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Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Index Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a form of congestive heart failure where in the amount of blood pumped from the heart's left ventricle with each beat (ejection fraction) is greater than 50%. [1]

105 relations: ACE inhibitor, Adherence (medicine), Adolf Eugen Fick, Afterload, Angiotensin II receptor blocker, Antimineralocorticoid, Aortic stenosis, Atrial fibrillation, Basic metabolic panel, Beta blocker, Bradycardia, Brain natriuretic peptide, Calcium channel blocker, Cardiac action potential, Cardiac arrest, Cardiac catheterization, Cardiac fibrosis, Cardiac muscle, Cardiac muscle cell, Cardiac output, Cardiac reserve, Cardiac resynchronization therapy, CGMP-dependent protein kinase, Chronotropic, Collagen, Collagenase, Comorbidity, Compliance (physiology), Concentric hypertrophy, Constrictive pericarditis, Coronary, Coronary artery disease, Cytokine, Diabetes mellitus, Diastole, Digoxin, Diuretic, Doppler echocardiography, E-selectin, E/A ratio, Echocardiography, Edema, Ejection fraction, Enalapril, Endothelium, Extracellular matrix, Fibrosis, Frank–Starling law, Gross anatomy, Heart (journal), ..., Heart failure, Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, Heart rate, High-output heart failure, Hydrostatics, Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, Hypertrophy, Hypotension, Insulin resistance, Ischemia, Isovolumic relaxation time, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Jugular venous pressure, Lusitropy, Lymphocyte, Metabolic syndrome, Metalloproteinase, Microvessel, Mitral valve, Muscle contraction, Myocardial infarction, Natriuretic peptide, Nebivolol, New York Heart Association Functional Classification, Nitric oxide, Obesity, Obstructive sleep apnea, Orthopnea, Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea, PDE5 inhibitor, Preload (cardiology), Pulmonary edema, Pulmonary hypertension, Radionuclide angiography, Ramipril, Restrictive cardiomyopathy, Senescence, Shortness of breath, Smoking, Spironolactone, Standard of care, Stroke volume, Systole, The New England Journal of Medicine, Transforming growth factor beta, Transthyretin, Tricuspid valve, Vasodilation, Ventricle (heart), Ventricular dyssynchrony, Ventricular remodeling, Verapamil, VO2 max, Wild-type transthyretin amyloid. Expand index (55 more) »

ACE inhibitor

An angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) is a pharmaceutical drug used primarily for the treatment of hypertension (elevated blood pressure) and congestive heart failure.

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Adherence (medicine)

In medicine, compliance (also adherence, capacitance) describes the degree to which a patient correctly follows medical advice.

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Adolf Eugen Fick

Adolf Eugen Fick (3 September 1829 – 21 August 1901) was a German-born physician and physiologist.

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Afterload

Afterload is the pressure against which the heart must work to eject blood during systole.

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Angiotensin II receptor blocker

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), also known as angiotensin II receptor antagonists, AT1 receptor antagonists or sartans, are a group of pharmaceuticals that modulate the renin–angiotensin system.

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Antimineralocorticoid

An antimineralocorticoid, MCRA, or an aldosterone antagonist, is a diuretic drug which antagonizes the action of aldosterone at mineralocorticoid receptors.

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Aortic stenosis

Aortic stenosis (AS or AoS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart (where the aorta begins), such that problems result.

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Atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atria.

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Basic metabolic panel

A basic metabolic panel (BMP) is a blood test consisting of a set of seven or eight biochemical tests and is one of the most common lab tests ordered by health care providers.

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Beta blocker

Beta blockers, also written β-blockers, are a class of medications that are particularly used to manage abnormal heart rhythms, and to protect the heart from a second heart attack (myocardial infarction) after a first heart attack (secondary prevention).

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Bradycardia

Bradycardia is a condition wherein an individual has a very slow heart rate, typically defined as a resting heart rate of under 60 beats per minute (BPM) in adults.

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Brain natriuretic peptide

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), also known as B-type natriuretic peptide, is a hormone secreted by cardiomyocytes in the heart ventricles in response to stretching caused by increased ventricular blood volume.

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Calcium channel blocker

Calcium channel blockers (CCB), calcium channel antagonists or calcium antagonists are several medications that disrupt the movement of calcium through calcium channels.

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Cardiac action potential

The cardiac action potential is a brief change in voltage (membrane potential) across the cell membrane of heart cells.

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Cardiac arrest

Cardiac arrest is a sudden loss of blood flow resulting from the failure of the heart to effectively pump.

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Cardiac catheterization

Cardiac catheterization (heart cath) is the insertion of a catheter into a chamber or vessel of the heart.

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Cardiac fibrosis

Cardiac fibrosis may refer to an abnormal thickening of the heart valves due to inappropriate proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts but more commonly refers to the excess deposition of extracellular matrix in the cardiac muscle.

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Cardiac muscle

Cardiac muscle (heart muscle) is one of the three major types of muscle, the others being skeletal and smooth muscle.

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Cardiac muscle cell

Cardiac muscle cells or cardiomyocytes (also known as myocardiocytes or cardiac myocytes) are the muscle cells (myocytes) that make up the cardiac muscle (heart muscle).

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Cardiac output

Cardiac output (CO, also denoted by the symbols Q and \dot Q_), is a term used in cardiac physiology that describes the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, in particular by the left or right ventricle, per unit time.

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Cardiac reserve

Cardiac reserve refers to the difference between the rate at which the heart pumps blood and its maximum capacity for pumping blood at any given time.

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Cardiac resynchronization therapy

An implanted cardiac resynchronization device is a medical device used in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).

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CGMP-dependent protein kinase

cGMP-dependent protein kinase or Protein Kinase G (PKG) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that is activated by cGMP.

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Chronotropic

Chronotropic effects (from chrono-, meaning time, and tropos, "a turn") are those that change the heart rate.

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Collagen

Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular space in the various connective tissues in animal bodies.

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Collagenase

Collagenases are enzymes that break the peptide bonds in collagen.

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Comorbidity

In medicine, comorbidity is the presence of one or more additional diseases or disorders co-occurring with (that is, concomitant or concurrent with) a primary disease or disorder; in the countable sense of the term, a comorbidity (plural comorbidities) is each additional disorder or disease.

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Compliance (physiology)

Compliance is the ability of a hollow organ (vessel) to distend and increase volume with increasing transmural pressure or the tendency of a hollow organ to resist recoil toward its original dimensions on application of a distending or compressing force.

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Concentric hypertrophy

Concentric hypertrophy is a hypertrophic growth of a hollow organ without overall enlargement, in which the walls of the organ are thickened and its capacity or volume is diminished.

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Constrictive pericarditis

Constrictive pericarditis is a medical condition characterized by a thickened, fibrotic pericardium, limiting the heart's ability to function normally.

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Coronary

Coronary may, as shorthand in English, be used to mean: to coronate or cremate a body.

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Coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as ischemic heart disease (IHD), refers to a group of diseases which includes stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death.

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Cytokine

Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–20 kDa) that are important in cell signaling.

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Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.

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Diastole

Diastole is the part of the cardiac cycle during which the heart refills with blood after the emptying done during systole (contraction).

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Digoxin

Digoxin, sold under the brand name Lanoxin among others, is a medication used to treat various heart conditions.

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Diuretic

A diuretic is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine.

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Doppler echocardiography

Doppler echocardiography is a procedure that uses Doppler ultrasonography to examine the heart.

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E-selectin

E-selectin, also known as CD62 antigen-like family member E (CD62E), endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1), or leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 2 (LECAM2), is a cell adhesion molecule expressed only on endothelial cells activated by cytokines.

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E/A ratio

The E/A ratio is a marker of the function of the left ventricle of the heart.

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Echocardiography

An echocardiogram, often referred to as a cardiac echo or simply an echo, is a sonogram of the heart.

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Edema

Edema, also spelled oedema or œdema, is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitium, located beneath the skin and in the cavities of the body, which can cause severe pain.

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Ejection fraction

An ejection fraction (EF) is the volumetric fraction of fluid (usually blood) ejected from a chamber (usually the heart) with each contraction (or heartbeat).

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Enalapril

Enalapril, sold under the brand name Vasotec among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, diabetic kidney disease, and heart failure.

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Endothelium

Endothelium refers to cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.

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Extracellular matrix

In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by support cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.

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Fibrosis

Fibrosis is the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue in a reparative or reactive process.

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Frank–Starling law

The Frank–Starling law of the heart (also known as Starling's law and the Frank–Starling mechanism) represents the relationship between stroke volume and end diastolic volume.

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Gross anatomy

Gross anatomy (also called topographical anatomy) is the study of anatomy at the visible (macroscopic) level.

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Heart (journal)

Heart is a biweekly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all areas of cardiovascular medicine and surgery.

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Heart failure

Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), is when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs.

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Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a form of congestive heart failure where in the amount of blood pumped from the heart's left ventricle with each beat (ejection fraction) is greater than 50%.

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Heart rate

Heart rate is the speed of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute (bpm).

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High-output heart failure

High-output heart failure is a heart condition that occurs when the cardiac output is higher than normal due to increased peripheral demand.

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Hydrostatics

Fluid statics or hydrostatics is the branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluids at rest.

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Hyperlipidemia

Hyperlipidemia is abnormally elevated levels of any or all lipids or lipoproteins in the blood.

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Hypertension

Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.

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Hypertrophy

Hypertrophy (from Greek ὑπέρ "excess" + τροφή "nourishment") is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells.

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Hypotension

Hypotension is low blood pressure, especially in the arteries of the systemic circulation.

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Insulin resistance

Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathological condition in which cells fail to respond normally to the hormone insulin.

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Ischemia

Ischemia or ischaemia is a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive).

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Isovolumic relaxation time

Isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) is an interval in the cardiac cycle, from the aortic component of the second heart sound, that is, closure of the aortic valve, to onset of filling by opening of the mitral valve.

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Journal of the American College of Cardiology

The Journal of the American College of Cardiology is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of cardiovascular disease, including original clinical studies, translational investigations with clear clinical relevance, state-of-the-art papers, review articles, and editorials interpreting and commenting on the research presented.

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Jugular venous pressure

The jugular venous pressure (JVP, sometimes referred to as jugular venous pulse) is the indirectly observed pressure over the venous system via visualization of the internal jugular vein.

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Lusitropy

Lusitropy is the rate of myocardial relaxation.

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Lymphocyte

A lymphocyte is one of the subtypes of white blood cell in a vertebrate's immune system.

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Metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome, sometimes known by other names, is a clustering of at least three of the five following medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels.

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Metalloproteinase

A metalloproteinase, or metalloprotease, is any protease enzyme whose catalytic mechanism involves a metal.

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Microvessel

Microvessel or microvasculature refers to the smallest systems of blood vessels in a body, including those responsible for microcirculation, the system of smaller blood vessels that distribute blood within tissues.

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Mitral valve

The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve, is a valve with two flaps in the heart, that lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

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Muscle contraction

Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle fibers.

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Myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle.

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Natriuretic peptide

Natriuretic peptide refers to a peptide which induces natriuresis, the excretion of sodium by the kidneys.

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Nebivolol

Nebivolol is a β1 receptor blocker with nitric oxide-potentiating vasodilatory effect used in treatment of hypertension and, in Europe, also for left ventricular failure.

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New York Heart Association Functional Classification

The New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification provides a simple way of classifying the extent of heart failure.

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Nitric oxide

Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula NO.

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Obesity

Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.

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Obstructive sleep apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common type of sleep apnea and is caused by complete or partial obstructions of the upper airway.

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Orthopnea

Orthopnea or orthopnoea is shortness of breath (dyspnea) that occurs when lying flat, causing the person to have to sleep propped up in bed or sitting in a chair.

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Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea (PND) refers to attacks of severe shortness of breath and coughing that generally occur at night.

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PDE5 inhibitor

A phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5 inhibitor) is a drug used to block the degradative action of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) on cyclic GMP in the smooth muscle cells lining the blood vessels supplying the corpus cavernosum of the penis.

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Preload (cardiology)

In cardiac physiology, preload is the end diastolic volume that stretches the right or left ventricle of the heart to its greatest dimensions under variable physiologic demand.

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Pulmonary edema

Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs.

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Pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PH or PHTN) is a condition of increased blood pressure within the arteries of the lungs.

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Radionuclide angiography

Radionuclide angiography is an area of nuclear medicine which specialises in imaging to show the functionality of the right and left ventricles of the heart, thus allowing informed diagnostic intervention in heart failure.

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Ramipril

Ramipril, sold under the brand name Altace among others, is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and congestive heart failure.

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Restrictive cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a form of cardiomyopathy in which the walls of the heart are rigid (but not thickened).

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Senescence

Senescence or biological ageing is the gradual deterioration of function characteristic of most complex lifeforms, arguably found in all biological kingdoms, that on the level of the organism increases mortality after maturation.

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Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath, also known as dyspnea, is the feeling that one cannot breathe well enough.

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Smoking

Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.

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Spironolactone

Spironolactone, sold under the brand name Aldactone among others, is a medication that is primarily used to treat fluid build-up due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease.

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Standard of care

In tort law, the standard of care is the only degree of prudence and caution required of an individual who is under a duty of care.

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Stroke volume

In cardiovascular physiology, stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per beat.

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Systole

The systole is that part of the cardiac cycle during which some chambers of the heart muscle contract after refilling with blood.

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The New England Journal of Medicine

The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society.

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Transforming growth factor beta

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor superfamily that includes four different isoforms (TGF-β 1 to 4, HGNC symbols TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFB3, TGFB4) and many other signaling proteins produced by all white blood cell lineages.

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Transthyretin

Transthyretin (TTR) is a transport protein in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid that carries the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) and retinol-binding protein bound to retinol.

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Tricuspid valve

The tricuspid valve, or right atrioventricular valve, is on the right dorsal side of the mammalian heart, between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

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Vasodilation

Vasodilation is the widening of blood vessels.

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Ventricle (heart)

A ventricle is one of two large chambers in the heart that collect and expel blood received from an atrium towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs.

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Ventricular dyssynchrony

In cardiology, Ventricular dyssynchrony is a difference in the timing, or lack of synchrony, of contractions in different ventricles in the heart.

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Ventricular remodeling

In cardiology, ventricular remodeling (or cardiac remodeling) refers to changes in the size, shape, structure, and function of the heart.

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Verapamil

Verapamil, sold under various trade names, is a medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure, angina (chest pain from not enough blood flow to the heart), and supraventricular tachycardia.

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VO2 max

VO2 max (also maximal oxygen consumption, maximal oxygen uptake, peak oxygen uptake or maximal aerobic capacity) is the maximum rate of oxygen consumption measured during incremental exercise (exercise of increasing intensity).

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Wild-type transthyretin amyloid

Wild-type transthyretin amyloid (WTTA), also known as senile systemic amyloidosis (SSA) and abbreviated as ATTR, is a disease that typically affects the heart and tendons of elderly people.

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Redirects here:

Diastolic Dysfunction, Diastolic dysfunction, Diastolic heart failure, E-E ratio, E-e' ratio, E/E ratio, E/E', HEF-PEF, HEF-pEF, HEF/PEF, HEF/pEF, HEFPF, HF-PEF, HF/PEF, HF/pEF, HFPEF, HFpEF, Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction, Lusiotropy.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure_with_preserved_ejection_fraction

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