314 relations: A (musical note), Abramowitz and Stegun, Absolute value, Absorbance, Acid, Acoustics, Addison-Wesley, Addition, Algebraic geometry, Algebraic number, Algorithm, Almost all, Alphonse Antonio de Sarasa, American Mathematical Monthly, American Mathematical Society, Analysis of algorithms, Antiderivative, Apparent magnitude, Aqueous solution, Archimedes, Argument (complex analysis), Argument of a function, Arithmetic mean, Arithmetic progression, Arithmetic shift, Arithmetic–geometric mean, Astronomy, B (musical note), Base (exponentiation), BASIC, B♭ (musical note), Benford's law, Big O notation, Binary logarithm, Binary number, Binary search algorithm, Binomial distribution, Bit, Boltzmann constant, Branch point, C (programming language), Calculus, Cambridge University Press, Carl Friedrich Gauss, Celestial navigation, Cent (music), Chain rule, Chaos theory, Chemistry, Christiaan Huygens, ..., Cologarithm, Common logarithm, Complex analysis, Complex logarithm, Complex number, Complex plane, Computational complexity theory, Computer memory, Computer science, Conjecture, Connection Machine, Continuous function, CORDIC, CRC Press, Cryptography, Data set, Decibel, Decimal, Degree (angle), Derivative, Deterministic system, Differentiable function, Differentiable manifold, Differential form, Differential geometry, Diffie–Hellman key exchange, Discrete logarithm, Divide and conquer algorithm, Division (mathematics), Double exponential function, Dover Publications, Dynamical system, E (mathematical constant), Economics, Edmund Gunter, Engineering, Entropy, Entropy (information theory), Equal temperament, Erdős–Kac theorem, Euler's formula, Euler–Mascheroni constant, Exponential function, Exponential map (Riemannian geometry), Exponentiation, Exposure value, Factorial, Fair coin, Fenske equation, Finite field, Finite group, Fitts's law, Floor and ceiling functions, Florian Cajori, Forensic accounting, Formula, Fractal, Fractal dimension, Fractional part, Frequency, Function (mathematics), Function composition, Fundamental theorem of calculus, Gelfond–Schneider theorem, Geometric mean, Geometric progression, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Graph of a function, Grégoire de Saint-Vincent, Group isomorphism, Group theory, Haar measure, Harmonic series (mathematics), Harvard University Press, Haskell (programming language), Hausdorff dimension, Henry Briggs (mathematician), Hertz, Hick's law, Hydrogen, Hydronium, Hyperbola, Image compression, Imaginary unit, Independence (probability theory), Index of logarithm articles, Infinity, Information theory, Integer, Integral, Integration by substitution, Intermediate value theorem, International Organization for Standardization, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Interpolation, Interval (music), Inverse function, Inverse hyperbolic functions, Ion, Irrational number, Irving Stringham, ISO 31-11, Iterated logarithm, James Gregory (mathematician), Java (programming language), John Napier, John Wiley & Sons, Jost Bürgi, Lambert W function, Laplace transform, Law of large numbers, Law of the iterated logarithm, Lebesgue measure, Leonhard Euler, Level (logarithmic quantity), Likelihood function, Limit (mathematics), Limit of a sequence, List of integrals of logarithmic functions, List of trigonometric identities, Log-normal distribution, Logarithm of a matrix, Logarithmic derivative, Logarithmic differentiation, Logarithmic form, Logarithmic growth, Logarithmic integral function, Logarithmic scale, Logarithmic spiral, Log–log plot, Logistic function, Logit, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lyapunov exponent, Major third, Manhattan Project, Mathematical analysis, Mathematical table, Mathematics, Matrix exponential, Maximum likelihood estimation, McGraw-Hill Education, Merge sort, Minkowski–Bouligand dimension, Molar concentration, Moment magnitude scale, Monotonic function, Multiplication, Multiplicative inverse, Multivalued function, Music theory, Nat (unit), Natural logarithm, Natural number, Nautilus, Neighbourhood (mathematics), Nernst equation, Newton's method, Noise (electronics), Normal distribution, Nth root, Number theory, Numerical digit, O'Reilly Media, Octave, Optics, Origin (mathematics), Oxford University Press, P-adic exponential function, Parametric model, Paul Halmos, Peak signal-to-noise ratio, Perception, PH, Photography, Physics, Pi, Pierre-Simon Laplace, Pitch (music), Polylogarithm, Power (physics), Power law, Power series, Prime number, Prime number theorem, Prime-counting function, Princeton University Press, Principal branch, Probability theory, Product (mathematics), Programming language, Proportionality (mathematics), Prosthaphaeresis, Psychophysics, Public-key cryptography, Quadrature (mathematics), Quicksort, Radian, Random variable, Ratio, Rational number, Real number, Recursion, Richard Feynman, Richter magnitude scale, Riemann hypothesis, Riemann zeta function, Scale invariance, Scientific calculator, Scientific notation, Self-similarity, Semi-log plot, Semitone, Sensation (psychology), Series (mathematics), Sierpinski triangle, Signal, Signal-to-noise ratio, Significand, Sine, Slide rule, Slope, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Sound pressure, Spectrometer, Spectroscopy, Springer Science+Business Media, Square root, Statistical mechanics, Statistical model, Statistics, Stevens's power law, Stimulus (psychology), Stirling's approximation, Subtraction, Summation, Super-logarithm, Surveying, Tangent, Tangent space, Taylor series, Tetration, The Art of Computer Programming, The College Mathematics Journal, The Quadrature of the Parabola, Thermodynamic activity, Time complexity, Transcendental function, Transcendental number, Trigonometric functions, Tritone, Tsiolkovsky rocket equation, Turn (geometry), Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics, Unit of measurement, Voltage, Weber–Fechner law, William Oughtred, Wolfram Mathematica, Wolfram Research, World Scientific, Zech's logarithm, Zeros and poles, 72 equal temperament. 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A (musical note)
La or A is the sixth note of the fixed-do solfège.
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Abramowitz and Stegun
Abramowitz and Stegun (AS) is the informal name of a mathematical reference work edited by Milton Abramowitz and Irene Stegun of the United States National Bureau of Standards (NBS), now the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
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Absolute value
In mathematics, the absolute value or modulus of a real number is the non-negative value of without regard to its sign.
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Absorbance
In chemistry, absorbance or decadic absorbance is the common logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a material, and spectral absorbance or spectral decadic absorbance is the common logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted spectral radiant power through a material.
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Acid
An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a hydron (proton or hydrogen ion H+), or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (a Lewis acid).
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Acoustics
Acoustics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of all mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids including topics such as vibration, sound, ultrasound and infrasound.
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Addison-Wesley
Addison-Wesley is a publisher of textbooks and computer literature.
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Addition
Addition (often signified by the plus symbol "+") is one of the four basic operations of arithmetic; the others are subtraction, multiplication and division.
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Algebraic geometry
Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics, classically studying zeros of multivariate polynomials.
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Algebraic number
An algebraic number is any complex number (including real numbers) that is a root of a non-zero polynomial (that is, a value which causes the polynomial to equal 0) in one variable with rational coefficients (or equivalently – by clearing denominators – with integer coefficients).
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Algorithm
In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm is an unambiguous specification of how to solve a class of problems.
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Almost all
In mathematics, the term "almost all" means "all but a negligible amount".
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Alphonse Antonio de Sarasa
Alphonse Antonio de Sarasa was a Jesuit mathematician who contributed to the understanding of logarithms, particularly as areas under a hyperbola.
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American Mathematical Monthly
The American Mathematical Monthly is a mathematical journal founded by Benjamin Finkel in 1894.
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American Mathematical Society
The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, advocacy and other programs.
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Analysis of algorithms
In computer science, the analysis of algorithms is the determination of the computational complexity of algorithms, that is the amount of time, storage and/or other resources necessary to execute them.
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Antiderivative
In calculus, an antiderivative, primitive function, primitive integral or indefinite integral of a function is a differentiable function whose derivative is equal to the original function.
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Apparent magnitude
The apparent magnitude of a celestial object is a number that is a measure of its brightness as seen by an observer on Earth.
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Aqueous solution
An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water.
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Archimedes
Archimedes of Syracuse (Ἀρχιμήδης) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer.
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Argument (complex analysis)
In mathematics, the argument is a multi-valued function operating on the nonzero complex numbers.
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Argument of a function
In mathematics, an argument of a function is a specific input in the function, also known as an independent variable.
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Arithmetic mean
In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean (stress on third syllable of "arithmetic"), or simply the mean or average when the context is clear, is the sum of a collection of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the collection.
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Arithmetic progression
In mathematics, an arithmetic progression (AP) or arithmetic sequence is a sequence of numbers such that the difference between the consecutive terms is constant.
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Arithmetic shift
In computer programming, an arithmetic shift is a shift operator, sometimes termed a signed shift (though it is not restricted to signed operands).
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Arithmetic–geometric mean
In mathematics, the arithmetic–geometric mean (AGM) of two positive real numbers and is defined as follows: Call and and: \end Then define the two interdependent sequences and as \end where the square root takes the principal value.
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Astronomy
Astronomy (from ἀστρονομία) is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena.
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B (musical note)
B, also known as Si, Ti, or, in some European countries, H, is the seventh note of the fixed-Do solfège.
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Base (exponentiation)
In exponentiation, the base is the number b in an expression of the form bn.
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BASIC
BASIC (an acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages whose design philosophy emphasizes ease of use.
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B♭ (musical note)
B (B-flat; also called si bémol) is the eleventh step of the Western chromatic scale (starting from C).
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Benford's law
Benford's law, also called Newcomb-Benford's law, law of anomalous numbers, and first-digit law, is an observation about the frequency distribution of leading digits in many real-life sets of numerical data.
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Big O notation
Big O notation is a mathematical notation that describes the limiting behaviour of a function when the argument tends towards a particular value or infinity.
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Binary logarithm
In mathematics, the binary logarithm is the power to which the number must be raised to obtain the value.
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Binary number
In mathematics and digital electronics, a binary number is a number expressed in the base-2 numeral system or binary numeral system, which uses only two symbols: typically 0 (zero) and 1 (one).
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Binary search algorithm
In computer science, binary search, also known as half-interval search,logarithmic search, or binary chop, is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array.
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Binomial distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the binomial distribution with parameters n and p is the discrete probability distribution of the number of successes in a sequence of n independent experiments, each asking a yes–no question, and each with its own boolean-valued outcome: a random variable containing a single bit of information: success/yes/true/one (with probability p) or failure/no/false/zero (with probability q.
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Bit
The bit (a portmanteau of binary digit) is a basic unit of information used in computing and digital communications.
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Boltzmann constant
The Boltzmann constant, which is named after Ludwig Boltzmann, is a physical constant relating the average kinetic energy of particles in a gas with the temperature of the gas.
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Branch point
In the mathematical field of complex analysis, a branch point of a multi-valued function (usually referred to as a "multifunction" in the context of complex analysis) is a point such that the function is discontinuous when going around an arbitrarily small circuit around this point.
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C (programming language)
C (as in the letter ''c'') is a general-purpose, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations.
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Calculus
Calculus (from Latin calculus, literally 'small pebble', used for counting and calculations, as on an abacus), is the mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.
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Carl Friedrich Gauss
Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (Gauß; Carolus Fridericus Gauss; 30 April 177723 February 1855) was a German mathematician and physicist who made significant contributions to many fields, including algebra, analysis, astronomy, differential geometry, electrostatics, geodesy, geophysics, magnetic fields, matrix theory, mechanics, number theory, optics and statistics.
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Celestial navigation
Celestial navigation, also known as astronavigation, is the ancient and modern practice of position fixing that enables a navigator to transition through a space without having to rely on estimated calculations, or dead reckoning, to know their position.
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Cent (music)
The cent is a logarithmic unit of measure used for musical intervals.
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Chain rule
In calculus, the chain rule is a formula for computing the derivative of the composition of two or more functions.
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Chaos theory
Chaos theory is a branch of mathematics focusing on the behavior of dynamical systems that are highly sensitive to initial conditions.
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Chemistry
Chemistry is the scientific discipline involved with compounds composed of atoms, i.e. elements, and molecules, i.e. combinations of atoms: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other compounds.
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Christiaan Huygens
Christiaan Huygens (Hugenius; 14 April 1629 – 8 July 1695) was a Dutch physicist, mathematician, astronomer and inventor, who is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all time and a major figure in the scientific revolution.
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Cologarithm
In mathematics, the base-b cologarithm, sometimes shortened to colog, of a number is the base-b logarithm of the reciprocal of the number.
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Common logarithm
In mathematics, the common logarithm is the logarithm with base 10.
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Complex analysis
Complex analysis, traditionally known as the theory of functions of a complex variable, is the branch of mathematical analysis that investigates functions of complex numbers.
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Complex logarithm
In complex analysis, a complex logarithm of the non-zero complex number, denoted by, is defined to be any complex number for which.
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Complex number
A complex number is a number that can be expressed in the form, where and are real numbers, and is a solution of the equation.
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Complex plane
In mathematics, the complex plane or z-plane is a geometric representation of the complex numbers established by the real axis and the perpendicular imaginary axis.
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Computational complexity theory
Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes to each other.
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Computer memory
In computing, memory refers to the computer hardware integrated circuits that store information for immediate use in a computer; it is synonymous with the term "primary storage".
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Computer science
Computer science deals with the theoretical foundations of information and computation, together with practical techniques for the implementation and application of these foundations.
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Conjecture
In mathematics, a conjecture is a conclusion or proposition based on incomplete information, for which no proof has been found.
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Connection Machine
A Connection Machine (CM) is a member of a series of massively parallel supercomputers that grew out of doctoral research on alternatives to the traditional von Neumann architecture of computers by Danny Hillis at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the early 1980s.
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Continuous function
In mathematics, a continuous function is a function for which sufficiently small changes in the input result in arbitrarily small changes in the output.
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CORDIC
CORDIC (for COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer), also known as Volder's algorithm, is a simple and efficient algorithm to calculate hyperbolic and trigonometric functions, typically converging with one digit (or bit) per iteration.
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CRC Press
The CRC Press, LLC is a publishing group based in the United States that specializes in producing technical books.
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Cryptography
Cryptography or cryptology (from κρυπτός|translit.
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Data set
A data set (or dataset) is a collection of data.
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Decibel
The decibel (symbol: dB) is a unit of measurement used to express the ratio of one value of a physical property to another on a logarithmic scale.
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Decimal
The decimal numeral system (also called base-ten positional numeral system, and occasionally called denary) is the standard system for denoting integer and non-integer numbers.
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Degree (angle)
A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually denoted by ° (the degree symbol), is a measurement of a plane angle, defined so that a full rotation is 360 degrees.
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Derivative
The derivative of a function of a real variable measures the sensitivity to change of the function value (output value) with respect to a change in its argument (input value).
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Deterministic system
In mathematics, computer science and physics, a deterministic system is a system in which no randomness is involved in the development of future states of the system.
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Differentiable function
In calculus (a branch of mathematics), a differentiable function of one real variable is a function whose derivative exists at each point in its domain.
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Differentiable manifold
In mathematics, a differentiable manifold (also differential manifold) is a type of manifold that is locally similar enough to a linear space to allow one to do calculus.
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Differential form
In the mathematical fields of differential geometry and tensor calculus, differential forms are an approach to multivariable calculus that is independent of coordinates.
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Differential geometry
Differential geometry is a mathematical discipline that uses the techniques of differential calculus, integral calculus, linear algebra and multilinear algebra to study problems in geometry.
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Diffie–Hellman key exchange
Diffie–Hellman key exchange (DH)Synonyms of Diffie–Hellman key exchange include.
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Discrete logarithm
In the mathematics of the real numbers, the logarithm logb a is a number x such that, for given numbers a and b. Analogously, in any group G, powers bk can be defined for all integers k, and the discrete logarithm logb a is an integer k such that.
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Divide and conquer algorithm
In computer science, divide and conquer is an algorithm design paradigm based on multi-branched recursion.
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Division (mathematics)
Division is one of the four basic operations of arithmetic, the others being addition, subtraction, and multiplication.
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Double exponential function
A double exponential function is a constant raised to the power of an exponential function.
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Dover Publications
Dover Publications, also known as Dover Books, is an American book publisher founded in 1941 by Hayward Cirker and his wife, Blanche.
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Dynamical system
In mathematics, a dynamical system is a system in which a function describes the time dependence of a point in a geometrical space.
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E (mathematical constant)
The number is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 2.71828, which appears in many different settings throughout mathematics.
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Economics
Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
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Edmund Gunter
Edmund Gunter (1581 – 10 December 1626), was an English clergyman, mathematician, geometer and astronomer of Welsh descent.
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Engineering
Engineering is the creative application of science, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to the innovation, design, construction, operation and maintenance of structures, machines, materials, devices, systems, processes, and organizations.
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Entropy
In statistical mechanics, entropy is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system.
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Entropy (information theory)
Information entropy is the average rate at which information is produced by a stochastic source of data.
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Equal temperament
An equal temperament is a musical temperament, or a system of tuning, in which the frequency interval between every pair of adjacent notes has the same ratio.
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Erdős–Kac theorem
In number theory, the Erdős–Kac theorem, named after Paul Erdős and Mark Kac, and also known as the fundamental theorem of probabilistic number theory, states that if ω(n) is the number of distinct prime factors of n, then, loosely speaking, the probability distribution of is the standard normal distribution.
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Euler's formula
Euler's formula, named after Leonhard Euler, is a mathematical formula in complex analysis that establishes the fundamental relationship between the trigonometric functions and the complex exponential function.
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Euler–Mascheroni constant
The Euler–Mascheroni constant (also called Euler's constant) is a mathematical constant recurring in analysis and number theory, usually denoted by the lowercase Greek letter gamma.
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Exponential function
In mathematics, an exponential function is a function of the form in which the argument occurs as an exponent.
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Exponential map (Riemannian geometry)
In Riemannian geometry, an exponential map is a map from a subset of a tangent space TpM of a Riemannian manifold (or pseudo-Riemannian manifold) M to M itself.
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Exponentiation
Exponentiation is a mathematical operation, written as, involving two numbers, the base and the exponent.
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Exposure value
In photography, exposure value (EV) is a number that represents a combination of a camera's shutter speed and f-number, such that all combinations that yield the same exposure have the same EV (for any fixed scene luminance).
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Factorial
In mathematics, the factorial of a non-negative integer n, denoted by n!, is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to n. For example, The value of 0! is 1, according to the convention for an empty product.
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Fair coin
In probability theory and statistics, a sequence of independent Bernoulli trials with probability 1/2 of success on each trial is metaphorically called a fair coin.
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Fenske equation
The Fenske equation in continuous fractional distillation is an equation used for calculating the minimum number of theoretical plates required for the separation of a binary feed stream by a fractionation column that is being operated at total reflux (i.e., which means that no overhead product distillate is being withdrawn from the column).
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Finite field
In mathematics, a finite field or Galois field (so-named in honor of Évariste Galois) is a field that contains a finite number of elements.
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Finite group
In abstract algebra, a finite group is a mathematical group with a finite number of elements.
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Fitts's law
Fitts's law (often cited as Fitts' law) is a predictive model of human movement primarily used in human–computer interaction and ergonomics.
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Floor and ceiling functions
In mathematics and computer science, the floor function is the function that takes as input a real number x and gives as output the greatest integer less than or equal to x, denoted \operatorname(x).
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Florian Cajori
Florian Cajori (February 28, 1859 – August 14 or 15, 1930) was a Swiss-American historian of mathematics.
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Forensic accounting
Forensic accounting, forensic accountancy or financial forensics is the specialty practice area of accounting that describes engagements that result from actual or anticipated disputes or litigation.
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Formula
In science, a formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical formula or a chemical formula.
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Fractal
In mathematics, a fractal is an abstract object used to describe and simulate naturally occurring objects.
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Fractal dimension
In mathematics, more specifically in fractal geometry, a fractal dimension is a ratio providing a statistical index of complexity comparing how detail in a pattern (strictly speaking, a fractal pattern) changes with the scale at which it is measured.
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Fractional part
The fractional part or decimal part of a non‐negative real number x is the excess beyond that number's integer part.
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Frequency
Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time.
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Function (mathematics)
In mathematics, a function was originally the idealization of how a varying quantity depends on another quantity.
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Function composition
In mathematics, function composition is the pointwise application of one function to the result of another to produce a third function.
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Fundamental theorem of calculus
The fundamental theorem of calculus is a theorem that links the concept of differentiating a function with the concept of integrating a function.
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Gelfond–Schneider theorem
In mathematics, the Gelfond–Schneider theorem establishes the transcendence of a large class of numbers.
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Geometric mean
In mathematics, the geometric mean is a mean or average, which indicates the central tendency or typical value of a set of numbers by using the product of their values (as opposed to the arithmetic mean which uses their sum).
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Geometric progression
In mathematics, a geometric progression, also known as a geometric sequence, is a sequence of numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous one by a fixed, non-zero number called the common ratio.
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Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Gottfried Wilhelm (von) Leibniz (or; Leibnitz; – 14 November 1716) was a German polymath and philosopher who occupies a prominent place in the history of mathematics and the history of philosophy.
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Graph of a function
In mathematics, the graph of a function f is, formally, the set of all ordered pairs, and, in practice, the graphical representation of this set.
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Grégoire de Saint-Vincent
Grégoire de Saint-Vincent (22 March 1584 Bruges – 5 June 1667 Ghent) was a Flemish Jesuit and mathematician.
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Group isomorphism
In abstract algebra, a group isomorphism is a function between two groups that sets up a one-to-one correspondence between the elements of the groups in a way that respects the given group operations.
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Group theory
In mathematics and abstract algebra, group theory studies the algebraic structures known as groups.
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Haar measure
In mathematical analysis, the Haar measure assigns an "invariant volume" to subsets of locally compact topological groups, consequently defining an integral for functions on those groups.
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Harmonic series (mathematics)
In mathematics, the harmonic series is the divergent infinite series: Its name derives from the concept of overtones, or harmonics in music: the wavelengths of the overtones of a vibrating string are,,, etc., of the string's fundamental wavelength.
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Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.
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Haskell (programming language)
Haskell is a standardized, general-purpose compiled purely functional programming language, with non-strict semantics and strong static typing.
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Hausdorff dimension
Hausdorff dimension is a measure of roughness in mathematics introduced in 1918 by mathematician Felix Hausdorff, and it serves as a measure of the local size of a space, taking into account the distance between its points.
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Henry Briggs (mathematician)
Henry Briggs (February 1561 – 26 January 1630) was an English mathematician notable for changing the original logarithms invented by John Napier into common (base 10) logarithms, which are sometimes known as Briggsian logarithms in his honour.
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Hertz
The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the derived unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second.
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Hick's law
Hick's law, or the Hick–Hyman law, named after British and American psychologists William Edmund Hick and Ray Hyman, describes the time it takes for a person to make a decision as a result of the possible choices he or she has: increasing the number of choices will increase the decision time logarithmically.
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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Hydronium
In chemistry, hydronium is the common name for the aqueous cation, the type of oxonium ion produced by protonation of water.
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Hyperbola
In mathematics, a hyperbola (plural hyperbolas or hyperbolae) is a type of smooth curve lying in a plane, defined by its geometric properties or by equations for which it is the solution set.
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Image compression
Image compression is a type of data compression applied to digital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission.
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Imaginary unit
The imaginary unit or unit imaginary number is a solution to the quadratic equation.
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Independence (probability theory)
In probability theory, two events are independent, statistically independent, or stochastically independent if the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of occurrence of the other.
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Index of logarithm articles
This is a list of logarithm topics, by Wikipedia page.
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Infinity
Infinity (symbol) is a concept describing something without any bound or larger than any natural number.
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Information theory
Information theory studies the quantification, storage, and communication of information.
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Integer
An integer (from the Latin ''integer'' meaning "whole")Integer 's first literal meaning in Latin is "untouched", from in ("not") plus tangere ("to touch").
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Integral
In mathematics, an integral assigns numbers to functions in a way that can describe displacement, area, volume, and other concepts that arise by combining infinitesimal data.
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Integration by substitution
In calculus, integration by substitution, also known as u-substitution, is a method for finding integrals.
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Intermediate value theorem
In mathematical analysis, the intermediate value theorem states that if a continuous function, f, with an interval,, as its domain, takes values f(a) and f(b) at each end of the interval, then it also takes any value between f(a) and f(b) at some point within the interval.
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International Organization for Standardization
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.
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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations that represents chemists in individual countries.
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Interpolation
In the mathematical field of numerical analysis, interpolation is a method of constructing new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points.
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Interval (music)
In music theory, an interval is the difference between two pitches.
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Inverse function
In mathematics, an inverse function (or anti-function) is a function that "reverses" another function: if the function applied to an input gives a result of, then applying its inverse function to gives the result, and vice versa.
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Inverse hyperbolic functions
In mathematics, the inverse hyperbolic functions are the inverse functions of the hyperbolic functions.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
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Irrational number
In mathematics, the irrational numbers are all the real numbers which are not rational numbers, the latter being the numbers constructed from ratios (or fractions) of integers.
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Irving Stringham
Washington Irving Stringham (December 10, 1847 – October 5, 1909) was a "Professor of Mathematics and Sometime Dean in the University of California" born in Yorkshire, New York.
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ISO 31-11
ISO 31-11:1992 was the part of international standard ISO 31 that defines mathematical signs and symbols for use in physical sciences and technology.
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Iterated logarithm
In computer science, the iterated logarithm of n, written n (usually read "log star"), is the number of times the logarithm function must be iteratively applied before the result is less than or equal to 1.
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James Gregory (mathematician)
James Gregory FRS (November 1638 – October 1675) was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer.
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Java (programming language)
Java is a general-purpose computer-programming language that is concurrent, class-based, object-oriented, and specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.
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John Napier
John Napier of Merchiston (1550 – 4 April 1617); also signed as Neper, Nepair; nicknamed Marvellous Merchiston) was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist, and astronomer. He was the 8th Laird of Merchiston. His Latinized name was Ioannes Neper. John Napier is best known as the discoverer of logarithms. He also invented the so-called "Napier's bones" and made common the use of the decimal point in arithmetic and mathematics. Napier's birthplace, Merchiston Tower in Edinburgh, is now part of the facilities of Edinburgh Napier University. Napier died from the effects of gout at home at Merchiston Castle and his remains were buried in the kirkyard of St Giles. Following the loss of the kirkyard there to build Parliament House, he was memorialised at St Cuthbert's at the west side of Edinburgh.
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John Wiley & Sons
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., also referred to as Wiley, is a global publishing company that specializes in academic publishing.
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Jost Bürgi
Jost Bürgi (also Joost, Jobst; Latinized surname Burgius or Byrgius; 28 February 1552 – 31 January 1632), active primarily at the courts in Kassel and Prague, was a Swiss clockmaker, a maker of astronomical instruments and a mathematician.
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Lambert W function
In mathematics, the Lambert W function, also called the omega function or product logarithm, is a set of functions, namely the branches of the inverse relation of the function f(z).
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Laplace transform
In mathematics, the Laplace transform is an integral transform named after its discoverer Pierre-Simon Laplace.
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Law of large numbers
In probability theory, the law of large numbers (LLN) is a theorem that describes the result of performing the same experiment a large number of times.
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Law of the iterated logarithm
In probability theory, the law of the iterated logarithm describes the magnitude of the fluctuations of a random walk.
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Lebesgue measure
In measure theory, the Lebesgue measure, named after French mathematician Henri Lebesgue, is the standard way of assigning a measure to subsets of n-dimensional Euclidean space.
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Leonhard Euler
Leonhard Euler (Swiss Standard German:; German Standard German:; 15 April 170718 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician and engineer, who made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics, such as infinitesimal calculus and graph theory, while also making pioneering contributions to several branches such as topology and analytic number theory.
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Level (logarithmic quantity)
In the International System of Quantities, the level of a quantity is the logarithm of the ratio of the value of that quantity to a reference value of the same quantity.
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Likelihood function
In frequentist inference, a likelihood function (often simply the likelihood) is a function of the parameters of a statistical model, given specific observed data.
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Limit (mathematics)
In mathematics, a limit is the value that a function (or sequence) "approaches" as the input (or index) "approaches" some value.
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Limit of a sequence
As the positive integer n becomes larger and larger, the value n\cdot \sin\bigg(\frac1\bigg) becomes arbitrarily close to 1.
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List of integrals of logarithmic functions
The following is a list of integrals (antiderivative functions) of logarithmic functions.
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List of trigonometric identities
In mathematics, trigonometric identities are equalities that involve trigonometric functions and are true for every value of the occurring variables where both sides of the equality are defined.
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Log-normal distribution
In probability theory, a log-normal (or lognormal) distribution is a continuous probability distribution of a random variable whose logarithm is normally distributed.
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Logarithm of a matrix
In mathematics, a logarithm of a matrix is another matrix such that the matrix exponential of the latter matrix equals the original matrix.
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Logarithmic derivative
In mathematics, specifically in calculus and complex analysis, the logarithmic derivative of a function f is defined by the formula where f' is the derivative of f. Intuitively, this is the infinitesimal relative change in f; that is, the infinitesimal absolute change in f, namely f', scaled by the current value of f. When f is a function f(x) of a real variable x, and takes real, strictly positive values, this is equal to the derivative of ln(f), or the natural logarithm of f. This follows directly from the chain rule.
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Logarithmic differentiation
In calculus, logarithmic differentiation or differentiation by taking logarithms is a method used to differentiate functions by employing the logarithmic derivative of a function f, The technique is often performed in cases where it is easier to differentiate the logarithm of a function rather than the function itself.
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Logarithmic form
In contexts including complex manifolds and algebraic geometry, a logarithmic differential form is a meromorphic differential form with poles of a certain kind.
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Logarithmic growth
In mathematics, logarithmic growth describes a phenomenon whose size or cost can be described as a logarithm function of some input.
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Logarithmic integral function
In mathematics, the logarithmic integral function or integral logarithm li(x) is a special function.
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Logarithmic scale
A logarithmic scale is a nonlinear scale used when there is a large range of quantities.
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Logarithmic spiral
A logarithmic spiral, equiangular spiral or growth spiral is a self-similar spiral curve which often appears in nature.
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Log–log plot
In science and engineering, a log–log graph or log–log plot is a two-dimensional graph of numerical data that uses logarithmic scales on both the horizontal and vertical axes.
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Logistic function
A logistic function or logistic curve is a common "S" shape (sigmoid curve), with equation: where.
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Logit
The logit function is the inverse of the sigmoidal "logistic" function or logistic transform used in mathematics, especially in statistics.
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Los Alamos National Laboratory
Los Alamos National Laboratory (Los Alamos or LANL for short) is a United States Department of Energy national laboratory initially organized during World War II for the design of nuclear weapons as part of the Manhattan Project.
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Lyapunov exponent
In mathematics the Lyapunov exponent or Lyapunov characteristic exponent of a dynamical system is a quantity that characterizes the rate of separation of infinitesimally close trajectories.
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Major third
In classical music from Western culture, a third is a musical interval encompassing three staff positions (see Interval number for more details), and the major third is a third spanning four semitones.
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Manhattan Project
The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.
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Mathematical analysis
Mathematical analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with limits and related theories, such as differentiation, integration, measure, infinite series, and analytic functions.
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Mathematical table
Mathematical tables are lists of numbers showing the results of calculation with varying arguments.
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Mathematics
Mathematics (from Greek μάθημα máthēma, "knowledge, study, learning") is the study of such topics as quantity, structure, space, and change.
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Matrix exponential
In mathematics, the matrix exponential is a matrix function on square matrices analogous to the ordinary exponential function.
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Maximum likelihood estimation
In statistics, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a method of estimating the parameters of a statistical model, given observations.
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McGraw-Hill Education
McGraw-Hill Education (MHE) is a learning science company and one of the "big three" educational publishers that provides customized educational content, software, and services for pre-K through postgraduate education.
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Merge sort
In computer science, merge sort (also commonly spelled mergesort) is an efficient, general-purpose, comparison-based sorting algorithm.
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Minkowski–Bouligand dimension
Estimating the box-counting dimension of the coast of Great Britain In fractal geometry, the Minkowski–Bouligand dimension, also known as Minkowski dimension or box-counting dimension, is a way of determining the fractal dimension of a set S in a Euclidean space Rn, or more generally in a metric space (X, d).
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Molar concentration
Molar concentration (also called molarity, amount concentration or substance concentration) is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, in particular of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance per unit volume of solution.
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Moment magnitude scale
The moment magnitude scale (MMS; denoted as Mw or M) is one of many seismic magnitude scales used to measure the size of earthquakes.
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Monotonic function
In mathematics, a monotonic function (or monotone function) is a function between ordered sets that preserves or reverses the given order.
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Multiplication
Multiplication (often denoted by the cross symbol "×", by a point "⋅", by juxtaposition, or, on computers, by an asterisk "∗") is one of the four elementary mathematical operations of arithmetic; with the others being addition, subtraction and division.
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Multiplicative inverse
In mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/x or x−1, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1.
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Multivalued function
In mathematics, a multivalued function from a domain to a codomain is a heterogeneous relation.
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Music theory
Music theory is the study of the practices and possibilities of music.
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Nat (unit)
The natural unit of information (symbol: nat), sometimes also nit or nepit, is a unit of information or entropy, based on natural logarithms and powers of ''e'', rather than the powers of 2 and base 2 logarithms, which define the bit.
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Natural logarithm
The natural logarithm of a number is its logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant ''e'', where e is an irrational and transcendental number approximately equal to.
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Natural number
In mathematics, the natural numbers are those used for counting (as in "there are six coins on the table") and ordering (as in "this is the third largest city in the country").
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Nautilus
The nautilus (from the Latin form of the original ναυτίλος, 'sailor') is a pelagic marine mollusc of the cephalopod family Nautilidae, the sole extant family of the superfamily Nautilaceae and of its smaller but near equal suborder, Nautilina.
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Neighbourhood (mathematics)
In topology and related areas of mathematics, a neighbourhood (or neighborhood) is one of the basic concepts in a topological space.
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Nernst equation
In electrochemistry, the Nernst equation is an equation that relates the reduction potential of an electrochemical reaction (half-cell or full cell reaction) to the standard electrode potential, temperature, and activities (often approximated by concentrations) of the chemical species undergoing reduction and oxidation.
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Newton's method
In numerical analysis, Newton's method (also known as the Newton–Raphson method), named after Isaac Newton and Joseph Raphson, is a method for finding successively better approximations to the roots (or zeroes) of a real-valued function.
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Noise (electronics)
In electronics, noise is an unwanted disturbance in an electrical signal.
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Normal distribution
In probability theory, the normal (or Gaussian or Gauss or Laplace–Gauss) distribution is a very common continuous probability distribution.
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Nth root
In mathematics, an nth root of a number x, where n is usually assumed to be a positive integer, is a number r which, when raised to the power n yields x: where n is the degree of the root.
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Number theory
Number theory, or in older usage arithmetic, is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers.
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Numerical digit
A numerical digit is a single symbol (such as "2" or "5") used alone, or in combinations (such as "25"), to represent numbers (such as the number 25) according to some positional numeral systems.
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O'Reilly Media
O'Reilly Media (formerly O'Reilly & Associates) is an American media company established by Tim O'Reilly that publishes books and Web sites and produces conferences on computer technology topics.
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Octave
In music, an octave (octavus: eighth) or perfect octave is the interval between one musical pitch and another with half or double its frequency.
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Optics
Optics is the branch of physics which involves the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it.
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Origin (mathematics)
In mathematics, the origin of a Euclidean space is a special point, usually denoted by the letter O, used as a fixed point of reference for the geometry of the surrounding space.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.
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P-adic exponential function
In mathematics, particularly ''p''-adic analysis, the p-adic exponential function is a p-adic analogue of the usual exponential function on the complex numbers.
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Parametric model
In statistics, a parametric model or parametric family or finite-dimensional model is a family of distributions that can be described using a finite number of parameters.
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Paul Halmos
Paul Richard Halmos (Halmos Pál; March 3, 1916 – October 2, 2006) was a Hungarian-Jewish-born American mathematician who made fundamental advances in the areas of mathematical logic, probability theory, statistics, operator theory, ergodic theory, and functional analysis (in particular, Hilbert spaces).
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Peak signal-to-noise ratio
Peak signal-to-noise ratio, often abbreviated PSNR, is an engineering term for the ratio between the maximum possible power of a signal and the power of corrupting noise that affects the fidelity of its representation.
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Perception
Perception (from the Latin perceptio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information, or the environment.
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PH
In chemistry, pH is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.
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Photography
Photography is the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.
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Physics
Physics (from knowledge of nature, from φύσις phýsis "nature") is the natural science that studies matterAt the start of The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Richard Feynman offers the atomic hypothesis as the single most prolific scientific concept: "If, in some cataclysm, all scientific knowledge were to be destroyed one sentence what statement would contain the most information in the fewest words? I believe it is that all things are made up of atoms – little particles that move around in perpetual motion, attracting each other when they are a little distance apart, but repelling upon being squeezed into one another..." and its motion and behavior through space and time and that studies the related entities of energy and force."Physical science is that department of knowledge which relates to the order of nature, or, in other words, to the regular succession of events." Physics is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines, and its main goal is to understand how the universe behaves."Physics is one of the most fundamental of the sciences. Scientists of all disciplines use the ideas of physics, including chemists who study the structure of molecules, paleontologists who try to reconstruct how dinosaurs walked, and climatologists who study how human activities affect the atmosphere and oceans. Physics is also the foundation of all engineering and technology. No engineer could design a flat-screen TV, an interplanetary spacecraft, or even a better mousetrap without first understanding the basic laws of physics. (...) You will come to see physics as a towering achievement of the human intellect in its quest to understand our world and ourselves."Physics is an experimental science. Physicists observe the phenomena of nature and try to find patterns that relate these phenomena.""Physics is the study of your world and the world and universe around you." Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines and, through its inclusion of astronomy, perhaps the oldest. Over the last two millennia, physics, chemistry, biology, and certain branches of mathematics were a part of natural philosophy, but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century, these natural sciences emerged as unique research endeavors in their own right. Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research, such as biophysics and quantum chemistry, and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined. New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms studied by other sciences and suggest new avenues of research in academic disciplines such as mathematics and philosophy. Advances in physics often enable advances in new technologies. For example, advances in the understanding of electromagnetism and nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products that have dramatically transformed modern-day society, such as television, computers, domestic appliances, and nuclear weapons; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization; and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus.
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Pi
The number is a mathematical constant.
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Pierre-Simon Laplace
Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace (23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was a French scholar whose work was important to the development of mathematics, statistics, physics and astronomy.
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Pitch (music)
Pitch is a perceptual property of sounds that allows their ordering on a frequency-related scale, or more commonly, pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies.
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Polylogarithm
In mathematics, the polylogarithm (also known as '''Jonquière's function''', for Alfred Jonquière) is a special function Lis(z) of order s and argument z. Only for special values of s does the polylogarithm reduce to an elementary function such as the natural logarithm or rational functions.
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Power (physics)
In physics, power is the rate of doing work, the amount of energy transferred per unit time.
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Power law
In statistics, a power law is a functional relationship between two quantities, where a relative change in one quantity results in a proportional relative change in the other quantity, independent of the initial size of those quantities: one quantity varies as a power of another.
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Power series
In mathematics, a power series (in one variable) is an infinite series of the form where an represents the coefficient of the nth term and c is a constant.
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Prime number
A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers.
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Prime number theorem
In number theory, the prime number theorem (PNT) describes the asymptotic distribution of the prime numbers among the positive integers.
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Prime-counting function
In mathematics, the prime-counting function is the function counting the number of prime numbers less than or equal to some real number x. It is denoted by (x) (unrelated to the number pi).
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Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.
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Principal branch
In mathematics, a principal branch is a function which selects one branch ("slice") of a multi-valued function.
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Probability theory
Probability theory is the branch of mathematics concerned with probability.
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Product (mathematics)
In mathematics, a product is the result of multiplying, or an expression that identifies factors to be multiplied.
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Programming language
A programming language is a formal language that specifies a set of instructions that can be used to produce various kinds of output.
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Proportionality (mathematics)
In mathematics, two variables are proportional if there is always a constant ratio between them.
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Prosthaphaeresis
Prosthaphaeresis (from the Greek προσθαφαίρεσις) was an algorithm used in the late 16th century and early 17th century for approximate multiplication and division using formulas from trigonometry.
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Psychophysics
Psychophysics quantitatively investigates the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they produce.
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Public-key cryptography
Public-key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is any cryptographic system that uses pairs of keys: public keys which may be disseminated widely, and private keys which are known only to the owner.
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Quadrature (mathematics)
In mathematics, quadrature is a historical term which means determining area.
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Quicksort
Quicksort (sometimes called partition-exchange sort) is an efficient sorting algorithm, serving as a systematic method for placing the elements of an array in order.
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Radian
The radian (SI symbol rad) is the SI unit for measuring angles, and is the standard unit of angular measure used in many areas of mathematics.
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Random variable
In probability and statistics, a random variable, random quantity, aleatory variable, or stochastic variable is a variable whose possible values are outcomes of a random phenomenon.
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Ratio
In mathematics, a ratio is a relationship between two numbers indicating how many times the first number contains the second.
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Rational number
In mathematics, a rational number is any number that can be expressed as the quotient or fraction of two integers, a numerator and a non-zero denominator.
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Real number
In mathematics, a real number is a value of a continuous quantity that can represent a distance along a line.
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Recursion
Recursion occurs when a thing is defined in terms of itself or of its type.
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Richard Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman (May 11, 1918 – February 15, 1988) was an American theoretical physicist, known for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, and the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled liquid helium, as well as in particle physics for which he proposed the parton model.
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Richter magnitude scale
The so-called Richter magnitude scale – more accurately, Richter's magnitude scale, or just Richter magnitude – for measuring the strength ("size") of earthquakes refers to the original "magnitude scale" developed by Charles F. Richter and presented in his landmark 1935 paper, and later revised and renamed the Local magnitude scale, denoted as "ML" or "ML".
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Riemann hypothesis
In mathematics, the Riemann hypothesis is a conjecture that the Riemann zeta function has its zeros only at the negative even integers and complex numbers with real part.
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Riemann zeta function
The Riemann zeta function or Euler–Riemann zeta function,, is a function of a complex variable s that analytically continues the sum of the Dirichlet series which converges when the real part of is greater than 1.
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Scale invariance
In physics, mathematics, statistics, and economics, scale invariance is a feature of objects or laws that do not change if scales of length, energy, or other variables, are multiplied by a common factor, thus represent a universality.
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Scientific calculator
A scientific calculator is a type of electronic calculator, usually but not always handheld, designed to calculate problems in science, engineering, and mathematics.
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Scientific notation
Scientific notation (also referred to as scientific form or standard index form, or standard form in the UK) is a way of expressing numbers that are too big or too small to be conveniently written in decimal form.
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Self-similarity
In mathematics, a self-similar object is exactly or approximately similar to a part of itself (i.e. the whole has the same shape as one or more of the parts).
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Semi-log plot
In science and engineering, a semi-log graph or semi-log plot is a way of visualizing data that are related according to an exponential relationship.
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Semitone
A semitone, also called a half step or a half tone, is the smallest musical interval commonly used in Western tonal music, and it is considered the most dissonant when sounded harmonically.
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Sensation (psychology)
Sensation is the body's detection of external or internal stimulation (e.g., eyes detecting light waves, ears detecting sound waves).
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Series (mathematics)
In mathematics, a series is, roughly speaking, a description of the operation of adding infinitely many quantities, one after the other, to a given starting quantity.
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Sierpinski triangle
The Sierpinski triangle (also with the original orthography Sierpiński), also called the Sierpinski gasket or the Sierpinski Sieve, is a fractal and attractive fixed set with the overall shape of an equilateral triangle, subdivided recursively into smaller equilateral triangles.
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Signal
A signal as referred to in communication systems, signal processing, and electrical engineering is a function that "conveys information about the behavior or attributes of some phenomenon".
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Signal-to-noise ratio
Signal-to-noise ratio (abbreviated SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise.
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Significand
The significand (also mantissa or coefficient) is part of a number in scientific notation or a floating-point number, consisting of its significant digits.
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Sine
In mathematics, the sine is a trigonometric function of an angle.
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Slide rule
The slide rule, also known colloquially in the United States as a slipstick, is a mechanical analog computer.
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Slope
In mathematics, the slope or gradient of a line is a number that describes both the direction and the steepness of the line.
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Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
The Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) is an academic association dedicated to the use of mathematics in industry.
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Sound pressure
Sound pressure or acoustic pressure is the local pressure deviation from the ambient (average or equilibrium) atmospheric pressure, caused by a sound wave.
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Spectrometer
A spectrometer is a scientific instrument used to separate and measure spectral components of a physical phenomenon.
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Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.
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Springer Science+Business Media
Springer Science+Business Media or Springer, part of Springer Nature since 2015, is a global publishing company that publishes books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.
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Square root
In mathematics, a square root of a number a is a number y such that; in other words, a number y whose square (the result of multiplying the number by itself, or) is a. For example, 4 and −4 are square roots of 16 because.
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Statistical mechanics
Statistical mechanics is one of the pillars of modern physics.
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Statistical model
A statistical model is a mathematical model that embodies a set of statistical assumptions concerning the generation of some sample data and similar data from a larger population.
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Statistics
Statistics is a branch of mathematics dealing with the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data.
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Stevens's power law
Stevens's power law is a proposed relationship between the magnitude of a physical stimulus and its perceived intensity or strength.
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Stimulus (psychology)
In psychology, a stimulus is any object or event that elicits a sensory or behavioral response in an organism.
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Stirling's approximation
In mathematics, Stirling's approximation (or Stirling's formula) is an approximation for factorials.
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Subtraction
Subtraction is an arithmetic operation that represents the operation of removing objects from a collection.
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Summation
In mathematics, summation (capital Greek sigma symbol: ∑) is the addition of a sequence of numbers; the result is their sum or total.
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Super-logarithm
In mathematics, the super-logarithm (or tetra-logarithm) is one of the two inverse functions of tetration.
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Surveying
Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, and science of determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them.
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Tangent
In geometry, the tangent line (or simply tangent) to a plane curve at a given point is the straight line that "just touches" the curve at that point.
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Tangent space
In mathematics, the tangent space of a manifold facilitates the generalization of vectors from affine spaces to general manifolds, since in the latter case one cannot simply subtract two points to obtain a vector that gives the displacement of the one point from the other.
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Taylor series
In mathematics, a Taylor series is a representation of a function as an infinite sum of terms that are calculated from the values of the function's derivatives at a single point.
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Tetration
In mathematics, tetration (or hyper-4) is the next hyperoperation after exponentiation, and is defined as iterated exponentiation.
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The Art of Computer Programming
The Art of Computer Programming (sometimes known by its initials TAOCP) is a comprehensive monograph written by Donald Knuth that covers many kinds of programming algorithms and their analysis.
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The College Mathematics Journal
The College Mathematics Journal, published by the Mathematical Association of America, is an expository journal aimed at teachers of college mathematics, particular those teaching the first two years.
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The Quadrature of the Parabola
The Quadrature of the Parabola (Τετραγωνισμὸς παραβολῆς) is a treatise on geometry, written by Archimedes in the 3rd century BC.
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Thermodynamic activity
In chemical thermodynamics, activity (symbol) is a measure of the "effective concentration" of a species in a mixture, in the sense that the species' chemical potential depends on the activity of a real solution in the same way that it would depend on concentration for an ideal solution.
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Time complexity
In computer science, the time complexity is the computational complexity that describes the amount of time it takes to run an algorithm.
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Transcendental function
A transcendental function is an analytic function that does not satisfy a polynomial equation, in contrast to an algebraic function.
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Transcendental number
In mathematics, a transcendental number is a real or complex number that is not algebraic—that is, it is not a root of a nonzero polynomial equation with integer (or, equivalently, rational) coefficients.
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Trigonometric functions
In mathematics, the trigonometric functions (also called circular functions, angle functions or goniometric functions) are functions of an angle.
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Tritone
In music theory, the tritone is defined as a musical interval composed of three adjacent whole tones.
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Tsiolkovsky rocket equation
The Tsiolkovsky rocket equation, classical rocket equation, or ideal rocket equation, describes the motion of vehicles that follow the basic principle of a rocket: a device that can apply acceleration to itself using thrust by expelling part of its mass with high velocity and thereby move due to the conservation of momentum.
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Turn (geometry)
A turn is a unit of plane angle measurement equal to 2pi radians, 360 degrees or 400 gradians.
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Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics
Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics (UTM) is a series of undergraduate-level textbooks in mathematics published by Springer-Verlag.
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Unit of measurement
A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by convention or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same kind of quantity.
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Voltage
Voltage, electric potential difference, electric pressure or electric tension (formally denoted or, but more often simply as V or U, for instance in the context of Ohm's or Kirchhoff's circuit laws) is the difference in electric potential between two points.
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Weber–Fechner law
The Weber–Fechner law refers to two related laws in the field of psychophysics, known as Weber's law and Fechner's law.
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William Oughtred
William Oughtred (5 March 1574 – 30 June 1660) was an English mathematician and Anglican clergyman.
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Wolfram Mathematica
Wolfram Mathematica (usually termed Mathematica) is a modern technical computing system spanning most areas of technical computing — including neural networks, machine learning, image processing, geometry, data science, visualizations, and others.
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Wolfram Research
Wolfram Research is a private company that creates computational technology.
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World Scientific
World Scientific Publishing is an academic publisher of scientific, technical, and medical books and journals headquartered in Singapore.
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Zech's logarithm
Zech logarithms are used to implement addition in finite fields when elements are represented as powers of a generator \alpha.
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Zeros and poles
In mathematics, a zero of a function is a value such that.
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72 equal temperament
In music, 72 equal temperament, called twelfth-tone, 72-tet, 72-edo, or 72-et, is the tempered scale derived by dividing the octave into twelfth-tones, or in other words 72 equal steps (equal frequency ratios).
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Anti-Logarithm, Anti-logarithm, Antilog, Antilogarithm, Base of a logarithm, Binary antilogarithm, Change of base rule, Common antilogarithm, Decadic antilogarithm, Decimal antilogarithm, Double logarithm, General antilogarithm, Generic logarithm, Log (function), Log (mathematics), Log function, Log(x), Log-transform, Logarhythm, Logarithim, Logarithm Table in Trigonometry, Logarithm base, Logarithm function, Logarithm of a number, Logarithmand, Logarithmic algorithm, Logarithmic function, Logarithmic functions, Logarithmically, Logarithms, Logarithmus, Logaritm, Logathrims, Logrithm, Napier logarithm, Natural antilogarithm.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm