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Franklin D. Roosevelt

Index Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), commonly known by his initials FDR, was an American politician who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 549 relations: Abraham Lincoln, Acclamation, Adjusted Compensation Payment Act, Admiralty law, Adolf Hitler, Agricultural Adjustment Act, Air Mail scandal, Al Smith, Albert Einstein, Albert Ottinger, Alf Landon, Allied invasion of Italy, Allied invasion of Sicily, Allies of World War II, Alpha Delta Phi, America First Committee, American Civil War, American Economic Review, American Experience, American Legion, American Liberty League, American Peace Award, American Presidents: Life Portraits, American-British-Dutch-Australian Command, Angina, Anna Roosevelt Halsted, Anschluss, Anton Cermak, Arcadia Conference, Armed Forces of the Philippines, Armistice of 11 November 1918, Armistice of Cassibile, Arsenal of Democracy, Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Atherosclerosis, Atlantic Charter, Attack on Pearl Harbor, August Adolph Gennerich, Australia, Axis powers, Bachelor of Arts, Banana Wars, Battle of France, Battle of Leyte Gulf, Battle of Midway, Battle of Stalingrad, Battleship, Beekman Winthrop, Benito Mussolini, ... Expand index (499 more) »

  2. 1920 United States vice-presidential candidates
  3. 20th-century presidents of the United States
  4. Candidates in the 1932 United States presidential election
  5. Candidates in the 1936 United States presidential election
  6. Candidates in the 1940 United States presidential election
  7. Candidates in the 1944 United States presidential election
  8. Delano family
  9. Democratic Party governors of New York (state)
  10. Democratic Party presidents of the United States
  11. Members of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks
  12. New Deal
  13. Presidents of the United States who died while in office

Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician, and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln are presidents of the United States.

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Acclamation

An acclamation is a form of election that does not use a ballot.

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Adjusted Compensation Payment Act

The Adjusted Compensation Payment Act (January 27, 1936) was a piece of United States legislation that provided for the issuance of US Treasury Bonds to veterans who had served in World War I as a form of economic stimulus and relief.

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Admiralty law

Admiralty law or maritime law is a body of law that governs nautical issues and private maritime disputes.

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Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Adolf Hitler are time Person of the Year and world War II political leaders.

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Agricultural Adjustment Act

The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) was a United States federal law of the New Deal era designed to boost agricultural prices by reducing surpluses.

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Air Mail scandal

The Air Mail scandal, also known as the Air Mail fiasco, is the name that the American press gave to the political scandal resulting from a 1934 congressional investigation of the awarding of contracts to certain airlines to carry airmail and the subsequent disastrous use of the U.S. Army Air Corps to fly the mail after the contracts were revoked.

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Al Smith

Alfred Emanuel Smith (December 30, 1873 – October 4, 1944) was an American politician who served four terms as the 42nd governor of New York and was the Democratic Party's presidential nominee in 1928. Franklin D. Roosevelt and al Smith are candidates in the 1932 United States presidential election and Democratic Party governors of New York (state).

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Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely held as one of the most influential scientists. Best known for developing the theory of relativity, Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics. His mass–energy equivalence formula, which arises from relativity theory, has been called "the world's most famous equation".

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Albert Ottinger

Albert E. Ottinger (September 10, 1878 – January 13, 1938) was an American lawyer and politician. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Albert Ottinger are Burials in New York (state).

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Alf Landon

Alfred Mossman Landon (September 9, 1887October 12, 1987) was an American oilman and politician who served as the 26th governor of Kansas from 1933 to 1937. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Alf Landon are candidates in the 1936 United States presidential election.

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Allied invasion of Italy

The Allied invasion of Italy was the Allied amphibious landing on mainland Italy that took place from 3 September 1943, during the Italian campaign of World War II.

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Allied invasion of Sicily

The Allied invasion of Sicily, also known as the Battle of Sicily and Operation Husky, was a major campaign of World War II in which the Allied forces invaded the island of Sicily in July 1943 and took it from the Axis powers (Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany).

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Allies of World War II

The Allies, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers.

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Alpha Delta Phi

Alpha Delta Phi (ΑΔΦ; commonly known as Alpha Delt, ADPhi, A-Delt, or ADP) is a North American Greek-letter social college fraternity.

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America First Committee

The America First Committee (AFC) was an American isolationist pressure group against the United States' entry into World War II.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.

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American Economic Review

The American Economic Review is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal first published by the American Economic Association in 1911.

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American Experience

American Experience is a television program airing on the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in the United States.

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American Legion

The American Legion, commonly known as the Legion, is an organization of U.S. war veterans headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana.

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American Liberty League

The American Liberty League was an American political organization formed in 1934. Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Liberty League are new Deal.

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American Peace Award

The American Peace Award is awarded to American citizens working to further the cause of world peace.

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American Presidents: Life Portraits

American Presidents: Life Portraits is a series produced by C-SPAN in 1999.

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American-British-Dutch-Australian Command

The American-British-Dutch-Australian (ABDA) Command, or ABDACOM, was the short-lived supreme command for all Allied forces in South East Asia in early 1942, during the Pacific War in World War II.

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Angina

Angina, also known as angina pectoris, is chest pain or pressure, usually caused by insufficient blood flow to the heart muscle (myocardium).

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Anna Roosevelt Halsted

Anna Eleanor Roosevelt Halsted (May 3, 1906 – December 1, 1975) was an American writer who worked as a newspaper editor and in public relations. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Anna Roosevelt Halsted are Delano family and Roosevelt family.

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Anschluss

The Anschluss (or Anschluß), also known as the Anschluß Österreichs (Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the German Reich on 13 March 1938.

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Anton Cermak

Anton Joseph Cermak (May 9, 1873 – March 6, 1933) was an American politician who served as the 44th Mayor of Chicago from April 7, 1931, until his death in 1933.

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Arcadia Conference

The First Washington Conference, also known as the Arcadia Conference (ARCADIA was the code name used for the conference), was held in Washington, D.C., from December 22, 1941, to January 14, 1942.

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Armed Forces of the Philippines

The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) (Sandatahang Lakas ng Pilipinas) are the military forces of the Philippines.

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Armistice of 11 November 1918

The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was the armistice signed at Le Francport near Compiègne that ended fighting on land, at sea, and in the air in World War I between the Entente and their last remaining opponent, Germany.

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Armistice of Cassibile

The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice that was signed on 3 September 1943 between Italy and the Allies during World War II.

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Arsenal of Democracy

"Arsenal of Democracy" was the central phrase used by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a radio broadcast on the threat to national security, delivered on December 29, 1940—nearly a year before the United States entered the Second World War (1939–1945).

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Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.

Arthur Meier Schlesinger Jr. (born Arthur Bancroft Schlesinger; October 15, 1917 – February 28, 2007) was an American historian, social critic, and public intellectual.

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Assistant Secretary of the Navy

Assistant Secretary of the Navy (ASN) is the title given to certain civilian senior officials in the United States Department of the Navy. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Assistant Secretary of the Navy are united States Assistant Secretaries of the Navy.

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Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a pattern of the disease arteriosclerosis, characterized by development of abnormalities called lesions in walls of arteries.

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Atlantic Charter

The Atlantic Charter was a statement issued on 14 August 1941 that set out American and British goals for the world after the end of World War II, months before the US officially entered the war.

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Attack on Pearl Harbor

The attack on Pearl HarborAlso known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii, in the United States, just before 8:00a.m. (local time) on Sunday, December 7, 1941.

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August Adolph Gennerich

August Adolph Gennerich (February 10, 1887 – December 1, 1936) was a New York City police officer, U.S. Secret Service Agent, and the bodyguard of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands.

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Axis powers

The Axis powers, originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies.

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Bachelor of Arts

A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A., BA, A.B. or AB; from the Latin baccalaureus artium, baccalaureus in artibus, or artium baccalaureus) is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines.

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Banana Wars

The Banana Wars were a series of conflicts that consisted of military occupation, police action, and intervention by the United States in Central America and the Caribbean between the end of the Spanish–American War in 1898 and the inception of the Good Neighbor Policy in 1934.

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Battle of France

The Battle of France (bataille de France; 10 May – 25 June 1940), also known as the Western Campaign (German: Westfeldzug), the French Campaign (Frankreichfeldzug, campagne de France) and the Fall of France, during the Second World War was the German invasion of France, that notably introduced tactics that are still used.

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Battle of Leyte Gulf

The Battle of Leyte Gulf (Filipino: Labanan sa Golpo ng Leyte) was the largest naval battle of World War II and by some criteria the largest naval battle in history, with over 200,000 naval personnel involved.

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Battle of Midway

The Battle of Midway was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II that took place 4–7 June 1942, six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea.

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Battle of Stalingrad

The Battle of StalingradSchlacht von Stalingrad see; p (17 July 19422 February 1943) was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II, beginning when Nazi Germany and its Axis allies attacked and became locked in a protracted struggle with the Soviet Union for control over the Soviet city of Stalingrad in southern Russia.

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Battleship

A battleship is a large, heavily armored warship with a main battery consisting of large-caliber guns, designed to serve as capital ships with the most intense firepower.

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Beekman Winthrop

Beekman Winthrop (September 18, 1874 – November 10, 1940) was an American lawyer, government official and banker. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Beekman Winthrop are united States Assistant Secretaries of the Navy.

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Benito Mussolini

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian dictator who founded and led the National Fascist Party (PNF). Franklin D. Roosevelt and Benito Mussolini are world War II political leaders.

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Black Cabinet

In his twelve years in office, United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt did not appoint or nominate a single African American to be either a secretary or undersecretary in his presidential cabinet. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Black Cabinet are new Deal.

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Board of Economic Warfare

The Office of Administrator of Export Control (also referred to as the Export Control Administration) was established in the United States by Presidential Proclamation 2413, July 2, 1940, to administer export licensing provisions of the act of July 2, 1940 (54 Stat. 714).

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Bonus Army

The Bonus Army was a group of 43,000 demonstrators – 17,000 veterans of U.S. involvement in World War I, their families, and affiliated groups – who gathered in Washington, D.C., in mid-1932 to demand early cash redemption of their service bonus certificates.

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Bourbon Democrat

Bourbon Democrat was a term used in the United States in the later 19th century and early 20th century (1872–1904) to refer to members of the Democratic Party who were ideologically aligned with fiscal conservatism or classical liberalism, especially those who supported presidential candidates Charles O'Conor in 1872, Samuel J. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Bourbon Democrat are liberalism in the United States.

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Brain trust

Brain trust was a term that originally described a group of close advisers to a political candidate or incumbent; these were often academics who were prized for their expertise in particular fields.

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Bretton Woods Conference

The Bretton Woods Conference, formally known as the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, was the gathering of 730 delegates from all 44 allied nations at the Mount Washington Hotel, in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, United States, to regulate the international monetary and financial order after the conclusion of World War II.

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British Malaya

The term "British Malaya" (Tanah Melayu British) loosely describes a set of states on the Malay Peninsula and the island of Singapore that were brought under British hegemony or control between the late 18th and the mid-20th century.

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C-SPAN

Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network (C-SPAN) is an American cable and satellite television network, created in 1979 by the cable television industry as a nonprofit public service.

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Cairo Conference

The Cairo Conference (codenamed Sextant), also known as the First Cairo Conference, was one of 14 summit meetings during World War II, which took place on November 22–26, 1943.

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Calvin Coolidge

Calvin Coolidge (born John Calvin Coolidge Jr.;; July 4, 1872January 5, 1933) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 30th president of the United States from 1923 to 1929. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Calvin Coolidge are 1920 United States vice-presidential candidates, 20th-century presidents of the United States and presidents of the United States.

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Campobello Island

Campobello Island (also) is the largest and only inhabited island in Campobello, a geographic parish in southwestern New Brunswick, Canada, near the border with Maine, United States.

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Capital strike

Capital strike is the practice of businesses withholding any form of new investment in an economy, in order to attain some form of favorable policy.

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Carter Ledyard & Milburn

Carter Ledyard & Milburn LLP is an American law firm based in New York City.

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Casablanca Conference

The Casablanca Conference (codenamed SYMBOL) or Anfa Conference was held in Casablanca, French Morocco, from January 14 to 24, 1943, to plan the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II.

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Cash and carry (World War II)

Cash and Carry was a policy by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt announced at a joint session of the United States Congress on September 21, 1939, subsequent to the outbreak of war in Europe.

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Chain smoking

Chain smoking is the practice of smoking several cigarettes in succession, sometimes using the ember of a finishing cigarette to light the next.

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Charles Coughlin

Charles Edward Coughlin (October 25, 1891 – October 27, 1979), commonly known as Father Coughlin, was a Canadian-American Catholic priest based in the United States near Detroit.

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Charles de Gaulle

Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French military officer and statesman who led the Free French Forces against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Republic from 1944 to 1946 to restore democracy in France. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Charles de Gaulle are time Person of the Year and world War II political leaders.

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Charles Evans Hughes

Charles Evans Hughes Sr. (April 11, 1862 – August 27, 1948) was an American statesman, politician, academic, and jurist who served as the 11th chief justice of the United States from 1930 to 1941.

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Charles Francis Murphy

Charles Francis "Silent Charlie" Murphy (June 20, 1858 – April 25, 1924), also known as Boss Murphy, was an American political figure.

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Charles Lindbergh

Charles Augustus Lindbergh (February 4, 1902 – August 26, 1974) was an American aviator and military officer. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Charles Lindbergh are time Person of the Year.

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Charles W. Bryan

Charles Wayland Bryan (February 10, 1867 – March 4, 1945) was an American businessman and politician who served as the 20th and 23rd Governor of Nebraska, and Mayor of Lincoln, Nebraska, and was the Democratic nominee for Vice President in 1924. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Charles W. Bryan are Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees.

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Chiang Kai-shek

Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 18875 April 1975) was a Chinese statesman, revolutionary, and military commander. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Chiang Kai-shek are time Person of the Year and world War II political leaders.

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Chief of Naval Operations

The chief of naval operations (CNO) is the highest-ranking officer of the United States Navy.

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Child labor laws in the United States

Child labor laws in the United States address issues related to the employment and welfare of working children in the United States.

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Civil liberties in the United States

Civil liberties in the United States are certain unalienable rights retained by (as opposed to privileges granted to) citizens of the United States under the Constitution of the United States, as interpreted and clarified by the Supreme Court of the United States and lower federal courts.

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Civilian Conservation Corps

The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was a voluntary government work relief program that ran from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men ages 18–25 and eventually expanded to ages 17–28.

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Claire Lee Chennault

Claire Lee Chennault (September 6, 1893 – July 27, 1958) was an American military aviator best known for his leadership of the "Flying Tigers" and the Chinese Nationalist Air Force in World War II.

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Clement Attlee

Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, (3 January 18838 October 1967) was a British statesman and Labour Party politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Clement Attlee are world War II political leaders.

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Collective bargaining

Collective bargaining is a process of negotiation between employers and a group of employees aimed at agreements to regulate working salaries, working conditions, benefits, and other aspects of workers' compensation and rights for workers.

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Columbia County, New York

Columbia County is a county in the U.S. state of New York.

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Columbia Law School

Columbia Law School (CLS) is the law school of Columbia University, a private Ivy League university in New York City.

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Columbia University

Columbia University, officially Columbia University in the City of New York, is a private Ivy League research university in New York City.

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Combined Chiefs of Staff

The Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS) was the supreme military staff for the United States and Britain during World War II.

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Combined Munitions Assignments Board

The Combined Munitions Assignments Board was a major government agency for the U.S. and Britain in World War II.

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Concentration camp

A concentration camp is a form of internment camp for confining political prisoners or politically targeted demographics, such as members of national or minority ethnic groups, on the grounds of state security, or for exploitation or punishment.

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Conservative coalition

The conservative coalition, founded in 1937, was an unofficial alliance of members of the United States Congress which brought together the conservative wings of the Republican and Democratic parties to oppose President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal.

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Constitution of the United States

The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States.

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Cordell Hull

Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871July 23, 1955) was an American politician from Tennessee and the longest-serving U.S. Secretary of State, holding the position for 11 years (1933–1944) in the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt during most of World War II. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Cordell Hull are candidates in the 1940 United States presidential election and world War II political leaders.

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Coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial ischemia, or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart.

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Council of National Defense

The Council of National Defense was a United States organization formed during World War I to coordinate resources and industry in support of the war effort, including the coordination of transportation, industrial and farm production, financial support for the war, and public morale.

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Criticism of Franklin D. Roosevelt

Before, during and after his presidential terms and continuing today, there has been criticism of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945).

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Cuba

Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba, Isla de la Juventud, archipelagos, 4,195 islands and cays surrounding the main island.

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Cullen–Harrison Act

The Cullen–Harrison Act, named for its sponsors, Senator Pat Harrison and Representative Thomas H. Cullen, enacted by the United States Congress on March 21, 1933, and signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt the following day, legalized the sale in the United States of beer with an alcohol content of 3.2% (by weight) and wine of similarly low alcohol content, thought to be too low to be intoxicating, effective April 7, 1933.

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Cultural depictions of Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States, has inspired or been portrayed in numerous cultural works.

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Current (newspaper)

Current is an American trade journal that covers public broadcasting in the United States.

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Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko) was a landlocked state in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary.

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David Wyman

David Sword Wyman (6 March 1929 – 14 March 2018) was the Josiah DuBois professor of history at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

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Day of Infamy speech

The "Day of Infamy" speech, sometimes referred to as the Infamy speech, was a speech delivered by Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, to a joint session of Congress on December 8, 1941.

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Debouch

In hydrology, a debouch (or debouche) is a place where runoff from a small, confined space discharges into a larger, broader body of water.

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Declaration by United Nations

The Declaration by United Nations was the main treaty that formalized the Allies of World War II and was signed by 47 national governments between 1942 and 1945.

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Deflation

In economics, deflation is a decrease in the general price level of goods and services.

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Delano family

In the United States, members of the Delano family include U.S. presidents Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Ulysses S. Grant and Calvin Coolidge, astronaut Alan B. Shepard, and writer Laura Ingalls Wilder.

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Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States.

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Destroyer

In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast, maneuverable, long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy, or carrier battle group and defend them against a wide range of general threats.

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Destroyers-for-bases deal

The destroyers-for-bases deal was an agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom on September 2, 1940, according to which 50,, and -class US Navy destroyers were transferred to the Royal Navy from the US Navy in exchange for land rights on British possessions.

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Dime (United States coin)

The dime, in United States usage, is a ten-cent coin, one tenth of a United States dollar, labeled formally as "one dime".

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Diplomatic History (journal)

Diplomatic History is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the foreign relations history of the United States.

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Donald Wills Douglas Sr.

Donald Wills Douglas Sr. (April 6, 1892 – February 1, 1981) was an American aircraft industrialist and engineer.

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Douglas MacArthur

Douglas MacArthur (26 January 18805 April 1964) was an American military leader who served as General of the Army for the United States, as well as a field marshal to the Philippine Army. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Douglas MacArthur are American Episcopalians and candidates in the 1944 United States presidential election.

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Due process

Due process of law is application by the state of all legal rules and principles pertaining to a case so all legal rights that are owed to a person are respected.

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Dumbarton Oaks Conference

The Dumbarton Oaks Conference, or, more formally, the Washington Conversations on International Peace and Security Organization, was an international conference at which proposals for the establishment of a "general international organization", which was to become the United Nations, were formulated and negotiated.

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Dutch East Indies

The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies (Nederlands(ch)-Indië) and Dutch Indonesia, was a Dutch colony with territory mostly comprising the modern state of Indonesia, which declared independence on 17 August 1945.

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Dutchess County, New York

Dutchess County is a county in the U.S. state of New York.

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Dwight D. Eisenhower

Dwight David Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969), nicknamed Ike, was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Dwight D. Eisenhower are 20th-century presidents of the United States, American anti-fascists, presidents of the United States and time Person of the Year.

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Eastern Front (World War II)

The Eastern Front, also known as the Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union and its successor states, and the German–Soviet War in contemporary German and Ukrainian historiographies, was a theatre of World War II fought between the European Axis powers and Allies, including the Soviet Union (USSR) and Poland.

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Edward Bok

Edward William Bok (born Eduard Willem Gerard Cesar Hidde Bok) (October 9, 1863 – January 9, 1930) was a Dutch-born American editor and Pulitzer Prize-winning author.

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Eight-hour day

The eight-hour day (also known as the 40-hour week movement or the short-time movement) was a social movement to regulate the length of a working day, preventing excesses and abuses of working time.

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Einstein–Szilard letter

The Einstein–Szilard letter was a letter written by Leo Szilard and signed by Albert Einstein on August 2, 1939, that was sent to President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt.

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Eleanor and Franklin (book)

Eleanor and Franklin: The Story of Their Relationship, Based on Eleanor Roosevelt's Private Papers is a 1971 biography of Eleanor Roosevelt written by Joseph P. Lash.

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Eleanor Roosevelt

Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (October 11, 1884November 7, 1962) was an American political figure, diplomat, and activist. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Eleanor Roosevelt are American anti-fascists, Delano family, liberalism in the United States and Roosevelt family.

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Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site

Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site was established by the U.S. Congress to commemorate the life and accomplishments of Eleanor Roosevelt.

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Elihu Root

Elihu Root (February 15, 1845February 7, 1937) was an American lawyer, Republican politician, and statesman who served as the 41st United States Secretary of War under presidents William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt and the 38th United States Secretary of State under Roosevelt.

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Elizabeth Shoumatoff

Elizabeth Shoumatoff, née Avinoff, (December 19, 1888 – November 30, 1980) was a portrait painter who painted the Unfinished portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

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Elliott Roosevelt (general)

Elliott Roosevelt (September 23, 1910 – October 27, 1990) was an American aviation official and wartime officer in the United States Army Air Forces, reaching the rank of brigadier general. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Elliott Roosevelt (general) are Delano family and Roosevelt family.

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Elliott Roosevelt (socialite)

Elliott Roosevelt (February 28, 1860 – August 14, 1894) was an American socialite. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Elliott Roosevelt (socialite) are Roosevelt family.

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Emergency Banking Act of 1933

The Emergency Banking Act (EBA) (the official title of which was the Emergency Banking Relief Act), Public Law 73-1, 48 Stat.

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Employment discrimination

Employment discrimination is a form of illegal discrimination in the workplace based on legally protected characteristics.

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Endicott Peabody (educator)

The Reverend Endicott Peabody (May 31, 1857 – November 17, 1944) was an American Episcopal priest who founded Groton School in 1884 and Brooks School in 1926. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Endicott Peabody (educator) are American Episcopalians.

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Environmental history

Environmental history is the study of human interaction with the natural world over time, emphasising the active role nature plays in influencing human affairs and vice versa.

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Ernest J. King

Ernest Joseph King (23 November 1878 – 25 June 1956) was a fleet admiral in the United States Navy who served as Commander in Chief, United States Fleet (COMINCH) and Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) during World War II.

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Ethnic cleansing

Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making the society ethnically homogeneous.

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Europe first

Europe first, also known as Germany first, was the key element of the grand strategy agreed upon by the United States and the United Kingdom during World War II after the United States joined the war in December 1941.

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Excess profits tax

An excess profits tax, EPT, is a tax on returns or profits which exceed risk-adjusted normal returns.

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Executive Office of the President of the United States

The Executive Office of the President of the United States (EOP) comprises the offices and agencies that support the work of the president at the center of the executive branch of the United States federal government.

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Executive Order 6102

Executive Order 6102 is an executive order signed on April 5, 1933, by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt "forbidding the hoarding of gold coin, gold bullion, and gold certificates within the continental United States." The executive order was made under the authority of the Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917, as amended by the Emergency Banking Act in March 1933.

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Executive Order 8802

Executive Order 8802 was an executive order signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on June 25, 1941.

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Executive Order 9066

Executive Order 9066 was a United States presidential executive order signed and issued during World War II by United States president Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942.

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Extermination camp

Nazi Germany used six extermination camps (Vernichtungslager), also called death camps (Todeslager), or killing centers (Tötungszentren), in Central Europe during World War II to systematically murder over 2.7 million peoplemostly Jewsin the Holocaust.

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Fair Employment Practice Committee

The Fair Employment Practice Committee (FEPC) was created in 1941 in the United States to implement Executive Order 8802 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt "banning discriminatory employment practices by Federal agencies and all unions and companies engaged in war-related work.", Our Documents, Executive Order 8802 dated June 25, 1941, General Records of the United States Government; Record Group 11; National Archives That was shortly before the United States entered World War II.

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Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA) is a United States labor law that creates the right to a minimum wage, and "time-and-a-half" overtime pay when people work over forty hours a week. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 are liberalism in the United States.

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Farouk of Egypt

Farouk I (فاروق الأول Fārūq al-Awwal; 11 February 1920 – 18 March 1965) was the tenth ruler of Egypt from the Muhammad Ali dynasty and the penultimate King of Egypt and the Sudan, succeeding his father, Fuad I, in 1936 and reigning until his overthrow in a military coup in 1952. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Farouk of Egypt are world War II political leaders.

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Fascist Italy

Fascist Italy is a term which is used to describe the Kingdom of Italy when it was governed by the National Fascist Party from 1922 to 1943 with Benito Mussolini as prime minister and dictator.

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Federal Bureau of Investigation

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency.

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Federal Communications Commission

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent agency of the United States government that regulates communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable across the United States.

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Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is a United States government corporation supplying deposit insurance to depositors in American commercial banks and savings banks.

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Federal Emergency Relief Administration

The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) was a program established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933, building on the Hoover administration's Emergency Relief and Construction Act.

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Federal Reserve Bank

A Federal Reserve Bank is a regional bank of the Federal Reserve System, the central banking system of the United States.

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Federal Trade Commission

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is an independent agency of the United States government whose principal mission is the enforcement of civil (non-criminal) antitrust law and the promotion of consumer protection.

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Felix Frankfurter

Felix Frankfurter (November 15, 1882 – February 22, 1965) was an Austrian-born American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1939 until 1962, during which he was an advocate of judicial restraint.

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Fidelity and Deposit Company

The Fidelity and Deposit Company is a trust company in Baltimore, Maryland.

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Fifth Party System

The Fifth Party System, also known as the New Deal Party System, is the era of American national politics that began with the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt to President of the United States in 1932.

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Final Solution

The Final Solution (die Endlösung) or the Final Solution to the Jewish Question (Endlösung der Judenfrage) was a Nazi plan for the genocide of individuals they defined as Jews during World War II.

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Fire trail

A fire trail is a rural road built specifically for the purpose of access for "fire management purposes" including building containment lines and backburning operations.

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Fireside chats

The fireside chats were a series of evening radio addresses given by Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States, between 1933 and 1944.

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First 100 days of the Franklin D. Roosevelt presidency

The first 100 days of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency began on March 4, 1933, the day Franklin D. Roosevelt was inaugurated as the 32nd president of the United States.

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First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt

The first inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt as the 32nd president of the United States was held on Saturday, March 4, 1933, at the East Portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. This was the 37th inauguration, and marked the commencement of the first term of Franklin D. Roosevelt as president and John Nance Garner as vice president.

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Flint sit-down strike

The 1936–1937 Flint sit-down strike, also known as the General Motors sit-down strike, or the great GM sit-down strike, was a sitdown strike at the General Motors plant in Flint, Michigan, United States.

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Fly Club

The Fly Club is a final club, traditionally "punching" (inviting to stand for election) male undergraduates of Harvard College during their sophomore or junior year.

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Four Freedoms

The Four Freedoms were goals articulated by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt on Monday, January 6, 1941.

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Four Policemen

The "Four Policemen" was a postwar council with the Big Four that US President Franklin Roosevelt proposed as a guarantor of world peace.

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Frances Perkins

Frances Perkins (born Fannie Coralie Perkins; April 10, 1880 – May 14, 1965) was an American workers-rights advocate who served as the fourth United States Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, the longest serving in that position. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Frances Perkins are American Episcopalians.

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Francisco Franco

Francisco Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish military general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title Caudillo. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Francisco Franco are world War II political leaders.

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Frank Knox

William Franklin Knox (January 1, 1874 – April 28, 1944) was an American politician, soldier, newspaper editor, and publisher. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Frank Knox are candidates in the 1936 United States presidential election.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. (August 17, 1914 – August 17, 1988) was an American lawyer, politician, and businessman. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. are Delano family, Groton School alumni and Roosevelt family.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum

The Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum is a presidential library in Hyde Park, New York.

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Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial

The Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial is a presidential memorial in Washington D.C., dedicated to the memory of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, and to the era he represents.

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Freedom from fear

Freedom from fear is listed as a fundamental human right according to The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948.

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Freedom of contract

Freedom of contract is the process in which individuals and groups form contracts without government restrictions.

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Freedom of religion

Freedom of religion or religious liberty is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance.

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Freedom of speech

Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction.

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French Indochina

French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China), officially known as the Indochinese Union and after 1946 as the French Union, was a grouping of French colonial territories in Mainland Southeast Asia until its end in 1954. It comprised Cambodia, Laos (from 1899), the Chinese territory of Guangzhouwan (from 1898 until 1945), and the Vietnamese regions of Tonkin in the north, Annam in the centre, and Cochinchina in the south.

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French North Africa

French North Africa (Afrique du Nord française, sometimes abbreviated to ANF) is a term often applied to the three territories that were controlled by France in the North African Maghreb during the colonial era, namely Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia.

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Full employment

Full employment is an economic situation in which there is no cyclical or deficient-demand unemployment.

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Fumimaro Konoe

was a Japanese politician who served as prime minister of Japan from 1937 to 1939 and from 1940 to 1941.

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G.I. Bill

The G.I. Bill, formally known as the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, was a law that provided a range of benefits for some of the returning World War II veterans (commonly referred to as G.I.s).

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Gallup, Inc.

Gallup, Inc. is an American multinational analytics and advisory company based in Washington, D.C. Founded by George Gallup in 1935, the company became known for its public opinion polls conducted worldwide.

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General Motors

General Motors Company (GM) is an American multinational automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States.

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George C. Marshall

George Catlett Marshall Jr. (31 December 1880 – 16 October 1959) was an American army officer and statesman. Franklin D. Roosevelt and George C. Marshall are American Episcopalians and time Person of the Year.

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George W. Norris

George William Norris (July 11, 1861September 2, 1944) was an American politician from the state of Nebraska in the Midwestern United States.

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George Washington

George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American Founding Father, military officer, and politician who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Franklin D. Roosevelt and George Washington are presidents of the United States.

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Gerald Nye

Gerald Prentice Nye (December 19, 1892 – July 17, 1971) was an American politician who represented North Dakota in the United States Senate from 1925 to 1945.

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German nuclear program during World War II

Nazi Germany undertook several research programs relating to nuclear technology, including nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors, before and during World War II.

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Giuseppe Zangara

Giuseppe Zangara (September 7, 1900 – March 20, 1933) was an Italian immigrant and naturalized United States citizen who attempted to assassinate the President-elect of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, on February 15, 1933, 17 days before Roosevelt's inauguration.

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Good Neighbor policy

The Good Neighbor policy was the foreign policy of the administration of United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt towards Latin America.

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Gordon Woodbury

Gordon Woodbury (1863–1924) was the United States Assistant Secretary of the Navy from 1920 to 1921. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Gordon Woodbury are united States Assistant Secretaries of the Navy.

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Government debt

A country's gross government debt (also called public debt or sovereign debt) is the financial liabilities of the government sector.

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Governor of New York

The governor of New York is the head of government of the U.S. state of New York.

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Great Depression

The Great Depression (19291939) was a severe global economic downturn that affected many countries across the world.

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Great Depression in the United States

In the United States, the Great Depression began with the Wall Street Crash of October 1929 and then spread worldwide.

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Great Migration (African American)

The Great Migration, sometimes known as the Great Northward Migration or the Black Migration, was the movement of six million African Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West between 1910 and 1970.

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Grosvenor Square

Grosvenor Square is a large garden square in the Mayfair district of Westminster, Greater London.

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Groton School

Groton School is a private college-preparatory day and boarding school located in Groton, Massachusetts. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Groton School are Groton School alumni.

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Groton, Massachusetts

Groton is a town in northwestern Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, within the Greater Boston metropolitan area.

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Grover Cleveland

Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837June 24, 1908) was an American politician who served as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Grover Cleveland are Democratic Party governors of New York (state), Democratic Party presidents of the United States and presidents of the United States.

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Guillain–Barré syndrome

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rapid-onset muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system.

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Haile Selassie

Haile Selassie I (Power of the Trinity; born Tafari Makonnen; 23 July 189227 August 1975) was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Haile Selassie are Knights Grand Cross of the Military Order of William, time Person of the Year and world War II political leaders.

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Haiti

Haiti, officially the Republic of Haiti, is a country on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of The Bahamas.

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Harlan F. Stone

Harlan Fiske Stone (October 11, 1872 – April 22, 1946) was an American attorney and jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1925 to 1941 and then as the 12th chief justice of the United States from 1941 until his death in 1946. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harlan F. Stone are American Episcopalians.

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Harold L. Ickes

Harold LeClair Ickes (March 15, 1874 – February 3, 1952) was an American administrator, politician and lawyer. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harold L. Ickes are American anti-fascists.

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Harry F. Byrd

Harry Flood Byrd Sr. (June 10, 1887 – October 20, 1966) was an American newspaper publisher, politician, and leader of the Democratic Party in Virginia for four decades as head of a political faction that became known as the Byrd Organization. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry F. Byrd are candidates in the 1932 United States presidential election and candidates in the 1944 United States presidential election.

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Harry Hopkins

Harold Lloyd "Harry" Hopkins (August 17, 1890 – January 29, 1946) was an American statesman, public administrator, and presidential advisor.

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Harry S. Truman

Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman are 20th-century presidents of the United States, American anti-fascists, Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees, Democratic Party presidents of the United States, liberalism in the United States, members of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, presidents of the United States, time Person of the Year and world War II political leaders.

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Harvard College

Harvard College is the undergraduate college of Harvard University, a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

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Harvard Law School

Harvard Law School (HLS) is the law school of Harvard University, a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Harvard University

Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Hawaii

Hawaii (Hawaii) is an island state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland.

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Heart failure

Heart failure (HF), also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), is a syndrome caused by an impairment in the heart's ability to fill with and pump blood.

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Henry A. Wallace

Henry Agard Wallace (October 7, 1888 – November 18, 1965) was an American politician, journalist, farmer, and businessman who served as the 33rd vice president of the United States, from 1941 to 1945, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Henry A. Wallace are American Episcopalians, American anti-fascists, Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees and liberalism in the United States.

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Henry Cabot Lodge

Henry Cabot Lodge (May 12, 1850 November 9, 1924) was an American politician, historian, lawyer, and statesman from Massachusetts.

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Henry H. Arnold

Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold (June 25, 1886 – January 15, 1950) was an American general officer holding the ranks of General of the Army and later, General of the Air Force.

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Henry L. Stimson

Henry Lewis Stimson (September 21, 1867 – October 20, 1950) was an American statesman, lawyer, and Republican Party politician.

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Henry Morgenthau Jr.

Henry Morgenthau Jr. (May 11, 1891February 6, 1967) was the United States Secretary of the Treasury during most of the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Henry Morgenthau Jr. are American anti-fascists.

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Herbert H. Lehman

Herbert Henry Lehman (March 28, 1878 – December 5, 1963) was an American financier and Democratic politician who served as the 45th governor of New York from 1933 to 1942 and represented New York in the United States Senate from 1949 until 1957. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Herbert H. Lehman are Democratic Party governors of New York (state) and liberalism in the United States.

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Herbert Hoover

Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician and humanitarian who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Herbert Hoover are 20th-century presidents of the United States, candidates in the 1932 United States presidential election, candidates in the 1936 United States presidential election, candidates in the 1940 United States presidential election and presidents of the United States.

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Hiram Johnson

Hiram Warren Johnson (September 2, 1866August 6, 1945) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 23rd governor of California from 1911 to 1917. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Hiram Johnson are American Episcopalians.

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Historical rankings of presidents of the United States

In political studies, surveys have been conducted in order to construct historical rankings of the success of the presidents of the United States.

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History of the Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party is one of the two major political parties of the United States political system and the oldest active political party in the country as well as in the world.

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History of the United Nations

The history of the United Nations has its origins in World War II beginning with the Declaration of St James's Palace.

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History of the United States

The history of the lands that became the United States began with the arrival of the first people in the Americas around 15,000 BC.

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Hofstadter Committee

The Hofstadter Committee, also known as the Seabury investigations, was a joint legislative committee formed by the New York State Legislature on behalf of Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt to probe into corruption in New York City, especially the magistrate's courts and police department in 1931.

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Home Army

The Home Army (Armia Krajowa,; abbreviated AK) was the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II.

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Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site

The Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site preserves the Springwood estate in Hyde Park, New York, United States.

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Homeschooling

Homeschooling or home schooling, also known as home education or elective home education (EHE), is the education of school-aged children at home or a variety of places other than a school.

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Hong Kong

Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China.

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Housing Act of 1937

The Housing Act of 1937, formally the "United States Housing Act of 1937" and sometimes called the Wagner–Steagall Act, provided for subsidies to be paid from the United States federal government to local public housing agencies (LHAs) to improve living conditions for low-income families.

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Howard Bruenn

Howard G. Bruenn (1905 – July 25, 1995) was an American physician who served as Physician to the President and attended to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the year before his death.

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Hubert Humphrey

Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. (May 27, 1911 – January 13, 1978) was an American politician and statesman who served as the 38th vice president of the United States from 1965 to 1969. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Hubert Humphrey are Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees and liberalism in the United States.

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Huey Long

Huey Pierce Long Jr. (August 30, 1893September 10, 1935), nicknamed "The Kingfish", was an American politician who served as the 40th governor of Louisiana from 1928 to 1932 and as a United States senator from 1932 until his assassination in 1935.

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Hugo Black

Hugo Lafayette Black (February 27, 1886 – September 25, 1971) was an American lawyer, politician, and jurist who served as a U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1927 to 1937 and as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1937 to 1971.

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Hyde Park, New York

Hyde Park is a town in Dutchess County, New York, United States, bordering the Hudson River north of Poughkeepsie.

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Hydrotherapy

Hydrotherapy, formerly called hydropathy and also called water cure, is a branch of alternative medicine (particularly naturopathy), occupational therapy, and physiotherapy, that involves the use of water for pain relief and treatment.

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Hyperesthesia

Hyperesthesia is a condition that involves an abnormal increase in sensitivity to stimuli of the senses.

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Hypertension

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.

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Indian Reorganization Act

The Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) of June 18, 1934, or the Wheeler–Howard Act, was U.S. federal legislation that dealt with the status of American Indians in the United States.

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Individual Income Tax Act of 1944

The Individual Income Tax Act of 1944, Pub.

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Individualism

Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, and social outlook that emphasizes the intrinsic worth of the individual.

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International monetary system

An international monetary system is a set of internationally agreed rules, conventions and supporting institutions that facilitate international trade, cross border investment and generally the reallocation of capital between states that have different currencies.

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International security

International security is a term which refers to the measures taken by states and international organizations, such as the United Nations, European Union, and others, to ensure mutual survival and safety.

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Internment of German Americans

Internment of German resident aliens and German-American citizens occurred in the United States during the periods of World War I and World War II.

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Internment of Italian Americans

The internment of Italian Americans refers to the US government's internment of Italian nationals during World War II.

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Internment of Japanese Americans

During World War II, the United States forcibly relocated and incarcerated about 120,000 people of Japanese descent in ten concentration camps operated by the War Relocation Authority (WRA), mostly in the western interior of the country.

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Intracerebral hemorrhage

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), also known as hemorrhagic stroke, is a sudden bleeding into the tissues of the brain (i.e. the parenchyma), into its ventricles, or into both.

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Italian campaign (World War II)

The Italian campaign of World War II, also called the Liberation of Italy following the German occupation in September 1943, consisted of Allied and Axis operations in and around Italy, from 1943 to 1945.

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James A. O'Gorman

James Aloysius O'Gorman (May 5, 1860 – May 17, 1943) was an American attorney, judge, and politician from New York.

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James E. Towner

James Edwin Towner (May 29, 1851 – January 22, 1935) was an American politician from New York.

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James F. Byrnes

James Francis Byrnes (May 2, 1882 – April 9, 1972) was an American judge and politician from South Carolina. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James F. Byrnes are time Person of the Year.

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James Farley

James Aloysius Farley (May 30, 1888 – June 9, 1976) was an American politician who simultaneously served as chairman of the New York State Democratic Committee, chairman of the Democratic National Committee, and Postmaster General under President Franklin Roosevelt, whose gubernatorial and presidential campaigns were run by Farley. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James Farley are candidates in the 1940 United States presidential election and candidates in the 1944 United States presidential election.

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James M. Cox

James Middleton Cox (born James Monroe Cox; March 31, 1870 July 15, 1957) was an American businessman and politician who served as the 46th and 48th governor of Ohio, and a two-term U.S. Representative from Ohio. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James M. Cox are American Episcopalians.

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James MacGregor Burns

James MacGregor Burns (August 3, 1918 – July 15, 2014) was an American historian and political scientist, presidential biographer, and authority on leadership studies.

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James Roosevelt

James Roosevelt II (December 23, 1907 – August 13, 1991) was an American businessman, Marine, activist, and Democratic Party politician. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James Roosevelt are Delano family, Groton School alumni and Roosevelt family.

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James Roosevelt (1760–1847)

Jacobus "James" Roosevelt III (January 10, 1760 – February 6, 1847) was an American businessman and politician from New York City. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James Roosevelt (1760–1847) are Roosevelt family.

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James Roosevelt I

James Roosevelt I (July 16, 1828 – December 8, 1900), known as "Squire James", was an American businessman, politician, horse breeder, and the father of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James Roosevelt I are Roosevelt family.

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James Roosevelt Roosevelt

James Roosevelt "Rosy" Roosevelt (April 27, 1854 – May 7, 1927) was an American diplomat, heir, and the older half-brother of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James Roosevelt Roosevelt are Roosevelt family.

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James W. Gerard

James Watson Gerard III (August 25, 1867 – September 6, 1951) was a United States lawyer, diplomat, and justice of the New York Supreme Court.

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James W. Wadsworth Jr.

James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr. (August 12, 1877June 21, 1952) was an American politician, a Republican from New York. Franklin D. Roosevelt and James W. Wadsworth Jr. are American Episcopalians and candidates in the 1932 United States presidential election.

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Jan Karski

Jan Karski (born Jan Kozielewski, 24 June 1914 – 13 July 2000) was a Polish soldier, resistance-fighter, and diplomat during World War II.

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Japanese Americans

are Americans of Japanese ancestry.

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Japanese invasion of Manchuria

The Empire of Japan's Kwantung Army invaded the Manchuria region of the Republic of China on 18 September 1931, immediately following the Mukden incident.

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Japanese invasion of Thailand

The Japanese invasion of Thailand (การบุกครองไทยของญี่ปุ่น,; Nihongun no Tai shinchū) occurred on 8 December 1941.

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Jean Edward Smith

Jean Edward Smith (October 13, 1932 – September 1, 2019) was a biographer and the John Marshall Professor of Political Science at Marshall University.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Jean Edward Smith

Jefferson Memorial

The Jefferson Memorial is a national memorial in Washington, D.C., built in honor of Thomas Jefferson, the principal author of the United States Declaration of Independence, a central intellectual force behind the American Revolution, a founder of the Democratic-Republican Party, and the nation's third president.

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Jesse H. Jones

Jesse Holman Jones (April 5, 1874June 1, 1956) was an American Democratic politician and entrepreneur from Houston, Texas.

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Jesse I. Straus

Jesse Isidor Straus (June 25, 1872 – October 4, 1936) served as the American ambassador to France from 1933 to 1936.

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John Aspinwall Roosevelt

John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (March 13, 1916 – April 27, 1981) was an American businessman and the sixth and last child of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and his wife, Eleanor Roosevelt. Franklin D. Roosevelt and John Aspinwall Roosevelt are Delano family and Roosevelt family.

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John F. Schlosser

John F. Schlosser (August 22, 1839–?) was a Republican member of the New York State Senate from the 26th district who was born in the city of Poughkeepsie, New York.

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John J. McCloy

John Jay McCloy (March 31, 1895 – March 11, 1989) was an American lawyer, diplomat, banker, and presidential advisor.

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John L. Lewis

John Llewellyn Lewis (February 12, 1880 – June 11, 1969) was an American leader of organized labor who served as president of the United Mine Workers of America (UMW) from 1920 to 1960.

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John Nance Garner

John Nance Garner III (November 22, 1868 – November 7, 1967), known among his contemporaries as "Cactus Jack", was an American Democratic politician and lawyer from Texas. Franklin D. Roosevelt and John Nance Garner are candidates in the 1932 United States presidential election, candidates in the 1940 United States presidential election and Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees.

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John W. Bricker

John William Bricker (September 6, 1893March 22, 1986) was an American politician and attorney who served as a United States senator and the 54th governor of Ohio. Franklin D. Roosevelt and John W. Bricker are candidates in the 1944 United States presidential election.

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John W. Davis

John William Davis (April 13, 1873 – March 24, 1955) was an American politician, diplomat and lawyer.

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Joint Chiefs of Staff

The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) is the body of the most senior uniformed leaders within the United States Department of Defense, which advises the president of the United States, the secretary of defense, the Homeland Security Council and the National Security Council on military matters.

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Joint Declaration by Members of the United Nations

The Joint Declaration by Members of the United Nations was the first formal statement to the world about the Holocaust, issued on December 17, 1942, by the American and British governments on behalf of the Allied Powers.

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Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin are time Person of the Year and world War II political leaders.

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Joseph T. Robinson

Joseph Taylor Robinson (August 26, 1872 – July 14, 1937), also known as Joe T. Robinson, was an American politician from Arkansas. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph T. Robinson are Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees.

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Josephus Daniels

Josephus Daniels (May 18, 1862 – January 15, 1948) was an American diplomat and newspaper editor from the 1880s until his death, who managed The News & Observer in Raleigh, at the time North Carolina's largest circulation newspaper, for decades.

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Journal of Interdisciplinary History

The Journal of Interdisciplinary History is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the MIT Press.

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Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937

The Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937, frequently called the "court-packing plan",Epstein, at 451.

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Judicial review in the United States

In the United States, judicial review is the legal power of a court to determine if a statute, treaty, or administrative regulation contradicts or violates the provisions of existing law, a State Constitution, or ultimately the United States Constitution.

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Judiciary Act of 1869

The Judiciary Act of 1869 (41st Congress, Sess. 1, ch. 22,, enacted April 10, 1869), formally An Act to amend the Judicial System of the United States and sometimes called the Circuit Judges Act of 1869, provided that the Supreme Court of the United States would consist of the chief justice of the United States and eight associate justices, established separate judgeships for the U.S.

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Juris Doctor

A Juris Doctor, Doctor of Jurisprudence, or Doctor of Law (JD) is a graduate-entry professional degree that primarily prepares individuals to practice law.

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Kilobyte

The kilobyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Kingdom of Bulgaria

The Tsardom of Bulgaria (translit), also referred to as the Third Bulgarian Tsardom (translit), sometimes translated in English as the "Kingdom of Bulgaria", or simply Bulgaria, was a constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Europe, which was established on 5 October (O.S. 22 September) 1908, when the Bulgarian state was raised from a principality to a tsardom.

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Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)

The Kingdom of Hungary (Magyar Királyság), referred to retrospectively as the Regency and the Horthy era, existed as a country from 1920 to 1946 under the rule of Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary, who officially represented the Hungarian monarchy.

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Kingdom of Romania

The Kingdom of Romania (Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed from 13 March (O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I and the Romanian parliament's proclamation of the Romanian People's Republic.

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Kingdom of the Netherlands

The Kingdom of the Netherlands (Koninkrijk der Nederlanden), commonly known simply as the Netherlands, is a sovereign state consisting of a collection of constituent territories united under the monarch of the Netherlands, who functions as head of state.

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Korematsu v. United States

Korematsu v. United States, 323 U.S. 214 (1944), was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that upheld the internment of Japanese Americans from the West Coast Military Area during World War II.

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Kriegsmarine

The Kriegsmarine was the navy of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945.

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Kristallnacht

Kristallnacht or the Night of Broken Glass, also called the November pogrom(s) (Novemberpogrome), was a pogrom against Jews carried out by the Nazi Party's nocat.

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Landslide victory

A landslide victory is an election result in which the victorious candidate or party wins by an overwhelming margin.

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Latin America

Latin America often refers to the regions in the Americas in which Romance languages are the main languages and the culture and Empires of its peoples have had significant historical, ethnic, linguistic, and cultural impact.

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Law firm

A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law.

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League of Nations

The League of Nations (LN or LoN; Société des Nations, SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.

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Leapfrogging

Leapfrogging is a concept used in many domains of the economics and business fields, and was originally developed in the area of industrial organization and economic growth.

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Leapfrogging (strategy)

Leapfrogging, also known as island hopping, was an amphibious military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against the Empire of Japan during World War II.

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Lend-Lease

Lend-Lease, formally the Lend-Lease Act and introduced as An Act to Promote the Defense of the United States, in Milestone Documents, National Archives of the United States, Washington, D.C., retrieved February 8, 2024; (notes: "Passed on March 11, 1941, this act set up a system that would allow the United States to lend or lease war supplies to any nation deemed 'vital to the defense of the United States.'"; contains photo of the original bill, H.R.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Lend-Lease

Leo Szilard

Leo Szilard (Szilárd Leó, pronounced; born Leó Spitz; February 11, 1898 – May 30, 1964) was a Hungarian born physicist and inventor.

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Leslie Groves

Leslie Richard Groves Jr. (17 August 1896 – 13 July 1970) was a United States Army Corps of Engineers officer who oversaw the construction of the Pentagon and directed the Manhattan Project, a top secret research project that developed the atomic bomb during World War II.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Leslie Groves

Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler

Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler (September 24, 1869, in Newport, Rhode Island – February 28, 1942, in New York City) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the lieutenant governor of New York from 1907 to 1908.

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Library of Congress

The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C. that serves as the library and research service of the U.S. Congress and the de facto national library of the United States.

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List of Allied World War II conferences

This is a list of World War II conferences of the Allies of World War II.

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List of covers of Time magazine (1920s)

This is a list of people and other topics appearing on the cover of Time magazine in the 1920s.

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List of covers of Time magazine (1940s)

This is a list of people and other topics appearing on the cover of ''Time'' magazine in the 1940s.

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List of critics of the New Deal

The following is a list of critics of the New Deal. Franklin D. Roosevelt and list of critics of the New Deal are new Deal.

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List of multilingual presidents of the United States

Of the 45 persons who have served as President of the United States, at least half have displayed proficiency in speaking or writing a language other than English.

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List of national parks of the United States

The United States has 63 national parks, which are congressionally designated protected areas operated by the National Park Service, an agency of the Department of the Interior.

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List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets

This is a list of American electoral candidates for the offices of President of the United States and Vice President of the United States of the modern Democratic Party, either duly preselected and nominated, or the presumptive nominees of a future preselection and election. Franklin D. Roosevelt and list of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets are Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets

In a United States presidential election, the popular vote is the total number or the percentage of votes cast for a candidate by voters in the 50 states and Washington, D.C.; the candidate who gains the most votes nationwide is said to have won the popular vote.

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Little White House

The Little White House was the personal retreat of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, located in the Historic District of Warm Springs, Georgia.

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Lochner era

The Lochner era was a period in American legal history from 1897 to 1937 in which the Supreme Court of the United States is said to have made it a common practice "to strike down economic regulations adopted by a State based on the Court's own notions of the most appropriate means for the State to implement its considered policies".

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Long Island State Park Commission

The Long Island State Park Commission, also known as LISPC, is a government agency on Long Island, in the state of New York, headquartered at Belmont Lake State Park in North Babylon.

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Louis Howe

Louis McHenry Howe (January 14, 1871 – April 18, 1936) was an American reporter for the New York Herald best known for acting as an early political advisor to President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

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Lucy Mercer Rutherfurd

Lucy Mercer Rutherfurd (Lucy Page Mercer; April 26, 1891 – July 31, 1948) was an American woman who sustained a long affair with US president Franklin D. Roosevelt.

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Lynching

Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Lynching

Lyndon B. Johnson

Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Lyndon B. Johnson are 20th-century presidents of the United States, Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees, Democratic Party presidents of the United States, liberalism in the United States and presidents of the United States.

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Maine

Maine is a state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Lower 48.

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Manhattan Project

The Manhattan Project was a research and development program undertaken during World War II to produce the first nuclear weapons.

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March of Dimes

March of Dimes is a United States nonprofit organization that works to improve the health of mothers and babies.

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Marguerite LeHand

Marguerite Alice "Missy" LeHand (September 13, 1896 – July 31, 1944) was a private secretary to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) for 21 years.

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Martin H. Glynn

Martin Henry Glynn (September 27, 1871December 14, 1924) was an American politician. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Martin H. Glynn are Democratic Party governors of New York (state).

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Megabyte

The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Mexican Americans

Mexican Americans (mexicano-estadounidenses, mexico-americanos, or estadounidenses de origen mexicano) are Americans of Mexican heritage.

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Mexican Repatriation

The Mexican Repatriation was the repatriation, deportation, and expulsion of Mexicans and Mexican Americans from the United States during the Great Depression between 1929 and 1939.

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Miller Center of Public Affairs

The Miller Center is a nonpartisan affiliate of the University of Virginia that specializes in United States presidential scholarship, public policy, and political history.

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Minimum wage in the United States

In the United States, the minimum wage is set by U.S. labor law and a range of state and local laws.

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Modern liberalism in the United States

Modern liberalism in the United States is based on the combined ideas of civil liberty and equality with support for social justice. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Modern liberalism in the United States are liberalism in the United States.

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Monopoly

A monopoly (from Greek label and label), as described by Irving Fisher, is a market with the "absence of competition", creating a situation where a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular thing.

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Monroe Doctrine

The Monroe Doctrine is a United States foreign policy position that opposes European colonialism in the Western Hemisphere.

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Montevideo Convention

The Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States is a treaty signed at Montevideo, Uruguay, on December 26, 1933, during the Seventh International Conference of American States.

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Munich Agreement

The Munich Agreement was an agreement reached in Munich on 30 September 1938, by Nazi Germany, the United Kingdom, the French Republic, and Fascist Italy.

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Museum of Polish History

The Museum of Polish History or the Polish History Museum (Muzeum Historii Polski) is a museum and national cultural institute in Warsaw, Poland.

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NAACP

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is an American civil rights organization formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group including W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington, Moorfield Storey, Ida B. Wells, Lillian Wald, and Henry Moskowitz.

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Nanjing Massacre

The Nanjing Massacre or the Rape of Nanjing (formerly romanized as Nanking) was the mass murder of Chinese civilians in Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China, immediately after the Battle of Nanking and the retreat of the National Revolutionary Army in the Second Sino-Japanese War, by the Imperial Japanese Army.

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National forest (United States)

In the United States, national forest is a classification of protected and managed federal lands that are largely forest and woodland areas.

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National Historic Site (United States)

National Historic Site (NHS) and National Historical Park (NHP) are designations for officially recognized areas of national historic significance in the United States.

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National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933

The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) was a US labor law and consumer law passed by the 73rd US Congress to authorize the president to regulate industry for fair wages and prices that would stimulate economic recovery.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933

National Labor Relations Act of 1935

The National Labor Relations Act of 1935, also known as the Wagner Act, is a foundational statute of United States labor law that guarantees the right of private sector employees to organize into trade unions, engage in collective bargaining, and take collective action such as strikes.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and National Labor Relations Act of 1935

National Labor Relations Board

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an independent agency of the federal government of the United States that enforces U.S. labor law in relation to collective bargaining and unfair labor practices.

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National Postal Museum

The National Postal Museum, located opposite Washington Union Station in Washington, D.C., United States, covers large portions of the postal history of the United States and other countries.

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National Recovery Administration

The National Recovery Administration (NRA) was a prime agency established by U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) in 1933.

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National Youth Administration

The National Youth Administration (NYA) was a New Deal agency sponsored by Franklin D. Roosevelt during his presidency.

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Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)

The Nationalist faction (Bando nacional) or Rebel faction (Bando sublevado) was a major faction in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939.

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Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans, sometimes called American Indians, First Americans, or Indigenous Americans, are the Indigenous peoples native to portions of the land that the United States is located on.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Nazi Germany

Neutrality Acts of the 1930s

The Neutrality Acts were a series of acts passed by the US Congress in 1935, 1936, 1937, and 1939 in response to the growing threats and wars that led to World War II.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Neutrality Acts of the 1930s

New Deal

The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1938 to rescue the U.S. from the Great Depression. Franklin D. Roosevelt and New Deal are liberalism in the United States.

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New Deal coalition

The New Deal coalition was an American political coalition that supported the Democratic Party beginning in 1932. Franklin D. Roosevelt and New Deal coalition are liberalism in the United States and new Deal.

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New York Daily News

The New York Daily News, officially titled the Daily News, is an American newspaper based in Jersey City, New Jersey.

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New York State Assembly

The New York State Assembly is the lower house of the New York State Legislature, with the New York State Senate being the upper house.

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New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (informally referred to as NYSDEC, DEC, EnCon or NYSENCON) is a department of New York state government.

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New York State Legislature

The New York State Legislature consists of the two houses that act as the state legislature of the U.S. state of New York: the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly.

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New York State Senate

The New York State Senate is the upper house of the New York State Legislature, while the New York State Assembly is its lower house.

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New York's 26th State Senate district

New York's 26th State Senate district is one of 63 districts in the New York State Senate.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and New York's 26th State Senate district

Normandy

Normandy (Normandie; Normaundie, Nouormandie; from Old French Normanz, plural of Normant, originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is a geographical and cultural region in northwestern Europe, roughly coextensive with the historical Duchy of Normandy.

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North African campaign

The North African campaign of World War II took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943, fought between the Allies and the Axis Powers.

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Nuclear fission

Nuclear fission is a reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei.

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Nuclear weapon

A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb), producing a nuclear explosion.

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Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs

The Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, later known as the Office for Inter-American Affairs, was a United States agency promoting inter-American cooperation (Pan-Americanism) during the 1940s, especially in commercial and economic areas.

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Office of War Mobilization

The Office of War Mobilization (OWM) was an independent agency of the United States government formed during World War II to coordinate all government agencies involved in the war effort.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Office of War Mobilization

Ogg

Ogg is a free, open container format maintained by the Xiph.Org Foundation.

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Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and many of its Axis allies, starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.

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Operation Downfall

Operation Downfall was the proposed Allied plan for the invasion of the Japanese home islands near the end of World War II.

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Operation Overlord

Operation Overlord was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful liberation of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II.

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Operation Torch

Operation Torch (8–16 November 1942) was an Allied invasion of French North Africa during the Second World War.

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Overtime

Overtime is the amount of time someone works beyond normal working hours.

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Owen Roberts

Owen Josephus Roberts (May 2, 1875 – May 17, 1955) was an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1930 to 1945.

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Panama

Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a country in Latin America at the southern end of Central America, bordering South America.

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Paralytic illness of Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin D. Roosevelt, later the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 to 1945, began experiencing symptoms of a paralytic illness in 1921 when he was 39 years old.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Paralytic illness of Franklin D. Roosevelt

Party divisions of United States Congresses

Party divisions of United States Congresses have played a central role on the organization and operations of both chambers of the United States Congress—the Senate and the House of Representatives—since its establishment as the bicameral legislature of the Federal government of the United States in 1789.

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Pearl Harbor

Pearl Harbor is an American lagoon harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu.

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Pearl Harbor advance-knowledge conspiracy theory

Various conspiracy theories allege that U.S. government officials had advance knowledge of Japan's December 7, 1941, attack on Pearl Harbor.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Pearl Harbor advance-knowledge conspiracy theory

Pietro Badoglio

Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino (28 September 1871 – 1 November 1956), was an Italian general during both World Wars and the first viceroy of Italian East Africa. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Pietro Badoglio are world War II political leaders.

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Polio

Poliomyelitis, commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus.

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Political realignment

A political realignment, often called a critical election, critical realignment, or realigning election, in the academic fields of political science and political history, is a set of sharp changes in party ideology, issues, party leaders, regional and demographic bases of power of political parties, and the structure or rules of the political system, such as voter eligibility or financing.

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Politico

Politico (stylized in all caps), known originally as The Politico, is an American political digital newspaper company.

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Preparedness Movement

The Preparedness Movement was a campaign led by former Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army, Leonard Wood, and former President Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the U.S. military after the outbreak of World War I. Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburgh, New York.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Preparedness Movement

Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms

The first term of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on March 4, 1933, when he was inaugurated as the 32nd president of the United States, and the second term of his presidency ended on January 20, 1941, with his inauguration to a third term.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms

Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms

The third presidential term of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on January 20, 1941, when he was once again inaugurated as the 32nd president of the United States, and the fourth term of his presidency ended with his death on April 12, 1945.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms

President of the United States

The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. Franklin D. Roosevelt and president of the United States are presidents of the United States.

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Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom.

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Princess Märtha of Sweden

Princess Märtha of Sweden (Märtha Sofia Lovisa Dagmar Thyra; 28 March 1901 – 5 April 1954) was Crown Princess of Norway as the spouse of the future King Olav V from 1929 until her death in 1954.

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Prisoner of war

A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

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Privy Council of Japan

The was an advisory council to the Emperor of Japan that operated from 1888 to 1947.

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Progressive Era

The Progressive Era (1901–1929) was a period in the United States during the early 20th century of widespread social activism and political reform across the country.

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Progressivism in the United States

Progressivism in the United States is a political philosophy and reform movement. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Progressivism in the United States are liberalism in the United States.

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Prohibition in the United States

The Prohibition era was the period from 1920 to 1933 when the United States prohibited the production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages.

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Protectorate

A protectorate, in the context of international relations, is a state that is under protection by another state for defence against aggression and other violations of law.

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Provisional Government of the French Republic

The Provisional Government of the French Republic (PGFR; Gouvernement provisoire de la République française (GPRF)) was the provisional government of Free France between 3 June 1944 and 27 October 1946, following the liberation of continental France after Operations ''Overlord'' and ''Dragoon'', and lasting until the establishment of the French Fourth Republic.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Provisional Government of the French Republic

Public Works Administration

The Public Works Administration (PWA), part of the New Deal of 1933, was a large-scale public works construction agency in the United States headed by Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Public Works Administration

Putnam County, New York

Putnam County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Putnam County, New York

Rafael Medoff

Rafael Medoff (born 1959) is an American professor of Jewish history and the founding director of The David Wyman Institute for Holocaust Studies, which is based in Washington, D.C. and focuses on issues related to America's response to the Holocaust.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Rafael Medoff

Recession of 1937–1938

The recession of 1937–1938 was an economic downturn that occurred during the Great Depression in the United States.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Recession of 1937–1938

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was an independent agency of the United States federal government that served as a lender of last resort to US banks and businesses.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Reconstruction Finance Corporation

René Viviani

Jean Raphaël Adrien René Viviani (8 November 18637 September 1925) was a French politician of the Third Republic, who served as Prime Minister for the first year of World War I. He was born in Sidi Bel Abbès, in French Algeria.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and René Viviani

Reorganization Act of 1939

The Reorganization Act of 1939,, is an American Act of Congress which gave the President of the United States the authority to hire additional confidential staff and reorganize the executive branch (within certain limits) for two years subject to legislative veto.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Reorganization Act of 1939

Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)

The Republican faction (Bando republicano), also known as the Loyalist faction (Bando leal) or the Government faction (Bando gubernamental), was the side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 that supported the government of the Second Spanish Republic against the Nationalist faction of the military rebellion.

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Republican Party (United States)

The Republican Party, also known as the GOP (Grand Old Party), is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Republican Party (United States)

Revenue Act of 1942

The United States Revenue Act of 1942, Pub.

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Right to an adequate standard of living

The right to an adequate standard of living is a fundamental human right.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Right to an adequate standard of living

Robert A. Taft

Robert Alphonso Taft Sr. (September 8, 1889 – July 31, 1953) was an American politician, lawyer, and scion of the Republican Party's Taft family. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Robert A. Taft are candidates in the 1940 United States presidential election.

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Robert H. Jackson

Robert Houghwout Jackson (February 13, 1892 – October 9, 1954) was an American lawyer, jurist, and politician who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1941 until his death in 1954. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Robert H. Jackson are American Episcopalians and American anti-fascists.

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Robert M. La Follette Jr.

Robert Marion La Follette Jr. (February 6, 1895 – February 24, 1953) was an American politician who served as United States senator from Wisconsin from 1925 to 1947.

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Robert Moses

Robert Moses (December 18, 1888 – July 29, 1981) was an American urban planner and public official who worked in the New York metropolitan area during the early to mid-20th century.

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Roberts Commissions

The Roberts Commission is one of two presidentially-appointed commissions.

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Ronald Reagan

Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911June 5, 2004) was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan are 20th-century presidents of the United States, presidents of the United States and time Person of the Year.

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Roosevelt family

The Roosevelt family is an American political family from New York whose members have included two United States presidents, a First Lady, and various merchants, bankers, politicians, inventors, clergymen, artists, and socialites.

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Roosevelt Island

Roosevelt Island is an island in New York City's East River, within the borough of Manhattan.

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Sakhalin

Sakhalin (p) is an island in Northeast Asia.

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Samuel Rosenman

Samuel Irving Rosenman (February 13, 1896 – June 24, 1973) was an American lawyer, judge, Democratic Party activist, and presidential speechwriter.

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Sara Roosevelt

Sara Ann Roosevelt (Delano; September 21, 1854 – September 7, 1941) was the second wife of James Roosevelt I (from 1880), the mother of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States and her only child, and subsequently the mother-in-law of Eleanor Roosevelt. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Sara Roosevelt are Burials in New York (state), Delano family and Roosevelt family.

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Second Bill of Rights

The Second Bill of Rights or Bill of Economic Rights was proposed by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt during his State of the Union Address on Tuesday, January 11, 1944.

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Second Italo-Ethiopian War

The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a war of aggression waged by Italy against Ethiopia, which lasted from October 1935 to February 1937.

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Second Sino-Japanese War

The Second Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between 1937 and 1945, following a period of war localized to Manchuria that started in 1931.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Second Sino-Japanese War

Security (finance)

A security is a tradable financial asset.

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Selective Training and Service Act of 1940

The Selective Training and Service Act of 1940, also known as the Burke–Wadsworth Act,, was the first peacetime conscription in United States history.

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Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Seventeenth Amendment (Amendment XVII) to the United States Constitution established the direct election of United States senators in each state.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Sinking of the RMS Lusitania

The was a British-registered ocean liner that was torpedoed by an Imperial German Navy U-boat during the First World War on 7 May 1915, about off the Old Head of Kinsale, Ireland.

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Social insurance

Social insurance is a form of social welfare that provides insurance against economic risks.

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Social organization

In sociology, a social organization is a pattern of relationships between and among individuals and groups.

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Social Security (United States)

In the United States, Social Security is the commonly used term for the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program and is administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA). Franklin D. Roosevelt and Social Security (United States) are liberalism in the United States.

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Social Security Act

The Social Security Act of 1935 is a law enacted by the 74th United States Congress and signed into law by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

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Soil erosion

Soil erosion is the denudation or wearing away of the upper layer of soil.

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Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.

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Southern United States

The Southern United States, sometimes Dixie, also referred to as the Southern States, the American South, the Southland, Dixieland, or simply the South, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States.

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Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War (Guerra Civil Española) was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalists.

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Spanish flu

The 1918–1920 flu pandemic, also known as the Great Influenza epidemic or by the common misnomer Spanish flu, was an exceptionally deadly global influenza pandemic caused by the H1N1 subtype of the influenza A virus.

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Spanish–American War

The Spanish–American War (April 21 – December 10, 1898) began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Spanish–American War

SS Vaterland (1913)

SS Vaterland was an ocean liner launched on 3 April 1913 and began service in 1914 for Germany's Hamburg America Line. The ship, second of three running mates and then the largest passenger ship in the world, made her first voyage to New York arriving on 21 May 1914 under the command of a Commodore and four Captains of the German Naval Reserve to celebrations featuring German and American officials at the line's Hoboken facilities.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and SS Vaterland (1913)

State of the Union

The State of the Union Address (sometimes abbreviated to SOTU) is an annual message delivered by the president of the United States to a joint session of the United States Congress near the beginning of most calendar years on the current condition of the nation.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and State of the Union

Submarine

A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Submarine

Sumner Welles

Benjamin Sumner Welles (October 14, 1892September 24, 1961) was an American government official and diplomat.

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Sunshine Special (automobile)

The Sunshine Special is a modified 1939 Lincoln Model K limousine that was used as the official state car by United States presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry Truman.

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Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States.

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Surrender of Japan

The surrender of the Empire of Japan in World War II was announced by Emperor Hirohito on 15 August and formally signed on 2 September 1945, ending the war.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Surrender of Japan

Taconic State Park

Taconic State Park is located in Columbia and Dutchess County, New York abutting Massachusetts and Connecticut within the Taconic Mountains.

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Tammany Hall

Tammany Hall, also known as the Society of St.

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Tariff in United States history

Tariffs have historically served a key role in the trade policy of the United States.

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Tax withholding

Tax withholding, also known as tax retention, pay-as-you-earn tax or tax deduction at source, is income tax paid to the government by the payer of the income rather than by the recipient of the income.

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Tehran Conference

The Tehran Conference (codenamed Eureka) was a strategy meeting of Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill from 28 November to 1 December 1943.

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Telecommunications policy of the United States

The telecommunications policy of the United States is a framework of law directed by government and the regulatory commissions, most notably the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Telecommunications policy of the United States

Tennessee Valley Authority

The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is a federally owned electric utility corporation in the United States.

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Tertiary education

Tertiary education, also referred to as third-level, third-stage or post-secondary education, is the educational level following the completion of secondary education.

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The Harvard Crimson

The Harvard Crimson is the student newspaper of Harvard University and was founded in 1873.

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The Holocaust

The Holocaust was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and The Holocaust

The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal (WSJ), also referred to simply as the Journal, is an American newspaper based in New York City, with a focus on business and finance.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.

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Theodore Roosevelt

Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or T.R., was an American politician, soldier, conservationist, historian, naturalist, explorer and writer who served as the 26th president of the United States from 1901 to 1909. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Theodore Roosevelt are 20th-century presidents of the United States, Burials in New York (state), liberalism in the United States, presidents of the United States, Roosevelt family and united States Assistant Secretaries of the Navy.

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Thomas E. Dewey

Thomas Edmund Dewey (March 24, 1902 – March 16, 1971) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 47th governor of New York from 1943 to 1954. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Thomas E. Dewey are American Episcopalians, candidates in the 1940 United States presidential election and candidates in the 1944 United States presidential election.

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Thomas R. Marshall

Thomas Riley Marshall (March 14, 1854 – June 1, 1925) was an American politician who served as the 28th vice president of the United States from 1913 to 1921 under President Woodrow Wilson. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Thomas R. Marshall are Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees.

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Tidal Basin

The Tidal Basin is a man-made reservoir located between the Potomac River and the Washington Channel in Washington, D.C. The Basin is part of West Potomac Park, is near the National Mall and is a focal point of the National Cherry Blossom Festival held each spring.

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Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed on 28 June 1919.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Treaty of Versailles

Tripartite Pact

The Tripartite Pact, also known as the Berlin Pact, was an agreement between Germany, Italy, and Japan signed in Berlin on 27 September 1940 by, respectively, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Galeazzo Ciano, and Saburō Kurusu (in that order) and in the presence of Adolf Hitler.

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Truman Committee

The Truman Committee, formally known as the Senate Special Committee to Investigate the National Defense Program, was a United States Congressional investigative body, headed by Senator Harry S. Truman.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Truman Committee

Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Twentieth Amendment (Amendment XX) to the United States Constitution moved the beginning and ending of the terms of the president and vice president from March4 to January 20, and of members of Congress from March4 to January 3.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Twenty-second Amendment (Amendment XXII) to the United States Constitution limits the number of times a person can be elected to the office of President of the United States to two terms, and sets additional eligibility conditions for presidents who succeed to the unexpired terms of their predecessors.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution

Typhoid fever

Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria, also called Salmonella typhi.

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U-boat

U-boats were naval submarines operated by Germany, particularly in the First and Second World Wars.

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U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government, created in the aftermath of the Wall Street Crash of 1929.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

Unconditional surrender

An unconditional surrender is a surrender in which no guarantees, reassurances, or promises (i.e., conditions) are given to the surrendering party.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Unconditional surrender

Unemployment benefits

Unemployment benefits, also called unemployment insurance, unemployment payment, unemployment compensation, or simply unemployment, are payments made by governmental bodies to unemployed people.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Unemployment benefits

Unfinished portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt

The unfinished portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt is a watercolor of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, President of the United States, by Elizabeth Shoumatoff.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Unfinished portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt

Union Party (United States)

The Union Party was a short-lived political party in the United States, formed in 1936 by a coalition of radio priest Father Charles Coughlin, old-age pension advocate Francis Townsend, and Gerald L. K. Smith, who had taken control of Huey Long's Share Our Wealth (SOW) movement after Long's assassination in 1935.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Union Party (United States)

United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.

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United Nations Conference on International Organization

The United Nations Conference on International Organization (UNCIO), commonly known as the San Francisco Conference, was a convention of delegates from 50 Allied nations that took place from 25 April 1945 to 26 June 1945 in San Francisco, California, United States.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and United Nations Conference on International Organization

United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, and approving any changes to the UN Charter.

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United States antitrust law

In the United States, antitrust law is a collection of mostly federal laws that regulate the conduct and organization of businesses in order to promote competition and prevent unjustified monopolies.

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United States Asiatic Fleet

The United States Asiatic Fleet was a fleet of the United States Navy during much of the first half of the 20th century.

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United States Congress

The United States Congress, or simply Congress, is the legislature of the federal government of the United States.

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United States declaration of war on Germany (1917)

On April 2, 1917, President Woodrow Wilson asked a special joint session of the United States Congress for a declaration of war against the German Empire.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and United States declaration of war on Germany (1917)

United States declaration of war on Germany (1941)

__notoc__ On December 11, 1941, the United States Congress declared war on Germany (Sess. 1, ch. 564), hours after Germany declared war on the United States after the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Empire of Japan.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and United States declaration of war on Germany (1941)

United States declaration of war on Japan

On December 8, 1941, at 12:30 PM ET the United States Congress declared war, on the Empire of Japan in response to its surprise attack on Pearl Harbor and subsequent declaration of war the prior day.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and United States declaration of war on Japan

United States midterm election

Midterm elections in the United States are the general elections that are held near the midpoint of a president's four-year term of office, on Election Day on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November.

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United States Navy Reserve

The United States Navy Reserve (USNR), known as the United States Naval Reserve from 1915 to 2005, is the Reserve Component (RC) of the United States Navy.

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United States non-interventionism

United States non-interventionism primarily refers to the foreign policy that was eventually applied by the United States between the late 18th century and the first half of the 20th century whereby it sought to avoid alliances with other nations in order to prevent itself from being drawn into wars that were not related to the direct territorial self-defense of the United States.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and United States non-interventionism

United States occupation of Haiti

The United States occupation of Haiti began on July 28, 1915, when 330 U.S. Marines landed at Port-au-Prince, Haiti, after the National City Bank of New York convinced the President of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, to take control of Haiti's political and financial interests.

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United States Pacific Fleet

The United States Pacific Fleet (USPACFLT) is a theater-level component command of the United States Navy, located in the Pacific Ocean.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and United States Pacific Fleet

Universal Newsreel

Universal Newsreel (sometimes known as Universal-International Newsreel or just U-I Newsreel) was a series of 7- to 10-minute newsreels that were released twice a week between 1929 and 1967 by Universal Studios.

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Unrestricted submarine warfare

Unrestricted submarine warfare is a type of naval warfare in which submarines sink merchant ships such as freighters and tankers without warning.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Unrestricted submarine warfare

USS Franklin D. Roosevelt

USS Franklin D. Roosevelt (CVB/CVA/CV-42) was the second of three s. To her crew, she was known as "Swanky Franky," "Foo-De-Roo," or "Rosie," with the last nickname probably the most popular.

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USS Panay incident

The USS Panay incident was a Japanese bombing attack on the U.S. Navy river gunboat and three Standard Oil Company tankers on the Yangtze River near the Chinese capital of Nanjing on December 12, 1937.

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Vermont

Vermont is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States.

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Veterans of Foreign Wars

The Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW), formally the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, is an organization of U.S. war veterans who fought in wars, campaigns, and expeditions on foreign land, waters, or airspace as military service members.

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Vice President of the United States

The vice president of the United States (VPOTUS) is the second-highest officer in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government, after the president of the United States, and ranks first in the presidential line of succession.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Vice President of the United States

Vichy France

Vichy France (Régime de Vichy; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State (État français), was the French rump state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Vichy France

Victory in Europe Day

Victory in Europe Day is the day celebrating the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Germany's unconditional surrender of its armed forces on Tuesday, 8 May 1945; it marked the official end of World War II in Europe in the Eastern Front, with the last known shots fired on 11 May.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Victory in Europe Day

Vorbis

Vorbis is a free and open-source software project headed by the Xiph.Org Foundation.

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Voting bloc

A voting bloc is a group of voters that are strongly motivated by a specific common concern or group of concerns to the point that such specific concerns tend to dominate their voting patterns, causing them to vote together in elections.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Voting bloc

Wall Street Crash of 1929

The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as the Great Crash, Crash of '29, or Black Tuesday, was a major American stock market crash that occurred in the autumn of 1929.

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Walter Lippmann

Walter Lippmann (September 23, 1889 – December 14, 1974) was an American writer, reporter, and political commentator.

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Walter Reed National Military Medical Center

Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMMC; formerly known as the National Naval Medical Center and colloquially referred to as Bethesda Naval Hospital, Walter Reed, or Navy Med) is a United States military medical center located in Bethesda, Maryland.

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War crime

A war crime is a violation of the laws of war that gives rise to individual criminal responsibility for actions by combatants in action, such as intentionally killing civilians or intentionally killing prisoners of war, torture, taking hostages, unnecessarily destroying civilian property, deception by perfidy, wartime sexual violence, pillaging, and for any individual that is part of the command structure who orders any attempt to committing mass killings including genocide or ethnic cleansing, the granting of no quarter despite surrender, the conscription of children in the military and flouting the legal distinctions of proportionality and military necessity.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and War crime

War Refugee Board

The War Refugee Board, established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in January 1944, was a U.S. executive agency to aid civilian victims of the Axis powers.

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Warm Springs Historic District

Warm Springs Historic District is a historic district in Warm Springs, Georgia, United States.

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Warm Springs, Georgia

Warm Springs is a city in Meriwether County, Georgia, United States.

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Warren G. Harding

Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923) was an American politician who served as the 29th president of the United States from 1921 until his death in 1923. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Warren G. Harding are 20th-century presidents of the United States, presidents of the United States and presidents of the United States who died while in office.

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Weapon of mass destruction

A weapon of mass destruction (WMD) is a biological, chemical, radiological, nuclear, or any other weapon that can kill or significantly harm many people or cause great damage to artificial structures (e.g., buildings), natural structures (e.g., mountains), or the biosphere.

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Welfare state

A welfare state is a form of government in which the state (or a well-established network of social institutions) protects and promotes the economic and social well-being of its citizens, based upon the principles of equal opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for citizens unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good life.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Welfare state

Wendell Willkie

Wendell Lewis Willkie (born Lewis Wendell Willkie; February 18, 1892 – October 8, 1944) was an American lawyer, corporate executive and the 1940 Republican nominee for president. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Wendell Willkie are candidates in the 1940 United States presidential election, candidates in the 1944 United States presidential election and liberalism in the United States.

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West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish

West Coast Hotel Co.

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West Coast of the United States

The West Coast of the United Statesalso known as the Pacific Coast, and the Western Seaboardis the coastline along which the Western United States meets the North Pacific Ocean.

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Western Allied invasion of Germany

The Western Allied invasion of Germany was coordinated by the Western Allies during the final months of hostilities in the European theatre of World War II.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Western Allied invasion of Germany

Western Europe

Western Europe is the western region of Europe.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Western Europe

Westminster Abbey

Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster, is an Anglican church in the City of Westminster, London, England.

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William B. Bankhead

William Brockman Bankhead (April 12, 1874 – September 15, 1940) was an American politician who served as the 42nd speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1936 to 1940, representing Alabama's 10th and later 7th congressional districts as a Democrat from 1917 to 1940.

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William Borah

William Edgar Borah (June 29, 1865 – January 19, 1940) was an outspoken Republican United States Senator, one of the best-known figures in Idaho's history. Franklin D. Roosevelt and William Borah are candidates in the 1936 United States presidential election.

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William D. Leahy

William Daniel Leahy (6 May 1875 – 20 July 1959) was an American naval officer.

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William Gibbs McAdoo

William Gibbs McAdoo Jr.McAdoo is variously differentiated from family members of the same name. Franklin D. Roosevelt and William Gibbs McAdoo are American Episcopalians.

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William H. Woodin

William Hartman Woodin (May 27, 1868 – May 3, 1934) was a U.S. industrialist.

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William Henry Aspinwall

William Henry Aspinwall (December 16, 1807 – January 18, 1875) was a prominent American businessman who was a partner in the merchant firm of Howland & Aspinwall and was a co-founder of both the Pacific Mail Steamship Company and Panama Canal Railway companies which revolutionized the migration of goods and people to the Western coast of the United States.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and William Henry Aspinwall

William Howard Taft

William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857March 8, 1930) was the 27th president of the United States, serving from 1909 to 1913, and the tenth chief justice of the United States, serving from 1921 to 1930, the only person to have held both offices. Franklin D. Roosevelt and William Howard Taft are 20th-century presidents of the United States and presidents of the United States.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and William Howard Taft

William Lemke

William Frederick Lemke (August 13, 1878 – May 30, 1950) was an American politician who represented North Dakota in the United States House of Representatives as a member of the Republican Party. Franklin D. Roosevelt and William Lemke are candidates in the 1936 United States presidential election.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and William Lemke

William Leuchtenburg

William Edward Leuchtenburg (born September 28, 1922) is an American historian.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and William Leuchtenburg

William O. Douglas

William Orville Douglas (October 16, 1898January 19, 1980) was an American jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1939 to 1975.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and William O. Douglas

William S. Benson

William Shepherd Benson (September 25, 1855 – May 20, 1932) was an admiral in the United States Navy and the first chief of naval operations (CNO), holding the post throughout World War I.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and William S. Benson

Wilsonianism

Wilsonianism, or Wilsonian idealism, is a certain type of foreign policy advice.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Wilsonianism

Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who was twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and 1951 to 1955. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill are time Person of the Year and world War II political leaders.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill

Woodrow Wilson

Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson are 20th-century presidents of the United States, Democratic Party presidents of the United States, liberalism in the United States and presidents of the United States.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson

Works Progress Administration

The Works Progress Administration (WPA; renamed in 1939 as the Work Projects Administration) was an American New Deal agency that employed millions of jobseekers (mostly men who were not formally educated) to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Works Progress Administration

World War I

World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and World War I

World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and World War II

Yalta Conference

The Yalta Conference (Yaltinskaya konferentsiya), held 4–11 February 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and Yalta Conference

1910 New York state election

The 1910 New York state election was held on November 8, 1910, to elect the governor, the lieutenant governor, the Secretary of State, the state comptroller, the attorney general, the state treasurer, the state engineer and two judges of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1910 New York state election

1910 United States elections

The 1910 United States elections elected the members of the 62nd United States Congress, occurring during the Fourth Party System.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1910 United States elections

1911 United States Senate election in New York

The 1911 United States Senate election in New York was held from January 17 to March 31, 1911, by the New York State Legislature to elect a U.S. Senator to represent the State of New York in the United States Senate.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1911 United States Senate election in New York

1912 Democratic National Convention

The 1912 Democratic National Convention was held at the Fifth Regiment Armory off North Howard Street in Baltimore from June 25 to July 2, 1912.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1912 Democratic National Convention

1912 New York state election

The 1912 New York state election was held on November 5, 1912, to elect the governor, the lieutenant governor, the Secretary of State, the state comptroller, the attorney general, the state treasurer, the state engineer and two judges of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1912 New York state election

1912 United States presidential election

The 1912 United States presidential election was the 32nd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 5, 1912.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1912 United States presidential election

1920 Democratic National Convention

The 1920 Democratic National Convention was held at the Civic Auditorium in San Francisco, California from June 28 to July 6, 1920.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1920 Democratic National Convention

1920 United States presidential election

The 1920 United States presidential election was the 34th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 2, 1920.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1920 United States presidential election

1922 United States elections

The 1922 United States elections were held on November 7, 1922.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1922 United States elections

1924 United States presidential election

The 1924 United States presidential election was the 35th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 4, 1924.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1924 United States presidential election

1928 New York state election

The 1928 New York state elections were held on November 6, 1928, to elect the governor, the lieutenant governor, the state comptroller, the attorney general, a U.S. Senator and a judge of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1928 New York state election

1928 United States presidential election

The 1928 United States presidential election was the 36th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 1928.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1928 United States presidential election

1930 New York state election

The 1930 New York state election was held on November 4, 1930, to elect the governor, the lieutenant governor, the state comptroller, the attorney general and a judge of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1930 New York state election

1932 Democratic Party presidential primaries

From March 8 to May 20, 1932, voters and members of the Democratic Party elected delegates to the 1932 Democratic National Convention for the purpose of nominating a candidate for president in the 1932 United States presidential election.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1932 Democratic Party presidential primaries

1932 United States presidential election

The 1932 United States presidential election was the 37th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 1932.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1932 United States presidential election

1933 Banking Act

The Banking Act of 1933 was a statute enacted by the United States Congress that established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and imposed various other banking reforms.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1933 Banking Act

1934 United States elections

The 1934 United States elections were held on November 6, 1934.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1934 United States elections

1936 Democratic National Convention

The 1936 Democratic National Convention was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from June 23 to 27, 1936.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1936 Democratic National Convention

1936 United States presidential election

The 1936 United States presidential election was the 38th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 3, 1936.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1936 United States presidential election

1938 United States elections

The 1938 United States elections were held on November 8, 1938, in the middle of Democratic President Franklin D. Roosevelt's second term.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1938 United States elections

1940 Democratic National Convention

The 1940 Democratic National Convention was held at the Chicago Stadium in Chicago, Illinois from July 15 to July 18, 1940.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1940 Democratic National Convention

1940 United States presidential election

The 1940 United States presidential election was the 39th quadrennial presidential election.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1940 United States presidential election

1944 Democratic National Convention

The 1944 Democratic National Convention was held at the Chicago Stadium in Chicago, Illinois from July 19 to July 21, 1944.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1944 Democratic National Convention

1944 United States presidential election

The 1944 United States presidential election was the 40th quadrennial presidential election.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1944 United States presidential election

1964 United States presidential election

The 1964 United States presidential election was the 45th quadrennial presidential election.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 1964 United States presidential election

73rd United States Congress

The 73rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 73rd United States Congress

74th United States Congress

The 74th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives.

See Franklin D. Roosevelt and 74th United States Congress

See also

1920 United States vice-presidential candidates

20th-century presidents of the United States

Candidates in the 1932 United States presidential election

Candidates in the 1936 United States presidential election

Candidates in the 1940 United States presidential election

Candidates in the 1944 United States presidential election

Delano family

Democratic Party governors of New York (state)

Democratic Party presidents of the United States

Members of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks

New Deal

Presidents of the United States who died while in office

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt

Also known as 32nd President of America, 32nd President of USA, 32nd President of the US, 32nd President of the USA, 32nd President of the United States, 32nd President of the United States of America, 32nd U.S. President, 32nd U.S.A. President, 32nd US President, 32nd USA President, Death of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Delano Roosevelt, F D Roosevelt, F. D. Roosevelt, F. D. Roosevelt Administration, F. Roosevelt Administration, F.D. Roosevelt, F.D.R., FD Roosevelt, FDR, FDR admin, FDR administration, Frank Roosevelt, Frankilin Delano roosevelt, Frankin D Roosevelt, Frankin Delano Roosevelt, Franklin D Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt Administration, Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration, Franklin D. Rosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Administration, Franklin Delano Rosevelt, Franklin Deleno Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt Administration, Franklin Roosevelt's administration, Franklin Rosevelt, I have a terrific headache., POTUS 32, POTUS32, President D Roosevelt, President D. Roosevelt, President Delano Roosevelt, President FDR, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, President Franklin Roosevelt, Roosevelt (32nd president), Roosevelt 32, Roosevelt, Franklin D., Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, Thirty-second President of the United States, United States under Franklin D. Roosevelt.

, Black Cabinet, Board of Economic Warfare, Bonus Army, Bourbon Democrat, Brain trust, Bretton Woods Conference, British Malaya, C-SPAN, Cairo Conference, Calvin Coolidge, Campobello Island, Capital strike, Carter Ledyard & Milburn, Casablanca Conference, Cash and carry (World War II), Chain smoking, Charles Coughlin, Charles de Gaulle, Charles Evans Hughes, Charles Francis Murphy, Charles Lindbergh, Charles W. Bryan, Chiang Kai-shek, Chief of Naval Operations, Child labor laws in the United States, Civil liberties in the United States, Civilian Conservation Corps, Claire Lee Chennault, Clement Attlee, Collective bargaining, Columbia County, New York, Columbia Law School, Columbia University, Combined Chiefs of Staff, Combined Munitions Assignments Board, Concentration camp, Conservative coalition, Constitution of the United States, Cordell Hull, Coronary artery disease, Council of National Defense, Criticism of Franklin D. 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Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, Freedom from fear, Freedom of contract, Freedom of religion, Freedom of speech, French Indochina, French North Africa, Full employment, Fumimaro Konoe, G.I. Bill, Gallup, Inc., General Motors, George C. Marshall, George W. Norris, George Washington, Gerald Nye, German nuclear program during World War II, Giuseppe Zangara, Good Neighbor policy, Gordon Woodbury, Government debt, Governor of New York, Great Depression, Great Depression in the United States, Great Migration (African American), Grosvenor Square, Groton School, Groton, Massachusetts, Grover Cleveland, Guillain–Barré syndrome, Haile Selassie, Haiti, Harlan F. Stone, Harold L. Ickes, Harry F. Byrd, Harry Hopkins, Harry S. Truman, Harvard College, Harvard Law School, Harvard University, Hawaii, Heart failure, Henry A. Wallace, Henry Cabot Lodge, Henry H. Arnold, Henry L. Stimson, Henry Morgenthau Jr., Herbert H. 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United States, Kriegsmarine, Kristallnacht, Landslide victory, Latin America, Law firm, League of Nations, Leapfrogging, Leapfrogging (strategy), Lend-Lease, Leo Szilard, Leslie Groves, Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler, Library of Congress, List of Allied World War II conferences, List of covers of Time magazine (1920s), List of covers of Time magazine (1940s), List of critics of the New Deal, List of multilingual presidents of the United States, List of national parks of the United States, List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets, List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin, Little White House, Lochner era, Long Island State Park Commission, Louis Howe, Lucy Mercer Rutherfurd, Lynching, Lyndon B. Johnson, Maine, Manhattan Project, March of Dimes, Marguerite LeHand, Martin H. 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