Table of Contents
142 relations: Afro-Arabs, Al-Jahiz, Algae, Alister Hardy, Alkaloid, Animal, Apex predator, Aphid, Aquatic ecosystem, Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Autotroph, Bdellovibrio, Biocomplexity, Biofilm, Biomass, Biomass (ecology), Biomineralization, Blue whale, Carbon dioxide, Carnivore, Carnivorous plant, Castilleja, Cellular respiration, Chapman & Hall, Charles Darwin, Charles Sutherland Elton, Chemical ecology, Chemical element, Chemical reaction, Chemotroph, Chlorophyll, Community (ecology), Complex system, Consumer (food chain), Consumer–resource interactions, Cross-boundary subsidy, Cyanobacteria, Daphnia, Decomposer, Detritivore, Detritus, Earthworm, Ecological network, Ecological pyramid, Ecology, Ecosystem model, Electron donor, Electroreception and electrogenesis, Endophyte, Energy, ... Expand index (92 more) »
- Trophic ecology
Afro-Arabs
Afro-Arabs, African Arabs, or Black Arabs are Arabs who have predominantly or total Sub-Saharan African ancestry.
Al-Jahiz
Abu Uthman Amr ibn Bahr al-Kinani al-Basri (translit), commonly known as al-Jahiz (lit), was an Arabic polymath and author of works of literature (including theory and criticism), theology, zoology, philosophy, grammar, dialectics, rhetoric, philology, linguistics, and politico-religious polemics.
Algae
Algae (alga) are any of a large and diverse group of photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms.
Alister Hardy
Sir Alister Clavering Hardy (10 February 1896 – 22 May 1985) was an English marine biologist, an expert on marine ecosystems spanning organisms from zooplankton to whales.
See Food web and Alister Hardy
Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a class of basic, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom.
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the biological kingdom Animalia.
Apex predator
An apex predator, also known as a top predator or superpredator, is a predator at the top of a food chain, without natural predators of its own.
See Food web and Apex predator
Aphid
Aphids are small sap-sucking insects and members of the superfamily Aphidoidea.
Aquatic ecosystem
An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem found in and around a body of water, in contrast to land-based terrestrial ecosystems.
See Food web and Aquatic ecosystem
Arbuscular mycorrhiza
An arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) (plural mycorrhizae) is a type of mycorrhiza in which the symbiont fungus (AM fungi, or AMF) penetrates the cortical cells of the roots of a vascular plant forming arbuscules.
See Food web and Arbuscular mycorrhiza
Autotroph
An autotroph is an organism that can convert abiotic sources of energy into energy stored in organic compounds, which can be used by other organisms. Food web and autotroph are trophic ecology.
Bdellovibrio
Bdellovibrio is a genus of Gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacteria.
Biocomplexity
'Biocomplexity' is a multidisciplinary field that examines and investigates emergent properties arising from the interaction of multiple biological agents, phenomena, and systems, which may range in spatiotemporal scales, biological relationships,interactions and levels from molecules to ecosystems.
See Food web and Biocomplexity
Biofilm
A biofilm is a syntrophic community of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface.
Biomass
Biomass is a term used in several contexts: in the context of ecology it means living organisms, and in the context of bioenergy it means matter from recently living (but now dead) organisms.
Biomass (ecology)
Biomass is the mass of living biological organisms in a given area or ecosystem at a given time.
See Food web and Biomass (ecology)
Biomineralization
Biomineralization, also written biomineralisation, is the process by which living organisms produce minerals, often resulting in hardened or stiffened mineralized tissues.
See Food web and Biomineralization
Blue whale
The blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) is a marine mammal and a baleen whale.
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula.
See Food web and Carbon dioxide
Carnivore
A carnivore, or meat-eater (Latin, caro, genitive carnis, meaning meat or "flesh" and vorare meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose food and energy requirements are met by the consumption of animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) whether through hunting or scavenging.
Carnivorous plant
Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods, and occasionally small mammals and birds.
See Food web and Carnivorous plant
Castilleja
Castilleja, commonly known as paintbrush, Indian paintbrush, or prairie-fire, is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial mostly herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south to the Andes, northern Asia, and one species as far west as the Kola Peninsula in northwestern Russia.
Cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is the process by which biological fuels are oxidized in the presence of an inorganic electron acceptor, such as oxygen, to drive the bulk production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which contains energy.
See Food web and Cellular respiration
Chapman & Hall
Chapman & Hall is an imprint owned by CRC Press, originally founded as a British publishing house in London in the first half of the 19th century by Edward Chapman and William Hall.
See Food web and Chapman & Hall
Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology.
See Food web and Charles Darwin
Charles Sutherland Elton
Charles Sutherland Elton (29 March 1900 – 1 May 1991) was an English zoologist and animal ecologist.
See Food web and Charles Sutherland Elton
Chemical ecology
Chemical ecology is the study of chemically mediated interactions between living organisms, and the effects of those interactions on the demography, behavior and ultimately evolution of the organisms involved.
See Food web and Chemical ecology
Chemical element
A chemical element is a chemical substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions.
See Food web and Chemical element
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.
See Food web and Chemical reaction
Chemotroph
A chemotroph Greek words “chemo” (meaning chemical) and “troph” (meaning nourishment) is an organism that obtains energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments. Food web and chemotroph are trophic ecology.
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants.
Community (ecology)
In ecology, a community is a group or association of populations of two or more different species occupying the same geographical area at the same time, also known as a biocoenosis, biotic community, biological community, ecological community, or life assemblage.
See Food web and Community (ecology)
Complex system
A complex system is a system composed of many components which may interact with each other.
See Food web and Complex system
Consumer (food chain)
A consumer in a food chain is a living creature that eats organisms from a different population. Food web and consumer (food chain) are trophic ecology.
See Food web and Consumer (food chain)
Consumer–resource interactions
Consumer–resource interactions are the core motif of ecological food chains or food webs, and are an umbrella term for a variety of more specialized types of biological species interactions including prey-predator (see predation), host-parasite (see parasitism), plant-herbivore and victim-exploiter systems.
See Food web and Consumer–resource interactions
Cross-boundary subsidy
Cross-boundary subsidies are caused by organisms or materials that cross or traverse habitat patch boundaries, subsidizing the resident populations.
See Food web and Cross-boundary subsidy
Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria, also called Cyanobacteriota or Cyanophyta, are a phylum of autotrophic gram-negative bacteria that can obtain biological energy via oxygenic photosynthesis.
See Food web and Cyanobacteria
Daphnia
Daphnia is a genus of small planktonic crustaceans, in length.
Decomposer
Decomposers are organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms; they carry out decomposition, a process possible by only certain kingdoms, such as fungi.
Detritivore
Detritivores (also known as detrivores, detritophages, detritus feeders or detritus eaters) are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by consuming detritus (decomposing plant and animal parts as well as feces).
Detritus
In biology, detritus is dead particulate organic material, as distinguished from dissolved organic material.
Earthworm
An earthworm is a soil-dwelling terrestrial invertebrate that belongs to the phylum Annelida.
Ecological network
An ecological network is a representation of the biotic interactions in an ecosystem, in which species (nodes) are connected by pairwise interactions (links).
See Food web and Ecological network
Ecological pyramid
An ecological pyramid (also trophic pyramid, Eltonian pyramid, energy pyramid, or sometimes food pyramid) is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bioproductivity at each trophic level in an ecosystem.
See Food web and Ecological pyramid
Ecology
Ecology is the natural science of the relationships among living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment.
Ecosystem model
An ecosystem model is an abstract, usually mathematical, representation of an ecological system (ranging in scale from an individual population, to an ecological community, or even an entire biome), which is studied to better understand the real system.
See Food web and Ecosystem model
Electron donor
In chemistry, an electron donor is a chemical entity that transfers electrons to another compound.
See Food web and Electron donor
Electroreception and electrogenesis
Electroreception and electrogenesis are the closely related biological abilities to perceive electrical stimuli and to generate electric fields.
See Food web and Electroreception and electrogenesis
Endophyte
An endophyte is an endosymbiont, often a bacterium or fungus, that lives within a plant for at least part of its life cycle without causing apparent disease.
Energy
Energy is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat and light.
Energy flow (ecology)
Energy flow is the flow of energy through living things within an ecosystem.
See Food web and Energy flow (ecology)
Entropy
Entropy is a scientific concept that is most commonly associated with a state of disorder, randomness, or uncertainty.
Euphydryas editha taylori
Euphydryas editha taylori, the Whulge checkerspot or Taylor's checkerspot, is a butterfly native to an area of the northwestern United States and Vancouver Island.
See Food web and Euphydryas editha taylori
Food
Food is any substance consumed by an organism for nutritional support.
Food chain
A food chain is a linear network of links in a food web, often starting with an autotroph (such as grass or algae), also called a producer, and typically ending at an apex predator (such as grizzly bears or killer whales), detritivore (such as earthworms and woodlice), or decomposer (such as fungi or bacteria).
Functional group (ecology)
A functional group is merely a set of species, or collection of organisms, that share alike characteristics within a community.
See Food web and Functional group (ecology)
Gas
Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter.
See Food web and Gas
Generalist and specialist species
A generalist species is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources (for example, a heterotroph with a varied diet).
See Food web and Generalist and specialist species
Green world hypothesis
The green world hypothesis proposes that predators are the primary regulators of ecosystems: they are the reason the world is 'green', by regulating the herbivores that would otherwise consume all the greenery. Food web and green world hypothesis are trophic ecology.
See Food web and Green world hypothesis
Herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet.
Herring
Herring are forage fish, mostly belonging to the family of Clupeidae.
Heterotroph
A heterotroph is an organism that cannot produce its own food, instead taking nutrition from other sources of organic carbon, mainly plant or animal matter. Food web and heterotroph are trophic ecology.
Hot spring
A hot spring, hydrothermal spring, or geothermal spring is a spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater onto the surface of the Earth.
Human
Humans (Homo sapiens, meaning "thinking man") or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus Homo.
Hydrothermal vent
Hydrothermal vents are fissures on the seabed from which geothermally heated water discharges.
See Food web and Hydrothermal vent
Inorganic compound
An inorganic compound is typically a chemical compound that lacks carbon–hydrogen bondsthat is, a compound that is not an organic compound.
See Food web and Inorganic compound
Invertebrate
Invertebrates is an umbrella term describing animals that neither develop nor retain a vertebral column (commonly known as a spine or backbone), which evolved from the notochord.
John Bruckner
John Bruckner (also Jean or Johannes) (31 December 1726 – 12 May 1804) was a Dutch Lutheran minister and author, who settled in Norwich, England.
See Food web and John Bruckner
Keystone species
A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its natural environment relative to its abundance.
See Food web and Keystone species
Knowable Magazine
Knowable Magazine is a non-profit, editorially independent online publication from science publisher Annual Reviews that discusses scientific discoveries and the significance of scholarly work in a journalistic style.
See Food web and Knowable Magazine
Larva
A larva (larvae) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage.
Leachate
A leachate is any liquid that, in the course of passing through matter, extracts soluble or suspended solids, or any other component of the material through which it has passed.
Lithotroph
Lithotrophs are a diverse group of organisms using an inorganic substrate (usually of mineral origin) to obtain reducing equivalents for use in biosynthesis (e.g., carbon dioxide fixation) or energy conservation (i.e., ATP production) via aerobic or anaerobic respiration.
Lorenzo Camerano
Lorenzo Camerano (9 April 1856 Biella – 22 November 1917 Turin) was an Italian herpetologist and entomologist.
See Food web and Lorenzo Camerano
Maintenance of an organism
Maintenance of an organism is the collection of processes to stay alive, excluding production processes.
See Food web and Maintenance of an organism
Marine food web
A marine food web is a food web of marine life. Food web and marine food web are trophic ecology.
See Food web and Marine food web
Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis is the statistical combination of the results of multiple studies addressing a similar research question.
See Food web and Meta-analysis
Metabolism
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
Microbial food web
The microbial food web refers to the combined trophic interactions among microbes in aquatic environments.
See Food web and Microbial food web
Microcosm (experimental ecosystem)
Microcosms are artificial, simplified ecosystems that are used to simulate and predict the behaviour of natural ecosystems under controlled conditions.
See Food web and Microcosm (experimental ecosystem)
Microorganism
A microorganism, or microbe, is an organism of microscopic size, which may exist in its single-celled form or as a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from sixth century BC India. The scientific study of microorganisms began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
See Food web and Microorganism
Microscopic scale
The microscopic scale is the scale of objects and events smaller than those that can easily be seen by the naked eye, requiring a lens or microscope to see them clearly.
See Food web and Microscopic scale
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.
Mineral
In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid substance with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.
Mineral (nutrient)
In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element.
See Food web and Mineral (nutrient)
Mineral spring
Mineral springs are naturally occurring springs that produce hard water, water that contains dissolved minerals.
See Food web and Mineral spring
Mixotroph
A mixotroph is an organism that can use a mix of different sources of energy and carbon, instead of having a single trophic mode on the continuum from complete autotrophy at one end to heterotrophy at the other. Food web and mixotroph are trophic ecology.
Network theory
In mathematics, computer science and network science, network theory is a part of graph theory.
See Food web and Network theory
Network topology
Network topology is the arrangement of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a communication network.
See Food web and Network topology
Nutrient
A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce.
Nutrient cycle
A nutrient cycle (or ecological recycling) is the movement and exchange of inorganic and organic matter back into the production of matter.
See Food web and Nutrient cycle
Oligophagy
Oligophagy refers to the eating of only a few specific foods, and to monophagy when restricted to a single food source.
Organic matter
Organic matter, organic material, or natural organic matter refers to the large source of carbon-based compounds found within natural and engineered, terrestrial, and aquatic environments.
See Food web and Organic matter
Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods.
Paleoecology
Paleoecology (also spelled palaeoecology) is the study of interactions between organisms and/or interactions between organisms and their environments across geologic timescales.
Parasitism
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life.
Periphyton
Periphyton is a complex mixture of algae, cyanobacteria, heterotrophic microbes, and detritus that is attached to submerged surfaces in most aquatic ecosystems.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a system of biological processes by which photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical energy necessary to fuel their metabolism.
See Food web and Photosynthesis
Phytoplankton
Phytoplankton are the autotrophic (self-feeding) components of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems.
See Food web and Phytoplankton
Plant litter
Plant litter (also leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, litterfall or duff) is dead plant material (such as leaves, bark, needles, twigs, and cladodes) that have fallen to the ground.
Plantago
Plantago is a genus of about 200 species of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae, commonly called plantains or fleaworts.
Polar bear
The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is a large bear native to the Arctic and nearby areas.
Power law
In statistics, a power law is a functional relationship between two quantities, where a relative change in one quantity results in a relative change in the other quantity proportional to a power of the change, independent of the initial size of those quantities: one quantity varies as a power of another.
Predation
Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey.
Primary production
In ecology, primary production is the synthesis of organic compounds from atmospheric or aqueous carbon dioxide.
See Food web and Primary production
Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.
See Food web and Princeton University Press
Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society is a quarterly journal published by the American Philosophical Society since 1838.
See Food web and Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
Productivity (ecology)
In ecology, the term productivity refers to the rate of generation of biomass in an ecosystem, usually expressed in units of mass per volume (unit surface) per unit of time, such as grams per square metre per day (g m−2 d−1).
See Food web and Productivity (ecology)
Quantitative research
Quantitative research is a research strategy that focuses on quantifying the collection and analysis of data.
See Food web and Quantitative research
Raymond Lindeman
Raymond Laurel Lindeman (July 24, 1915 – June 29, 1942) was an ecologist whose graduate research is credited with being a seminal study in the field of ecosystem ecology, specifically on the topic of trophic dynamics.
See Food web and Raymond Lindeman
Reproduction
Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents.
Robert May, Baron May of Oxford
Robert McCredie May, Baron May of Oxford, HonFAIB (8 January 1936 – 28 April 2020) was an Australian scientist who was Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government, President of the Royal Society, and a professor at the University of Sydney and Princeton University.
See Food web and Robert May, Baron May of Oxford
Saprotrophic nutrition
Saprotrophic nutrition or lysotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion involved in the processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter.
See Food web and Saprotrophic nutrition
Scale-free network
A scale-free network is a network whose degree distribution follows a power law, at least asymptotically.
See Food web and Scale-free network
Scavenger
Scavengers are animals that consume dead organisms that have died from causes other than predation or have been killed by other predators.
Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
See Food web and Science (journal)
Second law of thermodynamics
The second law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal empirical observation concerning heat and energy interconversions.
See Food web and Second law of thermodynamics
Secondary growth
In botany, secondary growth is the growth that results from cell division in the cambia or lateral meristems and that causes the stems and roots to thicken, while primary growth is growth that occurs as a result of cell division at the tips of stems and roots, causing them to elongate, and gives rise to primary tissue.
See Food web and Secondary growth
Sediment
Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice or by the force of gravity acting on the particles.
Sequoiadendron giganteum
Sequoiadendron giganteum, also known as the giant sequoia, giant redwood or Sierra redwood is a coniferous tree, classified in the family Cupressaceae in the subfamily Sequoioideae.
See Food web and Sequoiadendron giganteum
Small-world network
A small-world network is a graph characterized by a high clustering coefficient and low distances.
See Food web and Small-world network
Soil
Soil, also commonly referred to as earth or dirt, is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support the life of plants and soil organisms.
Soil food web
The soil food web is the community of organisms living all or part of their lives in the soil.
See Food web and Soil food web
Species
A species (species) is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction.
Species richness
Species richness is the number of different species represented in an ecological community, landscape or region.
See Food web and Species richness
Sugar
Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food.
Sun
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.
See Food web and Sun
Synonym
A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language.
Taxon
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from taxonomy;: taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit.
Taxonomy (biology)
In biology, taxonomy is the scientific study of naming, defining (circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics.
See Food web and Taxonomy (biology)
The American Naturalist
The American Naturalist is the monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal of the American Society of Naturalists, whose purpose is "to advance and to diffuse knowledge of organic evolution and other broad biological principles so as to enhance the conceptual unification of the biological sciences." It was established in 1867 and is published by the University of Chicago Press.
See Food web and The American Naturalist
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis.
See Food web and Theoretical ecology
Thiobacillus
Thiobacillus is a genus of Gram-negative Betaproteobacteria.
Tonne
The tonne (or; symbol: t) is a unit of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms.
Tritrophic interactions in plant defense
Tritrophic interactions in plant defense against herbivory describe the ecological impacts of three trophic levels on each other: the plant, the herbivore, and its natural enemies.
See Food web and Tritrophic interactions in plant defense
Trophic cascade
Trophic cascades are powerful indirect interactions that can control entire ecosystems, occurring when a trophic level in a food web is suppressed. Food web and trophic cascade are trophic ecology.
See Food web and Trophic cascade
Trophic level
The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies in a food web.
See Food web and Trophic level
Trophic species
Trophic species are a scientific grouping of organisms according to their shared trophic (feeding) positions in a food web or food chain.
See Food web and Trophic species
University of Chicago Press
The University of Chicago Press is the university press of the University of Chicago, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.
See Food web and University of Chicago Press
Victor Ernest Shelford
Victor Ernest Shelford (September 22, 1877 – December 27, 1968) was an American zoologist and animal ecologist who helped to establish ecology as a distinct field of study.
See Food web and Victor Ernest Shelford
Virus
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
Zooplankton
Zooplankton are the animal (or heterotrophic) component of the planktonic community (the "zoo-" prefix comes from), having to consume other organisms to thrive.
See also
Trophic ecology
- Apex predators
- Aquatic-terrestrial subsidies
- Ascendency
- Autotroph
- Bacterivore
- Chemotroph
- Consumer (food chain)
- Copiotroph
- Ecological efficiency
- Electrolithoautotroph
- Energy systems language
- Food chains
- Food web
- Green world hypothesis
- Heterotroph
- Heterotrophic nutrition
- Kinetotroph
- Marine food web
- Microbial metabolism
- Microbial oxidation of sulfur
- Mixotroph
- Mycotroph
- Ophiophagy
- Photoautotrophism
- Photoheterotroph
- Phototroph
- Primary nutritional groups
- Retinalophototroph
- Saprotrophic bacteria
- Trophic cascade
References
Also known as Detrital food web, Detrital web, Food web dynamics, Food webs, Food-web, Foodweb, Foodweb dynamics, Multi-trophic interaction, Multitrophic interaction, Trophic Levels, Trophic dynamics, Trophic network, Trophic web, Web of life.