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218 relations: Adam Johann von Krusenstern, Ainu people, Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Alexai Point Army Airfield, Aliger, Alpine tundra, Amchitka, Andrei Gromyko, Anna Shchetinina, Antsiferov Island, Anuchina, Archipelago, Arctic fox, Atlasov Island, Attack on Pearl Harbor, Auk, Baransky, Belarusians, Boeing B-29 Superfortress, Bog, Broutona, Brown bear, Buk missile system, Burevestnik Airport, California, Cape Nosappu, Chirinkotan, Chishima Province, Chyornye Bratya, Coastal defence and fortification, Cold War, Commander Islands, Consolidated B-24 Liberator, Cormorant, Crater lake, Danila Antsiferov, Deer, Denudation, Earless seal, Earthquake, Ecoregion, Edo period, Ekarma, Eleventh Air Force, Encyclopædia Britannica, Endemism, Evacuation of Karafuto and Kuriles, Exonym and endonym, False etymology, ..., Fish, Fishing, Flatfish, Fox, Fumarole, Fyodor Luzhin, Goryachiye Klyuchi, Greater Kuril Ridge, Guano, Guillemot, Gull, Habomai Islands, Haiku, Hauling-out, Hokkaido, Hot spring, Igor Farkhutdinov, Imperial Japanese Navy, Indigenous peoples, Invasion of South Sakhalin, Invasion of the Kuril Islands, Invertebrate, Islam, Isoroku Yamamoto, Iturup, Ivan Yevreinov, Japan, Japanese intervention in Siberia, Japanese language, Japanese sea lion, Kamchatka Peninsula, Kamov Ka-50, Kanji, Karafuto Fortress, Karafuto Prefecture, Kasatka, Kasatka Bay, Katakana, Kelp, Ketoy, Kharimkotan, Kittiwake, Kunashir Island, Kuril Islands, Kuril Islands dispute, Kuril–Kamchatka Trench, Kurilian Bobtail, Kurilsk, Kurilsky District, Kuzma Derevyanko, Larch, Lesser Kuril Ridge, Lockheed P-38 Lightning, Makanrushi, Malokurilskoye, Marten, Martin Spangberg, Matsumae clan, Matua (island), Meiji period, Mendeleyevo, Mollusca, Moment magnitude scale, Mount Fuji, Nanbu clan, Nemuro Subprefecture, New Bedford, Massachusetts, Nikolai Podgorny, Nivkh people, North American B-25 Mitchell, North Pacific right whale, Northern District Army (Japan), Northern fulmar, Okhotsk Plate, Onekotan, Ore, Organization of Kita and Minami Fortresses, Oroch people, Oyashio Current, Pacific cod, Pacific Ocean, Pacific Plate, Paramushir, Peregrine falcon, Petrel, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Pinniped, Polino, Political divisions of Karafuto Prefecture, Pollock, Polymetal, Pyotr Ivanovich Ricord, Pyrite, Raikoke, Raion, Rasshua, Raven, Red fox, Ring of Fire, Rodent, Russia, Russian Orthodox Church, Russians, Russo-Japanese War, Sakhalin, Sakhalin Oblast, Sapporo, Sardine, Schooner, Sea of Okhotsk, Sea otter, Sea urchin, Seabird, Severo-Kurilsk, Severo-Kurilsky District, Shemya, Shiashkotan, Shikotan, Shiretoko Peninsula, Shumshu, Simushir, Soviet Union, Spruce, Squid, Steller sea lion, Stratovolcano, Subprefectures of Hokkaido, Sulfur, Taishō period, Takadaya Kahei, Tatars, Tectonics, Tokugawa shogunate, Tor missile system, Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875), Tsunami, Tufted puffin, Tundra, Ukrainians, United States, United States Army Air Forces, University of Southern California, Uria, Urup, Ushishir, Vasily Golovnin, Vladimir Atlasov, Vladivostok, Volcano, Voloshin, Wagtail, Whaler, Woodblock printing, World War II, World Wide Fund for Nature, Wren, Yuri (island), Yuzhno-Kurilsk, Yuzhno-Kurilsk Mendeleyevo Airport, Yuzhno-Kurilsky District, Zemlyak, Zvyozdnaya, 1963 Kuril Islands earthquake, 2006 Kuril Islands earthquake, 2007 Kuril Islands earthquake, 54th Fighter Squadron, 77th Weapons Squadron, 904th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron. Expand index (168 more) »
Adam Johann von Krusenstern
Baron Ivan Fyodorovich Kruzenshtern (Ива́н Фёдорович Крузенште́рн; 10 October 177012 August 1846), born as Adam Johann Ritter von Krusenstern, was a Russian admiral and explorer of Baltic German descent, who led the first Russian circumnavigation of the globe.
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Ainu people
The Ainu or the Aynu (Ainu アィヌ ''Aynu''; Japanese: アイヌ Ainu; Russian: Айны Ajny), in the historical Japanese texts the Ezo (蝦夷), are an indigenous people of Japan (Hokkaido, and formerly northeastern Honshu) and Russia (Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands, and formerly the Kamchatka Peninsula).
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Alaska
Alaska (Alax̂sxax̂) is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.
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Aleutian Islands
The Aleutian Islands (Tanam Unangaa, literally "Land of the Aleuts", possibly from Chukchi aliat, "island") are a chain of 14 large volcanic islands and 55 smaller ones belonging to both the U.S. state of Alaska and the Russian federal subject of Kamchatka Krai.
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Alexai Point Army Airfield
Alexai Point Army Airfield is an abandoned World War II airfield with two runways laid across Alexai Point on Attu Island, Alaska.
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Aliger
Aliger is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Strombidae, the true conchs.
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Alpine tundra
Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high altitude.
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Amchitka
Amchitka (Amchixtax̂) is a volcanic, tectonically unstable island in the Rat Islands group of the Aleutian Islands in southwest Alaska.
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Andrei Gromyko
Andrei Andreyevich Gromyko (Андре́й Андре́евич Громы́ко; Андрэ́й Андрэ́евіч Грамы́ка; – 2 July 1989) was a Soviet communist politician during the Cold War.
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Anna Shchetinina
Anna Ivanovna Shchetinina (Анна Ивановна Щетинина; February 26, 1908 – September 25, 1999) was a Soviet merchant marine sailor who became the world's first woman to serve as a captain of an ocean-going vessel.
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Antsiferov Island
Antsiferov Island (Остров Анциферова; also known as Shirinki Ширинки Japanese 志林規島; Shirinki-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island located in the northern Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Anuchina
Anuchina (Анучина., Akiyuri-to, translit) is an uninhabited island in the Habomai Islands sub-group of the Kuril Islands chain in the south of the Sea of Okhotsk, northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Archipelago
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands, or sometimes a sea containing a small number of scattered islands.
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Arctic fox
The Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), also known as the white fox, polar fox, or snow fox, is a small fox native to the Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere and common throughout the Arctic tundra biome.
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Atlasov Island
Atlasov Island, known in Russian as Ostrov Atlasova (Остров Атласова), or in Japanese as Araido (阿頼度島), is the northernmost island and volcano and also the highest volcano of the Kuril islands, part of the Sakhalin Oblast in Russia.
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Attack on Pearl Harbor
The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory, on the morning of December 7, 1941.
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Auk
An auk or alcid is a bird of the family Alcidae in the order Charadriiformes.
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Baransky
Baransky (Вулкан Баранского, Vulkan Baranskogo; 指臼岳, Sashiusu-dake) is a stratovolcano located in the central part of Iturup Island, Kuril Islands, Russia.
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Belarusians
Belarusians (беларусы, biełarusy, or Byelorussians (from the Byelorussian SSR), are an East Slavic ethnic group who are native to modern-day Belarus and the immediate region. There are over 9.5 million people who proclaim Belarusian ethnicity worldwide, with the overwhelming majority residing either in Belarus or the adjacent countries where they are an autochthonous minority.
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Boeing B-29 Superfortress
The Boeing B-29 Superfortress is a four-engine propeller-driven heavy bomber designed by Boeing, which was flown primarily by the United States during World War II and the Korean War.
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Bog
A bog is a wetland that accumulates peat, a deposit of dead plant material—often mosses, and in a majority of cases, sphagnum moss.
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Broutona
Broutona (о.Броутона; Japanese 武魯頓島; Buroton-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island located near the northern end of the southern Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Brown bear
The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is a bear that is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America.
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Buk missile system
The Buk missile system ("Бук"; “beech” (tree)) is a family of self-propelled, medium-range surface-to-air missile systems developed by the Soviet Union and its successor state, the Russian Federation, and designed to counter cruise missiles, smart bombs, fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft, and unmanned aerial vehicles.
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Burevestnik Airport
Burevestnik (also Iturup; 天寧飛行場, Tennei-hikōjyō) is a military air base on Iturup Island, Russia, establishing the nation's presence on the disputed South Kuril Islands with the largest airfield in the region.
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California
California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.
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Cape Nosappu
is a point on the Nemuro Peninsula, Nemuro, Japan which is the easternmost point in Hokkaidō.
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Chirinkotan
Chirinkotan (Чиринкотан; Japanese 知林古丹島; Chirinkotan-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island located in the centre of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Chishima Province
was a province of Japan created during the Meiji Era.
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Chyornye Bratya
Chyornye Bratya (Чёрные Братья, lit. Black Brothers; Chiripoi-to) is collectively the name for a pair of uninhabited volcanic islands located between Simushir and Urup in the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Coastal defence and fortification
Castillo San Felipe de Barajas in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, an example of an Early Modern coastal defense Coastal defence (or defense) and coastal fortification are measures taken to provide protection against military attack at or near a coastline (or other shoreline), for example, fortification and coastal artillery.
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Cold War
The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).
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Commander Islands
The Commander Islands or Komandorski Islands or Komandorskie Islands (Командо́рские острова́, Komandorskiye ostrova) are a group of treeless, sparsely populated islands in the Bering Sea located about east of the Kamchatka Peninsula in the Russian Far East.
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Consolidated B-24 Liberator
The Consolidated B-24 Liberator is an American heavy bomber, designed by Consolidated Aircraft of San Diego, California.
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Cormorant
Phalacrocoracidae is a family of approximately 40 species of aquatic birds commonly known as cormorants and shags.
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Crater lake
A crater lake is a lake that forms in a volcanic crater or caldera, such as a maar; less commonly and with lower association to the term a lake may form in an impact crater caused by a meteorite, or in the crater left by an artificial explosion caused by humans.
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Danila Antsiferov
Danila Yakovlevich Antsiferov (died 1712) was a Russian explorer.
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Deer
Deer (singular and plural) are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae.
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Denudation
In geology, denudation involves the processes that cause the wearing away of the Earth's surface by moving water, by ice, by wind and by waves, leading to a reduction in elevation and in relief of landforms and of landscapes.
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Earless seal
The earless seals, phocids or true seals are one of the three main groups of mammals within the seal lineage, Pinnipedia.
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Earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.
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Ecoregion
An ecoregion (ecological region) is an ecologically and geographically defined area that is smaller than a bioregion, which in turn is smaller than an ecozone.
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Edo period
The or is the period between 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when Japanese society was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional daimyō.
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Ekarma
Ekarma (Экарма; Japanese 越渇磨島; Ekaruma-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island near the center of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean, separated from Shiashkotan by the Ekarma Strait.
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Eleventh Air Force
The Eleventh Air Force (11 AF) is a Numbered Air Force of the United States Air Force Pacific Air Forces (PACAF).
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Encyclopædia Britannica
The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
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Endemism
Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
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Evacuation of Karafuto and Kuriles
The evacuation of Karafuto (Sakhalin) and the Kuriles refers to the events that took place during the Pacific theater of World War II as the Japanese population left these areas, to August 1945 in the northwest of the main islands of Japan.
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Exonym and endonym
An exonym or xenonym is an external name for a geographical place, or a group of people, an individual person, or a language or dialect.
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False etymology
A false etymology (popular etymology, etymythology, pseudo-etymology, or par(a)etymology), sometimes called folk etymology – although the last term is also a technical term in linguistics - is a popularly held but false belief about the origin or derivation of a specific word.
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Fish
Fish are gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits.
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Fishing
Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.
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Flatfish
A flatfish is a member of the order Pleuronectiformes of ray-finned demersal fishes, also called the Heterosomata, sometimes classified as a suborder of Perciformes.
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Fox
Foxes are small-to-medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae.
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Fumarole
A fumarole (or fumerole – the word ultimately comes from the Latin fumus, "smoke") is an opening in a planet's crust, often in areas surrounding volcanoes, which emits steam and gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen sulfide.
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Fyodor Luzhin
Fyodor Fyodorovich Luzhin (Russian: Федор Федорович Лужин) (died 1727) was a Russian geodesist and cartographer.
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Goryachiye Klyuchi
Goryachiye Klyuchi (Горячие Ключи) is the name of several rural localities in Sakhalin Oblast, Russia.
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Greater Kuril Ridge
Greater Kuril Ridge (Большая Курильская гряда) - A part of the Kuril Islands, the Greater Kuril Ridge is a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean.
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Guano
Guano (from Quechua wanu via Spanish) is the accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats.
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Guillemot
Guillemots is the common name for several species of seabird in the auk family (part of the order Charadriiformes).
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Gull
Gulls or seagulls are seabirds of the family Laridae in the suborder Lari.
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Habomai Islands
The Habomai Islands (Russian: Хабомаи (Habomai), Japanese: 歯舞群島 (Habomai guntō) or 歯舞諸島 (Habomai shotō) are a group of islets in the southernmost Kuril Islands. They are currently under Russian administration, but together with Iturup (Etorofu), Kunashir (Kunashiri), and Shikotan are claimed by Japan.
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Haiku
(plural haiku) is a very short Japan poem with seventeen syllables and three verses.
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Hauling-out
Hauling-out is a behaviour associated with pinnipeds (true seals, sea lions, fur seals and walruses) temporarily leaving the water.
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Hokkaido
(), formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is the second largest island of Japan, and the largest and northernmost prefecture.
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Hot spring
A hot spring is a spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater that rises from the Earth's crust.
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Igor Farkhutdinov
Igor Pavlovich Farkhutdinov (Игорь Павлович Фархутдинов) (April 16, 1950 — August 20, 2003) was governor of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia during 1995-2003.
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Imperial Japanese Navy
The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN; Kyūjitai: 大日本帝國海軍 Shinjitai: 大日本帝国海軍 or 日本海軍 Nippon Kaigun, "Navy of the Greater Japanese Empire") was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1868 until 1945, when it was dissolved following Japan's defeat and surrender in World War II.
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Indigenous peoples
Indigenous peoples, also known as first peoples, aboriginal peoples or native peoples, are ethnic groups who are the pre-colonial original inhabitants of a given region, in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied or colonized the area more recently.
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Invasion of South Sakhalin
The Invasion of South Sakhalin, also called the Battle of Sakhalin (Russian: Южно-Сахалинская операция, Japanese: 樺太の戦い), was the Soviet invasion of the Japanese territorial portion of Sakhalin island known as Karafuto Prefecture.
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Invasion of the Kuril Islands
The Invasion of the Kuril Islands (Курильская десантная операция "Kuril Islands Landing Operation") was the World War II Soviet military operation to capture the Kuril Islands from Japan in 1945.
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Invertebrate
Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a backbone or spine), derived from the notochord.
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Islam
IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).
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Isoroku Yamamoto
was a Japanese Marshal Admiral of the Navy and the commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet during World War II until his death.
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Iturup
Iturup (accessdate; Ainu: エﾂﾟヲロプシㇼ, Etuworop-sir; 択捉島, Etorofu-tō, historically also called Yetorup), is one of the Kuril Islands.
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Ivan Yevreinov
Ivan Mikhaylovich Yevreinov (Ива́н Миха́йлович Евре́инов) (1694–February 3 O.S. 1724) was a Russian geodesist and explorer.
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Japan
Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.
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Japanese intervention in Siberia
The of 1918–1922 was the dispatch of Japanese military forces to the Russian Maritime Provinces as part of a larger effort by western powers and Japan to support White Russian forces against the Bolshevik Red Army during the Russian Civil War.
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Japanese language
is an East Asian language spoken by about 128 million people, primarily in Japan, where it is the national language.
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Japanese sea lion
The was an aquatic mammal thought to have become extinct in the 1970s.
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Kamchatka Peninsula
The Kamchatka Peninsula (полуо́стров Камча́тка, Poluostrov Kamchatka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (780 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi).
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Kamov Ka-50
The Kamov Ka-50 "Black Shark" (translit, NATO reporting name: Hokum A) is a single-seat Russian attack helicopter with the distinctive coaxial rotor system of the Kamov design bureau.
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Kanji
Kanji (漢字) are the adopted logographic Chinese characters that are used in the Japanese writing system.
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Karafuto Fortress
The Karafuto Fortress was the defensive unit formed by the Karafuto fortification installations, and the Karafuto detachment of Japanese forces, the 88th Division.
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Karafuto Prefecture
, commonly called South Sakhalin, was the Japanese administrative division corresponding to Japanese territory on southern Sakhalin island from 1905 to 1945.
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Kasatka
Kasatka (1976 – August 15, 2017) was a wild caught female orca who lived at SeaWorld San Diego.
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Kasatka Bay
Kasatka Bay (Zaliv Kasatka), formerly known by its Japanese name, is a natural harbor at the central part of Iturup, Kuril Islands.
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Katakana
is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system along with hiragana, kanji, and in some cases the Latin script (known as rōmaji).
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Kelp
Kelps are large brown algae seaweeds that make up the order Laminariales.
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Ketoy
Ketoy (or Ketoi) (Кетой; Japanese 計吐夷島; Ketoi-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island located in the centre of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Kharimkotan
Kharimkotan (Харимкотан); Japanese 春牟古丹島; Harimukotan-tō, alternatively Harumukotan-tō or 加林古丹島; Karinkotan-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island located from Onekotan near the northern end of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Its name is derived from the Ainu language, from “village of many Cardiocrinum”.
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Kittiwake
The kittiwakes (genus Rissa) are two closely related seabird species in the gull family Laridae, the black-legged kittiwake (R. tridactyla) and the red-legged kittiwake (R. brevirostris).
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Kunashir Island
Kunashir Island (Кунаши́р; 国後島, Kunashiri-tō; クナシㇼ or クナシㇽ, Kunasir), possibly meaning Black Island or Grass Island in Ainu, is the southernmost island of the Kuril Islands, an archipelago currently under Russian control, among which four (including Kunashiri Island) are claimed by Japan (see Kuril Islands dispute).
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Kuril Islands
The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands (or; p or r; Japanese: or), in Russia's Sakhalin Oblast region, form a volcanic archipelago that stretches approximately northeast from Hokkaido, Japan, to Kamchatka, Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean.
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Kuril Islands dispute
The Kuril Islands dispute, also known as the Northern Territories dispute, is a disagreement between Japan and Russia and also some individuals of the Ainu people over sovereignty of the South Kuril Islands.
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Kuril–Kamchatka Trench
The Kuril–Kamchatka Trench or Kuril Trench (Курило-Камчатский жёлоб, Kurilo-Kamchatskii Zhyolob) is an oceanic trench in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Kurilian Bobtail
The Kurilian Bobtail is a cat breed (or breed group, depending on registry) originating from the Kuril Islands, as well as Sakhalin Island and the Kamchatka peninsula of Russia.
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Kurilsk
Kurilsk (Кури́льск); 紗那村, Shanamura) is a town and the administrative center of Kurilsky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, located on the island of Iturup. Population.
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Kurilsky District
Kurilsky District (Kuríl'skiy rayón) is an administrative district (raion) of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia; one of the seventeen in the oblast.
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Kuzma Derevyanko
Kuzma Nikolayevich Derevyanko (Кузьма́ Никола́евич Деревя́нко; Кузьма Миколайович Дерев'янко, Kuzma Mykolaiovych Derevyanko; 1904-Dec. 30, 1954) was a Lieutenant General in the Soviet Army.
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Larch
Larches are conifers in the genus Larix, of the family Pinaceae (subfamily Laricoideae).
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Lesser Kuril Ridge
Lesser Kuril Ridge (Малая Курильская гряда) - a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean, that's part of the Kuril Islands.
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Lockheed P-38 Lightning
The Lockheed P-38 Lightning is a World War II-era American piston-engined fighter aircraft.
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Makanrushi
Makanrushi (Маканруши; Japanese 磨勘留島; Makanru-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island located near the northern end of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Malokurilskoye
Malokurilskoye (Малокури́льское) is a village (selo) in Yuzhno-Kurilsky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia.
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Marten
The martens constitute the genus Martes within the subfamily Mustelinae, in the family Mustelidae.
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Martin Spangberg
Martin Spangberg or Martyn Petrovich Shpanberg (Мартын Петрович Шпанберг) was a Danish naval lieutenant in Russian service who took part with his compatriot Vitus Bering in both Kamchatka expeditions as second in command.
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Matsumae clan
The was a Japanese clan which was granted the area around Matsumae, Hokkaidō as a march fief in 1590 by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and charged with defending it, and by extension the whole of Japan, from the Ainu 'barbarians' to the north.
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Matua (island)
Matua (Матуа, Matsuwa 松輪島; Matsuwa-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island near the center of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean, across Golovnin Strait from Raikoke.
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Meiji period
The, also known as the Meiji era, is a Japanese era which extended from October 23, 1868, to July 30, 1912.
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Mendeleyevo
Mendeleyevo (Менделе́ево) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
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Mollusca
Mollusca is a large phylum of invertebrate animals whose members are known as molluscs or mollusksThe formerly dominant spelling mollusk is still used in the U.S. — see the reasons given in Gary Rosenberg's.
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Moment magnitude scale
The moment magnitude scale (MMS; denoted as Mw or M) is one of many seismic magnitude scales used to measure the size of earthquakes.
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Mount Fuji
, located on Honshū, is the highest mountain in Japan at 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft), 2nd-highest peak of an island (volcanic) in Asia, and 7th-highest peak of an island in the world.
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Nanbu clan
The was a Japanese samurai clan who ruled most of northeastern Honshū in the Tōhoku region of Japan for over 700 years, from the Kamakura period through the Meiji Restoration of 1868.
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Nemuro Subprefecture
is a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan.
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New Bedford, Massachusetts
New Bedford is a city in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States.
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Nikolai Podgorny
Nikolai Viktorovich Podgorny (p, Микола Вікторович Підгорний; – 12 January 1983) was a Soviet Ukrainian statesman during the Cold War.
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Nivkh people
The Nivkh (also Nivkhs, Nivkhi, or Gilyak; ethnonym: Nivxi; language, нивхгу - Nivxgu) are an indigenous ethnic group inhabiting the northern half of Sakhalin Island and the region of the Amur River estuary in Russia's Khabarovsk Krai.
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North American B-25 Mitchell
The North American B-25 Mitchell is an American twin-engine, medium bomber manufactured by North American Aviation (NAA).
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North Pacific right whale
The North Pacific right whale (Eubalaena japonica) is a very large, thickset baleen whale species that is extremely rare and endangered.
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Northern District Army (Japan)
The was an army of the Imperial Japanese Army, responsible for defense of the northern region of the Japanese home islands, including Hokkaidō, Karafuto and the Chishima Islands.
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Northern fulmar
The northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis), fulmar, or Arctic fulmar is a highly abundant sea bird found primarily in subarctic regions of the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans.
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Okhotsk Plate
The Okhotsk Plate is a minor tectonic plate covering the Sea of Okhotsk, the Kamchatka Peninsula, Sakhalin Island and Tōhoku and Hokkaidō in Japan.
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Onekotan
Onekotan (Онекотан; Japanese 温禰古丹島; Onekotan-tō, occasionally Onnekotan-tō, オネコタン or オネコタㇴ) is an uninhabited volcanic island located near the northern end of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Ore
An ore is an occurrence of rock or sediment that contains sufficient minerals with economically important elements, typically metals, that can be economically extracted from the deposit.
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Organization of Kita and Minami Fortresses
The Kita and Minami Fortresses (Japanese kita, "north" and minami, "south") were defensive structures of the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy in the Kuril Archipelago.
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Oroch people
Orochs (Russian О́рочи), Orochons, or Orochis (self-designation: Nani) are a people of Russia that speak the Oroch (''Orochon'') language of the Southern group of Tungusic languages.
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Oyashio Current
, also known as Oya Siwo, Okhotsk or the Kurile current, is a cold subarctic ocean current that flows south and circulates counterclockwise in the western North Pacific Ocean.
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Pacific cod
The Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Gadidae.
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Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.
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Pacific Plate
The Pacific Plate is an oceanic tectonic plate that lies beneath the Pacific Ocean.
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Paramushir
Paramushir (translit, translit, translit, is a volcanic island in the northern portion of Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean. It is separated from Shumshu by the very narrow Second Kuril Strait in the northeast, from Antsiferov by the Luzhin Strait (15 km) to the southwest, from Atlasov in the northwest by, and from Onnekotan in the south by the 40 km wide Fourth Kuril Strait. Its northern tip is from Cape Lopatka at the southern tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula. Its name is derived from the Ainu language, from “broad island” or “populous island”. Severo-Kurilsk, the administrative center of the Severo-Kurilsky district, is the only permanently populated settlement on Paramushir island.
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Peregrine falcon
The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), also known as the peregrine, and historically as the duck hawk in North America, is a widespread bird of prey (raptor) in the family Falconidae.
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Petrel
Petrels are tube-nosed seabirds in the bird order Procellariiformes.
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Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (Петропа́вловск-Камча́тский) is a city and the administrative, industrial, scientific, and cultural center of Kamchatka Krai, Russia.
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Pinniped
Pinnipeds, commonly known as seals, are a widely distributed and diverse clade of carnivorous, fin-footed, semiaquatic marine mammals.
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Polino
Polino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Terni in the Italian region Umbria, located about 70 km southeast of Perugia and about 15 km east of Terni.
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Political divisions of Karafuto Prefecture
Between 1905 and 1945, the Japanese Empire administered the southern half of Sakhalin, using the name.
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Pollock
Pollock (pronounced) is the common name used for either of the two species of North Atlantic marine fish in the genus Pollachius.
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Polymetal
In chemistry or mining, polymetal or polymetallic is a substance composed of a combination of different metals.
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Pyotr Ivanovich Ricord
Pyotr Ivanovich Ricord, also Petr Rikord (Пётр Иванович Рикорд), 9 February 1776, Toropets, Pskov Governorate – 28 February 1855, St. Petersburg) was a Russian admiral, traveller, scientist, diplomat, writer, shipbuilder, statesman, and public figure. Pyotr Ricord was born in 1776 in the family of the prime major of Carabinier Ingermanland Regiment; he graduated from the Sea Cadet Corps; he began military service in the Baltic Fleet and got his first war decoration for the distinction in the landing operation on the coast of the Netherlands in 1799, it was the 4th class of the Order of St. Anne. In 1803–1805 among the twelve best naval officers, he was sent as a volunteer to the British Fleet to improve Russian maritime practices. At that time he made sea trips to almost all British maritime dominions and took part in the war with France and Spain. In 1807–1809 Ricord took part as a senior officer in Vasily Golovnin's world cruise on the ship Diana. He was awarded with the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th class "for the excellent performance of his office on the sloop "Diana" and for his help and assistance rendered to the captain of the sloop" and in particular "for the preservation of people's health." In 1810–1811 he participated in the hydrographic exploration of the North Pacific, and he was awarded with the Order of St. George 4th class for 18 six-month maritime campaigns. The captivity of Vasily Golovnin in 1811–1813 almost led to war between Russia and Japan in what became known as the Golovnin Incident. After the capture Ricord organized and led three expeditions to the release of Russian sailors from Japanese captivity, during which he showed his extraordinary diplomatic skills. From 1817 to 1822 he was the head of Kamchatka and he was awarded with the 2nd class of the Order of St. Anne with diamond ornaments for the "humane care for the welfare of the residents." His plan of reforms on the Kamchatka Peninsula was accepted as a basis for long-term program of development of this region. An imperial decree ordered his successors as heads of the region to "stick to the rules worked out by fleet captain Ricord and to refrain from any changes." He was the head of the Russian Navy squadrons blockading the Dardanelles during the Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829), participated in the Civil conflict in Greece (1831–1833), and defended Kronstadt (1854) during the Crimean War (1853–1856) Ricord was one of the organizers and one of 17 founding members of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society (1845) in Saint Petersburg, Russia. In 1850, he was appointed chairman of the Naval Scientific Committee. A Rikord Island in Peter the Great Gulf was named after him.
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Pyrite
The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, also known as fool's gold, is an iron sulfide with the chemical formula FeS2 (iron(II) disulfide).
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Raikoke
Raikoke (Райкоке, 雷公計島), also spelled Raykoke, is an uninhabited volcanic island near the centre of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean, across Golovnin Strait from Matua.
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Raion
A raion (also rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states (such as part of an oblast).
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Rasshua
Rasshua (Расшуа, 羅処和島), is an uninhabited volcanic island near the center of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean, from Ushishir and southwest of Matua.
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Raven
A raven is one of several larger-bodied species of the genus Corvus.
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Red fox
The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the largest of the true foxes and one of the most widely distributed members of the order Carnivora, being present across the entire Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic Circle to North Africa, North America and Eurasia.
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Ring of Fire
The Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.
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Rodent
Rodents (from Latin rodere, "to gnaw") are mammals of the order Rodentia, which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Russian Orthodox Church
The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; Rússkaya pravoslávnaya tsérkov), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate (Moskóvskiy patriarkhát), is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches, in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox patriarchates.
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Russians
Russians (русские, russkiye) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. The majority of Russians inhabit the nation state of Russia, while notable minorities exist in other former Soviet states such as Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine and the Baltic states. A large Russian diaspora also exists all over the world, with notable numbers in the United States, Germany, Israel, and Canada. Russians are the most numerous ethnic group in Europe. The Russians share many cultural traits with their fellow East Slavic counterparts, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians. They are predominantly Orthodox Christians by religion. The Russian language is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, and also spoken as a secondary language in many former Soviet states.
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Russo-Japanese War
The Russo–Japanese War (Russko-yaponskaya voina; Nichirosensō; 1904–05) was fought between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and Korea.
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Sakhalin
Sakhalin (Сахалин), previously also known as Kuye Dao (Traditional Chinese:庫頁島, Simplified Chinese:库页岛) in Chinese and in Japanese, is a large Russian island in the North Pacific Ocean, lying between 45°50' and 54°24' N.
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Sakhalin Oblast
Sakhalin Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) comprising the island of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands in the Russian Far East.
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Sapporo
is the fifth largest city of Japan by population, and the largest city on the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido.
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Sardine
"Sardine" and "pilchard" are common names used to refer to various small, oily fish in the herring family Clupeidae.
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Schooner
A schooner is a type of sailing vessel with fore-and-aft sails on two or more masts.
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Sea of Okhotsk
The Sea of Okhotsk (Ohōtsuku-kai) is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, between the Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, the island of Hokkaido to the south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a long stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north.
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Sea otter
The sea otter (Enhydra lutris) is a marine mammal native to the coasts of the northern and eastern North Pacific Ocean.
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Sea urchin
Sea urchins or urchins are typically spiny, globular animals, echinoderms in the class Echinoidea.
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Seabird
Seabirds (also known as marine birds) are birds that are adapted to life within the marine environment.
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Severo-Kurilsk
Severo-Kurilsk (Се́веро-Кури́льск; 柏原, Kashiwabara) is a town and the administrative center of Severo-Kurilsky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, located in the northern part of the Kuril Islands, on the island of Paramushir.
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Severo-Kurilsky District
Severo-Kurilsky District (Се́веро-Кури́льский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia; one of the seventeen in the oblast.
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Shemya
Shemya or Simiya (Samiyax̂) is a small island in the Near Islands group of the Semichi Islands chain in the Aleutian Islands archipelago southwest of Alaska, at.
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Shiashkotan
Shiashkotan (Шиашкотан); (捨子古丹島; Shasukotan-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island near the center of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean, separated from Ekarma by the Ekarma Strait.
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Shikotan
Shikotan (Russian: Шикотан; Japanese: 色丹島 (Shikotan); シコタン or シコタヌ, Sikotan), also known as Shpanberg (after Martin Spangberg), is an island which is administered by the Russian Federation as part of Yuzhno-Kurilsky District of Sakhalin Oblast, and that is claimed by Japan as part of Nemuro Subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture.
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Shiretoko Peninsula
is located on the easternmost portion of the Japanese island of Hokkaidō, protruding into the Sea of Okhotsk.
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Shumshu
Shumshu (Шумшу, Shumushu; 占守島 Shumushu-tō) is the second-northernmost island of the Kuril Islands chain, which divides the Sea of Okhotsk from the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Simushir
Simushir (Симушир, translit, translit), meaning Large Island in Ainu, is an uninhabited volcanic island near the center of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
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Spruce
A spruce is a tree of the genus Picea, a genus of about 35 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal (taiga) regions of the Earth.
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Squid
Squid are cephalopods of the two orders Myopsida and Oegopsida, which were formerly regarded as two suborders of the order Teuthida, however recent research shows Teuthida to be paraphyletic.
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Steller sea lion
The Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus), also known as the northern sea lion and Steller's sea lion, is a near-threatened species of sea lions in the northern Pacific.
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Stratovolcano
A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a conical volcano built up by many layers (strata) of hardened lava, tephra, pumice and ash.
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Subprefectures of Hokkaido
Hokkaido Prefecture had 14 branch offices called 支庁 (shichō) in Japanese, which is often translated in English as subprefectures.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Taishō period
The, or Taishō era, is a period in the history of Japan dating from July 30, 1912, to December 25, 1926, coinciding with the reign of the Emperor Taishō.
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Takadaya Kahei
was a Japanese merchant credited with transforming the trading outpost of Hakodate in Japan's northern island of Hokkaidō into a thriving city. He is also recognised for opening the northern Etorofu sea route to the Kuril island fisheries and helping settle territorial disputes with Russia over the islands. Takadaya Kahei was born to a farming family, but left his birthplace when was 13, to work in Kobe as a sailor. He earned sufficient money to purchase his own Kitamaebune trading ship and sailed to Hakodate in the summer of 1796. He set up a business in the town, which at the time was a small trading outpost. He is reputed to have made a fortune through trade by importing sake, salt, rice and other staples to Ezochi (the Japanese area of Hokkaidō) and exporting herring, salmon and kelp to Honshū. He later developed trading routes to the Kuril Islands and operated many fisheries around Nemuro, a town on Hokkaidō's east coast. Takadaya is also known for his services in developing Hakodate. He repaired streets, cultivated the land and forested trees for lumber. After a destructive fire in 1806 he provided food, clothing and new housing for victims of the disaster. He also paid for workmen from Osaka to sink new wells and donated water pumps for fire fighting. He acquired a status as one of the most famous merchants in the era for his role in the Golovnin Incident. In 1812, during a dispute over the Kuril Island territorial waters, Takadaya Kahei was captured by Petr Rikord, captain of the Russian navy sloop in retaliation for the Japanese capture of explorer Vasily Golovnin. Along with his four sailors who were also captured on board the Kanze-maru, Takadaya was confined to Kamchatka for several months, his release finally secured through diplomacy. During his imprisonment he learned the Russian language and later worked with Vasily Golovnin to settle the Kuril Islands territorial border between the two countries. At the age of 50, Takadaya returned to his birthplace of Awaji Island. He died in 1827. A festival is held in Hakodate every year in late July to commemorate Takadaya Kahei.
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Tatars
The Tatars (татарлар, татары) are a Turkic-speaking peoples living mainly in Russia and other Post-Soviet countries.
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Tectonics
Tectonics is the process that controls the structure and properties of the Earth's crust and its evolution through time.
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Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the and the, was the last feudal Japanese military government, which existed between 1600 and 1868.
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Tor missile system
The Tor missile system ("Тор"; torus) is an all-weather low to medium altitude, short-range surface-to-air missile system designed for engaging airplanes, helicopters, cruise missiles, precision guided munitions, unmanned aerial vehicles and short-range ballistic threats (Anti-Munitions).
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Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)
The (Russian:Петербургский договор) between the Empire of Japan and Empire of Russia was signed on 7 May 1875, and its ratifications exchanged at Tokyo on 22 August 1875.
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Tsunami
A tsunami (from 津波, "harbour wave"; English pronunciation) or tidal wave, also known as a seismic sea wave, is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake.
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Tufted puffin
The tufted puffin (Fratercula cirrhata), also known as crested puffin, is a relatively abundant medium-sized pelagic seabird in the auk family (Alcidae) found throughout the North Pacific Ocean.
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Tundra
In physical geography, tundra is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons.
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Ukrainians
Ukrainians (українці, ukrayintsi) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is by total population the sixth-largest nation in Europe.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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United States Army Air Forces
The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF or AAF), informally known as the Air Force, was the aerial warfare service of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II (1939/41–1945), successor to the previous United States Army Air Corps and the direct predecessor of the United States Air Force of today, one of the five uniformed military services.
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University of Southern California
The University of Southern California (USC or SC) is a private research university in Los Angeles, California.
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Uria
Uria is a genus of seabirds in the auk family known in Britain as guillemots, in most of North America as murres, and in Newfoundland and Labrador as turr.
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Urup
Urup (Уру́п, Uruppu-to, translit) is an uninhabited volcanic island in the Kuril Islands chain in the south of the Sea of Okhotsk, northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Ushishir
Ushishir (Ушишир; Japanese: 宇志知島; Ushishiru-tō; Ainu: ウシシㇼ) is an uninhabited volcanic island located in the centre of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Vasily Golovnin
Vasily Mikhailovich Golovnin (Василий Михайлович Головнин in Russian), Gulyniki, Ryazan Oblast, Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russia, was a Russian navigator, Vice Admiral, and corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1818).
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Vladimir Atlasov
Vladimir Vasilyevich Atlasov or Otlasov (or Отла́сов) (born in Veliky Ustyug between 1661 and 1664—died in 1711) was a Siberian Cossack who was the first Russian to organize systematic exploration of the Kamchatka Peninsula.
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Vladivostok
Vladivostok (p, literally ruler of the east) is a city and the administrative center of Primorsky Krai, Russia, located around the Golden Horn Bay, not far from Russia's borders with China and North Korea.
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Volcano
A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
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Voloshin
Voloshin, or Voloshyn, feminine forms: Voloshina / Voloshyna (Волошин, Волошина), is a Russian and Ukrainian surname, meaning "Romanian" (from the dated exonym Vlach).
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Wagtail
The wagtails are a genus, Motacilla, of passerine birds in the family Motacillidae.
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Whaler
A whaler or whaling ship is a specialized ship, designed for whaling: the catching or processing of whales.
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Woodblock printing
Woodblock printing is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East Asia and originating in China in antiquity as a method of printing on textiles and later paper.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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World Wide Fund for Nature
The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization founded in 1961, working in the field of the wilderness preservation, and the reduction of human impact on the environment.
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Wren
The wrens are mostly small, brownish passerine birds in the mainly New World family Troglodytidae.
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Yuri (island)
Yuri (Iurii) (Юрий., Yuri-to, translit) is an uninhabited island in the Habomai Islands sub-group of the Kuril Islands chain in the south of the Sea of Okhotsk, northwest Pacific Ocean.
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Yuzhno-Kurilsk
Yuzhno-Kurilsk (Ю́жно-Кури́льск) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Yuzhno-Kurilsky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia.
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Yuzhno-Kurilsk Mendeleyevo Airport
Yuzhno-Kurilsk Mendeleyevo Airport (Аэропорт Южно-Курильск, メンデレーエフ空港) is an airport in Yuzhno-Kurilsk, on the Russian island of Kunashir in the Kuril Islands.
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Yuzhno-Kurilsky District
Yuzhno-Kurilsky District (Ю́жно-Кури́льский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia; one of the seventeen in the oblast.
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Zemlyak
Zemlyak (page is a Russian political movement which emerged in 1992, founded by Mikhail Lukyanov, advocating for Russia to return the Kuril Islands to Japan as it would benefit the islanders economically.
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Zvyozdnaya
Zvyozdnaya (Звёздная) is a station on the Moskovsko-Petrogradskaya Line of the Saint Petersburg Metro.
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1963 Kuril Islands earthquake
The 1963 Kuril Islands earthquake occurred at 05:17 UTC, on October 13.
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2006 Kuril Islands earthquake
The 2006 Kuril Islands earthquake occurred on November 15 at with a moment magnitude of 8.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IV (Light).
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2007 Kuril Islands earthquake
The 2007 Kuril Islands earthquake occurred east of the Kuril Islands on 13 January at.
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54th Fighter Squadron
The 54th Fighter Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.
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77th Weapons Squadron
The 77th Weapons Squadron is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the USAF Weapons School, stationed at Dyess Air Force Base, Texas.
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904th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron
The 904th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.
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Redirects here:
Chishima, Chishima Islands, Chishima Retto, Chishima Rettoo, Chishima Rettou, Chishima Rettô, Chishima islands, Chishima rettō, Chishima-Retto, Chishima-retto, Japanese administration of the Kuril Islands, Kuril, Kuril Archipelago, Kuril Islands under Japanese administration period, Kuril arc, Kuril island, Kuril islands, Kurile, Kurile Islands, Kurile island arc, Kurile islands, Kuriles, Kurils, Kurilskiye Ostrova, Kuriru, Kuriru Retto, Kuriru Rettoo, Kuriru Rettou, Kuriru Rettô, Kuriru islands, South Kuril Islands, Southern Kurile Islands, Tisima, Tisima Retto, Tisima Rettoo, Tisima Rettou, Tisima Rettô.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuril_Islands
