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730 relations: Acacia, Adam's Bridge, Affirmative action, Agriculture, Al Jazeera English, Alfred Duraiappah, All Ceylon Tamil Congress, Amnesty International, Ananda Samarakoon, Anatomy, Ancestry.com, Ancient constructions of Sri Lanka, Ancient Greek, Angampora, Angelfire, Anula of Anuradhapura, Anuradhapura, Anuradhapura Kingdom, Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya, Anuradhapura period, Appam, Architecture of ancient Sri Lanka, Article 365 of the Sri Lankan Penal Code, Arunachalam Mahadeva, Aryan race, Asela of Anuradhapura, Ashoka, Asia Cup, Asia Times, Asian Development Bank, Asian Educational Services, Asian Tribune, Association football, Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism, Atthakatha, Australia national cricket team, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Austronesian peoples, Badulla, Baila music, Balangoda Man, Bambarakanda Falls, Bandaranaike–Chelvanayakam Pact, Bandung Conference, Batadombalena, Battle of Vijithapura, Bay of Bengal, BBC, BBC News, Belilena Cave, ... Expand index (680 more) »
- Buddhist states
- Countries and territories where Tamil is an official language
- G15 nations
- Island countries of the Indian Ocean
- Member states of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
- Republics in the Commonwealth of Nations
- Socialist states
- South Asian countries
- States and territories established in 1972
Acacia
Acacia, commonly known as wattles or acacias, is a genus of about of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae.
Adam's Bridge
Adam's Bridge, also known as Rama's Bridge or Rama Setu, is a chain of natural limestone shoals between Pamban Island, also known as Rameswaram Island, off the south-eastern coast of Tamil Nadu, India, and Mannar Island, off the north-western coast of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Adam's Bridge
Affirmative action
Affirmative action (also sometimes called reservations, alternative access, positive discrimination or positive action in various countries' laws and policies) refers to a set of policies and practices within a government or organization seeking to benefit marginalized groups.
See Sri Lanka and Affirmative action
Agriculture
Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, fisheries, and forestry for food and non-food products.
Al Jazeera English
Al Jazeera English (AJE; lit) is a 24-hour English-language news channel operating under Al Jazeera Media Network, which is partially funded by the government of Qatar.
See Sri Lanka and Al Jazeera English
Alfred Duraiappah
Alfred Thangarajah Duraiappah (15 June 1926 – 27 July 1975) was a Sri Lankan lawyer who served as Mayor of Jaffna from 1970 until his assassination.
See Sri Lanka and Alfred Duraiappah
All Ceylon Tamil Congress
All Ceylon Tamil Congress (அகில இலங்கைத் தமிழ்க் காங்கிரஸ்), is the oldest Tamil political party in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and All Ceylon Tamil Congress
Amnesty International
Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom.
See Sri Lanka and Amnesty International
Ananda Samarakoon
Egodahage George Wilfred Alwis Samarakoon (13 January 1911 – 2 April 1962) known as Ananda Samarakoon was a Sri Lankan (Sinhalese) composer and musician.
See Sri Lanka and Ananda Samarakoon
Anatomy
Anatomy is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts.
Ancestry.com
Ancestry.com LLC is an American genealogy company based in Lehi, Utah.
See Sri Lanka and Ancestry.com
Ancient constructions of Sri Lanka
The ancient Sri Lankan people excelled in the construction of tanks (Wevas) or reservoirs, dagobas (or stupas), and palaces in Sri Lanka, as evident from the ruins which displays a rich variety of architectural forms.
See Sri Lanka and Ancient constructions of Sri Lanka
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
See Sri Lanka and Ancient Greek
Angampora
Angampora is a Sinhalese martial art that combines combat techniques, self-defense, sport, exercise, and meditation.
Angelfire
Angelfire is an Internet service that offers website services.
Anula of Anuradhapura
Queen Anula of Anuradhapura (47 BC – 42 BC) was the first queen regnant in Sri Lankan history, as well as the first documented female head of state in Asia.
See Sri Lanka and Anula of Anuradhapura
Anuradhapura
Anuradhapura (translit; translit) is a major city located in the north central plain of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Anuradhapura
Anuradhapura Kingdom
Anuradhapura Kingdom (Sinhala: අනුරාධපුර රාජධානිය, translit: Anurādhapura Rājadhāniya, Tamil: அனுராதபுர இராச்சியம்), named for its capital city, was the second established kingdom in ancient Sri Lanka related to the Sinhalese people.
See Sri Lanka and Anuradhapura Kingdom
Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya
The Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya was an important mahavihara or large Buddhist monastery for Theravada Buddhism in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya
Anuradhapura period
The Anuradhapura period was a period in the history of Sri Lanka of the Anuradhapura Kingdom from 377 BCE to 1017 CE.
See Sri Lanka and Anuradhapura period
Appam
An appa or appam is a type of thin pancake originating from South India and Sri Lanka.
Architecture of ancient Sri Lanka
The architecture of ancient Sri Lanka displays a rich diversity, varying in form and architectural style from the Anuradhapura Kingdom (377 BC–1017) through the Kingdom of Kandy (1469–1815).
See Sri Lanka and Architecture of ancient Sri Lanka
Article 365 of the Sri Lankan Penal Code
Article 365 of the Sri Lankan Penal Code criminalizes "carnal intercourse against the order of nature" and provides for a penalty of up to ten years in prison.
See Sri Lanka and Article 365 of the Sri Lankan Penal Code
Arunachalam Mahadeva
Arunachalam Mahadeva, KCMG (translit; 5 October 1885 – 15 April 1966) was a Ceylon Tamil lawyer, politician and diplomat.
See Sri Lanka and Arunachalam Mahadeva
Aryan race
The Aryan race is a pseudoscientific historical race concept that emerged in the late-19th century to describe people who descend from the Proto-Indo-Europeans as a racial grouping.
Asela of Anuradhapura
Asela was an early monarch of Sri Lanka of the Kingdom of Anuradhapura, based at the ancient capital of Anuradhapura from 215 BC to 205 BC.
See Sri Lanka and Asela of Anuradhapura
Ashoka
Ashoka, also known as Asoka or Aśoka (– 232 BCE), and popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was Emperor of Magadha in the Indian subcontinent from until 232 BCE, and the third ruler from the Mauryan dynasty.
Asia Cup
The Asia Cup (Asian Men's Cricket Championships), officially known as the ACC Men's Asia Cup is a men's international cricket tournament contested between Asian countries in either One Day International format (50 overs) and Twenty20 International format (20 overs) every 2 years.
Asia Times
Asia Times, formerly known as Asia Times Online, is a Hong Kongbased English language news media publishing group, covering politics, economics, business, and culture from an Asian perspective.
Asian Development Bank
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a regional development bank established on 19 December 1966, which is headquartered in 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong, Metro Manila 1550, Philippines.
See Sri Lanka and Asian Development Bank
Asian Educational Services
Asian Educational Services (AES) is a New Delhi, India-based publishing house that specialises in antiquarian reprints of books that were originally published between the 17th and early 20th centuries.
See Sri Lanka and Asian Educational Services
Asian Tribune
The Asian Tribune is an online newspaper.
See Sri Lanka and Asian Tribune
Association football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players each, who primarily use their feet to propel a ball around a rectangular field called a pitch.
See Sri Lanka and Association football
Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism
The Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism (ASEN) is an international, interdisciplinary association for academics, researchers, students, journalists and others directly concerned with advancing the study of ethnicity and nationalism.
See Sri Lanka and Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism
Atthakatha
Aṭṭhakathā (Pali for explanation, commentary) refers to Pali-language Theravadin Buddhist commentaries to the canonical Theravadin Tipitaka.
Australia national cricket team
The Australia men's national cricket team represents Australia in men's international cricket.
See Sri Lanka and Australia national cricket team
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), is the national broadcaster of Australia.
See Sri Lanka and Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Austronesian peoples
The Austronesian peoples, sometimes referred to as Austronesian-speaking peoples, are a large group of peoples in Taiwan, Maritime Southeast Asia, parts of Mainland Southeast Asia, Micronesia, coastal New Guinea, Island Melanesia, Polynesia, and Madagascar that speak Austronesian languages.
See Sri Lanka and Austronesian peoples
Badulla
Badulla (බදුල්ල, பதுளை) is the capital and the largest city of Uva Province situated in the lower central hills of Sri Lanka.
Baila music
Baila (also known as bayila; from the Portuguese verb bailar, meaning to dance) is a form of music, popular in Sri Lanka and among Goan Catholics in India.
Balangoda Man
Balangoda Man refers to hominins from Sri Lanka's late Quaternary period.
See Sri Lanka and Balangoda Man
Bambarakanda Falls
Bambarakanda Falls (also known as Bambarakele Falls) is the tallest waterfall in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Bambarakanda Falls
Bandaranaike–Chelvanayakam Pact
The Bandaranaike–Chelvanayakam Pact was an agreement signed between the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike and the leader of the main Tamil political party in Sri Lanka S. J. V. Chelvanayakam on July 26, 1957.
See Sri Lanka and Bandaranaike–Chelvanayakam Pact
Bandung Conference
The first large-scale Asian–African or Afro–Asian Conference (Konferensi Asia–Afrika), also known as the Bandung Conference, was a meeting of Asian and African states, most of which were newly independent, which took place on 18–24 April 1955 in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
See Sri Lanka and Bandung Conference
Batadombalena
Batadombalena is an archaeological site with evidence of habitation from 8,000 years BCE, Balangoda Man, located from Colombo in Sri Lanka, a two-hour drive from Colombo.
See Sri Lanka and Batadombalena
Battle of Vijithapura
The Battle of Vijithapura was a decisive battle fought in the campaign carried out by Sri Lankan king Dutthagamani against the invading South Indian king Ellalan.
See Sri Lanka and Battle of Vijithapura
Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean.
See Sri Lanka and Bay of Bengal
BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England.
BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.
Belilena Cave
Belilena Cave (කිතුල්ගල බෙලි ලෙන) is a cave in Sri Lanka, located from the town of Kitulgala.
See Sri Lanka and Belilena Cave
Bengal
Geographical distribution of the Bengali language Bengal (Bôṅgo) or endonym Bangla (Bāṅlā) is a historical geographical, ethnolinguistic and cultural term referring to a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal.
Bhikkhu
A bhikkhu (Pali: भिक्खु, Sanskrit: भिक्षु, bhikṣu) is an ordained male in Buddhist monasticism.
Bhikkhunī
A bhikkhunī (𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀼𑀦𑀻) or bhikṣuṇī (भिक्षुणी) is a Buddhist nun, fully ordained female in Buddhist monasticism.
Bhuvanaikabahu VI of Kotte
Bhuvanekabahu VI of Kotte, also known as Sapumal Kumaraya and Chempaka Perumal, was an adopted son of Parakramabahu VI.
See Sri Lanka and Bhuvanaikabahu VI of Kotte
Biodiversity hotspot
A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is threatened by human habitation.
See Sri Lanka and Biodiversity hotspot
Birth rate
Birth rate, also known as natality, is the total number of live human births per 1,000 population for a given period divided by the length of the period in years.
Black and red ware
Black and red ware (BRW) is a South Asian earthenware, associated with the neolithic phase, Harappa, Bronze Age India, Iron Age India, the megalithic and the early historical period.
See Sri Lanka and Black and red ware
Black July
Black July (translit; Kalu Juliya) was an anti-Tamil pogrom that occurred in Sri Lanka during July 1983.
Black-and-white
Black-and-white (B&W or B/W) images combine black and white to produce a range of achromatic brightnesses of grey.
See Sri Lanka and Black-and-white
Bodhi Tree
The Bodhi Tree ("tree of awakening"), also called the Mahabodhi Tree, Bo Tree, is a large sacred fig tree (Ficus religiosa) located in Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India.
Bodhivaṃsa
The Bodhi-Vamsa, or Mahabodhivamsa, is a prose poem in elaborate Sanskritized Pali that recounts the story of the Bodhi tree of Bodh Gaya and Anuradhapura.
Bolo fiado
Bolo Fiado, or Bolo Folhado (බොලෝ ෆියාඩෝ), is a Sri Lankan laminated/layer cake.
Bowling (cricket)
Bowling, in cricket, is the action of propelling the ball toward the wicket defended by a batter.
See Sri Lanka and Bowling (cricket)
Breudher
Breudher, also known as Brueder or Bloeder (pronounced as broo-dhuh), is a traditional Sri Lankan Dutch Burgher buttery yeast cake, baked in a fluted mould.
British Ceylon
British Ceylon (Britānya Laṃkāva; Biritthāṉiya Ilaṅkai), officially British Settlements and Territories in the Island of Ceylon with its Dependencies from 1802 to 1833, then the Island of Ceylon and its Territories and Dependencies from 1833 to 1931 and finally the Island of Ceylon and its Dependencies from 1931 to 1948, was the British Crown colony of present-day Sri Lanka between 1796 and 4 February 1948.
See Sri Lanka and British Ceylon
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.
See Sri Lanka and British Empire
Buddhism
Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE.
Buddhism in Sri Lanka
Theravada Buddhism is the largest and official religion of Sri Lanka, practiced by 70.2% of the population as of 2012.
See Sri Lanka and Buddhism in Sri Lanka
Buddhist councils
Since the death of the historical Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, Buddhist monastic communities ("sangha") have periodically convened to settle doctrinal and disciplinary disputes and to revise and correct the contents of the Buddhist canons.
See Sri Lanka and Buddhist councils
Bundala National Park
Bundala National Park is an internationally important wintering ground for migratory water birds in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Bundala National Park
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
The Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor Affairs (DRL) is a bureau within the United States Department of State.
See Sri Lanka and Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
Burgher people
Burgher people, also known simply as Burghers, are a small Eurasian ethnic group in Sri Lanka descended from Portuguese, Dutch, British and other Europeans who settled in Ceylon.
See Sri Lanka and Burgher people
C. W. W. Kannangara
Dr.
See Sri Lanka and C. W. W. Kannangara
Cabinet (government)
A cabinet in governing is a group of people with the constitutional or legal task to rule a country or state, or advise a head of state, usually from the executive branch.
See Sri Lanka and Cabinet (government)
Cabinet of Sri Lanka
In Sri Lanka, the Cabinet of Ministers is the council of senior ministers responsible and answerable to the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Cabinet of Sri Lanka
Cambodia
Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Mainland Southeast Asia. Sri Lanka and Cambodia are Buddhist states, countries in Asia and member states of the United Nations.
Cambridge
Cambridge is a city and non-metropolitan district in the county of Cambridgeshire, England.
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
See Sri Lanka and Cambridge University Press
Capital city
A capital city or just capital is the municipality holding primary status in a country, state, province, department, or other subnational division, usually as its seat of the government.
See Sri Lanka and Capital city
Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.
Caste
A caste is a fixed social group into which an individual is born within a particular system of social stratification: a caste system.
Catholic Church in Sri Lanka
The Catholic Church in Sri Lanka is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the pope in Rome.
See Sri Lanka and Catholic Church in Sri Lanka
Cūḷavaṃsa
The Cūḷavaṃsa or Chulavamsa (Pāli: "Lesser Chronicle") is a historical record, written in the Pali language, of the monarchs of Sri Lanka.
Central Highlands of Sri Lanka
Central Highlands of Sri Lanka is a recognised World Heritage Site in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Central Highlands of Sri Lanka
Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.
See Sri Lanka and Central Intelligence Agency
Central Province, Sri Lanka
The Central Province (මධ්යම පළාත Madhyama Paḷāta, மத்திய மாகாணம் Madhdhiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Central Province, Sri Lanka
Centre-left politics
Centre-left politics is the range of left-wing political ideologies that lean closer to the political centre and broadly conform with progressivism.
See Sri Lanka and Centre-left politics
Ceylon Citizenship Act
The Ceylon Citizenship Act No.
See Sri Lanka and Ceylon Citizenship Act
Ceylon Civil Service
The Ceylon Civil Service, popularly known by its acronym CCS, was the premier civil service of the Government of Ceylon under British colonial rule and in the immediate post-independence period.
See Sri Lanka and Ceylon Civil Service
Ceylon–China Trade Agreement of 1952
The Ceylon–China Trade Agreement of 1952, also known as the Rubber-Rice Pact, was an international trade agreement between the People's Republic of China and the Dominion of Ceylon (now known as Sri Lanka), signed on 18 December 1952 and lasting for 30 years.
See Sri Lanka and Ceylon–China Trade Agreement of 1952
Chandrabhanu
Chandrabhanu (died 1262) or Chandrabhanu Sridhamaraja was the King of Tambralinga Kingdom in present-day Thailand, Malaysia and Sumatra and the Jaffna Kingdom in northern Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Chandrabhanu
Che Guevara
Ernesto "Che" Guevara (14 June 1928The date of birth recorded on was 14 June 1928, although one tertiary source, (Julia Constenla, quoted by Jon Lee Anderson), asserts that he was actually born on 14 May of that year. Constenla alleges that she was told by Che's mother, Celia de la Serna, that she was already pregnant when she and Ernesto Guevara Lynch were married and that the date on the birth certificate of their son was forged to make it appear that he was born a month later than the actual date to avoid scandal.
Cheena di
Cheena di (former in contemporary Sinhalese), or Cheenaadi, or occasionally, Chinna ati / Chaina pudi; and in Malayalam Cheena Adi, is a Chinese-derived martial art in Sri Lanka.
Chief executive (head of government)
Chief executive is a term used for a head of government that allows its holder to perform various functions.
See Sri Lanka and Chief executive (head of government)
Chief Justice of Sri Lanka
The chief justice of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is the head of the judiciary of Sri Lanka and the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Chief Justice of Sri Lanka
Chinese language
Chinese is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in China.
See Sri Lanka and Chinese language
Chinese people
The Chinese people, or simply Chinese, are people or ethnic groups identified with China, usually through ethnicity, nationality, citizenship, or other affiliation.
See Sri Lanka and Chinese people
Chinese people in Sri Lanka
Chinese people in Sri Lanka or Sri Lankan Chinese (ශ්රී ලාංකික චීන; இலங்கை சீனர்கள்), are Sri Lankan citizens of full or partial Chinese descent born or raised in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Chinese people in Sri Lanka
Chloroxylon
Chloroxylon is a genus of trees in the family Rutaceae.
Chola conquest of Anuradhapura
The Chola conquest of Anuradhapura was a military invasion of the Kingdom of Anuradhapura by the Chola Empire.
See Sri Lanka and Chola conquest of Anuradhapura
Chola dynasty
The Chola dynasty was a Tamil dynasty originating from southern India.
See Sri Lanka and Chola dynasty
Chola Empire
The Chola Empire, which is often referred to as the Imperial Cholas, was a medieval Indian, thalassocratic empire that was established by the Chola dynasty that rose to prominence during the middle of the ninth century and united southern India under their rule.
See Sri Lanka and Chola Empire
Christian mission
A Christian mission is an organized effort to carry on evangelism or other activities, such as educational or hospital work, in the name of the Christian faith.
See Sri Lanka and Christian mission
Christianity in Sri Lanka
Christianity is a minority religion in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Christianity in Sri Lanka
Christmas
Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.
Church of Ceylon
The Church of Ceylon (translit) is the Anglican Church in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Church of Ceylon
Cinnabar
Cinnabar, or cinnabarite, also known as mercurblende is the bright scarlet to brick-red form of mercury(II) sulfide (HgS).
Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus Cinnamomum.
Clarence Wijewardena
Vithana Kuruppu Arachchilage Clarence Arthur Somasinghe Wijewardena JP (ක්ලැරන්ස් විජේවර්ධන, கிளாரன்ஸ் விஜேவர்தன; 3 August 1943 – 13 December 1996), known professionally as Clarence Wijewardena, was a Sri Lankan singer, composer and musician.
See Sri Lanka and Clarence Wijewardena
Coconut milk
Coconut milk is an opaque, milky-white liquid extracted from the grated pulp of mature coconuts.
See Sri Lanka and Coconut milk
Coffee
Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted coffee beans.
Colebrooke–Cameron Commission
The Colebrooke–Cameron Commission was appointed in 1833 as a Royal Commission of Eastern Inquiry by the British Colonial Office to assess the administration of the island of Ceylon and to make recommendations for administrative, financial, economic, and judicial reform.
See Sri Lanka and Colebrooke–Cameron Commission
Colombo
Colombo (translit,; translit) is the executive and judicial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka by population.
Colombo National Museum
The Colombo National Museum, also known as the Sri Lanka National Museum, is a museum in Colombo and the largest in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Colombo National Museum
Colombo Plan
The Colombo Plan is a regional intergovernmental organization that began operations on 1 July 1951. The organization was conceived at an international conference, The Commonwealth Conference on Foreign Affairs held in Colombo, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) in January 1950, and was attended by the finance ministers of Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, Ceylon, Pakistan and New Zealand, and the prime ministers of Ceylon and India. Membership has expanded significantly over the years to the current 28 governments.
See Sri Lanka and Colombo Plan
Colombo Stock Exchange
The Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) (translit; கொழும்பு பங்கு பரிவர்த்தனை) is the main stock exchange in Sri Lanka that utilizes an electronic trading platform.
See Sri Lanka and Colombo Stock Exchange
Columbia University Press
Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University.
See Sri Lanka and Columbia University Press
Commander-in-chief
A commander-in-chief or supreme commander is the person who exercises supreme command and control over an armed force or a military branch.
See Sri Lanka and Commander-in-chief
Common law
Common law (also known as judicial precedent, judge-made law, or case law) is the body of law created by judges and similar quasi-judicial tribunals by virtue of being stated in written opinions.
Commonwealth of Nations
The Commonwealth of Nations, often simply referred to as the Commonwealth, is an international association of 56 member states, the vast majority of which are former territories of the British Empire from which it developed.
See Sri Lanka and Commonwealth of Nations
Communist Party of Sri Lanka
The Communist Party of Sri Lanka (Sri Lankavay Komiyunist Pakshaya translit) is a communist party in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Communist Party of Sri Lanka
Compulsory education
Compulsory education refers to a period of education that is required of all people and is imposed by the government.
See Sri Lanka and Compulsory education
Concubinage
Concubinage is an interpersonal and sexual relationship between two people in which the couple does not want to, or cannot, enter into a full marriage.
Conscription
Conscription is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service.
See Sri Lanka and Conscription
Constitution of Sri Lanka
The Constitution of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Śrī Laṃkā āndukrama vyavasthāva, translit) has been the constitution of the island nation of Sri Lanka since its original promulgation by the National State Assembly on 7 September 1978.
See Sri Lanka and Constitution of Sri Lanka
Controlled-access highway
A controlled-access highway is a type of highway that has been designed for high-speed vehicular traffic, with all traffic flow—ingress and egress—regulated.
See Sri Lanka and Controlled-access highway
Cooking banana
Cooking bananas are a group of starchy banana cultivars in the genus Musa whose fruits are generally used in cooking.
See Sri Lanka and Cooking banana
Copper (color)
Copper is a reddish brown color that resembles the metal copper.
See Sri Lanka and Copper (color)
Coral reef
A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals.
Creole language
A creole language, or simply creole, is a stable natural language that develops from the process of different languages simplifying and mixing into a new form (often a pidgin), and then that form expanding and elaborating into a full-fledged language with native speakers, all within a fairly brief period.
See Sri Lanka and Creole language
Cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game that is played between two teams of eleven players on a field, at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps.
Cricket World Cup
The Cricket World Cup (officially known as ICC Men's Cricket World Cup) is the international championship of One Day International (ODI) cricket.
See Sri Lanka and Cricket World Cup
Crisis of the Sixteenth Century
The Crisis of the Sixteenth Century was the later part of the Transitional period of Sri Lanka, that began with the decline of the Kingdom of Kotte, with the Vijayabā Kollaya (the spoiling of Vijayabahu) in 1521, culminated in the collapse of the Kingdom of Sitawaka, and with Portuguese dominance of Sri Lankan coasts, if not control by 1597, over two of three kingdoms that had existed at the start of the century.
See Sri Lanka and Crisis of the Sixteenth Century
Crown colony
A Crown colony or royal colony was a colony governed by England, and then Great Britain or the United Kingdom within the English and later British Empire.
See Sri Lanka and Crown colony
Cue sports
Cue sports are a wide variety of games of skill played with a cue, which is used to strike billiard balls and thereby cause them to move around a cloth-covered table bounded by elastic bumpers known as.
Culture of Sri Lanka
The culture of Sri Lanka mixes modern elements with traditional aspects and is known for its regional diversity.
See Sri Lanka and Culture of Sri Lanka
Cyclone
In meteorology, a cyclone is a large air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure, counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere as viewed from above (opposite to an anticyclone).
D. S. Senanayake
Don Stephen Senanayake (දොන් ස්ටෙෆන් සේනානායක; டி.; 20 October 1884 – 22 March 1952) was a Ceylonese statesman.
See Sri Lanka and D. S. Senanayake
Dawn (newspaper)
Dawn is a Pakistani English-language newspaper that was launched in British India by Jinnah in 1941.
See Sri Lanka and Dawn (newspaper)
Dīpavaṃsa
The Dīpavaṃsa (दीपवंस,, "Chronicle of the Island") is the oldest historical record of Sri Lanka.
Deccan thorn scrub forests
The Deccan thorn scrub forests are a xeric shrubland ecoregion of south India and northern Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Deccan thorn scrub forests
Democracy
Democracy (from dēmokratía, dēmos 'people' and kratos 'rule') is a system of government in which state power is vested in the people or the general population of a state.
Department of Forest Conservation (Sri Lanka)
The Department of Forest Conservation (Sinhala: වන සංරක්ෂණ දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව Vana Sanrakshana Departhamenthuwa) is a non-ministerial government department responsible for forestry in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Department of Forest Conservation (Sri Lanka)
Department of Wildlife Conservation (Sri Lanka)
The Department of Wildlife Conservation (Sinhala: වනජීවී සංරක්ෂණ දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව Vanajivi Sanrakshana Departhamenthuwa) is a non-ministerial government department in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Department of Wildlife Conservation (Sri Lanka)
Devanampiya Tissa of Anuradhapura
Tissa, later Devanampiya Tissa, meaning (Loved by Gods), was one of the earliest kings of Sri Lanka based at the ancient capital of Anuradhapura.
See Sri Lanka and Devanampiya Tissa of Anuradhapura
Developing country
A developing country is a sovereign state with a less developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
See Sri Lanka and Developing country
Devolution
Devolution is the statutory delegation of powers from the central government of a sovereign state to govern at a subnational level, such as a regional or local level.
Dharma
Dharma (धर्म) is a key concept with multiple meanings in the Indian religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism), among others.
Dinesh Gunawardena
Dinesh Chandra Rupasinghe Gunawardena (දිනේෂ් චන්ද්ර රූපසිංහ ගුණවර්ධන, தினேஷ் சந்திர ரூபசிங்க குணவர்தன; born 2 March 1949) is a Sri Lankan politician serving as the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka since 22 July 2022.
See Sri Lanka and Dinesh Gunawardena
Districts of Sri Lanka
Districts (Distrikka, Māvaṭṭam) are the second level administrative divisions of Sri Lanka, preceded by provinces.
See Sri Lanka and Districts of Sri Lanka
Divisional secretariats of Sri Lanka
The districts are further divided into administrative sub-units known as divisional secretariats.
See Sri Lanka and Divisional secretariats of Sri Lanka
Dominion
A dominion was any of several largely self-governing countries of the British Empire.
Dominion of Ceylon
CeylonThe Sri Lanka Independence Act 1947 uses the name "Ceylon" for the new dominion; nowhere does that Act use the term "Dominion of Ceylon", which although sometimes used was not the official name.
See Sri Lanka and Dominion of Ceylon
Donoughmore Constitution
The Donoughmore Constitution (translit; translit), created by the Donoughmore Commission, served Sri Lanka (Ceylon) from 1931 to 1947 when it was replaced by the Soulbury Constitution.
See Sri Lanka and Donoughmore Constitution
Duchy
A duchy, also called a dukedom, is a country, territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess, a ruler hierarchically second to the king or queen in Western European tradition.
Dudley Senanayake
Dudley Shelton Senanayake (Sinhala: ඩඩ්ලි ශෙල්ටන් සේනානායක: டட்லி சேனநாயக்கா; 19 June 1911 – 13 April 1973), was a Sri Lankan statesman who served as Prime Minister of Ceylon from 1952 to 1953 (first term as the second prime minister of Ceylon), in 1960 (second term), and from 1965 to 1970 (third term) and Leader of the Opposition from 1960 to 1964.
See Sri Lanka and Dudley Senanayake
Duncan White
Major Deshamanya Duncan M. White MBE, ED (1 March 1918 – 3 July 1998) was a Sri Lankan sportsman.
See Sri Lanka and Duncan White
Dutch Ceylon
Dutch Ceylon (ලන්දේසි ලංකාව; ஒல்லாந்த இலங்கை) was a governorate established in present-day Sri Lanka by the Dutch East India Company.
See Sri Lanka and Dutch Ceylon
Dutch colonial empire
The Dutch colonial empire (Nederlandse koloniale rijk) comprised the overseas territories and trading posts controlled and administered by Dutch chartered companies—mainly the Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company—and subsequently by the Dutch Republic (1581–1795), and by the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands after 1815.
See Sri Lanka and Dutch colonial empire
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, abbreviated as VOC), commonly known as the Dutch East India Company, was a chartered trading company and one of the first joint-stock companies in the world.
See Sri Lanka and Dutch East India Company
Dutch people
The Dutch (Dutch) are an ethnic group native to the Netherlands.
See Sri Lanka and Dutch people
Dutch–Portuguese War
The Dutch–Portuguese War was a global armed conflict involving Dutch forces, in the form of the Dutch East India Company, the Dutch West India Company, and their allies, against the Iberian Union, and after 1640, the Portuguese Empire.
See Sri Lanka and Dutch–Portuguese War
Dutugamunu
Dutugamunu the Great, also known as Duṭṭhagāmaṇī Abhaya, was a king of the Anuradhapura Kingdom who reigned from 161 BC to 137 BC.
East India Company
The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874.
See Sri Lanka and East India Company
Easter
Easter, also called Pascha (Aramaic, Greek, Latin) or Resurrection Sunday, is a Christian festival and cultural holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in the New Testament as having occurred on the third day of his burial following his crucifixion by the Romans at Calvary.
Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
The Eastern Province (கிழக்கு மாகாணம் Kiḻakku Mākāṇam; නැගෙනහිර පළාත Næ̆gĕnahira Paḷāta) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country.
See Sri Lanka and Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
Ebony
Ebony is a dense black/brown hardwood, coming from several species in the genus Diospyros, which also includes the persimmon tree.
Economy of Sri Lanka
The mixed economy of Sri Lanka was worth $84 billion by nominal gross domestic product (GDP) in 2019 and $296.959 billion by purchasing power parity (PPP).
See Sri Lanka and Economy of Sri Lanka
Ediriweera Sarachchandra
Veditantirige Ediriweera Ranjitha Sarachchandra (born Veditantirige Eustace Reginold de Silva; 3 June 1914 – 16 August 1996), popularly known as Ediriweera Sarachchandra එදිරිවීර සරච්චන්ද්ර), was a Sri Lankan playwright, novelist, poet, literary critic, essayist and social commentator.
See Sri Lanka and Ediriweera Sarachchandra
Edward Harper (engineer)
Edward Harper (1873 –) was a British engineer who travelled to Colombo in 1921 to work in the Ceylon Telegraph Department.
See Sri Lanka and Edward Harper (engineer)
Eelam
Eelam (ஈழம், īḻam,, also spelled Eezham, Ilam or Izham in English) is the native Tamil name for the South Asian island now known as Sri Lanka.
Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 19268 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022.
See Sri Lanka and Elizabeth II
Ellalan
Ellalan (translit; translit), also referred to as Elara the Pious, and by the honorific epithet Manu Needhi Cholan, was a member of the Tamil Chola dynasty in Southern India, who upon capturing the throne became king of the Anuradhapura Kingdom, in present-day Sri Lanka, from 205 BCE to 161 BCE.
Encyclopædia Britannica
The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
See Sri Lanka and Encyclopædia Britannica
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species only being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
Enforced disappearances in Sri Lanka
Tens of thousands of people have been disappeared in Sri Lanka since the 1980s.
See Sri Lanka and Enforced disappearances in Sri Lanka
English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures.
Entrenched clause
An entrenched clause or entrenchment clause of a constitution is a provision that makes certain amendments either more difficult or impossible to pass.
See Sri Lanka and Entrenched clause
Epic poetry
An epic poem, or simply an epic, is a lengthy narrative poem typically about the extraordinary deeds of extraordinary characters who, in dealings with gods or other superhuman forces, gave shape to the mortal universe for their descendants.
ESPNcricinfo
ESPNcricinfo (formerly known as Cricinfo or CricInfo) is a sports news website exclusively for the game of cricket.
See Sri Lanka and ESPNcricinfo
Estuary
An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea.
Exclusive economic zone
An exclusive economic zone (EEZ), as prescribed by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is an area of the sea in which a sovereign state has exclusive rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind.
See Sri Lanka and Exclusive economic zone
Executive Council of Ceylon
The Executive Council of Ceylon was the executive council created in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) by the British colonial administration on the recommendations of the Colebrooke-Cameron Commission along with the Legislative Council of Ceylon in March 1833.
See Sri Lanka and Executive Council of Ceylon
Executive president
An executive president is the head of state who exercises authority over the governance of that state, and can be found in presidential, semi-presidential, and parliamentary systems.
See Sri Lanka and Executive president
Expressways of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka currently has over of designated expressways serving the southern and central parts of the country.
See Sri Lanka and Expressways of Sri Lanka
Expulsion of Muslims from the Northern Province of Sri Lanka
The expulsion of the Muslims from the Northern province was an act of ethnic cleansing carried out by the Tamil militant Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) organization in October 1990.
See Sri Lanka and Expulsion of Muslims from the Northern Province of Sri Lanka
Fa Hien Cave
Fa Hien Cave, Faxian Cave, or Pahiyangala Cave is situated in the district of Kalutara, Western Province, Sri Lanka and according to a rural legend, named after an alleged resident during historical times, namely Buddhist monk Faxian, previously romanized as Fa Hien.
See Sri Lanka and Fa Hien Cave
Faxian
Faxian (337–), formerly romanized as Fa-hien and Fa-hsien, was a Chinese Buddhist monk and translator who traveled on foot from Jin China to medieval India to acquire Buddhist scriptures.
Federation of American Scientists
The Federation of American Scientists (FAS) is an American nonprofit global policy think tank with the stated intent of using science and scientific analysis to attempt to make the world more secure.
See Sri Lanka and Federation of American Scientists
Feldspar
Feldspar (sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium.
Fidel Castro
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 2008.
See Sri Lanka and Fidel Castro
Financial crisis
A financial crisis is any of a broad variety of situations in which some financial assets suddenly lose a large part of their nominal value.
See Sri Lanka and Financial crisis
Food and Agriculture Organization
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsOrganisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'alimentazione e l'agricoltura.
See Sri Lanka and Food and Agriculture Organization
Forbes
Forbes is an American business magazine founded by B. C. Forbes in 1917 and owned by Hong Kong-based investment group Integrated Whale Media Investments since 2014.
Four Four Bravo ambush
Four Four Bravo was the call sign of a fifteen-man Sri Lankan Army patrol, deployed in the Jaffna Peninsula on July 23, 1983.
See Sri Lanka and Four Four Bravo ambush
Francis Xavier
Francis Xavier, SJ (born Francisco de Jasso y Azpilicueta; Latin: Franciscus Xaverius; Basque: Frantzisko Xabierkoa; French: François Xavier; Spanish: Francisco Javier; Portuguese: Francisco Xavier; 7 April 15063 December 1552), venerated as Saint Francis Xavier, was born in Navarre, Spain Catholic missionary and saint who co-founded the Society of Jesus and, as a representative of the Portuguese Empire, led the first Christian mission to Japan.
See Sri Lanka and Francis Xavier
Francisco de Almeida
Dom Francisco de Almeida, also known as the Great Dom Francisco (c. 1450 – 1 March 1510), was a Portuguese nobleman, soldier and explorer.
See Sri Lanka and Francisco de Almeida
Free education
Free education is education funded through government spending or charitable organizations rather than tuition funding.
See Sri Lanka and Free education
Free market
In economics, a free market is an economic system in which the prices of goods and services are determined by supply and demand expressed by sellers and buyers.
Freedom from Torture
Freedom from Torture (previously known as The Medical Foundation for the Care of Victims of Torture) is a British registered charity that provides therapeutic care for survivors of torture who seek protection in the UK.
See Sri Lanka and Freedom from Torture
Freedom of the press
Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the fundamental principle that communication and expression through various media, including printed and electronic media, especially published materials, should be considered a right to be exercised freely.
See Sri Lanka and Freedom of the press
Fringing reef
A fringing reef is one of the three main types of coral reef.
See Sri Lanka and Fringing reef
Frontier markets
A frontier market is a term for a type of developing country's market economy which is more developed than a least developed country's, but too small, risky, or illiquid to be generally classified as an emerging market economy.
See Sri Lanka and Frontier markets
Frontline (magazine)
Frontline is a fortnightly English language magazine published by The Hindu Group of publications headquartered in Chennai, India.
See Sri Lanka and Frontline (magazine)
Fulbright Program
The Fulbright Program, including the Fulbright–Hays Program, is one of several United States Cultural Exchange Programs with the goal of improving intercultural relations, cultural diplomacy, and intercultural competence between the people of the United States and other countries through the exchange of persons, knowledge, and skills.
See Sri Lanka and Fulbright Program
G. G. Ponnambalam
Ganapathipillai Gangaser Ponnambalam (கணபதி காங்கேசர் பொன்னம்பலம்; 8 November 1901 – 9 February 1977) was a Ceylon Tamil lawyer, politician and cabinet minister.
See Sri Lanka and G. G. Ponnambalam
Galle
Galle (translit; translit) (formerly Point de Galle) is a major city in Sri Lanka, situated on the southwestern tip, from Colombo.
Galle Trilingual Inscription
The Galle Trilingual Inscription is a stone tablet with an inscription in three languages, Chinese, Tamil and Persian, located in Galle, Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Galle Trilingual Inscription
Gallup, Inc.
Gallup, Inc. is an American multinational analytics and advisory company based in Washington, D.C. Founded by George Gallup in 1935, the company became known for its public opinion polls conducted worldwide.
See Sri Lanka and Gallup, Inc.
Gamperaliya (film)
Gamperaliya is a 1963 Sri Lankan drama film directed by Lester James Peries screenplay, dialogue and the script by Reggie Siriwardena and Tissa Abeysekara; it was adapted from the novel Gamperaliya by Martin Wickramasinghe.
See Sri Lanka and Gamperaliya (film)
Gampola
Gampola (ගම්පොල, கம்பளை) is a town located in Kandy District, in Sri Lanka's Central Province.
Geographical renaming
Geographical renaming is the changing of the name of a geographical feature or area, which ranges from the change of a street name to a change to the name of a country.
See Sri Lanka and Geographical renaming
Gini coefficient
In economics, the Gini coefficient, also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income inequality, the wealth inequality, or the consumption inequality within a nation or a social group.
See Sri Lanka and Gini coefficient
Global Competitiveness Report
The Global Competitiveness Report (GCR) was a yearly report published by the World Economic Forum.
See Sri Lanka and Global Competitiveness Report
Global Innovation Index
The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
See Sri Lanka and Global Innovation Index
Golu Hadawatha
Golu Hadawatha (Translation: The Silent Heart) was a popular 1968 Sinhalese language romance movie directed by Maestro Lester James Peiris.
See Sri Lanka and Golu Hadawatha
Google Maps
Google Maps is a web mapping platform and consumer application offered by Google.
Gotabaya Rajapaksa
Nandasena Gotabaya Rajapaksa, (නන්දසේන ගෝඨාභය රාජපක්ෂ; நந்தசேன கோட்டாபய ராஜபக்ஷ; born 20 June 1949) is a former Sri Lankan politician and military officer, who served as the eighth President of Sri Lanka from 18 November 2019 until his resignation on 14 July 2022.
See Sri Lanka and Gotabaya Rajapaksa
Government Agent (Sri Lanka)
A Government Agent (GA) or a District Secretary is a Sri Lankan civil servant of the Sri Lanka Administrative Service appointed by the central government to govern a certain district of the country.
See Sri Lanka and Government Agent (Sri Lanka)
Government budget balance
The government budget balance, also referred to as the general government balance, public budget balance, or public fiscal balance, is the difference between government revenues and spending.
See Sri Lanka and Government budget balance
Government of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Śrī Lankā Rajaya; இலங்கை அரசாங்கம்) is a Semi-presidential republic determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution.
See Sri Lanka and Government of Sri Lanka
Government of the United Kingdom
The Government of the United Kingdom (formally His Majesty's Government, abbreviated to HM Government) is the central executive authority of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
See Sri Lanka and Government of the United Kingdom
Governors of British Ceylon
The governor of Ceylon was the representative in Ceylon of the British Crown from 1795 to 1948.
See Sri Lanka and Governors of British Ceylon
Grama Niladhari
Grama Niladhari (village officers) (ග්රාම නිලධාරී) is a Sri Lankan public official appointed by the central government to carry out administrative duties in a grama niladhari division, which is a sub-unit of a divisional secretariat.
See Sri Lanka and Grama Niladhari
Graphite
Graphite is a crystalline form of the element carbon.
Great Rebellion of 1817–1818
Great Rebellion of 1817–1818 (ඌව වෙල්ලස්ස මහා කැරැල්ල), also known as the 1818 Uva–Wellassa Rebellion (after the two places it had started), was the third Kandyan War in the Uva and Wellassa provinces of the former Kingdom of Kandy, which is today the Uva province of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Great Rebellion of 1817–1818
Green-billed coucal
The green-billed coucal (Centropus chlororhynchos) is a member of the cuckoos.
See Sri Lanka and Green-billed coucal
Gross domestic product
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country or countries.
See Sri Lanka and Gross domestic product
Group of 77
The Group of 77 (G77) at the United Nations (UN) is a coalition of developing countries, designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations.
Gulf of Mannar
The Gulf of Mannar (Tamil: மண்ணார் வளைகுடா) is a large shallow bay forming part of the Laccadive Sea in the Indian Ocean with an average depth of.
See Sri Lanka and Gulf of Mannar
Hajj
Hajj (translit; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims.
Hambantota International Port
The Hambantota International Port is a deep water port in Hambantota, Sri Lanka, notable for its 99-year lease to China Merchant Ports.
See Sri Lanka and Hambantota International Port
Head of government
In the executive branch, the head of government is the highest or the second-highest official of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony, autonomous region, or other government who often presides over a cabinet, a group of ministers or secretaries who lead executive departments.
See Sri Lanka and Head of government
Head of state
A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona of a sovereign state.
See Sri Lanka and Head of state
Hectare
The hectare (SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), that is, 10,000 square meters (10,000 m2), and is primarily used in the measurement of land.
Hemileia vastatrix
Hemileia vastatrix is a multicellular basidiomycete fungus of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) that causes coffee leaf rust (CLR), a disease affecting the coffee plant.
See Sri Lanka and Hemileia vastatrix
Hindi cinema
Hindi cinema, popularly known as Bollywood and formerly as Bombay cinema, refers to the film industry based in Mumbai, engaged in production of motion pictures in Hindi language.
See Sri Lanka and Hindi cinema
Hindu mythology
Hindu mythology is the body of myths attributed to, and espoused by, the adherents of the Hindu religion, found in Hindu texts such as the Vedas, the itihasa (the epics of the Mahabharata and Ramayana) the Puranas, and mythological stories specific to a particular ethnolinguistic group like the Tamil Periya Puranam and ''Divya Prabandham'', and the Mangal Kavya of Bengal.
See Sri Lanka and Hindu mythology
Hindu temple architecture
Hindu temple architecture as the main form of Hindu architecture has many varieties of style, though the basic nature of the Hindu temple remains the same, with the essential feature an inner sanctum, the garbha griha or womb-chamber, where the primary Murti or the image of a deity is housed in a simple bare cell.
See Sri Lanka and Hindu temple architecture
Hinduism
Hinduism is an Indian religion or dharma, a religious and universal order by which its followers abide.
Hinduism in Sri Lanka
Hinduism is one of Sri Lanka's oldest religions, with temples dating back over 2,000 years.
See Sri Lanka and Hinduism in Sri Lanka
Hindus
Hindus (also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma.
History of Sri Lanka
The history of Sri Lanka is unique because its relevance and richness extend beyond the areas of South Asia, Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean.
See Sri Lanka and History of Sri Lanka
Human
Humans (Homo sapiens, meaning "thinking man") or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus Homo.
Human Development Index
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.
See Sri Lanka and Human Development Index
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.
See Sri Lanka and Human Rights Watch
Hurulu Forest Reserve
Hurulu Forest Reserve of Sri Lanka was designated as a biosphere reserve in January 1977.
See Sri Lanka and Hurulu Forest Reserve
IBSF World Billiards Championship
The IBSF World Billiards Championship (previously known as the World Amateur Billiards Championship) is the premier, international, non-professional tournament for the game of English billiards.
See Sri Lanka and IBSF World Billiards Championship
ICC Men's T20 World Cup
The ICC Men's T20 World Cup (formerly the ICC World Twenty20) is a biennial Twenty20 International cricket tournament, organised by the International Cricket Council (ICC) every 2 years since it's inauguration in 2007 with the exception of 2011, 2018 and 2020.
See Sri Lanka and ICC Men's T20 World Cup
Idiyappam
Idiyappam (இடியப்பம்/இடியாப்பம்; ഇടിയപ്പം), also known as indiappa (ඉඳිආප්ප), noolputtu (நூல்புட்டு; നൂൽപ്പുട്ട്), noolappam (நூலப்பம்/நூலாப்பம்), santhagai (சந்தகை; നൂലപ്പം), or ottu shavige (ಒತ್ತು ಶಾವಿಗೆ), is a string hopper dish originating from southern India.
Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi
Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi (இலங்கைத் தமிழரசுக் கட்சி, ඉලංගෙයි තමිළ් අරසු කච්චි; ITAK) is a Sri Lankan political party which represents the Sri Lankan Tamil ethnic minority in the country.
See Sri Lanka and Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi
Ilmenite
Ilmenite is a titanium-iron oxide mineral with the idealized formula.
Independence Day (Sri Lanka)
National Day, also known as Independence Day, is a Sri Lankan national holiday celebrated annually on 4 February to commemorate the country’s political independence from British rule in 1948.
See Sri Lanka and Independence Day (Sri Lanka)
Independent Television Network
Independent Television Network Ltd (ස්වාධීන රූපවාහිනී මාධ්ය ජාලය; சுயாதீன தொலைக்காட்சி ஊடக வளையமைப்பு) also known as ITN Ltd or simply as ITN is a Sri Lankan state-governed television and radio broadcaster located in Wickramasinghepura, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Independent Television Network
India
India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia. Sri Lanka and India are countries in Asia, G15 nations, member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, member states of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, republics in the Commonwealth of Nations and south Asian countries.
India–Sri Lanka relations
India–Sri Lanka relations, Indian-Sri Lankan relations, or Indo-Sri Lanka relations, are the bilateral relations between India and Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and India–Sri Lanka relations
Indian intervention in the Sri Lankan Civil War
The Indian intervention in the Sri Lankan Civil War was the deployment of the Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka intended to perform a peacekeeping role.
See Sri Lanka and Indian intervention in the Sri Lankan Civil War
Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approx.
See Sri Lanka and Indian Ocean
Indian Peace Keeping Force
Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) was the Indian military contingent performing a peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka between 1987 and 1990.
See Sri Lanka and Indian Peace Keeping Force
Indian Plate
The Indian Plate (or India Plate) is a minor tectonic plate straddling the equator in the Eastern Hemisphere.
See Sri Lanka and Indian Plate
Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a physiographical region in Southern Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.
See Sri Lanka and Indian subcontinent
Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka
Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka are Tamil people of Indian origin in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka
Indians in Sri Lanka
Indians in Sri Lanka refer to Indians or people of Indian ancestry living in Sri Lanka, such as the Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Indians in Sri Lanka
Indo-Australian Plate
The Indo-Australian Plate is a major tectonic plate that includes the continent of Australia and the surrounding ocean and extends north-west to include the Indian subcontinent and the adjacent waters.
See Sri Lanka and Indo-Australian Plate
Indo-Sri Lanka Accord
The Indo-Sri Lanka Peace Accord was an accord signed in Colombo on 29 July 1987, between Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and Sri Lankan President J. R. Jayewardene.
See Sri Lanka and Indo-Sri Lanka Accord
International Futures
International Futures (IFs) is a global integrated assessment model designed to help with thinking strategically and systematically about key global systems (economic, demographic, education, health, environment, technology, domestic governance, infrastructure, agriculture, energy and environment).
See Sri Lanka and International Futures
International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments, and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability.
See Sri Lanka and International Monetary Fund
International Union for Conservation of Nature
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
See Sri Lanka and International Union for Conservation of Nature
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age.
Islam in Sri Lanka
Islam is the third largest religion in Sri Lanka, with about 9.7 percent of the total population following the religion.
See Sri Lanka and Islam in Sri Lanka
Island country
An island country, island state, or island nation is a country whose primary territory consists of one or more islands or parts of islands. Sri Lanka and island country are island countries.
See Sri Lanka and Island country
J. R. Jayewardene
Junius Richard Jayewardene (ජුනියස් රිචඩ් ජයවර්ධන; ஜூனியஸ் ரிச்சட் ஜயவர்தனா; 17 September 1906 – 1 November 1996), commonly abbreviated in Sri Lanka as J.R., was a Sri Lankan lawyer, Public official and a stateman who served as Prime Minister of Sri Lanka from 1977 to 1978 and as the second President of Sri Lanka from 1978 to 1989.
See Sri Lanka and J. R. Jayewardene
Jackfruit
The jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is a species of tree in the fig, mulberry, and breadfruit family (Moraceae).
Jaffna
Jaffna (translit,; translit) is the capital city of the Northern Province of Sri Lanka.
Jaffna kingdom
The Jaffna kingdom (யாழ்ப்பாண அரசு, යාපනය රාජධානිය; 1215–1619 CE), also known as Kingdom of Aryachakravarti, was a historical kingdom of what today is northern Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Jaffna kingdom
Jaffna Peninsula
The Jaffna Peninsula (Yāḻppāṇa kuṭānāṭu, or Yāḻ kuṭānāṭu) is a region in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Jaffna Peninsula
James Emerson Tennent
Sir James Emerson Tennent, 1st Baronet, FRS (born James Emerson; 7 April 1804 – 6 March 1869) was a Conservative Member of the United Kingdom Parliament for the Irish seats of Belfast and of Lisburn, and a resident Colonial Secretary in Ceylon.
See Sri Lanka and James Emerson Tennent
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP / PLF) is a Marxist–Leninist communist party in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna
Japan
Japan is an island country in East Asia, located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asian mainland. Sri Lanka and Japan are countries in Asia, island countries and member states of the United Nations.
Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi Tree is a historical sacred bo tree (Ficus religiosa) in the Mahamewuna Garden in historical city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
Jayantha Jayasuriya
Jayantha Chandrasiri Jayasuriya, PC (ජයන්ත චන්ද්රසිරි ජයසූරිය) is a lawyer who is serving as the 47th Chief Justice of Sri Lanka since 2019.
See Sri Lanka and Jayantha Jayasuriya
July 1960 Ceylonese parliamentary election
Snap parliamentary elections were held in Ceylon in July 1960.
See Sri Lanka and July 1960 Ceylonese parliamentary election
Kadawunu Poronduwa
Kadawunu Poronduwa (Sinhala: කඩවුනු පොරොන්දුව, "The Broken Promise") was the first film to be made in the Sinhala language; it is generally considered to have heralded the coming of Sinhala Cinema.
See Sri Lanka and Kadawunu Poronduwa
Kalinga (historical region)
Kalinga is a historical region of India.
See Sri Lanka and Kalinga (historical region)
Kalinga Magha
Kalinga Magha or Gangaraja Kalinga Vijayabahu (கலிங்க மாகன் / கலிங்க மாகோன் / கங்கராஜ காலிங்க விஜயவாகு மகன், କଳିଙ୍ଗ ମାଘ / ଗଙ୍ଗାରାଜ କଳିଙ୍ଗ ବିଜୟବାହୁ, කාලිංග මාඝ) was an invader from the Kingdom of Kalinga who usurped the throne from Parakrama Pandyan II of Polonnaruwa in 1215.
See Sri Lanka and Kalinga Magha
Kandy
Kandy (මහනුවර Mahanuwara,; கண்டி Kandy) is a major city in located in the Central Province of Sri Lanka.
Kandy Esala Perahera
The Kandy Esala Perahera (the Sri Dalada Perahara procession of Kandy) also known as The Festival of the Tooth is a festival held in July and August in Kandy, Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Kandy Esala Perahera
Kandyan Convention
In the history of Sri Lanka, the Kandyan Convention (Udarata Giwisuma) was a treaty signed on 2 March 1815 between the British governor of Ceylon, Sir Robert Brownrigg, and the chiefs of the Kandyan Kingdom, British Ceylon, for the deposition of King Sri Vikrama Rajasinha and ceding of the kingdom's territory to the British Crown.
See Sri Lanka and Kandyan Convention
Kandyan dance
Kandyan dance (Sinhala: උඩරට නැටුම්) encompasses various dance forms popular and native to the area called Kandy of the Central Hills region known as Udarata in Sri Lanka, which have today spread to other parts of the country.
See Sri Lanka and Kandyan dance
Kandyan period
The Kandyan period covers the history of Sri Lanka from 1597–1815.
See Sri Lanka and Kandyan period
Kandyan Treaty of 1638
The Kandyan Treaty of 1638 was a treaty between the Kingdom of Kandy and the Dutch Republic signed by King Rajasinghe II and Dutch Naval Commander Adam Westerwold and Vice Commander Willem Jacobszoon Coster of the Dutch East India Company.
See Sri Lanka and Kandyan Treaty of 1638
Kandyan Wars
The Kandyan Wars (or the Kandian Wars) refers generally to the period of warfare between the British colonial forces and the Kingdom of Kandy, on the island of what is now Sri Lanka, between 1796 and 1818.
See Sri Lanka and Kandyan Wars
Kanneliya–Dediyagala–Nakiyadeniya
Kanneliya–Dediyagala–Nakiyadeniya or KDN is a forest complex in southern Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Kanneliya–Dediyagala–Nakiyadeniya
Kaolinite
Kaolinite (also called kaolin) is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition: Al2Si2O5(OH)4.
Kashyapa I of Anuradhapura
Kashyapa I, also known as Kasyapa I or Kassapa I, was a king of Sri Lanka, who ruled the country from 473 to 495 CE.
See Sri Lanka and Kashyapa I of Anuradhapura
Katchatheevu
Katchatheevu (கச்சத்தீவு) is an uninhabited island in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Katchatheevu
Kavan Tissa, Prince of Ruhuna
Kavan Tissa, also known as Kaha Wan Thissa (Golden-coloured Tissa) and Kaka Wanna Tissa (Crow-coloured Tissa) was the king of the Kingdom of Ruhuna in the southern part of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Kavan Tissa, Prince of Ruhuna
Kegalle
Kegalle (කෑගල්ල; கேகாலை) is a large town in Sabaragamuwa Province of Sri Lanka.
Kingdom of Dambadeniya
The Kingdom of Dambadeniya was a medieval kingdom in what is present-day Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Kingdom of Dambadeniya
Kingdom of Gampola
Gampola is a town and once an ancient polity located near Kandy in the Central Province of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Kingdom of Gampola
Kingdom of Kandy
The Kingdom of Kandy was a monarchy on the island of Sri Lanka, located in the central and eastern portion of the island.
See Sri Lanka and Kingdom of Kandy
Kingdom of Kotte
The Kingdom of Kotte (Kottay Rajadhaniya, கோட்டை அரசு), named after its capital, Kotte, was a Sinhalese kingdom that flourished in Sri Lanka during the 15th century.
See Sri Lanka and Kingdom of Kotte
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa
The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa (Polonnaruwa Rājādhaniya) was the Sinhalese kingdom that expanded across the island of Sri Lanka and several overseas territories, from 1070 until 1232.
See Sri Lanka and Kingdom of Polonnaruwa
Kingdom of Sitawaka
The Kingdom of Sitawaka (සීතාවක, சீீீதாவாக்கை இராசதானி) was a kingdom located in south-central Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Kingdom of Sitawaka
Kingdom of Tambapanni
The Kingdom of Tambapaṇṇī (Tambapaṇṇī Rājadhāniya) was the first Sinhalese kingdom in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Kingdom of Tambapanni
Kiribath
Kiribath (කිරිබත්) is a traditional Sri Lankan dish made from rice.
Kottu
Kottu roti (கொத்து ரொட்டி; කොත්තු රොටි), alternatively spelled kothu roti, is a Sri Lankan dish consisting of chopped roti, a meat curry dish of choice (such as beef, mutton, seafood, chicken) along with scrambled egg, onions, and chillies.
Kubera
Kubera (कुबेर) also known as Kuvera, Kuber and Kuberan, is the god of wealth, and the god-king of the semi-divine yakshas in Hinduism.
Kumar Sangakkara
Kumar Chokshanada Sangakkara (කුමාර් චොක්ශනාද සංගක්කාර; born 27 October 1977) is a Sri Lankan former professional cricketer who represented Sri Lanka in 134 Test matches from 2000 to 2015, including fifteen as captain.
See Sri Lanka and Kumar Sangakkara
Kurunegala
Kurunegala (කුරුණෑගල, குருணாகல்) is a major city in Sri Lanka.
Lagoon
A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by a narrow landform, such as reefs, barrier islands, barrier peninsulas, or isthmuses.
Lamprais
Lamprais, also spelled "lumprice", "lampraise" or "lumprais", is a Sri Lankan dish that was introduced by the country's Dutch Burgher population.
Land grabbing
Land grabbing is the large-scale acquisition of land through buying or leasing of large pieces of land by domestic and transnational companies, governments, and individuals.
See Sri Lanka and Land grabbing
Language
Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary.
Lanka
Lanka is the name given in Hindu epics to the island fortress capital of the legendary asura king Ravana in the epics of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.
Lanka Sama Samaja Party
The Lanka Sama Samaja Party, often abbreviated as LSSP (literally: Lanka Equal Society Party, Sinhala: ලංකා සම සමාජ පක්ෂය, Tamil: லங்கா சமசமாஜக் கட்சி), is a major Trotskyist political party in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Lanka Sama Samaja Party
Laos
Laos, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), is the only landlocked country and one of the two Marxist-Leninist states in Southeast Asia. Sri Lanka and Laos are countries in Asia and member states of the United Nations.
Lasantha Wickrematunge
Lasantha Manilal Wickrematunge (ලසන්ත වික්රමතුංග, லசந்த விக்கிரமதுங்க; 5 April 1958 – 8 January 2009) was a high-profile Sri Lankan journalist, politician, broadcaster and human rights activist who was assassinated in January 2009.
See Sri Lanka and Lasantha Wickrematunge
Legislative Council of Ceylon
The Legislative Council of Ceylon was the legislative body of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) established in 1833, along with the Executive Council of Ceylon, on the recommendations of the Colebrooke-Cameron Commission.
See Sri Lanka and Legislative Council of Ceylon
Lester James Peries
Sri Lankabhimanya Lester James Peries (Sinhala: ශ්රී ලංකාභිමාන්ය ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස්; 5 April 1919 – 29 April 2018) was a Sri Lankan film director, screenwriter, and film producer.
See Sri Lanka and Lester James Peries
LGBT rights in Sri Lanka
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Sri Lanka face significant challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents.
See Sri Lanka and LGBT rights in Sri Lanka
Liberalism
Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on the rights of the individual, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality, right to private property and equality before the law.
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE; translit, translit; also known as the Tamil Tigers) was a Tamil militant organization that was based in the northern and eastern Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
Library of Congress Country Studies
The Country Studies are works published by the Federal Research Division of the United States Library of Congress, freely available for use by researchers.
See Sri Lanka and Library of Congress Country Studies
Life expectancy
Human life expectancy is a statistical measure of the estimate of the average remaining years of life at a given age.
See Sri Lanka and Life expectancy
List of A-Grade highways in Sri Lanka
This is a list of A-grade roads in Sri Lanka sorted by route number.
See Sri Lanka and List of A-Grade highways in Sri Lanka
List of cities in Sri Lanka
The following is a list of settlements in Sri Lanka with a population over 50,000.
See Sri Lanka and List of cities in Sri Lanka
List of countries and dependencies by area
This is a list of the world's countries and their dependencies by land, water, and total area, ranked by total area.
See Sri Lanka and List of countries and dependencies by area
List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency.
See Sri Lanka and List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
List of countries by Human Development Index
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) compiles the Human Development Index (HDI) of 193 nations in the annual Human Development Report.
See Sri Lanka and List of countries by Human Development Index
List of elected and appointed female heads of state and government
The following is a list of women who have been elected or appointed head of state or government of their respective countries since the interwar period (1918–1939).
See Sri Lanka and List of elected and appointed female heads of state and government
List of endemic birds of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka is home to 34 endemic bird species.
See Sri Lanka and List of endemic birds of Sri Lanka
List of Sri Lankan monarchs
The monarchs of Sri Lanka, also referred to as the Sinhalese monarchy, were the heads of state and rulers of the Sinhala Kingdoms located in present-day Sri Lanka, from 543 BCE (according to chronicles) until its abolition in 1815 CE.
See Sri Lanka and List of Sri Lankan monarchs
Literacy
Literacy is the ability to read and write.
Lonely Planet
Lonely Planet is a travel guide book publisher.
See Sri Lanka and Lonely Planet
Looting
Looting is the act of stealing, or the taking of goods by force, typically in the midst of a military, political, or other social crisis, such as war, natural disasters (where law and civil enforcement are temporarily ineffective), or rioting.
Lourenço de Almeida
Lourenço de Almeida (– March 1508) was a Portuguese explorer and military commander.
See Sri Lanka and Lourenço de Almeida
Lunar calendar
A lunar calendar is a calendar based on the monthly cycles of the Moon's phases (synodic months, lunations), in contrast to solar calendars, whose annual cycles are based on the solar year.
See Sri Lanka and Lunar calendar
Madhya Vidyalaya
The "Madhya Vidyalaya'(Central College)" concept (English: Central College) is a type of state school in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Madhya Vidyalaya
Madol Doova
Madol Doova (Sinhala: මඩොල් දූව is a children's novel and coming-of-age story written by Sri Lankan writer Martin Wickramasinghe and first published in 1947. The book recounts the misadventures of Upali Giniwella and his friends on the Southern coast of Sri Lanka during the 1890s.
Madurai
Madurai, formerly known by its colonial name Madura is a major city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Madurai Nayak dynasty
The Madurai Nayaks were a Telugu dynasty.
See Sri Lanka and Madurai Nayak dynasty
Maha Shivaratri
Maha Shivaratri is a Hindu festival celebrated annually in honour of the deity Shiva, between February and March.
See Sri Lanka and Maha Shivaratri
Mahagama Sekara
Mahagama Sekera (Mahagamage Sekera) (Sinhala:මහගම සේකර / මහගමගේ සේකර) (7 April 1929 – 14 January 1976) was a famed Sri Lankan poet, lyricist, playwright, novelist, artist, translator and filmmaker.
See Sri Lanka and Mahagama Sekara
Mahaweli River
The Mahaweli River (මහවැලි ගඟ, literally "Great Sandy River"; மகாவலி ஆறு), is a long river, ranking as the longest river in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Mahaweli River
Mahāvaṃsa
Mahāvaṃsa (Sinhala: මහාවංශ (Mahāvansha), Pali: මහාවංස (Mahāvaṃsa)) is the meticulously kept historical chronicle of Sri Lanka until the period of Mahasena of Anuradhapura.
Mahela Jayawardene
Denagamage Praboth Mahela de Silva Jayawardene (දෙනගමගේ ප්රබෝත් මහේල ද සිල්වා ජයවර්ධන; born 27 May 1977) is a Sri Lankan former professional cricketer and captain of the Sri Lankan national cricket team.
See Sri Lanka and Mahela Jayawardene
Mahinda (Buddhist monk)
Mahinda (මිහිඳු මහරහතන් වහන්සේ) (285 BCE – 205 BCE) was an Indian Buddhist monk depicted in Buddhist sources as bringing Buddhism to Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Mahinda (Buddhist monk)
Mahinda Rajapaksa
Mahinda Rajapaksa (මහින්ද රාජපක්ෂ; மஹிந்த ராஜபக்ஷ; born Percy Mahendra Rajapaksa; 18 November 1945) is a Sri Lankan politician.
See Sri Lanka and Mahinda Rajapaksa
Mahinda V of Anuradhapura
Mahinda V was King of Anuradhapura in the 11th century.
See Sri Lanka and Mahinda V of Anuradhapura
Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena
Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena (born 10 October 1945) is a Sri Lankan politician and landed proprietor.
See Sri Lanka and Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena
Mahogany
Mahogany is a straight-grained, reddish-brown timber of three tropical hardwood species of the genus Swietenia, indigenous to the AmericasBridgewater, Samuel (2012).
Maithripala Sirisena
Maithripala Yapa Sirisena (පල්ලෙවත්ත ගමරාළලාගේ මෛත්රීපාල යාපා සිරිසේන; பல்லேவத்த கமராளலாகே மைத்திரிபால யாப்பா சிறிசேன; born 3 September 1951) is a Sri Lankan politician who served as the seventh President of Sri Lanka from 9 January 2015 to 18 November 2019.
See Sri Lanka and Maithripala Sirisena
Malay Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula is located in Mainland Southeast Asia.
See Sri Lanka and Malay Peninsula
Maldives
The Maldives, officially the Republic of Maldives, and historically known as the Maldive Islands, is a country and archipelagic state in South Asia in the Indian Ocean. Sri Lanka and Maldives are countries in Asia, island countries, island countries of the Indian Ocean, member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, member states of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, republics in the Commonwealth of Nations and south Asian countries.
Mango
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica.
Mangrove
A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows mainly in coastal saline or brackish water.
Mannar, Sri Lanka
Mannar (translit, translit, formerly spelled Manar) is the main town of Mannar District, Northern Province, Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Mannar, Sri Lanka
Maritime boundary
A maritime boundary is a conceptual division of Earth's water surface areas using physiographical or geopolitical criteria.
See Sri Lanka and Maritime boundary
Maritime Silk Road
The Maritime Silk Road or Maritime Silk Route is the maritime section of the historic Silk Road that connected Southeast Asia, East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian Peninsula, eastern Africa, and Europe.
See Sri Lanka and Maritime Silk Road
Maritime Southeast Asia
Maritime Southeast Asia comprises the countries of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and East Timor.
See Sri Lanka and Maritime Southeast Asia
Market capitalization
Market capitalization, sometimes referred to as market cap, is the total value of a publicly traded company's outstanding common shares owned by stockholders.
See Sri Lanka and Market capitalization
Market economy
A market economy is an economic system in which the decisions regarding investment, production and distribution to the consumers are guided by the price signals created by the forces of supply and demand.
See Sri Lanka and Market economy
Martin Wickramasinghe
Lama Hewage Don Martin Wickramasinghe, (commonly known as Martin Wickramasinghe) (මාර්ටින් වික්රමසිංහ) (29 May 1890 – 23 July 1976) was a Sri Lankan journalist and author.
See Sri Lanka and Martin Wickramasinghe
Marxism
Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis.
Marxism–Leninism
Marxism–Leninism is a communist ideology that became the largest faction of the communist movement in the world in the years following the October Revolution.
See Sri Lanka and Marxism–Leninism
Matale rebellion
The Matale rebellion, also known as the Rebellion of 1848, took place in Matale city, Ceylon against the British colonial government under Governor George Byng, 7th Viscount Torrington.
See Sri Lanka and Matale rebellion
Maurya Empire
The Maurya Empire (Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀕𑀥𑁂, Māgadhe) was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in South Asia based in Magadha (present day Bihar).
See Sri Lanka and Maurya Empire
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
The Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (Max-Planck-Institut für evolutionäre Anthropologie, shortened to MPI EVA) is a research institute based in Leipzig, Germany, that was founded in 1997.
See Sri Lanka and Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Maya Rata
The Maya Rata (Principality of), also known as the Kingdom of Dakkinadesa, was a principality or an administrative region of the Sinhalese kingdom.
Mayor
In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town.
McGraw Hill Education
McGraw Hill is an American publishing company for educational content, software, and services for pre-K through postgraduate education.
See Sri Lanka and McGraw Hill Education
Measles
Measles is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable infectious disease caused by measles virus.
Megalithic graffiti symbols
Megalithic markings, megalithic graffiti marks, megalithic symbols or non-Brahmi symbols are markings found on mostly potsherds found in Central India, South India and Sri Lanka during the Megalithic Iron Age in India.
See Sri Lanka and Megalithic graffiti symbols
Member of parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district.
See Sri Lanka and Member of parliament
Mesolithic
The Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, mesos 'middle' + λίθος, lithos 'stone') or Middle Stone Age is the Old World archaeological period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic.
Mesua ferrea
Mesua ferrea, the Ceylon ironwood, or cobra saffron, is a species in the family Calophyllaceae native to the Indomalayan realm.
See Sri Lanka and Mesua ferrea
Mica
Micas are a group of silicate minerals whose outstanding physical characteristic is that individual mica crystals can easily be split into extremely thin elastic plates.
Michael Ondaatje
Philip Michael Ondaatje (born 12 September 1943) is a Sri Lankan-born Canadian poet, fiction writer and essayist.
See Sri Lanka and Michael Ondaatje
Mihintale
Mihintale is a mountain peak near Anuradhapura in Sri Lanka.
Ming–Kotte War
The Ming–Kotte War was a military conflict between the expeditionary forces of Ming China and the Sinhalese Kotte Kingdom in the southern territories of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Ming–Kotte War
Minister (government)
A minister is a politician who heads a ministry, making and implementing decisions on policies in conjunction with the other ministers.
See Sri Lanka and Minister (government)
Ministry of Defence (Sri Lanka)
The Ministry of Defence (Sinhala: රාජ්ය ආරක්ෂක අමාත්යාංශය Rājya ārakshaka amāthyanshaya; Tamil: பாதுகாப்பு அமைச்சகம்) is the cabinet ministry of the Government of Sri Lanka responsible for implementation of government defence policy and acts as the overall headquarters of the Sri Lankan Armed Forces.
See Sri Lanka and Ministry of Defence (Sri Lanka)
Ministry of Education (Sri Lanka)
The Ministry of Education (අධ්යාපන අමාත්යාංශය; கல்வி அமைச்சு) is a ministry of the Government of Sri Lanka that directs the formulation and implementation of policies related to primary, secondary, and tertiary education in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Ministry of Education (Sri Lanka)
Ministry of Finance, Economic Stabilization and National Policies
The Ministry of Finance, Economic Stabilization and National Policies (මුදල්, ආර්ථික ස්ථායිකරණ සහ ජාතික ප්රතිපත්ති අමාත්යාංශය; நிதி, பொருளாதார நிலைப்படுத்தல் மற்றும் தேசிய கொள்கைகள் அமைச்சு) (also known as the Finance Ministry or the Treasury) is a cabinet ministry of the Government of Sri Lanka responsible for developing and executing the government's public finance policy, economic policy and long term fiscal planning.
See Sri Lanka and Ministry of Finance, Economic Stabilization and National Policies
Ministry of Ports and Aviation (Sri Lanka)
The Ministry of Ports and Aviation is Sri Lanka's organization responsible for the development and operation of the country's shipping, port and aviation activities.
See Sri Lanka and Ministry of Ports and Aviation (Sri Lanka)
Minneriya Tank
Minneriya tank is a reservoir in Sri Lanka made by an old civilisation; the Anuradhapura Kingdom.
See Sri Lanka and Minneriya Tank
Mongabay
Mongabay (mongabay.com) is an American conservation news web portal that reports on environmental science, energy, and green design, and features extensive information on tropical rainforests, including pictures and deforestation statistics for countries of the world.
Monsoon
A monsoon is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscillation of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) between its limits to the north and south of the equator.
Mortality rate
Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.
See Sri Lanka and Mortality rate
Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji
Ikhtiyār al-Dīn Muḥammad Bakhtiyār Khaljī, also known as Bakhtiyar Khalji, was a Turko-Afghan military general of the Ghurid ruler Muhammad of Ghor, who led the Muslim conquests of the eastern Indian regions of Bengal and parts of Bihar and established himself as their ruler.
See Sri Lanka and Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji
Muhammad Lafir
Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Lafir (27 May 1930 - 26 April 1981) also known as either Mohammed Lafir or M J M Lafir was a Sri Lankan snooker player.
See Sri Lanka and Muhammad Lafir
Mumbai
Mumbai (ISO:; formerly known as Bombay) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra.
Muslims
Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.
Muttiah Muralitharan
Deshabandu Muttiah Muralitharan (born 1972) is a Sri Lankan cricket coach, businessman and former professional cricketer.
See Sri Lanka and Muttiah Muralitharan
Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma (the official name until 1989), is a country in Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million. It is bordered by Bangladesh and India to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest. Sri Lanka and Myanmar are Buddhist states, countries in Asia and member states of the United Nations.
Naga people (Lanka)
The Naga people are believed by some to be an ancient tribe who once inhabited Sri Lanka and various parts of Southern India.
See Sri Lanka and Naga people (Lanka)
Nalanda mahavihara
Nalanda (IAST) was a renowned Buddhist mahavihara (great monastery) in ancient and medieval Magadha (modern-day Bihar), eastern India.
See Sri Lanka and Nalanda mahavihara
Names of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka (Śrī Lankā; Ilaṅkai), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in the northern Indian Ocean which has been known under various names over time.
See Sri Lanka and Names of Sri Lanka
Nanda Malini
Mirihana Arachchige Nanda Malini Perera (Sinhala:නන්දා මාලනී: born 23 August 1943), popularly as Nanda Malini, is a Sri Lankan musician.
See Sri Lanka and Nanda Malini
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of conflicts fought between the First French Empire under Napoleon Bonaparte (1804–1815) and a fluctuating array of European coalitions.
See Sri Lanka and Napoleonic Wars
National Library of Israel
The National Library of Israel (NLI; translit; المكتبة الوطنية في إسرائيل), formerly Jewish National and University Library (JNUL; translit), is the library dedicated to collecting the cultural treasures of Israel and of Jewish heritage.
See Sri Lanka and National Library of Israel
National Railway
The National Railway or National Air Line Railroad was a planned air-line railroad between New York City and Washington, D.C. in the United States around 1870.
See Sri Lanka and National Railway
National school (Sri Lanka)
A National school (ජාතික පාසල, Jathika Pasala, தேசியப் பாடசாலை) in Sri Lanka is a school that is funded and administered by the Ministry of Education of the central government as opposed to Provincial schools run by the local provincial council.
See Sri Lanka and National school (Sri Lanka)
National sport
A national sport is a physical activity or sport that is culturally significant or deeply embedded in a nation, serving as a national symbol and an intrinsic element to a nation's identity and culture.
See Sri Lanka and National sport
National Thowheeth Jama'ath
National Thowheeth Jama'ath (NTJ; جماعة التوحيد الوطنية; Jamā‘at at-Tawḥīd al-Waṭanīyah, "National Monotheism Organisation") is a Sri Lankan Islamist jihadist militant group implicated in the 2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings.
See Sri Lanka and National Thowheeth Jama'ath
National University of Malaysia
The National University of Malaysia (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, abbreviated as UKM) is a public research university located in Bandar Baru Bangi, Hulu Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia.
See Sri Lanka and National University of Malaysia
Natural rubber
Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, caucho, or caoutchouc, as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds.
See Sri Lanka and Natural rubber
Nature reserve
A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, funga, or features of geological or other special interest, which is reserved and managed for purposes of conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research.
See Sri Lanka and Nature reserve
Nautical mile
A nautical mile is a unit of length used in air, marine, and space navigation, and for the definition of territorial waters.
See Sri Lanka and Nautical mile
Navi Pillay
Navanethem "Navi" Pillay (born 23 September 1941) is a South African jurist who served as the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights from 2008 to 2014.
Netball
Netball is a ball sport played on a rectangular court by two teams of seven players.
New Delhi
New Delhi (ISO: Naī Dillī), is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT).
New York City
New York, often called New York City (to distinguish it from New York State) or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States.
See Sri Lanka and New York City
Nidhanaya
Nidhanaya (The Treasure) is a 1972 Sinhalese language film Dr.
Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka
The 19th Amendment (19A) to the Constitution of Sri Lanka was passed by the 225-member Sri Lankan Parliament with 215 voting in favor, one against, one abstained and seven were absent, on 28 April 2015.
See Sri Lanka and Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka
Non-Aligned Movement
The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 countries that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc.
See Sri Lanka and Non-Aligned Movement
North Central Province, Sri Lanka
North Central Province (උතුරු මැද පළාත Uturumæda Paḷāta, வட மத்திய மாகாணம் Wada Maththiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and North Central Province, Sri Lanka
North Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
The North Eastern Province was one of the provinces of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and North Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
North Western Province, Sri Lanka
North Western Province (වයඹ පළාත Wayamba Paḷāta, வட மேல் மாகாணம் Vada Mael Mākāṇam) is a province of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and North Western Province, Sri Lanka
Northern Province, Sri Lanka
The Northern Province (வட மாகாணம் Vaṭa Mākāṇam; උතුරු පළාත Uturu Paḷāta) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Northern Province, Sri Lanka
Nova Science Publishers
Nova Science Publishers is an academic publisher of books, encyclopedias, handbooks, e-books and journals, based in Hauppauge, New York.
See Sri Lanka and Nova Science Publishers
Odisha
Odisha (English), formerly Orissa (the official name until 2011), is an Indian state located in Eastern India.
Off spin
Off spin is a type of finger spin bowling in cricket.
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) is a department of the United Nations Secretariat that works to promote and protect human rights that are guaranteed under international law and stipulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948.
See Sri Lanka and Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Official language
An official language is a language having certain rights to be used in defined situations.
See Sri Lanka and Official language
Olympic Games
The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (Jeux olympiques) are the leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.
See Sri Lanka and Olympic Games
Oral literature
Oral literature, orature, or folk literature is a genre of literature that is spoken or sung in contrast to that which is written, though much oral literature has been transcribed.
See Sri Lanka and Oral literature
Outline of Sri Lanka
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka – island country in the northern Indian Ocean off the southeast coast of the Indian subcontinent in South Asia.
See Sri Lanka and Outline of Sri Lanka
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
See Sri Lanka and Oxford University Press
Paleolithic
The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic, also called the Old Stone Age, is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone tools, and which represents almost the entire period of human prehistoric technology.
Pali
Pāli, also known as Pali-Magadhi, is a Middle Indo-Aryan liturgical language on the Indian subcontinent.
Pali Canon
The Pāli Canon is the standard collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition, as preserved in the Pāli language.
Palk Strait
The Palk Strait (பாக்கு நீரிணை Pākku Nīriṇai, පෝක් සමුද්ර සන්ධිය Pok Samudra Sandhiya) is a strait between the Tamil Nadu state of India and the Jaffna District of the Northern Province of the island nation of Sri Lanka.
Pallava dynasty
The Pallava dynasty existed from 275 CE to 897 CE, ruling a significant portion of the Deccan, also known as Tondaimandalam.
See Sri Lanka and Pallava dynasty
Palm-leaf manuscript
Palm-leaf manuscripts are manuscripts made out of dried palm leaves.
See Sri Lanka and Palm-leaf manuscript
Pandukabhaya of Anuradhapura
Pandukabhaya was a king of Upatissa Nuwara and the first monarch of the Anuradhapura Kingdom and 6th over all of the island of Sri Lanka since the arrival of the Vijaya; he reigned from 437 BC to 367 BC.
See Sri Lanka and Pandukabhaya of Anuradhapura
Pandya dynasty
The Pandyan dynasty, also referred to as the Pandyas of Madurai, was an ancient Tamil dynasty of South India, and among the four great kingdoms of Tamilakam, the other three being the Pallavas, the Cholas and the Cheras.
See Sri Lanka and Pandya dynasty
Panic of 1847
The Panic of 1847 was a major British commercial and banking crisis, possibly triggered by the announcement in early March 1847 of government borrowing to pay for relief to combat the Great Famine in Ireland.
See Sri Lanka and Panic of 1847
Parakrama Samudra
Parakrama Samudra (or King Parakrama's sea or the Sea of King Parakrama) is a shallow reservoir (wewa), consisting of five separate wewa (reservoirs) (thopa, dumbutulu, erabadu, bhu, kalahagala tanks) connected by narrow channels in Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Parakrama Samudra
Parakramabahu I
Parākramabāhu I (Sinhala: මහා පරාක්රමබාහු, 1123–1186), or Parakramabahu the Great, was the king of Polonnaruwa from 1153 to 1186.
See Sri Lanka and Parakramabahu I
Parakramabahu VI of Kotte
Parâkramabâhu VI (කෝට්ටේ VI වන පරාක්රමබාහු) was the first king of Kotte, ruling from 1410 until his death in 1467.
See Sri Lanka and Parakramabahu VI of Kotte
Parliament of Sri Lanka
The Parliament of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්රී ලංකා පාර්ලිමේන්තුව Shri Lanka Parlimenthuwa, Tamil: இலங்கை நாடாளுமன்றம் Ilaṅkai nāṭāḷumaṉṟam) is the supreme legislative body of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Parliament of Sri Lanka
Parsi theatre
Parsi theatre is a generic term for an influential theatre tradition, staged by Parsis, and theatre companies largely-owned by the Parsi business community, which flourished between 1850 and the 1930s.
See Sri Lanka and Parsi theatre
Parsis
The Parsis (singular: Parsi) or Parsees are an ethnoreligious group of the Indian subcontinent adhering to Zoroastrianism.
Peacekeeping
Peacekeeping comprises activities, especially military ones, intended to create conditions that favor lasting peace.
See Sri Lanka and Peacekeeping
Per capita income
Per capita income (PCI) or average income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year.
See Sri Lanka and Per capita income
Peradeniya
Peradeniya (translit; translit) is a suburb of the city of Kandy, Sri Lanka with about 30,000 inhabitants.
Persian language
Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.
See Sri Lanka and Persian language
Petroleum
Petroleum or crude oil, also referred to as simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations.
Philippines–Sri Lanka relations
The Philippines–Sri Lanka relations refers to the bilateral relationship between the Republic of the Philippines and the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Philippines–Sri Lanka relations
Philosophy
Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language.
Pidurutalagala
Pidurutalagala (පිදුරුතලාගල, pronounced, Straw Plateau Rock), or previously Mount Pedro in English, is the highest mountain in Sri Lanka, at.
See Sri Lanka and Pidurutalagala
Pirivena
A pirivena (plural: piriven) is a monastic college for the education of monks in Sri Lanka.
Plantation economy
A plantation economy is an economy based on agricultural mass production, usually of a few commodity crops, grown on large farms worked by laborers or slaves.
See Sri Lanka and Plantation economy
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that Earth's lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates, which have been slowly moving since 3–4 billion years ago.
See Sri Lanka and Plate tectonics
Policy of standardisation
The policy of standardization was a policy implemented by the Sri Lankan government in 1971 to curtail the number of Tamil students selected for certain faculties in the universities.
See Sri Lanka and Policy of standardisation
Polonnaruwa
Poḷonnaruwa, (translit; translit) also referred as Pulathisipura and Vijayarajapura in ancient times, is the main town of Polonnaruwa District in North Central Province, Sri Lanka.
Polonnaruwa period
The Polonnaruwa period was a period in the history of Sri Lanka from 1017, after the Chola conquest of Anuradhapura and when the center of administration was moved to Polonnaruwa, to the end of the Kingdom of Polonnaruwa in 1232.
See Sri Lanka and Polonnaruwa period
Pongal (festival)
Pongal, also referred to as Thai Pongal, is a multi-day Hindu harvest festival celebrated by Tamils.
See Sri Lanka and Pongal (festival)
Ponnambalam Arunachalam
Ponnambalam Arunachalam (translit; 14 September 1853 – 9 January 1924) was a Ceylonese civil servant and a member of the Executive Council of Ceylon and Legislative Council of Ceylon.
See Sri Lanka and Ponnambalam Arunachalam
Port
A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers.
Port of Colombo
The Port of Colombo කොළඹ වරාය, கொழும்பு துறைமுகம் (known as Port of Kolomtota during the early 14th Century Kotte Kingdom) is the largest and busiest port in Sri Lanka and the Indian Ocean.
See Sri Lanka and Port of Colombo
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe, whose territory also includes the Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira. Sri Lanka and Portugal are member states of the United Nations and socialist states.
Portuguese Ceylon
Portuguese Ceylon (Ceilão Português; පෘතුගීසි ලංකාව; போர்த்துக்கேய இலங்கை) is the name given to the territory on Ceylon, modern-day Sri Lanka, controlled by the Portuguese Empire between 1597 and 1658.
See Sri Lanka and Portuguese Ceylon
Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire (Império Português), also known as the Portuguese Overseas or the Portuguese Colonial Empire, was composed of the overseas colonies, factories, and later overseas territories, governed by the Kingdom of Portugal, and later the Republic of Portugal.
See Sri Lanka and Portuguese Empire
Portuguese-based creole languages
Portuguese creoles (crioulo) are creole languages which have Portuguese as their substantial lexifier.
See Sri Lanka and Portuguese-based creole languages
Poya
Poya is the name given to the Lunar monthly Buddhist holiday of Uposatha in Sri Lanka, where it is a civil and bank holiday.
Prakrit
Prakrit is a group of vernacular Middle Indo-Aryan languages that were used in the Indian subcontinent from around the 3rd century BCE to the 8th century CE.
President of Sri Lanka
The president of Sri Lanka (ශ්රී ලංකා ජනාධිපති Śrī Laṃkā Janādhipathi; இலங்கை சனாதிபதி Ilankai janātipati) is the head of state and head of government of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and President of Sri Lanka
President's House, Colombo
President's House is the official residence and workplace of the President of Sri Lanka, located at Janadhipathi Mawatha, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and President's House, Colombo
Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
The Prime Minister of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is the head and most senior member of parliament in the cabinet of ministers.
See Sri Lanka and Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
Prime Minister's Office (Sri Lanka)
The Prime Minister's Office is a ministry of the Government of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Prime Minister's Office (Sri Lanka)
Prince Vijaya
Prince Vijaya (c. 543–505 BCE) was a legendary king of Tambapanni, based in modern day Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Prince Vijaya
Principality of Ruhuna
The Principality of Ruhuna, also referred to as the Kingdom of Ruhuna, is a region of present-day Southern and Eastern Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Principality of Ruhuna
Progressivism
Progressivism is a political philosophy and movement that seeks to advance the human condition through social reform – primarily based on purported advancements in social organization, science, and technology.
See Sri Lanka and Progressivism
Proportional representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to any type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body.
See Sri Lanka and Proportional representation
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.
See Sri Lanka and Protestantism
Provinces of Sri Lanka
Provinces (translit; translit) are the first level administrative divisions of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Provinces of Sri Lanka
Pune
Pune, previously spelled in English as Poona (the official name until 1978), is a city in Maharashtra state in the Deccan plateau in Western India.
Purchasing power parity
Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a measure of the price of specific goods in different countries and is used to compare the absolute purchasing power of the countries' currencies.
See Sri Lanka and Purchasing power parity
Puthandu
Puthandu, also known as Tamil New Year, is the first day of year on the Tamil calendar that is traditionally celebrated as a festival by Tamils.
Puttu
Puttu (പുട്ട്; புட்டு), also called pittu (පිට්ටු), is a dish native to the Southern Indian states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and parts of Karnataka, as well as Sri Lanka.
Radio Ceylon
Radio Ceylon (ලංකා ගුවන් විදුලි සේවය Lanka Guwan Viduli Sevaya, இலங்கை வானொலி, ilankai vanoli) is a radio station based in Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon) and the first radio station in Asia.
See Sri Lanka and Radio Ceylon
Rajaraja I
Rajaraja I (Middle Tamil: Rājarāja Cōḻaṉ; Classical Sanskrit: Rājarāja Śōḷa; 947 – 1014), also known as Rajaraja the Great, was a Chola emperor who reigned from 985 CE to 1014 CE.
Rajarata
Rajarata (translit-std; translit-std; meaning "King's country") was one of three historical regions of the island of Sri Lanka for about 1,700 years from the 6th century BCE to the early 13th century CE.
Rajasinha II of Kandy
King Rajasinghe II, also known as Rajasingha II (pre coronation, Prince Dewa Astana/Dewarajasinghe), was a Sinhalese King, reigned 1629 – 6 December 1687; seventh king of the Kingdom of Kandy in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Rajasinha II of Kandy
Rajendra I
Rajendra I (/rɑːdʒeɪndrə/; Middle Tamil: Rājēntira Cōḻaṉ; Classical Sanskrit: Rājēndradēva Śōla; Old Malay: Raja Chulan; – 1044 CE), often referred to as Rajendra the Great, Gangaikonda Cholan (Middle Tamil: Kaṅkaikoṇṭa Cōḻaṉ), and Kadaram Kondan (Middle Tamil: Kaṭāram Koṇṭāṉ), was a Chola Emperor who reigned from 1014 and 1044 CE.
Rakshasa
Rākshasa (राक्षस,,; rakkhasa; "preservers") are a race of usually malevolent beings prominently featured in Hindu mythology.
Ramadan
Ramadan (Ramaḍān; also spelled Ramazan, Ramzan, Ramadhan, or Ramathan) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting (sawm), prayer (salah), reflection, and community.
Ramayana
The Ramayana (translit-std), also known as Valmiki Ramayana, as traditionally attributed to Valmiki, is a smriti text (also described as a Sanskrit epic) from ancient India, one of the two important epics of Hinduism known as the Itihasas, the other being the Mahabharata.
Ranil Wickremesinghe
Ranil Wickremesinghe (born 24 March 1949) is a Sri Lankan politician who is the 9th and current President of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Ranil Wickremesinghe
Ranmuthu Duwa
Ranmuthu Duwa (Island of Treasures) was the first colour full-length Sinhalese language film to be produced in Sri Lanka in 1962.
See Sri Lanka and Ranmuthu Duwa
Ratnapura
Ratnapura ("City of Gems" in Sinhala and Tamil) is a major city in Sri Lanka.
Ravana
Ravana was an ancient mythological king of the island of Lanka, and the chief antagonist in the Hindu epic Ramayana.
Red soil
Red soil is a type of soil that typically develops in warm, temperate, and humid climates and comprise approximately 13% of Earth's soils.
Red-faced malkoha
The red-faced malkoha (Phaenicophaeus pyrrhocephalus) is a member of the cuckoo order of birds, the Cuculiformes.
See Sri Lanka and Red-faced malkoha
Referendum
A referendum (referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue.
Rekava
Rekava (Sinhala for "Line of Destiny") is a 1956 film based on village life and mythical beliefs in Sri Lanka (then Ceylon).
Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
The relic of the tooth of Buddha (Pali danta dhātuya) is venerated in Sri Lanka as a sacred cetiya relic of the Buddha, who is the founder of Buddhism, the fourth largest religion worldwide.
See Sri Lanka and Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka
The Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka was a 2011 report produced by a panel of experts appointed by United Nations Secretary-General (UNSG) Ban Ki-moon to advise him on the issue of accountability with regard to any alleged violations of international human rights and humanitarian law during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War.
See Sri Lanka and Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka
Republic
A republic, based on the Latin phrase res publica ('public affair'), is a state in which political power rests with the public through their representatives—in contrast to a monarchy.
Reuters
Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.
Rienzi Crusz
Rienzi Crusz (17 October 1925 - 8 September 2017) was a Canadian poet.
See Sri Lanka and Rienzi Crusz
Right-wing politics
Right-wing politics is the range of political ideologies that view certain social orders and hierarchies as inevitable, natural, normal, or desirable, typically supporting this position based on natural law, economics, authority, property, religion, biology, or tradition.
See Sri Lanka and Right-wing politics
Rigveda
The Rigveda or Rig Veda (ऋग्वेद,, from ऋच्, "praise" and वेद, "knowledge") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns (sūktas).
Robert Brownrigg
General Sir Robert Brownrigg, 1st Baronet, GCB (8 February 1758 – 27 April 1833) was an Irish-born British statesman and soldier.
See Sri Lanka and Robert Brownrigg
Rohana Wijeweera
Patabendi Don Jinadasa Nandasiri Wijeweera (පටබැඳි දොන් ජිනදාස නන්දසිරි විජෙවීර; 14 July 1943 – 13 November 1989), better known as Rohana Wijeweera, was a Sri Lankan Marxist political activist, revolutionary and the founder of the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP).
See Sri Lanka and Rohana Wijeweera
Roman-Dutch law
Roman-Dutch law (Dutch: Rooms-Hollands recht, Afrikaans: Romeins-Hollandse reg) is an uncodified, scholarship-driven, and judge-made legal system based on Roman law as applied in the Netherlands in the 17th and 18th centuries.
See Sri Lanka and Roman-Dutch law
Roti
Roti (also known as chapati) is a round flatbread originating from the Indian subcontinent.
Routledge
Routledge is a British multinational publisher.
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies, and a component of His Majesty's Naval Service.
Rubella
Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, is an infection caused by the rubella virus.
Rugby union
Rugby union football, commonly known simply as rugby union or more often just rugby, is a close-contact team sport that originated at Rugby School in England in the first half of the 19th century.
Rule of law
The rule of law is a political ideal that all citizens and institutions within a country, state, or community are accountable to the same laws, including lawmakers and leaders.
Ruling party
The ruling party or governing party in a democratic parliamentary or presidential system is the political party or coalition holding a majority of elected positions in a parliament, in the case of parliamentary systems, or holding the executive branch, in presidential systems, that administers the affairs of state after an election.
See Sri Lanka and Ruling party
S&P Dow Jones Indices
S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC is a joint venture between S&P Global, the CME Group, and News Corp that was announced in 2011 and later launched in 2012.
See Sri Lanka and S&P Dow Jones Indices
S. J. V. Chelvanayakam
Samuel James Veluppillai Chelvanayakam (translit; 31 March 1898 – 26 April 1977) was a Ceylonese lawyer, politician and Member of Parliament.
See Sri Lanka and S. J. V. Chelvanayakam
S. M. Nayagam
Sundaram Mathura-Nayagam (24 September 1906 - 03 February 1972) was a pioneer of Sinhala cinema, producing the first ever Sinhala talkie, Kadawunu Poronduwa.
See Sri Lanka and S. M. Nayagam
S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike
Solomon West Ridgeway Dias Bandaranaike (8 January 1899 – 26 September 1959), also known as "The Silver Bell of Asia" (ආසියාවේ රිදී සීනුව), was a Ceylonese statesman who served as the fourth Prime Minister of the Dominion of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), serving from 1956 until his assassination.
See Sri Lanka and S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike
Sabaragamuwa Province
The Sabaragamuwa Province (සබරගමුව පළාත Sabaragamuwa Paḷāta, சபரகமுவ மாகாணம் Sabaragamuva Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sabaragamuwa Province
Sainthamaruthu shootout
On 26 April 2019, Sri Lankan security forces and National Thowheeth Jama'ath militants linked to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant clashed when the security forces raided a house in the town of Sainthamaruthu in Ampara District at around 7:30 pm.
See Sri Lanka and Sainthamaruthu shootout
Samagi Jana Balawegaya
The Samagi Jana Balawegaya (SJB;, translit, 'United People's Power') is a political alliance led by Leader of the Opposition Sajith Premadasa.
See Sri Lanka and Samagi Jana Balawegaya
Sanath Jayasuriya
Deshabandu Sanath Teran Jayasuriya (සනත් ජයසූරිය, சனத் ஜெயசூர்யா; born 30 June 1969), is a former Sri Lankan cricketer and captain, who is widely regarded as one of the greatest all rounders ever to play in ODI cricket.
See Sri Lanka and Sanath Jayasuriya
Sangam literature
The Sangam literature (Tamil: சங்க இலக்கியம், caṅka ilakkiyam, Malayalam: സംഘസാഹിത്യം, saṅgha sāhityam), historically known as 'the poetry of the noble ones' (Tamil: சான்றோர் செய்யுள், Cāṉṟōr ceyyuḷ), connotes the early classical Tamil literature and is the earliest known literature of South India.
See Sri Lanka and Sangam literature
Sanghamitta
Saṅghamittā (Saṅghamitrā in Sanskrit, nun's name Ayapali; 282 BC – 203 BC) was an Indian Buddhist nun and believed to be the eldest daughter (Sri Lankan Tradition) of Emperor Ashoka (304 BC – 232 BC) and his first wife and Empress, Devi (302 BCE – 242 BCE).
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (attributively संस्कृत-,; nominally संस्कृतम्) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
Satyagraha
Satyāgraha (सत्याग्रह; satya: "truth", āgraha: "insistence" or "holding firmly to"), or "holding firmly to truth", or "truth force", is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance.
Schools of Buddhism
The schools of Buddhism are the various institutional and doctrinal divisions of Buddhism that have existed from ancient times up to the present.
See Sri Lanka and Schools of Buddhism
Scuba diving
Scuba diving is a mode of underwater diving whereby divers use breathing equipment that is completely independent of a surface breathing gas supply, and therefore has a limited but variable endurance.
See Sri Lanka and Scuba diving
Sea level
Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured.
Seagrass
Seagrasses are the only flowering plants which grow in marine environments.
Semi-presidential republic
A semi-presidential republic, or dual executive republic, is a republic in which a president exists alongside a prime minister and a cabinet, with the latter two being responsible to the legislature of the state.
See Sri Lanka and Semi-presidential republic
Sena and Guttika
Sena and Guttika were two Tamil horse traders thought to be from South India who killed and usurped the throne of the reigning Anuradhapura king Suratissa.
See Sri Lanka and Sena and Guttika
Serendipity
Serendipity is an unplanned fortunate discovery.
Shafi'i school
The Shafi'i school or Shafi'ism (translit) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.
See Sri Lanka and Shafi'i school
Shaivism
Shaivism (translit-std) is one of the major Hindu traditions, which worships Shiva as the Supreme Being.
Sharia
Sharia (sharīʿah) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and hadith.
Sigiriya
Sigiriya or Sinhagiri (Lion Rock සීගිරිය, சிகிரியா/சிங்ககிரி, pronounced see-gi-ri-yə) is an ancient rock fortress located in the northern Matale District near the town of Dambulla in the Central Province, Sri Lanka.
Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula, commonly found in nature as quartz.
See Sri Lanka and Silicon dioxide
Silk Road
The Silk Road was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century.
Sinhala Kingdom
The Sinhala Kingdom or Sinhalese Kingdom refers to the successive Sinhalese kingdoms that existed in what is today Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sinhala Kingdom
Sinhala language
Sinhala (Sinhala: සිංහල), sometimes called Sinhalese, is an Indo-Aryan language primarily spoken by the Sinhalese people of Sri Lanka, who make up the largest ethnic group on the island, numbering about 16 million.
See Sri Lanka and Sinhala language
Sinhala Only Act
The Official Language Act (No. 33 of 1956), commonly referred to as the Sinhala Only Act, was an act passed in the Parliament of Ceylon in 1956.
See Sri Lanka and Sinhala Only Act
Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism is a Sri Lankan political ideology which combines a focus upon Sinhalese culture and ethnicity (nationalism) with an emphasis upon Theravada Buddhism, which is the majority belief system of most of the Sinhalese in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
Sinhalese New Year
Sinhalese New Year, generally known as Aluth Avurudda (අලුත් අවුරුද්ද) in Sri Lanka, is a Sri Lankan holiday that celebrates the traditional New Year of the Sinhalese people and Tamil population of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sinhalese New Year
Sinhalese people
The Sinhalese people (Sinhala Janathāva), also known as the Sinhalese or Sinhala people are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group native to the island of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sinhalese people
Sinhalese–Portuguese conflicts
Sinhalese–Portuguese conflicts refers to the series of armed engagements that took place from 1518 to 1658 in Sri Lanka (then known to Europeans as Ceylon) between the native Sinhalese and Tamil kingdoms and the Portuguese Empire.
See Sri Lanka and Sinhalese–Portuguese conflicts
Sinharaja Forest Reserve
Sinharaja Forest Reserve is a forest reserve and a biodiversity hotspot in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sinharaja Forest Reserve
Sirima–Gandhi Pact
The Sirima–Gandhi Pact or Srimavo-Gandhi Pact was an agreement that was signed between Sirimavo Bandaranaike, the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka, and Indira Gandhi, the Prime Minister of India, on 28 June 1974.
See Sri Lanka and Sirima–Gandhi Pact
Sirima–Shastri Pact
The Sirima–Shastri Pact or Srimavo-Shastri Pact (also known as the Indo-Ceylon Agreement and Bandaranaike-Shastri Pact) was an agreement that was signed between Sirimavo Bandaranaike, the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka, and Lal Bahadur Shastri, the Prime Minister of India, on 30 October 1964.
See Sri Lanka and Sirima–Shastri Pact
Sirimavo Bandaranaike
Sirima Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike (සිරිමා රත්වත්තේ ඩයස් බණ්ඩාරනායක; சிறிமா ரத்வத்தே டயஸ் பண்டாரநாயக்கே; 17 April 1916 – 10 October 2000), commonly known as Sirimavo Bandaranaike, was a Sri Lankan politician.
See Sri Lanka and Sirimavo Bandaranaike
Social class
A social class or social stratum is a grouping of people into a set of hierarchical social categories, the most common being the working class, middle class, and upper class.
See Sri Lanka and Social class
Soulbury Commission
The Soulbury Commission (සෝල්බරි කොමිෂන් සභාව Solbari Komishan Sabhawa; சோல்பரி ஆணைக்குழு) was a prime instrument of constitutional reform in British Ceylon (modern-day Sri Lanka) that succeeded the Donoughmore Commission.
See Sri Lanka and Soulbury Commission
South Asia
South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms.
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is the regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union of states in South Asia.
See Sri Lanka and South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
South India
South India, also known as Southern India or Peninsular India, is the southern part of the Deccan Peninsula in India encompassing the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry, occupying 19.31% of India's area and 20% of India's population.
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.
See Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia
Southern Province, Sri Lanka
The Southern Province (දකුණු පළාත Dakuṇu Paḷāta, தென் மாகாணம் Theṉ Mākāṇam) of Sri Lanka is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country.
See Sri Lanka and Southern Province, Sri Lanka
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.
See Sri Lanka and Soviet Union
Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka
The Speaker of the Parliament of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is the presiding officer of the chamber.
See Sri Lanka and Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka
Special Task Force (Sri Lanka)
The Special Task Force (STF) (Sinhala: විශේෂ කාර්ය බලකාය; Tamil: சிறப்பு அதிரடிப் படை) is an elite police tactical unit of the Sri Lanka Police specialising in clandestine and covert operations, combat and patrolling in urban areas, combat search and rescue, counterinsurgency and counterterrorism operations, crowd control, executive protection, forward observer, hostage rescue, indirect fire, irregular warfare, jungle and mountain warfare, parachuting, psychological warfare, search and rescue people who are in distress or imminent danger from disaster.
See Sri Lanka and Special Task Force (Sri Lanka)
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte, commonly known as Kotte, is the legislative capital of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
Sri Lanka Air Force
The Sri Lanka Air Force (SLAF; Śrī Laṃkā guwan hamudāva; Ilaṅkai vimāṉappaṭai) is the air arm and the youngest of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Air Force
Sri Lanka Armed Forces
The Sri Lanka Armed Forces is the overall unified military of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka encompassing the Sri Lanka Army, the Sri Lanka Navy, and the Sri Lanka Air Force; they are governed by the Ministry of Defence (MoD).
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Armed Forces
Sri Lanka Army
The Sri Lanka Army (Śrī Laṃkā yuddha hamudāva; Ilankai iraṇuvam) is the oldest and largest of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Army
Sri Lanka blue magpie
The Sri Lanka blue magpie or Ceylon magpie (Urocissa ornata) is a brightly coloured member of the family Corvidae, found exclusively in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka blue magpie
Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation
The Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation (SLBC) (ශ්රී ලංකා ගුවන් විදුලි සංස්ථාව, Shrī Lankā Guvan Viduli Sansthāva, இலங்கை ஒலிபரப்புக் கூட்டுத்தாபனம், Ilangkai Oliparappuk Kūṭṭuttāpaṉam) came into existence on 5 January 1967 when Radio Ceylon became a public corporation.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation
Sri Lanka Civil Security Force
The Department of Civil Security (Sinhala: සිවිල් ආරක්ෂක දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව Sivil ārakshaka depathamentuwā; Tamil: சிவில் பாதுகாப்பு துறை) (also known as the Civil Defence Force) is an auxiliary force administered by the Ministry of Defence.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Civil Security Force
Sri Lanka Coast Guard
The Sri Lanka Coast Guard (SLCG) (Śrī Laṃkā veralārakshaka depārtamēntuwa; இலங்கை கடலோர பாதுகாப்பு) is a Sri Lankan non-ministerial government department tasked with coast guard duties within the territorial waters of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Coast Guard
Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests
The Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests are a tropical dry broadleaf forest ecoregion of the island of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests
Sri Lanka Freedom Party
The Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP; translit; translit) is one of the main political parties of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Freedom Party
Sri Lanka Kaffirs
The Sri Lankan Kaffirs (cafrinhas in Portuguese, කාපිරි kāpiriyō in Sinhala, and காப்பிலி kāppili in Tamil) are an ethnic group in Sri Lanka who are partially descended from 16th-century Portuguese traders and Bantu slaves who were brought by them to work as labourers and soldiers to fight against the Sinhala kings.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Kaffirs
Sri Lanka lowland rain forests
The Sri Lanka lowland rain forests represents Sri Lanka's Tropical rainforests below in elevation in the southwestern part of the island.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka lowland rain forests
Sri Lanka Malay language
Sri Lankan Malay (also known as Sri Lankan Creole Malay, Bahasa Melayu, Ja basawa and Java mozhi) is a creole language spoken in Sri Lanka, formed as a mixture of Sinhala and Shonam (Sri Lankan Muslim Tamil), with Malay being the major lexifier.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Malay language
Sri Lanka Matha
The "Sri Lanka Matha" (translit; translit) is the national anthem of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Matha
Sri Lanka montane rain forests
The Sri Lanka montane rain forests is an ecoregion found above 1,000 m in the central highlands of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka montane rain forests
Sri Lanka Muslim Congress
The Sri Lanka Muslim Congress (translit; ශ්රී ලංකා මුස්ලිම් කොංග්රසය Sri Lanka Muslim Kongrasaya) is a political party in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Muslim Congress
Sri Lanka national cricket team
The Sri Lanka men's national cricket team, (Shri Lanka Jathika Crikat Kandayama; இலங்கை தேசிய கிரிக்கெட் அணி) nicknamed The Lions, represents Sri Lanka in men's international cricket.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka national cricket team
Sri Lanka national football team
The Sri Lanka national football team (ශ්රී ලංකා පාපන්දු කණ්ඩායම Shri Lanka Papandu Kandayama, இலங்கை தேசிய கால்பந்து அணி Ilaṅkai Tēciya Kālpantu Aṇi) represents Sri Lanka in Association football and is administered by Football Federation of Sri Lanka, the governing body of football in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka national football team
Sri Lanka Navy
The Sri Lanka Navy (SLN) (Śrī Laṃkā nāvika hamudāva; Ilaṅkai kaṭaṟpaṭai) is the naval arm of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces and is classed as the country's most vital defence force due to its island geography.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Navy
Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna
The Sri Lanka People's Front (translit; translit), commonly known by its Sinhalese name Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna (SLPP), is a political party in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna
Sri Lanka Railways
The Sri Lanka Railway Department (more commonly known as Sri Lanka Railways (SLR)) (Sinhala: ශ්රී ලංකා දුම්රිය සේවය Śrī Laṃkā Dumriya Sēvaya; Tamil: இலங்கை புகையிரத சேவை Ilankai Pugaiyiradha Sēvai) is Sri Lanka's railway owner and primary operator.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Railways
Sri Lanka Standard Time
Sri Lankan Standard Time (SLST) (Shri Lankavay Sammatha Velava, translit) is the time zone for Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lanka Standard Time
Sri Lankan Civil War
The Sri Lankan Civil War (śrī laṁkāvē sivil yuddhaya; Ilaṅkai uḷnāṭṭup pōr) was a civil war fought in Sri Lanka from 1983 to 2009.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan Civil War
Sri Lankan economic crisis (2019–present)
The Sri Lankan economic crisis is an ongoing crisis in Sri Lanka that started in 2019.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan economic crisis (2019–present)
Sri Lankan English
Sri Lankan English (SLE) is the English language as it is used in Sri Lanka, a term dating from 1972.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan English
Sri Lankan irrigation network
The irrigation works in ancient Sri Lanka were some of the most complex irrigation systems of the ancient world.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan irrigation network
Sri Lankan Malays
Sri Lankan Malays (Shri Lanka Mæle Janathava (Standard); මැලේ මිනිස්සු / ජා මිනිස්සු Mæle Minissu / Ja Minissu (Colloquially)), historically known as Ceylon Malays, are Sri Lankan citizens with full or partial ancestry from the Indonesian Archipelago, Malaysia, or Singapore.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan Malays
Sri Lankan Moors
Sri Lankan Moors (translit; Arwi:; translit; formerly Ceylon Moors; colloquially referred to as Sri Lankan Muslims) are an ethnic minority group in Sri Lanka, comprising 9.3% of the country's total population.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan Moors
Sri Lankan National Badminton Championships
Sri Lankan National Badminton Championships are officially held since the year 1953.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan National Badminton Championships
Sri Lankan rupee
The Sri Lankan Rupee (රුපියල්, ரூபாய்; symbol: රු (plural) in English, රු in Sinhala, ௹ in Tamil; ISO code: LKR) is the currency of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan rupee
Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism
Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism is the conviction of the Sri Lankan Tamil people, a minority ethnic group in the South Asian island country of Sri Lanka (formerly known as Ceylon), that they have the right to constitute an independent or autonomous political community.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism
Sri Lankan Tamils
Sri Lankan Tamils, also known as Ceylon Tamils or Eelam Tamils, are Tamils native to the South Asian island state of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan Tamils
Sri Rajadhi Rajasinha of Kandy
Sri Rajadhi Rajasinha (Sinhala:ශ්රී රාජාධි රාජසිංහ, Tamil:ஸ்ரீ ராஜாதி ராஜசிங்கம்; reigned 1782–1798) was a member of the Madurai royal family and succeeded his brother, Kirti Sri Rajasinha as King of Kandy in 1782.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Rajadhi Rajasinha of Kandy
Sri Vijaya Rajasinha of Kandy
Vijaya Rajasinha (Sinhala: ශ්රී විජය රාජසිංහ, Tamil: விஜய ராஜசின்ஹா; reigned 1739–1747) was a member of the Madurai Nayak Dynasty and succeeded his brother-in-law Vira Narendra Sinha as the King of Kandy.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Vijaya Rajasinha of Kandy
Sri Vikrama Rajasinha of Kandy
Sri Vikrama Rajasinha (Sinhala:ශ්රී වික්රම රාජසිංහ, Tamil:ஸ்ரீ விக்கிரம ராஜசிங்கன் Telugu:శ్రీ విక్రమ రాజసింహ; 1780 – January 30, 1832), born Kannasamy, was the last of four kings to rule the Kingdom of Kandy in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Sri Vikrama Rajasinha of Kandy
Srivijaya
Srivijaya (Sriwijaya), also spelled Sri Vijaya, was a Buddhist thalassocratic empire based on the island of Sumatra (in modern-day Indonesia) that influenced much of Southeast Asia. Sri Lanka and Srivijaya are island countries.
State Council of Ceylon
The State Council of Ceylon was the unicameral legislature for Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), established in 1931 by the Donoughmore Constitution.
See Sri Lanka and State Council of Ceylon
State religion
A state religion (also called official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state.
See Sri Lanka and State religion
State-sponsored Sinhalese colonisation
Sri Lankan state-sponsored colonization schemes is the government program of settling mostly Sinhalese farmers from the densely populated wet zone into the sparsely populated areas of the dry zone.
See Sri Lanka and State-sponsored Sinhalese colonisation
Stele
A stele,From Greek στήλη, stēlē, plural στήλαι stēlai; the plural in English is sometimes stelai based on direct transliteration of the Greek, sometimes stelae or stelæ based on the inflection of Greek nouns in Latin, and sometimes anglicized to steles.) or occasionally stela (stelas or stelæ) when derived from Latin, is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected in the ancient world as a monument.
Stupa
In Buddhism, a stupa (lit) is a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics (such as śarīra – typically the remains of Buddhist monks or nuns) that is used as a place of meditation.
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.
Supermajority
A supermajority (also called supra-majority, supramajority, qualified majority, or special majority) is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of more than one-half used for a simple majority.
See Sri Lanka and Supermajority
Supreme Court of Sri Lanka
The Supreme Court of Sri Lanka (Sri Lanka Sreshthadikaranaya; Ilankai uyar neetimanram) is the highest court in Sri Lanka and the final judicial instance of record.
See Sri Lanka and Supreme Court of Sri Lanka
Suratissa of Anuradhapura
Suratissa was an early monarch of Sri Lanka in the Kingdom of Anuradhapura, based at the ancient capital of Anuradhapura from 247 BC to 237 BC.
See Sri Lanka and Suratissa of Anuradhapura
Susanthika Jayasinghe
Deshabandu Kameradin Susanthika Jayasinghe (සුසන්තිකා ජයසිංහ; Tamil: சுசந்திகா ஜயசிங்ஹ, born December 17, 1975) is a Sri Lankan retired sprinter, who specialised in the 100 and 200 metres.
See Sri Lanka and Susanthika Jayasinghe
Tambralinga
Tambralinga (sc) was an Indianised kingdom located on the Malay Peninsula (in modern-day Southern Thailand), existing at least from the 2nd to 13th centuries CE.
Tamil language
Tamil (தமிழ்) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia.
See Sri Lanka and Tamil language
Tamil National Alliance
The Tamil National Alliance (TNA; தமிழ்த் தேசியக் கூட்டமைப்பு ISO 15919: tamiḻt tēciyakkūṭṭamaippu) is a political alliance in Sri Lanka that represents the country's Sri Lankan Tamil minority.
See Sri Lanka and Tamil National Alliance
Tamil United Liberation Front
The Tamil United Liberation Front (translit, translit) is a political party in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Tamil United Liberation Front
Tamils
The Tamils, also known as the Tamilar, are a Dravidian ethnolinguistic group who natively speak the Tamil language and trace their ancestry mainly to India's southern state of Tamil Nadu, to the union territory of Puducherry, and to Sri Lanka.
Taprobana
Taprobana (Taprobana; Ταπροβανᾶ), Trapobana, and Taprobane (Ταπροβανῆ, Ταπροβάνη) was the name by which the Indian Ocean island of Sri Lanka was known to the ancient Greeks.
Tea production in Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka (formerly called Ceylon) has a climate and varied elevation that allows for the production of both Camellia sinensis var.
See Sri Lanka and Tea production in Sri Lanka
Teak
Teak (Tectona grandis) is a tropical hardwood tree species in the family Lamiaceae.
Telugu language
Telugu (తెలుగు|) is a Dravidian language native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, where it is also the official language.
See Sri Lanka and Telugu language
Temple of the Tooth
Sri Dalada Maligawa (ශ්රී දළදා මාළිගාව), commonly known in English as the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, is a Buddhist temple in Kandy, Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Temple of the Tooth
Tennis
Tennis is a racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).
Test cricket
Test cricket is a form of first-class cricket played at the international level between teams representing full member countries of the International Cricket Council (ICC).
See Sri Lanka and Test cricket
Thailand
Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Indochinese Peninsula. Sri Lanka and Thailand are countries in Asia and member states of the United Nations.
The Buddha
Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha ('the awakened'), was a wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism.
The Daily Telegraph
The Daily Telegraph, known online and elsewhere as The Telegraph, is a British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed in the United Kingdom and internationally.
See Sri Lanka and The Daily Telegraph
The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
See Sri Lanka and The Guardian
The New York Times
The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.
See Sri Lanka and The New York Times
The Observer
The Observer is a British newspaper published on Sundays.
See Sri Lanka and The Observer
The World Factbook
The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.
See Sri Lanka and The World Factbook
Theravada
Theravāda ('School of the Elders') is the most commonly accepted name of Buddhism's oldest existing school.
Thesavalamai
Thesavalamai is the traditional law of the Sri Lankan Tamil inhabitants of the Jaffna peninsula, codified by the Dutch during their colonial rule in 1707.
See Sri Lanka and Thesavalamai
Thorium
Thorium is a chemical element.
Three Crowned Kings
The Three Crowned Kings, were the triumvirate of Chera, Chola and Pandya who dominated the politics of the ancient Tamil country, Tamilakam, from their three Nadu (countries) of Chola Nadu, Pandya Nadu (present day Madurai and Tirunelveli) and Chera Nadu (present day Kerala and some parts of Tamilnadu) in southern India.
See Sri Lanka and Three Crowned Kings
Tillakaratne Dilshan
Tillakaratne Mudiyanselage Dilshan (තිලකරත්න මුදියන්සේලාගේ ඩිල්ෂාන්; born 14 October 1976), commonly known as TM Dilshan is a former Sri Lankan cricketer and former captain of the Sri Lanka national cricket team.
See Sri Lanka and Tillakaratne Dilshan
Tissa Vitharana
Upali Tissa Vitharana (born 30 August 1934) is a Sri Lankan politician, former Member of Parliament and former cabinet minister.
See Sri Lanka and Tissa Vitharana
Transitional period of Sri Lanka
The Transitional period of Sri Lanka spans from the end of the Kingdom of Polonnaruwa, in 1232, to the start of the Kandyan period in 1597.
See Sri Lanka and Transitional period of Sri Lanka
Treaty of Amiens
The Treaty of Amiens (la paix d'Amiens) temporarily ended hostilities between France, the Spanish Empire, and the United Kingdom at the end of the War of the Second Coalition.
See Sri Lanka and Treaty of Amiens
Treaty of San Francisco
The, also called the, re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the Allied Powers on behalf of the United Nations by ending the legal state of war, military occupation and providing for redress for hostile actions up to and including World War II.
See Sri Lanka and Treaty of San Francisco
Trincomalee
Trincomalee (translit; translit), historically known as Gokanna and Gokarna, is the administrative headquarters of the Trincomalee District and major resort port city of Eastern Province, Sri Lanka.
Tripiṭaka
Tipiṭaka or Tripiṭaka, meaning "Triple Basket", is the traditional term for ancient collections of Buddhist sacred scriptures.
Tropical climate
Tropical climate is the first of the five major climate groups in the Köppen climate classification identified with the letter A. Tropical climates are defined by a monthly average temperature of or higher in the coolest month, featuring hot temperatures and high humidity all year-round.
See Sri Lanka and Tropical climate
Tropical cyclone
A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system with a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls.
See Sri Lanka and Tropical cyclone
Underdog
An underdog is a person or group in a competition, usually in sports and creative works, who is largely expected to lose.
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.
Unicameralism
Unicameralism (from uni- "one" + Latin camera "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one.
See Sri Lanka and Unicameralism
UNICEF
UNICEF, originally the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, officially United Nations Children's Fund since 1953, is an agency of the United Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide.
Unitary state
A unitary state is a sovereign state governed as a single entity in which the central government is the supreme authority.
See Sri Lanka and Unitary state
United Front (Sri Lanka)
The United Front (translit) was a political alliance in Sri Lanka, formed by the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), the Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP) and the Communist Party of Sri Lanka (CPSL) in 1968.
See Sri Lanka and United Front (Sri Lanka)
United National Party
The United National Party (UNP; translit, translit) is a centre-right political party in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and United National Party
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.
See Sri Lanka and United Nations
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA) is part of the United Nations Secretariat and is responsible for the follow-up to major United Nations Summits and Conferences, as well as services to the United Nations Economic and Social Council and the Second and Third Committees of the United Nations General Assembly.
See Sri Lanka and United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
United Nations Development Programme
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development.
See Sri Lanka and United Nations Development Programme
United Nations Environment Programme
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is responsible for coordinating responses to environmental issues within the United Nations system.
See Sri Lanka and United Nations Environment Programme
United Nations Human Rights Council
The United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) is a United Nations body whose mission is to promote and protect human rights around the world.
See Sri Lanka and United Nations Human Rights Council
United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (قوة الأممالمتحدة المؤقتة في لبنان, כוח האו"ם הזמני בלבנון), or UNIFIL (يونيفيل, יוניפי״ל), is a UN peacekeeping mission established on 19 March 1978 by United Nations Security Council Resolutions 425 and 426, to confirm Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon which Israel had invaded five days prior, in order to ensure that the government of Lebanon would restore its effective authority in the area.
See Sri Lanka and United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad
The United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) was a United Nations peacekeeping mission established by the United Nations Security Council on September 25, 2007 to provide a multidimensional presence of up to 350 police and military personnel to eastern Chad and north-eastern Central African Republic The mission comes as a response to the dire situation of an estimated 230,000 refugees from Darfur who continue to flee into bordering eastern Chad and north-eastern Central African Republic (CAR).
See Sri Lanka and United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad
United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti
The United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (Mission des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation en Haïti), also known as MINUSTAH, an acronym of its French name, was a UN peacekeeping mission in Haiti from 2004 to 2017.
See Sri Lanka and United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti
United People's Freedom Alliance
The United People's Freedom Alliance (abbreviated UPFA; එක්සත් ජනතා නිදහස් සන්ධානය Eksath Janathā Nidahas Sandānaya; ஐக்கிய மக்கள் சுதந்திரக் கூட்டணி) was a political alliance in Sri Lanka founded by former Sri Lankan president Chandrika Kumaratunga in 2004 and dissolved by former Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena in 2019.
See Sri Lanka and United People's Freedom Alliance
United States Department of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations.
See Sri Lanka and United States Department of State
Universal suffrage
Universal suffrage or universal franchise ensures the right to vote for as many people bound by a government's laws as possible, as supported by the "one person, one vote" principle.
See Sri Lanka and Universal suffrage
University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka)
University Grants Commission is the body responsible for funding most of the State Universities in Sri Lanka, and operates within the frame work of the Universities Act No.
See Sri Lanka and University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka)
University of California Press
The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.
See Sri Lanka and University of California Press
University of Michigan
The University of Michigan (U-M, UMich, or simply Michigan) is a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
See Sri Lanka and University of Michigan
University of Michigan Press
The University of Michigan Press is a new university press (NUP) that is a part of Michigan Publishing at the University of Michigan Library.
See Sri Lanka and University of Michigan Press
University of Peradeniya
The University of Peradeniya (පේරාදෙණිය විශ්වවිද්යාලය, பேராதனைப் பல்கலைக்கழகம்) is a public university in Sri Lanka, funded by the University Grants Commission.
See Sri Lanka and University of Peradeniya
Utilitarianism
In ethical philosophy, utilitarianism is a family of normative ethical theories that prescribe actions that maximize happiness and well-being for the affected individuals.
See Sri Lanka and Utilitarianism
Uva Province
The Uva Province (Uva Paḷāta, Uvā Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Uva Province
Valagamba of Anuradhapura
Valagamba (Sinhala: වළගම්බා), also known as the Great Black Lion, Wattagamani Abhaya and Valagambahu, was a king of the Anuradhapura Kingdom of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Valagamba of Anuradhapura
Vandana Shiva
Vandana Shiva (born 5 November 1952) is an Indian scholar, environmental activist, food sovereignty advocate, ecofeminist and anti-globalization author.
See Sri Lanka and Vandana Shiva
Vanga Kingdom
Vaṅga was an ancient kingdom and geopolitical division within the Ganges delta in the Indian subcontinent.
See Sri Lanka and Vanga Kingdom
Vedda
The Vedda (වැද්දා; வேடர் (Vēḍar)), or Wanniyalaeto, are a minority indigenous group of people in Sri Lanka who, among other sub-communities such as Coast Veddas, Anuradhapura Veddas and Bintenne Veddas, are accorded indigenous status.
Velir
The Velir were a royal house of minor dynastic kings and aristocratic chieftains in Tamilakam in the early historic period of South India.
Victor Rathnayake
Rathnayake Arachchilage Victor (Sinhala:වික්ටර් රත්නායක; born 18 February 1942), popularly known as Victor Rathnayake, is a Sri Lankan singer, composer, lyricist and a renowned musician.
See Sri Lanka and Victor Rathnayake
Vijayabahu I of Polonnaruwa
Vijayabahu I (born Prince Keerthi) (ruled 1055–1110), also known as Vijayabahu the Great, was a medieval king of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Vijayabahu I of Polonnaruwa
Vimaladharmasuriya I of Kandy
Vimaladharmasūriya I was a king of Kandy from 1590 to 1604.
See Sri Lanka and Vimaladharmasuriya I of Kandy
Vira Alakesvara of Gampola
Vira Alakesvara, also known as Vijayabahu VI, was the last King of Gampola who ruled from 1397 to 1411.
See Sri Lanka and Vira Alakesvara of Gampola
Vira Narendra Sinha of Kandy
Sri Veera Parackrama Narendrasinghe (Sinhala:ශ්රී වීර පරාක්රම නරේන්ද්රසිංහ; 1707–1739 AD) was the last Sinhalese King of Sri Lanka of the Kingdom of Kandy.
See Sri Lanka and Vira Narendra Sinha of Kandy
Vishvakarma
Vishvakarma or Vishvakarman (lit) is a craftsman deity and the divine architect of the devas in contemporary Hinduism.
Volleyball
Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net.
W. D. Amaradeva
Sri Lankabhimanya Wannakuwattawaduge Don Albert Perera (වන්නකුවත්තවඩුගේ දොන් ඇල්බට් පෙරේරා; டபிள்யூ.; 5 December 1927 – 3 November 2016), better known by his adopted name Amaradeva, was a prominent Sri Lankan Sinhalese vocalist, violinist and composer.
See Sri Lanka and W. D. Amaradeva
War crimes during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War
War crimes during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War are war crimes and crimes against humanity which the Sri Lanka Armed Forces and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Tamil Tigers) have been accused of committing during the final months of the Sri Lankan Civil War in 2009.
See Sri Lanka and War crimes during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War
Welfare state
A welfare state is a form of government in which the state (or a well-established network of social institutions) protects and promotes the economic and social well-being of its citizens, based upon the principles of equal opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for citizens unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good life.
See Sri Lanka and Welfare state
Western Ghats
The Western Ghats, also known as the Sahyadri, is a mountain range that stretches along the western coast of the Indian peninsula.
See Sri Lanka and Western Ghats
Western Province, Sri Lanka
The Western Province (බස්නාහිර පළාත Basnāhira Paḷāta; மேல் மாகாணம் Mael Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country.
See Sri Lanka and Western Province, Sri Lanka
Wilhelm Geiger
Wilhelm Ludwig Geiger (21 July 1856 – 2 September 1943) was a German Orientalist in the fields of Indo-Iranian languages and the history of Iran and Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Wilhelm Geiger
Wilpattu National Park
Wilpattu National Park (විල්පත්තු ජාතික වනෝද්යානය) is a national park in Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and Wilpattu National Park
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, or simply Wisden, colloquially the Bible of Cricket, is a cricket reference book published annually in the United Kingdom.
See Sri Lanka and Wisden Cricketers' Almanack
World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.
World Economic Forum
The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international non-governmental organization, think tank, and lobbying organisation based in Cologny, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland.
See Sri Lanka and World Economic Forum
World Giving Index
The World Giving Index (WGI) is an annual report published by the Charities Aid Foundation, using data gathered by Gallup, and ranks over 140 countries in the world according to how charitable they are.
See Sri Lanka and World Giving Index
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
See Sri Lanka and World Health Organization
World Press Freedom Index
The World Press Freedom Index (WPFI) is an annual ranking of countries compiled and published by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) since 2002 based upon the organization's own assessment of the countries' press freedom records in the previous year.
See Sri Lanka and World Press Freedom Index
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.
See Sri Lanka and World War II
Yaksha
The Yakshas (यक्ष,, i) are a broad class of nature spirits, usually benevolent, but sometimes mischievous or capricious, connected with water, fertility, trees, the forest, treasure and wilderness.
Yala National Park
Yala (යාල) National Park is the most visited and second largest national park in Sri Lanka, bordering the Indian Ocean.
See Sri Lanka and Yala National Park
Yapahuwa
Yapahuwa (Sinhalese language: යාපහුව) was one of the ephemeral capitals of medieval Sri Lanka.
Zheng He
Zheng He (also romanized Cheng Ho; 1371–1433/1435) was a Chinese fleet admiral, explorer, diplomat, and bureaucrat during the early Ming dynasty (1368–1644).
Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism (Din-e Zartoshti), also known as Mazdayasna and Behdin, is an Iranian religion.
See Sri Lanka and Zoroastrianism
.lk
.lk is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Sri Lanka.
10th parallel north
The 10th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 10 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
See Sri Lanka and 10th parallel north
115 Fifth Lane
115 Fifth Lane (commonly known as Fifth Lane) is the home of Ranil Wickremesinghe, the former Prime Minister and incumbent President of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and 115 Fifth Lane
1906 malaria outbreak in Ceylon
The 1906 malaria outbreak in Ceylon, was a major malaria outbreak in Ceylon during the early twentieth century.
See Sri Lanka and 1906 malaria outbreak in Ceylon
1948 Summer Olympics
The 1948 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XIV Olympiad and officially branded as London 1948, were an international multi-sport event held from 29 July to 14 August 1948 in London, United Kingdom.
See Sri Lanka and 1948 Summer Olympics
1953 Ceylonese Hartal
The Hartal 1953 (translit) was a country-wide demonstration of civil disobedience and strike, commonly known as a hartal, held in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) on 12 August 1953.
See Sri Lanka and 1953 Ceylonese Hartal
1956 Ceylonese parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Ceylon in 1956.
See Sri Lanka and 1956 Ceylonese parliamentary election
1962 Ceylonese coup attempt
The 1962 Ceylonese coup d'état attempt (also known as the Colonels' coup) was a failed military coup d'état planned in Ceylon (Sri Lanka).
See Sri Lanka and 1962 Ceylonese coup attempt
1971 JVP insurrection
The 1971 Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) insurrection (also known as the 1971 Revolt) was the first of two unsuccessful armed revolts conducted by the communist Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) against the socialist United Front Government of Sri Lanka (then Ceylon) under Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike.
See Sri Lanka and 1971 JVP insurrection
1987–1989 JVP insurrection
The 1987–1989 JVP insurrection, also known as the 1988–1989 revolt or the JVP troubles, was an armed revolt in Sri Lanka, led by the Marxist–Leninist Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna, against the Government of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and 1987–1989 JVP insurrection
1995 South Asian Gold Cup
The 1995 South Asian Gold Cup (also known as Bristoi Saaro Gold Cup) was held in Colombo, Sri Lanka between 25 March and 2 April.
See Sri Lanka and 1995 South Asian Gold Cup
1996 Cricket World Cup
The 1996 Cricket World Cup, also called the Wills World Cup 1996 after the Wills Navy Cut brand produced by tournament sponsor ITC, was the sixth Cricket World Cup organised by the International Cricket Council (ICC).
See Sri Lanka and 1996 Cricket World Cup
200 metres
The 200 metres, or 200-meter dash, is a sprint running event.
2000 Summer Olympics
The 2000 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXVII Olympiad, officially branded as Sydney 2000, and also known as the Games of the New Millennium, were an international multi-sport event held from 15 September to 1 October 2000 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
See Sri Lanka and 2000 Summer Olympics
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
On 26 December 2004, at 07:58:53 local time (UTC+7), a major earthquake with a magnitude of 9.2–9.3 struck with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia.
See Sri Lanka and 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
2007 Cricket World Cup
The 2007 ICC Cricket World Cup was the ninth Cricket World Cup, a One Day International (ODI) cricket tournament that took place in the West Indies from 13 March to 28 April 2007.
See Sri Lanka and 2007 Cricket World Cup
2009 ICC World Twenty20
The 2009 ICC World Twenty20 was the second edition of the ICC Men's T20 World Cup, formerly known as the ICC World Twenty20 that took place in England in June 2009.
See Sri Lanka and 2009 ICC World Twenty20
2011 Cricket World Cup
The 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup was the tenth Cricket World Cup.
See Sri Lanka and 2011 Cricket World Cup
2011 Cricket World Cup final
The 2011 Cricket World Cup Final was the final match of the 2011 Men's Cricket World Cup, the 10th edition of ICC's championship of One Day International (ODI) cricket.
See Sri Lanka and 2011 Cricket World Cup final
2012 ICC World Twenty20
The 2012 ICC World Twenty20 was the fourth edition of the ICC Men's T20 World Cup, formerly known as the ICC World Twenty20, an international Twenty20 cricket tournament that took place in Sri Lanka from 18 September to 7 October 2012 which was won by the West Indies.
See Sri Lanka and 2012 ICC World Twenty20
2014 ICC World Twenty20
The 2014 ICC World Twenty20 was the fifth edition of the ICC Men's T20 World Cup, formerly known as the ICC World Twenty20, an international Twenty20 cricket tournament, that took place in Bangladesh from 16 March to 6 April 2014.
See Sri Lanka and 2014 ICC World Twenty20
2015 Sri Lankan presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Sri Lanka on 8 January 2015, two years ahead of schedule.
See Sri Lanka and 2015 Sri Lankan presidential election
2016 Carrom World Championship
The 2016 Carrom World Championship, was the 7th edition of an international Carrom tournament governed by the International Carrom Federation, contested from 7 to 11 November 2016 in Birmingham, United Kingdom.
See Sri Lanka and 2016 Carrom World Championship
2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings
On 21 April 2019, Easter Sunday, three churches in Sri Lanka and three luxury hotels in the commercial capital, Colombo, were targeted in a series of coordinated ISIS-related terrorist suicide bombings.
See Sri Lanka and 2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings
2019 Sri Lankan presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Sri Lanka on 16 November 2019.
See Sri Lanka and 2019 Sri Lankan presidential election
2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Sri Lanka on 5 August 2020 to elect 225 members to Sri Lanka's 16th Parliament.
See Sri Lanka and 2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election
2022 Sri Lankan political crisis
The 2022 Sri Lankan political crisis was a political crisis in Sri Lanka due to the power struggle between President Gotabaya Rajapaksa and the people of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and 2022 Sri Lankan political crisis
2022 Sri Lankan presidential election
An indirect presidential election was held in the Parliament of Sri Lanka on 20 July 2022 following the resignation of president Gotabaya Rajapaksa on 14 July.
See Sri Lanka and 2022 Sri Lankan presidential election
2022 Sri Lankan protests
The 2022 Sri Lankan protests, commonly known as Aragalaya (lit), were a series of mass protests that began in March 2022 against the government of Sri Lanka.
See Sri Lanka and 2022 Sri Lankan protests
400 metres hurdles
The 400 metres hurdles is a track and field hurdling event.
See Sri Lanka and 400 metres hurdles
5th parallel north
The 5th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 5 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
See Sri Lanka and 5th parallel north
5th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement
5th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement on 16–19 August 1976 in Colombo, Sri Lanka was the conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement.
See Sri Lanka and 5th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement
79th meridian east
The meridian 79° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
See Sri Lanka and 79th meridian east
82nd meridian east
The meridian 82° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
See Sri Lanka and 82nd meridian east
See also
Buddhist states
- Bhutan
- Cambodia
- Myanmar
- Sri Lanka
- Tibet Autonomous Region
Countries and territories where Tamil is an official language
- List of countries and territories where Tamil is an official language
- Puducherry (union territory)
- Singapore
- Sri Lanka
- Tamil Nadu
G15 nations
- Algeria
- Argentina
- Brazil
- Chile
- Egypt
- India
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Jamaica
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Island countries of the Indian Ocean
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Member states of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
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Republics in the Commonwealth of Nations
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Socialist states
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- Tanzania
South Asian countries
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States and territories established in 1972
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- Southern Sudan Autonomous Region (1972–1983)
- Sri Lanka
- Tripura
- Union Territory of Mizoram
- Union of Arab Republics (1972)
- Vaishali district
- West Region (Cameroon)
- Yershichsky District
References
Also known as Ceilan, Ceilao, Cejlon, Ceylon, Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Ceylon Independence Act 1947, Ceylonese State, Choshalichak Kutiyarachu, DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA, Etymology of Sri Lanka, Flora and fauna of Sri Lanka, Free Sovereign and Independent Republic of Sri Lanka, Free, Sovereign and Independent Republic of Sri Lanka, Hela Diva, Heladiva, Helaya, ISO 3166-1:LK, Ilankai, Ilankai Jananayaka, Ilankai Jananayaka Choshalichak Kutiyarachu, Ilaṅkai, Ilaṅkai Jaṉanāyaka Choṣhalichak Kuṭiyarachu, Independence of Sri Lanka, Island of Ceylon, Island of Sri Lanka, Provincial capitals of Sri Lanka, Republic of Sri Lanka, S Lanka, SRILANKA, Seilan, Shri Lamka Prajatantrika Samajaya di Janarajaya, Shri Lanka, Sielediva, Sir Lanka, Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, Sri Lamka, Sri Lanak, Sri Lanca, Sri Lankan Democratic Socialist Republic, Sri Lankan Martial Arts, Sri Lankan Republic, Sri-Lanka, Srī Laṁkā Prajātāntrika Samājavādī Janarajaya, Sulloon, The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, The Sri Lanka, Venerable Island, , Śrī Laṃkāva.
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