Table of Contents
216 relations: 'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi, Abascantus, Abu Bakr al-Razi, Aelius Aristides, Aelius Nicon, Aeschrion of Pergamon, Al-Zahrawi, Aldine Press, Alexander of Aphrodisias, Anatolia, Anatomical terms of muscle, Anatomy, Ancient Corinth, Ancient Greek medicine, Ancient history, Ancient literature, Ancient Rome, Andrea Cesalpino, Andreas Vesalius, Anglicisation, Antonine Plague, Aquileia, Arab Muslims, Arabic, Arabs, Aristotelianism, Aristotle, Artery, Asclepieion, Asclepius, Athenaeus, Athens, Augustine of Hippo, Avicenna, Çukurova, İzmir, Barbary macaque, Basel, Basilius Amerbach the Younger, BBC Radio 4, Bergama, Bloodletting, Body fluid, Burgundio of Pisa, Byzantine Empire, Cambridge University Press, Caracalla, Catarrh, Central nervous system, Charles Singer, ... Expand index (166 more) »
- 129 births
- 216 deaths
- 2nd-century Greek physicians
- 2nd-century Roman physicians
- 3rd-century Greek philosophers
- 3rd-century Greek physicians
- 3rd-century Greek writers
- 3rd-century Roman physicians
- Ancient Greek anatomists
- Ancient Greek logicians
- Ancient Greek philosophers of mind
- Ancient Greek science writers
- Ancient ophthalmologists
- Middle Platonists
- People from Pergamon
'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi
'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi (علی بن عباس مجوسی; died between 982 and 994), also known as Masoudi, or Latinized as Haly Abbas, was a Persian physician and psychologist from the Islamic Golden Age, most famous for the Kitab al-Maliki or Complete Book of the Medical Art, his textbook on medicine and psychology.
See Galen and 'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi
Abascantus
Abascantus (Ἀβάσκαντος) was a physician of Lugdunum, who probably lived in the 2nd century AD. Galen and Abascantus are 2nd-century Greek physicians.
Abu Bakr al-Razi
Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (full name: label),, often known as (al-)Razi or by his Latin name Rhazes, also rendered Rhasis, was a Persian physician, philosopher and alchemist who lived during the Islamic Golden Age.
See Galen and Abu Bakr al-Razi
Aelius Aristides
Publius Aelius Aristides Theodorus (Πόπλιος Αἴλιος Ἀριστείδης Θεόδωρος; 117–181 AD) was a Greek orator and author considered to be a prime example as a member of the Second Sophistic, a group of celebrated and highly influential orators who flourished from the reign of Nero until c. Galen and Aelius Aristides are 2nd-century Greek philosophers and Aelii.
See Galen and Aelius Aristides
Aelius Nicon
Aelius Nicon was a Greek architect and builder in 2nd century AD Pergamon. Galen and Aelius Nicon are 2nd-century births, Aelii and people from Pergamon.
Aeschrion of Pergamon
Aeschrion (Gr. Αισχρίων) of Pergamon was a physician in the 2nd century AD. Galen and Aeschrion of Pergamon are 2nd-century Greek physicians and people from Pergamon.
See Galen and Aeschrion of Pergamon
Al-Zahrawi
Abū al-Qāsim Khalaf ibn al-'Abbās al-Zahrāwī al-Ansari (أبو القاسمخلف بن العباس الزهراوي;‎ 936–1013), popularly known as al-Zahrawi (الزهراوي), Latinised as Albucasis or Abulcasis (from Arabic Abū al-Qāsim), was a physician, surgeon and chemist from al-Andalus.
Aldine Press
The Aldine Press was the printing office started by Aldus Manutius in 1494 in Venice, from which were issued the celebrated Aldine editions of the classics (Latin and Greek masterpieces, plus a few more modern works).
Alexander of Aphrodisias
Alexander of Aphrodisias (translit; AD) was a Peripatetic philosopher and the most celebrated of the Ancient Greek commentators on the writings of Aristotle. Galen and Alexander of Aphrodisias are 2nd-century Greek philosophers.
See Galen and Alexander of Aphrodisias
Anatolia
Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.
Anatomical terms of muscle
Anatomical terminology is used to uniquely describe aspects of skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle such as their actions, structure, size, and location.
See Galen and Anatomical terms of muscle
Anatomy
Anatomy is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts.
Ancient Corinth
Corinth (Κόρινθος; Ϙόρινθος; Corinthus) was a city-state (polis) on the Isthmus of Corinth, the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnese peninsula to the mainland of Greece, roughly halfway between Athens and Sparta.
Ancient Greek medicine
Ancient Greek medicine was a compilation of theories and practices that were constantly expanding through new ideologies and trials. Galen and Ancient Greek medicine are ancient Greek anatomists and ancient Greek science writers.
See Galen and Ancient Greek medicine
Ancient history
Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history through late antiquity.
Ancient literature
Ancient literature comprises religious and scientific documents, tales, poetry and plays, royal edicts and declarations, and other forms of writing that were recorded on a variety of media, including stone, clay tablets, papyri, palm leaves, and metal.
See Galen and Ancient literature
Ancient Rome
In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.
Andrea Cesalpino
Andrea Cesalpino (Latinized as Andreas Cæsalpinus) (1524/1525 – 23 February 1603) was a Florentine physician, philosopher and botanist.
See Galen and Andrea Cesalpino
Andreas Vesalius
Andries van Wezel (31 December 1514 – 15 October 1564), latinised as Andreas Vesalius, was an anatomist and physician who wrote De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem (On the fabric of the human body in seven books), what is considered to be one of the most influential books on human anatomy and a major advance over the long-dominant work of Galen.
See Galen and Andreas Vesalius
Anglicisation
Anglicisation is a form of cultural assimilation whereby something non-English becomes assimilated into, influenced by or dominated by the culture of England.
Antonine Plague
The Antonine Plague of AD 165 to 180, also known as the Plague of Galen (after Galen, the Greek physician who described it), was a prolonged and destructive epidemic, which impacted the Roman Empire.
Aquileia
Aquileia is an ancient Roman city in Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about from the sea, on the river Natiso (modern Natisone), the course of which has changed somewhat since Roman times.
Arab Muslims
Arab Muslims (ﺍﻟْمُسْلِمون ﺍﻟْﻌَﺮَﺏ) are the largest subdivision of the Arab people and the largest ethnic group among Muslims globally, followed by Bengalis and Punjabis.
Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
See Galen and Arabic
Arabs
The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.
See Galen and Arabs
Aristotelianism
Aristotelianism is a philosophical tradition inspired by the work of Aristotle, usually characterized by deductive logic and an analytic inductive method in the study of natural philosophy and metaphysics.
Aristotle
Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. Galen and Aristotle are ancient Greek logicians, ancient Greek philosophers of mind and philosophy writers.
Artery
An artery is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body.
See Galen and Artery
Asclepieion
Asclepieia (Ἀσκληπιεῖον Asklepieion; Ἀσκλαπιεῖον in Doric dialect; Latin aesculapīum) were healing temples in ancient Greece (and in the wider Hellenistic and Roman world), dedicated to Asclepius, the first doctor-demigod in Greek mythology.
Asclepius
Asclepius (Ἀσκληπιός Asklēpiós; Aesculapius) is a hero and god of medicine in ancient Greek religion and mythology.
Athenaeus
Athenaeus of Naucratis (Ἀθήναιος ὁ Nαυκρατίτης or Nαυκράτιος, Athēnaios Naukratitēs or Naukratios; Athenaeus Naucratita) was a Greek rhetorician and grammarian, flourishing about the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 3rd century AD. Galen and Athenaeus are 2nd-century births and 3rd-century deaths.
Athens
Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece.
See Galen and Athens
Augustine of Hippo
Augustine of Hippo (Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Africa.
See Galen and Augustine of Hippo
Avicenna
Ibn Sina (translit; – 22 June 1037 CE), commonly known in the West as Avicenna, was a preeminent philosopher and physician of the Muslim world, flourishing during the Islamic Golden Age, serving in the courts of various Iranian rulers. Galen and Avicenna are court physicians.
Çukurova
Çukurova or the Cilician Plain (Cilicia Pedias in antiquity), is a large fertile plain in the Cilicia region of southern Turkey.
İzmir
İzmir is a metropolitan city on the west coast of Anatolia, and capital of İzmir Province.
See Galen and İzmir
Barbary macaque
The Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus), also known as Barbary ape, is a macaque species native to the Atlas Mountains of Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, along with a small introduced population in Gibraltar.
Basel
Basel, also known as Basle,Bâle; Basilea; Basileia; other Basilea.
See Galen and Basel
Basilius Amerbach the Younger
Basilius Amerbach (1 December 1533 – 25 April 1591) was a lawyer, professor and collector from Basel.
See Galen and Basilius Amerbach the Younger
BBC Radio 4
BBC Radio 4 is a British national radio station owned and operated by the BBC.
Bergama
Bergama is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey.
Bloodletting
Bloodletting (or blood-letting) is the withdrawal of blood from a patient to prevent or cure illness and disease.
Body fluid
Body fluids, bodily fluids, or biofluids, sometimes body liquids, are liquids within the body of an organism.
Burgundio of Pisa
Burgundio of Pisa, sometimes erroneously styled "Burgundius", was a 12th century Italian jurist.
See Galen and Burgundio of Pisa
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
See Galen and Byzantine Empire
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
See Galen and Cambridge University Press
Caracalla
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Lucius Septimius Bassianus, 4 April 188 – 8 April 217), better known by his nickname Caracalla, was Roman emperor from 198 to 217 AD.
Catarrh
Catarrh is an inflammation of mucous membranes in one of the airways or cavities of the body, usually with reference to the throat and paranasal sinuses.
Central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord.
See Galen and Central nervous system
Charles Singer
Charles Joseph Singer (2 November 1876 – 10 June 1960) was a British historian of science, technology, and medicine.
Christ's College, Cambridge
Christ's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge.
See Galen and Christ's College, Cambridge
Cilicia
Cilicia is a geographical region in southern Anatolia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea.
Circulatory system
The circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate.
See Galen and Circulatory system
Collins English Dictionary
The Collins English Dictionary is a printed and online dictionary of English.
See Galen and Collins English Dictionary
Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon
The Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon is a manuscript written in the 13th century by the Arab physician Ibn al-Nafis.
See Galen and Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon
Commodus
Commodus (31 August 161 – 31 December 192) was a Roman emperor who ruled from 177 until his assassination in 192. Galen and Commodus are Aelii.
Compendium
A compendium (compendia or compendiums) is a comprehensive collection of information and analysis pertaining to a body of knowledge.
Constantine the African
Constantine the African, OSB (Constantinus Africanus; died before 1098/1099, Monte Cassino) was a physician who lived in the 11th century.
See Galen and Constantine the African
Crete
Crete (translit, Modern:, Ancient) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the 88th largest island in the world and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia, Cyprus, and Corsica.
See Galen and Crete
Cuspia gens
The gens Cuspia was a plebeian family of equestrian rank at ancient Rome.
Cyprus
Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
See Galen and Cyprus
David Sedley
David Neil Sedley FBA (born 30 May 1947) is a British philosopher and historian of philosophy.
De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem
De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem (Latin, "On the Fabric of the Human Body in Seven Books") is a set of books on human anatomy written by Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564) and published in 1543.
See Galen and De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem
Dissection
Dissection (from Latin dissecare "to cut to pieces"; also called anatomization) is the dismembering of the body of a deceased animal or plant to study its anatomical structure.
Divination
Divination is the attempt to gain insight into a question or situation by way of an occultic ritual or practice.
Dogmatic school
The Dogmatic school of medicine (Dogmatics, or Dogmatici, Δογματικοί) was a school of medicine in ancient Greece and Rome.
Early Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), sometimes controversially referred to as the Dark Ages, is typically regarded by historians as lasting from the late 5th to the 10th century.
See Galen and Early Middle Ages
Editio princeps
In textual and classical scholarship, the editio princeps (plural: editiones principes) of a work is the first printed edition of the work, that previously had existed only in manuscripts.
Empedocles
Empedocles (Ἐμπεδοκλῆς;, 444–443 BC) was a Greek pre-Socratic philosopher and a native citizen of Akragas, a Greek city in Sicily.
Empiric school
The Empiric school of medicine (Empirics, Empiricists, or Empirici, Ἐμπειρικοί) was a school of medicine founded in Alexandria the middle of the third century BC.
Empiricism
In philosophy, empiricism is an epistemological view which holds that true knowledge or justification comes only or primarily from sensory experience and empirical evidence.
Epicureanism
Epicureanism is a system of philosophy founded around 307 BCE based upon the teachings of Epicurus, an ancient Greek philosopher.
Erasistratus
Erasistratus (Ἐρασίστρατος; c. 304 – c. 250 BC) was a Greek anatomist and royal physician under Seleucus I Nicator of Syria.
Exanthem
An exanthem is a widespread rash occurring on the outside of the body and usually occurring in children.
Experiment
An experiment is a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried.
Fall of Constantinople
The fall of Constantinople, also known as the conquest of Constantinople, was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottoman Empire.
See Galen and Fall of Constantinople
Four temperaments
The four temperament theory is a proto-psychological theory which suggests that there are four fundamental personality types: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic.
See Galen and Four temperaments
Galenic corpus
The Galenic corpus is the collection of writings of Galen, a prominent Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher in the Roman Empire during the second century CE.
Galenic formulation
Galenic formulation deals with the principles of preparing and compounding medicines in order to optimize their absorption.
See Galen and Galenic formulation
George of Pisidia
George of Pisidia (Γεώργιος Πισίδης, Geōrgios Pisidēs; Latinized as Pisida) was a Byzantine poet, born in Pisidia.
See Galen and George of Pisidia
Great Lavra
The Monastery of Great Lavra (Μονή Μεγίστης Λαύρας) is the first monastery built on Mount Athos, on the Athos peninsula in northeastern Greece.
Greece
Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe.
See Galen and Greece
Greeks
The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group and nation native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Anatolia, parts of Italy and Egypt, and to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with many Greek communities established around the world..
See Galen and Greeks
Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman
Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman is an Indian scholar of Unani medicine.
See Galen and Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman
Herophilos
Herophilos (Ἡρόφιλος; 335–280 BC), sometimes Latinised Herophilus, was a Greek physician regarded as one of the earliest anatomists. Galen and Herophilos are ancient ophthalmologists.
Hieronymus Fabricius
Girolamo Fabrici d'Acquapendente, also known as Girolamo Fabrizio or Hieronymus Fabricius (20 May 1533 – 21 May 1619), was a pioneering anatomist and surgeon known in medical science as "The Father of Embryology.".
See Galen and Hieronymus Fabricius
Hippocratic Corpus
The Hippocratic Corpus (Latin: Corpus Hippocraticum), or Hippocratic Collection, is a collection of around 60 early Ancient Greek medical works strongly associated with the physician Hippocrates and his teachings.
See Galen and Hippocratic Corpus
History of medicine
The history of medicine is both a study of medicine throughout history as well as a multidisciplinary field of study that seeks to explore and understand medical practices, both past and present, throughout human societies.
See Galen and History of medicine
History of science
The history of science covers the development of science from ancient times to the present.
See Galen and History of science
Humorism
Humorism, the humoral theory, or humoralism, was a system of medicine detailing a supposed makeup and workings of the human body, adopted by Ancient Greek and Roman physicians and philosophers.
Hunayn ibn Ishaq
Hunayn ibn Ishaq al-Ibadi (also Hunain or Hunein) (أبو زيد حنين بن إسحاق العبادي; (808–873), known in Latin as Johannitius, was an influential Arab Nestorian Christian translator, scholar, physician, and scientist. During the apex of the Islamic Abbasid era, he worked with a group of translators, among whom were Abū 'Uthmān al-Dimashqi, Ibn Mūsā al-Nawbakhti, and Thābit ibn Qurra, to translate books of philosophy and classical Greek and Persian texts into Arabic and Syriac.
See Galen and Hunayn ibn Ishaq
Ibn al-Nafis
ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Abī Ḥazm al-Qarashī (Arabic: علاء الدين أبو الحسن عليّ بن أبي حزمالقرشي), known as Ibn al-Nafīs (Arabic: ابن النفيس), was an Arab polymath whose areas of work included medicine, surgery, physiology, anatomy, biology, Islamic studies, jurisprudence, and philosophy.
Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences
Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences (IAMMS) (ابن سینا اکاڈمی آف میڈیول میڈیسین اینڈ سائنسیز.) is a trust registered under the Indian Trusts Act, 1882.
See Galen and Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences
Ibn Zuhr
Abū Marwān ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Zuhr (أبو مروان عبد الملك بن زهر), traditionally known by his Latinized name Avenzoar (1094–1162), was an Arab physician, surgeon, and poet.
In Our Time (radio series)
In Our Time is a live BBC radio discussion series and podcast exploring a wide variety of historical, scientific and philosophical topics, presented by Melvyn Bragg, since 15 October 1998.
See Galen and In Our Time (radio series)
International Society for the History of Medicine
The International Society for the History of Medicine is a non profit international society devoted to the academic study of the history of medicine, including the organization of international congresses.
See Galen and International Society for the History of Medicine
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP) is a scholarly online encyclopedia with 880 articles about philosophy, philosophers, and related topics.
See Galen and Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Interventricular septum
The interventricular septum (IVS, or ventricular septum, or during development septum inferius) is the stout wall separating the ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart, from one another.
See Galen and Interventricular septum
Islamic Golden Age
The Islamic Golden Age was a period of scientific, economic and cultural flourishing in the history of Islam, traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century.
See Galen and Islamic Golden Age
Jacques Dubois
Jacques Dubois (Latinised as Jacobus Sylvius; 1478 – 14 January 1555) was a French anatomist.
Janus Cornarius
Janus Cornarius (ca. 1500 – 16 March 1558) was a Saxon humanist and friend of Erasmus.
Job of Edessa
Job of Edessa (? – ?), called the Spotted (italics), was a Christian natural philosopher and physician active in Baghdad and Khurāsān under the Abbasid Caliphate.
Johann Winter von Andernach
Johann Winter von Andernach (born Johann Winter; 1505 – 4 October 1574) was a German Renaissance physician, university professor, humanist, translator of ancient, mostly medical works, and writer of his own medical, philological and humanities works.
See Galen and Johann Winter von Andernach
Johannes Ilberg
Johannes Ilberg (10 July 1860, Magdeburg – 20 August 1930, Leipzig) was a German educator and classical philologist who was the author of numerous works on ancient Greek medicine.
Johannes Oporinus
Johannes Oporinus (also Johannes Oporin; Latinised from the original German name: Johannes Herbster or Hans Herbst) (25 January 1507 – 7 July 1568) was a humanist printer in Basel.
See Galen and Johannes Oporinus
John Caius
John Caius (born John Kays; 6 October 1510 – 29 July 1573), also known as Johannes Caius and Ioannes Caius, was an English physician, and second founder of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.
John of Alexandria
John of Alexandria (fl. 600–642) was a Byzantine medical writer who lived in Alexandria, in present-day Egypt.
See Galen and John of Alexandria
John Redman Coxe
John Redman Coxe (September 16, 1773 – March 22, 1864) was a physician and professor of medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.
See Galen and John Redman Coxe
Julian (emperor)
Julian (Flavius Claudius Julianus; Ἰουλιανός; 331 – 26 June 363) was the Caesar of the West from 355 to 360 and Roman emperor from 361 to 363, as well as a notable philosopher and author in Greek.
See Galen and Julian (emperor)
Jurisprudence
Jurisprudence is the philosophy and theory of law.
Kai Brodersen
Kai Brodersen (born 6 June 1958) is a contemporary ancient historian and classicist on the faculty of the University of Erfurt.
Karl Gottlob Kühn
Karl Gottlob Kühn (12 July 1754, in Spergau – 19 June 1840, in Leipzig) was a German physician and medical historian.
See Galen and Karl Gottlob Kühn
Larynx
The larynx, commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in breathing, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.
See Galen and Larynx
Latin translations of the 12th century
Latin translations of the 12th century were spurred by a major search by European scholars for new learning unavailable in western Europe at the time; their search led them to areas of southern Europe, particularly in central Spain and Sicily, which recently had come under Christian rule following their reconquest in the late 11th century.
See Galen and Latin translations of the 12th century
Leipzig
Leipzig (Upper Saxon: Leibz'sch) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony.
Library of Pergamum
The Library of Pergamum (Βιβλιοθήκη τουΠέργαμον) is an ancient Greek building in Pergamon, Anatolia, today located nearby the modern town of Bergama, in the İzmir Province of western Turkey.
See Galen and Library of Pergamum
List of editiones principes in Greek
In classical scholarship, the editio princeps (plural: editiones principes) of a work is the first printed edition of the work, that previously had existed only in manuscripts, which could be circulated only after being copied by hand.
See Galen and List of editiones principes in Greek
Literae humaniores
Literae humaniores, nicknamed classics, is an undergraduate course focused on classics (Ancient Rome, Ancient Greece, Latin, ancient Greek, and philosophy) at the University of Oxford and some other universities.
See Galen and Literae humaniores
Logic
Logic is the study of correct reasoning.
See Galen and Logic
Lucius Verus
Lucius Aurelius Verus (15 December 130 – January/February 169) was Roman emperor from 161 until his death in 169, alongside his adoptive brother Marcus Aurelius. Galen and Lucius Verus are Aelii.
Lyon
Lyon (Franco-Provençal: Liyon), formerly spelled in English as Lyons, is the second largest city of France by urban area It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of the French Alps, southeast of Paris, north of Marseille, southwest of Geneva, northeast of Saint-Étienne.
See Galen and Lyon
Maimonides
Moses ben Maimon (1138–1204), commonly known as Maimonides and also referred to by the Hebrew acronym Rambam (רמב״ם), was a Sephardic rabbi and philosopher who became one of the most prolific and influential Torah scholars of the Middle Ages. Galen and Maimonides are court physicians.
Marcomanni
The Marcomanni were a Germanic people.
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (English:; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 and a Stoic philosopher. Galen and Marcus Aurelius are Aelii and philosophy writers.
Medical research
Medical research (or biomedical research), also known as health research, refers to the process of using scientific methods with the aim to produce knowledge about human diseases, the prevention and treatment of illness, and the promotion of health.
See Galen and Medical research
Medicine
Medicine is the science and practice of caring for patients, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health.
Michael Servetus
Michael Servetus (Miguel Serveto; Michel Servet; also known as Miguel Servet, Miguel de Villanueva, Revés, or Michel de Villeneuve; 29 September 1509 or 1511 – 27 October 1553) was a Spanish theologian, physician, cartographer, and Renaissance humanist.
See Galen and Michael Servetus
Mirror writing
Mirror writing is formed by writing in the direction that is the reverse of the natural way for a given language, such that the result is the mirror image of normal writing: it appears normal when it is reflected in a mirror.
Mondino de Luzzi
Mondino de Luzzi, or de Liuzzi or de Lucci, (– 1326), also known as Mundinus, was an Italian physician, anatomist and professor of surgery, who lived and worked in Bologna.
See Galen and Mondino de Luzzi
Motor nerve
A motor nerve, or efferent nerve, is a nerve that contains exclusively efferent nerve fibers and transmits motor signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles of the body.
Mount Athos
Mount Athos (Ἄθως) is a mountain on the Athos peninsula in northeastern Greece.
Muscle tone
In physiology, medicine, and anatomy, muscle tone (residual muscle tension or tonus) is the continuous and passive partial contraction of the muscles, or the muscle's resistance to passive stretch during resting state.
Mysticism
Mysticism is popularly known as becoming one with God or the Absolute, but may refer to any kind of ecstasy or altered state of consciousness which is given a religious or spiritual meaning.
Nervous system
In biology, the nervous system is the highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
Neuroanatomy
Neuroanatomy is the study of the structure and organization of the nervous system.
Neurology
Neurology (from νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the nervous system, which comprises the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves.
New Learning
In the history of ideas the New Learning in Europe is the Renaissance humanism, developed in the later fifteenth century.
Oribasius
Oribasius or Oreibasius (Ὀρειβάσιος; c. 320 – 403) was a Greek medical writer and the personal physician of the Roman emperor Julian.
Otto Seeck
Otto Karl Seeck (2 February 1850 – 29 June 1921) was a German classical historian who is perhaps best known for his work on the decline of the ancient world.
Owsei Temkin
Owsei Temkin (Аўсей Цемкін; October 6, 1902 – July 18, 2002) was William H. Welch Professor Emeritus of the History of Medicine at Johns Hopkins University.
Palermo
Palermo (Palermu, locally also Paliemmu or Palèimmu) is a city in southern Italy, the capital of both the autonomous region of Sicily and the Metropolitan City of Palermo, the city's surrounding metropolitan province.
Palladius (physician)
Palladius (Παλλάδιος; c. 6th century) was a Greek medical writer, some of whose works are still extant.
See Galen and Palladius (physician)
Papyrus
Papyrus is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing surface.
Paracelsus
Paracelsus (1493 – 24 September 1541), born Theophrastus von Hohenheim (full name Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim), was a Swiss physician, alchemist, lay theologian, and philosopher of the German Renaissance.
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city of France.
See Galen and Paris
Pathology
Pathology is the study of disease and injury.
Patrician (ancient Rome)
The patricians (from patricius) were originally a group of ruling class families in ancient Rome.
See Galen and Patrician (ancient Rome)
Pergamon
Pergamon or Pergamum (or; Πέργαμον), also referred to by its modern Greek form Pergamos, was a rich and powerful ancient Greek city in Aeolis.
Peripatetic school
The Peripatetic school was a philosophical school founded in 335 BC by Aristotle in the Lyceum in Ancient Athens.
See Galen and Peripatetic school
Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the science of drugs and medications, including a substance's origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.
Philosophy
Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language.
Physician
A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments.
Physiology
Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.
Pig
The pig (Sus domesticus), also called swine (swine) or hog, is an omnivorous, domesticated, even-toed, hoofed mammal.
See Galen and Pig
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium malariae is a parasitic protozoan that causes malaria in humans.
See Galen and Plasmodium malariae
Plato
Plato (Greek: Πλάτων), born Aristocles (Ἀριστοκλῆς; – 348 BC), was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms. Galen and Plato are ancient Greek logicians and ancient Greek philosophers of mind.
See Galen and Plato
Plato's theory of soul
Plato's theory of the soul, which was inspired various by the teachings of Socrates, considered the psyche (breath) to be the essence of a person, being that which decides how people behave.
See Galen and Plato's theory of soul
Platonism
Platonism is the philosophy of Plato and philosophical systems closely derived from it, though contemporary Platonists do not necessarily accept all doctrines of Plato.
Pneuma
Pneuma (πνεῦμα) is an ancient Greek word for "breath", and in a religious context for "spirit" or "soul".
See Galen and Pneuma
Polemon of Laodicea
Marcus Antonius Polemon (Μάρκος Ἀντώνιος Πολέμων; c. 90 – 144 AD) or Antonius Polemon, also known as Polemon of Smyrna or Polemon of Laodicea (Πολέμων ὁ Λαοδικεύς), was a sophist who lived in the 2nd century.
See Galen and Polemon of Laodicea
Primate
Primates is an order of mammals, which is further divided into the strepsirrhines, which include lemurs, galagos, and lorisids; and the haplorhines, which include tarsiers; and the simians, which include monkeys and apes.
Prognosis
Prognosis (Greek: πρόγνωσις "fore-knowing, foreseeing";: prognoses) is a medical term for predicting the likelihood or expected development of a disease, including whether the signs and symptoms will improve or worsen (and how quickly) or remain stable over time; expectations of quality of life, such as the ability to carry out daily activities; the potential for complications and associated health issues; and the likelihood of survival (including life expectancy).
Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy (also psychological therapy, talk therapy, or talking therapy) is the use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular personal interaction, to help a person change behavior, increase happiness, and overcome problems.
Pulmonary circulation
The pulmonary circulation is a division of the circulatory system in all vertebrates.
See Galen and Pulmonary circulation
Pyrrhonism
Pyrrhonism is an Ancient Greek school of philosophical skepticism which rejects dogma and advocates the suspension of judgement over the truth of all beliefs.
Rationalism
In philosophy, rationalism is the epistemological view that "regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge" or "any view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification",Lacey, A.R. (1996), A Dictionary of Philosophy, 1st edition, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1976.
Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft
The Realencyclopädie (German for "Practical Encyclopedia"; RE) is a series of German encyclopedias on Greco-Roman topics and scholarship.
See Galen and Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft
Renaissance
The Renaissance is a period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries.
Renaissance humanism
Renaissance humanism was a worldview centered on the nature and importance of humanity that emerged from the study of Classical antiquity.
See Galen and Renaissance humanism
Reproduction
Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents.
Respiratory system
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.
See Galen and Respiratory system
Rete mirabile
A rete mirabile (Latin for "wonderful net";: retia mirabilia) is a complex of arteries and veins lying very close to each other, found in some vertebrates, mainly warm-blooded ones.
Robert, King of Naples
Robert of Anjou (Roberto d'Angiò), known as Robert the Wise (Roberto il Saggio; 1276 – 20 January 1343), was King of Naples, titular King of Jerusalem and Count of Provence and Forcalquier from 1309 to 1343, the central figure of Italian politics of his time.
See Galen and Robert, King of Naples
Roman citizenship
Citizenship in ancient Rome (civitas) was a privileged political and legal status afforded to free individuals with respect to laws, property, and governance.
See Galen and Roman citizenship
Roman emperor
The Roman emperor was the ruler and monarchical head of state of the Roman Empire, starting with the granting of the title augustus to Octavian in 27 BC.
Schola Medica Salernitana
The Schola Medica Salernitana (Scuola Medica Salernitana) was a medieval medical school, the first and most important of its kind.
See Galen and Schola Medica Salernitana
Science Museum, London
The Science Museum is a major museum on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, London.
See Galen and Science Museum, London
Scientific method
The scientific method is an empirical method for acquiring knowledge that has characterized the development of science since at least the 17th century.
See Galen and Scientific method
Scribe
A scribe is a person who serves as a professional copyist, especially one who made copies of manuscripts before the invention of automatic printing.
See Galen and Scribe
Sensory nerve
A sensory nerve, or afferent nerve, is an anatomic term for a nerve that contains exclusively afferent nerve fibers.
Septimius Severus
Lucius Septimius Severus (11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was a Roman politician who served as emperor from 193 to 211.
See Galen and Septimius Severus
Sibyl
The sibyls (ai Sibyllai, singular Sibylla) were prophetesses or oracles in Ancient Greece.
See Galen and Sibyl
Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus.
Smyrna
Smyrna (Smýrnē, or Σμύρνα) was an Ancient Greek city located at a strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia.
See Galen and Smyrna
Socrates
Socrates (– 399 BC) was a Greek philosopher from Athens who is credited as the founder of Western philosophy and as among the first moral philosophers of the ethical tradition of thought. Galen and Socrates are ancient Greek philosophers of mind.
Spinal cord
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column (backbone) of vertebrate animals.
Stoicism
Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy that flourished in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.
Suda
The Suda or Souda (Soûda; Suidae Lexicon) is a large 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Soudas (Σούδας) or Souidas (Σουίδας).
See Galen and Suda
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a medical doctor who performs surgery.
Surgery
Surgery is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (i.e., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass), to reconstruct or improve aesthetics and appearance (cosmetic surgery), or to remove unwanted tissues (body fat, glands, scars or skin tags) or foreign bodies.
Susanne Bobzien
Susanne Bobzien (born 1960) is a German-born philosopherWho'sWho in America 2012, 64th Edition whose research interests focus on philosophy of logic and language, determinism and freedom, and ancient philosophy.
Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe.
Syriac language
The Syriac language (Leššānā Suryāyā), also known natively in its spoken form in early Syriac literature as Edessan (Urhāyā), the Mesopotamian language (Nahrāyā) and Aramaic (Aramāyā), is an Eastern Middle Aramaic dialect. Classical Syriac is the academic term used to refer to the dialect's literary usage and standardization, distinguishing it from other Aramaic dialects also known as 'Syriac' or 'Syrian'.
Temple of Peace, Rome
The Temple of Peace (Templum Pacis), also known as the Forum of Vespasian (Forum Vespasiani), was built in Rome in 71 AD under Emperor Vespasian in honour to Pax, the Roman goddess of peace.
See Galen and Temple of Peace, Rome
The Canon of Medicine
The Canon of Medicine (al-Qānūn fī l-ṭibb; Qānun dar Teb; Canon Medicinae) is an encyclopedia of medicine in five books compiled by Muslim Persian physician-philosopher Avicenna (ابن سینا, ibn Sina) and completed in 1025.
See Galen and The Canon of Medicine
Theodotus of Byzantium
Theodotus of Byzantium (Θεόδoτoς Theodotos; also known as Theodotus the Tanner, Theodotus the Shoemaker, Theodotus the Cobbler, and Theodotus the Fuller; flourished late 2nd century) was an Adoptionist theologian from Byzantium, one of several named Theodotus whose writings were condemned as heresy in the early church.
See Galen and Theodotus of Byzantium
Thesaurus Linguae Graecae
The Thesaurus Linguae Graecae (TLG) is a research center at the University of California, Irvine.
See Galen and Thesaurus Linguae Graecae
Thomas Linacre
Thomas Linacre or Lynaker (20 October 1524) was an English humanist scholar and physician, after whom Linacre College, Oxford, and Linacre House, a boys' boarding house at The King's School, Canterbury, were named.
Thucydides
Thucydides (Θουκυδίδης||; BC) was an Athenian historian and general.
Timeline of medicine and medical technology
This is a timeline of the history of medicine and medical technology.
See Galen and Timeline of medicine and medical technology
Trachea
The trachea (tracheae or tracheas), also known as the windpipe, is a cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in almost all animals with lungs.
Tree of Jesse
The Tree of Jesse is a depiction in art of the ancestors of Jesus Christ, shown in a branching tree which rises from Jesse of Bethlehem, the father of King David.
Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.
See Galen and Turkey
Unani medicine
Unani or Yunani medicine (Urdu: طب یونانی tibb yūnānī) is Perso-Arabic traditional medicine as practiced in Muslim culture in South Asia and modern day Central Asia.
University and State Library Düsseldorf
The University and State Library Düsseldorf (Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf, abbreviated ULB Düsseldorf) is a central service institution of Heinrich Heine University.
See Galen and University and State Library Düsseldorf
University of Basel
The University of Basel (Latin: Universitas Basiliensis, German: Universität Basel) is a public research university in Basel, Switzerland.
See Galen and University of Basel
University of Michigan Press
The University of Michigan Press is a new university press (NUP) that is a part of Michigan Publishing at the University of Michigan Library.
See Galen and University of Michigan Press
University of Montpellier
The University of Montpellier (Université de Montpellier) is a public research university located in Montpellier, in south-east of France.
See Galen and University of Montpellier
University of Naples Federico II
The University of Naples Federico II (Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II) is a public research university in Naples, Campania, Italy.
See Galen and University of Naples Federico II
Venipuncture
In medicine, venipuncture or venepuncture is the process of obtaining intravenous access for the purpose of venous blood sampling (also called phlebotomy) or intravenous therapy.
Venous blood
Venous blood is deoxygenated blood which travels from the peripheral blood vessels, through the venous system into the right atrium of the heart.
Vertebral column
The vertebral column, also known as the spinal column, spine or backbone, is the core part of the axial skeleton in vertebrate animals.
See Galen and Vertebral column
Vivisection
Vivisection is surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure.
Western culture
Western culture, also known as Western civilization, European civilization, Occidental culture, or Western society, includes the diverse heritages of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems, artifacts and technologies of the Western world.
William Harvey
William Harvey (1 April 1578 – 3 June 1657) was an English physician who made influential contributions in anatomy and physiology.
Wound
A wound is any disruption of or damage to living tissue, such as skin, mucous membranes, or organs.
See Galen and Wound
See also
129 births
216 deaths
2nd-century Greek physicians
- Abascantus
- Aelianus Meccius
- Aelius Promotus
- Aeschrion of Pergamon
- Andronicus (physician)
- Antigonus (physician)
- Antiochus (physician)
- Antiochus Philometor
- Antipater (2nd-century physician)
- Antonius (herbalist)
- Antyllus
- Apollonides (physician)
- Apollonius Glaucus
- Archigenes
- Artemidorus Capito
- Asclepiades Pharmacion
- Athryilatus
- Caius Calpurnius Asclepiades of Prusa
- Criton of Heraclea
- Epipodius and Alexander
- Eudemus (physician)
- Galen
- Leonidas (physician)
- Marcellus of Side
- Menemachus
- Menodotus of Nicomedia
- Numisianus
- Rufus of Ephesus
- Sextus Empiricus
- Soranus of Ephesus
- Theodas of Laodicea
2nd-century Roman physicians
3rd-century Greek philosophers
- Alexander of Lycopolis
- Amelius
- Ammonius Saccas
- Ammonius of Alexandria (Christian philosopher)
- Anatolius of Laodicea
- Aratus
- Cassius Longinus (philosopher)
- Claudius Aelianus
- Clement of Alexandria
- Diogenes Laertius
- Fronto of Emesa
- Galen
- Iamblichus
- Origen
- Origen the Pagan
- Philiscus of Thessaly
- Plotinus
- Proclus Mallotes
- Theodorus of Asine
3rd-century Greek physicians
3rd-century Greek writers
3rd-century Roman physicians
Ancient Greek anatomists
- Aelianus Meccius
- Alcmaeon of Croton
- Amentes
- Ancient Greek medicine
- Antigenes
- Galen
- Nileus (physician)
Ancient Greek logicians
- Alexinus
- Aristotle
- Chrysippus
- Diodorus Cronus
- Eudemus of Rhodes
- Galen
- Philo the Dialectician
- Plato
- Theophrastus
- Zeno of Elea
Ancient Greek philosophers of mind
- Ammonius Saccas
- Anaxagoras
- Apollonius of Tyana
- Aristotle
- Epicurus
- Galen
- Heraclitus
- Metrodorus of Scepsis
- Parmenides
- Plato
- Plotinus
- Pythagoras
- Socrates
- Strato of Lampsacus
- Zeno of Citium
Ancient Greek science writers
- Aëtius of Amida
- Agathotychus
- Alcmaeon of Croton
- Amentes
- Ancient Greek medicine
- Andreas (physicians)
- Anonymus Londinensis
- Antonius (herbalist)
- Diocles of Carystus
- Galen
- Hero of Alexandria
- Hippocrates
- Philo of Byzantium
- Sicamus Aëtius
- Soranus of Ephesus
- Theophrastus
Ancient ophthalmologists
- Alcmaeon of Croton
- Demosthenes Philalethes
- Galen
- Herophilos
- Philoxenus (physician)
- Rufus of Ephesus
- Sushruta
Middle Platonists
- Albinus (philosopher)
- Alcinous (philosopher)
- Alexander Peloplaton
- Ammonius Saccas
- Ammonius of Athens
- Antiochus of Ascalon
- Apollonius of Syria
- Apuleius
- Aristocles of Rhodes
- Aristus of Ascalon
- Arria (philosopher)
- Athenagoras of Athens
- Atticus (philosopher)
- Aulus Gellius
- Calcidius
- Cassius Longinus (philosopher)
- Celsus
- Clement of Alexandria
- Dercyllides
- Eudorus of Alexandria
- Gaius the Platonist
- Galen
- Harpocration of Argos
- Hierax (Platonist)
- Hippolytus of Rome
- Justin Martyr
- Lucius Calvenus Taurus
- Maximus of Tyre
- Moderatus of Gades
- Nicomachus
- Numenius of Apamea
- Onasander
- Origen
- Origen the Pagan
- Philo
- Plutarch
- Pseudo-Plutarch
- Theon of Smyrna
- Thrasyllus of Mendes
- Timaeus the Sophist
People from Pergamon
- Aelius Nicon
- Aeschrion of Pergamon
- Andronicus of Pergamum
- Antipas of Pergamum
- Apollodorus of Pergamon
- Apollonis of Cyzicus
- Aristocles of Pergamon
- Artemon of Pergamon
- Attalus I
- Attalus II Philadelphus
- Attalus III
- Biton of Pergamon
- Carystius
- Cratippus of Pergamon
- Diodorus Pasparus
- Epigonus
- Gaius Antius Aulus Julius Quadratus
- Galen
- Hegesinus of Pergamon
- Mithridates II of the Bosporus
- Sosus of Pergamon
References
Also known as Aelius Galenus, Claude Galien, Claudius Galen, Claudius Galenus, Claudius Galenus of Pergamum, Galen of Pergamon, Galen of Pergamum, Galen the Physician, Galenian, Galenic medicine, Galenism, Galenist, Galenists, Galenos, Galenus, Galenus Claudius, Jalinos, Omnia Opera (Galen).
, Christ's College, Cambridge, Cilicia, Circulatory system, Collins English Dictionary, Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon, Commodus, Compendium, Constantine the African, Crete, Cuspia gens, Cyprus, David Sedley, De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem, Dissection, Divination, Dogmatic school, Early Middle Ages, Editio princeps, Empedocles, Empiric school, Empiricism, Epicureanism, Erasistratus, Exanthem, Experiment, Fall of Constantinople, Four temperaments, Galenic corpus, Galenic formulation, George of Pisidia, Great Lavra, Greece, Greeks, Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, Herophilos, Hieronymus Fabricius, Hippocratic Corpus, History of medicine, History of science, Humorism, Hunayn ibn Ishaq, Ibn al-Nafis, Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences, Ibn Zuhr, In Our Time (radio series), International Society for the History of Medicine, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Interventricular septum, Islamic Golden Age, Jacques Dubois, Janus Cornarius, Job of Edessa, Johann Winter von Andernach, Johannes Ilberg, Johannes Oporinus, John Caius, John of Alexandria, John Redman Coxe, Julian (emperor), Jurisprudence, Kai Brodersen, Karl Gottlob Kühn, Larynx, Latin translations of the 12th century, Leipzig, Library of Pergamum, List of editiones principes in Greek, Literae humaniores, Logic, Lucius Verus, Lyon, Maimonides, Marcomanni, Marcus Aurelius, Medical research, Medicine, Michael Servetus, Mirror writing, Mondino de Luzzi, Motor nerve, Mount Athos, Muscle tone, Mysticism, Nervous system, Neuroanatomy, Neurology, New Learning, Oribasius, Otto Seeck, Owsei Temkin, Palermo, Palladius (physician), Papyrus, Paracelsus, Paris, Pathology, Patrician (ancient Rome), Pergamon, Peripatetic school, Pharmacology, Philosophy, Physician, Physiology, Pig, Plasmodium malariae, Plato, Plato's theory of soul, Platonism, Pneuma, Polemon of Laodicea, Primate, Prognosis, Psychotherapy, Pulmonary circulation, Pyrrhonism, Rationalism, Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, Renaissance, Renaissance humanism, Reproduction, Respiratory system, Rete mirabile, Robert, King of Naples, Roman citizenship, Roman emperor, Schola Medica Salernitana, Science Museum, London, Scientific method, Scribe, Sensory nerve, Septimius Severus, Sibyl, Smallpox, Smyrna, Socrates, Spinal cord, Stoicism, Suda, Surgeon, Surgery, Susanne Bobzien, Switzerland, Syriac language, Temple of Peace, Rome, The Canon of Medicine, Theodotus of Byzantium, Thesaurus Linguae Graecae, Thomas Linacre, Thucydides, Timeline of medicine and medical technology, Trachea, Tree of Jesse, Turkey, Unani medicine, University and State Library Düsseldorf, University of Basel, University of Michigan Press, University of Montpellier, University of Naples Federico II, Venipuncture, Venous blood, Vertebral column, Vivisection, Western culture, William Harvey, Wound.