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Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Index Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), also known as the Gates Foundation, is a private foundation founded by Bill and Melinda Gates. [1]

214 relations: Addis Ababa University, Advocacy, Africa, Allan Golston, Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa, Alliance for Financial Inclusion, Arcos Dorados Holdings, Asset, Astroturfing, AutoNation, Bactericide, Barack Obama, Berkshire Hathaway, Bill Gates, Biochar, Bloomberg News, Bono, BP, Bruce Chapman, Canadian National Railway, Capacity building, CARE (relief agency), Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Caterpillar Inc., Cebu, Charter schools in the United States, Christopher Elias, Clinton Foundation, Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Combustion, Common Core State Standards Initiative, Computer History Museum, Cornell University, Corporate social responsibility, Crown Castle International Corp., Davos, Discovery Institute, Disease burden, Drinking water, Duke University, Ebola virus disease, Education, Eli Broad, Emory University, Ethiopia, Every Student Succeeds Act, ExxonMobil, Faculty of 1000, Fecal sludge management, ..., Feces, FedEx, FEMSA, Financial Access Initiative, Financial endowment, Flush toilet, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, French Development Agency, Gates Cambridge Scholarship, Gates Millennium Scholars Program, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, Germany, Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Golden rice, Grameen Foundation, Grand Challenges In Global Health, Green Revolution, Gulf Coast of the United States, Health care, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hillary Clinton, HIV/AIDS, Human nutrition, Human waste, Hurricane Katrina, Hurricane Rita, Improved sanitation, Indira Gandhi Prize, Intelligent design, Internal Revenue Service, International Aid Transparency Initiative, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Development Association, International Food Policy Research Institute, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, International Justice Mission, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, International Rescue Committee, International Rice Research Institute, Japan, Japanese encephalitis, Johns Hopkins University, Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, Latin America, Liberty Global, List of wealthiest charitable foundations, London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases, Los Angeles Times, Lyrasis, Malaria, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, McDonald's, Measles, Medicines for Malaria Venture, Melinda Gates, Mercy Corps, Microcredit, Microsoft, Millennium Development Goals, Monitoring and evaluation, Neglected tropical diseases, Norway, Nutrient, Off-the-grid, Official development assistance, Omni Processor, Open access, Open defecation, Open science data, Open-access mandate, Padma Bhushan, Paris, PATH (global health organization), Pathogen, Philanthropy, Philippines, Planned Parenthood, Poliomyelitis, Poliomyelitis eradication, Population Services International, Poverty, Pratibha Patil, President of India, President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, Presidential Medal of Freedom, Princess of Asturias Awards, Private foundation, Pro Mujer, Ray and Maria Stata Center, Republic Services, Resource recovery, Return on investment, Reuse of excreta, Rhodes Scholarship, Rifampicin, Rockefeller Foundation, Rotary Foundation, Royal Dutch Shell, RTI International, Sanitary sewer, Sanitation, Save the Children, Scholarship, Seattle, Sex trafficking, Share (finance), Social enterprise, Social entrepreneurship, Social responsibility, Strong American Schools, Susan Desmond-Hellmann, Sustainable sanitation, Tax exemption, TB Alliance, Teaching Channel, Televisa, The Children's Investment Fund Foundation, The Coca-Cola Company, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, The Guardian, The Tech (newspaper), Time (magazine), Time Person of the Year, Toilet, Tuberculosis, U.S. Fund for UNICEF, UNCF, UNICEF, Unitaid, United Kingdom, United Nations Foundation, United States, United States Agency for International Development, United States dollar, University of California, San Francisco, University of Cambridge, University of Colorado Boulder, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University of Oxford, University of Texas at Austin, University of Washington, University of Washington Department of Global Health, University of Washington School of Law, University Scholars Program, Vaccine, Venture philanthropy, Visceral leishmaniasis, Vitamin A deficiency, Walmart, Warren Buffett, WASH, Waste Management (corporation), Water supply, Wellcome Trust, William H. Gates Sr., World Conference on Women, 1995, World Economic Forum, World Health Organization, World Vision International, 1,000,000,000, 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, 2005 Kashmir earthquake, 501(c)(3) organization. Expand index (164 more) »

Addis Ababa University

Addis Ababa University (አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርሲቲ) is a state university in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia.

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Advocacy

Advocacy is an activity by an individual or group which aims to influence decisions within political, economic, and social systems and institutions.

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Africa

Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (behind Asia in both categories).

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Allan Golston

Allan Golston is the president of the United States Program at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa

Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) is an organization dealing with agricultural products in Africa.

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Alliance for Financial Inclusion

The Alliance for Financial Inclusion (AFI) is a network of financial inclusion policymakers.

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Arcos Dorados Holdings

Arcos Dorados Holdings Inc.

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Asset

In financial accounting, an asset is an economic resource.

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Astroturfing

Astroturfing is the practice of masking the sponsors of a message or organization (e.g., political, advertising, religious or public relations) to make it appear as though it originates from and is supported by a grassroots participant(s).

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AutoNation

AutoNation is an American automotive retailer, which provides new and pre-owned vehicles and associated services in the United States.

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Bactericide

A bactericide or bacteriocide, sometimes abbreviated Bcidal, is a substance that kills bacteria.

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Barack Obama

Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009, to January 20, 2017.

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Berkshire Hathaway

Berkshire Hathaway Inc. is an American multinational conglomerate holding company headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska, United States.

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Bill Gates

William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, humanitarian, and principal founder of Microsoft Corporation.

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Biochar

Biochar is charcoal used as a soil amendment.

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Bloomberg News

Bloomberg News is an international news agency headquartered in New York, United States and a division of Bloomberg L.P. Content produced by Bloomberg News is disseminated through Bloomberg Terminals, Bloomberg Television, Bloomberg Radio, Bloomberg Businessweek, Bloomberg Markets, Bloomberg.com and Bloomberg's mobile platforms.

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Bono

Paul David Hewson, KBE OL (born 10 May 1960), known by his stage name Bono, is an Irish singer-songwriter, musician, venture capitalist, businessman, and philanthropist.

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BP

BP plc (stylised as bp), formerly British Petroleum, is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London, England.

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Bruce Chapman

Bruce Kerry Chapman (born December 1, 1940) is the director and founder of the Discovery Institute, an American conservative think tank often associated with the religious right.

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Canadian National Railway

The Canadian National Railway Company (Compagnie des chemins de fer nationaux du Canada) is a Canadian Class I freight railway headquartered in Montreal, Quebec that serves Canada and the Midwestern and Southern United States.

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Capacity building

Capacity building (or capacity development) is the process by which individuals and organizations obtain, improve, and retain the skills, knowledge, tools, equipment and other resources needed to do their jobs competently or to a greater capacity (larger scale, larger audience, larger impact, etc).

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CARE (relief agency)

CARE (Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, formerly Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe) is a major international humanitarian agency delivering emergency relief and long-term international development projects.

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Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science

The School of Computer Science (SCS) at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US is a leading private school for computer science established in 1988.

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Carnegie Mellon University

Carnegie Mellon University (commonly known as CMU) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

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Caterpillar Inc.

Caterpillar Inc. is an American Fortune 100 corporation which designs, develops, engineers, manufactures, markets and sells machinery, engines, financial products and insurance to customers via a worldwide dealer network.

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Cebu

Cebu (Lalawigan sa Sugbu; Lalawigan ng Cebu) is a province of the Philippines located in the region, and consisting of a main island and 167 surrounding islands and islets.

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Charter schools in the United States

Charter schools in the United States are primary or secondary education institutions that do not charge fees to pupils who take state-mandated exams.

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Christopher Elias

Christopher J. Elias is the former president and CEO of the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health, also known as PATH, a nonprofit organization that improves global health by ensuring that innovations in science and technology are available to low income groups and developing countries.

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Clinton Foundation

The Clinton Foundation (founded in 1997 as the William J. Clinton Foundation), and from 2013 to 2015, briefly renamed the Bill, Hillary & Chelsea Clinton Foundation) is a non-profit organization under section 501(c)(3) of the U.S. tax code. It was established by former President of the United States Bill Clinton with the stated mission to "strengthen the capacity of people in the United States and throughout the world to meet the challenges of global interdependence." Its offices are located in New York City and Little Rock, Arkansas. Through 2016 the foundation had raised an estimated $2 billion from U.S. corporations, foreign governments and corporations, political donors, and various other groups and individuals. The acceptance of funds from wealthy donors has been a source of controversy. The foundation "has won accolades from philanthropy experts and has drawn bipartisan support". Charitable grants are not a major focus of the Clinton Foundation, which instead uses most of its money to carry out its own humanitarian programs. This foundation is a public organization to which anyone may donate and is distinct from the Clinton Family Foundation, a private organization for personal Clinton family philanthropy. According to the Clinton Foundation's website, neither Bill Clinton nor his daughter, Chelsea Clinton (both are members of the governing board), draws any salary or receives any income from the Foundation. When Hillary Clinton was a board member she reportedly also received no income from the Foundation.

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Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations

CEPI, Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, is a "public-private coalition that aims to derail epidemics by speeding up the development of vaccines" The concept is to develop early phases of vaccines without knowing the details for the form in which the infection will appear, but will still cut down the time to tailor the eventual vaccine to be effective to the epidemic.

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Combustion

Combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.

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Common Core State Standards Initiative

The Common Core State Standards Initiative is an educational initiative from 2010 that details what K–12 students throughout the United States should know in English language arts and mathematics at the conclusion of each school grade.

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Computer History Museum

The Computer History Museum (CHM) is a museum established in 1996 in Mountain View, California, US.

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Cornell University

Cornell University is a private and statutory Ivy League research university located in Ithaca, New York.

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Corporate social responsibility

Corporate social responsibility (CSR, also called corporate sustainability, sustainable business, corporate conscience, corporate citizenship or responsible business) is a type of international private business self-regulation.

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Crown Castle International Corp.

Crown Castle International Corp. is an American corporation headquartered in Houston, Texas, which provides infrastructure for broadcasting, mobile telephony and wireless broadband including small cell, traditional cell sites, rooftop sites and indoor/outdoor distributed antenna systems.

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Davos

Davos (German pronunciation; Tavau, archaic Italian: Tavate) is an Alpine town, and a municipality in the Prättigau/Davos Region in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland.

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Discovery Institute

The Discovery Institute (DI) is a politically conservative non-profit think tank based in Seattle, Washington, that advocates the pseudoscientific principle Article available from of intelligent design (ID).

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Disease burden

Disease burden is the impact of a health problem as measured by financial cost, mortality, morbidity, or other indicators.

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Drinking water

Drinking water, also known as potable water, is water that is safe to drink or to use for food preparation.

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Duke University

Duke University is a private, non-profit, research university located in Durham, North Carolina.

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Ebola virus disease

Ebola virus disease (EVD), also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) or simply Ebola, is a viral hemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses.

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Education

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.

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Eli Broad

Eli Broad (born June 6, 1933) is an American entrepreneur and philanthropist.

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Emory University

Emory University is a private research university in the Druid Hills neighborhood of the city of Atlanta, Georgia, United States.

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Ethiopia

Ethiopia (ኢትዮጵያ), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ, yeʾĪtiyoṗṗya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk), is a country located in the Horn of Africa.

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Every Student Succeeds Act

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is a US law passed in December 2015 that governs the United States K–12 public education policy.

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ExxonMobil

Exxon Mobil Corporation, doing business as ExxonMobil, is an American multinational oil and gas corporation headquartered in Irving, Texas.

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Faculty of 1000

Faculty of 1000 (abbreviated F1000) is a publisher of services for life scientists and clinical researchers.

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Fecal sludge management

Fecal sludge management (FSM) (or faecal sludge management in British English) is the collection, transport, and treatment of fecal sludge from pit latrines, septic tanks or other onsite sanitation systems.

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Feces

Feces (or faeces) are the solid or semisolid remains of the food that could not be digested in the small intestine.

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FedEx

FedEx Corporation is an American multinational courier delivery services company headquartered in Memphis, Tennessee.

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FEMSA

Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V., doing business as FEMSA, is a Mexican multinational beverage and retail company headquartered in Monterrey, Mexico.

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Financial Access Initiative

The Financial Access Initiative (FAI) is an American consortium, established in 2006, of researchers at New York University (NYU), Yale University, Harvard University and Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) focused on finding answers to how financial sectors can better meet the needs of poor households.

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Financial endowment

A financial endowment is a donation of money or property to a nonprofit organization for the ongoing support of that organization.

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Flush toilet

A flush toilet (also known as a flushing toilet, flush lavatory, or water closet (WC)) is a toilet that disposes of human excreta (urine and feces) by using water to flush it through a drainpipe to another location for disposal, thus maintaining a separation between humans and their excreta.

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Foundation for the National Institutes of Health

The Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) is a not-for-profit, 501(c)(3) charitable organization established by the U.S. Congress in 1990.

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French Development Agency

French Development Agency (Agence française de développement, AFD) is a public financial institution that implements the policy defined by the French Government.

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Gates Cambridge Scholarship

The Gates Cambridge Scholarships were established by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation with a $210 million endowment to enable outstanding graduate students from all around the world to study at the University of Cambridge.

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Gates Millennium Scholars Program

The Gates Millennium Scholars (GMS) Program is an academic scholarship award and program for higher education, available to high-achieving ethnic minority students in the United States.

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Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance

Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance (Gavi for short; previously the GAVI Alliance, and before that the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization) is a public–private global health partnership committed to increasing access to immunisation in poor countries.

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GeneXpert MTB/RIF

The Xpert MTB/RIF is a cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) for simultaneous rapid tuberculosis diagnosis and rapid antibiotic sensitivity test.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition

The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) is an independent non-profit foundation based in Geneva, Switzerland.

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Golden rice

"cultivar"/"strain".

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Grameen Foundation

Grameen Foundation, founded as Grameen Foundation USA, is a global 501(c)(3) non-profit organization based in Washington DC that works to help poor families increase their income, build their financial security, and protect their health using innovative, technology-based approaches and local partner networks.

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Grand Challenges In Global Health

The Grand Challenges in Global Health (GCGH) is a research initiative launched by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in search of solutions to health problems in the developing world.

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Green Revolution

The Green Revolution, or Third Agricultural Revolution, refers to a set of research and the development of technology transfer initiatives occurring between the 1930s and the late 1960s (with prequels in the work of the agrarian geneticist Nazareno Strampelli in the 1920s and 1930s), that increased agricultural production worldwide, particularly in the developing world, beginning most markedly in the late 1960s.

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Gulf Coast of the United States

The Gulf Coast of the United States is the coastline along which the Southern United States meets the Gulf of Mexico.

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Health care

Health care or healthcare is the maintenance or improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in human beings.

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Hebrew University of Jerusalem

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (האוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים, Ha-Universita ha-Ivrit bi-Yerushalayim; الجامعة العبرية في القدس, Al-Jami'ah al-Ibriyyah fi al-Quds; abbreviated HUJI) is Israel's second oldest university, established in 1918, 30 years before the establishment of the State of Israel.

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Hillary Clinton

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is an American politician and diplomat who served as the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013, and the Democratic Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election.

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HIV/AIDS

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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Human nutrition

Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.

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Human waste

Human waste (or human excreta) is a waste type usually used to refer to byproducts of digestion, such as feces and urine.

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Hurricane Katrina

Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly Category 5 hurricane that caused catastrophic damage along the Gulf coast from central Florida to Texas, much of it due to the storm surge and levee failure.

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Hurricane Rita

Hurricane Rita was the fourth-most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded and the most intense tropical cyclone ever observed in the Gulf of Mexico.

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Improved sanitation

Improved sanitation is a term used to categorize types or levels of sanitation for monitoring purposes.

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Indira Gandhi Prize

The Indira Gandhi Prize or the Indira Gandhi Peace Prize or the Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development is the prestigious award accorded annually by Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust dated 18 November 2015, accessed 19 November 2017.

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Intelligent design

Intelligent design (ID) is a religious argument for the existence of God, presented by its proponents as "an evidence-based scientific theory about life's origins",Numbers 2006, p. 373; " captured headlines for its bold attempt to rewrite the basic rules of science and its claim to have found indisputable evidence of a God-like being.

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Internal Revenue Service

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is the revenue service of the United States federal government.

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International Aid Transparency Initiative

The International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI) is a global campaign to create transparency in the records of how aid money is spent.

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International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is an international financial institution that offers loans to middle-income developing countries.

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International Development Association

The International Development Association (IDA) is an international financial institution which offers concessional loans and grants to the world's poorest developing countries.

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International Food Policy Research Institute

The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) is an international agricultural research center founded in the early 1970s to improve the understanding of national agricultural and food policies to promote the adoption of innovations in agricultural technology.

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International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) works with partners to enhance crop quality and productivity, reduce producer and consumer risks, and generate wealth from agriculture, with the ultimate goals of reducing hunger, malnutrition, and poverty.

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International Justice Mission

International Justice Mission is an international, non-governmental 501(c)(3) organization focused on human rights, law and law enforcement.

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International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center

The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (known by its Spanish acronym CIMMYT for Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo) is a non-profit research and training institution dedicated to both the development of improved varieties of wheat and maize with the aim of contributing to food security, and the introduction of improved agricultural practices to smallholder farmers to help boost production, prevent crop disease and improve their livelihoods.

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International Rescue Committee

The International Rescue Committee (IRC) is a global humanitarian aid, relief, and development nongovernmental organization.

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International Rice Research Institute

The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) is an international agricultural research and training organization with headquarters in Los Baños, Laguna in the Philippines and offices in seventeen countries with ~1,300 staff.

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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Japanese encephalitis

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV).

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Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins University is an American private research university in Baltimore, Maryland.

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Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation

The Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation by WHO and UNICEF is the official United Nations mechanism tasked with monitoring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal Number 6 (SDG6) since 2016.

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Latin America

Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere where Spanish, French and Portuguese are spoken; it is broader than the terms Ibero-America or Hispanic America.

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Liberty Global

Liberty Global is an American international telecommunications and television company.

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List of wealthiest charitable foundations

This is a list of wealthiest charitable foundations worldwide.

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London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases

The London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases is a collaborative disease eradication programme launched on 30 January 2012 in London.

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Los Angeles Times

The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper which has been published in Los Angeles, California since 1881.

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Lyrasis

LYRASIS was created in April 2009 from the merger of SOLINET and PALINET, two US based library networks.

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Malaria

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

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McDonald's

McDonald's is an American fast food company, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.

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Measles

Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus.

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Medicines for Malaria Venture

Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), a not-for-profit public-private partnership, was established as a foundation in Switzerland in 1999.

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Melinda Gates

Melinda Ann Gates (née French; born August 15, 1964) is an American philanthropist.

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Mercy Corps

Mercy Corps is a global non-governmental, humanitarian aid organization operating in transitional contexts that have undergone, or have been undergoing, various forms of economic, environmental, social and political instabilities.

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Microcredit

Microcredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to impoverished borrowers who typically lack collateral, steady employment, or a verifiable credit history.

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Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation (abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.

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Millennium Development Goals

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were the eight international development goals for the year 2015 that had been established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration.

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Monitoring and evaluation

Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) is a process that helps improve performance and achieve results.

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Neglected tropical diseases

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of tropical infections which are especially common in low-income populations in developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas.

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Norway

Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.

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Nutrient

A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce.

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Off-the-grid

Off-the-grid is a system and lifestyle designed to help people function without the support of remote infrastructure, such as an electrical grid.

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Official development assistance

Official development assistance (ODA) is a term coined by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to measure aid.

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Omni Processor

Omni Processor is a name proposed by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for a group of physical, biological or chemical treatment processes to process fecal sludge – a mixture of human excreta and water – in developing countries.

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Open access

Open access (OA) refers to research outputs which are distributed online and free of cost or other barriers, and possibly with the addition of a Creative Commons license to promote reuse.

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Open defecation

Open defecation is the human practice of defecating outside (in the open environment) rather than into a toilet.

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Open science data

Open science data is a type of open data focused on publishing observations and results of scientific activities available for anyone to analyze and reuse.

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Open-access mandate

An open-access mandate is a policy adopted by a research institution, research funder, or government which requires researchers—usually university faculty or research staff and/or research grant recipients—to make their published, peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers open access (1) by self-archiving their final, peer-reviewed drafts in a freely accessible institutional repository or disciplinary repository ("Green OA") or (2) by publishing them in an open-access journal ("Gold OA") or both.

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Padma Bhushan

The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India, preceded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan and followed by the Padma Shri.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.

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PATH (global health organization)

PATH (formerly the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health) is an international, nonprofit global health organization based in Seattle, with 1,600 employees in more than 70+ offices around the world.

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Pathogen

In biology, a pathogen (πάθος pathos "suffering, passion" and -γενής -genēs "producer of") or a '''germ''' in the oldest and broadest sense is anything that can produce disease; the term came into use in the 1880s.

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Philanthropy

Philanthropy means the love of humanity.

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Philippines

The Philippines (Pilipinas or Filipinas), officially the Republic of the Philippines (Republika ng Pilipinas), is a unitary sovereign and archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.

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Planned Parenthood

Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. (PPFA), or Planned Parenthood, is a nonprofit organization that provides reproductive health care in the United States and globally.

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Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus.

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Poliomyelitis eradication

Poliomyelitis eradication refers to a permanent elimination of all cases of poliomyelitis (polio) infection around the world.

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Population Services International

Population Services International (PSI) is a 501(c)(3) registered nonprofit global health organization with programs targeting malaria, child survival, HIV, and reproductive health.

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Poverty

Poverty is the scarcity or the lack of a certain (variant) amount of material possessions or money.

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Pratibha Patil

Pratibha Rao Patil (born 19 December 1934) is an Indian politician who served as the 12th President of India from 2007 to 2012.

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President of India

The President of the Republic of India is the head of state of India and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces.

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President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief

The President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief (PEPFAR/Emergency Plan) is a United States governmental initiative to address the global HIV/AIDS epidemic and help save the lives of those suffering from the disease, primarily in Africa.

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Presidential Medal of Freedom

The Presidential Medal of Freedom is an award bestowed by the President of the United States and is—along with the comparable Congressional Gold Medal—the highest civilian award of the United States.

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Princess of Asturias Awards

The Princess of Asturias Awards (Premios Princesa de Asturias, Premios Princesa d'Asturies), formerly the Prince of Asturias Awards from 1981–2014 (Premios Príncipe de Asturias) are a series of annual prizes awarded in Spain by the Princess of Asturias Foundation (previously the Prince of Asturias Foundation) to individuals, entities or organizations from around the world who make notable achievements in the sciences, humanities, and public affairs.

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Private foundation

A private foundation is a legal entity set up by an individual, a family or a group of individuals, for a purpose such as philanthropy or other legal economic object.

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Pro Mujer

Pro Mujer is a nonprofit development organization that provides financial inclusion, health and education programs to low-income women in Latin America.

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Ray and Maria Stata Center

The Ray and Maria Stata Center or Building 32 is a academic complex designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Frank Gehry for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

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Republic Services

Republic Services, Inc is the second largest provider of non-hazardous solid waste collection, transfer, disposal, recycling, and energy services in the United States, as measured by revenue.

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Resource recovery

Resource recovery is using wastes as an input material to create valuable products as new outputs.

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Return on investment

Return on investment (ROI) is the ratio between the net profit and cost of investment resulting from an investment of some resource.

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Reuse of excreta

Reuse of excreta (or re-use or use of excreta) refers to the safe, beneficial use of animal or human excreta, i.e. feces (or faeces in British English) and urine.

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Rhodes Scholarship

The Rhodes Scholarship, named after the Anglo-South African mining magnate and politician Cecil John Rhodes, is an international postgraduate award for students to study at the University of Oxford.

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Rifampicin

Rifampicin, also known as rifampin, is an antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, leprosy, and Legionnaire's disease.

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Rockefeller Foundation

The Rockefeller Foundation is a private foundation based at 420 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

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Rotary Foundation

The Rotary Foundation is a non-profit corporation that supports the efforts of Rotary International to achieve world understanding and peace through international humanitarian, educational, and cultural exchange programs.

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Royal Dutch Shell

Royal Dutch Shell plc, commonly known as Shell, is a British–Dutch multinational oil and gas company headquartered in the Netherlands and incorporated in the United Kingdom.

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RTI International

RTI International (formerly Research Triangle Institute) is a nonprofit organization headquartered in the Research Triangle Park in North Carolina that provides research and technical services.

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Sanitary sewer

A sanitary sewer or "foul sewer" is an underground carriage system specifically for transporting sewage from houses and commercial buildings through pipes to treatment facilities or disposal.

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Sanitation

Sanitation refers to public health conditions related to clean drinking water and adequate treatment and disposal of human excreta and sewage.

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Save the Children

The Save the Children Fund, commonly known as Save the Children, is an international non-governmental organisation that promotes children's rights, provides relief and helps support children in developing countries.

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Scholarship

A scholarship is an award of financial aid for a student to further their education.

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Seattle

Seattle is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States.

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Sex trafficking

Sex trafficking is human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation, including sexual slavery.

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Share (finance)

In financial markets, a share is a unit used as mutual funds, limited partnerships, and real estate investment trusts.

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Social enterprise

A social enterprise is an organization that applies commercial strategies to maximize improvements in financial, social and environmental well-being—this may include maximizing social impact alongside profits for external shareholders.

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Social entrepreneurship

Social entrepreneurship is the use of start-up companies and other entrepreneurs to develop, fund and implement solutions to social, cultural, or environmental issues.

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Social responsibility

Social responsibility is an ethical framework and suggests that an entity, be it an organization or individual, has an obligation to act for the benefit of society at large.

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Strong American Schools

Strong American Schools, a project of Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors, is a nonprofit organization supported by The Eli and Edythe Broad Foundation and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation that seeks to promote sound education policies for all Americans.

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Susan Desmond-Hellmann

Susan Desmond-Hellmann, MD, MPH, is an oncologist and biotechnology leader who is the Chief Executive Officer of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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Sustainable sanitation

Sustainable sanitation is a sanitation system designed to meet certain criteria and to work well over the long-term.

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Tax exemption

Tax exemption is a monetary exemption which reduces taxable income.

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TB Alliance

The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development (TB Alliance) is a not-for-profit product development partnership dedicated to the discovery and development of new, faster-acting and affordable tuberculosis medicines.

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Teaching Channel

Launched in 2011, Teaching Channel is a multi-platform service delivering professional development videos for teachers over the Internet.

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Televisa

Grupo Televisa, S.A.B. is a Mexican multimedia mass media company and the largest in Hispanic America and the Spanish-speaking world.

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The Children's Investment Fund Foundation

The Children's Investment Fund Foundation (UK) (CIFF) is a large charitable organization headquartered in London with offices in Nairobi and New Delhi.

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The Coca-Cola Company

The Coca-Cola Company is an American corporation, and manufacturer, retailer, and marketer of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups.

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The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria

The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (or simply the Global Fund) is an international financing organization that aims to "ttract and disburse additional resources to prevent and treat HIV and AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria." A public-private partnership, the organization maintains its secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Tech (newspaper)

The Tech, first published on November 16, 1881, is the campus newspaper at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Time (magazine)

Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.

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Time Person of the Year

Person of the Year (called Man of the Year or Woman of the Year until 1999) is an annual issue of the United States news magazine Time that features and profiles a person, a group, an idea, or an object that "for better or for worse...

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Toilet

A toilet is a piece of hardware used for the collection or disposal of human urine and feces.

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Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).

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U.S. Fund for UNICEF

The United States Fund for UNICEF - also known as UNICEF USA - is the United States non-profit, non-governmental organization (NGO) that supports the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).

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UNCF

UNCF, the United Negro College Fund, also known as the United Fund, is an American philanthropic organization that funds scholarships for black students and general scholarship funds for 37 private historically black colleges and universities.

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UNICEF

The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) is a United Nations (UN) program headquartered in New York City that provides humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries.

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Unitaid

Unitaid is a global health initiative that is working with partners to end the world's tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, malaria and hepatitis C epidemics.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United Nations Foundation

The United Nations Foundation was launched in 1998 with a $1 billion gift from Ted Turner to support the United Nations causes.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Agency for International Development

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance.

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United States dollar

The United States dollar (sign: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ and referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, or American dollar) is the official currency of the United States and its insular territories per the United States Constitution since 1792.

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University of California, San Francisco

The University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), is a research university located in San Francisco, California and part of the University of California system.

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University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University)The corporate title of the university is The Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the University of Cambridge.

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University of Colorado Boulder

The University of Colorado Boulder (commonly referred to as CU or Colorado) is a public research university located in Boulder, Colorado, United States.

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University of KwaZulu-Natal

The University of KwaZulu-Natal or UKZN is a university with five campuses in the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.

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University of Oxford

The University of Oxford (formally The Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford) is a collegiate research university located in Oxford, England.

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University of Texas at Austin

The University of Texas at Austin (UT, UT Austin, or Texas) is a public research university and the flagship institution of the University of Texas System.

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University of Washington

The University of Washington (commonly referred to as UW, simply Washington, or informally U-Dub) is a public research university in Seattle, Washington.

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University of Washington Department of Global Health

The University of Washington Department of Global Health is a department jointly run by the schools of Medicine and Public Health at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington.

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University of Washington School of Law

The University of Washington School of Law is the law school of the University of Washington, located on the northwest corner of the main campus in Seattle, Washington.

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University Scholars Program

The University Scholars Program (USP) is an interdisciplinary, intergenerational community of scholars at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina.

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Vaccine

A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.

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Venture philanthropy

Venture philanthropy is a type of impact investment that takes concepts and techniques from venture capital finance and business management and applies them to achieving philanthropic goals.

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Visceral leishmaniasis

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, black fever, and Dumdum fever, is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and, without proper diagnosis and treatment, is associated with high fatality.

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Vitamin A deficiency

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) or hypovitaminosis A is a lack of vitamin A in blood and tissues.

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Walmart

Walmart Inc. (formerly branded as Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.) is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores.

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Warren Buffett

Warren Edward Buffett (born August 30, 1930) is an American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist who serves as the chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway.

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WASH

WASH (or Watsan, WaSH) is an acronym that stands for "water, sanitation and hygiene".

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Waste Management (corporation)

Waste Management, Inc. is an American waste management, comprehensive waste, and environmental services company in North America.

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Water supply

Water supply is the provision of water by public utilities commercial organisations, community endeavors or by individuals, usually via a system of pumps and pipes.

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Wellcome Trust

The Wellcome Trust is a biomedical research charity based in London, United Kingdom.

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William H. Gates Sr.

William Henry Gates II (born November 30, 1925), better known as Bill Gates Sr., is a retired American attorney and philanthropist and author of the book Showing Up for Life: Thoughts on the Gifts of a Lifetime.

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World Conference on Women, 1995

The Fourth World Conference on Women: Action for Equality, Development and Peace was the name given for a conference convened by the United Nations during 4–15 September 1995 in Beijing, China.

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World Economic Forum

The World Economic Forum (WEF) is a Swiss nonprofit foundation, based in Cologny, Geneva, Switzerland.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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World Vision International

World Vision International is an Evangelical Christian humanitarian aid, development, and advocacy organization.

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1,000,000,000

1,000,000,000 (one billion, short scale; one thousand million or milliard, yard, long scale) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001.

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2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami

The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.

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2005 Kashmir earthquake

The 2005 Kashmir earthquake occurred at on 8 October in Pakistan administered areas of Kashmir.

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501(c)(3) organization

A 501(c)(3) organization is a corporation, trust, unincorporated association, or other type of organization exempt from federal income tax under section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 of the United States Code.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation

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