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147 relations: Adam Smith, Amartya Sen, Aníbal Pinto, Arturo Escobar (anthropologist), Attitude (psychology), Austerity, Émile Durkheim, Big push model, Brundtland Commission, Capability approach, Capital (economics), Capital intensive industry, Carrying capacity, Celso Furtado, Chile, Classical economics, Club of Rome, Commodification, Commodity, Comparative advantage, Core countries, David Apter, David McClelland, David Ricardo, Deregulation, Devaluation, Developed country, Developing country, Development, Development aid, Development as Freedom, Development economics, Dual-sector model, Dudley Seers, Ecological modernization, Ecology, Economic development, Economic growth, Economic interventionism, Ethics, Ethnocentrism, Extreme poverty, Feminism, Final good, First World, Free market, Free trade, Global warming, Government spending, Grassroots, ..., Greenhouse gas, Gross domestic product, Harrod–Domar model, Hierarchy, Human capital, Immanuel Wallerstein, Import substitution industrialization, Income elasticity of demand, Industrialisation, Infant industry argument, Instructional capital, International development, International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, Interpersonal relationship, Invisible hand, John Maynard Keynes, John Williamson (economist), Julian Simon, Kurt Mandelbaum, Kuznets curve, Kyoto Protocol, Latin America, Latin American debt crisis, Least Developed Countries, Mahbub ul Haq, Majid Rahnema, Manufacturing, Margaret Thatcher, Market (economics), Market economy, Marketing board, Marquis de Condorcet, Marshall Plan, Marxism, Measure of America, Modernization theory, Natural resource, Neo-Marxism, Norm of reciprocity, Normative economics, Paul Rosenstein-Rodan, Periphery countries, Political sociology, Poverty, Poverty threshold, Prebisch–Singer hypothesis, Primary goods, Privatization, Public sector, Raúl Prebisch, Ragnar Nurkse, Richard Peet, Ronald Reagan, Rostow's stages of growth, Rural area, Saving, School of thought, Secondary sector of the economy, Semi-periphery countries, Service economy, Seymour Martin Lipset, Simon Kuznets, Social capital, Social structure, Society, Sociology, Solidarity, South America, Standard of living, Structural adjustment, Structural change, Subsistence agriculture, Sustainability, Sustainable development, Systems ecology, Talcott Parsons, Terms of trade, The Division of Labour in Society, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, The Limits to Growth, Theory, Third World, Traditional knowledge, Underdevelopment, Unit of analysis, United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, W. Arthur Lewis, Wage labour, Walt Whitman Rostow, Washington Consensus, Welfare economics, Well-being, Wolfgang Sachs, World Bank, World War II, World-systems theory. Expand index (97 more) »
Adam Smith
Adam Smith (16 June 1723 NS (5 June 1723 OS) – 17 July 1790) was a Scottish economist, philosopher and author as well as a moral philosopher, a pioneer of political economy and a key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment era.
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Amartya Sen
Amartya Kumar Sen, CH, FBA (born 3 November 1933) is an Indian economist and philosopher, who since 1972 has taught and worked in India, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
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Aníbal Pinto
Aníbal Pinto Garmendia (March 15, 1825June 9, 1884) was a Chilean political figure.
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Arturo Escobar (anthropologist)
Arturo Escobar (born 1952) is a Colombian-American anthropologist and the Kenan Distinguished Professor of Anthropology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
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Attitude (psychology)
In psychology, attitude is a psychological construct, a mental and emotional entity that inheres in, or characterizes a person.
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Austerity
Austerity is a political-economic term referring to policies that aim to reduce government budget deficits through spending cuts, tax increases, or a combination of both.
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Émile Durkheim
David Émile Durkheim (or; April 15, 1858 – November 15, 1917) was a French sociologist.
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Big push model
The big push model is a concept in development economics or welfare economics that emphasizes that a firm's decision whether to industrialize or not depends on its expectation of what other firms will do.
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Brundtland Commission
Formerly known as the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), the mission of the Brundtland Commission is to unite countries to pursue sustainable development together.
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Capability approach
The capability approach (also referred to as the capabilities approach) is an economic theory conceived in the 1980s as an alternative approach to welfare economics.
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Capital (economics)
In economics, capital consists of an asset that can enhance one's power to perform economically useful work.
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Capital intensive industry
Capital intensive industry was a mid- to late- 19th century development in industry that required great investments of money for machinery and infrastructure to make a profit.
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Carrying capacity
The carrying capacity of a biological species in an environment is the maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water, and other necessities available in the environment.
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Celso Furtado
Celso Monteiro Furtado (July 26, 1920 – November 20, 2004) was an important Brazilian economist and one of the most distinguished intellectuals of his country during the 20th century.
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Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
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Classical economics
Classical economics or classical political economy (also known as liberal economics) is a school of thought in economics that flourished, primarily in Britain, in the late 18th and early-to-mid 19th century.
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Club of Rome
The Club of Rome describes itself as "an organisation of individuals who share a common concern for the future of humanity and strive to make a difference.
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Commodification
Commodification is the transformation of goods, services, ideas and people into commodities, or objects of trade.
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Commodity
In economics, a commodity is an economic good or service that has full or substantial fungibility: that is, the market treats instances of the good as equivalent or nearly so with no regard to who produced them.
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Comparative advantage
The law or principle of comparative advantage holds that under free trade, an agent will produce more of and consume less of a good for which they have a comparative advantage.
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Core countries
In world systems theory, the core countries are the industrialized capitalist countries on which periphery countries and semi-periphery countries depend.
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David Apter
David Ernest Apter (December 18, 1924 – May 4, 2010) was an American political scientist and sociologist.
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David McClelland
David Clarence McClelland (May 20, 1917 – March 27, 1998) was an American psychologist, noted for his work on motivation Need Theory.
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David Ricardo
David Ricardo (18 April 1772 – 11 September 1823) was a British political economist, one of the most influential of the classical economists along with Thomas Malthus, Adam Smith and James Mill.
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Deregulation
Deregulation is the process of removing or reducing state regulations, typically in the economic sphere.
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Devaluation
In modern monetary policy, a devaluation is an official lowering of the value of a country's currency within a fixed exchange rate system, by which the monetary authority formally sets a new fixed rate with respect to a foreign reference currency or currency basket.
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Developed country
A developed country, industrialized country, more developed country, or "more economically developed country" (MEDC), is a sovereign state that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations.
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Developing country
A developing country (or a low and middle income country (LMIC), less developed country, less economically developed country (LEDC), underdeveloped country) is a country with a less developed industrial base and a low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
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Development
Development or developing may refer to.
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Development aid
Development aid or development cooperation (also development assistance, technical assistance, international aid, overseas aid, official development assistance (ODA), or foreign aid) is financial aid given by governments and other agencies to support the economic, environmental, social, and political development of developing countries.
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Development as Freedom
Development as Freedom is a 1999 book by economist Amartya Sen, which focuses on international development.
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Development economics
Development economics is a branch of economics which deals with economic aspects of the development process in low income countries.
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Dual-sector model
The dual-sector model is a model in developmental economics.
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Dudley Seers
Dudley Seers CMG (1920–1983) was a British economist who specialised in development economics.
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Ecological modernization
Ecological modernization is a school of thought in the social sciences that argues that the economy benefits from moves towards environmentalism.
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Ecology
Ecology (from οἶκος, "house", or "environment"; -λογία, "study of") is the branch of biology which studies the interactions among organisms and their environment.
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Economic development
economic development wikipedia Economic development is the process by which a nation improves the economic, political, and social well-being of its people.
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Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time.
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Economic interventionism
Economic interventionism (sometimes state interventionism) is an economic policy perspective favoring government intervention in the market process to correct the market failures and promote the general welfare of the people.
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Ethics
Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct.
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Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism is judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture.
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Extreme poverty
Extreme poverty, abject poverty, absolute poverty, destitution, or penury, was originally defined by the United Nations in 1995 as "a condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information.
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Feminism
Feminism is a range of political movements, ideologies, and social movements that share a common goal: to define, establish, and achieve political, economic, personal, and social equality of sexes.
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Final good
In economics, any commodity which is produced and subsequently consumed by the consumer, to satisfy his current wants or needs, is a consumer good or final good.
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First World
The concept of First World originated during the Cold War and included countries that were generally aligned with NATO and opposed to the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
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Free market
In economics, a free market is an idealized system in which the prices for goods and services are determined by the open market and consumers, in which the laws and forces of supply and demand are free from any intervention by a government, price-setting monopoly, or other authority.
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Free trade
Free trade is a free market policy followed by some international markets in which countries' governments do not restrict imports from, or exports to, other countries.
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Global warming
Global warming, also referred to as climate change, is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.
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Government spending
Government spending or expenditure includes all government consumption, investment, and transfer payments.
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Grassroots
A grassroots movement (often referenced in the context of a left-wing political movement) is one which uses the people in a given district, region, or community as the basis for a political or economic movement.
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Greenhouse gas
A greenhouse gas is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiant energy within the thermal infrared range.
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Gross domestic product
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.
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Harrod–Domar model
The Harrod–Domar model is a classical Keynesian model of economic growth.
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Hierarchy
A hierarchy (from the Greek hierarchia, "rule of a high priest", from hierarkhes, "leader of sacred rites") is an arrangement of items (objects, names, values, categories, etc.) in which the items are represented as being "above", "below", or "at the same level as" one another A hierarchy can link entities either directly or indirectly, and either vertically or diagonally.
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Human capital
Human capital is a term popularized by Gary Becker, an economist and Nobel Laureate from the University of Chicago, and Jacob Mincer.
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Immanuel Wallerstein
Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (born September 28, 1930) is an American sociologist, historical social scientist, and world-systems analyst, arguably best known for his development of the general approach in sociology which led to the emergence of his world-systems approach.
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Import substitution industrialization
Import substitution industrialization (ISI) is a trade and economic policy which advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production.
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Income elasticity of demand
In economics, income elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded for a good or service to a change in the income of the people demanding the good.
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Industrialisation
Industrialisation or industrialization is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society, involving the extensive re-organisation of an economy for the purpose of manufacturing.
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Infant industry argument
The infant industry argument is an economic rationale for trade protectionism.
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Instructional capital
Instructional capital is a term used in educational administration after the 1960s, to reflect capital resulting from investment in producing learning materials.
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International development
International development or global development is a wide concept concerning level of development on an international scale.
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International Labour Organization
The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency dealing with labour problems, particularly international labour standards, social protection, and work opportunities for all.
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International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of "189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world." Formed in 1945 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system.
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Interpersonal relationship
An interpersonal relationship is a strong, deep, or close association or acquaintance between two or more people that may range in duration from brief to enduring.
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Invisible hand
The invisible hand is a term used by Adam Smith to describe the unintended social benefits of an individual's self-interested actions.
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John Maynard Keynes
John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes (5 June 1883 – 21 April 1946), was a British economist whose ideas fundamentally changed the theory and practice of macroeconomics and the economic policies of governments.
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John Williamson (economist)
John Williamson (born June 7, 1937, Hereford, England) is an English economist who coined the term Washington Consensus.
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Julian Simon
Julian Lincoln Simon (February 12, 1932 – February 8, 1998) was an American professor of business administration at the University of Maryland and a Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute at the time of his death, after previously serving as a longtime economics and business professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
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Kurt Mandelbaum
Kurt Mandelbaum (13 November 1904 – 28 September 1995) was an economist well known for his pioneering contribution in the field of the economics of development.
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Kuznets curve
In economics, a Kuznets curve graphs the hypothesis that as an economy develops, market forces first increase and then decrease economic inequality.
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Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty which extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that (part one) global warming is occurring and (part two) it is extremely likely that human-made CO2 emissions have predominantly caused it.
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Latin America
Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere where Spanish, French and Portuguese are spoken; it is broader than the terms Ibero-America or Hispanic America.
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Latin American debt crisis
The Latin American debt crisis (Crisis de la deuda latinoamericana) was a financial crisis that originated in the early 1980s (and for some countries starting in the 1970s), often known as the "lost decade", when Latin American countries reached a point where their foreign debt exceeded their earning power and they were not able to repay it.
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Least Developed Countries
The Least Developed Countries (LDCs) is a list of developing countries that, according to the United Nations, exhibit the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development, with the lowest Human Development Index ratings of all countries in the world.
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Mahbub ul Haq
Mahbub ul Haq (محبوب الحق; 24 February 1934 – 16 July 1998) was a Pakistani game theorist, economist and an international development theorist who served as the 13th Finance Minister of Pakistan from 10 April 1985 until 28 January 1988.
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Majid Rahnema
Majid Rahnema (1924 – 14 April 2015) was a diplomat and former Minister of Iran, born in Tehran.
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Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the production of merchandise for use or sale using labour and machines, tools, chemical and biological processing, or formulation.
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Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, (13 October 19258 April 2013) was a British stateswoman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990.
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Market (economics)
A market is one of the many varieties of systems, institutions, procedures, social relations and infrastructures whereby parties engage in exchange.
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Market economy
A market economy is an economic system in which the decisions regarding investment, production, and distribution are guided by the price signals created by the forces of supply and demand.
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Marketing board
A marketing board is an organization created by many producers to try to market their product and increase consumption and thus prices.
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Marquis de Condorcet
Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis of Condorcet (17 September 1743 – 29 March 1794), known as Nicolas de Condorcet, was a French philosopher, mathematician, and early political scientist whose Condorcet method in voting tally selects the candidate who would beat each of the other candidates in a run-off election.
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Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave over $13 billion (nearly $ billion in US dollars) in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II.
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Marxism
Marxism is a method of socioeconomic analysis that views class relations and social conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and takes a dialectical view of social transformation.
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Measure of America
Measure of America is a non-partisan, non-profit initiative of the Social Science Research Council in Brooklyn, New York.
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Modernization theory
Modernization theory is used to explain the process of modernization within societies.
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Natural resource
Natural resources are resources that exist without actions of humankind.
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Neo-Marxism
Neo-Marxism is a broad term encompasing twentieth-century approaches that amend or extend Marxism and Marxist theory, typically by incorporating elements from other intellectual traditions such as critical theory, psychoanalysis, or existentialism (in the case of Jean-Paul Sartre).
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Norm of reciprocity
The norm of reciprocity requires that we repay in kind what another has done for us.
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Normative economics
Normative economics (as opposed to positive economics) is a part of economics that expresses value or normative judgments about economic fairness or what the outcome of the economy or goals of public policy ought to be.
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Paul Rosenstein-Rodan
Paul Narcyz Rosenstein-Rodan (1902–1985) was an economist of Jewish origin born in Kraków, who was trained in the Austrian tradition under in Vienna.
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Periphery countries
In world systems theory, the periphery countries (sometimes referred to as just the periphery) are those that are less developed than the semi-periphery and core countries.
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Political sociology
Political sociology is concerned with the sociological analysis of political phenomena ranging from the State, to civil society, to the family, investigating topics such as citizenship, social movements, and the sources of social power.
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Poverty
Poverty is the scarcity or the lack of a certain (variant) amount of material possessions or money.
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Poverty threshold
The poverty threshold, poverty limit or poverty line is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country.
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Prebisch–Singer hypothesis
In economics, the Prebisch–Singer hypothesis (also called the Prebisch–Singer thesis) argues that the price of primary commodities declines relative to the price of manufactured goods over the long term, which causes the terms of trade of primary-product-based economies to deteriorate.
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Primary goods
Primary goods are presented in the important book A Theory of Justice (1971) written by the American philosopher John Rawls.
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Privatization
Privatization (also spelled privatisation) is the purchase of all outstanding shares of a publicly traded company by private investors, or the sale of a state-owned enterprise to private investors.
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Public sector
The public sector (also called the state sector) is the part of the economy composed of both public services and public enterprises.
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Raúl Prebisch
Raúl Prebisch (April 17, 1901April 29, 1986) was an Argentine economist known for his contributions to structuralist economics such as the Prebisch–Singer hypothesis, which formed the basis of economic dependency theory.
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Ragnar Nurkse
Ragnar Nurkse (Käru, Estonia – 6 May 1959, near Lake Geneva, Switzerland) was an Estonian international economist and policy maker mainly in the fields of international finance and economic development.
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Richard Peet
J.
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Ronald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.
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Rostow's stages of growth
Rostow's Stages of Economic Growth model is one of the major historical models of economic growth.
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Rural area
In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.
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Saving
Saving is income not spent, or deferred consumption.
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School of thought
A school of thought (or intellectual tradition) is a collection or group of people who share common characteristics of opinion or outlook of a philosophy, discipline, belief, social movement, economics, cultural movement, or art movement.
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Secondary sector of the economy
The secondary sector of the economy includes industries that produce a finished, usable product or are involved in construction.
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Semi-periphery countries
In world-systems theory, the semi-periphery countries (sometimes referred to as just the semi-periphery) are the industrializing, mostly capitalist countries which are positioned between the periphery and core countries.
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Service economy
Service economy can refer to one or both of two recent economic developments.
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Seymour Martin Lipset
Seymour Martin Lipset (March 18, 1922 – December 31, 2006) was an American sociologist.
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Simon Kuznets
Simon Smith Kuznets (p; April 30, 1901 – July 8, 1985) was a Russo-American economist and statistician who received the 1971 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences "for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development." Kuznets made a decisive contribution to the transformation of economics into an empirical science and to the formation of quantitative economic history.
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Social capital
Social capital is a form of economic and cultural capital in which social networks are central; transactions are marked by reciprocity, trust, and cooperation; and market agents produce goods and services not mainly for themselves, but for a common good.
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Social structure
In the social sciences, social structure is the patterned social arrangements in society that are both emergent from and determinant of the actions of the individuals.
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Society
A society is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same geographical or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
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Sociology
Sociology is the scientific study of society, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and culture.
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Solidarity
Solidarity is unity (as of a group or class) which produces or is based on unities of interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies.
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South America
South America is a continent in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere.
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Standard of living
Standard of living refers to the level of wealth, comfort, material goods, and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class in a certain geographic area, usually a country.
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Structural adjustment
Structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) consist of loans provided by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) to countries that experienced economic crises.
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Structural change
In economics, structural change is a shift or change in the basic ways a market or economy functions or operates.
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Subsistence agriculture
Subsistence agriculture is a self-sufficiency farming system in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their entire families.
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Sustainability
Sustainability is the process of change, in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of investments, the orientation of technological development and institutional change are all in harmony and enhance both current and future potential to meet human needs and aspirations.
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Sustainable development
Sustainable development is the organizing principle for meeting human development goals while at the same time sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services upon which the economy and society depend.
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Systems ecology
Systems ecology is an interdisciplinary field of ecology, a subset of Earth system science, that takes a holistic approach to the study of ecological systems, especially ecosystems.
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Talcott Parsons
Talcott Parsons (December 13, 1902 – May 8, 1979) was an American sociologist of the classical tradition, best known for his social action theory and structural functionalism.
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Terms of trade
The terms of trade (TOT) is the relative price of imports in terms of exports and is defined as the ratio of export prices to import prices.
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The Division of Labour in Society
The Division of Labour in Society (De la division du travail social) is the doctoral dissertation of the French sociologist Émile Durkheim, published in 1893.
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The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money of 1936 is the last and most important book by the English economist John Maynard Keynes.
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The Limits to Growth
The Limits to Growth (LTG) is a 1972 report on the computer simulation of exponential economic and population growth with a finite supply of resources.
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Theory
A theory is a contemplative and rational type of abstract or generalizing thinking, or the results of such thinking.
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Third World
The term "Third World" arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either NATO or the Communist Bloc.
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Traditional knowledge
The terms traditional knowledge, indigenous knowledge and local knowledge generally refer to knowledge systems embedded in the cultural traditions of regional, indigenous, or local communities.
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Underdevelopment
Underdevelopment, relating to international development, reflects a broad condition or phenomena defined and critiqued by theorists in fields such as economics, development studies, and postcolonial studies.
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Unit of analysis
The unit of analysis is the major entity that is being analyzed in a study.
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United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
The United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, known as ECLAC, UNECLAC or in Spanish and Portuguese CEPAL, is a United Nations regional commission to encourage economic cooperation.
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W. Arthur Lewis
Sir William Arthur Lewis (23 January 1915 – 15 June 1991) was a Saint Lucian economist well known for his contributions in the field of economic development.
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Wage labour
Wage labour (also wage labor in American English) is the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer, where the worker sells his or her labour under a formal or informal employment contract.
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Walt Whitman Rostow
Walt Whitman Rostow (also known as Walt Rostow or W.W. Rostow) (October 7, 1916 – February 13, 2003) was an American economist and political theorist who served as Special Assistant for National Security Affairs to US President Lyndon B. Johnson from 1966 to 1969.
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Washington Consensus
The Washington Consensus is a set of 10 economic policy prescriptions considered to constitute the "standard" reform package promoted for crisis-wracked developing countries by Washington, D.C.–based institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank and United States Department of the Treasury.
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Welfare economics
Welfare economics is a branch of economics that uses microeconomic techniques to evaluate well-being (welfare) at the aggregate (economy-wide) level.
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Well-being
Well-being, wellbeing, or wellness is a general term for the condition of an individual or group.
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Wolfgang Sachs
Wolfgang Sachs (born 25 November 1946) is a researcher, writer and university teacher in the field of environment, development, and globalization.
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World Bank
The World Bank (Banque mondiale) is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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World-systems theory
World-systems theory (also known as world-systems analysis or the world-systems perspective)Immanuel Wallerstein, (2004), "World-systems Analysis." In World System History, ed.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development_theory
