274 relations: Abdul Hadi Palazzi, Abraham Usque, Addizione Erculea, Albania, Alberto d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara, Alchermes, Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Allegory, Alluvial plain, Ancient Rome, Andrea Mantegna, Arable land, Assessor (Italy), Austrian Empire, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Žilina, Baiocchi, Baroque, Baroque music, Bartolino da Novara, Bastion fort, Battista Dossi, Battle of Ravenna (1512), Béchamel sauce, Bell tower, Benito Mussolini, Benvenuto Tisi, Beyond the Clouds (1995 film), Biagio Rossetti, Boletus edulis, Bologna, Bolognese sauce, Book burning, Borgoforte, Borso d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Brill Publishers, Brothers of Italy, Butter, Butternut squash, Byzantine Empire, Camillo Filippi, Cappelletti, Castello Estense, Castra, Catalonia, Catholic Church, Certosa of Ferrara, Cesare Filippi, Christmas, ..., City Council of Milan, Clam, Clay, Client state, Composer, Comune, Congress of Vienna, Constitution of Italy, Copyright, Cosimo Tura, Cristoforo di Messisbugo, Daugavpils, Defensive wall, Democratic Party (Italy), Denominazione di origine controllata, Desiderius, Diamond, Dominican Order, Dosso Dossi, Ducat, Duchy of Modena and Reggio, Duchy of Reggio, Early Middle Ages, East Asia, Eclecticism in art, Edison (company), Eel, Emilia-Romagna, Emilian dialect, Encyclopædia Britannica, Ercole de' Roberti, Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Ermanno Olmi, Etruscan civilization, Exarchate of Ravenna, Excommunication, Ferrara, Ferrara Balloons Festival, Ferrara Bible, Ferrara Cathedral, Ferrara Synagogue, Filippo De Pisis, Film director, Financial Times, Fiori musicali, First French Empire, Five Star Movement, Florence, Florestano Vancini, Forza Italia (2013), France, Francesco del Cossa, Franks, Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union, Ghetto, Giessen, Giorgio Bassani, Giorgio de Chirico, Giovanni Bellini, Giovanni Boccaccio, Giovanni Boldini, Giovanni dalle Bande Nere, Girolamo da Carpi, Girolamo Frescobaldi, Girolamo Savonarola, Guelphs and Ghibellines, Hanukkah, Hemp, Highland Park, Illinois, Holy Roman Empire, House of Canossa, House of Este, Humid subtropical climate, Illinois, Ippolito d'Este, Italian Fascism, Italian Renaissance, Italian unification, Italian Wars, Italians, Jerusalem Delivered, Jewish cemetery, Jews, Johann Sebastian Bach, Johann von Klenau, Judaeo-Spanish, Kashrut, Kaufbeuren, Köppen climate classification, Keyboard instrument, Kingdom of Italy, Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic), Koper, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, Lagoon, Land reclamation, Last Judgment, Lega Nord, Leon Battista Alberti, Leonello d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara, List of Cambridge Companions to Music, Liturgy, Lleida, Loire (department), Lombards, London, Long Night in 1943, Lorenzo Costa, Louis XII of France, Lucrezia Borgia, Ludovico Ariosto, Macaroni, Magazine (artillery), Makarska, Malaria, Manor house, Marrano, Matilda of Tuscany, Matteo Maria Boiardo, Maurizio Moro, Medieval commune, Michelangelo Antonioni, Middle Ages, Mirandola, Modena, Montrichard, Napoleon, Nicolaus Copernicus, Nun, Nutmeg, Obizzo II d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara, Opatija, Orlando Furioso, Orlando Innamorato, Orthodoxy, Palazzo dei Diamanti, Palazzo Schifanoia, Palio, Panpepato, Papal States, Paracelsus, Parmigiano-Reggiano, Patronage, Piero della Francesca, Pierre-Augustin Hulin, Pipe organ, Pisanello, Plastic, Po (river), Po Valley, Pope, Pope Alexander VI, Pope Julius II, Pope Paul II, Pope Paul V, Portugal, Province of Ferrara, Province of Lleida, Ravenna, Ravioli, Reggio Emilia, Renaissance, Renaissance music, Renée of France, Republic of Venice, Romanesque architecture, S.P.A.L. 2013, Saint George, Saint-Étienne, Salvia officinalis, Sarah Dunant, Sarajevo, Sausage, School of Ferrara, Sephardi Jews, Serie A, Sister city, Spain, Spina, Sponge cake, Stadio Paolo Mazza, Street performance, Stucco, Sugar beet, Swansea, Synthetic rubber, Szombathely, Tacitus, Tanakh, Tartu, Teatro Comunale (Ferrara), Terroir, The Garden of the Finzi-Continis, The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (film), The Holocaust, The Profession of Arms (2001 film), Titian, Torquato Tasso, Touring Club Italiano, Ukraine, UNESCO, United Kingdom, University of Ferrara, University of Ferrara Botanic Garden, Urban planning, Valli di Comacchio, Venice, Vestibule (architecture), Vicino da Ferrara, Vittorio De Sica, War of Ferrara, War of the League of Cambrai, Water tower, Wiligelmo, Wim Wenders, World Heritage site, World War II, Zodiac, Zuppa Inglese, 1570 Ferrara earthquake, 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes. Expand index (224 more) »
Abdul Hadi Palazzi
Abdul Hadi Palazzi (شيخ عبد الهادي بالاتسي), legally named Massimo Palazzi (born 24/1/1961) is the secretary general of the Italian Muslim Assembly, and the Khalifah for Europe of the Qadiri Sufi Order.
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Abraham Usque
Abraham ben Salomon Usque (given the Christian name Duarte Pinhel) was a 16th-century publisher.
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Addizione Erculea
The Addizione Erculea or Erculean Addition is the area of urban expansion created in 1492 by the enlargement of the walled city limits of Ferrara, Italy.
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Albania
Albania (Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Shqipni/Shqipnia or Shqypni/Shqypnia), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe.
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Alberto d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara
Alberto (V) d'Este (27 February 1347 – 30 July 1393) was lord of Ferrara and Modena from 1388 until his death.
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Alchermes
Alchermes (from the Arabic القرمز al-qirmiz, meaning cochineal, from Persian کرمست kirmist: bloody, red, cochineal, carmine) is a type of Italian liqueur (especially in Tuscany, Emilia-Romagna and Sicily) prepared by infusing neutral spirits with sugar, cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg and vanilla, and other herbs and flavoring agents.
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Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara
Alfonso d'Este (21 July 1476 – 31 October 1534) was Duke of Ferrara during the time of the War of the League of Cambrai.
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Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara
Alfonso II d'Este (24 November 1533 – 27 October 1597) was Duke of Ferrara from 1559 to 1597.
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Allegory
As a literary device, an allegory is a metaphor in which a character, place or event is used to deliver a broader message about real-world issues and occurrences.
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Alluvial plain
An alluvial plain is a largely flat landform created by the deposition of sediment over a long period of time by one or more rivers coming from highland regions, from which alluvial soil forms.
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Ancient Rome
In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.
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Andrea Mantegna
Andrea Mantegna (September 13, 1506) was an Italian painter, a student of Roman archeology, and son-in-law of Jacopo Bellini.
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Arable land
Arable land (from Latin arabilis, "able to be plowed") is, according to one definition, land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.
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Assessor (Italy)
In Italy an assessor (in Italian language: assessore) is a member of a Giunta, the executive body in all levels of local government: regions, provinces and communes.
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Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire (Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling Kaisertum Österreich) was a Central European multinational great power from 1804 to 1919, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs.
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Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (Ôvèrgne-Rôno-Ârpes, Auvèrnhe Ròse Aups, Alvernia-Rodano-Alpi) is a region of France created by the territorial reform of French Regions in 2014; it resulted from the merger of Auvergne and Rhône-Alpes.
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Žilina
Žilina (Sillein, or; Zsolna; Żylina, names in other languages) is a city in north-western Slovakia, around from the capital Bratislava, close to both the Czech and Polish borders.
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Baiocchi
Baiocchi is a surname of Italian origin.
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Baroque
The Baroque is a highly ornate and often extravagant style of architecture, art and music that flourished in Europe from the early 17th until the late 18th century.
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Baroque music
Baroque music is a style of Western art music composed from approximately 1600 to 1750.
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Bartolino da Novara
Bartolino (Bertolino) Ploti da Novara (died 1406-1410) was an Italian military architect and engineer.
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Bastion fort
A bastion fort, a type of trace Italienne (literally, Italian outline), is a fortification in a style that evolved during the early modern period of gunpowder when the cannon came to dominate the battlefield.
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Battista Dossi
Battista Dossi (ca. 1490–1548), also known as Battista de Luteri, was an Italian painter who belonged to the Ferrara School of Painting.
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Battle of Ravenna (1512)
The Battle of Ravenna, fought on 11 April 1512, by forces of the Holy League and France, was a major battle of the War of the League of Cambrai in the Italian Wars.
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Béchamel sauce
Béchamel sauce (Béchamel besciamella or Beixamel Catalan or Bechamelsaus in Dutch, etc.-->), also known as white sauce, is made from a white roux (butter and flour) and milk.
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Bell tower
A bell tower is a tower that contains one or more bells, or that is designed to hold bells even if it has none.
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Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who was the leader of the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF).
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Benvenuto Tisi
Benvenuto Tisi (or Il Garofalo) (1481September 6, 1559) was a Late-Renaissance-Mannerist Italian painter of the School of Ferrara.
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Beyond the Clouds (1995 film)
Beyond the Clouds (Al di là delle nuvole; Par-delà les nuages) is a 1995 Italian-French-German romance film directed by Michelangelo Antonioni and Wim Wenders and starring John Malkovich, Sophie Marceau, Vincent Perez, Irène Jacob, and Jean Reno.
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Biagio Rossetti
Biagio Rossetti (1447 – 1516) was an Italian architect and urbanist from Ferrara.
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Boletus edulis
Boletus edulis (English: penny bun, cep, porcino or porcini) is a basidiomycete fungus, and the type species of the genus Boletus.
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Bologna
Bologna (Bulåggna; Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna Region in Northern Italy.
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Bolognese sauce
Bolognese sauce (known in Italian as ragù alla bolognese,, ragù bolognese, or simply ragù) is a meat-based sauce originating from Bologna, Italy, hence the name.
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Book burning
Book burning is the ritual destruction by fire of books or other written materials, usually carried out in a public context.
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Borgoforte
Borgoforte was a comune (municipality) in the Province of Mantua in the Italian region Lombardy, located about southeast of Milan and about southwest of Mantua.
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Borso d'Este, Duke of Ferrara
Sforza Castle in Milan, Italy. Borso d'Este (1413 – August 20, 1471) was Duke of Ferrara, and the first Duke of Modena, which he ruled from 1450 until his death.
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Brill Publishers
Brill (known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill Academic Publishers) is a Dutch international academic publisher founded in 1683 in Leiden, Netherlands.
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Brothers of Italy
Brothers of Italy (Fratelli d'Italia, FdI) is a national-conservative political party in Italy led by Giorgia Meloni.
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Butter
Butter is a dairy product containing up to 80% butterfat (in commercial products) which is solid when chilled and at room temperature in some regions and liquid when warmed.
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Butternut squash
Butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata), sometimes known in Australia and New Zealand as butternut pumpkin or gramma, is a type of winter squash that grows on a vine.
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Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium).
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Camillo Filippi
Camillo Filippi (died 1574) was an Italian painter who flourished about the middle of the 16th century.
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Cappelletti
Cappelletti may be.
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Castello Estense
The Castello Estense (‘Este castle’) or castello di San Michele (‘St. Michael's castle’) is a moated medieval castle in the center of Ferrara, northern Italy.
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Castra
In the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, the Latin word castrum (plural castra) was a building, or plot of land, used as a fortified military camp.
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Catalonia
Catalonia (Catalunya, Catalonha, Cataluña) is an autonomous community in Spain on the northeastern extremity of the Iberian Peninsula, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Certosa of Ferrara
San Cristoforo alla Certosa also called the Certosa di Ferrara is a Renaissance style, former Roman Catholic, Carthusian order church and cloistered monastery, now cemetery site, located on Piazza Borso 50 in Ferrara, Region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
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Cesare Filippi
Cesare Filippi (1536-after 1602) was an Italian painter.
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Christmas
Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ,Martindale, Cyril Charles.
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City Council of Milan
The City Council of Milan (Italian: Consiglio Comunale di Milano) is the top-tier administrative body of the municipality of Milan, Lombardy, Italy.
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Clam
Clam is a common name for several kinds of bivalve molluscs.
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Clay
Clay is a finely-grained natural rock or soil material that combines one or more clay minerals with possible traces of quartz (SiO2), metal oxides (Al2O3, MgO etc.) and organic matter.
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Client state
A client state is a state that is economically, politically, or militarily subordinate to another more powerful state in international affairs.
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Composer
A composer (Latin ''compōnō''; literally "one who puts together") is a musician who is an author of music in any form, including vocal music (for a singer or choir), instrumental music, electronic music, and music which combines multiple forms.
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Comune
The comune (plural: comuni) is a basic administrative division in Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality.
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Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna (Wiener Kongress) also called Vienna Congress, was a meeting of ambassadors of European states chaired by Austrian statesman Klemens von Metternich, and held in Vienna from November 1814 to June 1815, though the delegates had arrived and were already negotiating by late September 1814.
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Constitution of Italy
The Constitution of the Italian Republic (Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana) was enacted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 December 1947, with 453 votes in favour and 62 against.
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Copyright
Copyright is a legal right, existing globally in many countries, that basically grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights to determine and decide whether, and under what conditions, this original work may be used by others.
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Cosimo Tura
Cosimo Tura (c. 1430 – 1495), also known as Il Cosmè or Cosmè Tura, was an Italian early-Renaissance (or Quattrocento) painter and considered one of the founders of the School of Ferrara.
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Cristoforo di Messisbugo
Cristoforo di Messisbugo or Cristoforo da Messisbugo (15th century – 1548) was a steward of the House of Este in Ferrara and an Italian cook of the Renaissance.
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Daugavpils
Daugavpils (Daugpiļs; Даугавпилс; see other names) is a city in southeastern Latvia, located on the banks of the Daugava River, from which the city gets its name.
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Defensive wall
A defensive wall is a fortification usually used to protect a city, town or other settlement from potential aggressors.
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Democratic Party (Italy)
The Democratic Party (Partito Democratico, PD) is a social-democratic political party in Italy.
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Denominazione di origine controllata
Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC;; English: controlled designation of origin) is a quality assurance label for Italian wines.
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Desiderius
Desiderius (also known as Desiderio in Italian) (died c. 786) was a king of the Lombard Kingdom of northern Italy, ruling from 756 to 774.
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Diamond
Diamond is a solid form of carbon with a diamond cubic crystal structure.
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Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers (Ordo Praedicatorum, postnominal abbreviation OP), also known as the Dominican Order, is a mendicant Catholic religious order founded by the Spanish priest Dominic of Caleruega in France, approved by Pope Honorius III via the Papal bull Religiosam vitam on 22 December 1216.
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Dosso Dossi
Dosso Dossi (c. 1489-1542), real name Giovanni di Niccolò de Luteri, was an Italian Renaissance painter who belonged to the School of Ferrara, painting in a style mainly influenced by Venetian painting, in particular Giorgione and early Titian.
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Ducat
The ducat was a gold or silver coin used as a trade coin in Europe from the later middle ages until as late as the 20th century.
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Duchy of Modena and Reggio
The Duchy of Modena and Reggio (Ducato di Modena e Reggio, Ducatus Mutinae et Regii) was a small northwestern Italian state that existed from 1452 to 1859, with a break during the Napoleonic Wars (1796–1814) when Emperor Napoleon I reorganized the states and republics of renaissance-era Italy, then under the domination of his French Empire.
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Duchy of Reggio
The Duchy of Reggio was one of the states that belonged to the Duchy of Modena and Reggio, ruled by the House of Este, in the north of Italy, in a territory now belonging to the Province of Reggio Emilia.
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Early Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages or Early Medieval Period, typically regarded as lasting from the 5th or 6th century to the 10th century CE, marked the start of the Middle Ages of European history.
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East Asia
East Asia is the eastern subregion of the Asian continent, which can be defined in either geographical or ethno-cultural "The East Asian cultural sphere evolves when Japan, Korea, and what is today Vietnam all share adapted elements of Chinese civilization of this period (that of the Tang dynasty), in particular Buddhism, Confucian social and political values, and literary Chinese and its writing system." terms.
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Eclecticism in art
Eclecticism is a kind of mixed style in the fine arts: "the borrowing of a variety of styles from different sources and combining them".
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Edison (company)
Edison S.p.A is an energy company in the field of electricity and natural gas headquartered in Milan, Italy.
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Eel
An eel is any ray-finned fish belonging to the order Anguilliformes, which consists of four suborders, 20 families, 111 genera and about 800 species.
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Emilia-Romagna
Emilia-Romagna (Emilian and Emélia-Rumâgna) is an administrative Region of Northeast Italy comprising the historical regions of Emilia and Romagna.
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Emilian dialect
Emilian is a group of dialects of the Emilian-Romagnol language spoken in the area historically called Emilia, the western portion of today's Emilia-Romagna region in Italy.
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Encyclopædia Britannica
The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
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Ercole de' Roberti
Ercole de' Roberti (c. 1451 – 1496), also known as Ercole Ferrarese or Ercole da Ferrara, was an Italian artist of the Early Renaissance and the School of Ferrara.
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Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara
Ercole I d'Este, KG (26 October 1431 – 15 June 1505) was Duke of Ferrara from 1471 until 1505.
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Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara
Ercole II d'Este (5 April 1508 – 3 October 1559) was Duke of Ferrara, Modena and Reggio from 1534 to 1559.
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Ermanno Olmi
Ermanno Olmi (24 July 1931 – 5 May 2018Lane, John Francis (May 7, 2018). "". The Guardian. theguardian.com. Retrieved 2018-05-11.) was an Italian film director and screenwriter.
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Etruscan civilization
The Etruscan civilization is the modern name given to a powerful and wealthy civilization of ancient Italy in the area corresponding roughly to Tuscany, western Umbria and northern Lazio.
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Exarchate of Ravenna
The Exarchate of Ravenna or of Italy (Esarcato d'Italia) was a lordship of the Byzantine Empire in Italy, from 584 to 751, when the last exarch was put to death by the Lombards.
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Excommunication
Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain rights within it, in particular receiving of the sacraments.
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Ferrara
Ferrara (Ferrarese: Fràra) is a town and comune in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy, capital of the Province of Ferrara.
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Ferrara Balloons Festival
Ferrara Balloons Festival is a yearly hot air balloon festival that takes place in Ferrara, Italy and is considered to be one of the largest festivals of hot air ballooning in Europe, with numerous teams from Italy and other parts of the world bringing their traditional or uniquely shaped aircraft.
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Ferrara Bible
The Ferrara Bible was a 1553 publication of the Ladino version of the Tanakh used by Sephardi Jews.
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Ferrara Cathedral
Ferrara Cathedral (Basilica Cattedrale di San Giorgio, Duomo di Ferrara) is a Roman Catholic cathedral and minor basilica in Ferrara, Northern Italy.
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Ferrara Synagogue
The Ferrara Synagogue is a synagogue located in Ferrara, Italy.
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Filippo De Pisis
Filippo De Pisis (11 May 1896 – 2 April 1956) was an Italian painter and poet.
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Film director
A film director is a person who directs the making of a film.
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Financial Times
The Financial Times (FT) is a Japanese-owned (since 2015), English-language international daily newspaper headquartered in London, with a special emphasis on business and economic news.
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Fiori musicali
Fiori musicali ("Musical Flowers") is a collection of liturgical organ music by Girolamo Frescobaldi, first published in 1635.
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First French Empire
The First French Empire (Empire Français) was the empire of Napoleon Bonaparte of France and the dominant power in much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century.
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Five Star Movement
The Five Star Movement (Movimento 5 Stelle, M5S) is a political party in Italy.
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Florence
Florence (Firenze) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany.
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Florestano Vancini
Florestano Vancini (Ferrara, 24 August 1926 - Rome, 18 September 2008) was an Italian film director and screenwriter.
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Forza Italia (2013)
Forza ItaliaThe name is not usually translated into English: forza is the second-person singular imperative of ''forzare'', in this case translating to "to compel" or "to press", and so means something like "Forward, Italy", "Come on, Italy" or "Go, Italy!".
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Francesco del Cossa
Francesco del Cossa (c. 1430 – c. 1477) was an Italian Renaissance painter of the School of Ferrara.
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Franks
The Franks (Franci or gens Francorum) were a collection of Germanic peoples, whose name was first mentioned in 3rd century Roman sources, associated with tribes on the Lower and Middle Rhine in the 3rd century AD, on the edge of the Roman Empire.
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Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick III (21 September 1415 – 19 August 1493), was Holy Roman Emperor from 1452 until his death.
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Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union
Three European Union schemes of geographical indications and traditional specialties, known as protected designation of origin (PDO), protected geographical indication (PGI), and traditional specialities guaranteed (TSG), promote and protect names of quality agricultural products and foodstuffs.
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Ghetto
A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, typically as a result of social, legal, or economic pressure.
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Giessen
Giessen, spelled Gießen in German, is a town in the German federal state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of both the district of Giessen and the administrative region of Giessen.
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Giorgio Bassani
Giorgio Bassani (4 March 1916 – 13 April 2000) was an Italian novelist, poet, essayist, editor, and international intellectual.
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Giorgio de Chirico
Giorgio de Chirico (10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian artist and writer.
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Giovanni Bellini
Giovanni Bellini (c. 1430 – 26 November 1516) was an Italian Renaissance painter, probably the best known of the Bellini family of Venetian painters.
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Giovanni Boccaccio
Giovanni Boccaccio (16 June 1313 – 21 December 1375) was an Italian writer, poet, correspondent of Petrarch, and an important Renaissance humanist.
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Giovanni Boldini
Giovanni Boldini (31 December 1842 – 11 July 1931) was an Italian genre and portrait painter who lived and worked in Paris for most of his career.
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Giovanni dalle Bande Nere
Lodovico de' Medici, also known as Giovanni dalle Bande Nere (5 April 1498 – 30 November 1526) was an Italian condottiero.
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Girolamo da Carpi
Girolamo Da Carpi (1501 – 1 August 1556) was an Italian painter and decorator who worked at the Court of the House of Este in Ferrara.
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Girolamo Frescobaldi
Girolamo Alessandro Frescobaldi (also Gerolamo, Girolimo, and Geronimo Alissandro; September, 15831 March 1643) was a musician from Ferrara, one of the most important composers of keyboard music in the late Renaissance and early Baroque periods.
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Girolamo Savonarola
Girolamo Savonarola (21 September 1452 – 23 May 1498) was an Italian Dominican friar and preacher active in Renaissance Florence.
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Guelphs and Ghibellines
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (guelfi e ghibellini) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy.
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Hanukkah
Hanukkah (חֲנֻכָּה, Tiberian:, usually spelled rtl, pronounced in Modern Hebrew, or in Yiddish; a transliteration also romanized as Chanukah or Ḥanukah) is a Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication of the Holy Temple (the Second Temple) in Jerusalem at the time of the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire.
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Hemp
Hemp, or industrial hemp (from Old English hænep), typically found in the northern hemisphere, is a variety of the Cannabis sativa plant species that is grown specifically for the industrial uses of its derived products.
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Highland Park, Illinois
Highland Park is a suburban city in Lake County, Illinois, United States, about north of downtown Chicago.
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Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire (Sacrum Romanum Imperium; Heiliges Römisches Reich) was a multi-ethnic but mostly German complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806.
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House of Canossa
The House of Canossa, also known as the Attonids, was an Italian noble family, holding the castle of Canossa, from the early tenth to the early twelfth century.
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House of Este
The House of Este (Casa d'Este; originally House of Welf-Este) is a European princely dynasty.
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Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and mild to cool winters.
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Illinois
Illinois is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.
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Ippolito d'Este
Ippolito (I) d'Este (Estei Hippolit; 20 March 1479 – 3 September 1520) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal, and Archbishop of Esztergom.
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Italian Fascism
Italian Fascism (fascismo italiano), also known simply as Fascism, is the original fascist ideology as developed in Italy.
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Italian Renaissance
The Italian Renaissance (Rinascimento) was the earliest manifestation of the general European Renaissance, a period of great cultural change and achievement that began in Italy during the 14th century (Trecento) and lasted until the 17th century (Seicento), marking the transition between Medieval and Modern Europe.
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Italian unification
Italian unification (Unità d'Italia), or the Risorgimento (meaning "the Resurgence" or "revival"), was the political and social movement that consolidated different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of the Kingdom of Italy in the 19th century.
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Italian Wars
The Italian Wars, often referred to as the Great Italian Wars or the Great Wars of Italy and sometimes as the Habsburg–Valois Wars or the Renaissance Wars, were a series of conflicts from 1494 to 1559 that involved, at various times, most of the city-states of Italy, the Papal States, the Republic of Venice, most of the major states of Western Europe (France, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, England, and Scotland) as well as the Ottoman Empire.
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Italians
The Italians (Italiani) are a Latin European ethnic group and nation native to the Italian peninsula.
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Jerusalem Delivered
Jerusalem Delivered (La Gerusalemme liberata) is an epic poem by the Italian poet Torquato Tasso, first published in 1581, that tells a largely mythified version of the First Crusade in which Christian knights, led by Godfrey of Bouillon, battle Muslims in order to take Jerusalem.
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Jewish cemetery
A Jewish cemetery (בית עלמין beit almin or beit kvarot) is a cemetery where members of the Jewish faith are buried in keeping with Jewish tradition.
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Jews
Jews (יְהוּדִים ISO 259-3, Israeli pronunciation) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and a nation, originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of the Ancient Near East.
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Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach (28 July 1750) was a composer and musician of the Baroque period, born in the Duchy of Saxe-Eisenach.
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Johann von Klenau
Johann von Klenau (13 April 1758 – 6 October 1819), also called Johann Josef Cajetan von Klenau und Janowitz, was a field marshal in the Habsburg army.
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Judaeo-Spanish
Judaeo-Spanish or Judeo-Spanish (judeo-español, Hebrew script: גֿודֿיאו-איספאנייול, Cyrillic: Ђудео-Еспањол), commonly referred to as Ladino, is a Romance language derived from Old Spanish.
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Kashrut
Kashrut (also kashruth or kashrus) is a set of Jewish religious dietary laws.
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Kaufbeuren
Kaufbeuren is an independent town in the Regierungsbezirk of Swabia, Bavaria.
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Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.
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Keyboard instrument
A keyboard instrument is a musical instrument played using a keyboard, a row of levers which are pressed by the fingers.
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Kingdom of Italy
The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) was a state which existed from 1861—when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy—until 1946—when a constitutional referendum led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic.
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Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)
The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia; Royaume d'Italie) was a French client state founded in Northern Italy by Napoleon I, fully influenced by revolutionary France, that ended with his defeat and fall.
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Koper
Koper (Capodistria) is a city in southwestern Slovenia, with the other Slovenian coastal towns Ankaran, Izola, Piran, and Portorož, situated along the country's 47-kilometre coastline, in the Istrian Region, approximately five kilometres from its border with Italy.
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Krasnodar
Krasnodar (p) is a city and the administrative center of Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the Kuban River, approximately northeast of the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk.
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Krasnodar Krai
Krasnodar Krai (p) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the North Caucasus region in Southern Russia and administratively a part of the Southern Federal District.
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Lagoon
A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs.
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Land reclamation
Land reclamation, usually known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a landfill), is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds, or lake beds.
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Last Judgment
The Last Judgment, Final Judgment, Day of Judgment, Judgment Day, Doomsday, or The Day of the Lord (Hebrew Yom Ha Din) (יום הדין) or in Arabic Yawm al-Qiyāmah (یوم القيامة) or Yawm ad-Din (یوم الدین) is part of the eschatological world view of the Abrahamic religions and in the Frashokereti of Zoroastrianism.
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Lega Nord
Lega Nord (LN; italic), whose complete name is Lega Nord per l'Indipendenza della Padania (Northern League for the Independence of Padania), is a regionalist political party in Italy.
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Leon Battista Alberti
Leon Battista Alberti (February 14, 1404 – April 25, 1472) was an Italian humanist author, artist, architect, poet, priest, linguist, philosopher and cryptographer; he epitomised the Renaissance Man.
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Leonello d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara
Leonello d'Este (also spelled Lionello; 21 September 1407 – 1 October 1450) was Marquis of Ferrara and Duke of Modena and Reggio Emilia from 1441 to 1450.
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List of Cambridge Companions to Music
The Cambridge Companions to Music form a book series published by Cambridge University Press.
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Liturgy
Liturgy is the customary public worship performed by a religious group, according to its beliefs, customs and traditions.
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Lleida
Lleida (Lérida) is a city in the west of Catalonia, Spain.
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Loire (department)
Loire (Lêre; Léger) is a department in the east-central part of France occupying the River Loire's upper reaches.
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Lombards
The Lombards or Longobards (Langobardi, Longobardi, Longobard (Western)) were a Germanic people who ruled most of the Italian Peninsula from 568 to 774.
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London
London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.
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Long Night in 1943
Long Night in 1943, The Long Night of '43 or It Happened in '43 (original Italian title - La lunga notte del '43) is an Italian film of 1960 set in Ferrara, in the Italian Social Republic Nazi puppet state during the late stages of WW2.
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Lorenzo Costa
Lorenzo Costa (1460 – March 5, 1535) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance.
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Louis XII of France
Louis XII (27 June 1462 – 1 January 1515) was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504.
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Lucrezia Borgia
Lucrezia Borgia (Lucrècia Borja; 18 April 1480 – 24 June 1519) was an Italian noblewoman of the House of Borgia who was the daughter of Pope Alexander VI and Vannozza dei Cattanei.
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Ludovico Ariosto
Ludovico Ariosto (8 September 1474 – 6 July 1533) was an Italian poet.
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Macaroni
Macaroni is a variety of dry pasta traditionally shaped and produced in various shapes and sizes.
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Magazine (artillery)
Magazine is the name for an item or place within which ammunition or other explosive material is stored.
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Makarska
Makarska (Italian: Macarsca) is a small city on the Adriatic coastline of Croatia, about southeast of Split and northwest of Dubrovnik.
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Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.
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Manor house
A manor house was historically the main residence of the lord of the manor.
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Marrano
Marranos were Jews living in the Iberian Peninsula who converted or were forced to convert to Christianity during the Middle Ages yet continued to practice Judaism in secret.
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Matilda of Tuscany
Matilda of Tuscany (Italian: Matilde di Canossa, Latin: Matilda, Mathilda; 1046 – 24 July 1115) was a powerful feudal Margravine of Tuscany, ruler in northern Italy and the chief Italian supporter of Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy; in addition, she was one of the few medieval women to be remembered for her military accomplishments, thanks to which she was able to dominate all the territories north of the Church States.
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Matteo Maria Boiardo
Matteo Maria Boiardo (144019/20 December 1494) was an Italian Renaissance poet.
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Maurizio Moro
Maurizio Moro (15??—16??) was an Italian poet of the 16th century, best known for his madrigals.
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Medieval commune
Medieval communes in the European Middle Ages had sworn allegiances of mutual defense (both physical defense and of traditional freedoms) among the citizens of a town or city.
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Michelangelo Antonioni
Michelangelo Antonioni, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (29 September 1912 – 30 July 2007), was an Italian film director, screenwriter, editor, and short story writer.
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Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.
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Mirandola
Mirandola (Mirandolese: La Miràndla) is a city and comune of Emilia-Romagna, Italy, in the Province of Modena, northeast of the provincial capital by railway.
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Modena
Modena (Mutna; Mutina; Modenese: Mòdna) is a city and comune (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy.
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Montrichard
Montrichard is a town and former commune in the Loir-et-Cher département, in France.
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Napoleon
Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.
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Nicolaus Copernicus
Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik; Nikolaus Kopernikus; Niklas Koppernigk; 19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543) was a Renaissance-era mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe, likely independently of Aristarchus of Samos, who had formulated such a model some eighteen centuries earlier.
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Nun
A nun is a member of a religious community of women, typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience in the enclosure of a monastery.
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Nutmeg
Nutmeg is the seed or ground spice of several species of the genus Myristica.
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Obizzo II d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara
Obizzo II d'Este (c. 1247 – 13 February 1293) was Marquis of Ferrara and the March of Ancona.
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Opatija
Opatija (Abbazia, German: Sankt Jakobi) is a town in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County in western Croatia.
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Orlando Furioso
Orlando Furioso ("The Frenzy of Orlando", more literally "Raging Roland"; in Italian titled "Orlando furioso" as the "F" is never capitalized) is an Italian epic poem by Ludovico Ariosto which has exerted a wide influence on later culture.
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Orlando Innamorato
Orlando Innamorato (known in English as "Orlando in Love"; in Italian titled "Orlando innamorato" as the "I" is never capitalized) is an epic poem written by the Italian Renaissance author Matteo Maria Boiardo.
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Orthodoxy
Orthodoxy (from Greek ὀρθοδοξία orthodoxía "right opinion") is adherence to correct or accepted creeds, especially in religion.
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Palazzo dei Diamanti
Palazzo dei Diamanti is a Renaissance palace located on Corso Ercole I d'Este 21 in Ferrara, region of Emilia Romagna, Italy.
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Palazzo Schifanoia
Palazzo Schifanoia is a Renaissance palace in Ferrara, Emilia-Romagna (Italy) built for the Este family.
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Palio
Palio is the name given in Italy to an annual athletic contest, very often of a historical character, pitting the neighbourhoods of a town or the hamlets of a comune against each other.
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Panpepato
Panpepato (Italian: "peppered bread") or pampepato is a round, sweet cake typical of the Province of Ferrara, Siena, the Province of Terni, of Sabina and the Valle Latina.
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Papal States
The Papal States, officially the State of the Church (Stato della Chiesa,; Status Ecclesiasticus; also Dicio Pontificia), were a series of territories in the Italian Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the Pope, from the 8th century until 1870.
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Paracelsus
Paracelsus (1493/4 – 24 September 1541), born Theophrastus von Hohenheim (full name Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim), was a Swiss physician, alchemist, and astrologer of the German Renaissance.
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Parmigiano-Reggiano
Parmigiano-Reggiano is an Italian hard, granular cheese.
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Patronage
Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows to another.
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Piero della Francesca
Piero della Francesca (c. 1415 – 12 October 1492) was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance.
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Pierre-Augustin Hulin
Pierre-Augustin Hulin (September 6, 1758 – January 9, 1841) was a French general under Napoleon Bonaparte who took part in the storming of the Bastille, the trial of the Duke d'Enghien, and the foiling of the Malet coup.
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Pipe organ
The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurized air (called wind) through organ pipes selected via a keyboard.
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Pisanello
Pisanello (c. 1395c. 1455), known professionally as Antonio di Puccio Pisano or Antonio di Puccio da Cereto, also erroneously called Vittore Pisano by Giorgio Vasari, was one of the most distinguished painters of the early Italian Renaissance and Quattrocento.
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Plastic
Plastic is material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are malleable and so can be molded into solid objects.
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Po (river)
The Po (Padus and Eridanus; Po; ancient Ligurian: Bodincus or Bodencus; Πάδος, Ἠριδανός) is a river that flows eastward across northern Italy.
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Po Valley
The Po Valley, Po Plain, Plain of the Po, or Padan Plain (Pianura Padana, or Val Padana) is a major geographical feature of Northern Italy.
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Pope
The pope (papa from πάππας pappas, a child's word for "father"), also known as the supreme pontiff (from Latin pontifex maximus "greatest priest"), is the Bishop of Rome and therefore ex officio the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church.
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Pope Alexander VI
Pope Alexander VI, born Rodrigo de Borja (de Borja, Rodrigo Lanzol y de Borja; 1 January 1431 – 18 August 1503), was Pope from 11 August 1492 until his death.
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Pope Julius II
Pope Julius II (Papa Giulio II; Iulius II) (5 December 1443 – 21 February 1513), born Giuliano della Rovere, and nicknamed "The Fearsome Pope" and "The Warrior Pope".
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Pope Paul II
Pope Paul II (Paulus II; 23 February 1417 – 26 July 1471), born Pietro Barbo, was Pope from 30 August 1464 to his death in 1471.
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Pope Paul V
Pope Paul V (Paulus V; Paolo V) (17 September 1550 – 28 January 1621), born Camillo Borghese, was Pope from 16 May 1605 to his death in 1621.
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Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.
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Province of Ferrara
The province of Ferrara (provincia di Ferrara) is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy.
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Province of Lleida
Monastery of Santa Maria de Bellpuig de les Avellanes. The Province of Lleida (Lérida; Lhèida) is one of the four provinces of Catalonia.
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Ravenna
Ravenna (also locally; Ravèna) is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy.
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Ravioli
Ravioli (singular: raviolo) are a type of dumpling composed of a filling sealed between two layers of thin pasta dough.
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Reggio Emilia
Reggio Emilia (also; Rèz, Regium Lepidi) is a city in northern Italy, in the Emilia-Romagna region.
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Renaissance
The Renaissance is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries.
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Renaissance music
Renaissance music is vocal and instrumental music written and performed in Europe during the Renaissance era.
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Renée of France
Renée of France (25 October 1510 – 12 June 1574), was the Duchess of Ferrara due to her marriage to Ercole II d'Este, grandson of Pope Alexander VI.
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Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice (Repubblica di Venezia, later: Repubblica Veneta; Repùblica de Venèsia, later: Repùblica Vèneta), traditionally known as La Serenissima (Most Serene Republic of Venice) (Serenissima Repubblica di Venezia; Serenìsima Repùblica Vèneta), was a sovereign state and maritime republic in northeastern Italy, which existed for a millennium between the 8th century and the 18th century.
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Romanesque architecture
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of medieval Europe characterized by semi-circular arches.
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S.P.A.L. 2013
S.P.A.L. 2013, commonly referred to as SPAL, an acronym for Società Polisportiva Ars et Labor, is a professional Italian football club, based in Ferrara, Emilia Romagna.
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Saint George
Saint George (Γεώργιος, Geṓrgios; Georgius;; to 23 April 303), according to legend, was a Roman soldier of Greek origin and a member of the Praetorian Guard for Roman emperor Diocletian, who was sentenced to death for refusing to recant his Christian faith.
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Saint-Étienne
Saint-Étienne (Sant-Etiève; Saint Stephen) is a city in eastern central France, in the Massif Central, southwest of Lyon in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, on the trunk road that connects Toulouse with Lyon.
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Salvia officinalis
Salvia officinalis (sage, also called garden sage, common sage, or culinary sage) is a perennial, evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers.
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Sarah Dunant
Sarah Dunant (born 8 August 1950) is a British novelist, journalist, broadcaster and critic.
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Sarajevo
Sarajevo (see names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its current administrative limits.
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Sausage
A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.
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School of Ferrara
The School of Ferrara was a group of painters which flourished in the Duchy of Ferrara during the Renaissance.
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Sephardi Jews
Sephardi Jews, also known as Sephardic Jews or Sephardim (סְפָרַדִּים, Modern Hebrew: Sefaraddim, Tiberian: Səp̄āraddîm; also Ye'hude Sepharad, lit. "The Jews of Spain"), originally from Sepharad, Spain or the Iberian peninsula, are a Jewish ethnic division.
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Serie A
Serie A, also called Serie A TIM due to sponsorship by TIM, is a professional league competition for football clubs located at the top of the Italian football league system and the winner is awarded the Coppa Campioni d'Italia.
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Sister city
Twin towns or sister cities are a form of legal or social agreement between towns, cities, counties, oblasts, prefectures, provinces, regions, states, and even countries in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.
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Spain
Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.
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Spina
Spina was an Etruscan port city, established by the end of the 6th century BCE, on the Adriatic at the ancient mouth of the Po, south of the lagoon which would become the site of Venice.
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Sponge cake
Sponge cake is a cake based on flour (usually wheat flour), sugar, butter and eggs, and is sometimes leavened with baking powder.
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Stadio Paolo Mazza
Stadio Paolo Mazza (formerly Stadio Comunale) is a multi-use stadium in Ferrara, Italy.
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Street performance
Street performance or busking is the act of performing in public places for gratuities.
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Stucco
Stucco or render is a material made of aggregates, a binder and water.
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Sugar beet
A sugar beet is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of sucrose and which is grown commercially for sugar production.
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Swansea
Swansea (Abertawe), is a coastal city and county, officially known as the City and County of Swansea (Dinas a Sir Abertawe) in Wales, UK.
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Synthetic rubber
A synthetic rubber is any artificial elastomer.
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Szombathely
Szombathely (see also other alternative names) is the 10th largest city in Hungary.
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Tacitus
Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (–) was a senator and a historian of the Roman Empire.
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Tanakh
The Tanakh (or; also Tenakh, Tenak, Tanach), also called the Mikra or Hebrew Bible, is the canonical collection of Jewish texts, which is also a textual source for the Christian Old Testament.
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Tartu
Tartu (South Estonian: Tarto) is the second largest city of Estonia, after Estonia's political and financial capital Tallinn.
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Teatro Comunale (Ferrara)
The Teatro Comunale (Communal Theatre) in Ferrara is an opera house, located in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna, and built between 1786 and 1797 with seating for 990.
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Terroir
Terroir (from terre, "land") is the set of all environmental factors that affect a crop's phenotype, including unique environment contexts, farming practices and a crop's specific growth habitat.
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The Garden of the Finzi-Continis
The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (Il giardino dei Finzi-Contini) is an Italian historical novel by Giorgio Bassani, published in 1962.
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The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (film)
The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (Il giardino dei Finzi-Contini) is a 1970 Italian film, directed by Vittorio de Sica.
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The Holocaust
The Holocaust, also referred to as the Shoah, was a genocide during World War II in which Nazi Germany, aided by its collaborators, systematically murdered approximately 6 million European Jews, around two-thirds of the Jewish population of Europe, between 1941 and 1945.
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The Profession of Arms (2001 film)
The Profession of Arms (Il mestiere delle armi) is a 2001 Italian film directed by Ermanno Olmi.
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Titian
Tiziano Vecelli or Tiziano Vecellio (1488/1490 – 27 August 1576), known in English as Titian, was an Italian painter, the most important member of the 16th-century Venetian school.
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Torquato Tasso
Torquato Tasso (11 March 1544 – 25 April 1595) was an Italian poet of the 16th century, best known for his poem Gerusalemme liberata (Jerusalem Delivered, 1581), in which he depicts a highly imaginative version of the combats between Christians and Muslims at the end of the First Crusade, during the Siege of Jerusalem.
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Touring Club Italiano
The Touring Club Italiano (TCI) (in English, Touring Club of Italy) is the major Italian national tourist organization.
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Ukraine
Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.
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UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
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University of Ferrara
The University of Ferrara (Università degli Studi di Ferrara) is the main university of the city of Ferrara in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy.
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University of Ferrara Botanic Garden
The University of Ferrara Botanic Garden is a 4,500 square metre botanical garden operated by the University of Ferrara.
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Urban planning
Urban planning is a technical and political process concerned with the development and design of land use in an urban environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks.
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Valli di Comacchio
The Valli di Comacchio, meaning "fish basins of Comacchio", are a series of contiguous brackish lagoons situated to the south of Comacchio, close to the Adriatic coast of the Emilia-Romagna region in northern Italy.
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Venice
Venice (Venezia,; Venesia) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
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Vestibule (architecture)
A vestibule is an anteroom (antechamber) or small foyer leading into a larger space, such as a lobby, entrance hall, passage, etc., for the purpose of waiting, withholding the larger space view, reducing heat loss, providing space for outwear, etc.
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Vicino da Ferrara
Vicino da Ferrara (1432–1509) was an Italian painter of the 15th-16th century.
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Vittorio De Sica
Vittorio De Sica (7 July 1901 – 13 November 1974) was an Italian director and actor, a leading figure in the neorealist movement.
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War of Ferrara
The War of Ferrara (also known as the Salt War, Italian: Guerra del Sale) was fought in 1482–1484 between Ercole I d'Este, duke of Ferrara, and the Papal forces mustered by Ercole's personal nemesis, Pope Sixtus IV and his Venetian allies.
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War of the League of Cambrai
The War of the League of Cambrai, sometimes known as the War of the Holy League and by several other names, was a major conflict in the Italian Wars.
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Water tower
A water tower is an elevated structure supporting a water tank constructed at a height sufficient to pressurize a water supply system for the distribution of potable water, and to provide emergency storage for fire protection.
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Wiligelmo
Wiligelmo (also known as Wiligelmus, Gulielmo da Modena, Cousin of Elmo or Guglielmo da Modena) was an Italian sculptor, active between c. 1099 and 1120.
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Wim Wenders
Ernst Wilhelm "Wim" Wenders (born 14 August 1945) is a German filmmaker, playwright, author, photographer, and a major figure in New German Cinema.
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World Heritage site
A World Heritage site is a landmark or area which is selected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance, and is legally protected by international treaties.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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Zodiac
The zodiac is an area of the sky that extends approximately 8° north or south (as measured in celestial latitude) of the ecliptic, the apparent path of the Sun across the celestial sphere over the course of the year.
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Zuppa Inglese
Zuppa Inglese (Italian for "English soup"; Albanian: Zupa) is an Italian dessert layering custard and sponge cake, perhaps derived from trifle.
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1570 Ferrara earthquake
The 1570 Ferrara earthquake struck the Italian city of Ferrara on November 16 and 17, 1570.
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2012 Northern Italy earthquakes
In May 2012, two major earthquakes struck Northern Italy, causing 27 deaths and widespread damage.
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Redirects here:
Ferarra, Ferrara, Italy, History of Ferrara, Pontelagoscuro, UN/LOCODE:ITFRR.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrara