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Civil liberties

Index Civil liberties

Civil liberties or personal freedoms are personal guarantees and freedoms that the government cannot abridge, either by law or by judicial interpretation, without due process. [1]

1058 relations: Aadhaar, Abdelilah Benkirane, Abraham Sarmiento Jr., Academic dishonesty, ACLU v. Clapper, Action on Rights for Children, Adam Susan, Administrative License Suspension, Afek Tounes, Aftermath of the September 11 attacks, Age of Enlightenment, Ahmed Bedier, Ahnenerbe, Airline seating sex discrimination controversy, Alabama Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Law Review, Alan Barth, Alekseyev v. Russia, Alex Carlile, Baron Carlile of Berriew, Alexander Goldfarb (biologist), Alexandre Trudeau, AlMaghrib Institute, Alpha Phi Alpha, Alter-globalization, AlterNet, American Alliance for Labor and Democracy, American Artists' Congress, American Atheists, American Civil Liberties Union, American Civil Liberties Union v. Miller, American Freedom Agenda, American Jewish Committee, American Left, American Protective League, American Union Against Militarism, Amitava Roy, Ammar al-Qurabi, Anders Chydenius, André Servier, Andrei Sakharov, Andrew David Irvine, Andrew Phillips, Baron Phillips of Sudbury, Angus MacInnis, Anna Gardner, Anocracy, Anson Chan, Anthony Comstock, Anthony Gueterbock, 18th Baron Berkeley, Anti-authoritarianism, Anti-nuclear movement, AP United States Government and Politics, ..., Arab Winter, Arab world, Ari Cohn, Armed Forces Movement, Armed Forces of National Liberation (Venezuela), Arthur Garfield Hays, Arthur H. Cash, Arthur Oncken Lovejoy, Arthur Roebuck, Article One of the Constitution of Georgia (U.S. State), Arturo Frondizi, Asser Levy Public Baths, Assessment of suicide risk, Asset forfeiture, Association for Civil Rights in Israel, August Claessens, Australia, Australian administrative law, Australian Council for Civil Liberties, Australian Muslim Civil Rights Advocacy Network, Austudy Five, Authoritarianism, Automatic number plate recognition in the United Kingdom, Automatic vehicle tracking, Avedon Carol, Azlan McLennan, B'Tselem, B. R. Ambedkar, B.J. Lawson, Babylon 5, Balkinization (blog), Banned in Boston, Barbra Streisand, Barney Frank, Baron Monson, Barry Goldwater, Barry Jones (Australian politician), Battle of Vranje, Bay of Pigs Invasion, Belgium in the long nineteenth century, Belgrade Cooperative, Ben Linder, Ben Masel, Ben Wizner, Benjamin Chew, Benjamin Constant, Benjamin Franklin True Patriot Act, Bernard Moffatt, Bertrand Russell's philosophical views, Bertrand Russell's political views, Bharatiya Janata Party, Big Brother (Nineteen Eighty-Four), Big Brother Watch, Bill Sanders, Biometric passport, Bizarre (magazine), Black January, Black people and Mormonism, Black suffrage in Pennsylvania, Bob Barr, Bob Marshall (wilderness activist), Bodil Valero, Boy Scouts of America membership controversies, Brandeis Medal, Brian Barder, British Columbia Civil Liberties Association, British Social Attitudes Survey, Brock Meeks, Bruce Fein, Burkhard Hirsch, Burmese general election, 1960, Burt Neuborne, Burton K. Wheeler, Camden County Police Department, Camden, Maine, Canadian Arab Federation, Canadian Civil Liberties Association, Canadian Civil Liberties Education Trust, Carlos Castillo Armas, Carnation Revolution, Caroline Kennedy, Carolyn Simpson, Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic, Cause lawyer, Cecilio Báez, Censorship in Malaysia, Center for Constitutional Rights, Center for Individual Rights, Centre-right politics, Charles Erskine Scott Wood, Charles Farr, Charles James Fox, Charles Merrill Hough, Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden, Charlie Chaplin, Charlie Hebdo shooting, Charter88, Chavismo, Child Exploitation Tracking System, Child Protective Services, Chris Huhne, Chris Tame, Christian Rakovsky, Chuck Baldwin, Chuck Baldwin presidential campaign, 2008, Chuck Brodsky, Cité Libre, Citizens for Constitutional Freedom, City of Limerick Act 1292, City rights in the Low Countries, Civic Party, Civicus, Civil, Civil and political rights, Civil libertarianism, Civil liberties in the United Kingdom, Civil liberties in the United States, Civil society, Clara Fraser, Classical liberalism, Classification of advocacy groups, Clement Vallandigham, Closed-circuit television, Cold War liberal, Colorado Amendment 64, Come See the Paradise, Commonwealth of Nations, Communications Decency Act, Communications Security Establishment, Community Action Party, Competition law, Competition law theory, Complaint, Conference for Progressive Political Action, Connecticut General Assembly Conservative Caucus, Connexions (website), Conservatism in the United States, Conspiracy theory, Constitution of Austria, Constitution of Brazil, Constitution of Nicaragua, Constitution of Qatar, Constitution of South Africa, Constitution Project, Constitutional Democratic Party, Constitutional economics, Constitutional law, Constitutionalism, ContactPoint, Convergence indexing, Corazon Aquino, Corliss Lamont, Corruption in Equatorial Guinea, Corruption in Eritrea, Counter-terrorism, Counterculture, Country Party (Rhode Island), Covington & Burling, Creation Seventh Day Adventist Church, Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885, Criticism of the Iraq War, Criticism of the War on Terror, Custody and repatriation, Cutting the Mustard, Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act, Cyber security standards, Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act, Czech Pirate Party, Daisy Khan, Darcus Howe, Dave Winer, David Blunkett, David Davis (British politician), David Fellman, David I. Shapiro, David Koch, David Matas, Death of a President (2006 film), Deaths in January 2006, Debates within libertarianism, Defense Distributed, Definitions of Japanese war crimes, Demand Progress, Democracy, Democracy Index, Democracy Ranking, Democratic Labor Party (South Korea), Democratic Party (Luxembourg), Democratic socialism, Demonstration (protest), Denis Lerrer Rosenfield, Dennis McDermott, Detention (imprisonment), Deterrence theory, Dick Cheney, Dictablanda, Dictator, Digital Angel, Digital Fortress, Digital Liberty Coalition, Dimitrije Tucović, Dina Temple-Raston, Dionne Bunsha, DNA database, DNA profiling, Donald L. Drakeman, Dorothy Kenyon, Doughty Street Chambers, Drug Enforcement Administration, Duma, Duncan Campbell (journalist), E-ZPass, Early revolutionary activity of Mao Zedong, Economic freedom, Economic history of Portugal, Economy of New York City, Edmund Wilson, Education and Democracy: The Meaning of Alexander Meiklejohn, Edward Leigh, Edwin Kagin, Egypt, Egyptian presidential election, 2012, Elections in Germany, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Electronic Frontiers Australia, Elena Kagan, Elisabeth Gilman, Eliza Manningham-Buller, Emmett Matthew Hall, Entick v Carrington, Ephraim London, Equal Justice Works, Eric Cartman, Erich Everth, Estado Novo (Portugal), Ethics of technology, Eugene McCarthy, European Convention on Human Rights, European Parliament Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs, European Republicans Movement, European Values Think-Tank, Exile, Factions in the Democratic Party (United States), Fall of Suharto, Family register, Fawaz bin Mohammed Al Khalifa, Faxlore, FDP.The Liberals, February 1941, Federal government of the United States, Fellow traveller, Fellowship of Reconciliation (United States), Feminists Fighting Pornography, Fences and Windows, Ferdinand Marcos, Filter bubble, First Amendment to the United States Constitution, Flashpoint Human Rights Film Festival, Florida Democratic League, Florida Legislative Investigation Committee, Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India, Forward intelligence team, Foster care in the United States, Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, Four Freedoms (Norman Rockwell), Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, François Bayrou, Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Frank Donner, Frank Murphy, Frank Serpico, Frank Wilkinson, Fred Foldvary, Fred Korematsu Day, Frederic Ewen Academic Freedom Center, Frederick Cass, FREE Australia Party, Free Democratic Party (Germany), Free Expression Policy Project, Free speech zone, Free-market anarchism, Freedom, Freedom (disambiguation), Freedom House, Freedom in the World, Freedom isn't free, Freedom of assembly, Freedom of association, Freedom of speech by country, Freedom Socialist Party, Fundamental rights in India, Gabriel Over the White House, Gang injunction, Gary Johnson presidential campaign, 2012, Gautam Navlakha, Gene Methvin, Genealogical Claims of Jaffna, George Carlin, George F. Cotterill, George Georges, Gerald Burton Winrod, German presidential election, 1932, Ghazala K. Salam, Giuliani Partners, Glossary of philosophy, Goa liberation movement, Goa Special Status, Goodbye (2011 film), Google Desktop, Gordon Vuong, Government, Granville Sharp, Greater Germanic Reich, Greece, Greek military junta of 1967–1974, Green libertarianism, Green Party (Brazil), Green Party (Sweden), Green Party of England and Wales, Green politics, Group for Social Dialogue, Growth of Pedro II of Brazil, Guidance Patrol, Gyanodaya Bal Batika School, H. B. Higgins, Hallucinogen, Haltemprice and Howden (UK Parliament constituency), Haltemprice and Howden by-election, 2008, Hamlet 2, Handley Page Hampden, Harare Declaration, Harold Hanson, Harold L. Ickes, Harold Williams (linguist), Harry P. Cain, Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review, Harvey Silverglate, Health insurance mandate, Heidi Boghosian, Helen Lehman Buttenwieser, Henri Capitant, Henry Jackson Society, Henry W. Sawyer, Henry Watkins Allen, Hijab by country, Hilbert Philip Zarky, Hillary Clinton, Hindu revolution, Historian, Historiography, Historiography of the United Kingdom, History Commons, History of Banbury, History of birth control, History of Chile, History of Egypt, History of Jordan, History of Malaysia, History of Niger, History of Omaha, Nebraska, History of Paraguay, History of Slovakia, History of the Netherlands, History of the Ottoman Empire, History of the Patriot Act, History of the Republic of India, History of the United States (1789–1849), History of the United States Democratic Party, Hodge Jones & Allen, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day, Honolulu, Howard Zinn, Hugh Segal, Hugo Gutierrez Jr., Human Rights Act 1998, Human rights in Algeria, Human rights in Benin, Human rights in Botswana, Human rights in Burkina Faso, Human rights in Burundi, Human rights in Cameroon, Human rights in Cape Verde, Human rights in Chad, Human rights in Cuba, Human rights in Djibouti, Human rights in Egypt, Human rights in Equatorial Guinea, Human rights in Eritrea, Human rights in Estonia, Human rights in Ethiopia, Human rights in Germany, Human rights in Ghana, Human rights in Guinea, Human rights in Hong Kong, Human rights in Israel, Human rights in Kenya, Human rights in Latvia, Human rights in Lesotho, Human rights in Liberia, Human rights in Libya, Human rights in Madagascar, Human rights in Papua New Guinea, Human rights in Russia, Human rights in Switzerland, Human rights in the Central African Republic, Human rights in the Comoros, Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Human rights in the Maldives, Human rights in the Netherlands, Human rights in the Republic of the Congo, Human rights in the Soviet Union, Human rights in the United Kingdom, Human rights in the United States, Human rights in Transnistria, Human trafficking in the Dominican Republic, I. F. Stone, Ian Barker (barrister), Identity document, Illiberal democracy, Imminent Threat, Imperium Europa, In Defense of Internment, In loco parentis, In re Guardianship of Kowalski, Index of Freedom in the World, Index of law articles, Index of philosophy articles (A–C), Index of politics articles, Index of social and political philosophy articles, Indian independence movement, Individualism, Inquiry (magazine), Institutional racism, Intellectual freedom, Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act, Intercollegiate League for Industrial Democracy, Intercollegiate Studies Institute, Internal passport, International Committee for Prostitutes' Rights, International Foundation for Civil Liberties, International Network of Civil Liberties Organizations, International rankings of Bahrain, International rankings of New Zealand, Internet censorship and surveillance by country, Internet censorship in the United Kingdom, Internet pornography, Internet privacy, Ira Gollobin, Irish Council for Civil Liberties, Iron cage, Irreligion in Mexico, Irving Adler, Irving Louis Horowitz, Islam and clothing, Islamic democracy, Islamic dress in Europe, Islamophobia in the United States, Istanbul Pride, Ivan Eland, J. Mahlon Barnes, Jacob A. Marinsky, Jacobson v. United States, JAM Yojana, Jameel Jaffer, James A. Dombrowski, James Atkin, Baron Atkin, James Blair (MP), James Clark McReynolds, James Harden Daugherty, Jamestown Foundation, Jan Myrdal, Jayhawker, Jefferson School of Social Science, Jeffersonian democracy, Jerry Was a Man, Jesús Gil, Jim Crow laws, Jim Steyer, Jo Freeman, Joel Parker, Joel Sheltrown, Joh Bjelke-Petersen, John Chafee, John de León, John Diefenbaker, John H. Pickering, John Lindsay, John Monson, 11th Baron Monson, John Stossel, John Tye (whistleblower), Jonathan Mann (WHO official), Jordan Page, Joseph L. Rauh Jr., Joseph Muscat, Judi Chamberlin, Judith Kaye, Jury trial, K. G. Kannabiran, Katie Sierra suspension controversy, Kārlis Ulmanis, Kevin Gosztola, Khawar Rizvi, King David Hotel bombing, Kościuszko Uprising, Kortney Ryan Ziegler, Kuwait, Kyle Broflovski, Lahore Marathon, Later life of Winston Churchill, Laura DeNardis, Law, Law enforcement in the United States, Law of Iraq, Law of the Soviet Union, Lawrence Wright, Lazarus Long, League for Independent Political Action, Learned Hand, Left-libertarianism, Left-wing market anarchism, Legal disputes over the Harry Potter series, Legal Marijuana Now Party, Leonard Bernstein, Leonard Boudin, Lesotho, Levi Olan, LGBT rights in France, Liberal Alternative, Liberal conservatism, Liberal democracy, Liberal Democrats (UK), Liberal Libertarian Party, Liberal paradox, Liberal Party (Iceland), Liberal Party (Norway), Liberales, Liberalism, Liberalism in Austria, Liberalism in Canada, Liberalism in Hong Kong, Liberalism in Poland, Liberalism in the United States, Liberalism in Tunisia, Liberian Constitution of 1847, Libertarian conservatism, Libertarian Party (United States), Libertarian Party of Illinois, Libertarian Party of Mississippi, Libertarian socialism, Libertarianism in the United States, Libertas Institute (Utah), Liberty, Liberty (advocacy group), Liberty Caucus, Lincoln Chafee, Lionel Murphy, Lisa Simeone, List of atheist activists and educators, List of Caprica characters, List of civil rights leaders, List of Columbia Law School alumni, List of Columbia University alumni and attendees, List of Columbia University people in politics, military and law, List of dystopian music, TV programs, and games, List of films set in Berlin, List of forms of government, List of freedom indices, List of Harvard Law School alumni, List of Harvard University people, List of Ipswich Grammar School Old Boys, List of liberal theorists, List of libertarian political parties, List of people who have walked across the United States, List of Prime Ministers of Portugal, List of scientific bodies explicitly rejecting intelligent design, List of Upper Canada College alumni, List of war crimes, List of Yale University people, Lists of landmark court decisions, Litmus (Battlestar Galactica), Liversidge v Anderson, Living Constitution, LIVRE, Lochner era, Log Cabin Republicans, London Letters, Louis B. Boudin, Lousewies van der Laan, Loz Kaye, Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu, Maajid Nawaz, Maggie Kuhn, Mahathir Mohamad, Make Everything Great Again, Malcolm Lafargue, Malolos Constitution, Malta Today, Manhattan Declaration: A Call of Christian Conscience, Mao Zedong, Mar Roxas, Marc Kasky, Marcus Einfeld, Marcus v. Search Warrant, Margaretta D'Arcy, Margia Kramer, Marijke Vos, Martial law in Poland, Martin Chautari, Marty Lederman, Mary Marcy, Matthew Barnett Robinson, Mau Mau Uprising, Mayoralty of Rudy Giuliani, McInnes Cooper, Meir Vilner, Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, Meyer v. Nebraska, Michael Kelly (editor), Michael Les Benedict, Michael Ratner, Michael Ruppert, Mihail Kogălniceanu, Mike Diana, Mike Hudema, Militant faction, Militant Liberty: A Program of Evaluation and Assessment of Freedom, Militarization of police, Mirror's Edge, Moderate Party, Modern liberalism in the United States, Montana, Montana Supreme Court, Morton Birnbaum, Morton Halperin, Moses, Muammar Gaddafi, Muslim Public Affairs Committee UK, Nadine Strossen, Nambassa, Nat Hentoff, National Coalition Party, National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners, National Day Laborer Organizing Network, National Educational Debate Association, National human rights institution, National security, Native American identity in the United States, Nazi Party, Nedim Jahić, Negroponte switch, Neo-libertarianism, NeverSeconds, New Deal, New Freedom Commission on Mental Health, New Netherland, New Power Party, New South Wales state election, 2015, Nicholas II of Russia, Nightwatch (Babylon 5), Niskanen Center, NIST Cybersecurity Framework, No Fly List, NO2ID, Nolan Chart, Norma McCorvey, North Korea Freedom Coalition, Not in Front of the Children, Notes on the State of Virginia, Nuclear ethics, Occupy Sydney, October Crisis, October Manifesto, Odd Fellows, Oliver Colvile, Olli Rehn, Omar Ahmad, OneDOJ, Open Rights Group, OpenMedia.ca, Operation TIPS, Optimum population, Outline of green politics, Outline of libertarianism, Palantir Technologies, Palladium (protective image), Parenting coordinator, Parliament Square, Patrick Harvie, Patrick Stewart, Patriot Act, Title X, Paul Finkelman, Paul Hackett (politician), Paul I, Prince Esterházy, Paul J. Liacos, Paul Newman (linguist), Paul von Hindenburg, Pearl London, Pedro II of Brazil, People Power Revolution, People's Freedom Union, Pete Sorenson, Peter Dupas, Philosophy of human rights, Pim Fortuyn, Pirate Party (Ireland), Pirate Party of Canada, Police brutality, Policy appliances, Policy laundering, Political compass, Political freedom, Political ideologies in the United States, Political movement, Political parties in the United States, Political philosophy of Immanuel Kant, Political positions of Mar Roxas, Political positions of Noam Chomsky, Political positions of Norm Coleman, Political positions of Ron Paul, Political Repression in Modern America, Political spectrum, Politics, Politics of Germany, Politics of Greece, Politics of Hong Kong, Politics of Kuwait, Politics of Romania, Politics of Singapore, Politics of Ukraine, Portland, Oregon, Portuguese Angola, Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter, Post–September 11 anti-war movement, Pratt Street, Predicted effects of the FairTax, President of Liberia, Pretty Good Privacy, Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005, Prisoner, Privacy, Privacy Act of 1974, Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board, Pro se legal representation in the United States, Proactive policing, Proclamation of Połaniec, Progress Party (Norway), Proposed National Unification Promotion Law, Prostitution in China, Protests of 1968, Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting, Punk subculture, Queensland Council for Civil Liberties, Queensland state election, 1977, Quintessenz, R v Thomas, R. B. Bennett, R. Lee Wrights, R. M. Kantawala, Racism, Radical Democracy Party (United States), Radio Free Albemuth, Radley Balko, Raised fist, Ramallah Center for Human Rights Studies, Ramón Barquín, Ramsey Clark, Rationalist International, Reception statute, Rechtsstaat, Red Terror (Spain), Reds (film), Referendums in France, Reform movement, Refuse & Resist!, Registered Cossacks, Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000, Reichstag Fire Decree, Republican Party presidential debates and forums, 2008, Respect for America's Fallen Heroes Act, Revolutions of 1989, Rigas Feraios, Right to die, Right to keep and bear arms, Right to petition in the United States, Right to privacy, Right-libertarianism, Rob Kampia, Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham, Robert F. Kennedy, Robert Lemieux, Robert P. George, Robin Corbett, Baron Corbett of Castle Vale, Robina Qureshi, Robyn Blumner, Rocco Buttiglione, Roger MacBride presidential campaign, 1976, Ros Myers, Rowland Hill, Roy Speckhardt, Rudolf Rocker, Russ Feingold, Ruth Kelly, Ruth Mary Reynolds, Rutherford Institute, Ruy Barbosa, Sacco and Vanzetti, Sajjad Karim, Salami tactics, Sam Ervin, Samuel Alito, Samuel Kinsey, Sanford Levinson, Saqib Ali, Satire, Satvinder S. Juss, Schmerber v. California, Seal of Vermont, Sean Penn, Seat belt legislation, Second Spanish Republic, Secure Flight, Security certificate, Security theater, Self-ownership, Separate but equal, Separation of powers in Singapore, Seretse Khama, Sermon on the Mound, Settling Accounts: In at the Death, Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution, Sex Is Not the Enemy, Sex, Sin, and Blasphemy, Seymour Stedman, She-Hulk, Shereef Akeel, Shibby de Guzman, Silver Meikar, Singapore Declaration, Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet, Social anarchism, Social Institutions and Gender Index, Social liberalism, Social welfare model, Socialist Alliance (Australia), Socialist Party of Romania, Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência, Societal impact of nanotechnology, Socio-scientific issues, Solidarity Prize, Spying on Democracy, Stan Marsh, Stanford R. Ovshinsky, State Duma (Russian Empire), Statewatch, Statue of Liberty in popular culture, Stephen Fox (author/educator), Stephen Kenny (Australian lawyer), Steve J. Rosen, Steve Kubby, Stewart R. Mott Foundation, Stop the War Coalition (Australia), Strip Search (film), Stuha, Sture Eskilsson, Sun Zhigang incident, Sunflower Student Movement, Supreme Court of the United States, Surveillance, Susan Block, Suzanna Hupp, Sydney Harris (judge), TALON (database), Tara Lemmey, Taser, Tassaduq Hussain Jillani, Technoliberalism, Technolibertarianism, Telecommunications in Western Sahara, Temporary Provisions against the Communist Rebellion, Terrorism, Terrorism: Opposing Viewpoints (2004), Texas Freedom Network, The American Democrat, The Assassins' Gate: America in Iraq, The Berlin Batman, The Century Foundation, The Commanding Heights, The Convention on Modern Liberty, The Emergency (India), The Greening of America, The Hall of Presidents, The Idaho Observer, The Illuminatus! Trilogy, The Multiracial Activist, The Pirate Bay, The Plot to Hack America, The Remnant Trust, The Roosevelts (film), The Spokesman, The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century, The Tyranny of Guilt, Theaters Against War, Third Amendment to the United States Constitution, Third party (United States), Thomas F. Monteleone, Thomas Sankara, Thomas Szasz, Tillinghast Licht, Tim Buck, Tim Farron, Timeline for September following the September 11 attacks, Timeline of disability rights in the United States, Timeline of events related to the South Thailand insurgency, Tom Davis (Virginia politician), Tom DeLay, Tom Frieden, Toronto Star, Transgressive fiction, Transhumanism, Transhumanist politics, Transition to war, Traveling Hopefully, Trump: The Kremlin Candidate?, Trusted system, TSOG: The Thing That Ate the Constitution, Tuckers Solicitors, Twelve Articles, UK Parliamentary by-elections, Umberto I of Italy, Uncommon Law, Union, Progress and Democracy, United Arab Emirates, United for Peace and Justice, United Kingdom competition law, United Nations Security Council Resolution 1959, United Nations Security Council Resolution 940, United States assistance to Vietnam, United States Constitution, United States Constitution and worldwide influence, United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland, 2008, United States obscenity law, United States Pirate Party, United States presidential election in Oregon, 2008, United States presidential election, 1948, United States presidential election, 1968, United States Senate election in California, 1950, University of Michigan Library, Unstoppable: The Emerging Left–Right Alliance to Dismantle the Corporate State, Upper house, USA Freedom Act, Usenet personality, Uzbekistan, Vaccine controversies, Veja (magazine), Venona project, Victor Rabinowitz, Vidsich, Virgil Madgearu, Vladimir Jovanović, Vyborg Manifesto, Waco siege, Walter Karp, Walter Pollak, Walter Wolfgang, War crimes in Manchukuo, War Measures Act, War on Terror, Warren Court, Wayne Goss, Web blocking in the United Kingdom, What Next for Labour?, Whig history, Whitney North Seymour, Wilbur Hugh Ferry, Will Potter, William Adama, William O. Douglas, Wilma Dykeman, Women Against Pornography, Women in Madagascar, Women's March on Portland, Women's National Council, World Intermediary Liability Map, Xenon (program), Yabloko, Year Zero (album), Yoshiko Uchida, Young Democrats (Netherlands), Young Liberals (Germany), Young Radicals of the Left, Young Socialist Movement, Yucca Corridor, Los Angeles, Zechariah Chafee, Zehava Gal-On, Zeitgeist (film series), Zircon affair, 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician), 15 February 2003 anti-war protests, 1765 in Great Britain, 1830s, 1832, 1920s Berlin, 1966 Syrian coup d'état, 1990 (TV series), 2009 Peruvian political crisis, 21st century, 32 Demands, 9/11 Truth movement. Expand index (1008 more) »

Aadhaar

Aadhaar (English: Foundation) is a 12-digit unique identity number that can be obtained by residents of India, based on their biometric and demographic data.

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Abdelilah Benkirane

Abdelilah Benkirane (Arabic: عبد الإله بنكيران, born 2 April 1954) is a Moroccan politician who was Prime Minister of Morocco from November 2011 to March 2017.

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Abraham Sarmiento Jr.

Abraham P. Sarmiento Jr., also known as Ditto Sarmiento (June 5, 1950 – November 11, 1977) was a Filipino student journalist who gained prominence as an early and visible critic of the martial law government of President Ferdinand Marcos.

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Academic dishonesty

Academic dishonesty, academic misconduct or academic fraud is any type of cheating that occurs in relation to a formal academic exercise.

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ACLU v. Clapper

American Civil Liberties Union v. James Clapper, No.

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Action on Rights for Children

Action on Rights for Children (ARCH) was an Internet-based not-for-profit children’s rights organisation in the United Kingdom established in 2001 with a particular focus on civil rights and liberties.

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Adam Susan

Adam James Susan is a fictional character and the main antagonist of the comic book series (later graphic novel) V for Vendetta, created by writer Alan Moore and illustrator David Lloyd.

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Administrative License Suspension

License suspension or revocation traditionally follows conviction for alcohol-impaired or drunk driving.

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Afek Tounes

Afek Tounes (آفاق تونس, "Tunisian Aspiration(s)" or "Horizons of Tunisia") is a centre-right political party in Tunisia.

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Aftermath of the September 11 attacks

The September 11 attacks transformed the first term of President George W. Bush and led to what he has called the Global War on Terrorism.

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Age of Enlightenment

The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in lit in Aufklärung, "Enlightenment", in L’Illuminismo, “Enlightenment” and in Spanish: La Ilustración, "Enlightenment") was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, "The Century of Philosophy".

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Ahmed Bedier

Ahmed Bedier is a Florida-based community organizer, speaker and media commentator, who is widely recognized as an expert on Islamic issues.

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Ahnenerbe

The Ahnenerbe (ancestral heritage) was a think tank that operated in Nazi Germany between 1935 and 1945.

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Airline seating sex discrimination controversy

Four airlines, British Airways, Qantas, Air New Zealand and Virgin Australia, have attracted criticism for controversial seating policies which discriminate against adult male passengers on the basis of their sex.

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Alabama Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Law Review

The Alabama Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Law Review is a student-run law review published by the University of Alabama School of Law.

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Alan Barth

Alan Barth (1906–1979) was a 20th-century American journalist and author, specializing in civil liberties, best known for his 30-year stint as an editorial writer at The Washington Post as well as his books, particularly The Loyalty of Free Men (1951).

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Alekseyev v. Russia

Alekseyev v. Russia is a case before the European Court of Human Rights concerning the prohibition of the 2006, 2007 and 2008 Moscow Pride gay rights marches in Russia's capital.

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Alex Carlile, Baron Carlile of Berriew

Alexander Charles Carlile, Baron Carlile of Berriew, (born 12 February 1948) is a Crossbench member of the House of Lords.

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Alexander Goldfarb (biologist)

Alexander Davidovich Goldfarb (a.k.a. Alex Goldfarb, Александр Давидович Гольдфарб) (born 1947 in Moscow) is a Russian-American microbiologist, activist, and author.

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Alexandre Trudeau

Alexandre Emmanuel "Sacha" Trudeau (born December 25, 1973) is a Canadian filmmaker, journalist and author of Barbarian Lost.

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AlMaghrib Institute

AlMaghrib Institute is an Islamic studies institute founded in Houston, Texas, by Muhammad AlShareef in 2002.

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Alpha Phi Alpha

Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. (ΑΦΑ) is the first African-American, intercollegiate Greek-lettered fraternity.

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Alter-globalization

Alter-globalization (also known as alternative globalization or alter-mundialization—from the French alter-mondialisation—and overlapping with the global justice movement) is the name of a social movement whose proponents support global cooperation and interaction, but oppose what they describe as the negative effects of economic globalization, considering that it often works to the detriment of, or does not adequately promote, human values such as environmental and climate protection, economic justice, labor protection, protection of indigenous cultures, peace and civil liberties.

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AlterNet

AlterNet is a progressive news magazine owned by AlterNet Media, Inc.

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American Alliance for Labor and Democracy

The American Alliance for Labor and Democracy was an American political organization established in September 1917 through the initiative of the American Federation of Labor and making use of the resources of the United States government's Committee on Public Information.

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American Artists' Congress

The American Artists' Congress (AAC) was an organization founded in February 1936 as part of the popular front of the Communist Party USA as a vehicle for uniting graphic artists in projects helping to combat the spread of fascism.

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American Atheists

American Atheists is a non-profit activist organization in the United States dedicated to defending the civil liberties of atheists and advocating complete separation of church and state.

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American Civil Liberties Union

The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a nonprofit organization whose stated mission is "to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States." Officially nonpartisan, the organization has been supported and criticized by liberal and conservative organizations alike.

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American Civil Liberties Union v. Miller

ACLU v. Zell Miller was a court case in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia in 1997 between the ACLU, along with other parties, and then Georgia governor, Zell Miller.

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American Freedom Agenda

The American Freedom Agenda (AFA) is a United States organization established in March 2007 by disaffected libertarian-oriented conservatives demanding that the Republican Party return to its traditional mistrust of concentrated government power.

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American Jewish Committee

American Jewish Committee (AJC) is a Jewish advocacy group established on November 11, 1906.

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American Left

The American Left has consisted of a broad range of individuals and groups that have sought fundamental egalitarian changes in the economic, political, and cultural institutions of the United States.

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American Protective League

The American Protective League (1917-1919) was an organization of private citizens that worked with Federal law enforcement agencies during the World War I era to identify suspected German sympathizers and to counteract the activities of radicals, anarchists, anti-war activists, and left-wing labor and political organizations.

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American Union Against Militarism

The American Union Against Militarism (AUAM) was an American pacifist organization established in response to World War I. The organization attempted to keep the United States out of the European conflict through mass demonstrations, public lectures, and the printed word.

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Amitava Roy

Amitava Roy (born 1 March 1953) is the retired judge of the Supreme Court of India and former Chief Justice of the Odisha High Court and Rajasthan High Court.

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Ammar al-Qurabi

Dr Ammar Al-Qurabi (عمار القربي, born 21 August 1970) is a Syrian human rights activist and executive director of the National Organization for Human Rights in Syria since April 2006.

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Anders Chydenius

Anders Chydenius (26 February 1729 – 1 February 1803) was a Finnish priest and a member of the Swedish Riksdag, and is known as the leading classical liberal of Nordic history.

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André Servier

André Servier was an historian who lived in French Algeria at the beginning of the 20th century.

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Andrei Sakharov

Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (p; 21 May 192114 December 1989) was a Russian nuclear physicist, dissident, and activist for disarmament, peace and human rights.

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Andrew David Irvine

Andrew David Irvine (born July 14, 1958) is a Canadian academic who teaches at the University of British Columbia.

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Andrew Phillips, Baron Phillips of Sudbury

Andrew Wyndham Phillips, Baron Phillips of Sudbury, OBE (born 15 March 1939) is a solicitor and Liberal Democrat politician.

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Angus MacInnis

Angus MacInnis (September 2, 1884 – March 3, 1964) was a Canadian socialist politician and parliamentarian.

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Anna Gardner

Anna Gardner (January 25, 1816 – February 18, 1901) was an American abolitionist and teacher, as well as an ardent reformer, a staunch supporter of women's rights, and the author of several volumes in prose and verse.

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Anocracy

Despite its popular usage, anocracy lacks a precise definition.

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Anson Chan

Anson Maria Elizabeth Chan Fang On-sang, GBM, GCMG, CBE, JP (born 17 January 1940) is a Hong Kong politician and civil servant who served as Chief Secretary in both the British colonial government of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government under the Chinese sovereignty.

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Anthony Comstock

Anthony Comstock (March 7, 1844 – September 21, 1915) was a United States Postal Inspector and politician dedicated to ideas of Victorian morality.

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Anthony Gueterbock, 18th Baron Berkeley

Anthony Fitzhardinge Gueterbock, 18th Baron Berkeley, (born 20 September 1939), otherwise known as Tony Berkeley, is a British aristocrat and Labour parliamentarian.

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Anti-authoritarianism

Anti-authoritarianism is opposition to authoritarianism, which is defined as "a form of social organisation characterised by submission to authority", "favoring complete obedience or subjection to authority as opposed to individual freedom" and to authoritarian government.

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Anti-nuclear movement

The anti-nuclear movement is a social movement that opposes various nuclear technologies.

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AP United States Government and Politics

Advanced Placement United States Government and Politics, also known as AP US Gov & Pol, AP USGP, AP US Gov, AP NSL, AP GOPO or AP Gov, is a college-level course and examination offered to high school students through the College Board's Advanced Placement Program.

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Arab Winter

The Arab Winter is a term for the resurgence of authoritarianism and Islamic extremism evolving in the aftermath of the Arab Spring protests in Arab countries.

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Arab world

The Arab world (العالم العربي; formally: Arab homeland, الوطن العربي), also known as the Arab nation (الأمة العربية) or the Arab states, currently consists of the 22 Arab countries of the Arab League.

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Ari Cohn

Ari Cohn is a civil liberties attorney and director of Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) in the U.S. He has spoken out against limited area for free speech on college campuses, for the rights of students to protest even if their views are offensive, and has been involved in various controversial issues on college campuses.

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Armed Forces Movement

A mural dedicated to the MFA, it reads: ''Towards freedom. Long live the 25th of April!'' The Armed Forces Movement (Movimento das Forças Armadas; MFA) was an organisation of lower-ranked left-leaning officers in the Portuguese Armed Forces.

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Armed Forces of National Liberation (Venezuela)

The Armed Forces of National Liberation (in Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional, FALN) was a Venezuelan guerrilla group of National Liberation Front formed by Communist Party of Venezuela to foment revolution against the democratically elected governments of Rómulo Betancourt and Raul Leoni.

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Arthur Garfield Hays

Arthur Garfield Hays (December 12, 1881 – December 14, 1954) was an American lawyer and champion of civil liberties issues, best known as a co-founder and general counsel of the American Civil Liberties Union and for participating in notable cases including the Sacco and Vanzetti trial.

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Arthur H. Cash

Arthur Hill Cash (February 4, 1922December 29, 2016) was an American scholar of 18th-century English literature.

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Arthur Oncken Lovejoy

Arthur Oncken Lovejoy (October 10, 1873 – December 30, 1962) was an American philosopher and intellectual historian, who founded the discipline known as the history of ideas with his book The Great Chain of Being (1936), on the topic of that name, which is regarded as 'probably the single most influential work in the history of ideas in the United States during the last half century'.

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Arthur Roebuck

Arthur Wentworth Roebuck,, (February 28, 1878 — November 17, 1971) was a Canadian politician and labour lawyer.

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Article One of the Constitution of Georgia (U.S. State)

Article One of the Georgia State Constitution describes the Georgia Bill of Rights, a set of forty paragraphs which enumerate the Rights of Persons, the Origin and Structure of Government and other General Provisions.

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Arturo Frondizi

Arturo Frondizi Ercoli, GCMG (October 28, 1908 – April 18, 1995) was an Argentine politician and lawyer who acted as the President of Argentina between May 1, 1958, and March 29, 1962, for the Intransigent Radical Civic Union, which he led until 1986.

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Asser Levy Public Baths

The Asser Levy Public Baths, now part of the Asser Levy Recreation Center, is a historic building located at the corner of Asser Levy Place and East 23rd Street in Kips Bay, Manhattan, New York City.

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Assessment of suicide risk

Suicide risk assessment is a process of estimating probability for a person to commit suicide.

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Asset forfeiture

Asset forfeiture or asset seizure is a form of confiscation of assets by the state.

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Association for Civil Rights in Israel

The Association for Civil Rights in Israel (ACRI) (Hebrew: האגודה לזכויות האזרח בישראל; Arabic: جمعية حقوق المواطن في اسرائيل) was created in 1972 as an independent, non-partisan not-for-profit organization with the mission of protecting human rights and civil rights in Israel and the territories under its control.

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August Claessens

August "Gus" Claessens (June 17, 1885 – December 9, 1954) was an American socialist politician, best known as one of the five New York Assemblymen expelled from that body during the First Red Scare for their membership in the Socialist Party of America.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Australian administrative law

Australian administrative law defines the extent of the powers and responsibilities held by administrative agencies of Australian governments.

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Australian Council for Civil Liberties

The Australian Council for Civil Liberties is a civil liberties group based in Australia.

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Australian Muslim Civil Rights Advocacy Network

The Australian Muslim Civil Rights Advocacy Network (AMCRAN) was established in April 2004 after the arrest and detention of medical student Izhar ul-Haque in Sydney on terrorism related charges of attending a training camp in Pakistan.

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Austudy Five

The Austudy Five was the epithet given to a group of five activists arrested in 1992 at a National Union of Students (NUS) national demonstration in Melbourne, Australia.

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Authoritarianism

Authoritarianism is a form of government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms.

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Automatic number plate recognition in the United Kingdom

Automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) is a technology for automatically reading vehicle number plates.

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Automatic vehicle tracking

The term automatic vehicle tracking refers to schemes, such as that proposed by the UK's Transport Secretary Alistair Darling, in which vehicle movements are subject to involuntary mass surveillance enabled by technology rather than through use of, for example, police officers to observe vehicle movements.

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Avedon Carol

Avedon Carol is an American-born feminist, anti-censorship, and civil liberties campaigner and a researcher in the field of sex crime, residing in England.

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Azlan McLennan

Azlan McLennan (born 1975 in the United States) The Australian, 18 March 2006.

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B'Tselem

B'Tselem (בצלם,, "in the image of ") is a Jerusalem-based non-profit organization whose stated goals are to document human rights violations in the Israeli-occupied territories, combat denial of the existence of such violations, and help to create a human rights culture in Israel.

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B. R. Ambedkar

Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly known as Babasaheb, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement and campaigned against social discrimination towards Untouchables (Dalits), while also supporting the rights of women and labour.

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B.J. Lawson

William "B.J." Lawson (born March 30, 1974) is a Republican Party politician who ran for the United States House of Representatives in North Carolina's 4th congressional district (seat currently held by David Price) in both the 2008 and 2010 elections.

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Babylon 5

Babylon 5 is an American science fiction television series created by writer and producer J. Michael Straczynski, under the Babylonian Productions label, in association with Straczynski's Synthetic Worlds Ltd.

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Balkinization (blog)

Balkinization is a law blog focused on constitutional, First Amendment, and other civil liberties issues.

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Banned in Boston

"Banned in Boston" was a phrase employed from the late 19th century through the mid-20th century, to describe a literary work, song, motion picture, or play which had been prohibited from distribution or exhibition in Boston, Massachusetts.

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Barbra Streisand

Barbara Joan "Barbra" Streisand (born April 24, 1942) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and filmmaker.

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Barney Frank

Barnett "Barney" Frank (born March 31, 1940) is a former American politician and board member of the New York-based Signature Bank.

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Baron Monson

Baron Monson, of Burton in the County of Lincoln, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain.

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Barry Goldwater

Barry Morris Goldwater (January 2, 1909 – May 29, 1998) was an American politician, businessman, and author who was a five-term United States Senator from Arizona (1953–65, 1969–87) and the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in 1964.

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Barry Jones (Australian politician)

Barry Owen Jones, (born 11 October 1932), is an Australian polymath, writer, lawyer, social activist, quiz champion and former politician.

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Battle of Vranje

The Battle of Vranje, or the Liberation of Vranje (Ослобођење Врања), represented one of the final stages of the second phase of the Serbian–Ottoman War (1876–78).

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Bay of Pigs Invasion

The Bay of Pigs Invasion (Spanish: Invasión de Playa Girón or Invasión de Bahía de Cochinos or Batalla de Girón) was a failed military invasion of Cuba undertaken by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)-sponsored paramilitary group Brigade 2506 on 17 April 1961.

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Belgium in the long nineteenth century

The history of Belgium from 1789 to 1914, the period dubbed the "Long Nineteenth Century" by the historian Eric Hobsbawm, includes the end of Austrian rule and periods of French and Dutch occupation of the region, leading to the creation of the first independent Belgian state in 1830.

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Belgrade Cooperative

Belgrade Cooperative (Београдска задруга) was a cooperative bank founded in 1882 to promote savings and support small enterprises, craftspeople and the poor of Belgrade.

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Ben Linder

Benjamin Ernest "Ben" Linder (July 7, 1959 – April 28, 1987), was an American engineer.

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Ben Masel

Bennett A. "Ben" Masel (October 17, 1954 – April 30, 2011) was an American writer, publisher, cannabis rights and free speech activist, expert witness for marijuana defendants, and frequent candidate for public office.

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Ben Wizner

Ben Wizner (born 1971) is an American lawyer, writer, and civil liberties advocate with the American Civil Liberties Union.

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Benjamin Chew

Benjamin Chew (November 19, 1722 – January 20, 1810) was a fifth-generation American, a Quaker-born legal scholar, a prominent and successful Philadelphia lawyer, head of the Pennsylvania Judiciary System under both Colony and Commonwealth, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Province of Pennsylvania.

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Benjamin Constant

Henri-Benjamin Constant de Rebecque (25 October 1767 – 8 December 1830), or simply Benjamin Constant, was a Swiss-French political activist and writer on politics and religion.

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Benjamin Franklin True Patriot Act

The Benjamin Franklin True Patriot Act is a bill introduced in the United States House of Representatives intended to review the previously passed USA PATRIOT Act.

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Bernard Moffatt

Bernard Moffatt was born in Peel, Isle of Man in April 1946.

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Bertrand Russell's philosophical views

The aspects of Bertrand Russell views on philosophy cover the changing viewpoints of philosopher and mathematician Bertrand Russell (1872–1970), from his early writings in 1896 until his death in February 1970.

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Bertrand Russell's political views

Aspects of philosopher, mathematician and social activist Bertrand Russell's views on society changed over nearly 80 years of prolific writing, beginning with his early work in 1896, until his death in February 1970.

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Bharatiya Janata Party

The Bharatiya Janata Party (translation: Indian People's Party; BJP) is one of the two major political parties in India, along with the Indian National Congress.

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Big Brother (Nineteen Eighty-Four)

Big Brother is a fictional character and symbol in George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four.

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Big Brother Watch

Big Brother Watch is a non-profit non-party British civil liberties and privacy campaigning organisation.

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Bill Sanders

William Willard "Bill" Sanders (born October 14, 1930) is an American political cartoonist and author known for his cartoons and commentary on civil liberties and civil rights.

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Biometric passport

A biometric passport (also known as an e-passport, ePassport or a digital passport) is a traditional passport that has an embedded electronic microprocessor chip which contains biometric information that can be used to authenticate the identity of the passport holder.

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Bizarre (magazine)

Bizarre was a British alternative magazine published from 1997 to 2015.

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Black January

Black January (Qara Yanvar), also known as Black Saturday or the January Massacre, was a violent crackdown in Baku on 19–20 January 1990, pursuant to a state of emergency during the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

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Black people and Mormonism

Over the past two centuries, the relationship between black people and Mormonism has been tumultuous.

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Black suffrage in Pennsylvania

Prior the early 1800s wealthy African-American men could vote just as their rich European-American male counterparts could.

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Bob Barr

Robert Laurence Barr Jr. (born November 5, 1948) is an American attorney and politician.

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Bob Marshall (wilderness activist)

Robert "Bob" Marshall (January 2, 1901November 11, 1939) was an American forester, writer and wilderness activist who is best remembered as the person who spearheaded the 1935 founding of the Wilderness Society in the United States.

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Bodil Valero

Bodil Valero (born Lundström 14 May 1958, before June 2015 Ceballos) is a Swedish politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Sweden.

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Boy Scouts of America membership controversies

The Boy Scouts of America (BSA), one of the largest private youth organizations in the United States, has policies which prohibit those who are not willing to subscribe to the BSA's Declaration of Religious Principle, which is usually interpreted as banning atheists, and, until January 2014, prohibited all "known or avowed homosexuals," from membership in its Scouting program.

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Brandeis Medal

The Brandeis Medal is awarded to individuals whose lives reflect United States Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis' commitment to the ideals of individual liberty, concern for the disadvantaged and public service.

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Brian Barder

Sir Brian Leon Barder (20 June 1934 – 19 September 2017) was a British diplomat, author, blogger and civil liberties advocate.

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British Columbia Civil Liberties Association

The British Columbia Civil Liberties Association (BCCLA) is an autonomous, non-partisan charitable society that seeks to "promote, defend, sustain, and extend civil liberties and human rights." It works towards achieving this purpose through litigation, lobbying, complaint assistance, events, social media, and publications.

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British Social Attitudes Survey

The British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA) is an annual statistical survey conducted in Great Britain by National Centre for Social Research since 1983.

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Brock Meeks

Brock N. Meeks (born 1956) is an American investigative journalist.

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Bruce Fein

Bruce Fein (born March 12, 1947) is an American lawyer who specializes in constitutional and international law.

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Burkhard Hirsch

Burkhard Hirsch (born 29 May 1930) is a German politician and civil liberties advocate.

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Burmese general election, 1960

General elections were held in Burma on 6 February 1960 to install a government to take over from General Ne Win's interim administration, established in October 1958.

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Burt Neuborne

Burt Neuborne is an American civil liberties lawyer.

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Burton K. Wheeler

Burton Kendall Wheeler (February 27, 1882January 6, 1975) was an attorney and an American politician of the Democratic Party in Montana; he served as a United States Senator from 1923 until 1947.

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Camden County Police Department

The Camden County Police Department (CCPD) is the local police agency for the city of Camden, Camden County, New Jersey, formed in 2013.

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Camden, Maine

Camden is a town in Knox County, Maine, United States.

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Canadian Arab Federation

The Canadian Arab Federation (CAF) was formed in 1967 to represent the interests of Arab Canadians with respect to the formulation of public policy in Canada.

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Canadian Civil Liberties Association

The Canadian Civil Liberties Association (CCLA; Association Canadienne des Libertés Civiles) is a nonprofit organization in Canada devoted to the defence of civil liberties and constitutional rights.

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Canadian Civil Liberties Education Trust

The Canadian Civil Liberties Education Trust (CCLET) is a charitable organization focused on the promotion and dissemination of knowledge and understanding amongst the general public of the rights, liberties and duties of all citizens in democracies.

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Carlos Castillo Armas

Carlos Castillo Armas (November 4, 1914 – July 26, 1957) was a Guatemalan military officer and politician.

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Carnation Revolution

The Carnation Revolution (Revolução dos Cravos), also referred to as the 25th of April (vinte e cinco de Abril), was initially a military coup in Lisbon, Portugal, on 25 April 1974 which overthrew the authoritarian regime of the Estado Novo.

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Caroline Kennedy

Caroline Bouvier Kennedy (born November 27, 1957) is an American author, attorney, and diplomat who served as the United States Ambassador to Japan from 2013 to 2017.

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Carolyn Simpson

Carolyn Chalmers Simpson (born 30 March 1946) was a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales for 24 years and of its Court of Appeal for nearly three.

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Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic

Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic was an important area of dispute, and tensions between the Catholic hierarchy and the Republic were apparent from the beginning - the establishment of the Republic began 'the most dramatic phase in the contemporary history of both Spain and the Church.' The dispute over the role of the Catholic Church and the rights of Catholics were one of the major issues which worked against the securing of a broad democratic majority and "left the body politic divided almost from the start." The historian Mary Vincent has argued that the Catholic Church was an active element in the polarising politics of the years preceding the Spanish Civil War.

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Cause lawyer

A cause lawyer, also known as a public interest lawyer or social lawyer, is a lawyer dedicated to the usage of law for the promotion of social change to address a cause.

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Cecilio Báez

Cecilio Báez González (January 1, 1862 – June 18, 1941) was provisional President of Paraguay from December 8, 1905 to November 25, 1906.

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Censorship in Malaysia

Censorship is a growing issue in Malaysia as it attempts to adapt to a modern knowledge-based economy.

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Center for Constitutional Rights

The Center for Constitutional Rights.

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Center for Individual Rights

The Center for Individual Rights (CIR) is a non-profit public interest law firm in the United States.

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Centre-right politics

Centre-right politics or center-right politics (American English), also referred to as moderate-right politics, are politics that lean to the right of the left–right political spectrum, but are closer to the centre than other right-wing variants.

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Charles Erskine Scott Wood

Charles Erskine Scott Wood or C.E.S. Wood (February 20, 1852January 22, 1944) was an American author, civil liberties advocate, artist, soldier, attorney, and Georgist.

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Charles Farr

Charles Blandford Farr, is a British civil servant, intelligence officer, and diplomat.

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Charles James Fox

Charles James Fox (24 January 1749 – 13 September 1806), styled The Honourable from 1762, was a prominent British Whig statesman whose parliamentary career spanned 38 years of the late 18th and early 19th centuries and who was the arch-rival of William Pitt the Younger.

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Charles Merrill Hough

Charles Merrill Hough (May 18, 1858 – April 22, 1927) was a longtime federal judge in New York City.

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Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden

Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden, PC (baptised 21 March 1714 – 18 April 1794) was an English lawyer, judge and Whig politician who was first to hold the title of Earl Camden.

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Charlie Chaplin

Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film.

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Charlie Hebdo shooting

On 7 January 2015 at about 11:30 local time, two brothers, Saïd and Chérif Kouachi, forced their way into the offices of the French satirical weekly newspaper Charlie Hebdo in Paris.

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Charter88

Charter88 was a British pressure group that advocated constitutional and electoral reform and owes its origins to the lack of a written constitution.

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Chavismo

Chavism (Spanish: chavismo), also known as Chavezism (Spanish: chavecismo), is a left-wing political ideology based on the ideas, programs and government style associated with the former President of Venezuela Hugo Chávez that combines elements of socialism, left-wing populism, patriotism, internationalism, Bolivarianism, feminism, green politics and Caribbean and Latin American integration.

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Child Exploitation Tracking System

Child Exploitation Tracking System (CETS) is a Microsoft software based solution that assists in managing and linking worldwide cases related to child protection.

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Child Protective Services

Child Protective Services (CPS) is the name of a governmental agency in many states of the United States responsible for providing child protection, which includes responding to reports of child abuse or neglect.

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Chris Huhne

Christopher Murray Paul-Huhne (born 2 July 1954), known as Chris Huhne, is an energy and climate change consultant and formerly a British journalist and politician who was the Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament for Eastleigh from 2005 to 2013 and the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change from 2010 to 2012.

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Chris Tame

Christopher Ronald Tame (20 December 1949 – 20 March 2006) was a British libertarian political activist.

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Christian Rakovsky

Christian Rakovsky (– September 11, 1941) was a Bulgarian socialist revolutionary, a Bolshevik politician and Soviet diplomat; he was also noted as a journalist, physician, and essayist.

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Chuck Baldwin

Charles Obadiah Baldwin (born May 3, 1952) is an American politician, radio host, and founder-former pastor of Crossroad Baptist Church in Pensacola, Florida.

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Chuck Baldwin presidential campaign, 2008

The Chuck Baldwin presidential campaign of 2008 began April 10, 2008 as pastor and radio host Chuck Baldwin of Florida announced his candidacy for the Constitution Party presidential nomination.

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Chuck Brodsky

Chuck Brodsky (born May 20, 1960 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American musician and singer-songwriter currently living in Asheville, North Carolina.

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Cité Libre

Cité Libre was an influential political journal published in Quebec, Canada, through the 1950s and 1960s.

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Citizens for Constitutional Freedom

Citizens for Constitutional Freedom (C4CF), later also known as People for Constitutional Freedom (P4CF), was the name taken on January 4, 2016, by an armed private U.S. militia that occupied the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Malheur National Wildlife Refuge headquarters in the U.S. state of Oregon from January 2 to February 11, 2016.

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City of Limerick Act 1292

The City of Limerick Act is an act passed by the Parliament of Ireland in 1292, during the reign of Edward I as Lord of Ireland.

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City rights in the Low Countries

City rights are a feature of the medieval history of the Low Countries.

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Civic Party

Civic Party is a pro-democracy liberal political party in Hong Kong.

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Civicus

CIVICUS is an international non-profit organisation, which describes itself as “a global alliance dedicated to strengthening citizen action and civil society around the world.

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Civil

Civil may refer to.

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Civil and political rights

Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals.

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Civil libertarianism

Civil libertarianism is a strain of political thought that supports civil liberties, or which emphasizes the supremacy of individual rights and personal freedoms over and against any kind of authority (such as a state, a corporation, social norms imposed through peer pressure and so on).

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Civil liberties in the United Kingdom

Civil liberties in the United Kingdom have a long and formative history.

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Civil liberties in the United States

Civil liberties in the United States are certain unalienable rights retained by (as opposed to privileges granted to) citizens of the United States under the Constitution of the United States, as interpreted and clarified by the Supreme Court of the United States and lower federal courts.

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Civil society

Civil society is the "aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that manifest interests and will of citizens".

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Clara Fraser

Clara Fraser (March 12, 1923 – February 24, 1998) was a feminist and socialist political organizer, who co-founded and led the Freedom Socialist Party and Radical Women.

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Classical liberalism

Classical liberalism is a political ideology and a branch of liberalism which advocates civil liberties under the rule of law with an emphasis on economic freedom.

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Classification of advocacy groups

An advocacy group is a group or an organization which tries to influence the government but does not hold power in the government.

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Clement Vallandigham

Clement Laird Vallandigham (July 29, 1820June 17, 1871) was an Ohio politician and leader of the Copperhead faction of anti-war Democrats during the American Civil War.

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Closed-circuit television

Closed-circuit television (CCTV), also known as video surveillance, is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors.

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Cold War liberal

Cold War liberal is a term that was used most commonly in the United States during the Cold War, which began at the end of World War II.

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Colorado Amendment 64

Colorado Amendment 64 was a successful popular initiative ballot measure to amend the Constitution of the State of Colorado, outlining a statewide drug policy for cannabis.

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Come See the Paradise

Come See the Paradise is a 1990 drama film written and directed by Alan Parker, and starring Dennis Quaid and Tamlyn Tomita.

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Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth of Nations, often known as simply the Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire.

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Communications Decency Act

The Communications Decency Act of 1996 (CDA) was the first notable attempt by the United States Congress to regulate pornographic material on the Internet.

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Communications Security Establishment

The Communications Security Establishment (CSE; Centre de la sécurité des télécommunications, CST), formerly called the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC), is the Government of Canada's national cryptologic agency.

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Community Action Party

The Community Action Party is a minor political party in the United Kingdom, mostly active in Greater Manchester and Merseyside.

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Competition law

Competition law is a law that promotes or seeks to maintain market competition by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies.

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Competition law theory

Competition law theory covers the strands of thought relating to competition law or antitrust policy.

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Complaint

In legal terminology, a complaint is any formal legal document that sets out the facts and legal reasons (see: cause of action) that the filing party or parties (the plaintiff(s)) believes are sufficient to support a claim against the party or parties against whom the claim is brought (the defendant(s)) that entitles the plaintiff(s) to a remedy (either money damages or injunctive relief).

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Conference for Progressive Political Action

The Conference for Progressive Political Action was officially established by the convention call of the 16 major railway labor unions in the United States, represented by a committee of six: William H. Johnston of the Machinists' Union, Martin F. Ryan of the Railway Carmen, Warren S. Stone of the Locomotive Engineers, E. J. Manion or the Railroad Telegraphers, Timothy Healy of the Stationary Firemen, and L. E. Sheppard of the Order of Railway Conductors.

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Connecticut General Assembly Conservative Caucus

The Connecticut General Assembly Conservative Caucus is a group of Connecticut legislators espousing a conservative political agenda.

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Connexions (website)

Connexions (full name Connexions Information Sharing Services) is the central online library and archive for Canada’s movements for social change.

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Conservatism in the United States

American conservatism is a broad system of political beliefs in the United States that is characterized by respect for American traditions, republicanism, support for Judeo-Christian values, moral absolutism, free markets and free trade, anti-communism, individualism, advocacy of American exceptionalism, and a defense of Western culture from the perceived threats posed by socialism, authoritarianism, and moral relativism.

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Conspiracy theory

A conspiracy theory is an explanation of an event or situation that invokes an unwarranted conspiracy, generally one involving an illegal or harmful act carried out by government or other powerful actors.

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Constitution of Austria

The Constitution of Austria (Österreichische Bundesverfassung) is the body of all constitutional law of the Republic of Austria on the federal level.

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Constitution of Brazil

The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil) is the supreme law of Brazil.

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Constitution of Nicaragua

The Constitution of Nicaragua was reformed due to a negotiation of the executive and legislative branches in 1995.

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Constitution of Qatar

The Constitution of Qatar (Dastūr Qatar) is the supreme law of the State of Qatar.

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Constitution of South Africa

The Constitution of South Africa is the supreme law of the Republic of South Africa.

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Constitution Project

The Constitution Project is a non-profit think tank in the United States whose goal is to build bipartisan consensus on significant constitutional and legal questions.

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Constitutional Democratic Party

The Constitutional Democratic Party (Конституционно-демократическая партия, Konstitutsionno-Demokraticheskaya Partiya), also called Constitutional Democrats, formally Party of People's Freedom, was a liberal political party in the Russian Empire, encompassing constitutional monarchists and right-wing republicans.

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Constitutional economics

Constitutional economics is a research program in economics and constitutionalism that has been described as explaining the choice "of alternative sets of legal-institutional-constitutional rules that constrain the choices and activities of economic and political agents".

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Constitutional law

Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in federal countries such as the United States and Canada, the relationship between the central government and state, provincial, or territorial governments.

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Constitutionalism

Constitutionalism is "a complex of ideas, attitudes, and patterns of behavior elaborating the principle that the authority of government derives from and is limited by a body of fundamental law".

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ContactPoint

ContactPoint was a government database that held information on all children under 18 in England.

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Convergence indexing

Convergence indexing road traffic monitoring is a system of motion sensors and speed cameras placed on highway ramps.

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Corazon Aquino

Maria Corazon "Cory" Sumulong Cojuangco Aquino (January 25, 1933 – August 1, 2009) was a Filipina politician who served as the 11th President of the Philippines and the first woman to hold that office.

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Corliss Lamont

Corliss Lamont (March 28, 1902 – April 26, 1995) was an American socialist philosopher and advocate of various left-wing and civil liberties causes.

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Corruption in Equatorial Guinea

Corruption in Equatorial Guinea is high by world standards and considered among the worst of any country on earth.

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Corruption in Eritrea

Corruption in Eritrea is a considered a deeply serious and growing problem.

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Counter-terrorism

Counter-terrorism (also spelled counterterrorism) incorporates the practice, military tactics, techniques, and strategy that government, military, law enforcement, business, and intelligence agencies use to combat or prevent terrorism.

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Counterculture

A counterculture (also written counter-culture) is a subculture whose values and norms of behavior differ substantially from those of mainstream society, often in opposition to mainstream cultural mores.

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Country Party (Rhode Island)

The Country Party was a political party in the state of Rhode Island.

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Covington & Burling

Covington & Burling LLP is an international law firm with offices in Beijing, Brussels, Dubai, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, Seoul, Shanghai, Silicon Valley, and Washington, DC.

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Creation Seventh Day Adventist Church

The Creation Seventh Day (and) Adventist Church began as a small group that broke off from the Seventh-day Adventist Church in 1988, and organized its own church in 1991.

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Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885

The Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885 (48 & 49 Vict. c.69), or "An Act to make further provision for the Protection of Women and Girls, the suppression of brothels, and other purposes", was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the latest in a 25-year series of legislation in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland beginning with the Offences against the Person Act 1861 that raised the age of consent and delineated the penalties for sexual offences against women and minors.

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Criticism of the Iraq War

The U.S. rationale for the Iraq War has faced heavy criticism from an array of popular and official sources both inside and outside the United States.

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Criticism of the War on Terror

Criticism of the War on Terror addresses the morals, ethics, efficiency, economics, as well as other issues surrounding the War on Terror.

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Custody and repatriation

Custody and repatriation (C&R) was an administrative procedure, established in 1982 and ended in 2003, by which the police in the People's Republic of China (usually cities) could detain people if they did not have a residence permit (hukou) or temporary living permit (zanzhuzheng), and return them to the place where they could legally live or work (usually rural areas).

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Cutting the Mustard

Cutting the Mustard: Affirmative Action and the Nature of Excellence is a 1987 non-fiction book by civil libertarian and United States lawyer Marjorie Heins about Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and its relationship to affirmative action and sexism.

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Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act

The Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act (CISPA (112th Congress), (113th Congress), (114th Congress)) was a proposed law in the United States which would allow for the sharing of Internet traffic information between the U.S. government and technology and manufacturing companies.

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Cyber security standards

Cybersecurity standards (also styled cyber security standards) are techniques generally set forth in published materials that attempt to protect the cyber environment of a user or organization.

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Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act

The Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act (CISA) is a United States federal law designed to "improve cybersecurity in the United States through enhanced sharing of information about cybersecurity threats, and for other purposes".

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Czech Pirate Party

The Czech Pirate Party (Česká pirátská strana) or Pirates (Piráti) is a political party in the Czech Republic, founded in 2009.

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Daisy Khan

Daisy Khan is a Muslim campaigner and reformer who is the Executive Director of the Women's Islamic Initiative for Spirituality and Equality (WISE), a women-led organization committed to peacebuilding, equality, and justice for Muslims around the world.

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Darcus Howe

Leighton Rhett Radford "Darcus" Howe (26 February 1943 – 1 April 2017), BBC News, 2 April 2017.

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Dave Winer

Dave Winer (born May 2, 1955 in Queens, New York City) is an American software developer, entrepreneur, and writer who resides in New York City.

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David Blunkett

David Blunkett, Baron Blunkett, (born 6 June 1947) is a former British politician, having represented the Sheffield Brightside and Hillsborough constituency for 28 years through to 7 May 2015 when he stepped down at the general election.

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David Davis (British politician)

David Michael Davis (born 23 December 1948) is a British politician of the Conservative Party serving as Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union since 2016 and Member of Parliament (MP) for Haltemprice and Howden since the general election of 1997.

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David Fellman

David Fellman (1907 – 2003) was a political scientist and constitutional scholar and advocate for academic freedom.

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David I. Shapiro

David Israel Shapiro (June 17, 1928 – October 1, 2009) was an American 1st Amendment attorney and civil liberties activist, known best in the United States for his key roles defending people against accusations by the House Committee on Un-American Activities, his representation of the American Nazi Party in a free speech case, and his pioneering in class action lawsuits.

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David Koch

David Hamilton Koch (born May 3, 1940) is an American businessman, philanthropist, political activist, and chemical engineer.

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David Matas

David Matas (born 29 August 1943) is the senior legal counsel of B'nai Brith Canada.

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Death of a President (2006 film)

Death of a President is a 2006 British docudrama political thriller film about the fictional assassination of George W. Bush, the 43rd U.S. President, on 19 October 2007 in Chicago, Illinois.

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Deaths in January 2006

The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2006.

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Debates within libertarianism

Libertarianism is variously defined by sources as there is no general consensus among scholars on the definition nor on how one should use the term as a historical category.

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Defense Distributed

Defense Distributed is an online, open-source organization that designs ghost gun firearms, or "wiki weapons", that may be downloaded from the Internet and "printed" with a 3D printer.

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Definitions of Japanese war crimes

There are differences from one country to another regarding the definition of Japanese war crimes.

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Demand Progress

Demand Progress is an internet activist-related entity encompassing a 501(c)4 arm sponsored by the 1630 Fund and a 501(c)3 arm sponsored by the New Venture Fund.

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Democracy

Democracy (δημοκρατία dēmokraa thetía, literally "rule by people"), in modern usage, has three senses all for a system of government where the citizens exercise power by voting.

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Democracy Index

The Democracy Index is an index compiled by the UK-based company the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) that intends to measure the state of democracy in 167 countries, of which 166 are sovereign states and 165 are UN member states.

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Democracy Ranking

The Democracy Ranking is an index compiled by the Association for Development and Advancement of the Democracy Award, an Austria-based non-partisan organization.

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Democratic Labor Party (South Korea)

The Democratic Labor Party (DLP) was a left-wing nationalist political party in South Korea.

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Democratic Party (Luxembourg)

The Democratic Party (Demokratesch Partei, Parti Démocratique, Demokratische Partei), abbreviated to DP, is the major liberal political party in Luxembourg.

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Democratic socialism

Democratic socialism is a political philosophy that advocates political democracy alongside social ownership of the means of production with an emphasis on self-management and/or democratic management of economic institutions within a market socialist, participatory or decentralized planned economy.

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Demonstration (protest)

A demonstration or street protest is action by a mass group or collection of groups of people in favor of a political or other cause; it normally consists of walking in a mass march formation and either beginning with or meeting at a designated endpoint, or rally, to hear speakers.

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Denis Lerrer Rosenfield

Denis Lerrer Rosenfield, PhD is a Brazilian writer and columnist.

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Dennis McDermott

Dennis McDermott, (November 3, 1922 – February 13, 2003) was a Canadian trade unionist, Canadian Director of the United Auto Workers from 1968 to 1978 and president of the Canadian Labour Congress from 1978 to 1986.

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Detention (imprisonment)

Detention is the process whereby a state or private citizen lawfully holds a person by removing his or her freedom or liberty at that time.

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Deterrence theory

Deterrence theory gained increased prominence as a military strategy during the Cold War with regard to the use of nuclear weapons.

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Dick Cheney

Richard Bruce Cheney (born January 30, 1941) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 46th Vice President of the United States from 2001 to 2009.

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Dictablanda

Dictablanda is a dictatorship in which civil liberties are allegedly preserved rather than destroyed.

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Dictator

A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute power.

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Digital Angel

Digital Angel, Corp.

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Digital Fortress

Digital Fortress is a techno-thriller novel written by American author Dan Brown and published in 1998 by St. Martin's Press.

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Digital Liberty Coalition

The Digital Liberty Coalition (DLC) is an Australian nonprofit organisation that emerged from the public backlash against the Australian government's plans to implement compulsory ISP-level filtering of internet content (cf. proposed compulsory filtering scheme).

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Dimitrije Tucović

Dimitrije "Mita" Tucović (Димитрије Туцовић,; 13 May 1881 – November 1914) was a Serbian theorist of the socialist movement, prominent leader and a publisher.

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Dina Temple-Raston

Dina Temple-Raston is a Belgian-born American journalist and award-winning author.

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Dionne Bunsha

Dionne Bunsha is an award-winning journalist from Mumbai, India, who has written about suicide deaths among farmers, religious strife in India, human rights, threats to the Indian environment and a range of other crucial issues.

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DNA database

A DNA database or DNA databank is a database of DNA profiles which can be used in the analysis of genetic diseases, genetic fingerprinting for criminology, or genetic genealogy.

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DNA profiling

DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting, DNA testing, or DNA typing) is the process of determining an individual's DNA characteristics, which are as unique as fingerprints.

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Donald L. Drakeman

Donald Lee Drakeman is an American entrepreneur, venture capitalist, business executive, academic, and scholar based in South Carolina.

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Dorothy Kenyon

Dorothy Kenyon (February 17, 1888 – February 12, 1972) was a New York lawyer, judge, feminist and political activist in support of civil liberties.

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Doughty Street Chambers

Doughty Street Chambers is a British set of barristers' chambers situated in Bristol, Manchester and London's Doughty Street, undertaking criminal justice, public law, immigration, employment, human rights and civil liberties work.

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Drug Enforcement Administration

The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is a United States federal law enforcement agency under the United States Department of Justice, tasked with combating drug smuggling and use within the United States.

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Duma

A duma (дума) is a Russian assembly with advisory or legislative functions.

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Duncan Campbell (journalist)

Duncan Campbell (born 1952) is a British freelance investigative journalist, author, and television producer.

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E-ZPass

E‑ZPass is an electronic toll collection system used on most tolled roads, bridges, and tunnels in the Midwestern and Northeastern United States, as far south as North Carolina and as far west as Illinois.

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Early revolutionary activity of Mao Zedong

The early revolutionary activity of Chinese revolutionary and politician Mao Zedong lasted for eight years, from 1919 to 1927.

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Economic freedom

Economic freedom or economic liberty is the ability of people of a society to take economic actions.

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Economic history of Portugal

The economic history of Portugal covers the development of the economy throughout the course of Portuguese history.

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Economy of New York City

The economy of New York City encompasses the largest municipal and regional economy in the United States.

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Edmund Wilson

Edmund Wilson (May 8, 1895 – June 12, 1972) was an American writer and critic who explored Freudian and Marxist themes.

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Education and Democracy: The Meaning of Alexander Meiklejohn

Education and Democracy: The Meaning of Alexander Meiklejohn, 1872–1964 is the first full biography of Alexander Meiklejohn written by Adam R. Nelson and published by the University of Wisconsin Press in 2001.

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Edward Leigh

Sir Edward Julian Egerton Leigh (born 20 July 1950) is a British Conservative Party politician who has served as a Member of Parliament since 1983.

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Edwin Kagin

Edwin Frederick Kagin (November 26, 1940 – March 28, 2014) was an attorney at law in Union, Kentucky, and a founder of Camp Quest, the first secular summer camp in the United States for the children of secularists, atheists, agnostics, brights, skeptics, naturalists and freethinkers.

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Egypt

Egypt (مِصر, مَصر, Khēmi), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.

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Egyptian presidential election, 2012

A presidential election was held in Egypt in two rounds, the first on 23 and 24 May 2012 and the second on 16 and 17 June.

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Elections in Germany

Elections in Germany include elections to the Bundestag (Germany's federal parliament), the Landtags of the various states, and local elections.

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Electronic Frontier Foundation

The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is an international non-profit digital rights group based in San Francisco, California.

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Electronic Frontiers Australia

Electronic Frontiers Australia Inc. (EFA) is a non-profit Australian national non-government organisation representing Internet users concerned with online liberties and rights.

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Elena Kagan

Elena Kagan (pronounced; born April 28, 1960) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, nominated by President Barack Obama in May 10, 2010 and confirmed by the U.S. Senate on August 5, 2010.

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Elisabeth Gilman

Elisabeth Coit Gilman (December 25, 1867 – December 14, 1950) was an American socialist and civil liberties advocate.

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Eliza Manningham-Buller

Elizabeth Lydia "Eliza" Manningham-Buller, Baroness Manningham-Buller, (born 14 July 1948) was Director General of MI5, the British internal Security Service, from October 2002 until her retirement on 20 April 2007, aged 58.

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Emmett Matthew Hall

Emmett Matthew Hall (November 29, 1898 – November 12, 1995) was a Canadian lawyer, civil liberties advocate, Supreme Court of Canada judge and public policy advocate.

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Entick v Carrington

Entick v Carrington, is a leading case in English law and UK constitutional law establishing the civil liberties of individuals and limiting the scope of executive power.

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Ephraim London

Ephraim S. London (June 17, 1911 – June 12, 1990) was an American attorney and law professor specializing in constitutional law who established a reputation as a defender of free speech and civil liberties.

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Equal Justice Works

Equal Justice Works is a Washington, DC-based nonprofit organization that focuses on careers in public service for lawyers.

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Eric Cartman

Eric Theodore Cartman, often referred to as just Cartman, is a main character in the animated television series South Park, created by Matt Stone and Trey Parker, and voiced by Trey Parker.

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Erich Everth

Erich Everth (born 3 July 187? in Berlin; died 22 June 1934 in Leipzig) was a German art historian, journalist and scientist of newspaper and cultivation.

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Estado Novo (Portugal)

The Estado Novo ("New State"), or the Second Republic, was the corporatist authoritarian regime installed in Portugal in 1933, which was considered fascist.

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Ethics of technology

Ethics in technology is a sub-field of ethics addressing the ethical questions specific to the Technology Age.

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Eugene McCarthy

Eugene Joseph McCarthy (March 29, 1916December 10, 2005) was an American politician, poet, and a long-time Congressman from Minnesota.

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European Convention on Human Rights

The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) (formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is an international treaty to protect human rights and political freedoms in Europe.

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European Parliament Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs

The Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE) is a standing committee of the European Parliament that is responsible for protecting civil liberties and human rights, including those of minorities, as listed in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.

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European Republicans Movement

The European Republicans Movement (Movimento Repubblicani Europei, MRE) was a tiny social-liberal political party in Italy.

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European Values Think-Tank

The European Values Think-Tank is a Czech non-governmental organisation founded in 2005.

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Exile

To be in exile means to be away from one's home (i.e. city, state, or country), while either being explicitly refused permission to return or being threatened with imprisonment or death upon return.

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Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party of the United States is composed of various factions with some overlap and enough agreement between them to coexist in one party.

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Fall of Suharto

Suharto resigned as president of Indonesia in May 1998 following the collapse of support for his three-decade long presidency.

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Family register

A family register (also known in several variations, such as household register and family album, and, when discussing non-anglophone countries, the native-language names of the registers such as Familienbuch in Germany, hukou in mainland China and koseki in Japan) is a civil registry used in many countries to track information of a genealogical or family-centric legal interest.

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Fawaz bin Mohammed Al Khalifa

Fawaz bin Mohammed Al Khalifa is a Bahraini member of the House of Khalifa and current Ambassador to the Court of St James's.

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Faxlore

Faxlore is a sort of folklore: humorous texts, folk poetry, folk art, and urban legends that are circulated, not by word of mouth, but by fax machine.

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FDP.The Liberals

FDP.The Liberals (FDP.Die Liberalen, PLR.Les Libéraux-Radicaux, PLR.I Liberali, PLD.Ils Liberals) is a liberal political party in Switzerland.

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February 1941

The following events occurred in February 1941.

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Federal government of the United States

The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government) is the national government of the United States, a constitutional republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D.C. (the nation's capital), and several territories.

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Fellow traveller

The term fellow traveller (also fellow traveler) identifies a person who is intellectually sympathetic to the ideology of a political organization, and who co-operates in the organization's politics, without being a formal member of that organization.

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Fellowship of Reconciliation (United States)

United States Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR USA) was founded in 1915 by sixty-eight pacifists, including A. J. Muste, Jane Addams and Bishop Paul Jones, and claims to be the "largest, oldest interfaith peace and justice organization in the United States." Norman Thomas, at first skeptical of its program, joined in 1916 and would become the group's president.

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Feminists Fighting Pornography

Feminists Fighting Pornography (FFP,Searles, Janis, Sexually Explicit Speech and Feminism, Revista Juridica Universidad de Puerto Rico, vol. 63, p. 471, at p. 488 n. 92 (1994). pronounced /fip/) was a political activist organization against pornography.

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Fences and Windows

Fences and Windows: Dispatches from the Front Lines of the Globalization Debate is a 2002 book by Canadian journalist Naomi Klein and editor Debra Ann Levy.

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Ferdinand Marcos

Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr. (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was a Filipino politician and kleptocrat who was President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986.

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Filter bubble

A filter bubble is a state of intellectual isolation Technopedia,, Retrieved October 10, 2017, "....A filter bubble is the intellectual isolation that can occur when websites make use of algorithms to selectively assume the information a user would want to see, and then give information to the user according to this assumption...

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First Amendment to the United States Constitution

The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, prohibiting the free exercise of religion, or abridging the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, the right to peaceably assemble, or to petition for a governmental redress of grievances.

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Flashpoint Human Rights Film Festival

Flashpoint Human Rights Film Festival was a four-day festival held in Mumbai, India between December 8–10, 2010.

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Florida Democratic League

The Florida Democratic League (FDL) is one of the state's minority-led civil rights, equality, and social justice advocacy organizations.

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Florida Legislative Investigation Committee

The Florida Legislative Investigation Committee (also known as the Johns Committee) was established by the Florida Legislature in 1956, during the era of the Second Red Scare and the Lavender Scare.

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Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India

The 42nd amendment to Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Forty-second amendment) Act, 1976, was enacted during the Emergency (25 June 1975 – 21 March 1977) by the Indian National Congress government headed by Indira Gandhi.

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Forward intelligence team

Forward Intelligence Teams (FITs) are two or more police officers who are deployed by UK police forces to gather intelligence on the ground and in some circumstances, to disrupt activists and deter anti-social behaviour.

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Foster care in the United States

Foster care is the term used for a system in which a minor who has been made a ward is placed in an institution, group home (residential child care community, residential treatment center,…), or private home of a state certified caregiver referred to as a "foster parent".

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Foundation for Individual Rights in Education

The Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) is a non-profit, non-partisan group founded in 1999 that focuses on civil liberties in academia in the United States.

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Four Freedoms (Norman Rockwell)

The Four Freedoms is a series of four 1943 oil paintings by the American artist Norman Rockwell.

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Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Fourth Amendment (Amendment IV) to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights that prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures.

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François Bayrou

François Bayrou (born 25 May 1951) is a French centrist politician and the president of the Democratic Movement (MoDem), who was a candidate in the 2002, 2007 and 2012 French presidential elections.

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Francisco de Sá Carneiro

Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro, GCTE, GCC, GCL (19 July 19344 December 1980) founded the Portuguese Social Democratic Party in 1974 (the year of the Portuguese Carnation Revolution) and became Prime Minister of Portugal in January 1980, but only held office for eleven months, dying in a plane crash with his partner, "Snu" Abecassis (born Ebba Merethe Seidenfaden), on 4 December 1980.

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Frank Donner

Frank Donner (November 25, 1911 – June 10, 1993) was a civil liberties lawyer, author, and the director of the American Civil Liberties Union's (ACLU) Project on Political Surveillance, whose clients included Morton Sobell (fellow accused in the Julius and Ethel Rosenberg case) and William Albertson.

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Frank Murphy

William Francis "Frank" Murphy (April 13, 1890July 19, 1949) was a Democratic politician and jurist from Michigan.

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Frank Serpico

Francesco Vincent Serpico (born April 14, 1936) is a former American New York City Police Department (NYPD) officer who holds both American and Italian citizenship.

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Frank Wilkinson

Frank Wilkinson (August 16, 1914 – January 2, 2006) was an American civil liberties activist who served as Executive Director of the National Committee Against Repressive Legislation and the First Amendment Foundation (both predecessors to the Defending Dissent Foundation).

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Fred Foldvary

Fred Emanuel Foldvary (born May 11, 1946) is a lecturer in economics at San Jose State University, California, and a research fellow at The Independent Institute.

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Fred Korematsu Day

The Fred Korematsu Day of Civil Liberties and the Constitution is celebrated on January 30 in California to commemorate the birthday of Fred Korematsu, a Japanese-American civil rights activist (see Korematsu v. US).

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Frederic Ewen Academic Freedom Center

The Frederic Ewen Academic Freedom Center at New York University's Tamiment Library is named after Frederic Ewen, an author, teacher, and an outspoken advocate for civil liberties and intellectual freedom.

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Frederick Cass

Frederick McIntosh (Fred) Cass Q.C. (August 5, 1913 – November 25, 2000) was a Canadian politician who served as both Attorney-General of Ontario and Speaker of the Legislative Assembly.

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FREE Australia Party

The FREE Australia Party, fully the Freedom Rights Environment Educate Australia Party, is a defunct minor political party in South Australia founded by Paul Kuhn.

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Free Democratic Party (Germany)

The Free Democratic Party (Freie Demokratische Partei, FDP) is a liberal and classical liberal political party in Germany.

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Free Expression Policy Project

The Free Expression Policy Project (FEPP) is an organization devoted to assisting researchers with assembling information related to freedom of speech, media democracy, and copyright, and advocating for these issues.

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Free speech zone

Free speech zones (also known as First Amendment zones, free speech cages, and protest zones) are areas set aside in public places for the purpose of political protesting.

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Free-market anarchism

Free-market anarchism, or market anarchism, includes several branches of anarchism that advocate an economic system based on voluntary market interactions without the involvement of the state.

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Freedom

Freedom, generally, is having an ability to act or change without constraint.

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Freedom (disambiguation)

Freedom, generally, is having an ability to change without constraint.

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Freedom House

Freedom House is a U.S.-based 501(c)(3) U.S. government-funded non-governmental organization (NGO) that conducts research and advocacy on democracy, political freedom, and human rights.

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Freedom in the World

Freedom in the World is a yearly survey and report by the U.S.-based non-governmental organization Freedom House that measures the degree of civil liberties and political rights in every nation and significant related and disputed territories around the world.

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Freedom isn't free

"Freedom isn't free", "freedom is not free", "freedom's not free", or "freedom ain't free" is an American idiom, used widely in the United States to express gratitude to the military for defending personal freedoms.

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Freedom of assembly

Freedom of assembly, sometimes used interchangeably with the freedom of association, is the individual right or ability of people to come together and collectively express, promote, pursue, and defend their collective or shared ideas.

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Freedom of association

Freedom of association encompasses both an individual's right to join or leave groups voluntarily, the right of the group to take collective action to pursue the interests of its members, and the right of an association to accept or decline membership based on certain criteria.

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Freedom of speech by country

Freedom of speech is the concept of the inherent human right to voice one's opinion publicly without fear of censorship or punishment.

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Freedom Socialist Party

The Freedom Socialist Party is a far-left socialist political party with a revolutionary feminist philosophy that emerged from a split in the United States Socialist Workers Party in 1966.

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Fundamental rights in India

Fundamental Rights are the basic rights of the common people and inalienable rights of the people who enjoy it under the charter of rights contained in Part III(Article 12 to 35) of Constitution of India.

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Gabriel Over the White House

Gabriel Over the White House is a 1933 American pre-Code film starring Walter Huston that has been described as a "bizarre political fantasy"Clute and Grant, 380 and which "posits a favorable view of fascism." The movie was directed by Gregory La Cava, produced by Walter Wanger and written by Carey Wilson based upon the novel Rinehard by Thomas Frederic Tweed, who did not receive screen credit (the film's opening credits say "based on the anonymous novel, Gabriel Over the White House") and received the financial backing and creative input of William Randolph Hearst.

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Gang injunction

A gang injunction is a type of restraining order issued by courts in the United States prohibiting gang members in particular cities from participating in certain specified activities.

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Gary Johnson presidential campaign, 2012

The 2012 presidential campaign of Gary Johnson, the 29th Governor of New Mexico, was announced on April 21, 2011.

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Gautam Navlakha

Gautam Navlakha is a civil liberties, democratic, and human rights activist; and a journalist.

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Gene Methvin

Eugene Hilburn "Gene" Methvin (September 19, 1934 – January 19, 2012) was an American pilot, journalist, and senior editor for the Reader's Digest Washington, D.C., bureau.

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Genealogical Claims of Jaffna

The researcher into genealogy in Sri Lanka, (as in the rest of the Indian subcontinent) faces a significant problem due to the lack of reliable source material.

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George Carlin

George Denis Patrick Carlin (May 12, 1937 – June 22, 2008) was an American stand-up comedian, actor, author, and social critic.

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George F. Cotterill

George Fletcher Cotterill (18 November 1865 – 13 October 1958), born in Oxford, England, was an American civil servant and politician.

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George Georges

George Georges (born George Georgouras; 15 April 1920 – 23 September 2002) was a Labor senator for Queensland from 1968 to 1986.

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Gerald Burton Winrod

Gerald Burton Winrod (March 7, 1900 – November 11, 1957) was a pro-Nazi and antisemitic evangelist, author, and political activist.

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German presidential election, 1932

The 1932 German presidential elections were held on 13 March (first round) and 10 April (second round run-off).

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Ghazala K. Salam

Ghazala K. Salam is an Indian born American Muslim activist and philanthropist.

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Giuliani Partners

Giuliani Partners LLC is a management consulting and security consulting business founded by former New York City Mayor Rudolph Giuliani in January 2002.

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Glossary of philosophy

A glossary of terms used in philosophy.

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Goa liberation movement

The Goa liberation movement was a movement which sought to end Portuguese colonial rule in Goa, India.

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Goa Special Status

Special Status for Goa is a concept to make Goa as a separate entity from India.

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Goodbye (2011 film)

Goodbye (به امید دیدار, translit. Be omid e didār) is a 2011 Iranian drama film.

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Google Desktop

Google Desktop is a computer program with desktop search capabilities, created by Google for Linux, Apple Mac OS X, and Microsoft Windows systems.

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Gordon Vuong

Gordon Vuong (born 1989) is a Chinese-Australian serving a 13-year sentence in Cambodia for attempting to smuggle 2.1 kg of heroin concealed on his body from Phnom Penh to Australia.

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Government

A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, often a state.

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Granville Sharp

Granville Sharp (10 November 1735 – 6 July 1813) was one of the first English campaigners for the abolition of the slave trade.

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Greater Germanic Reich

The Greater Germanic Reich (Großgermanisches Reich), fully styled the Greater Germanic Reich of the German Nation (Großgermanisch Reich der Deutschen Nation) is the official state name of the political entity that Nazi Germany tried to establish in Europe during World War II.

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Greece

No description.

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Greek military junta of 1967–1974

The Greek military junta of 1967–1974, commonly known as the Regime of the Colonels (καθεστώς των Συνταγματαρχών), or in Greece simply The Junta (or; Χούντα), The Dictatorship (Η Δικτατορία) and The Seven Years (Η Επταετία), was a series of far-right military juntas that ruled Greece following the 1967 Greek coup d'état led by a group of colonels on 21 April 1967.

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Green libertarianism

Green libertarianism (also known as eco-libertarianism) is a hybrid political philosophy that has developed in the United States.

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Green Party (Brazil)

The Brazilian Green Party (Partido Verde, PV) was constituted after the military dictatorship period and, like other Green Parties around the world, is committed to establishing a set of policies on ensuring social-equity and sustainable development.

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Green Party (Sweden)

The Green Party (Miljöpartiet de gröna, literally "Environment Party the Greens", commonly referred to in Swedish as "Miljöpartiet" or MP) is a political party in Sweden based upon green politics.

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Green Party of England and Wales

The Green Party of England and Wales (GPEW; Plaid Werdd Cymru a Lloegr) is a green, left-wing political party in England and Wales.

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Green politics

Green politics (also known as ecopolitics) is a political ideology that aims to create an ecologically sustainable society rooted in environmentalism, nonviolence, social justice and grassroots democracy.

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Group for Social Dialogue

The Group for Social Dialogue (Grupul pentru Dialog Social, GDS) is a Romanian non-governmental organization whose stated mission is to protect and promote democracy, human rights and civil liberties.

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Growth of Pedro II of Brazil

In the life of Pedro II of Brazil, growth in both his personal and public roles took place in the decade beginning in 1853.

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Guidance Patrol

Guidance Patrol (گشت ارشاد, gašt-e eršād; also known as morality police) is a kind of vice squad in the Law Enforcement Force of Islamic Republic of Iran, established in 2005 with the task to arrest mostly women (but also some men) who deem improperly dressed according to the dress code.

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Gyanodaya Bal Batika School

Gyanodaya Bal Batika School is a school in Bungmati/Khokana, Lalitpur, Nepal It was established in 1975 A.D in memory of Gyan Bahadur Yakthumba.

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H. B. Higgins

Henry Bournes Higgins KC (30 June 1851 – 13 January 1929), known by his initials, was an Australian lawyer, politician, and judge.

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Hallucinogen

A hallucinogen is a psychoactive agent which can cause hallucinations, perceptual anomalies, and other substantial subjective changes in thoughts, emotion, and consciousness.

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Haltemprice and Howden (UK Parliament constituency)

Haltemprice and Howden is a constituency in the East Riding of Yorkshire represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 1997 by David Davis, a Conservative and current Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union.

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Haltemprice and Howden by-election, 2008

The 2008 Haltemprice and Howden by-election was a by-election held in the United Kingdom on 10 July 2008 to elect a new Member of Parliament (MP) for constituency of Haltemprice and Howden.

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Hamlet 2

Hamlet 2 is a 2008 American comedy film directed by Andrew Fleming, written by Fleming and Pam Brady, and starring Steve Coogan, Catherine Keener, Amy Poehler, and David Arquette.

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Handley Page Hampden

The Handley Page HP.52 Hampden was a British twin-engine medium bomber of the Royal Air Force (RAF).

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Harare Declaration

The Harare Commonwealth Declaration was a declaration of the Commonwealth of Nations, setting out the Commonwealth's core principles and values, detailing the Commonwealth's membership criteria, and redefining and reinforcing its purpose.

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Harold Hanson

Harold Joseph Hanson (9 August 1904 – 17 February 1973) was an eminent South African advocate (QC) and Senior Member of the Johannesburg Bar Council.

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Harold L. Ickes

Harold LeClair Ickes (March 15, 1874 – February 3, 1952) was an American administrator and politician.

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Harold Williams (linguist)

Harold Whitmore Williams (6 April 1876 – 18 November 1928) was a New Zealand journalist, foreign editor of The Times and polyglot who is considered to have been one of the most accomplished polyglots in history.

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Harry P. Cain

Harry Pulliam Cain (January 10, 1906 – March 3, 1979) was a United States Senator from Washington who served as a Republican from 1946 to 1953.

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Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review

The Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review is a student-run law review published by Harvard Law School.

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Harvey Silverglate

Harvey Allen Silverglate (born May 10, 1942) is an attorney in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Health insurance mandate

A health insurance mandate is either an employer or individual mandate to obtain private health insurance instead of (or in addition to) a national health insurance plan.

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Heidi Boghosian

Heidi Boghosian, a lawyer, is the executive director of the A.J. Muste Memorial Institute.

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Helen Lehman Buttenwieser

Helen Lehman Buttenwieser (October 8, 1905 – November 22, 1989) was a 20th-century American lawyer, philanthropist, and later-life legal counselor of Alger Hiss.

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Henri Capitant

Henri Capitant (1865–1937) was a French jurist.

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Henry Jackson Society

The Henry Jackson Society is a neoconservative British foreign policy think tank.

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Henry W. Sawyer

Henry Washington Sawyer III (December 23, 1918 – July 31, 1999) was an American lawyer, civil rights activist, and Democratic politician.

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Henry Watkins Allen

Henry Watkins Allen (April 29, 1820April 22, 1866) was an American soldier and politician.

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Hijab by country

The word hijab refers to both the head-covering traditionally worn by some Muslim women and Islamic styles of dress in general.

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Hilbert Philip Zarky

Hilbert Philip Zarky (1912–1989) was a prominent tax attorney, first for the United States Department of Justice and then in the private sector; he also was a significant contributor to civil liberties litigation.

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Hillary Clinton

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is an American politician and diplomat who served as the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013, and the Democratic Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election.

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Hindu revolution

The Hindu Revolution (Hindi: Hindu Kranti or Dharma Kranti) is a term in Hindu nationalism referring to a sociopolitical movement aiming to overthrow the secular Republic of India and replace it with a Hindu State (Hindu Rajya or Rashtra).

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Historian

A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past, and is regarded as an authority on it.

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Historiography

Historiography is the study of the methods of historians in developing history as an academic discipline, and by extension is any body of historical work on a particular subject.

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Historiography of the United Kingdom

The Historiography of the United Kingdom includes the historical and archival research and writing on the history of the United Kingdom, Great Britain, England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales.

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History Commons

The History Commons is a web site and organization that documents events and issues of great social and political significance, focusing primarily on events and issues from the 1970s to the present day.

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History of Banbury

Banbury is a circa 1,500-year-old market town and civil parish on the River Cherwell in the Cherwell District of Oxfordshire, England.

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History of birth control

The history of birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, refers to the methods or devices that have been historically used to prevent pregnancy.

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History of Chile

The territory of Chile has been populated since at least 3000 BC.

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History of Egypt

The history of Egypt has been long and rich, due to the flow of the Nile River with its fertile banks and delta, as well as the accomplishments of Egypt's native inhabitants and outside influence.

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History of Jordan

History of Jordan refers to the history of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the background period of the Emirate of Transjordan under British protectorate as well as the general history of the region of Transjordan.

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History of Malaysia

Malaysia is a Southeast Asian country located on a strategic sea-lane that exposes it to global trade and foreign culture.

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History of Niger

This is the history of Niger.

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History of Omaha, Nebraska

The history of Omaha, Nebraska began before the settlement of the city, with speculators from neighboring Council Bluffs, Iowa staking land across the Missouri River illegally as early as the 1840s.

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History of Paraguay

The history of Paraguay is a result of development and interaction of varying cultures of indigenous peoples in Paraguay and overseas immigrants who together have created the modern-day Paraguay.

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History of Slovakia

This article discusses the history of the territory of Slovakia.

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History of the Netherlands

The history of the Netherlands is the history of seafaring people thriving on a lowland river delta on the North Sea in northwestern Europe.

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History of the Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire was founded by Osman I. As sultan Mehmed II conquered Constantinople (today named Istanbul) in 1453, the state grew into a mighty empire.

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History of the Patriot Act

The history of the USA PATRIOT Act involved many parties who opposed and supported the legislation, which was proposed, enacted and signed into law 45 days after the September 11 terrorist attacks in 2001.

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History of the Republic of India

The history of the Republic of India begins on 26 January 1950.

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History of the United States (1789–1849)

George Washington, elected the first president in 1789, set up a cabinet form of government, with departments of State, Treasury, and War, along with an Attorney General (the Justice Department was created in 1870).

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History of the United States Democratic Party

The Democratic Party is the oldest voter-based political party in the world and the oldest existing political party in the United States, tracing its heritage back to the anti-Federalists and the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republican Party of the 1790s.

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Hodge Jones & Allen

Hodge Jones & Allen is a London solicitors founded in September 1977 by Henry Hodge, Peter Jones, and Patrick Allen, initially specialising in legal aid work and favouring radical causes.

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Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day

Establishment Day, formally the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day, is celebrated annually on 1 July in Hong Kong since 1997.

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Honolulu

Honolulu is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaiokinai.

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Howard Zinn

Howard Zinn (August 24, 1922January 27, 2010) was an American historian, playwright, and social activist.

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Hugh Segal

Hugh Segal, (born October 13, 1950) is a Canadian political strategist, author, commentator, academic and former senator.

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Hugo Gutierrez Jr.

Hugo Gutierrez Jr. (January 29, 1927 – June 12, 2013) was a Filipino jurist and civil liberties advocate.

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Human Rights Act 1998

The Human Rights Act 1998 (c42) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which received Royal Assent on 9 November 1998, and mostly came into force on 2 October 2000.

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Human rights in Algeria

Algerian president Abdelaziz Bouteflika, who has been in power since 1999, lifted a state of emergency in early 2011 and human rights have improved over the last few years.

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Human rights in Benin

The human-rights situation in Benin is considered to be generally above average for sub-Saharan Africa.

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Human rights in Botswana

Human rights in Botswana are protected under the constitution.

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Human rights in Burkina Faso

Human rights in Burkina Faso are addressed in the constitution.

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Human rights in Burundi

Burundi is governed as a presidential representative democratic republic, with an estimated population of 10,557,259.

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Human rights in Cameroon

Human rights in Cameroon are addressed in the constitution.

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Human rights in Cape Verde

Human rights in Cape Verde are addressed under the national constitution.

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Human rights in Chad

Human rights in Chad have been described as "poor"; for example, Freedom House has designated the country as "Not Free." Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2006.

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Human rights in Cuba

Human rights in Cuba are under the scrutiny of human rights organizations, who accuse the Cuban government of systematic human rights abuses, including arbitrary imprisonment and unfair trials.

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Human rights in Djibouti

The issue of human rights in Djibouti, a small country situated within the Horn of Africa, is a matter of concern for several human rights organizations.

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Human rights in Egypt

Most sources agree that Egypt is a gross violator of human rights.

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Human rights in Equatorial Guinea

Equatorial Guinea is known for human rights abuses.

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Human rights in Eritrea

Human rights in Eritrea are viewed by certain non-governmental organisations (NGOs) such as Human Rights Watch as among the worst in the world, particularly with regards to freedom of the press.

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Human rights in Estonia

Human rights in Estonia are acknowledged as generally respected by the government, while there are concerns in some areas, such as detention conditions, police use of force, and child abuse.

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Human rights in Ethiopia

According to the U.S. Department of State's human rights report for 2004 and similar sources, the Ethiopian government's human rights "remained poor; although there were improvements, serious problems remained".

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Human rights in Germany

Human rights in Germany are extensively Grundgesetz-protected.

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Human rights in Ghana

Human rights are "rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled".

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Human rights in Guinea

Human rights in Guinea, a nation of approximately 10,069,000 people in West Africa, are a contentious issue.

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Human rights in Hong Kong

Human rights protection is enshrined in the Basic Law and its Bill of Rights Ordinance (Cap.383).

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Human rights in Israel

Human rights in Israel refers to the human rights record of the State of Israel as evaluated by intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and human rights activists, often in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, the wider Arab–Israeli conflict and Israel internal politics.

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Human rights in Kenya

Human rights in Kenya internationally maintain a variety of mixed opinions; specifically, political freedoms are highlighted as being poor and homosexuality remains a crime.

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Human rights in Latvia

Human rights in Latvia are generally respected by the government, according to the US Department of State and Freedom House.

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Human rights in Lesotho

Human rights in Lesotho, a nation of 2,067,000 people completely surrounded by South Africa, is a contentious issue.

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Human rights in Liberia

Human rights in Liberia became a focus of international attention when the country's president, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, was named one of the three female co-winners of the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize, all of whom were cited "for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women's rights to full participation in peace-building work".

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Human rights in Libya

Human rights in Libya is the record of human rights upheld and violated in various stages of Libya's history.

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Human rights in Madagascar

Human rights in Madagascar are protected under the country's constitution.

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Human rights in Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a constitutional parliamentary democracy with an estimated population of 6,187,591.

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Human rights in Russia

As a successor to the Soviet Union the Russian Federation remains bound by such human rights instruments, adopted by the USSR, as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (fully).

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Human rights in Switzerland

Human rights are comprehensively guaranteed in Switzerland, one of Europe's oldest democracies.

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Human rights in the Central African Republic

The Central African Republic, which the United Nations High Commissioner has described as undergoing "the most neglected crisis in the world", has an extremely poor human rights record.

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Human rights in the Comoros

Historically, Comoros has had a relatively poor human rights record.

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Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

In all areas of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the human rights record remained considerably poor, and numerous serious abuses were committed.

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Human rights in the Maldives

Human rights in the Maldives, an archipelagic nation of 417,000 people off the coast of the Indian Subcontinent, is a contentious issue.

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Human rights in the Netherlands

Human rights in the Netherlands are codified in the Dutch constitution.

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Human rights in the Republic of the Congo

The Republic of Congo gained independence from French Equatorial Africa in 1960.

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Human rights in the Soviet Union

Human rights in the Soviet Union were severely limited and the entire population was mobilized in support of the state ideology and policies.

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Human rights in the United Kingdom

Human rights in the United Kingdom are set out in common law, with its strongest roots being in the English Bill of Rights 1689 and Scottish Claim of Right Act 1689, as well as legislation of European institutions: the EU and the European Court of Human Rights.

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Human rights in the United States

Human rights in the United States comprise and very focused of a series of rights which are legally protected by the Constitution of the United States, including the amendments, state constitutions, conferred by treaty and customary international law, and enacted legislatively through Congress, state legislatures, and state referenda and citizen's initiatives.

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Human rights in Transnistria

The state of affairs with human rights in Transnistria has been criticized by several governments and international organizations.

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Human trafficking in the Dominican Republic

Human trafficking in the Dominican Republic is the third largest international crime enterprise in the Caribbean, generating 9.5 billion U.S, dollars annually.

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I. F. Stone

Isidor Feinstein Stone (December 24, 1907 – June 18, 1989), better known as I. F. Stone, was a politically radical American investigative journalist and writer.

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Ian Barker (barrister)

Ian McClelland Barker (born 21 October 1935) is an Australian barrister and Queen's Counsel.

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Identity document

An identity document (also called a piece of identification or ID, or colloquially as papers) is any document which may be used to prove a person's identity.

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Illiberal democracy

An illiberal democracy, also called a partial democracy, low intensity democracy, empty democracy, or hybrid regime, is a governing system in which, although elections take place, citizens are cut off from knowledge about the activities of those who exercise real power because of the lack of civil liberties.

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Imminent Threat

Imminent Threat, directed by Janek Ambros, is a 2015 documentary film about the War on Terror's impact on civil liberties as well as the potential coalition that may form between the progressive left and libertarian right.

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Imperium Europa

Imperium Europa (Latin for "Empire Europe") is a far-right Maltese political party, founded in 2000 by Norman Lowell, who is also its leader.

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In Defense of Internment

In Defense of Internment: The Case for 'Racial Profiling' in World War II and the War on Terror is a 2004 investigative book written by conservative American political commentator Michelle Malkin.

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In loco parentis

The term in loco parentis, Latin for "in the place of a parent" refers to the legal responsibility of a person or organization to take on some of the functions and responsibilities of a parent.

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In re Guardianship of Kowalski

In re Guardianship of Kowalski, 478 N.W.2d 790 (Minn. Ct. App. 1991), is a Minnesota Court of Appeals case that established a lesbian's partner as her legal guardian after Sharon Kowalski became incapacitated following an automobile accident.

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Index of Freedom in the World

The Index of Freedom in the World is an index of civil liberties published in late 2012 by Canada's Fraser Institute, Germany's Liberales Institut, and the U.S. Cato Institute.

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Index of law articles

This collection of lists of law topics collects the names of topics related to law.

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Index of philosophy articles (A–C)

No description.

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Index of politics articles

This is a list of political topics, including political science terms, political philosophies, political issues, etc.

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Index of social and political philosophy articles

Articles in social and political philosophy include.

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Indian independence movement

The Indian independence movement encompassed activities and ideas aiming to end the East India Company rule (1757–1857) and the British Indian Empire (1857–1947) in the Indian subcontinent.

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Individualism

Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, or social outlook that emphasizes the moral worth of the individual.

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Inquiry (magazine)

Inquiry Magazine, sometimes titled Inquiry: A Libertarian Review, was a libertarian magazine published from November 1977 to 1984.

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Institutional racism

Institutional racism (also known as institutionalized racism) is a form of racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions.

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Intellectual freedom

Intellectual freedom encompasses the freedom to hold, receive and disseminate ideas without restriction.

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Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act

The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (IRTPA) is a 235-page Act of Congress, signed by President George W. Bush, that broadly affects United States federal terrorism laws.

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Intercollegiate League for Industrial Democracy

The Intercollegiate League for Industrial Democracy (known from 1933 as the Student League for Industrial Democracy) was the official youth section of the League for Industrial Democracy and a de facto junior section of the Socialist Party of America during the 1920s and the first half of the 1930s.

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Intercollegiate Studies Institute

The Intercollegiate Studies Institute, Inc.

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Internal passport

An internal passport is an identity document.

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International Committee for Prostitutes' Rights

The International Committee for Prostitutes' Rights (ICPR) emerged from the prostitutes' rights movement starting in the mid-1970s.

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International Foundation for Civil Liberties

The International Foundation for Civil Liberties is a non-profit organization established by the Russian-British oligarch Boris Berezovsky in November 2000.

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International Network of Civil Liberties Organizations

The International Network of Civil Liberties Organizations is an umbrella organisation for national and other civil liberties organisations, founded in October 2013.

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International rankings of Bahrain

These are the international rankings of Bahrain.

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International rankings of New Zealand

This is a list of New Zealand's international rankings on a range of social, economic and other criteria.

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Internet censorship and surveillance by country

This list of Internet censorship and surveillance by country provides information on the types and levels of Internet censorship and surveillance that is occurring in countries around the world.

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Internet censorship in the United Kingdom

Internet censorship in the United Kingdom is conducted under a variety of laws, judicial processes, administrative regulations and voluntary arrangements.

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Internet pornography

Internet pornography is any pornography that is accessible over the Internet, primarily via websites, peer-to-peer file sharing, or Usenet newsgroups.

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Internet privacy

Internet privacy involves the right or mandate of personal privacy concerning the storing, repurposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via of the Internet.

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Ira Gollobin

Ira Gollobin (July 18, 1911 – April 4, 2008) was a renowned civil rights and immigration attorney who was involved for over seven decades in many high-profile civil liberties, immigration, and extradition cases.

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Irish Council for Civil Liberties

The Irish Council for Civil Liberties (An Chomhairle um Chearta Daonna) is an Irish non-profit organisation dedicated to supporting the civil liberties and human rights of people in Ireland.

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Iron cage

In sociology, the iron cage is a term coined by Max Weber for the increased rationalization inherent in social life, particularly in Western capitalist societies.

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Irreligion in Mexico

Irreligion in Mexico refers to atheism, deism, religious skepticism, secularism, and secular humanism in Mexican society, which was a confessional state after independence from Imperial Spain.

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Irving Adler

Irving Adler (April 27, 1913 – September 22, 2012) was an author, mathematician, scientist, political activist and educator.

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Irving Louis Horowitz

Irving Louis Horowitz (September 25, 1929 – March 21, 2012) was an American sociologist, author and college professor who wrote and lectured extensively in his field.

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Islam and clothing

Islam says that the believing women should lower their gaze, guard their modesty, not display their beauty and ornaments except what (must ordinarily) appear thereof; that they should draw their veils over their bosoms and not display their beauty except to their husbands, their fathers, their husband's fathers, their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers or their brothers' sons, or their sisters' sons, or their women, Foster brother, and that they should not strike their feet in order to draw attention to their hidden ornaments.

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Islamic democracy

Islamic democracy is a political ideology that seeks to apply Islamic principles to public policy within a democratic framework.

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Islamic dress in Europe

Islamic dress in Europe, especially the variety of headdresses worn by Muslim women, has become a prominent symbol of the presence of Islam in western Europe.

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Islamophobia in the United States

Islamophobia in the United States can be described as the unvalidated, highly speculative, affective distrust and hostility towards Muslims, Islam, and those perceived as following the religion and or appear as members of the religion and its associative groups.

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Istanbul Pride

Gay Pride Istanbul (Onur Yürüyüşü) is a gay pride march and LGBT demonstration held annually in Turkey's biggest city, Istanbul.

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Ivan Eland

Ivan Eland (born February 23, 1958) is an American defense analyst and author.

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J. Mahlon Barnes

John Mahlon Barnes (1866–1934) was an American trade union functionary and socialist political activist.

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Jacob A. Marinsky

Jacob Akiba Marinsky (April 11, 1918 – September 1, 2005) was a chemist who was the co-discoverer of the element promethium.

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Jacobson v. United States

Jacobson v. United States, 503 U.S. 540 (1992), is a case decided by the United States Supreme Court regarding the criminal procedure topic of entrapment.

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JAM Yojana

JAM (short for Jan Dhan-Aadhaar-Mobile) trinity refers to the government of India initiative to link Jan Dhan accounts, Mobile numbers and Aadhar cards of Indians to plug the leakages of government subsidies.

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Jameel Jaffer

Jameel Jaffer is a human rights and civil liberties attorney and the inaugural director of the Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University, which was created to defend the freedoms of speech and the press in the digital age.

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James A. Dombrowski

James Anderson Dombrowski (January 17, 1897 - May 2, 1983) was a southern white Methodist minister and intellectual who was active in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s.

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James Atkin, Baron Atkin

James Richard Atkin, Baron Atkin, PC, FBA (28 November 1867 – 25 June 1944), known as Dick Atkin, was a lawyer and judge of Irish, Welsh and Australian origin, who practised in England and Wales.

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James Blair (MP)

James Blair (1788 – 9 September 1841) was a Scots-Irish owner of plantations in the West Indies.

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James Clark McReynolds

James Clark McReynolds (February 3, 1862 – August 24, 1946) was an American lawyer and judge who served as United States Attorney General under President Woodrow Wilson and as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court.

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James Harden Daugherty

James Harden Daugherty served in the only African-American infantry division to see action in Europe during World War II during the 92nd's Italian Campaign.

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Jamestown Foundation

The Jamestown Foundation is a Washington, D.C.-based institute for research and analysis, founded in 1984 as a platform to support Soviet defectors.

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Jan Myrdal

Jan Myrdal (born 19 July 1927 in Bromma, Stockholm) is a Swedish author, leftist-political writer and columnist.

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Jayhawker

Jayhawkers and red legs are terms that came to prominence just before the American Civil War in Bleeding Kansas, where they were adopted by militant bands affiliated with the free-state cause during the American Civil War, a freedom fighting movement against slavery and in favor of individual liberty.

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Jefferson School of Social Science

The Jefferson School of Social Science was an adult education institution of the Communist Party USA located in New York City.

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Jeffersonian democracy

Jeffersonian democracy, named after its advocate Thomas Jefferson, was one of two dominant political outlooks and movements in the United States from the 1790s to the 1820s.

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Jerry Was a Man

"Jerry Was a Man" (1947) is a short story by Robert A. Heinlein.

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Jesús Gil

Gregorio Jesús Gil y Gil (12 March 1933 – 14 May 2004) was a Spanish businessman and politician.

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Jim Crow laws

Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

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Jim Steyer

James Pearson Steyer (born 1956) is an American child advocate, civil rights attorney, professor and author.

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Jo Freeman

Jo Freeman (born August 26, 1945) is an American feminist, political scientist, writer and attorney.

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Joel Parker

Joel Parker (November 24, 1816January 2, 1888) was an American Democratic Party politician, who served as the 20th Governor of New Jersey from 1863 to 1866, and again from 1872 to 1875.

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Joel Sheltrown

Joel Sheltrown (born 1947) is a Democratic politician from the state of Michigan.

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Joh Bjelke-Petersen

Sir Johannes Bjelke-Petersen, (13 January 191123 April 2005) was an Australian politician.

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John Chafee

John Lester Hubbard Chafee (October 22, 1922 – October 24, 1999) was an American politician.

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John de León

John de Leon (born February 14, 1962 in Miami, Florida) is a retired Cuban-American attorney known for his work on immigration and civil rights issues.

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John Diefenbaker

John George Diefenbaker (September 18, 1895 – August 16, 1979) was the 13th Prime Minister of Canada, serving from June 21, 1957 to April 22, 1963.

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John H. Pickering

John Harold Pickering (February 27, 1916 – March 19, 2005) was a founding partner of Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering, which became one of Washington, D.C.'s most prominent law firms.

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John Lindsay

John Vliet Lindsay (November 24, 1921 – December 19, 2000) was an American politician, lawyer, and broadcaster.

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John Monson, 11th Baron Monson

John Monson, 11th Baron Monson (3 May 1932 – 12 February 2011) was a British hereditary peer and crossbench member of the House of Lords.

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John Stossel

John Frank Stossel (born March 6, 1947) is an American consumer television personality, author, and libertarian pundit, known for his career on both ABC News and Fox Business Channel.

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John Tye (whistleblower)

John Napier Tye (born c. 1976) is a former official of the U.S. State Department who came forward in 2014 as a whistleblower seeking to publicize certain electronic surveillance practices of the U.S. government under Executive Order 12333.

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Jonathan Mann (WHO official)

Jonathan Max Mann (July 30, 1947 – September 2, 1998) was an American physician who was an administrator for the World Health Organization, and spearheaded early AIDS research in the 1980s.

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Jordan Page

Jordan Page (born June 13, 1979) is an American singer-songwriter and musician.

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Joseph L. Rauh Jr.

Joseph Louis Rauh, Jr. (January 3, 1911 – September 3, 1992) was one of the United States' foremost civil rights and civil liberties lawyers.

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Joseph Muscat

Joseph Muscat (born January 22, 1974) is a Maltese politician who has served as Prime Minister of Malta since 2013, and Leader of the Partit Laburista (PL) since June 2008.

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Judi Chamberlin

Judi Chamberlin (née Rosenberg; October 30, 1944 – January 16, 2010) was an American activist, leader, organizer, public speaker and educator in the psychiatric survivors movement.

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Judith Kaye

Judith Ann Kaye (née Smith; August 4, 1938 – January 7, 2016) was an American lawyer, jurist and the longtime Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals, serving in that position from March 23, 1993 until December 31, 2008.

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Jury trial

A jury trial, or trial by jury, is a lawful proceeding in which a jury makes a decision or findings of fact.

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K. G. Kannabiran

K G Kannabiran was a human rights activist and a lawyer of the Andhra Pradesh High Court in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh (AP).

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Katie Sierra suspension controversy

The Katie Sierra suspension controversy began in October 2001 when high school student Katie Sierra was suspended from Sissonville High School for her activism in opposition to the bombing of Afghanistan.

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Kārlis Ulmanis

Kārlis Augusts Vilhelms Ulmanis (September 4, 1877 in Bērze, Bērze Parish, Courland Governorate, Russian Empire – September 20, 1942 in Krasnovodsk prison, Soviet Union, now Türkmenbaşy, Turkmenistan) was one of the most prominent Latvian politicians of pre-World War II Latvia during the interwar period of independence from November 1918 to June 1940.

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Kevin Gosztola

Kevin Gosztola is an American journalist, author, and documentary filmmaker known for work on whistleblowers, Wikileaks, national security, secrecy, civil liberties, and digital freedom.

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Khawar Rizvi

Khawar Rizvi (1 June 1938 – 15 November 1981) was a prominent poet of Urdu and Persian.

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King David Hotel bombing

The King David Hotel bombing was a terrorist attack carried out on Monday, July 22, 1946, by the militant right-wing Zionist underground organization the Irgun on the British administrative headquarters for Palestine, which was housed in the southern wing of the King David Hotel in Jerusalem.

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Kościuszko Uprising

The Kościuszko Uprising was an uprising against Imperial Russia and the Kingdom of Prussia led by Tadeusz Kościuszko in the Commonwealth of Poland and the Prussian partition in 1794.

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Kortney Ryan Ziegler

Kortney Ryan Ziegler (born December 15, 1980) is an American filmmaker, visual artist, blogger, writer, and scholar based in Oakland, California.

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Kuwait

Kuwait (الكويت, or), officially the State of Kuwait (دولة الكويت), is a country in Western Asia.

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Kyle Broflovski

Kyle Broflovski (sometimes spelled Kyel Broflovski, Broslovski, Broslofski, Brovlofski or Broflofski) is a main character in the animated television series South Park.

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Lahore Marathon

The Lahore Marathon is an annual road marathon held in Lahore, Pakistan on 2005, 2006, and 2012.

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Later life of Winston Churchill

After the end of the World War II, Winston Churchill's Conservative Party lost the 1945 election, forcing him to step down as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

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Laura DeNardis

Laura DeNardis is an American author and a globally recognized scholar of Internet governance and technical infrastructure.

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Law

Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior.

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Law enforcement in the United States

Law enforcement in the United States is one of three major components of the criminal justice system of the United States, along with courts and corrections.

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Law of Iraq

The Republic of Iraq's legal system is in a period of transition in light of the 2003 invasion that led to the fall of the Baath Party.

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Law of the Soviet Union

The Law of the Soviet Union was the law as it developed in the Soviet Union (USSR) following the October Revolution of 1917.

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Lawrence Wright

Lawrence Wright (born August 2, 1947) is an American author, screenwriter, staff writer for The New Yorker magazine, and fellow at the Center for Law and Security at the New York University School of Law.

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Lazarus Long

Lazarus Long is a fictional character featured in a number of science fiction novels by Robert A. Heinlein.

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League for Independent Political Action

The League for Independent Political Action (LIPA) was an American political organization established in late November or early December 1928 in New York City.

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Learned Hand

Billings Learned Hand (January 27, 1872 – August 18, 1961) was an American judge and judicial philosopher.

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Left-libertarianism

Left-libertarianism (or left-wing libertarianism) names several related, but distinct approaches to political and social theory which stress both individual freedom and social equality.

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Left-wing market anarchism

Left-wing market anarchism, a form of left-libertarianism, individualist anarchism and libertarian socialism, is associated with contemporary scholars such as Kevin Carson, Roderick T. Long, Charles Johnson, Brad Spangler, Sheldon Richman,Sheldon Richman (3 February 2011).

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Legal disputes over the Harry Potter series

Since first coming to wide notice in the late 1990s, the Harry Potter book series by J. K. Rowling has engendered a number of legal disputes.

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Legal Marijuana Now Party

Legal Marijuana Now is a political third party in the United States established in 1998 to oppose drug prohibition.

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Leonard Bernstein

Leonard Bernstein (August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American composer, conductor, author, music lecturer, and pianist.

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Leonard Boudin

Leonard B. Boudin (July 20, 1912 – November 24, 1989) was an American civil liberties attorney and left-wing activist who represented Daniel Ellsberg of Pentagon Papers fame and Dr.

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Lesotho

Lesotho officially the Kingdom of Lesotho ('Muso oa Lesotho), is an enclaved country in southern Africa.

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Levi Olan

Levi Arthur Olan (March 22, 1903 – October 17, 1984) was an American Reform Jewish rabbi, liberal social activist, author, and professor.

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LGBT rights in France

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) rights in France have been seen as traditionally liberal.

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Liberal Alternative

The Liberal Alternative (Alternative Libérale or AL) is a French political party created on March 1, 2006.

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Liberal conservatism

Liberal conservatism is a political ideology combining conservative policies with liberal stances, especially on ethical and social issues, or a brand of political conservatism strongly influenced by liberalism.

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Liberal democracy

Liberal democracy is a liberal political ideology and a form of government in which representative democracy operates under the principles of classical liberalism.

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Liberal Democrats (UK)

The Liberal Democrats (often referred to as Lib Dems) are a liberal British political party, formed in 1988 as a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a splinter group from the Labour Party, which had formed the SDP–Liberal Alliance from 1981.

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Liberal Libertarian Party

The Liberal Libertarian Party (Partido Liberal Libertario) is a political party from Argentina founded in 2009.

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Liberal paradox

The liberal paradox, also Sen paradox or Sen's paradox, is a logical paradox discovered by Amartya Sen which purports to show that no social system can simultaneously.

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Liberal Party (Iceland)

The Liberal Party (Frjálslyndi flokkurinn) was a liberal political party in Iceland.

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Liberal Party (Norway)

The Liberal Party (Venstre, V, meaning "left") is a liberal and social-liberal political party in Norway.

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Liberales

Liberales is an independent liberal think tank (some tend to call Liberales left-liberal), located in Ghent, Flanders, Belgium.

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Liberalism

Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on liberty and equality.

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Liberalism in Austria

This article gives an overview of liberalism in Austria.

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Liberalism in Canada

Liberalism has been a major trend in Canadian politics since the late 18th century.

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Liberalism in Hong Kong

Liberalism has a long tradition in Hong Kong as an economic philosophy and has become a major political trend since the 1980s, often represented the pro-democracy camp, apart from Chinese nationalism and conservatism which often constitutes the pro-Beijing camp.

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Liberalism in Poland

This article gives an overview of liberalism in Poland.

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Liberalism in the United States

Liberalism in the United States is a broad political philosophy centered on what many see as the unalienable rights of the individual.

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Liberalism in Tunisia

Liberalism in Tunisia or Tunisian Liberalism is a school of political ideology that encompasses various political parties in the country.

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Liberian Constitution of 1847

The Liberian Constitution of 1847 was the first constitution of Liberia.

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Libertarian conservatism

Libertarian conservatism is a political philosophy and ideology that combines right-libertarian politics and conservative values.

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Libertarian Party (United States)

The Libertarian Party (LP) is a libertarian political party in the United States that promotes civil liberties, non-interventionism, laissez-faire capitalism and shrinking the size and scope of government.

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Libertarian Party of Illinois

The Libertarian Party of Illinois is the Illinois affiliate of the Libertarian Party.

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Libertarian Party of Mississippi

The Libertarian Party of Mississippi is the Mississippi affiliate of the U.S. Libertarian Party.

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Libertarian socialism

Libertarian socialism (or socialist libertarianism) is a group of anti-authoritarian political philosophies inside the socialist movement that rejects socialism as centralized state ownership and control of the economy.

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Libertarianism in the United States

Libertarianism in the United States is a movement promoting individual liberty and minimized government.

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Libertas Institute (Utah)

The Libertas Institute (LI) is a libertarian think tank located in Lehi, Utah.

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Liberty

Liberty, in politics, consists of the social, political, and economic freedoms to which all community members are entitled.

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Liberty (advocacy group)

Liberty, formerly and still formally called the National Council for Civil Liberties (NCCL), is an advocacy group based in the United Kingdom, which campaigns to protect civil liberties and promote human rights – through the courts, in Parliament and in the wider community.

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Liberty Caucus

The House Liberty Caucus is a congressional caucus consisting of conservative, libertarian, and libertarian conservative Republican members of the United States House of Representatives.

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Lincoln Chafee

Lincoln Davenport Chafee (born March 26, 1953) is an American politician from the state of Rhode Island.

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Lionel Murphy

Lionel Keith Murphy QC (30 August 1922 – 21 October 1986) was an Australian politician and judge.

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Lisa Simeone

Lisa Simeone (born July 11, 1957) is an American freelance radio host and writer.

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List of atheist activists and educators

There have been many atheists who have been active in advocacy or education.

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List of Caprica characters

This article lists fictional characters in the television series Caprica.

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List of civil rights leaders

Civil rights leaders are influential figures in the promotion and implementation of political freedom and the expansion of personal civil liberties and rights.

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List of Columbia Law School alumni

This is a partial list of individuals who have attended Columbia Law School.

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List of Columbia University alumni and attendees

This is a partial list of notable persons who have had ties to Columbia University.

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List of Columbia University people in politics, military and law

This is a partially sorted list of notable persons who have had ties to Columbia University.

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List of dystopian music, TV programs, and games

This is a list of depictions of dystopian themes in music, TV programmes and games, including computer games and role-playing games.

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List of films set in Berlin

Berlin is a major center in the European and German film industry.

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List of forms of government

In democracies, large proportions of the population may vote, either to make decisions or to choose representatives to make decisions.

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List of freedom indices

This article contains a list of freedom indices produced by several non-governmental organizations that publish and maintain assessments of the state of freedom in the world, according to their own various definitions of the term, and rank countries as being free, partly free, or using various measures of freedom, including civil liberties, political rights and economic rights.

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List of Harvard Law School alumni

This is a list of notable alumni of Harvard Law School.

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List of Harvard University people

The list of Harvard University people includes notable graduates, professors, and administrators affiliated with Harvard University.

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List of Ipswich Grammar School Old Boys

Alumni of Ipswich Grammar School in Ipswich, Queensland, Australia are known as 'Old Boys' and automatically gain membership into the schools alumni association, the IGS Old Boys Association (IGSOBA).

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List of liberal theorists

Individual contributors to classical liberalism and political liberalism are associated with philosophers of the Enlightenment.

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List of libertarian political parties

Many countries and subnational political entities have libertarian political parties.

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List of people who have walked across the United States

This is a list of people who have walked across the United States from the east coast to the west coast or vice versa.

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List of Prime Ministers of Portugal

The Prime Minister of the Portuguese Republic (Primeiro-Ministro da República Portuguesa) is the head of the country's Government.

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List of scientific bodies explicitly rejecting intelligent design

This article lists those scientific organisations and other nationally or internationally recognised groups that specifically reject intelligent design as a valid alternative to evolutionary theory.

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List of Upper Canada College alumni

The following is a list of prominent Upper Canada College alumni; many notable men are graduates of the school.

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List of war crimes

This article lists and summarises the war crimes committed since the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 and the crimes against humanity and crimes against peace that have been committed since these crimes were first defined in the Rome Statute.

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List of Yale University people

Yalies are persons affiliated with Yale University, commonly including alumni, current and former faculty members, students, and others.

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Lists of landmark court decisions

Landmark court decisions, in present-day common law legal systems, establish precedents that determine a significant new legal principle or concept, or otherwise substantially affect the interpretation of existing law.

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Litmus (Battlestar Galactica)

"Litmus" is the sixth episode of the reimagined Battlestar Galactica television series.

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Liversidge v Anderson

is a landmark United Kingdom administrative law case which concerned the relationship between the courts and the state, and in particular the assistance that the judiciary should give to the executive in times of national emergency.

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Living Constitution

In United States constitutional interpretation, the living Constitution (or loose constructionism) is the claim that the Constitution has a dynamic meaning or that it has the properties of an animate being in the sense that it changes.

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LIVRE

LIVRE or FREE (also previously known as LIVRE/Tempo de Avançar, FREE/Time to Move On or FREE/Time to Move Forward with the acronym L/TDA), abbreviated as L, is a Portuguese eco-socialist political party founded in 2014.

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Lochner era

The Lochner era is a period in American legal history from 1897 to 1937 in which the Supreme Court of the United States is said to have made it a common practice "to strike down economic regulations adopted by a State based on the Court's own notions of the most appropriate means for the State to implement its considered policies," by using its interpretation of substantive due process to strike down laws held to be infringing on economic liberty or private contract rights.

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Log Cabin Republicans

The Log Cabin Republicans (LCR) is an organization that works within the Republican Party to advocate equal rights for LGBT people in the United States.

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London Letters

The "London Letters" were a series of fifteen articles written by George Orwell when invasion by Nazi Germany seemed imminent, and published in the American left-wing literary magazine Partisan Review.

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Louis B. Boudin

Louis B. Boudin (December 15, 1874 – 1952) was a Russian-born American Marxist theoretician, writer, politician, and lawyer.

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Lousewies van der Laan

Louse Wies Sija Anne Lilly Berthe (Lousewies) van der Laan (born 18 February 1966 in Rotterdam) is a Dutch politician and was the leader of the parliamentary group of the social liberal Democrats 66 (D66) in the House of Representatives for six months in 2006.

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Loz Kaye

Laurence "Loz" Kaye, is a British musician, composer, activist and politician.

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Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu

Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu (November 4, 1900 – April 17, 1954) was a Romanian communist politician and leading member of the Communist Party of Romania (PCR), also noted for his activities as a lawyer, sociologist and economist.

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Maajid Nawaz

Maajid Usman Nawaz (born 2 November 1977) is a British activist and politician.

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Maggie Kuhn

Maggie Kuhn (August 3, 1905 – April 22, 1995) was an American activist known for founding the Gray Panthers movement, after she was forced to retire from her job at the then-mandatory retirement age of 65.

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Mahathir Mohamad

Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad (Jawi:محضير بن محمد; IPA:; born 10 July 1925) is a Malaysian politician currently serving as the Prime Minister of Malaysia for the second time.

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Make Everything Great Again

Make Everything Great Again is a street art mural by artists Dominykas Čečkauskas and Mindaugas Bonanu.

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Malcolm Lafargue

Malcolm Emmett Lafargue (November 4, 1908 – March 28, 1963) was a United States Attorney from Shreveport, Louisiana.

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Malolos Constitution

The Political Constitution of 1899 (Constitución Política de 1899), informally known as the Malolos Constitution, was the basic law of the First Philippine Republic.

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Malta Today

MaltaToday is a twice-weekly English language newspaper published in Malta.

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Manhattan Declaration: A Call of Christian Conscience

The Manhattan Declaration: A Call of Christian Conscience is a manifesto issued by Orthodox, Catholic, and Evangelical Christian leaders to affirm support of "the sanctity of life, traditional marriage, and religious liberty".

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Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), commonly known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who became the founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he ruled as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.

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Mar Roxas

Manuel "Mar" Araneta Roxas II (born May 13, 1957) is a Filipino politician and the grandson of former Philippine President Manuel Roxas.

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Marc Kasky

Marc Kasky (born 1944) is a consumer activist best known for bringing a lawsuit against Nike Inc. in 1998 under a California law against false advertising and unfair competition for their advertising claims about treatment of Chinese, Indonesian and Vietnamese workers at company subcontractors.

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Marcus Einfeld

Marcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission.

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Marcus v. Search Warrant

Marcus v. Search Warrant,, full title Marcus v. Search Warrant of Property at 104 East Tenth Street, Kansas City, Missouri, is an in rem case decided by the United States Supreme Court on the seizure of obscene materials.

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Margaretta D'Arcy

Margaretta Ruth D'Arcy (born 14 June 1934, London) is an Irish actress, writer, playwright, and activist.

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Margia Kramer

Margia Kramer (born 1939) is an American documentary visual artist, writer and activist living in New York.

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Marijke Vos

Maria Bernadina (Marijke) Vos (born 4 May 1957 in Leidschendam) is a Dutch politician.

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Martial law in Poland

Martial law in Poland (Stan wojenny w Polsce) refers to the period of time from December 13, 1981 to July 22, 1983, when the authoritarian communist government of the Polish People's Republic drastically restricted normal life by introducing martial law in an attempt to crush political opposition.

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Martin Chautari

Martin Chautari is non-profit organization of Nepal established to allow development professionals and academics to meet every two weeks to share their insights and experiences about various current social issues.

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Marty Lederman

Martin "Marty" S. Lederman was a Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Department of Justice’s Office of Legal Counsel (OLC), appointed by President Obama in January 2009.

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Mary Marcy

Mary Edna Tobias Marcy (May 8, 1877 – December 8, 1922) was an American socialist author, pamphleteer, poet, and magazine editor.

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Matthew Barnett Robinson

Matthew Barnett Robinson (born 1970 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida) is a Criminologist at Appalachian State University (ASU) in Boone, North Carolina.

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Mau Mau Uprising

The Mau Mau Uprising (1952–1964), also known as the Mau Mau Rebellion, the Kenya Emergency, and the Mau Mau Revolt, was a war in the British Kenya Colony (1920–63).

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Mayoralty of Rudy Giuliani

Rudy Giuliani (full name "Rudolph William Louis Giuliani") served as the 107th Mayor of New York City from January 1, 1994 until December 31, 2001.

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McInnes Cooper

McInnes Cooper is a full-service Canadian law firm with more than 200 lawyers.

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Meir Vilner

Meir Vilner (מאיר וילנר, born Ber Kovner; 23 October 1918 – 5 June 2003) was an Israeli communist politician and Jewish leader of the Communist Party of Israel (Maki), at one time a powerful force in the country.

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Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of 53 sovereign states.

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Meyer v. Nebraska

Meyer v. Nebraska,, was a U.S. Supreme Court case that held that a 1919 Nebraska law restricting foreign-language education violated the Due Process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

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Michael Kelly (editor)

Michael Thomas Kelly (March 17, 1957 – April 3, 2003) was an American journalist for The New York Times, a columnist for The Washington Post and The New Yorker, and a magazine editor for The New Republic, National Journal, and The Atlantic.

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Michael Les Benedict

Michael Les Benedict is a prominent American historian, who taught at Ohio State University from 1970 until his retirement in 2005.

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Michael Ratner

Michael Ratner (June 13, 1943 – May 11, 2016) was an American attorney.

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Michael Ruppert

Michael Craig Ruppert (February 3, 1951 – April 13, 2014) was an American writer and musician, Los Angeles Police Department officer, investigative journalist, political activist, and peak oil awareness advocate known for his 2004 book Crossing The Rubicon: The Decline of the American Empire at the End of the Age of Oil.

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Mihail Kogălniceanu

Mihail Kogălniceanu (also known as Mihail Cogâlniceanu, Michel de Kogalnitchan; September 6, 1817 – July 1, 1891) was a Moldavian, later Romanian liberal statesman, lawyer, historian and publicist; he became Prime Minister of Romania on October 11, 1863, after the 1859 union of the Danubian Principalities under Domnitor Alexandru Ioan Cuza, and later served as Foreign Minister under Carol I. He was several times Interior Minister under Cuza and Carol.

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Mike Diana

Michael Christopher "Mike" DianaShepherd, Chuck (August 1994).

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Mike Hudema

Micheal George Henry (Mike) Hudema is a Canadian activist who has worked for advocacy organizations including Greenpeace, Global Exchange, the University of Alberta Students' Union, and the Ruckus Society.

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Militant faction

The Militant faction was an organized grouping of Marxists in the Socialist Party of America (SPA) who sought to steer that organization from its orientation towards electoral politics and towards direct action and revolutionary socialism.

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Militant Liberty: A Program of Evaluation and Assessment of Freedom

Militant Liberty: A Program of Evaluation and Assessment of Freedom was a top secret United States Department of Defense project that aimed to utilize information operations and resources at the Pentagon's disposal to counteract the ideological threat of Communism during the Cold War.

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Militarization of police

Militarization of police refers to the use of military equipment and tactics by law enforcement officers.

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Mirror's Edge

Mirror's Edge is a first-person action-adventure platformer developed by EA DICE and published by Electronic Arts.

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Moderate Party

The Moderate Party (Moderata samlingspartiet, M: "Moderate Unity Party", commonly referred to in Swedish as Moderaterna: "Moderates") is a liberal-conservative political party in Sweden.

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Modern liberalism in the United States

Modern American liberalism is the dominant version of liberalism in the United States.

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Montana

Montana is a state in the Northwestern United States.

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Montana Supreme Court

The Montana Supreme Court is the highest court of the Montana state court system in the U.S. state of Montana.

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Morton Birnbaum

Morton Birnbaum (October 20, 1926 – November 26, 2005) was an American lawyer and physician who advocated for the right of psychiatric patients to have adequate, humane care, and who coined the term sanism.

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Morton Halperin

Morton H. Halperin (born June 13, 1938 in Brooklyn, N.Y.) is a public servant and longtime expert on U.S. foreign policy, arms control, civil liberties, and how government bureaucracies operate.

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Moses

Mosesמֹשֶׁה, Modern Tiberian ISO 259-3; ܡܘܫܐ Mūše; موسى; Mωϋσῆς was a prophet in the Abrahamic religions.

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Muammar Gaddafi

Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi (20 October 2011), commonly known as Colonel Gaddafi, was a Libyan revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

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Muslim Public Affairs Committee UK

The Muslim Public Affairs Committee UK (MPACUK) is a London-based British Muslim lobby and civil liberties group founded to address what it perceived as the under-representation of Muslims in British politics.

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Nadine Strossen

Nadine Strossen (born August 18, 1950) was president of the American Civil Liberties Union from February 1991 to October 2008.

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Nambassa

Nambassa was a series of hippie-conceived festivals held between 1976 and 1981 on large farms around Waihi and Waikino in New Zealand.

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Nat Hentoff

Nathan Irving "Nat" Hentoff (June 10, 1925 – January 7, 2017) was an American historian, novelist, jazz and country music critic, and syndicated columnist for United Media.

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National Coalition Party

The National Coalition Party (NCP; Kansallinen Kokoomus; Kok.; Samlingspartiet; Saml.) is a centre-right political party in Finland considered to be liberal, and conservative, and liberal-conservative.

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National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners

The National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners (NCDPP) was an organization founded in as an accompaniment to the International Labor Defense, led by the Communist Party of the United States of America.

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National Day Laborer Organizing Network

The National Day Laborer Organizing Network (NDLON) is an American organization dedicated to improving the lives of day laborers.

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National Educational Debate Association

The National Educational Debate Association (NEDA) is a collegiate debate association emphasizing audience-centered debate.

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National human rights institution

A national human rights institution (NHRI) is an independent institution bestowed with the responsibility to broadly protect, monitor and promote human rights in a given country.

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National security

National security refers to the security of a nation state, including its citizens, economy, and institutions, and is regarded as a duty of government.

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Native American identity in the United States

Native American identity in the United States is an evolving topic based on the struggle to define "Native American" or "(American) Indian" both for people who consider themselves Native American and for people who do not.

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Nazi Party

The National Socialist German Workers' Party (abbreviated NSDAP), commonly referred to in English as the Nazi Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945 and supported the ideology of Nazism.

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Nedim Jahić

Nedim Jahić (born 2 February 1989), is a Bosnian analyst, human rights activist and writer.

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Negroponte switch

In the 1980s, Professor Nicholas Negroponte of the Media Lab at MIT originated the idea that came to be known as the "Negroponte Switch".

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Neo-libertarianism

Neo-libertarianism is a political and social philosophy that is a combination of libertarian principles with present-day neoconservative principles.

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NeverSeconds

NeverSeconds is a blog created and run by Scottish schoolgirl Martha Payne.

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New Deal

The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms and regulations enacted in the United States 1933-36, in response to the Great Depression.

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New Freedom Commission on Mental Health

The New Freedom Commission on Mental Health was established by U.S. President George W. Bush through on April 29, 2002 to conduct a comprehensive study of the U.S. mental health service delivery system and make recommendations based on its findings.

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New Netherland

New Netherland (Dutch: Nieuw Nederland; Latin: Nova Belgica or Novum Belgium) was a 17th-century colony of the Dutch Republic that was located on the east coast of North America.

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New Power Party

The New Power Party (NPP) is a political party in Taiwan formed in early 2015.

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New South Wales state election, 2015

A general election for the 56th Parliament of New South Wales (NSW) was held on Saturday 28 March 2015.

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Nicholas II of Russia

Nicholas II or Nikolai II (r; 1868 – 17 July 1918), known as Saint Nicholas II of Russia in the Russian Orthodox Church, was the last Emperor of Russia, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his forced abdication on 15 March 1917.

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Nightwatch (Babylon 5)

In the Babylon 5 science fiction universe, Nightwatch is an Earth Alliance paramilitary organization set up during the Presidency of Morgan Clark.

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Niskanen Center

The Niskanen Center is a Washington, D.C.-based think tank that advocates for environmentalism, immigration reform, civil liberties, and a national defense policy based on libertarian principles.

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NIST Cybersecurity Framework

The NIST Cybersecurity Framework provides a policy framework of computer security guidance for how private sector organizations in the United States can assess and improve their ability to prevent, detect, and respond to cyber attacks.

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No Fly List

The No Fly List is a list created and maintained by the United States federal government's Terrorist Screening Center (TSC) of people who are prohibited from boarding commercial aircraft for travel within, into, or out of the United States.

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NO2ID

NO2ID is a public campaign group, formed in 2004 to campaign against the United Kingdom government's plans to introduce UK ID Cards and the associated National Identity Register (NIR), which it believes has negative implications for privacy, civil liberties and personal safety.

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Nolan Chart

The Nolan Chart is a political spectrum diagram created by David Nolan in 1969.

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Norma McCorvey

Norma Leah McCorvey Nelson; (September 22, 1947 – February 18, 2017), better known by the legal pseudonym "Jane Roe", was the plaintiff in the landmark American lawsuit Roe v. Wade in 1973.

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North Korea Freedom Coalition

The North Korea Freedom Coalition (NKFC) is an organisation established in 2003 for human rights and freedom in North Korea.

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Not in Front of the Children

Not in Front of the Children: "Indecency," Censorship, and the Innocence of Youth is a non-fiction book by attorney and civil libertarian Marjorie Heins about freedom of speech and the relationship between censorship and the "think of the children" argument.

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Notes on the State of Virginia

Notes on the State of Virginia (1785) is a book written by Thomas Jefferson.

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Nuclear ethics

Nuclear ethics is a cross-disciplinary field of academic and policy-relevant study in which the problems associated with nuclear warfare, nuclear deterrence, nuclear arms control, nuclear disarmament, or nuclear energy are examined through one or more ethical or moral theories or frameworks.

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Occupy Sydney

Occupy Sydney was a social movement and protest as part of the global Occupy movements, in Sydney, Australia.

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October Crisis

The October Crisis (La crise d'Octobre) occurred in October 1970 in the province of Quebec in Canada, mainly in the Montreal metropolitan area.

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October Manifesto

The October Manifesto (Октябрьский манифест, Манифест 17 октября), officially The Manifesto on the Improvement of the State Order (Манифест об усовершенствовании государственного порядка), is a document that served as a precursor to the Russian Empire's first constitution, which would be adopted the next year.

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Odd Fellows

Odd Fellows, or Oddfellows, also Odd Fellowship or Oddfellowship, is an international fraternity consisting of lodges first documented in 1730 in London.

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Oliver Colvile

Oliver Newton Colvile (born 26 August 1959) is a British politician.

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Olli Rehn

Olli Ilmari Rehn (born 31 March 1962 in Mikkeli, Finland) is a Finnish politician, a member of the Centre Party of Finland.

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Omar Ahmad

Omar Ahmad (عمر أحمد) was the founder of the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), a Washington D.C.-based Muslim civil rights organization.

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OneDOJ

OneDOJ is a central database that allows local law enforcement in the United States to search and read federal criminal cases.

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Open Rights Group

The Open Rights Group (ORG) is a UK-based organisation that works to preserve digital rights and freedoms by campaigning on digital rights issues and by fostering a community of grassroots activists.

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OpenMedia.ca

OpenMedia is a Canadian non-partisan, non-profit advocacy organization working to encourage open and innovative communication systems within Canada.

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Operation TIPS

Operation TIPS, where the last part is an acronym for the Terrorism Information and Prevention System, was a domestic intelligence-gathering program designed by President George W. Bush to have United States citizens report suspicious activity.

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Optimum population

Optimum population refers to the size of a population that produces the best results according to chosen end targets.

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Outline of green politics

The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to green politics: Green politics – political ideology that aims for the creation of an ecologically sustainable society rooted in environmentalism, social liberalism, and grassroots democracy.

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Outline of libertarianism

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to libertarianism: Libertarianism – collection of political philosophies and movements that upholds liberty as its principal objective.

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Palantir Technologies

Palantir Technologies is a private American software and services company which specializes in big data analytics.

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Palladium (protective image)

A palladium or palladion is an image or other object of great antiquity on which the safety of a city or nation is said to depend.

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Parenting coordinator

Parenting coordinator (PC) is a relatively new practice used in some US states to manage ongoing issues in high-conflict child custody and visitation cases by professional psychologist or a lawyer assigned by the Court.

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Parliament Square

Parliament Square is a square at the northwest end of the Palace of Westminster in central London.

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Patrick Harvie

Patrick Harvie (born 18 March 1973) is the co-convener of the Scottish Green Party (with Maggie Chapman) and Member of the Scottish Parliament for the Glasgow region.

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Patrick Stewart

Sir Patrick Stewart, (born 13 July 1940) is an English actor whose career has included roles on stage, television, and film in a career spanning almost six decades.

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Patriot Act, Title X

Title X: Miscellaneous is the last of ten titles which comprise the USA PATRIOT Act, a bill passed in the United States after the September 11, 2001 attacks.

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Paul Finkelman

Paul Finkelman (born November 15, 1949, in Brooklyn, New York) is an American legal historian, and became the President of Gratz College, Melrose Park, PA in 2017.

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Paul Hackett (politician)

Lieutenant Colonel Paul Lewis Hackett III (born October 21, 1963) is a lawyer and veteran of the Iraq War who unsuccessfully sought election to the United States Congress from the Second District of Ohio in the August 2, 2005, special election.

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Paul I, Prince Esterházy

Paul I, Prince Esterházy of Galántha (full German name: Paul Fürst Esterházy von Galantha; full Hungarian name: galánthai herceg Esterházy Pál) (8 September 1635 – 26 March 1713) was the first Prince Esterházy of Galántha from 1687 to 1713, Palatine of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1681 to 1713, and an Imperial Field Marshal.

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Paul J. Liacos

Paul Julian Liacos (November 20, 1929 – May 6, 1999) was the Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1989 to 1996.

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Paul Newman (linguist)

Paul Newman (born 1937) is an American linguist active in the study of African languages.

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Paul von Hindenburg

Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg, known generally as Paul von Hindenburg (2 October 1847 – 2 August 1934) was a Generalfeldmarschall and statesman who commanded the German military during the second half of World War I before later being elected President of the Weimar republic in 1925.

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Pearl London

Pearl London (1916–2003) was an American supporter of literary arts and teacher of poetry in New York City.

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Pedro II of Brazil

Dom Pedro II (English: Peter II; 2 December 1825 – 5 December 1891), nicknamed "the Magnanimous", was the second and last ruler of the Empire of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years.

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People Power Revolution

The People Power Revolution (also known as the EDSA Revolution and the Philippine Revolution of 1986 or simply EDSA 1986) was a series of popular demonstrations in the Philippines, mostly in the capital city of Manila from February 22–25, 1986.

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People's Freedom Union

The People's Freedom Union was a left wing American political group which existed from 1919 to 1920.

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Pete Sorenson

Pete Sorenson (born 1951) is a County Commissioner in Lane County, Oregon.

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Peter Dupas

Peter Norris Dupas (born 6 July 1953) is an Australian serial killer, currently serving three consecutive life sentences for murder.

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Philosophy of human rights

The philosophy of human rights attempts to examine the underlying basis of the concept of human rights and critically looks at its content and justification.

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Pim Fortuyn

Wilhelmus Simon Petrus Fortuijn, known as Pim Fortuyn (19 February 1948 – 6 May 2002), was a Dutch politician, civil servant, sociologist, author and professor who formed his own party, Pim Fortuyn List (Lijst Pim Fortuyn or LPF) in 2002.

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Pirate Party (Ireland)

The Pirate Party Ireland was an unregistered minor political party in Ireland, modelled on the Swedish Pirate Party.

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Pirate Party of Canada

The Pirate Party of Canada (Parti Pirate du Canada, abbreviated as the PPCA), is a minor party in federal Canadian politics.

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Police brutality

Police brutality is one of several forms of police misconduct which involves undue violence by police members.

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Policy appliances

Policy appliances are technical control and logging mechanisms to enforce or reconcile policy rules (information use rules) and to ensure accountability in information systems.

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Policy laundering

Policy laundering is the disguising of the origins of political decisions, laws, or international treaties.

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Political compass

The political compass is a multi-axis political model used by the website of the same name to label or organise political thought on two dimensions.

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Political freedom

Political freedom (also known as political autonomy or political agency) is a central concept in history and political thought and one of the most important features of democratic societies.

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Political ideologies in the United States

Political ideologies in the United States refers to the various ideologies and ideological demographics in the United States.

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Political movement

In the social sciences, a political movement is a social group that operates together to obtain a political goal, on a local, regional, national, or international scope.

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Political parties in the United States

Political parties in the United States are mostly dominated by a two-party system, though the United States Constitution has always been silent on the issue of political parties since at the time it was signed in 1787 there were no parties in the nation.

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Political philosophy of Immanuel Kant

The political philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) favoured a classical republican approach.

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Political positions of Mar Roxas

Liberal Party presidential candidate Mar Roxas has taken positions on many national issues, including votes and remarks, since his election as senator during the 2004 Philippine elections, up until his appointment as the Secretary of Interior and Local Government.

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Political positions of Noam Chomsky

Noam Chomsky is an intellectual, political activist, and critic of the foreign policy of the United States and other governments.

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Political positions of Norm Coleman

The political positions of Norm Coleman have changed dramatically over his career.

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Political positions of Ron Paul

The political positions of Ron Paul (L-TX), United States presidential candidate in 1988, 2008, and 2012, are generally described as libertarian, but have also been labeled conservative and constitutionalist.

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Political Repression in Modern America

Political Repression in Modern America from 1870 to 1976 is a historical account of significant civil liberties violations concerning American political dissidents since 1870a date demarcating the close of the Civil War decade and the development of the modern American industrial state.

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Political spectrum

A political spectrum is a system of classifying different political positions upon one or more geometric axes that symbolize independent political dimensions.

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Politics

Politics (from Politiká, meaning "affairs of the cities") is the process of making decisions that apply to members of a group.

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Politics of Germany

Germany is a democratic, federal parliamentary republic, and federal legislative power is vested in the Bundestag (the parliament of Germany) and the Bundesrat (the representative body of the Länder, Germany's regional states).

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Politics of Greece

The politics of Greece takes place in a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Greece is the head of government, and of a multi-party system.

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Politics of Hong Kong

The politics of Hong Kong takes place in a framework of a political system dominated by its quasi-constitutional document, the Hong Kong Basic Law, its own legislature, the Chief Executive as the head of government and of the Special Administrative Region and of a multi-party system.

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Politics of Kuwait

Kuwait is a constitutional emirate with a semi-democratic political system.

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Politics of Romania

Romania's political framework is a semi-presidential representative democratic republic where the Prime Minister is the head of government and the President is the head of state.

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Politics of Singapore

The politics of Singapore takes the form of a parliamentary representative democratic republic whereby the President of Singapore is the head of state, the Prime Minister of Singapore is the head of government, and of a multi-party system.

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Politics of Ukraine

Politics of Ukraine takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic and of a multi-party system.

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Portland, Oregon

Portland is the largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Multnomah County.

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Portuguese Angola

Portuguese Angola refers to Angola during the historic period when it was a territory under Portuguese rule in southwestern Africa.

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Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter

In 1981, following his defeat in 1980 United States presidential election, former U.S. president Jimmy Carter returned to Georgia to his peanut farm, which he had placed into a blind trust during his presidency to avoid even the appearance of a conflict of interest.

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Post–September 11 anti-war movement

The post–September 11 anti-war movement is an anti-war social movement that emerged after the September 11 terrorist attacks in response to the War on Terrorism.

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Pratt Street

Pratt Street is a major street in Baltimore.

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Predicted effects of the FairTax

The Fair Tax Act (/) is a bill in the United States Congress for changing tax laws to replace the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and all federal income taxes (including Alternative Minimum Tax), payroll taxes (including Social Security and Medicare taxes), corporate taxes, capital gains taxes, gift taxes, and estate taxes with a national retail sales tax, to be levied once at the point of purchase on all new goods and services.

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President of Liberia

The President of the Republic of Liberia is the head of state and government of Liberia.

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Pretty Good Privacy

Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is an encryption program that provides cryptographic privacy and authentication for data communication.

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Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005

The Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 (c 2) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, intended to deal with the Law Lords' ruling of 16 December 2004 that the detention without trial of eight foreigners (known as the 'Belmarsh 8') at HM Prison Belmarsh under Part 4 of the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 was unlawful, being incompatible with European (and, thus, domestic) human rights laws.

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Prisoner

A prisoner, (also known as an inmate or detainee) is a person who is deprived of liberty against his or her will.

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Privacy

Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves, or information about themselves, and thereby express themselves selectively.

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Privacy Act of 1974

The Privacy Act of 1974, a United States federal law, establishes a Code of Fair Information Practice that governs the collection, maintenance, use, and dissemination of personally identifiable information about individuals that is maintained in systems of records by federal agencies.

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Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board

The Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board (PCLOB) is an independent agency within the executive branch of the United States government, established by Congress in 2004 to advise the President and other senior executive branch officials to ensure that concerns with respect to privacy and civil liberties in the United States are appropriately considered in the development and implementation of all laws, regulations, and executive branch policies related to terrorism.

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Pro se legal representation in the United States

Pro se legal representation comes from Latin, literally meaning "on behalf of themselves", which basically means advocating on one's own behalf before a court, rather than being represented by a lawyer.

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Proactive policing

Proactive policing is the practice of deterring criminal activity by showing police presence and engaging the public to learn their concerns, thereby preventing crime from taking place in the first place.

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Proclamation of Połaniec

The Proclamation of Połaniec (also known as the Połaniec Manifesto; Uniwersał Połaniecki), issued on 7 May 1794 by Tadeusz Kościuszko near the town of Połaniec, was one of the most notable events of Poland's Kościuszko Uprising, and the most famous legal act of the Uprising.

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Progress Party (Norway)

The Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet, Framstegspartiet, commonly abbreviated as FrP) is a political party in Norway.

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Proposed National Unification Promotion Law

The proposed National Unification Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China is a document that appeared in early 2004 as a suggestion to create formal a legal basis for the People's Republic of China's reunification with Taiwan.

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Prostitution in China

Shortly after taking power in 1949, the Communist Party of China embarked upon a series of campaigns that purportedly eradicated prostitution from mainland China by the early 1960s.

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Protests of 1968

The protests of 1968 comprised a worldwide escalation of social conflicts, predominantly characterized by popular rebellions against military and bureaucratic elites, who responded with an escalation of political repression.

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Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting

This Pulitzer Prize has been awarded since 1942 for a distinguished example of reporting on national affairs.

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Punk subculture

Punk subculture includes a diverse array of ideologies, fashion, and other forms of expression, visual art, dance, literature and film.

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Queensland Council for Civil Liberties

The Queensland Council for Civil Liberties (QCCL) is a voluntary organisation in Australia concerned with the protection of individual rights and civil liberties.

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Queensland state election, 1977

Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 12 November 1977 to elect the 82 members of the state's Legislative Assembly.

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Quintessenz

Quintessenz (German for "quintessence") is a civil liberties advocacy organization based in the Museumsquartier in Vienna, Austria.

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R v Thomas

R v Thomas was an Australian court case decided in the Victorian Court of Appeal on 18 August 2006.

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R. B. Bennett

Richard Bedford Bennett, 1st Viscount Bennett, (3 July 1870 – 26 June 1947), was a Canadian politician who served as the 11th Prime Minister of Canada, in office from 1930 to 1935.

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R. Lee Wrights

Roger Lee Wrights (June 8, 1958 – May 4, 2017) was an American politician, activist and political consultant.

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R. M. Kantawala

Justice Ramanlal Maneklal Kantawala (6 October 1916 - 2 May 1992) was the Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court from 1972 to 1978.

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Racism

Racism is the belief in the superiority of one race over another, which often results in discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race or ethnicity.

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Radical Democracy Party (United States)

The Radical Democracy Party was an abolitionist and anti-Confederate political party in the United States.

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Radio Free Albemuth

Radio Free Albemuth is a dystopian novel by Philip K. Dick, written in 1976 and published posthumously in 1985.

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Radley Balko

Radley Balko (born April 19, 1975) is an American journalist, author, blogger, and speaker who lives in Nashville, Tennessee, and writes about criminal justice, the drug war, and civil liberties for The Washington Post.

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Raised fist

The raised fist, or the clenched fist, is a symbol of solidarity and support.

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Ramallah Center for Human Rights Studies

The Ramallah Center for Human Rights Studies (RCHRS) is an independent Palestinian non-profit and non-governmental organization that advocates human rights, democracy and tolerance from a secular perspective.

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Ramón Barquín

Ramón M. Barquín (May 12, 1914 – March 3, 2008) was a Cuban military colonel and opponent of former President Fulgencio Batista.

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Ramsey Clark

William Ramsey Clark (born December 18, 1927) is an American lawyer, activist and former federal government official.

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Rationalist International

Rationalist International is an organization with the stated aim to represent a rational view of the world, making the voice of reason heard and considered where public opinion is formed and decisions are made.

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Reception statute

A reception statute is a statutory law adopted as a former British colony becomes independent, by which the new nation adopts (i.e. receives) pre-independence English common law, to the extent not explicitly rejected by the legislative body or constitution of the new nation.

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Rechtsstaat

Rechtsstaat is a doctrine in continental European legal thinking, originating in German jurisprudence.

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Red Terror (Spain)

The Red Terror in Spain (Terror Rojo) is the name given by some historians to various acts of violence committed from 1936 until the end of the Spanish Civil War "by sections of nearly all the leftist groups".

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Reds (film)

Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written, produced, and directed by Warren Beatty.

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Referendums in France

In France there are two types of referendum.

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Reform movement

A reform movement is a type of social movement that aims to bring a social or political system closer to the community's ideal.

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Refuse & Resist!

Refuse & Resist! ("R&R!") was a human rights activist group founded in New York City in 1987 by Emile de Antonio, Dore Ashton, Dennis Brutus, John Gerassi, Abbie Hoffman, William Kunstler, C. Clark Kissinger, Conrad Lynn, Sonia Sanchez, Rev.

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Registered Cossacks

Registered Cossacks (Kozacy rejestrowi) comprised special Cossack units of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth army in the 16th and 17th centuries.

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Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000

The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (c.23) (RIP or RIPA) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, regulating the powers of public bodies to carry out surveillance and investigation, and covering the interception of communications.

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Reichstag Fire Decree

The Reichstag Fire Decree (Reichstagsbrandverordnung) is the common name of the Decree of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State (Verordnung des Reichspräsidenten zum Schutz von Volk und Staat) issued by German President Paul von Hindenburg on the advice of Chancellor Adolf Hitler on 28 February 1933 in immediate response to the Reichstag fire.

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Republican Party presidential debates and forums, 2008

The 2008 Republican Presidential Debates were political debates before the 2008 Republican Primaries.

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Respect for America's Fallen Heroes Act

The Respect for America’s Fallen Heroes Act is an Act of Congress that prohibits protests within 300 feet (90 m) of the entrance of any cemetery under control of the National Cemetery Administration (a division of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs) from 60 minutes before to 60 minutes after a funeral.

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Revolutions of 1989

The Revolutions of 1989 formed part of a revolutionary wave in the late 1980s and early 1990s that resulted in the end of communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe and beyond.

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Rigas Feraios

Rigas Feraios (Ρήγας Φεραίος, or Rhegas Pheraeos) or Velestinlis (Βελεστινλής, or Velestinles)); 1757 – 24 June 1798) was a Greek writer, political thinker and revolutionary, active in the Modern Greek Enlightenment, remembered as a Greek national hero, a victim of the Balkan uprising against the Ottoman Empire and a pioneer of the Greek War of Independence.

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Right to die

The right to die is a concept based on the opinion that a human being is entitled to end his or her own life or to undergo voluntary euthanasia.

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Right to keep and bear arms

The right to keep and bear arms (often referred to as the right to bear arms) is the people's right to possess weapons (arms) for their own defense, as described in the philosophical and political writings of Aristotle, Cicero, John Locke, Machiavelli, the English Whigs and others.

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Right to petition in the United States

In the United States the right to petition is guaranteed by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, which specifically prohibits Congress from abridging "the right of the people...to petition the Government for a redress of grievances".

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Right to privacy

The right to privacy is an element of various legal traditions to restrain governmental and private actions that threaten the privacy of individuals.

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Right-libertarianism

Right-libertarianism (or right-wing libertarianism) refers to libertarian political philosophies that advocate negative rights, natural law and a major reversal of the modern welfare state.

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Rob Kampia

Rob Kampia is a co-founder of the Marijuana Policy Project and the National Cannabis Industry Association, who was later voted out by both organizations' Board of Directors.

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Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham

Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham (24 May 1852 – 20 March 1936) was a Scottish politician, writer, journalist and adventurer.

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Robert F. Kennedy

Robert Francis "Bobby" Kennedy (November 20, 1925 – June 6, 1968) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 64th United States Attorney General from January 1961 to September 1964, and as a U.S. Senator for New York from January 1965 until his assassination in June 1968.

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Robert Lemieux

Robert Félix Lemieux (October 9th, 1941 – January 21st, 2008) was a radical Canadian lawyer.

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Robert P. George

Robert Peter George (born July 10, 1955) is an American legal scholar, political philosopher, and public intellectual who serves as the McCormick Professor of Jurisprudence and Director of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University.

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Robin Corbett, Baron Corbett of Castle Vale

Robin Corbett, Baron Corbett of Castle Vale (22 September 1933 – 19 February 2012) was a British Labour Party politician.

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Robina Qureshi

Robina Qureshi is a Scottish human rights campaigner.

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Robyn Blumner

Robyn Ellen Blumner (born 1961) is a journalist, civil rights expert and the current president and chief executive officer (CEO) of the secular educational organization Center for Inquiry (CFI) and executive director of the Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science.

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Rocco Buttiglione

Rocco Buttiglione (born 6 June 1948) is an Italian Union of Christian and Centre Democrats politician and an academic. Buttiglione's nomination for a post as European Commissioner with a portfolio that was to include civil liberties, resulted in controversy as some political groups opposed him for his conservative Roman Catholic views against homosexuality, despite his assurances that these were only his personal convictions and would not dictate his administration. Buttiglione is a Professor of political science at Saint Pius V University in Rome, and member of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences. He served as a minister for EU policies (from 2001 to 2005) and then as Minister for Cultural Assets and Activities (from 2005 to 2006) in Silvio Berlusconi's governments. In 2005 Buttiglione received an honorary doctoral degree for his commitment to the ideas of liberty. In May 2006, he unsuccessfully ran for mayor of Turin.

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Roger MacBride presidential campaign, 1976

The 1976 presidential campaign of Roger MacBride, a former member of the Vermont House of Representatives from New York began when Roger MacBride announced his campaign in 1975.

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Ros Myers

Rosalind "Ros" Sarah Myers is a fictional character from the BBC television series Spooks, which follows the exploits of Section D, a counter-terrorism division in MI5.

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Rowland Hill

Sir Rowland Hill, KCB, FRS (3 December 1795 – 27 August 1879) was an English teacher, inventor and social reformer.

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Roy Speckhardt

Roy Speckhardt (born January 24, 1973 in Carmel, New York) is the executive director of the American Humanist Association, a non-profit civil liberties organization in Washington DC.

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Rudolf Rocker

Johann Rudolf Rocker (March 25, 1873 – September 19, 1958) was an anarchist writer and activist.

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Russ Feingold

Russell Dana Feingold (born March 2, 1953) is an American lawyer and politician from the U.S. state of Wisconsin.

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Ruth Kelly

Ruth Maria Kelly (born 9 May 1968) is a former British Labour Party politician, serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bolton West from 1997 until she stood down in 2010.

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Ruth Mary Reynolds

Ruth Mary Reynolds (February 29, 1916 – December 2, 1989) was an American educator, political and civil rights activist who embraced the ideals of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party.

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Rutherford Institute

The Rutherford Institute is a non-profit organization based in Charlottesville, Virginia, US dedicated to the defense of civil liberties and human rights.

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Ruy Barbosa

Ruy Barbosa de Oliveira (5 November 1849 – 1 March 1923) was a Brazilian polymath, diplomat, writer, jurist, and politician.

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Sacco and Vanzetti

Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were Italian-born American anarchists who were controversially convicted of murdering a guard and a paymaster during the April 15, 1920 armed robbery of the Slater and Morrill Shoe Company in Braintree, Massachusetts, United States.

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Sajjad Karim

Sajjad Haider Karim (born 11 July 1970 in Blackburn) is a British politician.

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Salami tactics

Salami tactics, also known as the salami-slice strategy or salami attacks, is a divide and conquer process of threats and alliances used to overcome opposition.

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Sam Ervin

Samuel James "Sam" Ervin Jr. (September 27, 1896April 23, 1985) was an American politician.

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Samuel Alito

Samuel Anthony Alito Jr. (born April 1, 1950) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

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Samuel Kinsey

Samuel Kinsey (25 May 1832 – 8 June 1883) was a Christian minister and leader of the reactionary wing of the German Baptist Brethren that became the Old German Baptist Brethren.

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Sanford Levinson

Sanford Victor Levinson (born June 17, 1941) is an American legal scholar, best known for his writings on constitutional law and as a professor at the University of Texas Law School.

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Saqib Ali

Saqib Ali (born January 21, 1975) is a former State Delegate in the Maryland House of Delegates, having been elected in 2006 to represent the 39th District.

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Satire

Satire is a genre of literature, and sometimes graphic and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement.

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Satvinder S. Juss

Satvinder Singh Juss Ph.D (Cantab) FRSA, is a Professor of Law at King's College London, UK and a Barrister-at-Law of Gray's Inn, London, UK.

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Schmerber v. California

Schmerber v. California,, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court clarified the application of the Fourth Amendment's protection against warrantless searches and the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination for searches that intrude into the human body.

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Seal of Vermont

The Great Seal of the State of Vermont is the official seal of the U.S. state of Vermont, used to emboss and authenticate official documents.

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Sean Penn

Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor and filmmaker.

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Seat belt legislation

Seat belt legislation requires the fitting of seat belts to motor vehicles and the wearing of seat belts by motor vehicle occupants to be mandatory.

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Second Spanish Republic

The Spanish Republic (República Española), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (Segunda República Española), was the democratic government that existed in Spain from 1931 to 1939.

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Secure Flight

Secure Flight is an airline passenger pre-screening program, implemented from August 2009 by the United States Transportation Security Administration (TSA).

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Security certificate

In Canadian law, a security certificate is a mechanism by which the Government of Canada can detain and deport foreign nationals and all other non-citizens living in Canada.

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Security theater

Security theater is the practice of investing in countermeasures intended to provide the feeling of improved security while doing little or nothing to achieve it.

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Self-ownership

Self-ownership (also known as sovereignty of the individual, individual sovereignty or individual autonomy) is the concept of property in one's own person, expressed as the moral or natural right of a person to have bodily integrity and be the exclusive controller of one's own body and life.

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Separate but equal

Separate but equal was a legal doctrine in United States constitutional law according to which racial segregation did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, adopted during the Reconstruction Era, which guaranteed "equal protection" under the law to all citizens.

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Separation of powers in Singapore

Separation of powers in Singapore is founded on the concept of constitutionalism, which is itself primarily based upon distrust of power and thus the desirability of limited government.

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Seretse Khama

Sir Seretse Goitsebeng Maphiri Khama, GCB, KBE (1 July 1921 – 13 July 1980) was the first President of Botswana, in office from 1966 to 1980.

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Sermon on the Mound

The Sermon on the Mound is the name given by the Scottish press to an address made by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland on 21 May 1988.

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Settling Accounts: In at the Death

Settling Accounts: In at the Death is the last novel of the Settling Accounts tetralogy that presents an alternate history of World War II known as the Second Great War that was released July 27, 2007.

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Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Seventh Amendment (Amendment VII) to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights.

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Sex Is Not the Enemy

"Sex Is Not the Enemy" was a single released from Garbage's fourth album Bleed Like Me in June 2005 in United Kingdom.

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Sex, Sin, and Blasphemy

Sex, Sin, and Blasphemy: A Guide to America's Censorship Wars is a non-fiction book by lawyer and civil libertarian Marjorie Heins that is about freedom of speech and the censorship of works of art in the early 1990s by the U.S. government.

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Seymour Stedman

Seymour Stedman (July 4, 1871 – July 9, 1948) was an American from Chicago, Illinois who rose from shepherd and janitor to become a prominent civil liberties lawyer and a leader of the Socialist Party of America.

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She-Hulk

She-Hulk (Jennifer Walters) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

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Shereef Akeel

Shereef Akeel (born April 27, 1965 in Walnut, California) is an American lawyer notable for pursuing human rights and civil liberties cases.

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Shibby de Guzman

Shibby Lapeña de Guzman (born c.) is a Filipina youth activist.

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Silver Meikar

Silver Meikar (born February 12, 1978) is an Estonian human rights activist, a freelance journalist and founder of the Estonian Institute of Digital Rights.

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Singapore Declaration

The Singapore Declaration of Commonwealth Principles was a declaration issued by the assembled Heads of Government of the Commonwealth of Nations, setting out the core political volunteering values that would form the main part of the Commonwealth's membership criteria.

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Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet

Sir James Robert George Graham, 2nd Baronet GCB PC (1 June 1792 – 25 October 1861) was a British statesman.

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Social anarchism

Social anarchism (sometimes referred to as socialist anarchism or anarcho-socialism)Ostergaard, Geoffrey.

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Social Institutions and Gender Index

The Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) is an index designed to measure gender equality in a society.

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Social liberalism

Social liberalism (also known as modern liberalism or egalitarian liberalism) is a political ideology and a variety of liberalism that endorses a market economy and the expansion of civil and political rights while also believing that the legitimate role of the government includes addressing economic and social issues such as poverty, health care and education.

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Social welfare model

A social welfare model is a system of social welfare provision and its accompanying value system.

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Socialist Alliance (Australia)

Socialist Alliance is a socialist political party in Australia.

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Socialist Party of Romania

The Socialist Party of Romania (Partidul Socialist din România, commonly known as Partidul Socialist, PS) was a Romanian socialist political party, created on December 11, 1918 by members of the Social Democratic Party of Romania (PSDR), after the latter emerged from clandestinity.

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Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência

Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência (Portuguese for Brazilian Society for the Advancement of Science) is a Brazilian scientific society created in 1948 by several prominent scientists, with the aim of promoting science, culture and education in the country by means of publications, conferences and political actions on behalf of science's advancement and progress.

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Societal impact of nanotechnology

The societal impact of nanotechnology are the potential benefits and challenges that the introduction of novel nanotechnological devices and materials may hold for society and human interaction.

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Socio-scientific issues

Socioscientific Issues (SSI) are controversial social issues which relate to science.

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Solidarity Prize

The Solidarity Prize (Nagroda Solidarności) – Polish award for promotion and protection of democracy and civil liberties.

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Spying on Democracy

Spying on Democracy: Government Surveillance, Corporate Power, and Public Resistance is a book by Heidi Boghosian, executive director of the National Lawyers Guild, and co-host of Pacifica's WBAI weekly civil liberties radio program, "Law and Disorder." The book details the growing amount of surveillance of everyday citizens, and what this means for society.

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Stan Marsh

Stanley "Stan" Marsh is a main character of the animated television series South Park.

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Stanford R. Ovshinsky

Stanford Robert Ovshinsky (November 24, 1922 – October 17, 2012) was an American inventor and scientist who over a span of fifty years was granted well over 400 patents, mostly in the areas of energy and information.

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State Duma (Russian Empire)

The State Duma or Imperial Duma was the Lower House, part of the legislative assembly in the late Russian Empire, which held its meetings in the Taurida Palace in St. Petersburg.

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Statewatch

Statewatch is a non-profit organization founded in 1991 that monitors the state, justice and home affairs (JHA), security and civil liberties in the European Union.

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Statue of Liberty in popular culture

After its unveiling in 1886, the Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) quickly became iconic, and began to be featured on countless posters, and in pictures and books.

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Stephen Fox (author/educator)

Stephen Fox (born 1938), is an author and emeritus professor of history at Humboldt State University in Arcata, California.

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Stephen Kenny (Australian lawyer)

Stephen Kenny is an Australian lawyer.

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Steve J. Rosen

Steven J. Rosen served for 23 years as one of the top officials of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC).

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Steve Kubby

Steven Wynn "Steve" Kubby (born December 28, 1946) is a Libertarian Party activist who played a key role in the drafting and passage of California Proposition 215.

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Stewart R. Mott Foundation

The Stewart R. Mott Foundation (formerly the Stewart R. Mott Charitable Trust) is a charitable trust founded by Stewart Rawlings Mott in the United States that gives small grants to organizations working in the following areas.

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Stop the War Coalition (Australia)

Stop the War Coalition (StWC) is an Australian anti-war group initially formed in Sydney in 2003 in response to the US-led wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and the general "War on Terror" of which the Australian Government has been a strong ally.

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Strip Search (film)

Strip Search is a drama film made for the HBO network, first aired on April 27, 2004.

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Stuha

STUHA (Studentské hnutí – a Czech student movement; also the Czech word for 'ribbon') was an alternative, independent student movement in the late phase of the Czechoslovak Communist régime.

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Sture Eskilsson

Sture Birger Eskilsson (18 March 1930 – 5 March 2016) was a Swedish economist who was the Director of Information of the Swedish Employers' Association (Svenska arbetsgivareförening, SAF) and chairman of the think tank Timbro.

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Sun Zhigang incident

The Sun Zhigang incident refers to the 2003 death of the migrant worker Sun Zhigang in Guangzhou, as a result of physical abuse he suffered while being detained under China's custody and repatriation (C&R) system.

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Sunflower Student Movement

The Sunflower Student Movement is associated with a protest movement driven by a coalition of students and civic groups that came to a head on March 18 and 10 April 2014, in the Legislative Yuan and, later, also the Executive Yuan of Taiwan.

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Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest federal court of the United States.

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Surveillance

Surveillance is the monitoring of behavior, activities, or other changing information for the purpose of influencing, managing, directing, or protecting people.

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Susan Block

Susan Block, also known as Dr.

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Suzanna Hupp

Suzanna Gratia Hupp, DC (born September 28, 1959), is a former Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives, who represented traditionally Democratic District 54 (Bell, Burnet, and Lampasas counties) for ten years from 1997–2007.

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Sydney Harris (judge)

Sydney Malcolm Harris (June 23, 1917 – January 17, 2009), was a Canadian jurist and civil liberties advocate who worked as a lawyer, both for the federal government and then in private practice for over 30 years before being appointed to the Ontario Provincial Court in 1976.

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TALON (database)

TALON (Threat and Local Observation Notice), was a database maintained by the United States Air Force after the September 11th terrorist attacks.

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Tara Lemmey

Tara L. Lemméy is an American entrepreneur, inventor, designer, technology expert, and innovation strategist.

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Taser

A Taser is a brand of electroshock weapon sold by Axon.

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Tassaduq Hussain Jillani

Tassaduq Hussain Jillani (born 6 July 1949) is a Pakistani judge who served as the 21st Chief Justice of Pakistan from 2013 to 2014.

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Technoliberalism

Technoliberalism is a political philosophy founded on ideas of liberty, individuality, responsibility, decentralization, and self-awareness.

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Technolibertarianism

Technolibertarianism, sometimes referred to as cyberlibertarianism, is a political philosophy with roots in the internet’s early hacker cypherpunk culture in Silicon Valley in the early 1990s and in American libertarianism that focuses on minimizing government regulation, censorship or anything else in the way of a "free" World Wide Web.

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Telecommunications in Western Sahara

Telecommunications in Western Sahara include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.

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Temporary Provisions against the Communist Rebellion

The Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of National Mobilization for Suppression of the Communist Rebellion were provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of China effective from 1948 to 1991 and amended four times.

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Terrorism

Terrorism is, in the broadest sense, the use of intentionally indiscriminate violence as a means to create terror among masses of people; or fear to achieve a financial, political, religious or ideological aim.

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Terrorism: Opposing Viewpoints (2004)

Terrorism: Opposing Viewpoints is a book, in the Opposing Viewpoints series, presenting selections of contrasting viewpoints on four central questions about terrorism: whether it is a serious threat; what causes it; how America's domestic war on it should be conducted; and how the international community should respond to it.

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Texas Freedom Network

The Texas Freedom Network (TFN) is a Texas organization which describes its goals as protecting religious freedom, defending civil liberties, and strengthening public schools in the state.

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The American Democrat

The American Democrat: Or, Hints on the Social and Civic Relations of the United States of America, a political essay written by American republican author James Fenimore Cooper, was published initially in New York State in 1838.

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The Assassins' Gate: America in Iraq

The Assassins' Gate: America in Iraq is a non-fiction book detailing the 2003 invasion of Iraq and its aftermath by American journalist George Packer, otherwise best known for his writings in The New Yorker.

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The Berlin Batman

"The Berlin Batman" is an Elseworlds tale published in The Batman Chronicles #11 in 1998 by DC Comics.

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The Century Foundation

The Century Foundation (established first as The Cooperative League and then the Twentieth Century Fund) is a progressive think tank headquartered in New York City with an office in Washington, D.C. It was founded as a nonprofit public policy research institution on the belief that the prosperity and security of the United States depends on a mix of effective government, open democracy, and free markets.

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The Commanding Heights

The Commanding Heights: The Battle for the World Economy is a book by Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw, first published as The Commanding Heights: The Battle Between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World in 1998.

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The Convention on Modern Liberty

The Convention on Modern Liberty is a British voluntary body and programme of the Open Trust, set up in September 2008, that aims to highlight what it sees as the erosion of civil liberties in the UK.

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The Emergency (India)

In India, "the Emergency" refers to a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had a state of emergency declared across the country.

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The Greening of America

The Greening of America is a 1970 book by Charles A. Reich.

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The Hall of Presidents

The Hall of Presidents is an attraction located in Liberty Square at the Magic Kingdom in the Walt Disney World Resort.

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The Idaho Observer

The Idaho Observer was a monthly hardcopy 24-page constitutionally-oriented newspaper, founded in January 1997 in North Idaho, United States, but with a scope that covered all of America, delivered nationwide.

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The Illuminatus! Trilogy

The Illuminatus! Trilogy is a series of three novels written by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson first published in 1975.

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The Multiracial Activist

The Multiracial Activist (TMA) is a left-libertarian activist journal covering social and civil liberties issues of interest to individuals who perceive themselves to be biracial or multiracial.

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The Pirate Bay

The Pirate Bay (sometimes abbreviated to TPB) is an online index of digital content of entertainment media and software.

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The Plot to Hack America

The Plot to Hack America: How Putin's Cyberspies and WikiLeaks Tried to Steal the 2016 Election is a non-fiction book by Malcolm Nance about what the author describes as Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections.

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The Remnant Trust

The Remnant Trust, Inc. is an educational foundation located at Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Texas.

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The Roosevelts (film)

The Roosevelts: An Intimate History is a 2014 American documentary film directed and produced by Ken Burns.

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The Spokesman

The Spokesman is a British left-wing magazine.

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The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century

The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century is a 1991 book by Samuel P. Huntington which outlines the significance of a third wave of democratization to describe the global trend that has seen more than 60 countries throughout Europe, Latin America, Asia, and Africa undergo some form of democratic transitions since Portugal's "Carnation Revolution" in 1974.

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The Tyranny of Guilt

The Tyranny of Guilt: An Essay on Western Masochism is a book by Pascal Bruckner about the origin and political impact of the contemporary political culture of Western guilt.

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Theaters Against War

Theaters Against War (THAW), is a coalition of theaters and volunteer theater artists organized to protest the Iraq war and the perceived concomitant restrictions on civil liberties in the US.

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Third Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Third Amendment (Amendment III) to the United States Constitution places restrictions on the quartering of soldiers in private homes without the owner's consent, forbidding the practice in peacetime.

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Third party (United States)

Third party is a term used in the United States for American political parties other than the Republican and Democratic parties.

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Thomas F. Monteleone

Thomas Francis Monteleone (born 1946, in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American science fiction author and horror fiction author.

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Thomas Sankara

Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara (21 December 1949 – 15 October 1987) was a Burkinabé pro-people revolutionary, Marxist, pan-Africanist and President of Burkina Faso from 1983 to 1987.

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Thomas Szasz

Thomas Stephen Szasz (Szász Tamás István; 15 April 1920 – 8 September 2012) was a Hungarian-American academic, psychiatrist and psychoanalyst.

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Tillinghast Licht

Tillinghast Licht LLP was a Providence, Rhode Island based law firm, from 1818 to 2008.

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Tim Buck

Timothy "Tim" Buck (January 6, 1891 – March 11, 1973) was a long-time general secretary of the Communist Party of Canada (known from the 1940s until the late 1950s as the Labor-Progressive Party) from 1929 until 1962.

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Tim Farron

Timothy James Farron (born 27 May 1970) is a British politician who was the Leader of the Liberal Democrats between July 2015 and July 2017.

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Timeline for September following the September 11 attacks

This article summarizes the events in the remaining days of September 2001 following the September 11 attacks which relate to the attacks.

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Timeline of disability rights in the United States

This disability rights timeline lists events relating to the civil rights of people with disabilities in the United States of America, including court decisions, the passage of legislation, activists' actions, significant abuses of people with disabilities that illustrate their lack of civil rights at the time, and the founding of various organizations.

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Timeline of events related to the South Thailand insurgency

This article lists a chronology of events in the South Thailand insurgency from the 1960s.

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Tom Davis (Virginia politician)

Thomas Milburn Davis III (born January 5, 1949) is a former Republican member of the United States House of Representatives who represented Virginia's 11th congressional district in Northern Virginia.

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Tom DeLay

Thomas Dale DeLay (born April 8, 1947) is a former member of the United States House of Representatives, representing Texas's 22nd congressional district from 1985 until 2006.

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Tom Frieden

Thomas R. Frieden is an American infectious disease and public health expert, former director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and acting administrator of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry from 2009 to 2017, appointed by President Barack Obama.

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Toronto Star

The Toronto Star is a Canadian broadsheet daily newspaper.

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Transgressive fiction

Transgressive fiction is a genre of literature which focuses on characters who feel confined by the norms and expectations of society and who break free of those confines in unusual or illicit ways.

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Transhumanism

Transhumanism (abbreviated as H+ or h+) is an international intellectual movement that aims to transform the human condition by developing and making widely available sophisticated technologies to greatly enhance human intellect and physiology.

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Transhumanist politics

Transhumanist politics constitute a group of political ideologies that generally express the belief in improving human individuals through science and technology.

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Transition to war

Transition to war (TTW) is a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) military term referring to a period of international tension during which government and society move to an open (but not necessarily declared) war footing.

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Traveling Hopefully

Traveling Hopefully is a 1982 American short documentary film directed by John G. Avildsen.

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Trump: The Kremlin Candidate?

Trump: The Kremlin Candidate? is a documentary film first broadcast by the program Panorama on BBC One, examining links between Trump associates and Russian officials and the relationship between Vladimir Putin and Donald Trump.

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Trusted system

In the security engineering subspecialty of computer science, a trusted system is a system that is relied upon to a specified extent to enforce a specified security policy.

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TSOG: The Thing That Ate the Constitution

TSOG: The Thing That Ate the Constitution is a book by Robert Anton Wilson published in 2002.

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Tuckers Solicitors

Tuckers Solicitors LLP, known as Tuckers Solicitors, is a national criminal defence firm that has particular specialisation in serious crime, extradition, martial and military law, civil liberties, human rights, cyber crime and is one of the largest law firms headquartered in London.

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Twelve Articles

The Twelve Articles were part of the peasants' demands of the Swabian League during the German Peasants' War of 1525.

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UK Parliamentary by-elections

Parliamentary by-elections in the United Kingdom occur following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons.

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Umberto I of Italy

Umberto I (Savoia; 14 March 1844 – 29 July 1900), nicknamed the Good (Italian: il Buono), was the King of Italy from 9 January 1878 until his assassination on 29 July 1900.

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Uncommon Law

Uncommon Law is a book by A. P. Herbert first published by Methuen in 1935.

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Union, Progress and Democracy

Union, Progress and Democracy (Unión Progreso y Democracia, UPyD) is a Spanish political party founded in September 2007.

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United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates (UAE; دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة), sometimes simply called the Emirates (الإمارات), is a federal absolute monarchy sovereign state in Western Asia at the southeast end of the Arabian Peninsula on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman to the east and Saudi Arabia to the south, as well as sharing maritime borders with Qatar to the west and Iran to the north.

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United for Peace and Justice

United for Peace and Justice (UFPJ) is a coalition of more than 1,300, New York Civil Liberties Union.

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United Kingdom competition law

United Kingdom competition law is affected by both British and European elements.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1959

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1959, adopted unanimously on December 16, 2010, after recalling resolutions 1719 (2006), 1791 (2007), 1858 (2008) and 1902 (2009), the Council established the United Nations Office in Burundi (BNUB) to replace the United Nations Integrated Office in Burundi (BINUB) as part of a scaled-down United Nations presence in the country for an initial period of twelve months, beginning January 1, 2011.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 940

United Nations Security Council resolution 940, adopted on 31 July 1994, after recalling resolutions 841 (1993), 861 (1993), 862 (1993), 867 (1993), 873 (1993), 875 (1993), 905 (1994), 917 (1994) and 933 (1994), the Council permitted a United States-led force to restore President Jean-Bertrand Aristide and authorities of the Government of Haiti, and extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) for an additional six months.

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United States assistance to Vietnam

U.S.-Vietnam diplomatic and economic relations were non-existent for more than fifteen years following communist North Vietnam's victory in 1975 over U.S. ally South Vietnam.

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United States Constitution

The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States.

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United States Constitution and worldwide influence

The United States Constitution has had influence internationally on later constitutions and legal thinking.

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United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland, 2008

The 2008 congressional elections in Maryland were held on November 4, 2008 to determine who would represent the state of Maryland in the United States House of Representatives, coinciding with the presidential election.

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United States obscenity law

United States obscenity law deals with the regulation or suppression of what is considered obscenity.

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United States Pirate Party

The United States Pirate Party (USPP) is an American political party founded in 2006 by Brent Allison and Alex English.

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United States presidential election in Oregon, 2008

The 2008 United States presidential election in Oregon took place on November 4, 2008, and was part of the 2008 United States presidential election.

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United States presidential election, 1948

The United States presidential election of 1948 was the 41st quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 2, 1948.

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United States presidential election, 1968

The United States presidential election of 1968 was the 46th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 5, 1968.

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United States Senate election in California, 1950

The 1950 United States Senate election in California followed a campaign characterized by accusations and name-calling.

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University of Michigan Library

The University of Michigan Library is the university library system of the University of Michigan, based in Ann Arbor, Michigan, in the United States.

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Unstoppable: The Emerging Left–Right Alliance to Dismantle the Corporate State

Unstoppable: The Emerging Left-Right Alliance to Dismantle the Corporate State is a non-fiction book by American consumer advocate Ralph Nader, published in 2014 by Nation Books.

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Upper house

An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature (or one of three chambers of a tricameral legislature), the other chamber being the lower house.

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USA Freedom Act

The USA Freedom Act is a U.S. law enacted on June 2, 2015 that restored in modified form several provisions of the Patriot Act, which had expired the day before.

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Usenet personality

A Usenet personality was a particular kind of Internet celebrity, being an individual who gained a certain level of notoriety from posting on Usenet, a global network of computer users with a vast array of topics for discussion.

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Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan, officially also the Republic of Uzbekistan (Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi), is a doubly landlocked Central Asian Sovereign state.

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Vaccine controversies

Vaccine controversies have occurred since almost 80 years before the terms vaccine and vaccination were introduced, and continue to this day.

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Veja (magazine)

Veja (English: see, look) is a Brazilian weekly news magazine published in São Paulo and distributed throughout the country by media conglomerate Grupo Abril.

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Venona project

The Venona project was a counterintelligence program initiated by the United States Army's Signal Intelligence Service (later the National Security Agency) that ran from February 1, 1943 until October 1, 1980.

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Victor Rabinowitz

Victor Rabinowitz (July 2, 1911 – November 16, 2007) was a 20th-Century American lawyer known for representing high-profile dissidents and causes.

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Vidsich

The Civic movement «Vidsich» (Відсіч, Rebuff) is an active Ukrainian nonviolent social movement created in 2010 as a reaction to the policies of then President of Ukraine Victor Yanukovich and his "pro-Russian" tendencies connected with his administration.

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Virgil Madgearu

Virgil Traian N. Madgearu (December 14, 1887 – November 27, 1940) was a Romanian economist, sociologist, and left-wing politician, prominent member and main theorist of the Peasants' Party and of its successor, the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ).

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Vladimir Jovanović

Vladimir Jovanović (Владимир Јовановић; 28 September 1833 - 3 March 1922) was a Serbian philosopher, political theorist, economist, politician, political writer and activist for the unification of all Serbian lands in the Balkans.

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Vyborg Manifesto

The Vyborg Manifesto (translit; also called the Vyborg Appeal) was a proclamation signed by several Russian politicians, primarily Kadets and Trudoviks) of the dissolved First Duma July 22nd 1906 (July 9th O.S.). In the wake of the 1905 Revolution, Russia's first modern parliament, the State Duma, was convoked. It rapidly became a voice of radicalism and liberalism, and was subsequently dissolved by the Tsarist government 72 days after convocation. Outraged, several of the members of the first Duma travelled to Vyborg in the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, where they signed a 'manifesto' calling for public resistance and tax and draft evasion. The manifesto was met with 'universal indifference', which allowed the Tsarist authorities to silence the manifesto's contributors, and they were all banned from participating in future Dumas. The result was that the Kadet party turned towards conservatism and no longer consciously identifying themselves as a party for 'the people'.

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Waco siege

The Waco siege was the siege of a compound belonging to the Branch Davidians, carried out by American federal and Texas state law enforcement, as well as the U.S. military, between February 28 and April 19, 1993.

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Walter Karp

Walter B. Karp (May 14, 1934 – July 19, 1989) was an American journalist, historian, and writer who published in magazines such as American Heritage and Horizon, and was also a contributing editor for Harper's Magazine (edited by friend Lewis H. Lapham), which re-published some of his political history books in 2003.

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Walter Pollak

Walter Pollak (1887–1940) was a 20th-century American civil liberties lawyer, who worked with other important, radical lawyers in the 1920s and 1930s, most famously to defend Communist Benjamin Gitlow before the Supreme Court and the Scottsboro Boys.

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Walter Wolfgang

Walter Jakob Wolfgang (born 23 June 1923) is a German-born British socialist and peace activist.

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War crimes in Manchukuo

War crimes in Manchukuo were committed during the rule of the Empire of Japan in northeast China, either directly, or through its puppet state of Manchukuo, from 1931 to 1945.

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War Measures Act

The War Measures Act (Loi sur les mesures de guerre) (5 George V, Chap. 2) was a statute of the Parliament of Canada that provided for the declaration of war, invasion, or insurrection, and the types of emergency measures that could thereby be taken.

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War on Terror

The War on Terror, also known as the Global War on Terrorism, is an international military campaign that was launched by the United States government after the September 11 attacks in the United States in 2001.

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Warren Court

The Warren Court was the period in the history of the Supreme Court of the United States during which Earl Warren served as Chief Justice.

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Wayne Goss

Wayne Keith Goss (26 February 1951 – 10 November 2014) was Premier of Queensland, Australia, from 7 December 1989 until 19 February 1996, becoming the first Labor Premier in over 32 years.

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Web blocking in the United Kingdom

The precise number of websites blocked in the United Kingdom is unknown.

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What Next for Labour?

What Next for Labour? Ideas for a New Generation is a book released in 2011, edited by Labour blogger and activist Tom Scholes-Fogg and former Liberal Democrat supporter Hisham Hamid.

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Whig history

Whig history (or Whig historiography) is an approach to historiography that presents the past as an inevitable progression towards ever greater liberty and enlightenment, culminating in modern forms of liberal democracy and constitutional monarchy.

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Whitney North Seymour

Whitney North Seymour (January 4, 1901 – May 21, 1983) was a prominent New York trial lawyer who served in the Hoover Administration and later served as the 84th president of the American Bar Association.

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Wilbur Hugh Ferry

Wilbur Hugh Ferry, an American activist, was born on born 17 December 1910, the son of Hugh Joseph Ferry, President and Chairman of the Board of the Packard Motor Company, and Fay Ferry.

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Will Potter

Will Potter is an American independent journalist, public speaker, and the Marsh Visiting Professor of Journalism at the University of Michigan.

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William Adama

William "Bill" Adama (callsign "Husker") is a fictional character portrayed by Edward James Olmos in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica television series produced and aired by the SyFy cable network.

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William O. Douglas

William Orville Douglas (October 16, 1898January 19, 1980) was an American jurist and politician who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

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Wilma Dykeman

Wilma Dykeman Stokely (May 20, 1920 – December 22, 2006) was an American writer of fiction and nonfiction whose works chronicled the people and land of Appalachia.

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Women Against Pornography

Women Against Pornography (WAP) was a radical feminist activist group based out of New York City that had an influential force in the anti-pornography movement of the late 1970s and the 1980s.

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Women in Madagascar

Women in Madagascar, also known as Malagasy women or Malgache women, generally live longer than men, whom they outnumber.

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Women's March on Portland

The Women's March on Portland, also known as the Portland Women's March, the Women's March on Washington, Portland, and Women's March Portland, was an event in Portland, Oregon, scheduled to coincide with the 2017 Women's March, which was held on January 21, 2017, the day after the inauguration of Donald Trump.

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Women's National Council

Women's National Council (Ženská národní rada (ŽNR) (1923-1942) was the only women's umbrella organization in Czechoslovakia and only official women's collective which existed in the country until after 1990. As such, it was the most significant feminist organization in the interwar period. Founded by Františka Plamínková, its members strove for reform of marriage laws and employment restrictions of women, which they believed had been promised by the equality mandate in the new constitution.

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World Intermediary Liability Map

The World Intermediary Liability Map (WILMap) is an online repository of information on international intermediary liability regimes hosted at Stanford CIS.

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Xenon (program)

Xenon is software to perform covert Internet searches and surveillance, presently in use by taxing authorities in at least six nations to investigate the possibilities of tax evasion by various revenue producing web sites (online shops, gambling sites, or pornography sites) and clients selling goods on on-line auction sites.

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Yabloko

The Russian United Democratic Party "Yabloko" (Росси́йская объединённая демократи́ческая па́ртия «Я́блоко» Rossiyskaya obyedinyonnaya demokraticheskaya partiya "Yabloko") is a Russian social-liberal political party founded by Grigory Yavlinsky and currently led by Emilia Slabunova.

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Year Zero (album)

Year Zero is the fifth studio album by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails, released on April 17, 2007 by Interscope Records.

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Yoshiko Uchida

Yoshiko Uchida (November 24, 1921 – June 21, 1992) was a Japanese American writer.

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Young Democrats (Netherlands)

The Young Democrats (Jonge Democraten, JD) is the social-liberal youth organisation of the Netherlands, founded in 1984.

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Young Liberals (Germany)

The Young Liberals (Junge Liberale, JuLis), is a political youth organisation in Germany.

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Young Radicals of the Left

The Young Radicals of the Left (French: Jeunes Radicaux de Gauche abbreviated as JRG), are the youth organisation of the French social-liberal Radical Party of the Left.

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Young Socialist Movement

The Movement of the Young Socialists (Mouvement des Jeunes Socialistes, MJS) or simply Jeunes Socialistes is the youth organisation of the Socialist Party of France.

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Yucca Corridor, Los Angeles

The Yucca Corridor is a '"formerly notorious" and "once crime-ridden" stretch of Yucca Avenue in Hollywood, California, north of Hollywood Boulevard and Mann's Chinese Theater.

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Zechariah Chafee

Zechariah Chafee, Jr. (December 7, 1885 – February 8, 1957), was an American professor of law, judicial philosopher and civil rights advocate.

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Zehava Gal-On

Zehava Gal-On (זֶהָבָה גַּלְאוֹן; born 4 January 1956) is an Israeli politician, serving as a member of the Knesset from 1999 to 2017.

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Zeitgeist (film series)

Zeitgeist is a series of three documentary films released between 2007 and 2011 that present a number of conspiracy theories, as well as proposals for broad social and economic changes.

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Zircon affair

The Zircon affair was an incident in 1986 and 1987 caused by the planned broadcast on the BBC of a television programme about the ultimately cancelled Zircon signals intelligence satellite, as part of the six-part Secret Society series.

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14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician)

The 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician) (14., 14а Гренадерська Дивізія СС (1а галицька)), prior to 1944 titled the 14th SS-Volunteer Division "Galicia" (14., 14а Добровільна Дивізія СС "Галичина") was a World War II German military formation made up predominantly of volunteers with a Ukrainian ethnic background from the area of Galicia,Williamson Gordon, SS Hitler's Instrument of Terror, Amber books 1994, pp.123–4 later also with some Slovaks and Czechs.

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15 February 2003 anti-war protests

On 15 February 2003, there was a coordinated day of protests across the world in which people in more than 600 cities expressed opposition to the imminent Iraq War.

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1765 in Great Britain

Events from the year 1765 in Great Britain.

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1830s

The 1830s decade ran from January 1, 1830, to December 31, 1839.

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1832

No description.

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1920s Berlin

The Golden Twenties was a vibrant period in the history of Berlin, Germany, Europe and the world in general.

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1966 Syrian coup d'état

The 1966 Syrian coup d'état refers to events between 21 and 23 February in which the government of the Syrian Arab Republic was overthrown and replaced.

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1990 (TV series)

1990 is a British then-futuristic political drama television series produced by the BBC and shown in 1977 and 1978.

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2009 Peruvian political crisis

The 2009 Peruvian political crisis resulted from the ongoing opposition to oil development in the Peruvian Amazon by local Native Americans; they protested Petroperú and confronted the National Police.

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21st century

The 21st century is the current century of the Anno Domini era or Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.

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32 Demands

The 32 Demands were a list of proposals for governmental reform issued by the Committee to Settle the Monopoly Bureau Incident (also known as Settlement Committee, 228事件處理委員會 or People's Purge Committee) during the February 28 Incident which occurred in Taiwan in 1947.

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9/11 Truth movement

Adherents of the 9/11 Truth movement are conspiracy theorists who dispute the mainstream account of the September 11 attacks of 2001.

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Redirects here:

Civil Liberties, Civil freedom, Civil libertarians, Civil liberty, Individual liberty, Personal Freedom, Personal freedom.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_liberties

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