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Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster

Index Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster

The was an energy accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Ōkuma, Fukushima Prefecture, initiated primarily by the tsunami following the Tōhoku earthquake on 11 March 2011. [1]

277 relations: Acute radiation syndrome, Advocacy, Agence France-Presse, Albacore, Alcoholism, AlterNet, Americium-241, Amory Lovins, Amy Goodman, Anti-nuclear movement, Apples and oranges, Asahi Shimbun, Asian News International, Associated Press, Australian Greens, Australian Youth Climate Coalition, Autopsy, Ōkuma, Fukushima, Bangkok Post, Barry Brook (scientist), BBC, Becquerel, Behavior of nuclear fuel during a reactor accident, Benignity, Benjamin K. Sovacool, Beznau Nuclear Power Plant, Bloomberg L.P., Boiling water reactor, Boiling water reactor safety systems, Breast cancer, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Caesium-137, Canadian Solar, Cancer, Catalytic converter, Chernobyl disaster, Coal, Comparison of Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear accidents, Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization, Containment building, Contesting the Future of Nuclear Power, Contiguous United States, Control rod, Control room, Convection, Cooling tower, Corium (nuclear reactor), Curie, Dai-ichi, DARPA, ..., Decay heat, Democracy Now!, Depression (mood), Diesel generator, Dollar, Dry cask storage, Dry well, Electric battery, Electricity sector in Japan, Emergency evacuation, Energy accidents, Energy policy, Environment International, Environmental issues in Japan, Epicenter, Fatalism, Fetus, Filtered Containment Venting System, Financial compensation, Flammability limit, Floating wind turbine, Foreign Correspondents' Club of Japan, Fossil fuel, Fossil fuel power station, Friends of the Earth Australia, Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, Fukushima disaster cleanup, Fukushima Prefecture, G-force, Geiger counter, General Electric, Generation II reactor, Generation III reactor, George Monbiot, Geothermal power, Gravity, Group of Eight, Half-life, Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant, Heat exchanger, Heat sink, Hertz, Hexagrammidae, Holy See, Honshu, HuffPost, Humanoid robot, Hydroelectricity, Hydrogen, Hydrogen safety, IEEE Spectrum, Iitate, Fukushima, Infant, Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Nuclear Event Scale, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, Investigation Committee on the Accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Stations of Tokyo Electric Power Company, Iodine-131, Ionizing radiation, Isotopes of caesium, Isotopes of iodine, Isotopes of xenon, James Hansen, James M. Acton, Japanese general election, 2012, Japanese Nuclear Safety Commission, Japanese whiting, Japanese yen, Jiji Press, Jim Green (activist), Junichiro Koizumi, Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant, Ken Caldeira, Kenzaburō Ōe, Kerry Emanuel, KI, Kuroshio Current, Kyodo News, Les Échos (newspaper), Leukemia, Liberal Democratic Party (Japan), Light-water reactor, Linear no-threshold model, Liquefied natural gas, List of cancer mortality rates in the United States, List of civilian nuclear accidents, List of Japanese nuclear incidents, List of nuclear power stations, Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents, Literature, Los Angeles Times, Loss-of-coolant accident, Masao Yoshida (nuclear engineer), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Moment magnitude scale, MOX fuel, Munich Re, Muon tomography, Mycle Schneider, Naoto Kan, National Diet, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Nature (journal), NBC, NHK, NHK World-Japan, Nobel Prize, Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency, Nuclear fission, Nuclear fission product, Nuclear fuel, Nuclear meltdown, Nuclear power, Nuclear power in Japan, Nuclear power phase-out, Nuclear reactor core, Nuclear reactor safety system, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Nuclear submarine, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oil, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Okayama University, Olympic-size swimming pool, Onagawa Nuclear Power Plant, Order of magnitude, Pacific Ocean, Passive autocatalytic recombiner, Passive nuclear safety, Paul Gunter, Peak ground acceleration, Pelagic fish, Plume (fluid dynamics), Plutonium, Power outage, Prefabricated home, Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization, Prime Minister of Japan, Psychological stress, Psychology, Psychosomatic medicine, Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, Radiation-induced cancer, Radioactive contamination, Radioactive decay, Radionuclide, Radiophobia, Radiosensitivity, Reactor pressure vessel, Refueling and overhaul, Regulatory capture, Reinsurance, Renewable energy, Renewable energy in Germany, Reporters Without Borders, Response spectrum, Reuters, Revolving door (politics), Ring of Fire, Risk management, RT (TV network), Safecast (organization), Scram, Screening (medicine), Screening effect, Seawall, Seismic zone, Shelter in place, Shinzō Abe, Shutdown (nuclear reactor), Sievert, South Korea, Soviet Union, Spent fuel pool, Spent nuclear fuel, State Secrecy Law, Strontium-90, Suicide, Swiss Re, Symptom, The Australian, The Daily Telegraph, The Economist, The Guardian, The Japan Times, The Lancet, The Sydney Morning Herald, The Washington Post, Thermal reservoir, Three Mile Island accident, Thyroid, Thyroid cancer, Thyroid neoplasm, Tilman Ruff, Timeline of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Tom Wigley, Torus, Tritium, Tsunami, Ultrasound, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, United States Department of Commerce, United States Environmental Protection Agency, University of California, Berkeley, Unmanned aerial vehicle, Water table, Water vapor, Wind turbine, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, World Health Organization, World Meteorological Organization, World Nuclear Association, World Scientific, Yomiuri Shimbun, Yoshihiko Noda, Zirconium alloy, 1896 Sanriku earthquake, 1933 Sanriku earthquake, 1952 Kern County earthquake, 1978 Miyagi earthquake, 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, 869 Sanriku earthquake. Expand index (227 more) »

Acute radiation syndrome

Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is a collection of health effects that are present within 24 hours of exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation.

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Advocacy

Advocacy is an activity by an individual or group which aims to influence decisions within political, economic, and social systems and institutions.

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Agence France-Presse

Agence France-Presse (AFP) is an international news agency headquartered in Paris, France.

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Albacore

The albacore (Thunnus alalunga), known also as the longfin tuna, is a species of tuna of the order Perciformes.

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Alcoholism

Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.

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AlterNet

AlterNet is a progressive news magazine owned by AlterNet Media, Inc.

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Americium-241

Americium-241 (241Am) is an isotope of americium.

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Amory Lovins

Amory Bloch Lovins (born November 13, 1947) is an American physicist, environmental scientist, writer, and Chairman/Chief Scientist of the Rocky Mountain Institute.

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Amy Goodman

Amy Goodman is an American broadcast journalist, syndicated columnist, investigative reporter, and author.

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Anti-nuclear movement

The anti-nuclear movement is a social movement that opposes various nuclear technologies.

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Apples and oranges

A comparison of apples and oranges occurs when two items or groups of items are compared that cannot be practically compared.

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Asahi Shimbun

The is one of the five national newspapers in Japan.

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Asian News International

ANI Media Private Limited d/b/a Asian News International (ANI) is an Indian news agency based in New Delhi that provides multimedia news to 50 bureaus in India and most of South Asia.

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Associated Press

The Associated Press (AP) is a U.S.-based not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.

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Australian Greens

The Australian Greens (commonly known as The Greens) is a green political party in Australia.

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Australian Youth Climate Coalition

The Australian Youth Climate Coalition (AYCC) is a youth organisation in Australia.

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Autopsy

An autopsy (post-mortem examination, obduction, necropsy, or autopsia cadaverum) is a highly specialized surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause and manner of death or to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present for research or educational purposes.

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Ōkuma, Fukushima

is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.

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Bangkok Post

The Bangkok Post is a broadsheet English-language daily newspaper published in Bangkok, Thailand.

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Barry Brook (scientist)

Barry William Brook (born 28 February 1974 in Melbourne, Australia) is an Australian scientist.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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Becquerel

The becquerel (symbol: Bq) is the SI derived unit of radioactivity.

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Behavior of nuclear fuel during a reactor accident

This page describes how uranium dioxide nuclear fuel behaves during both normal nuclear reactor operation and under reactor accident conditions, such as overheating.

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Benignity

Benignity (from Latin benignus "kind, good", itself deriving from bonus "good" and genus "origin") is any condition that is harmless in the long run.

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Benjamin K. Sovacool

Benjamin K. Sovacool is director of the Danish Center for Energy Technology at the Department of Business Technology and Development and a professor of social sciences at Aarhus University.

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Beznau Nuclear Power Plant

The Beznau nuclear power plant (Kernkraftwerk Beznau) is a nuclear power plant of the Swiss energy utility Axpo, located in the municipality Döttingen, Canton of Aargau, Switzerland, on an artificial island in the Aar river.

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Bloomberg L.P.

Bloomberg L.P. is a privately held financial, software, data, and media company headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.

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Boiling water reactor

The boiling water reactor (BWR) is a type of light water nuclear reactor used for the generation of electrical power.

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Boiling water reactor safety systems

Boiling water reactor safety systems are nuclear safety systems constructed within boiling water reactors in order to prevent or mitigate environmental and health hazards in the event of accident or natural disaster.

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Breast cancer

Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue.

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Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is a nontechnical academic journal, published by Taylor and Francis that covers global security and public policy issues related to the dangers posed by nuclear threats, weapons of mass destruction, climate change, and emerging technologies and biological hazards.

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Caesium-137

Caesium-137 (Cs-137), cesium-137, or radiocaesium, is a radioactive isotope of caesium which is formed as one of the more common fission products by the nuclear fission of uranium-235 and other fissionable isotopes in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons.

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Canadian Solar

Canadian Solar Inc. is a publicly traded company (NASDAQ: CSIQ) that manufactures solar PV modules and provides turn-key solar energy solutions.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Catalytic converter

A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction (an oxidation and a reduction reaction).

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Chernobyl disaster

The Chernobyl disaster, also referred to as the Chernobyl accident, was a catastrophic nuclear accident.

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Coal

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.

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Comparison of Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear accidents

The following table compares the nuclear accidents at Fukushima Daiichi (2011) and Chernobyl (1986) nuclear power plants.

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Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization

The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) is an international organization that will be established upon the entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, a Convention that outlaws nuclear test explosions.

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Containment building

A containment building, in its most common usage, is a reinforced steel or lead structure enclosing a nuclear reactor.

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Contesting the Future of Nuclear Power

Contesting the Future of Nuclear Power: A Critical Global Assessment of Atomic Energy is a 2011 book by Benjamin K. Sovacool, published by World Scientific.

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Contiguous United States

The contiguous United States or officially the conterminous United States consists of the 48 adjoining U.S. states plus Washington, D.C. on the continent of North America.

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Control rod

Control rods are used in nuclear reactors to control the fission rate of uranium and plutonium.

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Control room

A control room, operations center, or operations control center (OCC) is a room serving as a central space where a large physical facility or physically dispersed service can be monitored and controlled.

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Convection

Convection is the heat transfer due to bulk movement of molecules within fluids such as gases and liquids, including molten rock (rheid).

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Cooling tower

A cooling tower is a heat rejection device that rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of a water stream to a lower temperature.

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Corium (nuclear reactor)

Corium (also called fuel containing material (FCM) or lava-like fuel containing material (LFCM)) is the lava-like mixture of fissile material created in a nuclear reactor's core during a nuclear meltdown.

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Curie

The curie (symbol Ci) is a non-SI unit of radioactivity originally defined in 1910.

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Dai-ichi

(第一), is a compound modifier phrase of Japanese origin, meaning number one, or first.

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DARPA

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of emerging technologies for use by the military.

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Decay heat

Decay heat is the heat released as a result of radioactive decay.

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Democracy Now!

Democracy Now! is an hour-long American TV, radio and internet news program hosted by journalists Amy Goodman and Juan González.

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Depression (mood)

Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a person's thoughts, behavior, tendencies, feelings, and sense of well-being.

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Diesel generator

A diesel generator is the combination of a diesel engine with an electric generator (often an alternator) to generate electrical energy.

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Dollar

Dollar (often represented by the dollar sign $) is the name of more than twenty currencies, including those of Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Jamaica, Liberia, Namibia, New Zealand, Singapore, Taiwan, and the United States.

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Dry cask storage

Dry cask storage is a method of storing high-level radioactive waste, such as spent nuclear fuel that has already been cooled in the spent fuel pool for at least one year and often as much as ten years.

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Dry well

A dry well or drywell is an underground structure that disposes of unwanted water, most commonly surface runoff and stormwater, and in some cases greywater.

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Electric battery

An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones, and electric cars.

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Electricity sector in Japan

The electric power industry in Japan covers the generation, transmission, distribution, and sale of electric energy in Japan.

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Emergency evacuation

Emergency evacuation is the urgent immediate egress or escape of people away from an area that contains an imminent threat, an ongoing threat or a hazard to lives or property.

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Energy accidents

Energy resources bring with them great social and economic promise, providing financial growth for communities and energy services for local economies.

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Energy policy

Energy policy is the manner in which a given entity (often governmental) has decided to address issues of energy development including energy production, distribution and consumption.

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Environment International

Environment International is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering environmental science and health.

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Environmental issues in Japan

Environmental pollution in Japan has accompanied industrialization since the Meiji period.

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Epicenter

The epicenter, epicentre or epicentrum in seismology is the point on the Earth's surface directly above a hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or an underground explosion originates.

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Fatalism

Fatalism is a philosophical doctrine that stresses the subjugation of all events or actions to destiny.

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Fetus

A fetus is a stage in the prenatal development of viviparous organisms.

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Filtered Containment Venting System

Filtered Containment Venting System (FCVS) is a system to retain fission products in case of a nuclear accident.

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Financial compensation

Financial compensation refers to the act of providing a person with money or other things of economic value in exchange for their goods, labor, or to provide for the costs of injuries that they have incurred.

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Flammability limit

Mixtures of dispersed combustible materials (such as gaseous or vaporised fuels, and some dusts) and air will burn only if the fuel concentration lies within well-defined lower and upper bounds determined experimentally, referred to as flammability limits or explosive limits.

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Floating wind turbine

A floating wind turbine is an offshore wind turbine mounted on a floating structure that allows the turbine to generate electricity in water depths where fixed-foundation turbines are not feasible.

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Foreign Correspondents' Club of Japan

The Foreign Correspondents' Club of Japan (FCCJ) was started in 1945 to provide infrastructure for foreign journalists working in Post-World War II Japan.

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Fossil fuel

A fossil fuel is a fuel formed by natural processes, such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms, containing energy originating in ancient photosynthesis.

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Fossil fuel power station

A fossil fuel power station is a power station which burns a fossil fuel such as coal, natural gas, or petroleum to produce electricity.

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Friends of the Earth Australia

Friends of the Earth (FoE) Australia is a federation of independent local groups working for a socially equitable and environmentally sustainable future.

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Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

The is a disabled nuclear power plant located on a site in the towns of Ōkuma and Futaba in the Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.

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Fukushima disaster cleanup

The Fukushima disaster cleanup is an ongoing attempt to limit radioactive contamination from the three nuclear reactors involved in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster which followed the earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011.

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Fukushima Prefecture

is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region.

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G-force

The gravitational force, or more commonly, g-force, is a measurement of the type of acceleration that causes a perception of weight.

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Geiger counter

The Geiger counter is an instrument used for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation used widely in applications such as radiation dosimetry, radiological protection, experimental physics and the nuclear industry.

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General Electric

General Electric Company (GE) is an American multinational conglomerate incorporated in New York and headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts.

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Generation II reactor

A generation II reactor is a design classification for a nuclear reactor, and refers to the class of commercial reactors built up to the end of the 1990s.

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Generation III reactor

A Generation III reactor is a development of Generation II nuclear reactor designs incorporating evolutionary improvements in design developed during the lifetime of the Generation II reactor designs.

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George Monbiot

George Joshua Richard Monbiot (born 27 January 1963) is a British writer known for his environmental, political activism.

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Geothermal power

Geothermal power is power generated by geothermal energy.

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Gravity

Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy—including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light—are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another.

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Group of Eight

The G8, reformatted as G7 from 2014 due to the suspension of Russia's participation, was an inter-governmental political forum from 1997 until 2014, with the participation of some major industrialized countries in the world, that viewed themselves as democracies.

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Half-life

Half-life (symbol t1⁄2) is the time required for a quantity to reduce to half its initial value.

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Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant

The is a nuclear power plant in the city of Omaezaki in Shizuoka Prefecture, on Japan's east coast, 200 km south-west of Tokyo.

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Heat exchanger

A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between two or more fluids.

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Heat sink

A heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink) is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant, where it is dissipated away from the device, thereby allowing regulation of the device's temperature at optimal levels.

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Hertz

The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the derived unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second.

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Hexagrammidae

The family of marine fishes Hexagrammidae incorporates the greenlings.

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Holy See

The Holy See (Santa Sede; Sancta Sedes), also called the See of Rome, is the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, the episcopal see of the Pope, and an independent sovereign entity.

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Honshu

Honshu is the largest and most populous island of Japan, located south of Hokkaido across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyushu across the Kanmon Straits.

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HuffPost

HuffPost (formerly The Huffington Post and sometimes abbreviated HuffPo) is a liberal American news and opinion website and blog that has both localized and international editions.

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Humanoid robot

A humanoid robot is a robot with its body shape built to resemble the human body.

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Hydroelectricity

Hydroelectricity is electricity produced from hydropower.

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Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.

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Hydrogen safety

Hydrogen safety covers the safe production, handling and use of hydrogen - particularly hydrogen gas fuel and liquid hydrogen.

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IEEE Spectrum

IEEE Spectrum is a magazine edited by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

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Iitate, Fukushima

is a village located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.

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Infant

An infant (from the Latin word infans, meaning "unable to speak" or "speechless") is the more formal or specialised synonym for "baby", the very young offspring of a human.

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Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire

The French Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (IRSN) ("Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety Institute") located in Fontenay-aux-Roses is a public official establishment with an industrial and commercial aspect (EPIC) created by the AFSSE Act (- French Agency of Sanitary Environmental Security) and by February 22, 2002 decreed n°2002-254.

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International Atomic Energy Agency

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons.

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International Nuclear Event Scale

The International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale (INES) was introduced in 1990 by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in order to enable prompt communication of safety-significant information in case of nuclear accidents.

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International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) is a non-partisan federation of national medical groups in 63 countries, representing doctors, medical students, other health workers, and concerned people who share the common goal of creating a more peaceful and secure world free from the threat of nuclear annihilation.

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Investigation Committee on the Accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Stations of Tokyo Electric Power Company

The Investigation Committee on the Accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Stations of Tokyo Electric Power Company was formed June 7, 2011 by the Japanese government as an independent body to investigate the March Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster.

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Iodine-131

Iodine-131 (131I) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California, Berkeley.

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Ionizing radiation

Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) is radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.

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Isotopes of caesium

Caesium (55Cs; or cesium) has 40 known isotopes, making it, along with barium and mercury, the element with the most isotopes.

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Isotopes of iodine

There are 37 known isotopes of iodine (53I) from 108I to 144I; all undergo radioactive decay except 127I, which is stable.

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Isotopes of xenon

Naturally occurring xenon (54Xe) is made of eight stable isotopes and one very long-lived isotope.

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James Hansen

James Edward Hansen (born 29 March 1941) is an American adjunct professor directing the Program on Climate Science, Awareness and Solutions of the Earth Institute at Columbia University.

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James M. Acton

James M. Acton is a British academic and scientist.

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Japanese general election, 2012

A general election was held in Japan on 16 December 2012.

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Japanese Nuclear Safety Commission

Japan's was a commission established within the Cabinet of Japan as an independent agency to play the main role in nuclear safety administration.

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Japanese whiting

The Japanese whiting, Sillago japonica, (also known as the Japanese sillago or Shiro-gisu) is a common species of coastal marine fish belonging to the smelt-whiting family, Sillaginidae.

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Japanese yen

The is the official currency of Japan.

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Jiji Press

Jiji Press Ltd. (株式会社 時事通信社 Kabushiki gaisha Jiji Tsūshinsha) is a news agency in Japan.

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Jim Green (activist)

James Green is the national anti-nuclear campaigner with Friends of the Earth Australia and Australian coordinator of the Beyond Nuclear Initiative.

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Junichiro Koizumi

is a Japanese politician who was the 56th Prime Minister of Japan from 2001 to 2006.

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Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant

The is a large, modern (housing the world's first ABWR) nuclear power plant on a 4.2-square-kilometer (1,038 acres) site including land in the towns of Kashiwazaki and Kariwa in Niigata Prefecture, Japan on the coast of the Sea of Japan, from where it gets cooling water.

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Ken Caldeira

Kenneth Caldeira is an atmospheric scientist who works at the Carnegie Institution for Science's Department of Global Ecology.

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Kenzaburō Ōe

is a Japanese writer and a major figure in contemporary Japanese literature.

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Kerry Emanuel

Kerry Andrew Emanuel (born April 21, 1955) is an American professor of meteorology currently working at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge.

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KI

Ki or KI may refer to.

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Kuroshio Current

The is a north-flowing ocean current on the west side of the North Pacific Ocean.

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Kyodo News

is a nonprofit cooperative news agency based in Minato, Tokyo.

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Les Échos (newspaper)

Les Échos is the first daily French financial newspaper, edited in Paris since 1908.

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Leukemia

Leukemia, also spelled leukaemia, is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells.

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Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)

The, frequently abbreviated to LDP or, is a conservative political party in Japan.

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Light-water reactor

The light-water reactor (LWR) is a type of thermal-neutron reactor that uses normal water, as opposed to heavy water, as both its coolant and neutron moderator – furthermore a solid form of fissile elements is used as fuel.

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Linear no-threshold model

The linear no-threshold model (LNT) is a model used in radiation protection to quantify radiation exposure and set regulatory limits.

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Liquefied natural gas

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas (predominantly methane, CH4, with some mixture of ethane C2H6) that has been converted to liquid form for ease and safety of non-pressurized storage or transport.

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List of cancer mortality rates in the United States

Different types of cancer can vary wildly in their prognosis.

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List of civilian nuclear accidents

This article lists notable civilian accidents involving fissile nuclear material or nuclear reactors.

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List of Japanese nuclear incidents

This is a list of Japanese atomic, nuclear and radiological accidents, incidents and disasters.

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List of nuclear power stations

The following page lists all nuclear power stations that are larger than in current net capacity.

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Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents

These are lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents.

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Literature

Literature, most generically, is any body of written works.

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Los Angeles Times

The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper which has been published in Los Angeles, California since 1881.

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Loss-of-coolant accident

A loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) is a mode of failure for a nuclear reactor; if not managed effectively, the results of a LOCA could result in reactor core damage.

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Masao Yoshida (nuclear engineer)

was born in Osaka, Japan and was a General Manager in the Nuclear Asset Management Department of the Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc.

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Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

The or METI, is a ministry of the Government of Japan.

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Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

The, also known as MEXT, Monka-shō, and formerly the, is one of the ministries of the Japanese government.

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Moment magnitude scale

The moment magnitude scale (MMS; denoted as Mw or M) is one of many seismic magnitude scales used to measure the size of earthquakes.

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MOX fuel

Mixed oxide fuel, commonly referred to as MOX fuel, is nuclear fuel that contains more than one oxide of fissile material, usually consisting of plutonium blended with natural uranium, reprocessed uranium, or depleted uranium.

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Munich Re

Munich Re Group or Munich Reinsurance Company (Münchener Rück; Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft) is a reinsurance company based in Munich, Germany.

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Muon tomography

Muon tomography is a technique that uses cosmic ray muons to generate three-dimensional images of volumes using information contained in the Coulomb scattering of the muons.

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Mycle Schneider

Mycle Schneider (pronounce Michael, /ˈmaɪkəl/) (born 1959 in Cologne) is a Paris-based nuclear energy consultant, and lead author of The World Nuclear Industry Status Reports.

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Naoto Kan

is a Japanese politician, and former prime minister of Japan.

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National Diet

The is Japan's bicameral legislature.

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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

The, or AIST, is a Japanese research facility headquartered in Tokyo, and most of the workforce is located in Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki, and in several cities throughout Japan.

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National Institute of Standards and Technology

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is one of the oldest physical science laboratories in the United States.

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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA; pronounced, like "Noah") is an American scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce that focuses on the conditions of the oceans, major waterways, and the atmosphere.

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Nature (journal)

Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.

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NBC

The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast.

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NHK

is Japan's national public broadcasting organization.

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NHK World-Japan

NHK World-Japan is the international broadcasting service of NHK (Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai - Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Japan's public broadcaster.

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Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize (Swedish definite form, singular: Nobelpriset; Nobelprisen) is a set of six annual international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, or scientific advances.

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Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency

The was a Japanese nuclear regulatory and oversight branch of the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy under the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI).

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Nuclear fission

In nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry, nuclear fission is either a nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts (lighter nuclei).

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Nuclear fission product

Nuclear fission products are the atomic fragments left after a large atomic nucleus undergoes nuclear fission.

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Nuclear fuel

Nuclear fuel is a substance that is used in nuclear power stations to produce heat to power turbines.

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Nuclear meltdown

A nuclear meltdown (core melt accident or partial core melt) is a severe nuclear reactor accident that results in core damage from overheating.

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Nuclear power

Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.

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Nuclear power in Japan

Prior to the earthquake and tsunami of March 2011, Japan had generated 30% of its electrical power from nuclear reactors and planned to increase that share to 40%.

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Nuclear power phase-out

A nuclear power phase-out is the discontinuation of usage of nuclear power for energy production.

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Nuclear reactor core

A nuclear reactor core is the portion of a nuclear reactor containing the nuclear fuel components where the nuclear reactions take place and the heat is generated.

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Nuclear reactor safety system

The three primary objectives of nuclear reactor safety systems as defined by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission are to shut down the reactor, maintain it in a shutdown condition and prevent the release of radioactive material.

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Nuclear Regulatory Commission

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is an independent agency of the United States government tasked with protecting public health and safety related to nuclear energy.

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Nuclear submarine

A nuclear submarine is a submarine powered by a nuclear reactor.

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Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is an American multiprogram science and technology national laboratory sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and administered, managed, and operated by UT-Battelle as a federally funded research and development center (FFRDC) under a contract with the DOE.

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Oil

An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic (does not mix with water, literally "water fearing") and lipophilic (mixes with other oils, literally "fat loving").

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Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences

is a public university in Ōita, Ōita, Japan, established in 1998.

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Okayama University

is a national university in Japan.

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Olympic-size swimming pool

An Olympic-size swimming pool conforms to regulated dimensions, large enough for international competition.

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Onagawa Nuclear Power Plant

The is a nuclear power plant located on a 1,730,000 m2 (432 acres) site in Onagawa in the Oshika District and Ishinomaki city, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.

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Order of magnitude

An order of magnitude is an approximate measure of the number of digits that a number has in the commonly-used base-ten number system.

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Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.

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Passive autocatalytic recombiner

Passive autocatalytic recombiner (PAR) is a device that removes hydrogen from the containment of a nuclear power plant during an accident.

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Passive nuclear safety

Passive nuclear safety is a safety feature of a nuclear reactor that does not require operator actions or electronic feedback in order to shut down safely in the event of a particular type of emergency (usually overheating resulting from a loss of coolant or loss of coolant flow).

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Paul Gunter

Paul Gunter is a co-founder of the Clamshell Alliance anti-nuclear group, who was arrested at Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant for non-violent civil disobedience on several occasions.

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Peak ground acceleration

Peak ground acceleration (PGA) is equal to the maximum ground acceleration that occurred during earthquake shaking at a location.

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Pelagic fish

Pelagic fish live in the pelagic zone of ocean or lake waters – being neither close to the bottom nor near the shore – in contrast with demersal fish, which do live on or near the bottom, and reef fish, which are associated with coral reefs.

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Plume (fluid dynamics)

In hydrodynamics, a plume is a column of one fluid moving through another.

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Plutonium

Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Pu and atomic number 94.

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Power outage

A power outage (also called a power cut, a power out, a power blackout, power failure or a blackout) is a short-term or a long-term loss of the electric power to a particular area.

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Prefabricated home

Prefabricated homes, often referred to as prefab homes or simply prefabs, are specialist dwelling types of prefabricated building, which are manufactured off-site in advance, usually in standard sections that can be easily shipped and assembled.

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Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization

The Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization, CTBTO Preparatory Commission or CTBTO Prep Com is an international organization based in Vienna, Austria, that is tasked with preparing the activities of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO).

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Prime Minister of Japan

The is the head of government of Japan.

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Psychological stress

In psychology, stress is a feeling of strain and pressure.

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Psychology

Psychology is the science of behavior and mind, including conscious and unconscious phenomena, as well as feeling and thought.

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Psychosomatic medicine

Psychosomatic medicine is an interdisciplinary medical field exploring the relationships among social, psychological, and behavioral factors on bodily processes and quality of life in humans and animals.

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Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster

The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects as a result of the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.

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Radiation-induced cancer

Up to 10% of invasive cancers are related to radiation exposure, including both ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation.

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Radioactive contamination

Radioactive contamination, also called radiological contamination, is the deposition of, or presence of radioactive substances on surfaces or within solids, liquids or gases (including the human body), where their presence is unintended or undesirable (from the International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA - definition).

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Radioactive decay

Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay or radioactivity) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino in the case of electron capture, gamma ray, or electron in the case of internal conversion.

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Radionuclide

A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is an atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable.

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Radiophobia

Radiophobia is an obsessive fear of ionizing radiation, in particular, fear of X-rays.

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Radiosensitivity

Radiosensitivity is the relative susceptibility of cells, tissues, organs or organisms to the harmful effect of ionizing radiation.

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Reactor pressure vessel

A reactor pressure vessel (RPV) in a nuclear power plant is the pressure vessel containing the nuclear reactor coolant, core shroud, and the reactor core.

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Refueling and overhaul

In the United States Navy, Refueling and Overhaul (ROH) refers to a lengthy process or procedure performed on nuclear-powered naval ships, which involves replacement of expended nuclear fuel with new fuel and a general maintenance fix-up, renovation, and often modernization of the entire ship.

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Regulatory capture

Regulatory capture is a form of government failure which occurs when a regulatory agency, created to act in the public interest, instead advances the commercial or political concerns of special interest groups that dominate the industry or sector it is charged with regulating.

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Reinsurance

Reinsurance is insurance that is purchased by an insurance company.

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Renewable energy

Renewable energy is energy that is collected from renewable resources, which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat.

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Renewable energy in Germany

Germany has been called "the world's first major renewable energy economy".

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Reporters Without Borders

Reporters Without Borders (RWB), or Reporters Sans Frontières (RSF), is an international non-profit, non-governmental organization that promotes and defends freedom of information and freedom of the press.

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Response spectrum

A response spectrum is a plot of the peak or steady-state response (displacement, velocity or acceleration) of a series of oscillators of varying natural frequency, that are forced into motion by the same base vibration or shock.

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Reuters

Reuters is an international news agency headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Revolving door (politics)

In politics, the "revolving door" is a movement of personnel between roles as legislators and regulators, on one hand, and members of the industries affected by the legislation and regulation, on the other.

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Ring of Fire

The Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.

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Risk management

Risk management is the identification, evaluation, and prioritization of risks (defined in ISO 31000 as the effect of uncertainty on objectives) followed by coordinator and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability or impact of unfortunate events or to maximize the realization of opportunities.

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RT (TV network)

RT (formerly Russia Today) is a Russian international television network funded by the Russian government.

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Safecast (organization)

Safecast is an international, volunteer-centered organization devoted to open citizen science for the environment.

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Scram

A scram or SCRAM is an emergency shutdown of a nuclear reactor.

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Screening (medicine)

Screening, in medicine, is a strategy used in a population to identify the possible presence of an as-yet-undiagnosed disease in individuals without signs or symptoms.

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Screening effect

In solids, especially in metals and semiconductors, the electrostatic screening or screening effect reduces the electrostatic field and Coulomb potential of an ion inside the solid.

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Seawall

A seawall (or sea wall) is a form of coastal defence constructed where the sea, and associated coastal processes, impact directly upon the landforms of the coast.

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Seismic zone

In seismology, a seismic zone is an area of seismicity potentially sharing a common cause.

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Shelter in place

Shelter in place (also known as a Shelter In-Place Warning, SAME code SPW) is to seek safety within the building one already occupies, rather than to evacuate the area or seek a community emergency shelter.

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Shinzō Abe

is a Japanese politician serving as the 63rd and current Prime Minister of Japan and Leader of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) since 2012, previously being the 57th officeholder from 2006 to 2007.

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Shutdown (nuclear reactor)

In a nuclear reactor, shutdown refers to the state of the reactor when it is subcritical by at least a margin defined in the reactor's technical specifications.

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Sievert

The sievert (symbol: SvNot be confused with the sverdrup or the svedberg, two non-SI units that sometimes use the same symbol.) is a derived unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI) and is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body.

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South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk,; lit. "The Great Country of the Han People"), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying east to the Asian mainland.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Spent fuel pool

Spent fuel pools (SFP) are storage pools for spent fuel from nuclear reactors.

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Spent nuclear fuel

Spent nuclear fuel, occasionally called used nuclear fuel, is nuclear fuel that has been irradiated in a nuclear reactor (usually at a nuclear power plant).

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State Secrecy Law

The State Secrecy Law, officially the, Act No.

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Strontium-90

Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope of strontium produced by nuclear fission, with a half-life of 28.8 years.

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Suicide

Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death.

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Swiss Re

Swiss Reinsurance Company Ltd,"." Swiss Re.

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Symptom

A symptom (from Greek σύμπτωμα, "accident, misfortune, that which befalls", from συμπίπτω, "I befall", from συν- "together, with" and πίπτω, "I fall") is a departure from normal function or feeling which is noticed by a patient, reflecting the presence of an unusual state, or of a disease.

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The Australian

The Australian is a broadsheet newspaper published in Australia from Monday to Saturday each week since 14 July 1964.

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Economist

The Economist is an English-language weekly magazine-format newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited at offices in London.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Japan Times

The Japan Times is Japan's largest and oldest English-language daily newspaper.

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The Lancet

The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal.

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The Sydney Morning Herald

The Sydney Morning Herald (SMH) is a daily compact newspaper published by Fairfax Media in Sydney, Australia.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.

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Thermal reservoir

A thermal reservoir, a short-form of thermal energy reservoir, or thermal bath is a thermodynamic system with a heat capacity that is large enough that when it is in thermal contact with another system of interest or its environment, its temperature remains effectively constant.

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Three Mile Island accident

The Three Mile Island accident occurred on March 28, 1979, in reactor number 2 of Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station (TMI-2) in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, near Harrisburg.

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Thyroid

The thyroid gland, or simply the thyroid, is an endocrine gland in the neck, consisting of two lobes connected by an isthmus.

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Thyroid cancer

Thyroid cancer is cancer that develops from the tissues of the thyroid gland.

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Thyroid neoplasm

Thyroid neoplasm is a neoplasm or tumor of the thyroid.

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Tilman Ruff

Professor Tilman Alfred Ruff AM (born 1955) is an Australian public health and infectious diseases physician who has focused his efforts on immunization and "the global health imperative to eradicate nuclear weapons.".

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Timeline of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster

Fukushima Dai-ichi (dai-ichi means "#1"), is a multi-reactor nuclear power site in the Fukushima Prefecture of Japan.

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Tokyo Electric Power Company

, also known as or TEPCO, is a Japanese electric utility holding company servicing Japan's Kantō region, Yamanashi Prefecture, and the eastern portion of Shizuoka Prefecture.

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Tom Wigley

Tom Wigley is a climate scientist at the University of Adelaide.

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Torus

In geometry, a torus (plural tori) is a surface of revolution generated by revolving a circle in three-dimensional space about an axis coplanar with the circle.

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Tritium

Tritium (or; symbol or, also known as hydrogen-3) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen.

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Tsunami

A tsunami (from 津波, "harbour wave"; English pronunciation) or tidal wave, also known as a seismic sea wave, is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake.

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Ultrasound

Ultrasound is sound waves with frequencies higher than the upper audible limit of human hearing.

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United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation

The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) was set up by resolution of the United Nations General Assembly in 1955.

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United States Department of Commerce

The United States Department of Commerce is the Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with promoting economic growth.

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United States Environmental Protection Agency

The Environmental Protection Agency is an independent agency of the United States federal government for environmental protection.

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University of California, Berkeley

The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public research university in Berkeley, California.

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Unmanned aerial vehicle

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot aboard.

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Water table

The water table is the upper surface of the zone of saturation.

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Water vapor

No description.

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Wind turbine

A wind turbine is a device that converts the wind's kinetic energy into electrical energy.

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Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI, acronym pronounced) is a private, nonprofit research and higher education facility dedicated to the study of all aspects of marine science and engineering and to the education of marine researchers.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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World Meteorological Organization

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 191 Member States and Territories.

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World Nuclear Association

The World Nuclear Association (WNA) is the international organization that promotes nuclear power and supports the companies that comprise the global nuclear industry.

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World Scientific

World Scientific Publishing is an academic publisher of scientific, technical, and medical books and journals headquartered in Singapore.

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Yomiuri Shimbun

The is a Japanese newspaper published in Tokyo, Osaka, Fukuoka, and other major Japanese cities.

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Yoshihiko Noda

is a Japanese politician who was Prime Minister of Japan from 2011 to 2012.

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Zirconium alloy

Zirconium alloys are solid solutions of zirconium or other metals, a common subgroup having the trade mark Zircaloy.

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1896 Sanriku earthquake

The 1896 Sanriku earthquake was one of the most destructive seismic events in Japanese history.

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1933 Sanriku earthquake

The occurred on the Sanriku coast of the Tōhoku region of Honshū, Japan on March 2 with a moment magnitude of 8.4.

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1952 Kern County earthquake

The 1952 Kern County earthquake occurred on July 21 in the southern San Joaquin Valley and measured 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale.

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1978 Miyagi earthquake

The occurred at 17:14 local time (08:14 UTC) on 12 June.

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2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami

The was a magnitude 9.0–9.1 (Mw) undersea megathrust earthquake off the coast of Japan that occurred at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC) on Friday 11 March 2011, with the epicentre approximately east of the Oshika Peninsula of Tōhoku and the hypocenter at an underwater depth of approximately.

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869 Sanriku earthquake

The and associated tsunami struck the area around Sendai in the northern part of Honshu on 9 July 869 AD (26th day of 5th month, 11th year of Jōgan).

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushima_Daiichi_nuclear_disaster

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