Assyrian homeland
- Buddhism and the Roman world
- Cyprus
- EMME
- East Mediterranean Gas Forum
- Eastern Mediterranean
- Eastern Mediterranean Activities Conference
- Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
- Eastern Mediterranean Optical System 1
- Eastern Mediterranean University
- Eastern Mediterranean conifer–sclerophyllous–broadleaf forests
- Egypt
- Fertile Crescent
- Fleet coinage (Mark Antony)
- Hatay Province
- Iraqi Kurdistan
- Israel
- Khabur (Euphrates)
- Lebanon
- Levant
- Libya
- Mashriq
- McGhee Center for Eastern Mediterranean Studies
- Mediterranean–Dead Sea Canal
- Near East
- Nile Delta
- Northern Cyprus
- Salvia fruticosa
- Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests
- State of Palestine
- Syria
- Syrian Desert
- Syrian Kurdistan
- Turkey
- WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
- Wild edible plants of Israel and Palestine
G15 nations
- Algeria
- Argentina
- Brazil
- Chile
- Egypt
- India
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Jamaica
- Kenya
- Malaysia
- Mexico
- Nigeria
- Senegal
- Sri Lanka
- Venezuela
- Zimbabwe
Member states of the Arab League
- Algeria
- Bahrain
- Comoros
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Iraq
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Libya
- Mauritania
- Member states of the Arab League
- Morocco
- Oman
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- Somalia
- Sudan
- Syria
- Syrian opposition
- Tunisia
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen
Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean
- Albania
- Algeria
- Austria
- Belgium
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Denmark
- Egypt
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Israel
- Italy
- Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Latvia
- Lebanon
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Monaco
- Montenegro
- Morocco
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Tunisia
- Turkey
Middle Eastern countries
- Bahrain
- Cyprus
- Egypt
- Iran
- Iraq
- Israel
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Northern Cyprus
- Oman
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- State of Palestine
- Syria
- Turkey
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen
North African countries
- Algeria
- Egypt
- Libya
- Mauritania
- Morocco
- Portugal
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- Spain
- Sudan
- Tunisia
- Western Sahara
Saharan countries
- Algeria
- Chad
- Egypt
- Libya
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Morocco
- Niger
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- Sudan
- Tunisia
- Western Sahara
States and territories established in 1922
- Adyghe Autonomous Oblast
- Altai Republic
- Arzachena
- Ascension Island
- Bačka Oblast
- Belgrade Oblast
- Bihać Oblast
- Bitola Oblast
- Cala di Volpe
- Chechen Autonomous Oblast
- Chechnya and Ingushetia in the Soviet Union
- Colony of Niger
- Egypt
- Fascist Italy
- Federated Shan States
- Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast
- Irish Free State
- Kamchatka Governorate
- Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast
- Kingdom of Egypt
- Kingdom of Kurdistan
- Komi (Zyryan) Autonomous Oblast
- Maribor Oblast
- Osijek Oblast
- Ruanda-Urundi
- Sakha Republic
- South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast
- Soviet Union
- Sucumbíos Triangle
- Syrian Federation
- Syrmia Oblast
- Territoire de Belfort
- Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
- Travnik Oblast
- Vrbas Oblast
- Wilno Land
- Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Zagreb Oblast
West Asian countries
- Abkhazia
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Cyprus
- Egypt
- Georgia (country)
- Iran
- Iraq
- Israel
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Middle Eastern countries
- Northern Cyprus
- Oman
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- South Ossetia
- State of Palestine
- Syria
- Turkey
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen
References
Also known as A .R . EGYPT, A.R. Egypt, AR Egypt, Arab Republic Of Egypt, Biodiversity in Egypt, EGY, Egipt, Egpyt, Egypt (country), Egypt (name), Egypt State Information Service, Egypt State Information Services, Egypt, Arab Rep., Égypte, Egyptian First Republic, Egyptian Republic, Ejipt, Ejypt, Etymology of Egypt, Eygpt, Eypt, Eytp, First Egyptian Republic, First Republic of Egypt, Freedom of the press in Egypt, Gift of the Nile, Gomhoreyet Maṣr El ʿArabeya, ISO 3166-1:EG, Jumhuriyat Misr al'Arabiyah, Kemmet, Kimet, Miṣr, Muṣur, Name of Egypt, Names of Egypt, Republic of Egypt, Republic of Eygpt, Second Egyptian Republic, State of Egypt, The Arab Republic of Egypt, جمهورية مصر العربية, جمهورية مصرالعربية, جمهوريّة مصرالعربيّة, مصر.
, Amr Shabana, Anatolia, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egyptian architecture, Ancient Egyptian religion, Ancient Greek, Ancient Libya, Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian treaty of 1936, Anwar Sadat, Apostasy in Islam, Arab Cold War, Arab conquest of Egypt, Arab Games, Arab League, Arab Spring, Arab world, Arab–Israeli conflict, Arabian Peninsula, Arabic, Arabic literature, Arable land, Arabs, Armenian language, Arnaut, Art of ancient Egypt, Ashurbanipal, Asia, Assassination of Anwar Sadat, Association football, Assyria, Aswan, Aswan Dam, Asyut, Atenism, Augustus, Authoritarianism, Avaris, Ayman Nour, Ayyubid dynasty, Badarian culture, Baghdad, Bahariya Oasis, Baháʼí Faith, Baladi, Baltim, Bangladesh, Barrel (unit), Basketball at the Summer Olympics, Battle of Tell El Kebir, BBC News, BBC Online, Beach volleyball, Bedouin, Beja language, Beja people, Belly dance, Berber languages, Berbers, Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, Biblical Hebrew, Bilady, Bilady, Bilady, Biodiversity action plan, Bir Tawil, Black Death, Blasphemy law in Egypt, Boca Juniors, Book, Boutros Boutros-Ghali, BRICS, British Empire, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628, CAF clubs of the 20th century, Cairo, Cairo derby, Cairo fire, Cairo International Airport, Cairo International Film Festival, Cairo Metro, Cairo Opera House, Cairo University, Caliphate, Cambyses II, Camp David Accords, Capital punishment, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Center for Biological Diversity, Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, Central Intelligence Agency, Cereal, China, China–Egypt relations, Christianity, Christianity in Egypt, Christianity in the Middle East, Christopher Mayhew, Cinema of Egypt, Circassians, Civil and political rights, Civil liberties, Civil service, Civilization, Classical Arabic, Cleopatra, Climate change, Cold War, Common Era, Compound (linguistics), Confederation, Constans II, Constitution of Egypt, Convention on Biological Diversity, Coptic art, Coptic Catholic Church, Coptic language, Coptic Orthodox Church, Copts, Core inflation, Corruption Perceptions Index, Corvée, Cotton, Council of Chalcedon, COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt, Cradle of civilization, Culture, Culture of Egypt, Cyrene, Libya, Dahab, Dakhla Oasis, Damietta, Daylight saving time in Egypt, Deep state, Democracy in Africa, Dennis Walters, Denshawai incident, Deputy prime minister, Desert, Developing country, Diarrhea, Diocletian, Dom people, Domari language, Donald Trump, Dual (grammatical number), Dual control (politics), Dune, Dynasties of ancient Egypt, Easter, Economic system, Economist Intelligence Unit, Economy of the Egyptian Armed Forces, Egypt at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics, Egypt at the 2013 Mediterranean Games, Egypt at the Olympics, Egypt men's national basketball team, Egypt men's national handball team, Egypt national football team, Egypt Standard Time, Egyptair, Egypt–Iran relations, Egypt–Israel barrier, Egypt–Israel peace treaty, Egypt–Israel relations, Egypt–Libya border, Egypt–Russia relations, Egypt–Saudi Arabia relations, Egypt–Sudan border, Egypt–Turkey relations, Egypt–United Arab Emirates relations, Egypt–United States relations, Egyptian Arabic, Egyptian Armed Forces, Egyptian blue, Egyptian calendar, Egyptian Constituent Assembly of 2012, Egyptian Constitution of 1923, Egyptian Constitution of 2012, Egyptian Constitutional Declaration of 2011, Egyptian Crisis (2011–2014), Egyptian hieroglyphs, Egyptian identification card controversy, Egyptian language, Egyptian Museum, Egyptian National Military Museum, Egyptian National Railways, Egyptian nationalism, Egyptian pound, Egyptian pyramids, Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council, Egyptian temple, Egyptians, Egyptology, EgyptSat 1, EgyptSat 2, Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, El Dabaa Nuclear Power Plant, El Mahalla El Kubra, Elections in Egypt, Emergency law in Egypt, English language, Environmental migrant, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Etisalat by e&, Europe, Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile), Faiyum, Falafel, Famine, Farafra, Egypt, Fatimid Caliphate, Fédération Internationale de Volleyball, Fellah, Female genital mutilation, Feminism, FIBA Basketball World Cup, FIFA World Cup, First Intermediate Period of Egypt, Fishing, Flag carrier, Flooding of the Nile, Folk etymology, Foreign Affairs, Fouad Serageddin, Fourth Dynasty of Egypt, Free Officers movement (Egypt), Freedom House, Freedom in the World, Freedom of religion, French First Republic, French invasion of Egypt and Syria, French language, Frost, Fuad I of Egypt, Fuad II of Egypt, Ful medames, Fustat, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Gaza–Israel conflict, Geographer, George Erskine, George W. Bush, German language, Giza, Giza pyramid complex, Global Innovation Index, Grand Egyptian Museum, Greek language, Greek Orthodox Church, Greeks, Green Revolution, Gulf of Aqaba, Gulf of Suez, Hamas government in the Gaza Strip, Hamdeen Sabahi, Handball at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Boys' tournament, Handball at the 2013 Mediterranean Games, Hassan Fathy, Hathor, Hatshepsut, Head of state, Headquarters of the Arab League, Health insurance, Hellenistic Greece, Hellenistic period, Hesham Qandil, History of ancient Egypt, History of Egypt under Anwar Sadat, History of Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser, History of Egypt under Hosni Mubarak, History of Egypt under the British, History of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty, History of Persian Egypt, History of the Jews in Egypt, Homosexuality, Hosni Mubarak, House arrest, House of Representatives (Egypt), Human rights in Egypt, Hunter-gatherer, Hurghada, Hussein Kamel of Egypt, Hussein Sirri Pasha (1894–1960), Hydropower, Hyksos, Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, IHF Beach Handball World Championships, IHF World Men's Handball Championship, Ikhshidid dynasty, Imhotep, Improved water source, Index of Egypt-related articles, Infitah, International Court of Justice, International law, International Monetary Fund, Iran, Iraq, Isaac Fanous, Islam, Islam by country, Islamism, Islamization of Egypt, Isma'il Pasha of Egypt, Israel, Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Israeli–Palestinian peace process, Italian language, Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, Jewish exodus from the Muslim world, Jordan, June 2013 Egyptian protests, Kafr El Dawwar, Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, Khamsin, Kharga Oasis, Khedivate of Egypt, Kingdom of Egypt, Kingdom of Kush, Kingdom of Yemen, Kom Ombo, Koshary, Kuwait, Lake Nasser, Languages of Egypt, Late antiquity, Latin, Legislative assembly, Levant, LGBT rights in Egypt, Liberalism, Libya, Libyan civil war (2014–2020), Libyan Desert, Linear B, Liquefied natural gas, List of African countries by GDP (nominal), List of African countries by population, List of countries and dependencies by population, List of countries by GDP (nominal), List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita, List of designated terrorist groups, List of transcontinental countries, Literary genre, Lloyd George ministry, Locative case, Louis Awad, Luxor, Luxor massacre, Mahmoud Mokhtar, Major non-NATO ally, Malta, Mamluk, Mamluk Sultanate, Mark Antony, Mark the Evangelist, Maronite Church, Marsa Alam, Masr (domain name), Mass media in Egypt, Mediterranean Sea, Melkite Greek Catholic Church, Memphis, Egypt, Menes, Metropolis, Metropolitan area, Middle East, Middle East and North Africa, Middle French, Middle Kingdom of Egypt, Middle power, Miles Lampson, 1st Baron Killearn, Military ranks of Egypt, Minaret, Ministry of Justice (Egypt), Minya, Egypt, Misinformation, Modern Standard Arabic, Mohamed Fawzi (general), Mohamed Morsi, Mohamed Mounir, Mohamed Naguib, Mohamed Salah, Mohammed Abdel Wahab, Mohammed Hussein Heikal, Monoculture, Monotheism, Mosque, Mostafa el-Nahas, Mostafa Madbouly, Mount Catherine, Muhammad Abdel Moneim, Muhammad Abduh, Muhammad Ali dynasty, Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Muhammad Ali's rise to power, Muhammad Hussein Tantawy, Muhammad Loutfi Goumah, Mulukhiyah, Music, Music of Egypt, Muslim Brotherhood, Muslim world, Muslims, Naguib Mahfouz, Napoleon, Napoleonic Code, Naqada, Naqada III, Nation's Future Party, National Democratic Party (Egypt), National dish, National language, National Service Products Organization, National sport, Nationalization, Natural gas, Nawal El Saadawi, Nectanebo II, Nefertiti, Neo-Assyrian Empire, Neolithic, New Administrative Capital, New Kingdom of Egypt, New Testament, Nile, Nile Delta, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobiin language, Non-Aligned Movement, Non-denominational Muslim, Non-governmental organization, North Africa, North Yemen civil war, Northern coast of Egypt, Northwest Arabian Arabic, Nubia, Nubians, Oasis, Occupation of the Gaza Strip by the United Arab Republic, Official language, Old Kingdom of Egypt, OPEC, Open defecation, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Oriental Orthodox Churches, Osiris, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turks, Outline of ancient Egypt, Outline of Egypt, Overgrazing, Pan-Arabism, Parliament of Egypt, Parliamentary system, Parmouti, Pashons, Pelusium, Per Gahrton, Perry–Castañeda Library, Persian Gulf, Petroglyph, Petubastis III, Pew Research Center, Pharaoh, Physiological density, Port Said, Power (international relations), Power (social and political), Presidency of Barack Obama, President of Egypt, President of the United States, Prime Minister of Egypt, Protectorate, Protestantism, Psamtik III, Ptolemaic dynasty, Ptolemaic Kingdom, Ptolemy I Soter, Public university, Pyramid of Djoser, Qasim Amin, Qere and Ketiv, Rabaa massacre, Ramesses II, Ramses Wissa Wassef, Ramy Ashour, Raqs sharqi, Ras Sedr, Rassam cylinder, Reconnaissance satellite, Red Sea, Red Sea Riviera, Refugees of the Syrian civil war in Egypt, Regional power, Religion in Egypt, Remittance, Reporters Without Borders, Republic of Egypt (1953–1958), Republican Party (United States), Reuters, Rifa'a at-Tahtawi, Roman Empire, Routledge, Sa'id of Egypt, Saad Zaghloul, Saʽidi Arabic, Safaga, Sahara, Salafi movement, Salah Jahin, Salama Moussa, Sanitary sewer, Sasanian Egypt, Sasanian Empire, Satrap, Saudi Arabia, Sayed Darwish, Second Intermediate Period of Egypt, Second Syrian Republic, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Secularism, Semi-presidential republic, Semitic languages, Senate (Egypt), Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, Sham Ennessim, Sharia, Sharm El Sheikh, Shia Islam, Sidi Barrani, Sinai Peninsula, Siwa Oasis, Siwi language, Siwi people, Six-Day War, Snow, Society, Soil fertility, Somalia, South Sudan, Soviet Union, Sphinx, Spoken language, Squash (sport), St. Martin's Press, Standard of living, State of Palestine, State religion, Statelessness, Stock market, Strabo, Straits of Tiran, Studio Misr, Sudan, Sudanese Arabic, Sudanese refugees in Egypt, Suez, Suez Canal, Suez Canal Area Development Project, Suez Crisis, Sufism, Sultan, Sultanate of Egypt, Summer Olympic Games, Sunni Islam, Supreme Constitutional Court (Egypt), Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, Susa, Syria, Syro-Lebanese in Egypt, Taha Hussein, Tahrir Square, Talaat Harb, Tariqa, Tawfiq al-Hakim, Tax law, Tax revenue, Telephone numbers in Egypt, Tennis, Thanaweya Amma, The Daily Telegraph, The Diplomat, The Economist, The Economist Democracy Index, The Guardian, The Independent, The New York Times, The World Factbook, Thebes, Egypt, Third Dynasty of Egypt, Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt, Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt, Thomson Reuters Foundation, Thutmose III, Tigrinya language, Tombos (Nubia), Torture, Trial in absentia, Tribe, Tulunids, Tunis, Turkic peoples, Turkish people, Tutankhamun, Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt, Umar, Umm Kulthum, Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence, United Arab Republic, United Arab States, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Nations, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, United States, United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, United States foreign aid, United States Foreign Military Financing, University of Michigan, University of Texas at Austin, University of Texas Press, Upper and Lower Egypt, Upper Egypt, V-Dem Democracy Indices, Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire, Verso Books, Vladimir Putin, Wafd Party, War on terror, Water supply, West Asia, World Bank, World Health Organization, World Intellectual Property Organization, World Press Freedom Index, World War I, World Youth Forum, Yom Kippur War, Zagazig, Zamalek SC, Zaynab (novel), Zewail City of Science, Technology and Innovation, .eg, 10th millennium BC, 1919 Egyptian revolution, 1923–24 Egyptian parliamentary election, 1928 Summer Olympics, 1948 Arab–Israeli War, 1951 Mediterranean Games, 1952 Egyptian revolution, 1953 Arab Games, 1964 Summer Olympics, 1965 Arab Games, 1977 Egyptian bread riots, 1977 visit by Anwar Sadat to Israel, 1986 Egyptian conscripts riot, 1991 All-Africa Games, 1999 World Men's Handball Championship, 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship, 2004 Beach Handball World Championships, 2007 Arab Games, 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup, 2011 Egyptian constitutional referendum, 2011 Egyptian revolution, 2011–12 Egyptian parliamentary election, 2012 Egyptian constitutional referendum, 2012 Egyptian presidential election, 2012–2013 Egyptian protests, 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, 2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum, 2014 Egyptian presidential election, 2015 Egyptian parliamentary election, 2016 United States presidential election, 2017 Sinai mosque attack, 2018 Egyptian presidential election, 2018 FIFA World Cup, 2018–2020 CAVB Beach Volleyball Continental Cup, 2019 Egyptian constitutional referendum, 2019 Men's World Team Squash Championships, 2020 Egyptian parliamentary election, 2021 World Men's Handball Championship, 22nd parallel north, 25th meridian east, 32nd parallel north, 35th meridian east, 6th of October Panorama.