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104 relations: Acetabulum, Appalachia (Mesozoic), Arabian ostrich, Asia, Asian ostrich, Basal (phylogenetics), Beak, Biology, Bird, Brood parasite, Campanian, Cassowary, Casuariidae, Casuariiformes, Cenozoic, Clade, Cladogram, Class (biology), Clavicle, Common ostrich, Convergent evolution, Coracoid, Cretaceous, Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, Crypturellus, Dromaius, Dromornithidae, Early Cretaceous, Elephant bird, Emu, Endangered species, Eocene, Europe, Feather, Fenestra, Flightless bird, Furcula, Galliformes, Gondwana, Great spotted kiwi, Holocene, Homo, Ilium (bone), International Commission on Stratigraphy, Ischium, Kiwi, Late Cretaceous, Laurasia, Limenavis, ..., List of fossil bird genera, List of Late Quaternary prehistoric bird species, List of recently extinct bird species, Lithornis, Lithornithidae, Maastrichtian, Miocene, Moa, Monophyly, Myr, Neognathae, Neontology, Neoteny, Neotropical realm, North America, Notopalaeognathae, Novaeratitae, Order (biology), Palaeotis, Palate, Paleocene, Paracathartes, Parallel evolution, Paraphyly, Parrot, Patagonia, Pennaceous feather, Premaxilla, Proapteryx, Pseudocrypturus, Pterygoid bone, Pygostyle, Ratite, Rhea (bird), Rheidae, Scapula, Scapulocoracoid, Scientific controversy, Sister group, Songbird, Southern cassowary, Sternum, Struthionidae, Sympatry, Tertiary, Tinamou, Tuatara, Ungual, Uropygial gland, Vegavis, Vertebra, Vomer, William Plane Pycraft, Zealandia. Expand index (54 more) »
Acetabulum
The acetabulum (cotyloid cavity) is a concave surface of a pelvis.
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Appalachia (Mesozoic)
In the Mesozoic Era (252 to 66 million years ago) Appalachia, named for the Appalachian Mountains, was an island land mass separated from Laramidia to the west by the Western Interior Seaway.
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Arabian ostrich
The Arabian ostrich or Syrian ostrich (Struthio camelus syriacus) is an extinct subspecies of the ostrich that lived on the Arabian Peninsula and in the Near East until the mid-20th century.
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Asia
Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.
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Asian ostrich
The Asian or Asiatic ostrich (Struthio asiaticus), is an extinct species of ostrich that ranged from Morocco, the Middle East to China and Mongolia.
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Basal (phylogenetics)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the base (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram.
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Beak
The beak, bill, or rostrum is an external anatomical structure of birds that is used for eating and for preening, manipulating objects, killing prey, fighting, probing for food, courtship and feeding young.
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Biology
Biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical composition, function, development and evolution.
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Bird
Birds, also known as Aves, are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.
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Brood parasite
Brood parasites are organisms that rely on others to raise their young.
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Campanian
The Campanian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch (or, in chronostratigraphy: the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous series).
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Cassowary
Cassowaries, genus Casuarius, are ratites (flightless birds without a keel on their sternum bone) that are native to the tropical forests of New Guinea (Papua New Guinea and Indonesia), nearby islands, and northeastern Australia.
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Casuariidae
The bird family Casuariidae has four surviving members: the three species of cassowary and the emu.
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Casuariiformes
The Casuariiformes is an order of large flightless bird that has four surviving members: the three species of cassowary, and the only remaining species of emu.
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Cenozoic
The Cenozoic Era meaning "new life", is the current and most recent of the three Phanerozoic geological eras, following the Mesozoic Era and, extending from 66 million years ago to the present day.
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Clade
A clade (from κλάδος, klados, "branch"), also known as monophyletic group, is a group of organisms that consists of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants, and represents a single "branch" on the "tree of life".
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Cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek clados "branch" and gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms.
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Class (biology)
In biological classification, class (classis) is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank.
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Clavicle
The clavicle or collarbone is a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum or breastbone.
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Common ostrich
The ostrich or common ostrich (Struthio camelus) is either of two species of large flightless birds native to Africa, the only living member(s) of the genus Struthio, which is in the ratite family.
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Convergent evolution
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages.
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Coracoid
A coracoid is a paired bone which is part of the shoulder assembly in all vertebrates except therian mammals (therians.
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Cretaceous
The Cretaceous is a geologic period and system that spans 79 million years from the end of the Jurassic Period million years ago (mya) to the beginning of the Paleogene Period mya.
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Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary
The Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary, formerly known as the Cretaceous–Tertiary (K-T) boundary, is a geological signature, usually a thin band of rock.
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Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
The Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) extinction event, also known as the Cretaceous–Tertiary (K–T) extinction, was a sudden mass extinction of some three-quarters of the plant and animal species on Earth, approximately 66 million years ago.
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Crypturellus
Crypturellus is a genus of tinamous containing mostly forest species.
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Dromaius
Dromaius is a genus of ratite present in Australia.
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Dromornithidae
Dromornithidae (the dromornithids), also commonly referred to as thunder birds or demon ducks, were a clade of large, flightless Australian birds of the Oligocene through Pleistocene epochs.
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Early Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous/Middle Cretaceous (geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphic name), is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous.
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Elephant bird
Elephant birds are members of the extinct family Aepyornithidae.
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Emu
The emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) is the second-largest living bird by height, after its ratite relative, the ostrich.
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Endangered species
An endangered species is a species which has been categorized as very likely to become extinct.
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Eocene
The Eocene Epoch, lasting from, is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the Cenozoic Era.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Feather
Feathers are epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds and other, extinct species' of dinosaurs.
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Fenestra
A fenestra (plural fenestrae) in anatomy, zoology and biology, is any small opening or pore.
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Flightless bird
Flightless birds are birds that through evolution lost the ability to fly.
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Furcula
The furcula ("little fork" in Latin) or wishbone is a forked bone found in birds and some dinosaurs, and is formed by the fusion of the two clavicles.
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Galliformes
Galliformes is an order of heavy-bodied ground-feeding birds that includes turkey, grouse, chicken, New World quail and Old World quail, ptarmigan, partridge, pheasant, junglefowl and the Cracidae.
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Gondwana
Gondwana, or Gondwanaland, was a supercontinent that existed from the Neoproterozoic (about 550 million years ago) until the Carboniferous (about 320 million years ago).
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Great spotted kiwi
The great spotted kiwi, great grey kiwi,Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003) or roroa (Apteryx haastii) is a species of kiwi endemic to the South Island of New Zealand.
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Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch.
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Homo
Homo (Latin homō "human being") is the genus that encompasses the extant species Homo sapiens (modern humans), plus several extinct species classified as either ancestral to or closely related to modern humans (depending on a species), most notably Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis.
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Ilium (bone)
The ilium (plural ilia) is the uppermost and largest part of the hip bone, and appears in most vertebrates including mammals and birds, but not bony fish.
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International Commission on Stratigraphy
The International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), sometimes referred to by the unofficial name "International Stratigraphic Commission" is a daughter or major subcommittee grade scientific daughter organization that concerns itself with stratigraphy, geological, and geochronological matters on a global scale.
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Ischium
The ischium forms the lower and back part of the hip bone (os coxae).
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Kiwi
Kiwi or kiwis are flightless birds native to New Zealand, in the genus Apteryx and family Apterygidae.
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Late Cretaceous
The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous period is divided in the geologic timescale.
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Laurasia
Laurasia was the more northern of two supercontinents (the other being Gondwana) that formed part of the Pangaea supercontinent around (Mya).
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Limenavis
Limenavis is a prehistoric bird genus from the Late Cretaceous.
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List of fossil bird genera
Birds evolved from certain feathered theropod dinosaurs, and there is no real dividing line between birds and dinosaurs, except of course that some of the former survived the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event while the latter did not.
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List of Late Quaternary prehistoric bird species
Prehistoric birds are various taxa of birds that have become extinct before recorded history, or more precisely, before they could be studied alive by ornithologists.
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List of recently extinct bird species
Since 1500, over 190 species of birds have become extinct, and this rate of extinction seems to be increasing.
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Lithornis
Lithornis is a genus of extinct paleognathous birds.
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Lithornithidae
Lithornithidae is an extinct, possibly paraphyletic (but see below) clade of early paleognath birds.
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Maastrichtian
The Maastrichtian is, in the ICS geologic timescale, the latest age (uppermost stage) of the Late Cretaceous epoch or Upper Cretaceous series, the Cretaceous period or system, and of the Mesozoic era or erathem.
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Miocene
The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).
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Moa
The moa were nine species (in six genera) of flightless birds endemic to New Zealand.
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Monophyly
In cladistics, a monophyletic group, or clade, is a group of organisms that consists of all the descendants of a common ancestor.
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Myr
The abbreviation myr, "million years", is a unit of a quantity of (i.e.) years, or 31.6 teraseconds.
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Neognathae
Neognaths (Neognathae) are birds within the subclass Neornithes of the class Aves.
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Neontology
Neontology is a part of biology that, in contrast to paleontology, deals with living (or, more generally, recent) organisms.
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Neoteny
Neoteny, (also called juvenilization)Montagu, A. (1989).
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Neotropical realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting the Earth's land surface.
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North America
North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.
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Notopalaeognathae
Notopalaeognathae is a clade that contains the order Rheiformes (rheas), the clade Novaeratitae (birds such as the kiwis and the emus), the order Tinamiformes (tinamous) and the extinct order Dinornithiformes (the moas).
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Novaeratitae
Novaeratitae is a clade that was originally defined to contain the recent common ancestors of the orders Casuariiformes (emus and cassowaries) and Apterygiformes (kiwis).
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Order (biology)
In biological classification, the order (ordo) is.
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Palaeotis
Palaeotis is a genus of paleognath birds from the middle Eocene epoch of central Europe.
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Palate
The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals.
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Paleocene
The Paleocene or Palaeocene, the "old recent", is a geological epoch that lasted from about.
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Paracathartes
Paracathartes is a genus of extinct bird from the Wasachtian horizon of lower Eocene Wyoming, USA.
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Parallel evolution
Parallel evolution is the development of a similar trait in related, but distinct, species descending from the same ancestor, but from different clades.
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Paraphyly
In taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's last common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor excluding a few—typically only one or two—monophyletic subgroups.
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Parrot
Parrots, also known as psittacines, are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions.
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Patagonia
Patagonia is a sparsely populated region located at the southern end of South America, shared by Argentina and Chile.
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Pennaceous feather
The pennaceous feather is a type of feather present in most modern birds and in some other species of maniraptoriform dinosaurs.
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Premaxilla
The premaxilla (or praemaxilla) is one of a pair of small cranial bones at the very tip of the upper jaw of many animals, usually, but not always, bearing teeth.
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Proapteryx
Proapteryx micromeros is an extinct kiwi known from the early Miocene sediments of the Saint Bathans Fauna of Otago, New Zealand.
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Pseudocrypturus
Pseudocrypturus is a genus of extinct paleognathous bird.
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Pterygoid bone
The pterygoid is a paired bone forming part of the palate of many vertebrates, behind the palatine bones.
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Pygostyle
Pygostyle describes a skeletal condition in which the final few caudal vertebrae are fused into a single ossification, supporting the tail feathers and musculature.
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Ratite
A ratite is any of a diverse group of flightless and mostly large and long-legged birds of the infraclass Palaeognathae.
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Rhea (bird)
The rheas are large ratites (flightless birds without a keel on their sternum bone) in the order Rheiformes, native to South America, distantly related to the ostrich and emu.
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Rheidae
Rheidae is a family of flightless ratite birds which first appeared in the Paleocene.
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Scapula
In anatomy, the scapula (plural scapulae or scapulas; also known as shoulder bone, shoulder blade or wing bone) is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone).
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Scapulocoracoid
The scapulocoracoid is the unit of the pectoral girdle that contains the coracoid and scapula.
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Scientific controversy
A scientific controversy is a substantial disagreement among scientists.
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Sister group
A sister group or sister taxon is a phylogenetic term denoting the closest relatives of another given unit in an evolutionary tree.
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Songbird
A songbird is a bird belonging to the clade Passeri of the perching birds (Passeriformes).
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Southern cassowary
The southern cassowary (Casuarius casuarius) also known as double-wattled cassowary, Australian cassowary or two-wattled cassowary, is a large flightless black bird.
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Sternum
The sternum or breastbone is a long flat bone located in the center of the chest.
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Struthionidae
Struthionidae is a family of flightless ratite birds which first appeared during the Miocene epoch, though various Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene ratites may belong to this group.
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Sympatry
In biology, two species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter one another.
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Tertiary
Tertiary is the former term for the geologic period from 65 million to 2.58 million years ago, a timespan that occurs between the superseded Secondary period and the Quaternary.
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Tinamou
Tinamous form an order of birds (Tinamiformes), comprising a single family (Tinamidae) with two distinct subfamilies, containing 47 species found in Mexico, Central America, and South America.
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Tuatara
Tuatara are reptiles endemic to New Zealand.
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Ungual
An ungual (from Latin unguis, i.e. nail) is a highly modified distal toe bone which ends in a hoof, claw, or nail.
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Uropygial gland
The uropygial gland, informally known as the preen gland or the oil gland, is a bilobate sebaceous gland possessed by the majority of birds.
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Vegavis
Vegavis is a genus of extinct bird that lived during the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian stage) of Antarctica, some 68 to 66 mya.
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Vertebra
In the vertebrate spinal column, each vertebra is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, the proportions of which vary according to the segment of the backbone and the species of vertebrate.
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Vomer
The vomer is one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull.
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William Plane Pycraft
William Plane Pycraft (13 January 1868 – 1 May 1942) was an English osteologist and zoologist.
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Zealandia
Zealandia, also known as the New Zealand continent or Tasmantis is an almost entirely submerged mass of continental crust that sank after breaking away from Australia 60–85 million years ago, having separated from Antarctica between 85 and 130 million years ago.
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Eoaves, Palaeognath, Palaeognaths, Paleognath, Paleognathae, Paleognathe, Paleognathes, Paleognathous, Paleognaths.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaeognathae
