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Ammonium chloride

Index Ammonium chloride

Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4Cl and a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. [1]

243 relations: Acid, Acid salt, Adolph Strecker, Alanine, Albumen print, Alkaline battery, Ammonia, Ammonia production, Ammonia solution, Ammonium, Ammonium bicarbonate, Ammonium bromide, Ammonium chlorate, Ammonium cyanide, Ammonium fluoride, Ammonium hexachloroplatinate, Ammonium iodide, Ammonium iron(III) sulfate, Ammonium nitrate, Ammonium nitrite, Ammonium perchlorate, Ammonium permanganate, Ammonium sulfate, Amun, Anion gap, Apteekin Salmiakki, Aqua regia, Aspirin, ATC code B05, ATC code G04, Banjawarn Station, Barium, Barium hydroxide, Base (chemistry), Basil Valentine, Battery nomenclature, Becher process, Bidriware, Borax, Borazine, Boris Nemtsov, Boron, Calcium hydroxide, Calcium morphenate, Calumetite, Carbomycin, Carl Gassner, Cephalopod, Cephalopod dermal structures, Cephalopod size, ..., Cerium(III) chloride, Charles S. Slichter, Chemische Fabrik Kalk, Chemistry set, Chiroteuthidae, Chloramine, Chlorine bomb, Chloroplatinic acid, ClH4N, Cold water pitting of copper tube, Comparative Tracking Index, Congregibacter litoralis, Copșa Mică works, Copper in architecture, Copper(II) hydroxide, Copper(II) oxide, Crack cocaine, Critical relative humidity, Cyclopropylacetylene, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, Deep sea, Delépine reaction, Deliming, Deodorant, Distal renal tubular acidosis, Diuresis, Diuretic, Dough conditioner, Dry cell, Ductile iron pipe, Dysprosium(III) chloride, E number, E510, Eggnog, Electric battery, Electrogalvanization, Endothermic process, Erbium(III) chloride, Ethanol, Europium(III) chloride, Fahrenheit, Fire-safe polymers, Fishless cycling, Flux (metallurgy), Frigorific mixture, Fulminating gold, Gadolinium(III) chloride, Geophotography, Georges Leclanché, Giant squid, Glossary of chemical formulas, Glycine, Golding Bird, Herbert Brereton Baker, Heteroatom-promoted lateral lithiation, Hexachlorophosphazene, Hexamethylenetetramine, Hexamminecobalt(III) chloride, History and culture of substituted amphetamines, History of the battery, Holmium(III) chloride, Holmium(III) oxide, Hot-dip galvanization, Hydrothermal synthesis, Hyperaccumulators table – 3, Hyperchloremic acidosis, Inorganic compounds by element, International Numbering System for Food Additives, Isotopic labeling, Jabir ibn Hayyan, James Hutton, Johann Benckiser, Kerosene, Kipp's apparatus, Kutkai, Lactic acid, Lakrisal, Lanthanum, Lanthanum(III) chloride, Lead tetrachloride, Lead(II) oxide, Leclanché cell, Leslie Keeley, Liesegang rings, Liquorice, Liquorice (confectionery), List of additives for hydraulic fracturing, List of alchemical substances, List of CAS numbers by chemical compound, List of commonly available chemicals, List of fictional medicines and drugs, List of food additives, List of giant squid specimens and sightings, List of inorganic compounds, List of ions, List of MeSH codes (D01), List of minerals S (complete), Lysis buffer, Magnetite, Manganese dioxide, Manganese(III) oxide, Marko Leko, Mercury(I) chloride, Metabolic acidosis, Methylamine, Mischmetal, Mucokinetics, Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi, Muzzle flash, Neodymium(III) chloride, Nickel electroplating, Nitrate test, Nitrogen, Noflan, Norman Lowther Edson, Nussdorf, Vienna, Organoyttrium chemistry, Oseltamivir total synthesis, Osmium tetroxide, Outline of alchemy, Palladium, Pantteri, Payne rearrangement, People sniffer, Perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride, Phencyclidine, Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, Pirate coins, Platinum, Polysilazane, Praseodymium(III) chloride, Propylamine, Protonation, Pyrotechnic composition, Qualitative inorganic analysis, Reduction of nitro compounds, Rhenium, Rhodium, Salammoniac, Salmiakki Koskenkorva, Salt (chemistry), Salter Science, Salty liquorice, Samarium(III) chloride, Scandium oxide, Sclera, Shampoo, Shankha, Silyl ether, Sodium bicarbonate, Sodium carbonate, Sodium perchlorate, Solubility chart, Solubility table, Solvay process, Standard enthalpy of formation, Standard Gibbs free energy of formation, Stephen aldehyde synthesis, Stille reaction, Storm glass, Strecker amino acid synthesis, Strontium carbonate, Strontium hydroxide, Strontium peroxide, Sublimation (phase transition), Swedish cuisine, Taftan (volcano), TATB, Terpin, Tetramethylammonium chloride, Teuthowenia megalops, Total synthesis, Trimethylamine, Triphenylphosphine, Triphosphorus pentanitride, Troll (Discworld), Tyrkisk peber, Urea, Urine, Urobilinogen, Vanadinite, Vitamin B12 total synthesis, Wöhler synthesis, Wender Taxol total synthesis, William Murdoch, Ytterbium(III) chloride, Yttrium, Yttrium(III) chloride, Yttrium(III) oxide, Zinc chloride, Zinc–carbon battery, 1,3,5-Triazine, 2017 in Afghanistan. Expand index (193 more) »

Acid

An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a hydron (proton or hydrogen ion H+), or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (a Lewis acid).

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Acid salt

Acid salt is a class of salts that produces an acidic solution after being dissolved in a solvent.

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Adolph Strecker

Adolph Strecker (October 21, 1822 – November 7, 1871) was a German chemist who is remembered primarily for his work with amino acids.

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Alanine

Alanine (symbol Ala or A) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

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Albumen print

The albumen print, also called albumen silver print, was published in January 1847 by Louis Désiré Blanquart-Evrard, and was the first commercially exploitable method of producing a photographic print on a paper base from a negative.

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Alkaline battery

No description.

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Ammonia

Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.

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Ammonia production

Ammonia is one of the most highly produced inorganic chemicals.

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Ammonia solution

Ammonia solution, also known as ammonia water, ammoniacal liquor, ammonia liquor, aqua ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or (inaccurately) ammonia, is a solution of ammonia in water.

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Ammonium

The ammonium cation is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula.

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Ammonium bicarbonate

Ammonium bicarbonate is an inorganic compound with formula (NH4)HCO3, simplified to NH5CO3.

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Ammonium bromide

Ammonium bromide, NH4Br, is the ammonium salt of hydrobromic acid.

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Ammonium chlorate

Ammonium chlorate is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4ClO3.

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Ammonium cyanide

Ammonium cyanide is an unstable inorganic compound with the formula NH4CN.

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Ammonium fluoride

Ammonium fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula NH4F.

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Ammonium hexachloroplatinate

Ammonium hexachloroplatinate, also known as ammonium chloroplatinate, is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)2.

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Ammonium iodide

Ammonium iodide is the chemical compound NH4I.

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Ammonium iron(III) sulfate

Ammonium iron(III) sulfate, NH4Fe(SO4)2·12 H2O, or NH4(SO4)2·6 H2O, also known as ferric ammonium sulfate (FAS) or iron alum, is a double salt in the class of alums, which consists of compounds with the general formula AB(SO4)2 · 12 H2O.

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Ammonium nitrate

Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound, the nitrate salt of the ammonium cation.

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Ammonium nitrite

Ammonium nitrite, NH4NO2, is the ammonia salt of nitrous acid.

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Ammonium perchlorate

Ammonium perchlorate ("AP") is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4ClO4. It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in water. Perchlorate is a powerful oxidizer and ammonium is a good fuel. This combination explains the usefulness of this material as a rocket propellant. Its instability has involved it in a number of accidents, such as the PEPCON disaster.

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Ammonium permanganate

Ammonium permanganate is the chemical compound NH4MnO4, or NH3·HMnO4.

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Ammonium sulfate

Ammonium sulfate (American English and international scientific usage; ammonium sulphate in British English); (NH4)2SO4, is an inorganic salt with a number of commercial uses.

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Amun

Amun (also Amon, Ammon, Amen; Greek Ἄμμων Ámmōn, Ἅμμων Hámmōn) was a major ancient Egyptian deity who appears as a member of the Hermopolitan ogdoad.

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Anion gap

The anion gap (AG or AGAP) is a value calculated from the results of multiple individual medical lab tests.

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Apteekin Salmiakki

Apteekin Salmiakki (trademarked in English as Apothecary's Salmiac) is a lozenge-shaped hard candy brand of salmiakki, or salty liquorice candy, made by the Finnish company Haganol.

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Aqua regia

Aqua regia (from Latin, "royal water" or "king's water") is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, optimally in a molar ratio of 1:3.

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Aspirin

Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a medication used to treat pain, fever, or inflammation.

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ATC code B05

B05.

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ATC code G04

G04.

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Banjawarn Station

Banjawarn Station is a remote cattle station that previously operated as a sheep station in Western Australia.

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Barium

Barium is a chemical element with symbol Ba and atomic number 56.

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Barium hydroxide

Barium hydroxide are chemical compounds with the chemical formula Ba(OH)2(H2O)x.

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Base (chemistry)

In chemistry, bases are substances that, in aqueous solution, release hydroxide (OH−) ions, are slippery to the touch, can taste bitter if an alkali, change the color of indicators (e.g., turn red litmus paper blue), react with acids to form salts, promote certain chemical reactions (base catalysis), accept protons from any proton donor, and/or contain completely or partially displaceable OH− ions.

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Basil Valentine

Basil Valentine is the Anglicised version of the name Basilius Valentinus, ostensibly a 15th-century alchemist, possibly Canon of the Benedictine Priory of Saint Peter in Erfurt, Germany but more likely a pseudonym used by one or several 16th-century German authors.

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Battery nomenclature

Standard battery nomenclature describes portable dry cell batteries that have physical dimensions and electrical characteristics interchangeable between manufacturers.

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Becher process

The Becher Process is an industrial process used to upgrade ilmenite to synthetic rutile.

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Bidriware

Bidriware is a metal handicraft from Bidar.

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Borax

Borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, is an important boron compound, a mineral, and a salt of boric acid.

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Borazine

Borazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula (BH)3(NH)3.

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Boris Nemtsov

Boris Yefimovich Nemtsov (p; 9 October 195927 February 2015) was a Russian physicist and liberal politician.

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Boron

Boron is a chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5.

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Calcium hydroxide

Calcium hydroxide (traditionally called slaked lime) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)2.

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Calcium morphenate

Calcium morphenate is a calcium salt of morphine which is produced by using calcium bases to raise the pH of an aqueous solution of opium alkaloids to around 9.0.

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Calumetite

Calumetite is a natural rarely occurring mineral.

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Carbomycin

Carbomycin, also known as magnamycin, is a colorless, optically active crystalline macrolide antibiotic with the molecular formula C42H67NO16.

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Carl Gassner

Carl Gassner is a German physician (17 November 1855 in Mainz; † 31 January 1942), scientist and inventor, better known to have contributed to improve the Leclanché cell and to have fostered the development of the first dry cell, also known as the zinc–carbon battery, less likely to break or leak and that could be effectively industrially produced at large scale.

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Cephalopod

A cephalopod is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda (Greek plural κεφαλόποδα, kephalópoda; "head-feet") such as a squid, octopus or nautilus.

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Cephalopod dermal structures

Cephalopods exhibit various dermal structures on their mantles and other parts.

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Cephalopod size

Cephalopods vary enormously in size.

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Cerium(III) chloride

Cerium(III) chloride (CeCl3), also known as cerous chloride or cerium trichloride, is a compound of cerium and chlorine.

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Charles S. Slichter

Charles Sumner Slichter (1864–1946) was an applied mathematician and Dean of the Graduate School at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

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Chemische Fabrik Kalk

Chemische Fabrik Kalk (CFK) (lit. Chemical Factory Kalk) was a German chemicals company based in Kalk, a city district of Cologne.

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Chemistry set

A chemistry set is an educational toy allowing the user (typically a teenager) to perform simple chemistry experiments.

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Chiroteuthidae

The Chiroteuthidae are a family of deep-sea squid, generally small to medium in size, rather soft and gelatinous, and slow moving.

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Chloramine

Chloramines are derivatives of ammonia by substitution of one, two or three hydrogen atoms with chlorine atoms: monochloramine (chloroamine, NH2Cl), dichloramine (NHCl2), and nitrogen trichloride (NCl3).

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Chlorine bomb

A chlorine bomb is a small explosive device which uses the pressure of chemically produced chlorine gas or other chlorine-containing gases such as hydrogen chloride to produce an explosion.

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Chloroplatinic acid

Chloroplatinic acid or hexachloroplatinic acid is an inorganic compound with the formula 2(H2O)x.

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ClH4N

No description.

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Cold water pitting of copper tube

Cold water pitting of copper tube occurs in only a minority of installations.

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Comparative Tracking Index

The Comparative Tracking Index or CTI is used to measure the electrical breakdown (tracking) properties of an insulating material.

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Congregibacter litoralis

Congregibacter litoralis KT71 is a gram-negative Gammaproteobacteria part of the NOR5/OM60 Clade discovered in seawater from Heligoland, an island in the North Sea by H. Eilers from the Max Planck Institute for Microbiology.

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Copșa Mică works

The Copșa Mică works were two factories in the Transylvanian town of Copșa Mică, Sibiu County, Romania.

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Copper in architecture

Copper has earned a respected place in the related fields of architecture, building construction, and interior design.

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Copper(II) hydroxide

Copper(II) hydroxide is the hydroxide of copper with the chemical formula of Cu(OH)2.

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Copper(II) oxide

Copper(II) oxide or cupric oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula CuO.

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Crack cocaine

Crack cocaine, also known simply as crack, is a free base form of cocaine that can be smoked.

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Critical relative humidity

The critical relative humidity (CRH) of a salt is defined as the relative humidity of the surrounding atmosphere (at a certain temperature) at which the material begins to absorb moisture from the atmosphere and below which it will not absorb atmospheric moisture.

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Cyclopropylacetylene

Cyclopropylacetylene is an organic compound with the chemical formula.

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Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit

Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit FRS (24 May 1686 – 16 September 1736) was a Dutch-German-Polish physicist, inventor, and scientific instrument maker.

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Deep sea

The deep sea or deep layer is the lowest layer in the ocean, existing below the thermocline and above the seabed, at a depth of 1000 fathoms (1800 m) or more.

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Delépine reaction

The Delépine reaction is the organic synthesis of primary amines (4) by reaction of a benzyl or alkyl halides (1) with hexamethylenetetramine (2) followed by acid hydrolysis of the quaternary ammonium salt (3).

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Deliming

The deliming operation in leather processing is a drum/paddle or pit based operation where two main objectives are met.

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Deodorant

A deodorant is a substance applied to the body to prevent body odor caused by the bacterial breakdown of perspiration in armpits, feet, and other areas of the body.

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Distal renal tubular acidosis

Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) or Type 1 renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is the classical form of RTA, being the first described.

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Diuresis

Diuresis is increased urination and the physiologic process that produces such an increase.

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Diuretic

A diuretic is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine.

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Dough conditioner

A dough conditioner is any ingredient or chemical added to bread dough to strengthen its texture or otherwise improve it in some way.

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Dry cell

A dry cell is a type of battery, commonly used for portable electrical devices.

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Ductile iron pipe

Ductile iron pipe is a pipe made of ductile cast iron commonly used for potable water transmission and distribution.

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Dysprosium(III) chloride

Dysprosium(III) chloride (DyCl3), also known as dysprosium trichloride, is a compound of dysprosium and chlorine.

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E number

E numbers are codes for substances that are permitted to be used as food additives for use within the European Union and EFTA.

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E510

E510 may refer to.

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Eggnog

Eggnog, egg nog or egg-nog, historically also known (when alcoholic beverages are added) as milk punch or egg milk punch, is a rich, chilled, sweetened, dairy-based beverage.

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Electric battery

An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones, and electric cars.

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Electrogalvanization

Electrogalvanizing is a process in which a layer of zinc is bonded to steel in order to protect against corrosion.

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Endothermic process

The term endothermic process describes the process or reaction in which the system absorbs energy from its surroundings, usually in the form of heat.

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Erbium(III) chloride

Erbium(III) chloride, is a violet solid with the formula ErCl3.

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Ethanol

Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is a chemical compound, a simple alcohol with the chemical formula.

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Europium(III) chloride

Europium(III) chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula EuCl3.

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Fahrenheit

The Fahrenheit scale is a temperature scale based on one proposed in 1724 by Dutch-German-Polish physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736).

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Fire-safe polymers

Fire-safe polymers are polymers that are resistant to degradation at high temperatures.

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Fishless cycling

Fishless cycling is a form of "maturing" an aquarium.

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Flux (metallurgy)

In metallurgy, a flux (derived from Latin fluxus meaning “flow”) is a chemical cleaning agent, flowing agent, or purifying agent.

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Frigorific mixture

A frigorific mixture is a mixture of two or more phases in a chemical system that, so long as none of the phases is consumed during equilibration, reaches an equilibrium temperature that is independent of the starting temperature of the phases before they are mixed.

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Fulminating gold

Fulminating gold is a light- and shock-sensitive yellow to yellow-orange amorphous heterogeneous mixture of different polymeric compounds of predominantly gold (III), ammonia, and chlorine that cannot be described by a chemical formula.

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Gadolinium(III) chloride

Gadolinium(III) chloride, also known as gadolinium trichloride, is GdCl3.

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Geophotography

Geophotography (also geo-photography or geological photography) is a subfield of geology that involves the use of photography or other imaging techniques in the visible or near-visible (e.g. ultraviolet, infrared) spectrum to realistically record objects, features, and processes of geological significance.

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Georges Leclanché

Georges Leclanché (October 9, 1839 – September 14, 1882) was a French electrical engineer chiefly remembered for his invention of the Leclanché cell, one of the first modern electrical batteries and the forerunner of the modern dry cell battery.

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Giant squid

The giant squid (genus Architeuthis) is a deep-ocean dwelling squid in the family Architeuthidae.

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Glossary of chemical formulas

This is a list of common chemical compounds with chemical formulas and CAS numbers, indexed by formula.

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Glycine

Glycine (symbol Gly or G) is the amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain.

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Golding Bird

Golding Bird (9 December 1814 – 27 October 1854) was a British medical doctor and a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians.

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Herbert Brereton Baker

Herbert Brereton Baker, CBE, FRS (25 June 1862 – 27 April 1935) was a British inorganic chemist.

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Heteroatom-promoted lateral lithiation

Heteroatom-promoted lateral lithiation is the site-selective replacement of a benzylic hydrogen atom for lithium for the purpose of further functionalization.

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Hexachlorophosphazene

Hexachlorophosphazene is an inorganic compound with the formula (NPCl2)3.

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Hexamethylenetetramine

Hexamethylenetetramine or methenamine is a heterocyclic organic compound with the formula (CH2)6N4.

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Hexamminecobalt(III) chloride

Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula Cl3.

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History and culture of substituted amphetamines

Amphetamine and methamphetamine are both pharmaceutical drugs used to treat a variety of conditions, along with recreational drugs, which are colloquially known as "speed." Amphetamine was first synthesized in 1887 in Germany by Romanian chemist Lazăr Edeleanu who named it phenylisopropylamine.

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History of the battery

Batteries provided the main source of electricity before the development of electric generators and electrical grids around the end of the 19th century.

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Holmium(III) chloride

Holmium(III) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula HoCl3.

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Holmium(III) oxide

Holmium(III) oxide, or holmium oxide is a chemical compound of a rare-earth element holmium and oxygen with the formula Ho2O3.

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Hot-dip galvanization

Hot-dip galvanization is a form of galvanization.

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Hydrothermal synthesis

Hydrothermal synthesis includes the various techniques of crystallizing substances from high-temperature aqueous solutions at high vapor pressures; also termed "hydrothermal method".

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Hyperaccumulators table – 3

This list covers hyperaccumulators, plant species which accumulate, or are tolerant of radionuclides (Cd, Cs-137, Co, Pu-238, Ra, Sr, U-234, 235, 238), hydrocarbons and organic solvents (Benzene, BTEX, DDT, Dieldrin, Endosulfan, Fluoranthene, MTBE, PCB, PCNB, TCE and by-products), and inorganic solvents (Potassium ferrocyanide).

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Hyperchloremic acidosis

Hyperchloremic acidosis is a form of metabolic acidosis associated with a normal anion gap, a decrease in plasma bicarbonate concentration, and an increase in plasma chloride concentration (see anion gap for a fuller explanation).

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Inorganic compounds by element

This is a list of common inorganic and organometallic compounds of each element.

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International Numbering System for Food Additives

The International Numbering System for Food Additives (INS) is a European-based naming system for food additives, aimed at providing a short designation of what may be a lengthy actual name.

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Isotopic labeling

Isotopic labeling (or isotopic labelling) is a technique used to track the passage of an isotope (an atom with a detectable variation) through a reaction, metabolic pathway, or cell.

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Jabir ibn Hayyan

Abu Mūsā Jābir ibn Hayyān (جابر بن حیانl fa, often given the nisbas al-Bariqi, al-Azdi, al-Kufi, al-Tusi or al-Sufi; fl. c. 721c. 815), also known by the Latinization Geber, was a polymath: a chemist and alchemist, astronomer and astrologer, engineer, geographer, philosopher, physicist, and pharmacist and physician.

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James Hutton

James Hutton (3 June 1726 – 26 March 1797) was a Scottish geologist, physician, chemical manufacturer, naturalist, and experimental agriculturalist.

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Johann Benckiser

Johann Adam Benckiser (30 December 1782 – 7 May 1851) was the founder of Joh. A. Benckiser GmbH, a major German chemicals business.

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Kerosene

Kerosene, also known as paraffin, lamp oil, and coal oil (an obsolete term), is a combustible hydrocarbon liquid which is derived from petroleum.

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Kipp's apparatus

Kipp's apparatus, also called Kipp generator, is an apparatus designed for preparation of small volumes of gases.

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Kutkai

Kutkai (ကွတ်ခိုင် kwat hkuing) is a town and seat of Kutkai Township, in the Shan State of eastern-central Burma.

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Lactic acid

Lactic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)COOH.

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Lakrisal

Lakrisal is a Malaco brand of salty liquorice (liquorice and ammonium chloride flavored candy) sold in the Nordic countries and the Netherlands.

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Lanthanum

Lanthanum is a chemical element with symbol La and atomic number 57.

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Lanthanum(III) chloride

Lanthanum chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula LaCl3.

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Lead tetrachloride

Lead tetrachloride, also known as lead(IV) chloride, has the molecular formula PbCl4.

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Lead(II) oxide

Lead(II) oxide, also called lead monoxide, is the inorganic compound with the molecular formula PbO.

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Leclanché cell

The Leclanché cell is a battery invented and patented by the French scientist Georges Leclanché in 1866.

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Leslie Keeley

Leslie Enraught Keeley, M.D. (June 10, 1836 – February 21, 1900) was an American physician, originator of the Keeley Cure.

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Liesegang rings

Liesegang rings are a phenomenon seen in many, if not most, chemical systems undergoing a precipitation reaction, under certain conditions of concentration and in the absence of convection.

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Liquorice

Liquorice (British English) or licorice (American English) is the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra from which a sweet flavour can be extracted.

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Liquorice (confectionery)

Liquorice (British English) or licorice (American English) is a confection usually flavoured with the extract of the roots of the liquorice plant Glycyrrhiza glabra.

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List of additives for hydraulic fracturing

The differences between additives for hydraulic fracturing in different countries are the type of chemicals used (hazardous, non-hazardous), the disclosure of chemicals and the composition of fracturing fluid.

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List of alchemical substances

Alchemical studies produced a number of substances, which were later classified as particular chemical compounds or mixtures of compounds.

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List of CAS numbers by chemical compound

This is a list of CAS numbers by chemical formulas and chemical compounds, indexed by formula.

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List of commonly available chemicals

Many chemicals are commonly available in pure form.

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List of fictional medicines and drugs

The use of fictional medicine and drugs has history in both fiction (usually fantasy or science fiction) and the real world.

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List of food additives

;Acids: Food acids are added to make flavors "sharper", and also act as preservatives and antioxidants.

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List of giant squid specimens and sightings

This list of giant squid specimens and sightings is a comprehensive timeline of recorded human encounters with members of the genus Architeuthis, popularly known as giant squid.

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List of inorganic compounds

Although most compounds are referred to by their IUPAC systematic names (following IUPAC nomenclature), "traditional" names have also been kept where they are in wide use or of significant historical interests.

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List of ions

This is a list of ions, indexed according to the periodic table.

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List of MeSH codes (D01)

This is the fourth part of the list of the "D" codes for MeSH.

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List of minerals S (complete)

No description.

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Lysis buffer

A lysis buffer is a buffer solution used for the purpose of breaking open cells for use in molecular biology experiments that analyze the compounds of the cells (e.g. western blot).

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Magnetite

Magnetite is a rock mineral and one of the main iron ores, with the chemical formula Fe3O4.

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Manganese dioxide

Manganese(IV) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula.

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Manganese(III) oxide

Manganese(III) oxide is a chemical compound with the formula Mn2O3.

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Marko Leko

Marko T. Leko (Марко Т. Леко) was a notable Serbian scientist, chemist, professor and president of the Serbian Red Cross.

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Mercury(I) chloride

Mercury(I) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula Hg2Cl2.

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Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic acidosis is a condition that occurs when the body produces excessive quantities of acid or when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body.

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Methylamine

Methylamine is an organic compound with a formula of CH3NH2.

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Mischmetal

Mischmetal (from Mischmetall – "mixed metal") is an alloy of rare-earth elements.

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Mucokinetics

Mucokinetics are a class of drugs which aid in the clearance of mucus from the airways, lungs, bronchi, and trachea.

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Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi

Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariyyā al-Rāzī (Abūbakr Mohammad-e Zakariyyā-ye Rāzī, also known by his Latinized name Rhazes or Rasis) (854–925 CE), was a Persian polymath, physician, alchemist, philosopher, and important figure in the history of medicine.

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Muzzle flash

Muzzle flash is the visible light of a muzzle blast, which expels high-temperature, high-pressure gases from the muzzle of a firearm.

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Neodymium(III) chloride

Neodymium(III) chloride or neodymium trichloride is a chemical compound of neodymium and chlorine with the formula NdCl3.

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Nickel electroplating

Nickel electroplating is a technique of electroplating a thin layer of nickel onto a metal object.

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Nitrate test

A nitrate test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of nitrate ion in solution.

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Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.

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Noflan

Noflan is a flame retardant chemical.

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Norman Lowther Edson

Norman Lowther Edson (1 March 1904 – 12 May 1970), FRSNZ, FNZIC, was the first Professor of Biochemistry (1949–1967) in the University of New Zealand based at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

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Nussdorf, Vienna

Nussdorf (until 1999 spelled Nußdorf) was a separate municipality until 1892 and is today a suburb of Vienna in the 19th district of Döbling.

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Organoyttrium chemistry

Organoyttrium chemistry is the study of compounds containing carbon-yttrium bonds.

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Oseltamivir total synthesis

Oseltamivir total synthesis concerns the total synthesis of the antiinfluenza drug oseltamivir marketed by Hoffmann-La Roche under the trade name Tamiflu.

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Osmium tetroxide

Osmium tetroxide (also osmium(VIII) oxide) is the chemical compound with the formula OsO4.

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Outline of alchemy

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to alchemy: Alchemy – A philosophical tradition recognized as protoscience, that includes the application of Hermetic principles, and practices related to mythology, religion, and spirituality.

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Palladium

Palladium is a chemical element with symbol Pd and atomic number 46.

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Pantteri

Pantteri (Finnish for "panther"), sold in Sweden as Katten (Swedish: "Cat"), is a brand of Finnish salmiakki candy, made by Fazer.

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Payne rearrangement

The Payne rearrangement is the isomerization, under basic conditions, of 2,3-epoxy alcohols to isomeric 2,3-epoxy alcohols with inversion of configuration.

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People sniffer

People sniffer was the field name for a series of U.S. Army personnel detectors used during the Vietnam War.

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Perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride

Perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride (nonafluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride, NfF) is a colorless, volatile liquid that is immiscible with water but soluble in common organic solvents.

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Phencyclidine

Phencyclidine (PCP), also known as angel dust among other names, is a drug used for its mind altering effects.

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Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is an enzyme in the lyase family used in the metabolic pathway of gluconeogenesis.

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Pirate coins

Pirate coins are salty liquorice flavoured candies popular in Europe, especially the Nordic countries.

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Platinum

Platinum is a chemical element with symbol Pt and atomic number 78.

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Polysilazane

Polysilazanes are polymers in which silicon and nitrogen atoms alternate to form the basic backbone.

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Praseodymium(III) chloride

Praseodymium(III) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula PrCl3.

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Propylamine

Propylamine, also known as n-propylamine, is an amine with the chemical formula C2H5CH2NH2 (also written as C3H7NH2 and C3H9N).

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Protonation

In chemistry, protonation is the addition of a proton (H+) to an atom, molecule, or ion, forming the conjugate acid.

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Pyrotechnic composition

A pyrotechnic composition is a substance or mixture of substances designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas/smoke or a combination of these, as a result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions.

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Qualitative inorganic analysis

Classical qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry which seeks to find the elemental composition of inorganic compounds.

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Reduction of nitro compounds

The chemical reactions described as reduction of nitro compounds can be affected by many reagents and reaction conditions.

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Rhenium

Rhenium is a chemical element with symbol Re and atomic number 75.

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Rhodium

Rhodium is a chemical element with symbol Rh and atomic number 45.

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Salammoniac

Sal ammoniac is a rare mineral composed of ammonium chloride, NH4Cl.

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Salmiakki Koskenkorva

Salmiakki Koskenkorva, (also Salmiakkikossu for short or generically as Salmari) is a pre-mixed liqueur popular in Finland.

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Salt (chemistry)

In chemistry, a salt is an ionic compound that can be formed by the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base.

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Salter Science

Salter Science was brand of science kits sold by Thomas Salter Ltd., a Scotland-based company which manufactured toys and science activity kits for children.

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Salty liquorice

Salty liquorice or hard liquorice, is a variety of liquorice flavoured with ammonium chloride, common in the Nordic countries, Benelux, and northern Germany.

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Samarium(III) chloride

Samarium(III) chloride, also known as samarium trichloride, is an inorganic compound of samarium and chloride.

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Scandium oxide

Scandium(III) oxide, Sc2O3, or scandia, is a high melting rare earth oxide.

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Sclera

The sclera, also known as the white of the eye, is the opaque, fibrous, protective, outer layer of the human eye containing mainly collagen and some elastic fiber.

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Shampoo

Shampoo is a hair care product, typically in the form of a viscous liquid, that is used for cleaning hair.

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Shankha

A Shankha is a conch shell of ritual and religious importance in Hinduism and Buddhism.

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Silyl ether

Silyl ethers are a group of chemical compounds which contain a silicon atom covalently bonded to an alkoxy group.

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Sodium bicarbonate

Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogen carbonate), commonly known as baking soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3.

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Sodium carbonate

Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, (also known as washing soda, soda ash and soda crystals, and in the monohydrate form as crystal carbonate) is the water-soluble sodium salt of carbonic acid.

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Sodium perchlorate

Sodium perchlorate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaClO4.

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Solubility chart

A solubility chart is a chart with a list of ions and how, when mixed with other ions, they can become precipitates or remain aqueous.

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Solubility table

The table below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at 1 atmosphere pressure.

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Solvay process

The Solvay process or ammonia-soda process is the major industrial process for the production of sodium carbonate (soda ash, Na2CO3).

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Standard enthalpy of formation

The standard enthalpy of formation or standard heat of formation of a compound is the change of enthalpy during the formation of 1 mole of the substance from its constituent elements, with all substances in their standard states.

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Standard Gibbs free energy of formation

The standard Gibbs free energy of formation of a compound is the change of Gibbs free energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 1 bar of pressure and the specified temperature, usually 298.15 K or 25 °C).

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Stephen aldehyde synthesis

Stephen aldehyde synthesis, a named reaction in chemistry, was invented by Henry Stephen (OBE/MBE).

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Stille reaction

The Stille reaction, or the Migita–Kosugi–Stille coupling, is a chemical reaction widely used in organic synthesis which involves the coupling of an organotin compound (also known as organostannanes) with a variety of organic electrophiles via palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction.

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Storm glass

The storm glass or chemical weather glass was an instrument which was proposed as a method for predicting weather.

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Strecker amino acid synthesis

The Strecker amino acid synthesis, also known simply as the Strecker synthesis, was discovered by German chemist Adolph Strecker, and is a term used for a series of chemical reactions that synthesize an amino acid from an aldehyde or ketone.

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Strontium carbonate

Strontium carbonate (SrCO3) is the carbonate salt of strontium that has the appearance of a white or grey powder.

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Strontium hydroxide

Strontium hydroxide, Sr(OH)2, is a caustic alkali composed of one strontium ion and two hydroxide ions.

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Strontium peroxide

Strontium peroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula SrO2 that exists in both anhydrous and octahydrate form, both of which are white solids.

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Sublimation (phase transition)

Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase, without passing through the intermediate liquid phase.

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Swedish cuisine

Swedish cuisine is the traditional food of the people of Sweden.

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Taftan (volcano)

Taftan (تفتان, Taftân, Persian for "blistering, smoldering, fuming") is an active stratovolcano in south-eastern Iran situated in the Sistan and Baluchestan province.

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TATB

TATB, triaminotrinitrobenzene or 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5- trinitrobenzene is an aromatic explosive, based on the basic six-carbon benzene ring structure with three nitro functional groups (NO2) and three amine (NH2) groups attached, alternating around the ring.

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Terpin

Terpin, used as the hydrate (terpin·H2O), is an expectorant, used to loosen mucus in patients presenting with acute or chronic bronchitis, and related conditions.

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Tetramethylammonium chloride

Tetramethylammonium chloride is one of the simplest quaternary ammonium salts, with four methyl groups tetrahedrally attached to the central N. The chemical formula (CH3)4N+Cl− is often abbreviated further as Me4N+Cl−.

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Teuthowenia megalops

Teuthowenia megalops, sometimes known as the Atlantic cranch squid, is a species of glass squid from the subarctic and temperate waters of the northern Atlantic Ocean.

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Total synthesis

Total synthesis is the complete chemical synthesis of a complex molecule, often a natural product, from simple, commercially available precursors.

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Trimethylamine

Trimethylamine (TMA) is an organic compound with the formula N(CH3)3.

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Triphenylphosphine

Triphenylphosphine (IUPAC name: triphenylphosphane) is a common organophosphorus compound with the formula P(C6H5)3 - often abbreviated to PPh3 or Ph3P.

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Triphosphorus pentanitride

Triphosphorus pentanitride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula P3N5.

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Troll (Discworld)

Trolls in Terry Pratchett's Discworld novels, unlike the monstrous trolls of folklore and J. R. R. Tolkien, have been subverted into a moderately civilised race.

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Tyrkisk peber

Tyrkisk peber (Danish for "Turkish pepper", often referred to as turkinpippuri in Finnish, türkisch Pfeffer in German, tyrkisk pepper in Norwegian and turkisk peppar in Swedish) is a salty liquorice candy flavoured with ammonium chloride, Produced by the Finnish company Fazer and popular in Northern Europe.

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Urea

Urea, also known as carbamide, is an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH2)2.

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Urine

Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many animals.

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Urobilinogen

Urobilinogen is a colorless by-product of bilirubin reduction.

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Vanadinite

Vanadinite is a mineral belonging to the apatite group of phosphates, with the chemical formula Pb5(VO4)3Cl.

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Vitamin B12 total synthesis

The total synthesis of the complex biomolecule vitamin B12 was first accomplished by the collaborating research groups of Robert Burns Woodward at Harvard and Albert Eschenmoser at ETH in 1972.

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Wöhler synthesis

The Wöhler synthesis is the conversion of ammonium cyanate into urea.

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Wender Taxol total synthesis

The Wender Taxol total synthesis in organic chemistry describes a Taxol total synthesis (one of six to date) by the group of Paul Wender at Stanford University published in 1997.

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William Murdoch

William Murdoch (sometimes spelled Murdock) (21 August 1754 – 15 November 1839) was a Scottish engineer and inventor.

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Ytterbium(III) chloride

Ytterbium(III) chloride (YbCl3) is an inorganic chemical compound.

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Yttrium

Yttrium is a chemical element with symbol Y and atomic number 39.

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Yttrium(III) chloride

Yttrium(III) chloride is an inorganic compound of yttrium and chloride.

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Yttrium(III) oxide

Yttrium oxide, also known as yttria, is Y2O3.

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Zinc chloride

Zinc chloride is the name of chemical compounds with the formula ZnCl2 and its hydrates.

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Zinc–carbon battery

A zinc–carbon battery is a dry cell primary battery that delivers about 1.5 volts of direct current from the electrochemical reaction between zinc and manganese dioxide.

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1,3,5-Triazine

1,3,5-triazine, also called s-triazine, is an organic chemical compound with the formula (HCN)3.

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2017 in Afghanistan

Events in the year 2017 in Afghanistan.

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Redirects here:

ATC code B05XA04, ATC code G04BA01, ATCvet code QB05XA04, ATCvet code QG04BA01, Ammonium Chloride, Ammonium muriate, Ammoniumchloride, NH4Cl, Sal armagnac, Salmiac, Salmiak (inorganic compound).

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_chloride

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