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60 relations: Academia Sinica, An Chonghui, An Lushan, An Lushan Rebellion, Baoding, Chancellor of the Tang dynasty, Courtesy name, Crown prince, Cui Xie, Doulu Ge, Emperor Gaozu of Han, Emperor Xizong of Tang, Emperor Yizong of Tang, Emperor Zhaozong of Tang, Feng Dao, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Guo Chongtao, Han dynasty, Han Xin, Hebei, Historical Records of the Five Dynasties, History of China, Huang Chao, Huo Yanwei, Imperial examination, Jiedushi, Jin (907–923), Kaifeng, Kong Xun, Later Liang (Five Dynasties), Later Tang, Li (surname 李), Li Cunxu, Li Guochang, Li Keyong, Li Siyuan, Li Xi (Tang dynasty), Liao dynasty, Luoyang, Mandate of Heaven, Old History of the Five Dynasties, Qi (Li Maozhen's state), Ren Huan, Shaanxi, Shijiazhuang, Tang dynasty, Wang Du, Wang Duo, Wang Yanqiu, Wei Shuo (Later Tang), ..., Xianyang, Xiao He, Xiao Qing, Zhang Liang (Western Han), Zhao Guangyin, Zhao Yan (Later Liang), Zheng Jue, Zhu Wen, Zhu Youzhen, Zizhi Tongjian. Expand index (10 more) »
Academia Sinica
Academia Sinica (Han characters: 中央研究院, literally "central research academy"; abbreviated AS), headquartered in Nangang District, Taipei, is the national academy of Taiwan.
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An Chonghui
An Chonghui (d. June 25, 931?Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 277..) (fl. 10th century) was the chief of staff (Shumishi) and chief advisor to Li Siyuan (Emperor Mingzong) (r. 926–933) of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Later Tang.
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An Lushan
An Lushan (703 – 29 January 757) was a general in the Tang dynasty and is primarily known for instigating the An Lushan Rebellion.
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An Lushan Rebellion
The An Lushan Rebellion was a devastating rebellion against the Tang dynasty of China.
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Baoding
Baoding is a prefecture-level city in central Hebei province, approximately southwest of Beijing.
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Chancellor of the Tang dynasty
The chancellor was a semi-formally designated office position for a number of high-level officials at one time during the Tang dynasty (this list includes chancellors of the reign of Wu Zetian, which she referred to as the "Zhou dynasty" (周), rather than "Tang" (唐)).
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Courtesy name
A courtesy name (zi), also known as a style name, is a name bestowed upon one at adulthood in addition to one's given name.
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Crown prince
A crown prince is the male heir apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy.
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Cui Xie
Cui Xie (崔協) (died April 9, 929Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 276..), courtesy name Sihua (思化), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, and the subsequent Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period states Later Liang and Later Tang, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Later Tang's second emperor Li Siyuan (Emperor Mingzong).
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Doulu Ge
Doulu Ge (豆盧革) (d. August 24, 927?Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 276..) was an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms state Later Tang (and, briefly, Later Tang's predecessor state Jin), serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Later Tang's first two emperors Li Cunxu and Li Siyuan.
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Emperor Gaozu of Han
Emperor Gaozu of Han (256 BC – 1 June 195 BC), born Liu Bang (刘邦), was the founder and first emperor of the Han dynasty, reigning from 202 – 195 BC.
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Emperor Xizong of Tang
Emperor Xizong of Tang (June 8, 862 – April 20, 888), né Li Yan, later name changed to Li Xuan (changed 873), was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China.
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Emperor Yizong of Tang
Emperor Yizong of Tang (December 28, 833 – August 15, 873), né Li Wen, later changed to Li Cui, was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China.
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Emperor Zhaozong of Tang
Emperor Zhaozong of Tang (March 31, 867 – September 22, 904), né Li Jie, name later changed to Li Min and again to Li Ye, was the penultimate emperor of the Tang Dynasty of China.
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Feng Dao
Feng Dao (882History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 126.-May 21, 954.
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Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period was an era of political upheaval in 10th-century Imperial China.
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Guo Chongtao
Guo Chongtao (郭崇韜) (d. February 20, 926Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 274..), courtesy name Anshi (安時), formally the Duke of Zhao Commandery (趙郡公), was a major general of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Later Tang (and Later Tang's predecessor state Jin).
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Han dynasty
The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han Chinese" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC–9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD). The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies, and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BC) onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD. The Han dynasty saw an age of economic prosperity and witnessed a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BC). The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations. To finance its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the Han government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han dynasty. Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances, including the process of papermaking, the nautical steering ship rudder, the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy, and a seismometer for measuring earthquakes employing an inverted pendulum. The Xiongnu, a nomadic steppe confederation, defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner, but continued their raids on the Han borders. Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them. The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries. These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations, and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road, which reached as far as the Mediterranean world. The territories north of Han's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation. Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south, annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC, and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC. After 92 AD, the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics, engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager, causing the Han's ultimate downfall. Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion. Following the death of Emperor Ling (r. 168–189 AD), the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers, allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire. When Cao Pi, King of Wei, usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, the Han dynasty would eventually collapse and ceased to exist.
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Han Xin
Han Xin (died 196 BC) was a military general who served Liu Bang during the Chu–Han Contention and contributed greatly to the founding of the Han dynasty.
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Hebei
Hebei (postal: Hopeh) is a province of China in the North China region.
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Historical Records of the Five Dynasties
The Historical Records of the Five Dynasties (Wudai Shiji) is a Chinese history book on the Five Dynasties period (907–960), written by the Song dynasty official Ouyang Xiu in private.
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History of China
The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC,William G. Boltz, Early Chinese Writing, World Archaeology, Vol.
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Huang Chao
Huang Chao (835 – July 13, 884) was a Chinese smuggler, soldier, and rebel, and is most well known for being the leader of a major rebellion that severely weakened the Tang dynasty.
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Huo Yanwei
Huo Yanwei (霍彥威) (872-928History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 64.), known as Li Shaozhen (李紹真) from 924 to 926, courtesy name Zizhong (子重), formally Duke Zhongwu of Jin (晉忠武公), was a general of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period states Later Liang and Later Tang.
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Imperial examination
The Chinese imperial examinations were a civil service examination system in Imperial China to select candidates for the state bureaucracy.
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Jiedushi
The jiedushi were regional military governors in China during the Tang dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
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Jin (907–923)
Jin (晉), also known as Hedong (河東) in historiography, was an early state of the imperial Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period from 907 to 923, and the predecessor of the Later Tang dynasty (923–937).
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Kaifeng
Kaifeng, known previously by several names, is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China.
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Kong Xun
Kong Xun (孔循) (884New History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 43.-April 4, 931Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 277..), known early in his life as Zhao Yinheng (趙殷衡), also having used surnames of Li (李) and Zhu (朱) early in life, was an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period states Later Liang and Later Tang.
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Later Liang (Five Dynasties)
The Later Liang (1 June 907 – 19 November 923), also known as Zhu Liang, was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in China.
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Later Tang
Tang, known in history as Later Tang, was a short-lived imperial dynasty that lasted from 923 to 937 during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in the history of China.
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Li (surname 李)
Li is the second most common surname in China, behind only Wang.
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Li Cunxu
Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang, personal name Li Cunxu, nickname Yazi (亞子), was the Prince of Jin (908–923) and later became Emperor of Later Tang (923–926), of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period of Chinese history.
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Li Guochang
Li Guochang (died 887Both the New Book of Tang, vol. 218 and the Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 256 gave Li Guochang's death date as 887 (i.e., the third year of the Guangqi era), so that date will be used here, as the History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 25 and the New History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 4, which gave a contrary 883 (i.e., the third year of Zhonghe era), appeared to contradict the available chronology of the career of Li Guochang's son Li Keyong.), né Zhuye Chixin (朱邪赤心), courtesy name Dexing (德興), posthumously honored by Later Tang as Emperor Wenjing (文景皇帝) with the temple name of Xianzu (獻祖), was a leader of the Shatuo Turks during the waning years of the Tang Dynasty.
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Li Keyong
Li Keyong (October 24, 856 – February 23, 908) was a Shatuo military governor (Jiedushi) during the late Tang Dynasty and was key to developing a base of power for the Shatuo in what is today Shanxi Province in China.
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Li Siyuan
Li Siyuan (李嗣源, later changed to Li Dan (李亶) Many Chinese emperors changed their given names to rarely encountered characters to alleviate the burden of the populace who must observe naming taboo.) (10 October 867 – 15 December 933), also known by his temple name Mingzong (明宗), was the second emperor of imperial China's short-lived Later Tang during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning from 926 until his death.
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Li Xi (Tang dynasty)
Li Xi or Li Qi (李谿 per the Zizhi Tongjian and the History of the Five Dynasties or 李磎 per the Old Book of Tang and the New Book of Tang) (d. June 4, 895Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 260..), courtesy name Jingwang (景望), nicknamed Li Shulou (李書樓), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving briefly as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong.
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Liao dynasty
The Liao dynasty (Khitan: Mos Jælud), also known as the Liao Empire, officially the Great Liao, or the Khitan (Qidan) State (Khitan: Mos diau-d kitai huldʒi gur), was an empire in East Asia that ruled from 907 to 1125 over present-day Mongolia and portions of the Russian Far East, northern China, and northeastern Korea.
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Luoyang
Luoyang, formerly romanized as Loyang, is a city located in the confluence area of Luo River and Yellow River in the west of Henan province.
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Mandate of Heaven
The Mandate of Heaven or Tian Ming is a Chinese political and religious doctrine used since ancient times to justify the rule of the King or Emperor of China.
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Old History of the Five Dynasties
The Old History of the Five Dynasties (Jiù Wǔdài Shǐ) was an official history of the Five Dynasties (907–960), which controlled much of northern China.
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Qi (Li Maozhen's state)
Qi was a kingdom during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in Chinese history.
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Ren Huan
Ren Huan (died 927) was a general and official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Later Tang (and Later Tang's predecessor state Jin).
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Shaanxi
Shaanxi is a province of the People's Republic of China.
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Shijiazhuang
Shijiazhuang is the capital and largest city of North China's Hebei Province.
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Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty or the Tang Empire was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
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Wang Du
Wang Du (王都) (died March 26, 929Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 276.), né Liu Yunlang (劉雲郎), was a warlord during the early Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China as the military governor (Jiedushi) of Yiwu Circuit (義武, headquartered in modern Baoding, Hebei).
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Wang Duo
Wang Duo (王鐸) (died 884), courtesy name Zhaofan (昭範), formally the Duke of Jin (晉公), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Emperor Yizong and Emperor Yizong's son Emperor Xizong.
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Wang Yanqiu
Wang Yanqiu (王晏球) (869?New History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 46./873?History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 64.-930?/932?Wang Yanqiu's biography in the History of the Five Dynasties gave his death year as 932 and indicated that he died at the age of 59. His biography in the New History of the Five Dynasties did not give an explicit death year but indicated that he died at the age of 61 and that his death occurred the same year that he was made the military governor of Pinglu Circuit, which, based on the chronologies for the reign of Emperor Mingzong of Later Tang in the History of the Five Dynasties, was in 930. See History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 41.), courtesy name Yingzhi (瑩之), known early in his army career as Du Yanqiu (杜晏球), known from 923 to 926 as Li Shaoqian (李紹虔), was a general of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period states Later Liang and Later Tang.
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Wei Shuo (Later Tang)
Wei Shuo (韋說) (died August 24, 927?Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 276..) was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, and Tang's successor states Later Liang and Later Tang of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Later Tang's first two emperors Li Cunxu and Li Siyuan.
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Xianyang
Xianyang is a prefecture-level city in central Shaanxi province, situated on the Wei River a few kilometers upstream (west) from the provincial capital of Xi'an.
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Xiao He
Xiao He (died 193 BC) was a Chinese statesman of the early Western Han dynasty.
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Xiao Qing
Xiao Qing (蕭頃) (862Old History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 58.-June 19, 930?Old History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 41..), courtesy name Zicheng (子澄), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty and its successor states Later Liang and Later Tang of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, serving as a chancellor during Later Liang.
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Zhang Liang (Western Han)
Zhang Liang (3rd century BC – 186 BC), courtesy name Zifang, was a strategist and statesman who lived in the early Western Han dynasty.
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Zhao Guangyin
Zhao Guangyin (died May 23, 925Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 273..) was an official during China's Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
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Zhao Yan (Later Liang)
Zhao Yan (趙巖) (d. 923), né Zhao Lin (趙霖), was an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Later Liang.
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Zheng Jue
Zheng Jue (鄭玨) was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty and the succeeding Later Liang and Later Tang of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, serving as a chancellor during both Later Liang and Later Tang.
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Zhu Wen
Emperor Taizu of Later Liang (後梁太祖), personal name Zhu Quanzhong (朱全忠) (852–912), né Zhu Wen (朱溫), name later changed to Zhu Huang (朱晃), nickname Zhu San (朱三, literally, "the third Zhu"), was a Jiedushi (military governor) at the end of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, who previously served as a general under the rival Emperor Huang Chao's Empire of Qi and overthrew Empire of Tang in 907, established the Later Liang as its emperor, and ushered in the era of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.
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Zhu Youzhen
Zhu Zhen (朱瑱) (20 October 888 – 18 November 923), often referred to in traditional histories as Emperor Mo of Later Liang (後梁末帝, "last emperor") and sometimes by his princely title Prince of Jun (均王), né Zhu Youzhen (朱友貞), known as Zhu Huang (朱鍠) from 913 to 915, was the emperor of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Later Liang from 913 to 923.
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Zizhi Tongjian
The Zizhi Tongjian is a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography, published in 1084, in the form of a chronicle.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Qi_(Five_Dynasties)
