Faster access than browser!
93 relations: Absorbed dose, Aspect ratio, Atom interferometer, Atomic number, Attenuation, Ångström, Barn (unit), Biological small-angle scattering, Bone disease, Bragg's law, Classical electron radius, Cross section (physics), CSIRO, CT scan, Derivative, Diffraction grating, Dispersion (optics), Dynamical theory of diffraction, Edge enhancement, Electroplating, Etching (microfabrication), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Fossil, Fourier series, Franz Pfeiffer (physicist), Fresnel diffraction, Frits Zernike, Full width at half maximum, Geometrical optics, Gradient, Grazing incidence diffraction, Group velocity, Henry Fox Talbot, Holography, Instantaneous phase, Interferometry, John Clauser, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kirchhoff's diffraction formula, Laplace operator, LIGA, Light, Linearization, Mammography, Micrometre, Modular arithmetic, Moiré pattern, Molding (process), Near-field optics, Nobel Prize, ..., Nobel Prize in Physics, Optical microscope, Osteoarthritis, Osteoporosis, Paleontology, Paul Scherrer Institute, Phase (waves), Phase retrieval, Phase velocity, Phase-contrast imaging, Phase-contrast microscopy, Photolithography, Plane wave, Polarization (waves), Principle of relativity, Projectional radiography, Radian, Radiography, Radon transform, Ray (optics), Sample (material), Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor, Single crystal, Snell's law, Soft tissue, Speed of light, Storage ring, Synchrotron, Synchrotron radiation, Talbot effect, Tomographic reconstruction, Tomography, Wafer (electronics), Wave interference, Wave vector, Wavelength, Wavenumber, Wilhelm Röntgen, X-ray, X-ray detector, X-ray lithography, X-ray tube, 3D projection. Expand index (43 more) »
Absorbed dose
Absorbed dose is a measure of the energy deposited in a medium by ionizing radiation.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Absorbed dose · See more »
Aspect ratio
The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Aspect ratio · See more »
Atom interferometer
An atom interferometer is an interferometer which uses the wave character of atoms.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Atom interferometer · See more »
Atomic number
The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Atomic number · See more »
Attenuation
In physics, attenuation or, in some contexts, extinction is the gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Attenuation · See more »
Ångström
The ångström or angstrom is a unit of length equal to (one ten-billionth of a metre) or 0.1 nanometre.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Ångström · See more »
Barn (unit)
A barn (symbol: b) is a unit of area equal to 10−28 m2 (100 fm2).
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Barn (unit) · See more »
Biological small-angle scattering
Biological small-angle scattering is a small-angle scattering method for structure analysis of biological materials.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Biological small-angle scattering · See more »
Bone disease
Bone disease refers to the medical conditions which affect the bone.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Bone disease · See more »
Bragg's law
In physics, Bragg's law, or Wulff–Bragg's condition, a special case of Laue diffraction, gives the angles for coherent and incoherent scattering from a crystal lattice.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Bragg's law · See more »
Classical electron radius
The classical electron radius is a combination of fundamental physical quantities that define a length scale for problems involving electrons interacting with electromagnetic radiation.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Classical electron radius · See more »
Cross section (physics)
When two particles interact, their mutual cross section is the area transverse to their relative motion within which they must meet in order to scatter from each other.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Cross section (physics) · See more »
CSIRO
The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) is an independent Australian federal government agency responsible for scientific research.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and CSIRO · See more »
CT scan
A CT scan, also known as computed tomography scan, makes use of computer-processed combinations of many X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of specific areas of a scanned object, allowing the user to see inside the object without cutting.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and CT scan · See more »
Derivative
The derivative of a function of a real variable measures the sensitivity to change of the function value (output value) with respect to a change in its argument (input value).
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Derivative · See more »
Diffraction grating
In optics, a diffraction grating is an optical component with a periodic structure that splits and diffracts light into several beams travelling in different directions.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Diffraction grating · See more »
Dispersion (optics)
In optics, dispersion is the phenomenon in which the phase velocity of a wave depends on its frequency.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Dispersion (optics) · See more »
Dynamical theory of diffraction
The dynamical theory of diffraction describes the interaction of waves with a regular lattice.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Dynamical theory of diffraction · See more »
Edge enhancement
Edge enhancement is an image processing filter that enhances the edge contrast of an image or video in an attempt to improve its acutance (apparent sharpness).
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Edge enhancement · See more »
Electroplating
Electroplating is a process that uses an electric current to reduce dissolved metal cations so that they form a thin coherent metal coating on an electrode.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Electroplating · See more »
Etching (microfabrication)
Etching is used in microfabrication to chemically remove layers from the surface of a wafer during manufacturing.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Etching (microfabrication) · See more »
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) is a joint research facility situated in Grenoble, France, and supported by 22 countries (13 member countries: France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Switzerland, Belgium, The Netherlands, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Russia and 9 associate countries: Austria, Portugal, Israel, Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, India and South Africa).
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility · See more »
Fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin fossilis; literally, "obtained by digging") is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Fossil · See more »
Fourier series
In mathematics, a Fourier series is a way to represent a function as the sum of simple sine waves.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Fourier series · See more »
Franz Pfeiffer (physicist)
Franz Pfeiffer (born 25 November 1972 in Kösching, Germany) is a German physicist known for his contributions to the development of Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and its applications in biomedical research.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Franz Pfeiffer (physicist) · See more »
Fresnel diffraction
In optics, the Fresnel diffraction equation for near-field diffraction is an approximation of the Kirchhoff–Fresnel diffraction that can be applied to the propagation of waves in the near field.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Fresnel diffraction · See more »
Frits Zernike
Frits Zernike (16 July 1888 – 10 March 1966) was a Dutch physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize for physics in 1953 for his invention of the phase-contrast microscope.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Frits Zernike · See more »
Full width at half maximum
Full width at half maximum (FWHM) is an expression of the extent of function given by the difference between the two extreme values of the independent variable at which the dependent variable is equal to half of its maximum value.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Full width at half maximum · See more »
Geometrical optics
Geometrical optics, or ray optics, describes light propagation in terms of rays.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Geometrical optics · See more »
Gradient
In mathematics, the gradient is a multi-variable generalization of the derivative.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Gradient · See more »
Grazing incidence diffraction
Grazing incidence X-ray and neutron diffraction (GID, GIXD, GIND), typically from a crystalline structure uses small incident angles for the incoming X-ray or neutron beam, so that diffraction can be made surface sensitive.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Grazing incidence diffraction · See more »
Group velocity
The group velocity of a wave is the velocity with which the overall shape of the wave's amplitudes—known as the modulation or envelope of the wave—propagates through space.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Group velocity · See more »
Henry Fox Talbot
William Henry Fox Talbot FRS (11 February 180017 September 1877) was a British scientist, inventor and photography pioneer who invented the salted paper and calotype processes, precursors to photographic processes of the later 19th and 20th centuries.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Henry Fox Talbot · See more »
Holography
Holography is the science and practice of making holograms.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Holography · See more »
Instantaneous phase
Instantaneous phase and instantaneous frequency are important concepts in signal processing that occur in the context of the representation and analysis of time-varying functions.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Instantaneous phase · See more »
Interferometry
Interferometry is a family of techniques in which waves, usually electromagnetic waves, are superimposed causing the phenomenon of interference in order to extract information.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Interferometry · See more »
John Clauser
John Francis Clauser (born December 1, 1942 in Pasadena, California) is an American theoretical and experimental physicist known for contributions to the foundations of quantum mechanics, in particular the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and John Clauser · See more »
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) (Karlsruher Institut für Technologie) is a public research university and one of the largest research and educational institutions in Germany.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology · See more »
Kirchhoff's diffraction formula
Kirchhoff's diffraction formula (also Fresnel–Kirchhoff diffraction formula) can be used to model the propagation of light in a wide range of configurations, either analytically or using numerical modelling.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Kirchhoff's diffraction formula · See more »
Laplace operator
In mathematics, the Laplace operator or Laplacian is a differential operator given by the divergence of the gradient of a function on Euclidean space.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Laplace operator · See more »
LIGA
LIGA is a German acronym for Lithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformung (Lithography, Electroplating, and Molding) that describes a fabrication technology used to create high-aspect-ratio microstructures.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and LIGA · See more »
Light
Light is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Light · See more »
Linearization
In mathematics, linearization is finding the linear approximation to a function at a given point.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Linearization · See more »
Mammography
Mammography (also called mastography) is the process of using low-energy X-rays (usually around 30 kVp) to examine the human breast for diagnosis and screening.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Mammography · See more »
Micrometre
The micrometre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American spelling), also commonly known as a micron, is an SI derived unit of length equaling (SI standard prefix "micro-".
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Micrometre · See more »
Modular arithmetic
In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" upon reaching a certain value—the modulus (plural moduli).
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Modular arithmetic · See more »
Moiré pattern
In mathematics, physics, and art, a moiré pattern or moiré fringes are large-scale interference patterns that can be produced when an opaque ruled pattern with transparent gaps is overlaid on another similar pattern.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Moiré pattern · See more »
Molding (process)
Molding or moulding (see spelling differences) is the process of manufacturing by shaping liquid or pliable raw material using a rigid frame called a mold or matrix.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Molding (process) · See more »
Near-field optics
Near-field optics is that branch of optics that considers configurations that depend on the passage of light to, from, through, or near an element with subwavelength features, and the coupling of that light to a second element located a subwavelength distance from the first.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Near-field optics · See more »
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prize (Swedish definite form, singular: Nobelpriset; Nobelprisen) is a set of six annual international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, or scientific advances.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Nobel Prize · See more »
Nobel Prize in Physics
The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Nobel Prize in Physics · See more »
Optical microscope
The optical microscope, often referred to as the light microscope, is a type of microscope that uses visible light and a system of lenses to magnify images of small subjects.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Optical microscope · See more »
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Osteoarthritis · See more »
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a disease where increased bone weakness increases the risk of a broken bone.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Osteoporosis · See more »
Paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene Epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present).
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Paleontology · See more »
Paul Scherrer Institute
The Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) is a multi-disciplinary research institute which belongs to the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain covering also ETH Zurich and EPFL.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Paul Scherrer Institute · See more »
Phase (waves)
Phase is the position of a point in time (an instant) on a waveform cycle.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Phase (waves) · See more »
Phase retrieval
Phase retrieval is the process of algorithmically finding solutions to the phase problem.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Phase retrieval · See more »
Phase velocity
The phase velocity of a wave is the rate at which the phase of the wave propagates in space.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Phase velocity · See more »
Phase-contrast imaging
Phase-contrast imaging is a method of imaging that has a range of different applications.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Phase-contrast imaging · See more »
Phase-contrast microscopy
Phase-contrast microscopy is an optical microscopy technique that converts phase shifts in light passing through a transparent specimen to brightness changes in the image.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Phase-contrast microscopy · See more »
Photolithography
Photolithography, also termed optical lithography or UV lithography, is a process used in microfabrication to pattern parts of a thin film or the bulk of a substrate.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Photolithography · See more »
Plane wave
In the physics of wave propagation, a plane wave (also spelled planewave) is a wave whose wavefronts (surfaces of constant phase) are infinite parallel planes.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Plane wave · See more »
Polarization (waves)
Polarization (also polarisation) is a property applying to transverse waves that specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Polarization (waves) · See more »
Principle of relativity
In physics, the principle of relativity is the requirement that the equations describing the laws of physics have the same form in all admissible frames of reference.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Principle of relativity · See more »
Projectional radiography
Projectional radiography is a form of radiography and medical imaging that produces two-dimensional images by x-ray radiation.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Projectional radiography · See more »
Radian
The radian (SI symbol rad) is the SI unit for measuring angles, and is the standard unit of angular measure used in many areas of mathematics.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Radian · See more »
Radiography
Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays to view the internal form of an object.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Radiography · See more »
Radon transform
In mathematics, the Radon transform is the integral transform which takes a function f defined on the plane to a function Rf defined on the (two-dimensional) space of lines in the plane, whose value at a particular line is equal to the line integral of the function over that line.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Radon transform · See more »
Ray (optics)
In optics a ray is an idealized model of light, obtained by choosing a line that is perpendicular to the wavefronts of the actual light, and that points in the direction of energy flow.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Ray (optics) · See more »
Sample (material)
In general, a sample is a limited quantity of something which is intended to be similar to and represent a larger amount of that thing(s).
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Sample (material) · See more »
Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor
A Shack–Hartmann (or Hartmann–Shack) wavefront sensor (SHWFS) is an optical instrument used for characterizing an imaging system.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor · See more »
Single crystal
A single crystal or monocrystalline solid is a material in which the crystal lattice of the entire sample is continuous and unbroken to the edges of the sample, with no grain boundaries.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Single crystal · See more »
Snell's law
Snell's law (also known as Snell–Descartes law and the law of refraction) is a formula used to describe the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction, when referring to light or other waves passing through a boundary between two different isotropic media, such as water, glass, or air.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Snell's law · See more »
Soft tissue
In anatomy, soft tissue includes the tissues that connect, support, or surround other structures and organs of the body, not being hard tissue such as bone.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Soft tissue · See more »
Speed of light
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted, is a universal physical constant important in many areas of physics.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Speed of light · See more »
Storage ring
A storage ring is a type of circular particle accelerator in which a continuous or pulsed particle beam may be kept circulating typically for many hours.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Storage ring · See more »
Synchrotron
A synchrotron is a particular type of cyclic particle accelerator, descended from the cyclotron, in which the accelerating particle beam travels around a fixed closed-loop path.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Synchrotron · See more »
Synchrotron radiation
Synchrotron radiation (also known as magnetobremsstrahlung radiation) is the electromagnetic radiation emitted when charged particles are accelerated radially, i.e., when they are subject to an acceleration perpendicular to their velocity.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Synchrotron radiation · See more »
Talbot effect
The Talbot effect is a near-field diffraction effect first observed in 1836 by Henry Fox Talbot.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Talbot effect · See more »
Tomographic reconstruction
Tomographic reconstruction is a type of multidimensional inverse problem where the challenge is to yield an estimate of a specific system from a finite number of projections.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Tomographic reconstruction · See more »
Tomography
Tomography is imaging by sections or sectioning, through the use of any kind of penetrating wave.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Tomography · See more »
Wafer (electronics)
A wafer, also called a slice or substrate, is a thin slice of semiconductor material, such as a crystalline silicon, used in electronics for the fabrication of integrated circuits and in photovoltaics for conventional, wafer-based solar cells.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Wafer (electronics) · See more »
Wave interference
In physics, interference is a phenomenon in which two waves superpose to form a resultant wave of greater, lower, or the same amplitude.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Wave interference · See more »
Wave vector
In physics, a wave vector (also spelled wavevector) is a vector which helps describe a wave.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Wave vector · See more »
Wavelength
In physics, the wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave—the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Wavelength · See more »
Wavenumber
In the physical sciences, the wavenumber (also wave number or repetency) is the spatial frequency of a wave, measured in cycles per unit distance or radians per unit distance.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Wavenumber · See more »
Wilhelm Röntgen
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (27 March 1845 – 10 February 1923) was a German mechanical engineer and physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range known as X-rays or Röntgen rays, an achievement that earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and Wilhelm Röntgen · See more »
X-ray
X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and X-ray · See more »
X-ray detector
X-ray detectors are devices used to measure the flux, spatial distribution, spectrum, and/or other properties of X-rays.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and X-ray detector · See more »
X-ray lithography
X-ray lithography, is a process used in electronic industry to selectively remove parts of a thin film.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and X-ray lithography · See more »
X-ray tube
An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and X-ray tube · See more »
3D projection
3D projection is any method of mapping three-dimensional points to a two-dimensional plane.
New!!: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging and 3D projection · See more »
Redirects here:
Phase-contrast x-ray imaging, X-ray Phase Contrast Tomography, X-ray phase-contrast imaging.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_X-ray_imaging
