Table of Contents
293 relations: Abscission, Acacia, Adaptation, Agriculture, Alkaloid, Allomone, Amino acid, Amygdalin, Anatomical terms of location, Annals of Botany, Anno Domini, Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Annual Review of Entomology, Annual Reviews (publisher), Anti-predator adaptation, Antioxidant effect of polyphenols and natural phenols, Antiseptic, Aphrodisiac, Aposematism, Aromaticity, Aspirin, Atropine, Attractant, Australian Journal of Botany, Autumn leaf color, Awn (botany), Azadirachta indica, Bacillus thuringiensis, Biological pest control, Biological pigment, Biopesticide, Bioprospecting, Bird, Brassica rapa, Butterfly, Caffeine, Calcium carbonate, Calcium oxalate, Cambridge Philosophical Society, Camphor, Canavanine, Cannabinoid, Capra (genus), Carbohydrate, Carbon, Carnivorous plant, Caterpillar, Cell membrane, Cell wall, Cellular differentiation, ... Expand index (243 more) »
- Antipredator adaptations
- Chemical ecology
- Habitat management equipment and methods
- Herbivory
Abscission
Abscission is the shedding of various parts of an organism, such as a plant dropping a leaf, fruit, flower, or seed. Plant defense against herbivory and Abscission are plant physiology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Abscission
Acacia
Acacia, commonly known as wattles or acacias, is a genus of about of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Acacia
Adaptation
In biology, adaptation has three related meanings.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Adaptation
Agriculture
Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, fisheries, and forestry for food and non-food products.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Agriculture
Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a class of basic, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Alkaloid
Allomone
An allomone (from Ancient Greek ἄλλος allos "other" and pheromone) is a type of semiochemical produced and released by an individual of one species that affects the behaviour of a member of another species to the benefit of the originator but not the receiver. Plant defense against herbivory and allomone are chemical ecology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Allomone
Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Amino acid
Amygdalin
Amygdalin (from Ancient Greek: ἀμυγδαλή amygdalē 'almond') is a naturally occurring chemical compound found in many plants, most notably in the seeds (kernels) of apricots, bitter almonds, apples, peaches, cherries and plums, and in the roots of manioc.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Amygdalin
Anatomical terms of location
Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Anatomical terms of location
Annals of Botany
Annals of Botany is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing experimental, theoretical and applied papers on all aspects of plant biology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Annals of Botany
Anno Domini
The terms anno Domini. (AD) and before Christ (BC) are used when designating years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars.
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Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics is an annual scientific journal published by Annual Reviews.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
Annual Review of Entomology
The Annual Review of Entomology is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes review articles about entomology, the study of insects.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Annual Review of Entomology
Annual Reviews (publisher)
Annual Reviews is an independent, non-profit academic publishing company based in San Mateo, California.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Annual Reviews (publisher)
Anti-predator adaptation
Anti-predator adaptations are mechanisms developed through evolution that assist prey organisms in their constant struggle against predators. Plant defense against herbivory and Anti-predator adaptation are Antipredator adaptations.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Anti-predator adaptation
Antioxidant effect of polyphenols and natural phenols
A polyphenol antioxidant is a hypothetized type of antioxidant, in which each instance would contain a polyphenolic substructure; such instances which have been studied in vitro.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Antioxidant effect of polyphenols and natural phenols
Antiseptic
An antiseptic (lit and label) is an antimicrobial substance or compound that is applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of sepsis, infection or putrefaction.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Antiseptic
Aphrodisiac
An aphrodisiac is a substance alleged to increase libido, sexual desire, sexual attraction, sexual pleasure, or sexual behavior.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Aphrodisiac
Aposematism
Aposematism is the advertising by an animal, whether terrestrial or marine, to potential predators that it is not worth attacking or eating. Plant defense against herbivory and Aposematism are Antipredator adaptations and chemical ecology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Aposematism
Aromaticity
In organic chemistry, aromaticity is a chemical property describing the way in which a conjugated ring of unsaturated bonds, lone pairs, or empty orbitals exhibits a stabilization stronger than would be expected by the stabilization of conjugation alone.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Aromaticity
Aspirin
Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to reduce pain, fever, and/or inflammation, and as an antithrombotic.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Aspirin
Atropine
Atropine is a tropane alkaloid and anticholinergic medication used to treat certain types of nerve agent and pesticide poisonings as well as some types of slow heart rate, and to decrease saliva production during surgery.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Atropine
Attractant
An attractant is any chemical that attracts an organism, e.g. i) synthetic lures; ii) aggregation and sex pheromones (intraspecific interactions); and iii) synomone (interspecific interactions). Plant defense against herbivory and attractant are chemical ecology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Attractant
Australian Journal of Botany
The Australian Journal of Botany is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by CSIRO Publishing.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Australian Journal of Botany
Autumn leaf color
Autumn leaf color is a phenomenon that affects the normally green leaves of many deciduous trees and shrubs by which they take on, during a few weeks in the autumn season, various shades of yellow, orange, red, purple, and brown. Plant defense against herbivory and autumn leaf color are plant physiology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Autumn leaf color
Awn (botany)
In botany, an awn is either a hair- or bristle-like appendage on a larger structure, or in the case of the Asteraceae, a stiff needle-like element of the pappus.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Awn (botany)
Azadirachta indica
Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, margosa, nimtree or Indian lilac, is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Azadirachta indica
Bacillus thuringiensis
Bacillus thuringiensis (or Bt) is a gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, the most commonly used biological pesticide worldwide.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Bacillus thuringiensis
Biological pest control
Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, whether pest animals such as insects and mites, weeds, or pathogens affecting animals or plants by using other organisms. Plant defense against herbivory and Biological pest control are sustainable agriculture.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Biological pest control
Biological pigment
Biological pigments, also known simply as pigments or biochromes, are substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption.
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Biopesticide
A biopesticide is a biological substance or organism that damages, kills, or repels organisms seen as pests. Plant defense against herbivory and biopesticide are biological pest control.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Biopesticide
Bioprospecting
Bioprospecting (also known as biodiversity prospecting) is the exploration of natural sources for small molecules, macromolecules and biochemical and genetic information that could be developed into commercially valuable products for the agricultural, aquaculture, bioremediation, cosmetics, nanotechnology, or pharmaceutical industries. Plant defense against herbivory and Bioprospecting are sustainable agriculture.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Bioprospecting
Bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.
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Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa is a plant species growing in various widely cultivated forms including the turnip (a root vegetable); Komatsuna, napa cabbage, bomdong, bok choy, and rapini.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Brassica rapa
Butterfly
Butterflies are winged insects from the lepidopteran suborder Rhopalocera, characterized by large, often brightly coloured wings that often fold together when at rest, and a conspicuous, fluttering flight.
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Caffeine
Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Caffeine
Calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula.
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Calcium oxalate
Calcium oxalate (in archaic terminology, oxalate of lime) is a calcium salt of oxalic acid with the chemical formula or.
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Cambridge Philosophical Society
The Cambridge Philosophical Society (CPS) is a scientific society at the University of Cambridge.
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Camphor
Camphor is a waxy, colorless solid with a strong aroma.
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Canavanine
L-(+)-(S)-Canavanine is a non-proteinogenic amino acid found in certain leguminous plants.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Canavanine
Cannabinoid
Cannabinoids are several structural classes of compounds found in the cannabis plant primarily and most animal organisms (although insects lack such receptors) or as synthetic compounds.
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Capra (genus)
Capra is a genus of mammals, the goats, comprising ten species, including the markhor and several species known as ibexes.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Capra (genus)
Carbohydrate
A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus with the empirical formula (where m may or may not be different from n), which does not mean the H has covalent bonds with O (for example with, H has a covalent bond with C but not with O).
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Carbon
Carbon is a chemical element; it has symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Carnivorous plant
Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods, and occasionally small mammals and birds.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Carnivorous plant
Caterpillar
Caterpillars are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths).
See Plant defense against herbivory and Caterpillar
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the outside environment (the extracellular space).
See Plant defense against herbivory and Cell membrane
Cell wall
A cell wall is a structural layer that surrounds some cell types, found immediately outside the cell membrane. Plant defense against herbivory and cell wall are plant physiology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Cell wall
Cellular differentiation
Cellular differentiation is the process in which a stem cell changes from one type to a differentiated one.
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Central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord.
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Charles Valentine Riley
Charles Valentine Riley (18 September 1843 – 14 September 1895) was a British-born American entomologist and artist.
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Chemical ecology
Chemical ecology is the study of chemically mediated interactions between living organisms, and the effects of those interactions on the demography, behavior and ultimately evolution of the organisms involved.
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Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated chemo, sometimes CTX and CTx) is the type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) in a standard regimen.
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Childbirth
Childbirth, also known as labour, parturition and delivery, is the completion of pregnancy where one or more babies exits the internal environment of the mother via vaginal delivery or caesarean section.
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Chili pepper
Chili peppers, also spelled chile or chilli, are varieties of the berry-fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, which are members of the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for their pungency.
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Chitin
Chitin (C8H13O5N)n is a long-chain polymer of ''N''-acetylglucosamine, an amide derivative of glucose.
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Chitosan
Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and ''N''-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit).
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Cholinergic
Cholinergic agents are compounds which mimic the action of acetylcholine and/or butyrylcholine.
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Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemums, sometimes called mums or chrysanths, are flowering plants of the genus Chrysanthemum in the family Asteraceae.
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Cicuta
Cicuta, commonly known as water hemlock, is a genus of four species of highly poisonous plants in the family Apiaceae.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Cicuta
Cicutoxin
Cicutoxin is a naturally-occurring poisonous chemical compound produced by several plants from the family Apiaceae including water hemlock (Cicuta species) and water dropwort (Oenanthe crocata).
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Cinchona
Cinchona (pronounced or) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs.
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Cisuralian
The Cisuralian is the first series/epoch of the Permian.
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Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle—also known as the Krebs cycle, Szent–Györgyi–Krebs cycle or the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle)—is a series of biochemical reactions to release the energy stored in nutrients through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
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Citronella oil
Citronella oilCitronella oil is an essential oil obtained from the leaves and stems of different species of Cymbopogon (lemongrass).
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Citrus
Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae.
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Clay
Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolinite, Al2Si2O5(OH)4).
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Cocaine
Cocaine (from, from, ultimately from Quechua: kúka) is a tropane alkaloid that acts as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant.
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Coevolution
In biology, coevolution occurs when two or more species reciprocally affect each other's evolution through the process of natural selection.
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Colchicine
Colchicine is a medication used to prevent and treat gout, to treat familial Mediterranean fever and Behçet's disease, and to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction.
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Companion planting
Companion planting in gardening and agriculture is the planting of different crops in proximity for any of a number of different reasons, including weed suppression, pest control, pollination, providing habitat for beneficial insects, maximizing use of space, and to otherwise increase crop productivity. Plant defense against herbivory and Companion planting are biological pest control and chemical ecology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Companion planting
Coprolite
A coprolite (also known as a coprolith) is fossilized feces.
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Crematogaster
Crematogaster is an ecologically diverse genus of ants found worldwide, which are characterised by a distinctive heart-shaped gaster (abdomen), which gives them one of their common names, the Saint Valentine ant.
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Cretaceous
The Cretaceous is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya).
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Crop yield
In agriculture, the yield is a measurement of the amount of a crop grown, or product such as wool, meat or milk produced, per unit area of land.
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CSIRO
The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) is an Australian Government agency responsible for scientific research.
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Cyanide
In chemistry, cyanide is a chemical compound that contains a functional group.
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Cytochrome c oxidase
The enzyme cytochrome c oxidase or Complex IV (was, now reclassified as a translocase) is a large transmembrane protein complex found in bacteria, archaea, and the mitochondria of eukaryotes.
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Cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm describes all material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus.
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Cytoskeleton
The cytoskeleton is a complex, dynamic network of interlinking protein filaments present in the cytoplasm of all cells, including those of bacteria and archaea.
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Daniel H. Janzen
Daniel Hunt Janzen (born January 18, 1939, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is an American evolutionary ecologist and conservationist.
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Depressant
Colloquially known as "downers", depressants or central nervous system (CNS) depressants are drugs that lower neurotransmission levels, decrease the electrical activity of brain cells, or reduce arousal or stimulation in various areas of the brain.
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Depressaria radiella
The parsnip moth or parsnip webworm (Depressaria radiella) is a moth of the family Depressariidae.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Depressaria radiella
Derris
Derris is genus of leguminous plants.
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Digestive enzyme
Digestive enzymes take part in the chemical process of digestion, which follows the mechanical process of digestion.
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Digitalis
Digitalis is a genus of about 20 species of herbaceous perennial plants, shrubs, and biennials, commonly called foxgloves.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Digitalis
Digitoxin
Digitoxin is a cardiac glycoside used for the treatment of heart failure and certain kinds of heart arrhythmia.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Digitoxin
DIMBOA
DIMBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) is a naturally occurring hydroxamic acid, a benzoxazinoid.
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Diplacus aurantiacus
Diplacus aurantiacus, the sticky monkey-flower or orange bush monkey-flower, is a flowering plant that grows in a subshrub form, native to southwestern North America from southwestern Oregon south through most of California.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Diplacus aurantiacus
DNA repair
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.
See Plant defense against herbivory and DNA repair
Druse (botany)
A druse is a group of crystals of calcium oxalate, silicates, or carbonates present in plants, and are thought to be a defense against herbivory due to their toxicity. Plant defense against herbivory and druse (botany) are plant physiology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Druse (botany)
Ecological restoration
Ecological restoration, or ecosystem restoration, is the process of assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged, or destroyed.
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Ecological succession
Ecological succession is the process of change in the species that make up an ecological community over time.
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Ecology
Ecology is the natural science of the relationships among living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment.
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Elsevier
Elsevier is a Dutch academic publishing company specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content.
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Endocrine system
The endocrine system is a messenger system in an organism comprising feedback loops of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs.
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Endophyte
An endophyte is an endosymbiont, often a bacterium or fungus, that lives within a plant for at least part of its life cycle without causing apparent disease.
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Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.
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Enzyme inhibitor
An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and blocks its activity.
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Epidermis (botany)
The epidermis (from the Greek ἐπιδερμίς, meaning "over-skin") is a single layer of cells that covers the leaves, flowers, roots and stems of plants.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Epidermis (botany)
Ergoline
Ergoline is a chemical compound whose structural skeleton is contained in a variety of alkaloids, referred to as ergoline derivatives or ergoline alkaloids.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Ergoline
Essential oil
An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile (easily evaporated at normal temperatures) chemical compounds from plants.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Essential oil
Evolution
Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Evolution
Evolution of insects
The most recent understanding of the evolution of insects is based on studies of the following branches of science: molecular biology, insect morphology, paleontology, insect taxonomy, evolution, embryology, bioinformatics and scientific computing.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Evolution of insects
Evolutionary pressure
Evolutionary pressure, selective pressure or selection pressure is exerted by factors that reduce or increase reproductive success in a portion of a population, driving natural selection.
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Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Fatty acid
Fertilizer
A fertilizer (American English) or fertiliser (British English) is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients.
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Fever
Fever or pyrexia in humans is a body temperature above the normal range due to an increase in the body's temperature set point in the hypothalamus.
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Fitness (biology)
Fitness (often denoted w or ω in population genetics models) is a quantitative representation of individual reproductive success.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Fitness (biology)
Flavonoid
Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word flavus, meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Flavonoid
Flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae, commonly called angiosperms.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Flowering plant
Fluoroacetic acid
Fluoroacetic acid is a organofluorine compound with the chemical formula.
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French wine
French wine is produced all throughout France, in quantities between 50 and 60 million hectolitres per year, or 7–8 billion bottles.
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Fumigation
Fumigation is a method of pest control or the removal of harmful microorganisms by completely filling an area with gaseous pesticides, or fumigants, to suffocate or poison the pests within.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Fumigation
Fungus
A fungus (fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
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Gall
Galls (from the Latin galla, 'oak-apple') or cecidia (from the Greek, anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants.
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Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis, also known as infectious diarrhea, is an inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract including the stomach and intestine.
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Gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings.
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Generalist and specialist species
A generalist species is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources (for example, a heterotroph with a varied diet).
See Plant defense against herbivory and Generalist and specialist species
Genus
Genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Genus
Glucosinolate
Glucosinolates are natural components of many pungent plants such as mustard, cabbage, and horseradish. Plant defense against herbivory and Glucosinolate are plant physiology.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Glucosinolate
Glycoside
In chemistry, a glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond.
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Grafting
Grafting or graftage is a horticultural technique whereby tissues of plants are joined so as to continue their growth together.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Grafting
Gummosis
Gummosis is the formation of patches of a gummy substance on the surface of certain plants, particularly fruit trees.
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Habitat
In ecology, habitat refers to the array of resources, physical and biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproduction of a particular species. Plant defense against herbivory and habitat are ecological restoration.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Habitat
Handicap principle
The handicap principle is a disputed hypothesis proposed by the Israeli biologist Amotz Zahavi in 1975.
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Heliconius
Heliconius comprises a colorful and widespread genus of brush-footed butterflies commonly known as the longwings or heliconians.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Heliconius
Hemiptera
Hemiptera is an order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising over 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, assassin bugs, bed bugs, and shield bugs.
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Herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet. Plant defense against herbivory and herbivore are herbivory.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Herbivore
Herbivore adaptations to plant defense
Herbivores are dependent on plants for food, and have coevolved mechanisms to obtain this food despite the evolution of a diverse arsenal of plant defenses against herbivory. Plant defense against herbivory and herbivore adaptations to plant defense are Antipredator adaptations and herbivory.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Herbivore adaptations to plant defense
History of plant breeding
Plant breeding started with sedentary agriculture, particularly the domestication of the first agricultural plants, a practice which is estimated to date back 9,000 to 11,000 years.
See Plant defense against herbivory and History of plant breeding
Holly
Ilex or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family.
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Hyaloperonospora parasitica
Hyaloperonospora parasitica is an oomycete from the family Peronosporaceae.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Hyaloperonospora parasitica
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen cyanide (formerly known as prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula. It is a highly toxic and flammable liquid that boils slightly above room temperature, at. HCN is produced on an industrial scale and is a highly valued precursor to many chemical compounds ranging from polymers to pharmaceuticals.
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Hydroxy group
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom.
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Impala
The impala or rooibok (Aepyceros melampus) is a medium-sized antelope found in eastern and southern Africa.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Impala
Inducible plant defenses against herbivory
Plants and herbivores have co-evolved together for 350 million years. Plant defense against herbivory and Inducible plant defenses against herbivory are Antipredator adaptations and herbivory.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Inducible plant defenses against herbivory
Interspecies communication
Interspecies communication is communication between different species of animals, plants, or microorganisms.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Interspecies communication
Irritation
Irritation, in biology and physiology, is a state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Irritation
Isoprene
Isoprene, or 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, is a common volatile organic compound with the formula CH2.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Isoprene
Japanese beetle
The Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) is a species of scarab beetle.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Japanese beetle
Jesuit's bark
Jesuit's bark, also known as cinchona bark, Peruvian bark or China bark, is a former remedy for malaria, as the bark contains quinine used to treat the disease.
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Journal of the Chemical Society
The Journal of the Chemical Society was a scientific journal established by the Chemical Society in 1849 as the Quarterly Journal of the Chemical Society.
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Kairomone
A kairomone (a coinage using the Greek καιρός opportune moment, paralleling pheromone"kairomone, n.". OED Online. September 2012. Oxford University Press. http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/241005?redirectedFrom. Plant defense against herbivory and kairomone are chemical ecology.
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Kudu
The kudus are two species of antelope of the genus Tragelaphus.
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Latex
Latex is an emulsion (stable dispersion) of polymer microparticles in water.
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Lathyrus sativus
Lathyrus sativus, also known as grass pea, cicerchia, blue sweet pea, chickling pea, chickling vetch, Indian pea, white pea and white vetch, is a legume (family Fabaceae) commonly grown for human consumption and livestock feed in Asia and East Africa.
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Laticifer
A laticifer is a type of elongated secretory cell found in the leaves and/or stems of plants that produce latex and rubber as secondary metabolites.
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Leaf miner
A leaf miner is any one of numerous species of insects in which the larval stage lives in, and eats, the leaf tissue of plants.
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Lectin
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are highly specific for sugar groups that are part of other molecules, so cause agglutination of particular cells or precipitation of glycoconjugates and polysaccharides.
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Legume
Legumes are plants in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seeds of such plants.
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Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera or lepidopterans is an order of winged insects that includes butterflies and moths.
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Lignin
Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants.
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Limiting factor
A limiting factor is a variable of a system that causes a noticeable change in output or another measure of a type of system.
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Limonene
Limonene is a colorless liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon classified as a cyclic monoterpene, and is the major component in the volatile oil of citrus fruit peels.
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List of beneficial weeds
This is a list of undomesticated or feral plants, generally considered weeds, yet having some positive effects or uses, often being ideal as companion plants in gardens. Plant defense against herbivory and list of beneficial weeds are biological pest control.
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List of companion plants
This is a list of companion plants, traditionally planted together. Plant defense against herbivory and list of companion plants are sustainable agriculture.
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List of pest-repelling plants
This list of pest-repelling plants includes plants used for their ability to repel insects, nematodes, and other pests. Plant defense against herbivory and list of pest-repelling plants are biological pest control.
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Lolium arundinaceum
Lolium arundinaceum, tall fescue is a cool-season perennial C3 species of grass that is native to Europe.
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Macaranga
Macaranga is a large genus of Old World tropical trees of the family Euphorbiaceae and the only genus in the subtribe Macaranginae (tribe Acalypheae).
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Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates.
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Mammal
A mammal is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia.
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Mandibulata
Mandibulata, is one of two major clades of living arthropods alongside Chelicerata.
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Mandragora (genus)
Mandragora is a plant genus belonging to the nightshade family (Solanaceae).
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Mandragora officinarum
Mandragora officinarum is the type species of the plant genus Mandragora in the nightshade family Solanaceae.
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Medication
A medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.
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Medicinal plants
Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times.
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Menthol
Menthol is an organic compound, more specifically a monoterpenoid, made synthetically or obtained from the oils of corn mint, peppermint, or other mints.
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Mesozoic
The Mesozoic Era is the penultimate era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about, comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods.
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Mimicry in plants
In evolutionary biology, mimicry in plants is where a plant organism evolves to resemble another organism physically or chemically, increasing the mimic's Darwinian fitness.
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Mimosa pudica
Mimosa pudica (also called sensitive plant, sleepy plant, action plant, humble plant, touch-me-not, touch-and-die, or shameplant) is a creeping annual or perennial flowering plant of the pea/legume family Fabaceae.
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Moa
Moa (order Dinornithiformes) are an extinct group of flightless birds formerly endemic to New Zealand.
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Morphine
Morphine, formerly also called morphia, is an opiate that is found naturally in opium, a dark brown resin produced by drying the latex of opium poppies (Papaver somniferum).
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Motion sickness
Motion sickness occurs due to a difference between actual and expected motion.
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Mutualism (biology)
Mutualism describes the ecological interaction between two or more species where each species has a net benefit.
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Nectar
Nectar is a viscous, sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide herbivore protection. Plant defense against herbivory and nectar are plant physiology.
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Neotropical realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface.
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Nerve
A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibers (called axons) in the peripheral nervous system.
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Nicotine
Nicotine is a naturally produced alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants (most predominantly in tobacco and Duboisia hopwoodii) and is widely used recreationally as a stimulant and anxiolytic.
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Nitrogen
Nitrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol N and atomic number 7.
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Nucleic acid
Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that are crucial in all cells and viruses.
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Nutrient
A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce.
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Oecologia
Oecologia is an international peer-reviewed English-language journal published by Springer since 1968 (some articles were published in German or French until 1976).
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Opium
Opium (or poppy tears, scientific name: Lachryma papaveris) is dried latex obtained from the seed capsules of the opium poppy Papaver somniferum.
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Ordovician
The Ordovician is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era.
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Organic farming
Organic farming, also known as ecological farming or biological farming,Labelling, article 30 of is an agricultural system that uses fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting. Plant defense against herbivory and organic farming are sustainable agriculture.
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Organic horticulture
Organic horticulture is the science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants by following the essential principles of organic agriculture in soil building and conservation, pest management, and heirloom variety preservation. Plant defense against herbivory and organic horticulture are sustainable agriculture.
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Osmosis
Osmosis is the spontaneous net movement or diffusion of solvent molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane from a region of high water potential (region of lower solute concentration) to a region of low water potential (region of higher solute concentration), in the direction that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides.
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Ovipositor
The ovipositor is a tube-like organ used by some animals, especially insects, for the laying of eggs.
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Oxalyldiaminopropionic acid
Oxalyldiaminopropionic acid (ODAP) is a structural analogue of the neurotransmitter glutamate found in the grass pea Lathyrus sativus.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
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Paclitaxel
Paclitaxel, sold under the brand name Taxol among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer, and pancreatic cancer.
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Parsnip
The parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) is a root vegetable closely related to carrot and parsley, all belonging to the flowering plant family Apiaceae.
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Passiflora
Passiflora, known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, is a genus of about 550 species of flowering plants, the type genus of the family Passifloraceae.
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Pathogen
In biology, a pathogen (πάθος, "suffering", "passion" and -γενής, "producer of"), in the oldest and broadest sense, is any organism or agent that can produce disease.
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Pelargonium
Pelargonium is a genus of flowering plants that includes about 280 species of perennials, succulents, and shrubs, commonly called geraniums, pelargoniums, or storksbills.
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Peptide
Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
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Pesticide
Pesticides are substances that are used to control pests.
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Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the science of drugs and medications, including a substance's origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.
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Phosphodiester bond
In chemistry, a phosphodiester bond occurs when exactly two of the hydroxyl groups in phosphoric acid react with hydroxyl groups on other molecules to form two ester bonds.
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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a system of biological processes by which photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical energy necessary to fuel their metabolism. Plant defense against herbivory and Photosynthesis are plant physiology.
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Phylloxera
Grape phylloxera is an insect pest of grapevines worldwide, originally native to eastern North America.
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Phytoalexin
Phytoalexins are antimicrobial substances, some of which are antioxidative as well.
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Phytolith
Phytoliths (from Greek, "plant stone") are rigid, microscopic structures made of silica, found in some plant tissues and persisting after the decay of the plant. Plant defense against herbivory and Phytolith are plant physiology.
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Pinene
Pinene is a collection of unsaturated bicyclic monoterpenes.
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Pinguicula
Pinguicula, commonly known as butterworts, is a genus of carnivorous flowering plants in the family Lentibulariaceae.
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Pitcher plant
Pitcher plants are several different carnivorous plants that have modified leaves known as pitfall traps—a prey-trapping mechanism featuring a deep cavity filled with digestive liquid.
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Plant
Plants are the eukaryotes that form the kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly photosynthetic.
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Plant breeding
Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics.
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Plant communication
Plants are exposed to many stress factors such as disease, temperature changes, herbivory, injury and more. Plant defense against herbivory and Plant communication are chemical ecology and plant physiology.
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Plant disease resistance
Plant disease resistance protects plants from pathogens in two ways: by pre-formed structures and chemicals, and by infection-induced responses of the immune system. Plant defense against herbivory and plant disease resistance are chemical ecology.
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Plant perception (physiology)
Plant perception is the ability of plants to sense and respond to the environment by adjusting their morphology and physiology. Plant defense against herbivory and plant perception (physiology) are plant physiology.
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Plant tolerance to herbivory
Tolerance is the ability of plants to mitigate the negative fitness effects caused by herbivory. Plant defense against herbivory and plant tolerance to herbivory are herbivory.
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Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense
Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense occurs when endophytic fungi, which live symbiotically with the majority of plants by entering their cells, are utilized as an indirect defense against herbivores. Plant defense against herbivory and plant use of endophytic fungi in defense are biological pest control, herbivory, plant physiology and sustainable agriculture.
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Plant-induced systemic resistance
Induced systemic resistance (ISR) is a resistance mechanism in plants that is activated by infection. Plant defense against herbivory and plant-induced systemic resistance are plant physiology.
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Poaceae
Poaceae, also called Gramineae, is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses.
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Poison
A poison is any chemical substance that is harmful or lethal to living organisms.
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Pollination
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma of a plant, later enabling fertilisation and the production of seeds.
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Polyphenol
Polyphenols are a large family of naturally occurring phenols.
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Polyyne
A polyyne is any organic compound with alternating single and triple bonds; that is, a series of consecutive alkynes, with n greater than 1.
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Predation
Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey. Plant defense against herbivory and Predation are biological pest control.
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Proanthocyanidin
Proanthocyanidins are a class of polyphenols found in many plants, such as cranberry, blueberry, and grape seeds.
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Proximate cause
In law and insurance, a proximate cause is an event sufficiently related to an injury that the courts deem the event to be the cause of that injury.
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Pulvinus
A pulvinus (pl. pulvini) is a joint-like thickening at the base of a plant leaf or leaflet that facilitates growth-independent movement.
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Pyrethrin
The pyrethrins are a class of organic compounds normally derived from Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium that have potent insecticidal activity by targeting the nervous systems of insects. Plant defense against herbivory and pyrethrin are biological pest control.
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Qualitative property
Qualitative properties are properties that are observed and can generally not be measured with a numerical result.
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Quantitative research
Quantitative research is a research strategy that focuses on quantifying the collection and analysis of data.
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Quinine
Quinine is a medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis.
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Quisqualic acid
Quisqualic acid is an agonist of the AMPA, kainate, and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors.
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Raphide
Raphides (singular raphide or raphis) are needle-shaped crystals of calcium oxalate monohydrate (prismatic monoclinic crystals) or calcium carbonate as aragonite (dipyramidal orthorhombic crystals), found in more than 200 families of plants. Plant defense against herbivory and raphide are plant physiology.
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Rapid plant movement
Rapid plant movement encompasses movement in plant structures occurring over a very short period, usually under one second. Plant defense against herbivory and Rapid plant movement are plant physiology.
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Recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA (rDNA) molecules are DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods of genetic recombination (such as molecular cloning) that bring together genetic material from multiple sources, creating sequences that would not otherwise be found in the genome.
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Red blood cell
Red blood cells (RBCs), referred to as erythrocytes (with -cyte translated as 'cell' in modern usage) in academia and medical publishing, also known as red cells, erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen to the body tissues—via blood flow through the circulatory system.
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Reginald Henry Painter
Reginald Henry Painter (12 September 1901 – 23 December 1968) was an American entomologist and agronomist who was a specialist on plant adaptations against insects and their use for agriculture.
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Reproduction
Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents.
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Resin
In polymer chemistry and materials science, a resin is a solid or highly viscous substance of plant or synthetic origin that is typically convertible into polymers.
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Rhododendron
Rhododendron (rhododendra) is a very large genus of about 1,024 species of woody plants in the heath family (Ericaceae).
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Rhynie chert
The Rhynie chert is a Lower Devonian sedimentary deposit exhibiting extraordinary fossil detail or completeness (a Lagerstätte).
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Royal Institution Christmas Lectures
The Royal Institution Christmas Lectures are a series of lectures on a single topic each, which have been held at the Royal Institution in London each year since 1825.
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Royal Society of Chemistry
The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) is a learned society and professional association in the United Kingdom with the goal of "advancing the chemical sciences".
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Rutgers University
Rutgers University, officially Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, is a public land-grant research university consisting of four campuses in New Jersey.
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Sand
Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles.
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Saponin
Saponins (Latin "sapon", soap + "-in", one of), also selectively referred to as triterpene glycosides, are bitter-tasting usually toxic plant-derived organic chemicals that have a foamy quality when agitated in water.
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Scopolamine
Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, or Devil's Breath, is a natural or synthetically produced tropane alkaloid and anticholinergic drug that is used as a medication to treat motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting.
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Secondary metabolite
Secondary metabolites, also called specialised metabolites, toxins, secondary products, or natural products, are organic compounds produced by any lifeform, e.g. bacteria, fungi, animals, or plants, which are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the organism. Plant defense against herbivory and secondary metabolite are chemical ecology.
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Seed dormancy
Seed dormancy is an evolutionary adaptation that prevents seeds from germinating during unsuitable ecological conditions that would typically lead to a low probability of seedling survival.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Seed dormancy
Seed predation
Seed predation, often referred to as granivory, is a type of plant-animal interaction in which granivores (seed predators) feed on the seeds of plants as a main or exclusive food source,Hulme, P.E. and Benkman, C.W. (2002) "Granivory", pp. Plant defense against herbivory and seed predation are herbivory.
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Semiochemical
A semiochemical, from the Greek σημεῖον (semeion), meaning "signal", is a chemical substance or mixture released by an organism that affects the behaviors of other individuals. Plant defense against herbivory and semiochemical are chemical ecology.
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Silibinin
Silibinin (INN), also known as silybin (both from Silybum, the generic name of the plant from which it is extracted), is the major active constituent of silymarin, a standardized extract of the milk thistle, containing a mixture of flavonolignans consisting of silibinin, isosilibinin, silychristin, silidianin, and others.
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Silicon
Silicon is a chemical element; it has symbol Si and atomic number 14.
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Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula, commonly found in nature as quartz.
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Socioeconomics
Socioeconomics (also known as social economics) is the social science that studies how economic activity affects and is shaped by social processes.
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Sodium/iodide cotransporter
The sodium/iodide cotransporter, also known as the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC5A5 gene.
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Soil
Soil, also commonly referred to as earth or dirt, is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support the life of plants and soil organisms.
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Speciation
Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species.
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Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.
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Sterol
Sterol is an organic compound with formula, whose molecule is derived from that of gonane by replacement of a hydrogen atom on C3 position by a hydroxyl group.
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Strychnine
Strychnine (US chiefly) is a highly toxic, colorless, bitter, crystalline alkaloid used as a pesticide, particularly for killing small vertebrates such as birds and rodents.
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Sue Hartley
Susan Elaine Hartley is a British ecologist and is Vice-President for Research at the University of Sheffield.
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Sustainable agriculture
Sustainable agriculture is farming in sustainable ways meeting society's present food and textile needs, without compromising the ability for current or future generations to meet their needs.
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Sustainable gardening
Sustainable gardening includes the more specific sustainable landscapes, sustainable landscape design, sustainable landscaping, sustainable landscape architecture, resulting in sustainable sites.
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Sustainable landscaping
Sustainable landscaping is a modern type of gardening or landscaping that takes the environmental issue of sustainability into account.
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Systemic acquired resistance
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a "whole-plant" resistance response that occurs following an earlier localized exposure to a pathogen. Plant defense against herbivory and Systemic acquired resistance are plant physiology.
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Tannin
Tannins (or tannoids) are a class of astringent, polyphenolic biomolecules that bind to and precipitate proteins and various other organic compounds including amino acids and alkaloids.
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Taxus brevifolia
Taxus brevifolia, the Pacific yew or western yew, is a species of tree in the yew family Taxaceae native to the Pacific Northwest of North America.
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Terpene
Terpenes are a class of natural products consisting of compounds with the formula (C5H8)n for n ≥ 2.
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Terpenoid
The terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a class of naturally occurring organic chemicals derived from the 5-carbon compound isoprene and its derivatives called terpenes, diterpenes, etc.
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Terrestrial plant
A terrestrial plant is a plant that grows on, in, or from land.
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The enemy of my enemy is my friend
"The enemy of my enemy is my friend" is an ancient proverb which suggests that two parties can or should work together against a common enemy.
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Thigmonasty
In biology, thigmonasty or seismonasty is the nastic (non-directional) response of a plant or fungus to touch or vibration. Plant defense against herbivory and thigmonasty are plant physiology.
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Toxicology
Toxicology is a scientific discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, that involves the study of the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms and the practice of diagnosing and treating exposures to toxins and toxicants.
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Toxin
A toxin is a naturally occurring poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. Plant defense against herbivory and toxin are chemical ecology.
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Transgene
A transgene is a gene that has been transferred naturally, or by any of a number of genetic engineering techniques, from one organism to another.
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Trichome
Trichomes are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists.
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Tritrophic interactions in plant defense
Tritrophic interactions in plant defense against herbivory describe the ecological impacts of three trophic levels on each other: the plant, the herbivore, and its natural enemies. Plant defense against herbivory and Tritrophic interactions in plant defense are Antipredator adaptations, biological pest control, chemical ecology and herbivory.
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Trophic level
The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies in a food web.
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Trypsin
Trypsin is an enzyme in the first section of the small intestine that starts the digestion of protein molecules by cutting long chains of amino acids into smaller pieces.
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Turgor pressure
Turgor pressure is the force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall.
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Vacuole
A vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle which is present in plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal, and bacterial cells.
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Vegetation
Vegetation is an assemblage of plant species and the ground cover they provide.
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Venus flytrap
The Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) is a carnivorous plant native to the temperate and subtropical wetlands of North Carolina and South Carolina, on the East Coast of the United States.
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Vertebrate
Vertebrates are deuterostomal animals with bony or cartilaginous axial endoskeleton — known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone — around and along the spinal cord, including all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
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Vincent Dethier
Vincent Gaston Dethier (February 20, 1915 – September 8, 1993) was an American physiologist and entomologist.
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Vine
A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners.
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Vineyard
A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes, and non-alcoholic grape juice.
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Vitamin D
Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and for many other biological effects.
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Vitis labrusca
Vitis labrusca, the fox grape, is a species of grapevines belonging to the Vitis genus in the flowering plant family Vitaceae.
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Volatile organic compound
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic compounds that have a high vapor pressure at room temperature.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Volatile organic compound
Volatility (chemistry)
In chemistry, volatility is a material quality which describes how readily a substance vaporizes.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Volatility (chemistry)
Wildlife garden
A wildlife garden (or habitat garden or backyard restoration) is an environment created with the purpose to serve as a sustainable haven for surrounding wildlife. Plant defense against herbivory and wildlife garden are ecological restoration.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Wildlife garden
Wiley (publisher)
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley, is an American multinational publishing company that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Wiley (publisher)
Willow
Willows, also called sallows and osiers, of the genus Salix, comprise around 350 species (plus numerous hybrids) of typically deciduous trees and shrubs, found primarily on moist soils in cold and temperate regions.
See Plant defense against herbivory and Willow
See also
Antipredator adaptations
- Adaptations of Australian animals to cane toads
- Alarm signal
- Animal suicide
- Anti-predator adaptation
- Aposematism
- Apparent death
- Autohaemorrhaging
- Autothysis
- Autotomy
- Batesian mimicry
- Camouflage
- Cephalopod ink
- Counter-illumination
- Countershading
- Crypsis
- Deimatic behaviour
- Distraction display
- Evisceration (autotomy)
- Eyespot (mimicry)
- Fecal shield
- Gaping (animal behavior)
- Herbivore adaptations to plant defense
- Inducible plant defenses against herbivory
- Müllerian mimicry
- Mobbing (animal behavior)
- Motion camouflage
- Nocturnality
- Opaline gland
- Pearl body
- Periodical cicadas
- Plant defense against herbivory
- Polymorphism (biology)
- Predator satiation
- Self-decoration camouflage
- Tritrophic interactions in plant defense
- Ultrasound avoidance
- Underwater camouflage
- Unkenreflex
- Urticating hair
- Volvation
- Warning coloration
Chemical ecology
- Alarm signal
- Allelopathy
- Allomone
- Animal repellent
- Aposematism
- Attractant
- Batesian mimicry
- Bumblebee communication
- Chemical defense
- Chemical defenses in Cannabis
- Chemical ecology
- Chemical mimicry
- Companion planting
- Escape and radiate coevolution
- Floral scent
- Green leaf volatiles
- Injury in plants
- Insect pheromones
- Insect repellent
- Journal of Chemical Ecology
- Kairomone
- Müllerian mimicry
- Mating disruption
- Nasonov's gland
- Pheromone
- Pheromone trap
- Pheromones
- Phytoalexins
- Phytoecdysteroid
- Plant communication
- Plant defense against herbivory
- Plant disease resistance
- Plant toxins
- Preorbital gland
- Push–pull agricultural pest management
- Secondary metabolite
- Secondary metabolites
- Semiochemical
- Sex pheromone
- Toxin
- Trail pheromone
- Trap crop
- Tritrophic interactions in plant defense
Habitat management equipment and methods
- Adaptive management
- Afforestation
- Agroecology
- Agroforestry
- Animal repellent
- April Salome Forest Management Area
- Aquatic plant management
- Australian Dung Beetle Project
- Biotic stress
- Chainsaw
- Coarse woody debris
- Cold fire (Noongar fire type)
- Community based forest management in the Philippines
- Conifer release
- Conservation grazing
- Controlled burn
- Coppicing
- Crop wild relative
- Cross-boundary subsidy
- Cultural burning
- Dead hedge
- Flail mower
- Forest degradation
- Forest inventory
- Forest management
- High forest
- Hydroseeding
- Insect hotel
- Land imprinter
- Loppers
- Mitigation banking
- Mycoforestry
- Nest box
- Phytosociology
- Pin-point method (ecology)
- Plant defense against herbivory
- Pollarding
- Pruning shears
- Root trainer
- Sally saw
- Seed drill
- Sheet mulching
- Sowing
- String trimmer
- Trails
- Tree planting
- Tree shelter
- Variable retention
Herbivory
- Browsing (herbivory)
- Chemical defense
- Florivore
- Folivore
- Frugivore
- Graminivore
- Grazing (behaviour)
- Grazing pressure
- Herbivore
- Herbivore adaptations to plant defense
- Herbivore effects on plant diversity
- Inducible plant defenses against herbivory
- Injury in plants
- Lepidosaur herbivory
- Mustard oil bomb
- Nectarivore
- Palynivore
- Pearl body
- Plant defense against herbivory
- Plant tolerance to herbivory
- Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense
- Seed predation
- Tritrophic interactions in plant defense
- Xylophagy
References
Also known as Antiherbivory, Carbon Nutrient Balance Model, Chemical defence in plants, Chemical defense in plants, Defence against herbivores, Feeding deterrent, Herbivore resistance, Herbivore-induced plant volatile, Herbivory resistance, Host plant resistance, Host-plant resistance, Insect resistance, Insect resistance gene, Insect resistance in crops, Pest tolerance, Phagodeterrence, Phagodeterrent, Plant apparency hypothesis, Plant apparency theory, Plant defence against herbivores, Plant defence against herbivory, Plant defences, Plant defences against herbivores, Plant defense against herbivores, Plant defenses, Plant defenses against herbivory, Plant pest resistance, Plant resistance to insects, Protectant, Protectants.
, Central nervous system, Charles Valentine Riley, Chemical ecology, Chemotherapy, Childbirth, Chili pepper, Chitin, Chitosan, Cholinergic, Chrysanthemum, Cicuta, Cicutoxin, Cinchona, Cisuralian, Citric acid cycle, Citronella oil, Citrus, Clay, Cocaine, Coevolution, Colchicine, Companion planting, Coprolite, Crematogaster, Cretaceous, Crop yield, CSIRO, Cyanide, Cytochrome c oxidase, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Daniel H. Janzen, Depressant, Depressaria radiella, Derris, Digestive enzyme, Digitalis, Digitoxin, DIMBOA, Diplacus aurantiacus, DNA repair, Druse (botany), Ecological restoration, Ecological succession, Ecology, Elsevier, Endocrine system, Endophyte, Enzyme, Enzyme inhibitor, Epidermis (botany), Ergoline, Essential oil, Evolution, Evolution of insects, Evolutionary pressure, Fatty acid, Fertilizer, Fever, Fitness (biology), Flavonoid, Flowering plant, Fluoroacetic acid, French wine, Fumigation, Fungus, Gall, Gastroenteritis, Gene, Generalist and specialist species, Genus, Glucosinolate, Glycoside, Grafting, Gummosis, Habitat, Handicap principle, Heliconius, Hemiptera, Herbivore, Herbivore adaptations to plant defense, History of plant breeding, Holly, Hyaloperonospora parasitica, Hydrogen cyanide, Hydroxy group, Impala, Inducible plant defenses against herbivory, Interspecies communication, Irritation, Isoprene, Japanese beetle, Jesuit's bark, Journal of the Chemical Society, Kairomone, Kudu, Latex, Lathyrus sativus, Laticifer, Leaf miner, Lectin, Legume, Lepidoptera, Lignin, Limiting factor, Limonene, List of beneficial weeds, List of companion plants, List of pest-repelling plants, Lolium arundinaceum, Macaranga, Malaria, Mammal, Mandibulata, Mandragora (genus), Mandragora officinarum, Medication, Medicinal plants, Menthol, Mesozoic, Mimicry in plants, Mimosa pudica, Moa, Morphine, Motion sickness, Mutualism (biology), Nectar, Neotropical realm, Nerve, Nicotine, Nitrogen, Nucleic acid, Nutrient, Oecologia, Opium, Ordovician, Organic farming, Organic horticulture, Osmosis, Ovipositor, Oxalyldiaminopropionic acid, Oxford University Press, Paclitaxel, Parsnip, Passiflora, Pathogen, Pelargonium, Peptide, Pesticide, Pharmacology, Phosphodiester bond, Photosynthesis, Phylloxera, Phytoalexin, Phytolith, Pinene, Pinguicula, Pitcher plant, Plant, Plant breeding, Plant communication, Plant disease resistance, Plant perception (physiology), Plant tolerance to herbivory, Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense, Plant-induced systemic resistance, Poaceae, Poison, Pollination, Polyphenol, Polyyne, Predation, Proanthocyanidin, Proximate cause, Pulvinus, Pyrethrin, Qualitative property, Quantitative research, Quinine, Quisqualic acid, Raphide, Rapid plant movement, Recombinant DNA, Red blood cell, Reginald Henry Painter, Reproduction, Resin, Rhododendron, Rhynie chert, Royal Institution Christmas Lectures, Royal Society of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Sand, Saponin, Scopolamine, Secondary metabolite, Seed dormancy, Seed predation, Semiochemical, Silibinin, Silicon, Silicon dioxide, Socioeconomics, Sodium/iodide cotransporter, Soil, Speciation, Steroid, Sterol, Strychnine, Sue Hartley, Sustainable agriculture, Sustainable gardening, Sustainable landscaping, Systemic acquired resistance, Tannin, Taxus brevifolia, Terpene, Terpenoid, Terrestrial plant, The enemy of my enemy is my friend, Thigmonasty, Toxicology, Toxin, Transgene, Trichome, Tritrophic interactions in plant defense, Trophic level, Trypsin, Turgor pressure, Vacuole, Vegetation, Venus flytrap, Vertebrate, Vincent Dethier, Vine, Vineyard, Vitamin D, Vitis labrusca, Volatile organic compound, Volatility (chemistry), Wildlife garden, Wiley (publisher), Willow.