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32 relations: Akershus Fortress, Belgium, Bergen, Caldey Island, Calgary Herald, Catholic Church, Cistercians, Corsica, Diocese of Oslo, France, Google News, Johannes Theodor Suhr, London, Norway, Norwegian heavy water sabotage, Norwegians, Operation Weserübung, Order of Saint Benedict, Order of St. Olav, Oslo, Paris, Pembrokeshire, Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity, Pope John XXIII, Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo, Scourmont Abbey, Second Vatican Council, St. Peter's Basilica, Trappists, Wales, World War II.
Akershus Fortress
Akershus Fortress (Akershus Festning) or Akershus Castle (Akershus slott) is a medieval castle that was built to protect and provide a royal residence for Oslo, the capital of Norway.
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Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.
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Bergen
Bergen, historically Bjørgvin, is a city and municipality in Hordaland on the west coast of Norway.
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Caldey Island
Caldey (Welsh:Ynys Bŷr) is a small island off the southwest coast of mainland Wales, near Tenby in Pembrokeshire. With a recorded history going back over 1,500 years, it is known as one of the holy islands of Britain. A number of traditions inherited from Celtic times are observed by the Cistercian monks, who are the chief inhabitants and owners of the island today. At its closest point, Caldey lies south of the mainland, though the usual access to the island is by small boat from the town of Tenby, some to the north. The island's population consists of 40 permanent residents and a varying number of Cistercian monks, known as Trappists. The monks' predecessors migrated there from Belgium in the early 20th century, taking over from Anglican Benedictines who had bought the island in 1906 and built the extant monastery and abbey but later got into financial difficulties. Today, the monks of Caldey Abbey farm the island, chiefly raising dairy cattle, and make a range of items including cheese, shortbread, perfumes, chocolate and toiletries. In the spring and summer, visitors are ferried to Caldey, not only to visit the sacred sanctuary but also to view the island's rich wildlife.
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Calgary Herald
The Calgary Herald is a daily newspaper published in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Cistercians
A Cistercian is a member of the Cistercian Order (abbreviated as OCist, SOCist ((Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis), or ‘’’OCSO’’’ (Ordo Cisterciensis Strictioris Observantiae), which are religious orders of monks and nuns. They are also known as “Trappists”; as Bernardines, after the highly influential St. Bernard of Clairvaux (though that term is also used of the Franciscan Order in Poland and Lithuania); or as White Monks, in reference to the colour of the "cuccula" or white choir robe worn by the Cistercians over their habits, as opposed to the black cuccula worn by Benedictine monks. The original emphasis of Cistercian life was on manual labour and self-sufficiency, and many abbeys have traditionally supported themselves through activities such as agriculture and brewing ales. Over the centuries, however, education and academic pursuits came to dominate the life of many monasteries. A reform movement seeking to restore the simpler lifestyle of the original Cistercians began in 17th-century France at La Trappe Abbey, leading eventually to the Holy See’s reorganization in 1892 of reformed houses into a single order Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (OCSO), commonly called the Trappists. Cistercians who did not observe these reforms became known as the Cistercians of the Original Observance. The term Cistercian (French Cistercien), derives from Cistercium, the Latin name for the village of Cîteaux, near Dijon in eastern France. It was in this village that a group of Benedictine monks from the monastery of Molesme founded Cîteaux Abbey in 1098, with the goal of following more closely the Rule of Saint Benedict. The best known of them were Robert of Molesme, Alberic of Cîteaux and the English monk Stephen Harding, who were the first three abbots. Bernard of Clairvaux entered the monastery in the early 1110s with 30 companions and helped the rapid proliferation of the order. By the end of the 12th century, the order had spread throughout France and into England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Eastern Europe. The keynote of Cistercian life was a return to literal observance of the Rule of St Benedict. Rejecting the developments the Benedictines had undergone, the monks tried to replicate monastic life exactly as it had been in Saint Benedict's time; indeed in various points they went beyond it in austerity. The most striking feature in the reform was the return to manual labour, especially agricultural work in the fields, a special characteristic of Cistercian life. Cistercian architecture is considered one of the most beautiful styles of medieval architecture. Additionally, in relation to fields such as agriculture, hydraulic engineering and metallurgy, the Cistercians became the main force of technological diffusion in medieval Europe. The Cistercians were adversely affected in England by the Protestant Reformation, the Dissolution of the Monasteries under King Henry VIII, the French Revolution in continental Europe, and the revolutions of the 18th century, but some survived and the order recovered in the 19th century.
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Corsica
Corsica (Corse; Corsica in Corsican and Italian, pronounced and respectively) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France.
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Diocese of Oslo
Oslo bishopric is the Church of Norway's bishopric for the municipalities of Oslo, Asker and Bærum.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Google News
Google News is a news aggregator and app developed by Google.
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Johannes Theodor Suhr
Johannes Theodor Suhr, OSB (24 January 1896 in Nyborg – 10 March 1997) was a Danish Roman Catholic bishop and the second Danish Roman Catholic bishop since the Reformation.
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London
London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.
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Norway
Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.
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Norwegian heavy water sabotage
The Norwegian heavy water sabotage (Tungtvannsaksjonen, Tungtvassaksjonen) was a series of operations undertaken by Norwegian saboteurs during World War II to prevent the German nuclear weapon project from acquiring heavy water (deuterium oxide), which could have been used by the Germans to produce nuclear weapons.
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Norwegians
Norwegians (nordmenn) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Norway.
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Operation Weserübung
Operation Weserübung was the code name for Germany's assault on Denmark and Norway during the Second World War and the opening operation of the Norwegian Campaign.
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Order of Saint Benedict
The Order of Saint Benedict (OSB; Latin: Ordo Sancti Benedicti), also known as the Black Monksin reference to the colour of its members' habitsis a Catholic religious order of independent monastic communities that observe the Rule of Saint Benedict.
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Order of St. Olav
The Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav (Den Kongelige Norske Sankt Olavs Orden; or Sanct Olafs Orden, the old Norwegian name) is a Norwegian order of chivalry instituted by King Oscar I on August 21, 1847.
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Oslo
Oslo (rarely) is the capital and most populous city of Norway.
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Paris
Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.
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Pembrokeshire
Pembrokeshire (or; Sir Benfro) is a county in the southwest of Wales.
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Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue
The Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue (PCID) is a dicastery of the Roman Curia, erected by Pope Paul VI on 19 May 1964 as the Secretariat for Non-Christians, and renamed by Pope John Paul II on 28 June 1988.
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Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
The Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity (PCPCU) is a pontifical council whose origins are associated with the Second Vatican Council which met intermittently from 1962 to 1965.
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Pope John XXIII
Pope John XXIII (Ioannes; Giovanni; born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,; 25 November 18813 June 1963) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014.
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Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo (Osloënsis) is an exempt diocese located in the city of Oslo in Norway.
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Scourmont Abbey
Scourmont Abbey (Abbaye Notre-Dame de Scourmont) is a Trappist monastery on the Scourmont plateau, in the village of Forges which is part of Chimay in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.
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Second Vatican Council
The Second Vatican Council, fully the Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican and informally known as addressed relations between the Catholic Church and the modern world.
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St. Peter's Basilica
The Papal Basilica of St.
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Trappists
The Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (OCSO: Ordo Cisterciensis Strictioris Observantiae) is a Catholic religious order of cloistered contemplative monastics who follow the Rule of St. Benedict.
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Wales
Wales (Cymru) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Willem_Gran
