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38 relations: Anaerobic digestion, Atmospheric methane, Biodegradation, Biofuel, Biogas, Compressed natural gas, Frank R. Bowerman Landfill, Fuel cell, Gas turbine, General Motors, Global warming, Greenhouse gas, Internal combustion engine, Landfill gas, Landfill gas migration, Landfill gas monitoring, Leachate, Liquefied natural gas, Methane, Microorganism, Municipal solid waste, Natural gas, Non-methane volatile organic compound, Orange County, California, Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, Polychlorinated dibenzofurans, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Puente Hills Landfill, Reciprocating engine, Retrofitting, Siloxane, Sulfur, Underground coal gasification, United States Department of Agriculture, United States Department of Commerce, United States Department of Energy, United States Department of the Treasury, Waste minimisation.
Anaerobic digestion
Anaerobic digestion is a collection of processes by which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen.
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Atmospheric methane
Atmospheric methane is the methane present in earth's atmosphere.
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Biodegradation
Biodegradation is the disintegration of materials by bacteria, fungi, or other biological means.
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Biofuel
A biofuel is a fuel that is produced through contemporary biological processes, such as agriculture and anaerobic digestion, rather than a fuel produced by geological processes such as those involved in the formation of fossil fuels, such as coal and petroleum, from prehistoric biological matter.
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Biogas
Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.
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Compressed natural gas
Compressed natural gas (CNG) (methane stored at high pressure) is a fuel which can be used in place of gasoline (petrol), Diesel fuel and propane/LPG.
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Frank R. Bowerman Landfill
The Frank R. Bowerman Landfill is a landfill in the western Santa Ana Mountains, in Orange County, California.
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Fuel cell
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen fuel with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.
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Gas turbine
A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of continuous combustion, internal combustion engine.
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General Motors
General Motors Company, commonly referred to as General Motors (GM), is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.
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Global warming
Global warming, also referred to as climate change, is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.
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Greenhouse gas
A greenhouse gas is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiant energy within the thermal infrared range.
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Internal combustion engine
An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit.
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Landfill gas
Landfill gas is a complex mix of different gases created by the action of microorganisms within a landfill.
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Landfill gas migration
Landfill gas migration is a complex process of the gas moving from the site of original deposition to other places via diffusion.
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Landfill gas monitoring
Landfill gas monitoring is the process by which gases that are collected or released from landfills are electronically monitored.
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Leachate
A leachate is any liquid that, in the course of passing through matter, extracts soluble or suspended solids, or any other component of the material through which it has passed.
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Liquefied natural gas
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas (predominantly methane, CH4, with some mixture of ethane C2H6) that has been converted to liquid form for ease and safety of non-pressurized storage or transport.
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Methane
Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen).
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Microorganism
A microorganism, or microbe, is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form or in a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from 6th century BC India and the 1st century BC book On Agriculture by Marcus Terentius Varro. Microbiology, the scientific study of microorganisms, began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. In the 1850s, Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms caused food spoilage, debunking the theory of spontaneous generation. In the 1880s Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the diseases tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax. Microorganisms include all unicellular organisms and so are extremely diverse. Of the three domains of life identified by Carl Woese, all of the Archaea and Bacteria are microorganisms. These were previously grouped together in the two domain system as Prokaryotes, the other being the eukaryotes. The third domain Eukaryota includes all multicellular organisms and many unicellular protists and protozoans. Some protists are related to animals and some to green plants. Many of the multicellular organisms are microscopic, namely micro-animals, some fungi and some algae, but these are not discussed here. They live in almost every habitat from the poles to the equator, deserts, geysers, rocks and the deep sea. Some are adapted to extremes such as very hot or very cold conditions, others to high pressure and a few such as Deinococcus radiodurans to high radiation environments. Microorganisms also make up the microbiota found in and on all multicellular organisms. A December 2017 report stated that 3.45 billion year old Australian rocks once contained microorganisms, the earliest direct evidence of life on Earth. Microbes are important in human culture and health in many ways, serving to ferment foods, treat sewage, produce fuel, enzymes and other bioactive compounds. They are essential tools in biology as model organisms and have been put to use in biological warfare and bioterrorism. They are a vital component of fertile soils. In the human body microorganisms make up the human microbiota including the essential gut flora. They are the pathogens responsible for many infectious diseases and as such are the target of hygiene measures.
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Municipal solid waste
Municipal solid waste (MSW), commonly known as trash or garbage in the United States and rubbish in Britain, is a waste type consisting of everyday items that are discarded by the public.
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Natural gas
Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes, and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, or helium.
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Non-methane volatile organic compound
Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) are a large variety of chemically different compounds, such as benzene, ethanol, formaldehyde, cyclohexane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane or acetone.
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Orange County, California
Orange County is a county in the U.S. state of California.
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Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), or simply dioxins, are a group of polyhalogenated organic compounds that are significant environmental pollutants.
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Polychlorinated dibenzofurans
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are a family of organic compounds with one or several of the hydrogens in the dibenzofuran structure replaced by chlorines.
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, also polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons) are hydrocarbons—organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen—that are composed of multiple aromatic rings (organic rings in which the electrons are delocalized).
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Puente Hills Landfill
Puente Hills Landfill is the largest landfill in the United States, rising high and covering.
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Reciprocating engine
A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine (although there are also pneumatic and hydraulic reciprocating engines) that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert pressure into a rotating motion.
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Retrofitting
Retrofitting refers to the addition of new technology or features to older systems.
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Siloxane
A siloxane is a functional group in organosilicon chemistry with the Si–O–Si linkage.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Underground coal gasification
Underground coal gasification (UCG) is an industrial process which converts coal into product gas.
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United States Department of Agriculture
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), also known as the Agriculture Department, is the U.S. federal executive department responsible for developing and executing federal laws related to farming, forestry, and food.
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United States Department of Commerce
The United States Department of Commerce is the Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with promoting economic growth.
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United States Department of Energy
The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is a cabinet-level department of the United States Government concerned with the United States' policies regarding energy and safety in handling nuclear material.
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United States Department of the Treasury
The Department of the Treasury (USDT) is an executive department and the treasury of the United States federal government.
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Waste minimisation
Waste minimisation is a set of processes and practices intended to reduce the amount of waste produced.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landfill_gas_utilization
