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143 relations: Abisare, Adad-apla-iddina, Adad-shuma-iddina, Adad-shuma-usur, Akkadian language, Ammi-Ditana, Amorites, Ancient economic thought, Ancient Mesopotamian religion, Ancient Near East, Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples, Archaeological looting in Iraq, É (temple), Babylon, Babylonia, Bad-tibira, Bronze Age, Bur-Suen, Burney Relief, Canaan, Chart of ancient Near East rulers, Code of Hammurabi, Constitution, Correspondence of the Kings of Ur, Cuneiform law, Dagon, Damiq-ilishu, Dynasty of Isin, Early Kassite rulers, Early Period (Assyria), Eastern Arabia, Ehursag, Elam, Enlil-bani, Enlil-nadin-ahi, Enlil-nadin-apli, Erra-imitti, Eshnunna, Ethnic, cultural and religious groups of Bahrain, Euphrates, First Babylonian dynasty, Geshtinanna, Gungunum, Hamazi, Hammurabi, Historical urban community sizes, History of Bahrain, History of Iraq, History of Mesopotamia, History of money, ..., History of Sumer, History of the Assyrian people, Hymn to Enlil, Ibbi-Sin, Iddin-Dagan, Ikūn-pî-Ištar, Ilu-shuma, Inanna, Iran–Iraq relations, Iraq, Ishme-Dagan, Isin (disambiguation), Iter-pisha, Itti-Marduk-balatu (king), Kabta, Kadashman-Enlil I, Kassites, Kesh temple hymn, Kidin-Hutran, Kish (Sumer), Kudurru for Šitti-Marduk, Kudurru for Ritti-Marduk, Kulla (god), Larsa, Lexical lists, Lipit-Enlil, Lipit-Ishtar, List of ancient legal codes, List of archaeological sites by country, List of artifacts in biblical archaeology, List of cities of the ancient Near East, List of conflicts in Asia, List of conflicts in the Near East, List of Copper Age states, List of destroyed heritage, List of kings of Babylon, List of largest cities throughout history, List of Mesopotamian deities, List of Mesopotamian dynasties, List of political entities in the 35th century BC, List of rulers of Elam, List of rulers of the pre-Achaemenid kingdoms of Iran, List of state leaders in the 11th century BC, List of state leaders in the 12th century BC, List of wars before 1000, Lulal, Marc Van de Mieroop, Marduk, Marduk-ahhe-eriba, Marduk-balassu-iqbi, Marduk-kabit-ahheshu, Marduk-nadin-ahhe, Marduk-shapik-zeri, Marduk-zer-X, Meli-Shipak II, Middle chronology, Middle Eastern empires, Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, Nabu-apla-iddina, Nabu-shum-libur, Nazi-Maruttash, Nebuchadnezzar I, Neo-Assyrian Empire, Nergal, Nimrod, Ninurta-nadin-shumi, Nippur, Noah's Ark, Old Assyrian Empire, Pabilsaĝ, Rabâ-ša-Marduk, Ramesses VI, Rim-Sin I, Samsu-iluna, Sîn-kāšid, Sealand Dynasty, Shamshi-Adad IV, Short chronology, Simbar-shipak, Sin-Iqisham, Sin-Muballit, Subartu, Suen-magir, Sumer, Sumerian King List, Third Dynasty of Ur, Ubaid period, Ur-du-kuga, Ur-Ninurta, Waddell's chronology, Zabala (Sumer), Zambiya, 18th century BC. Expand index (93 more) »
Abisare
Abisare ruled the ancient West Asian city-state of Larsa from 1841 BC to 1830 BC.
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Adad-apla-iddina
Adad-apla-iddina, typically inscribed in cuneiform mdIM-DUMU.UŠ-SUM-na, mdIM-A-SUM-namdAdad-àpla-idinnana.
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Adad-shuma-iddina
Adad-šuma-iddina, inscribed mdIM-MU-SUM-na, ("Adad has given a name") and dated to around ca.
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Adad-shuma-usur
Adad-šuma-uṣur, inscribed dIM-MU-ŠEŠ, meaning "O Adad, protect the name!," and dated very tentatively ca.
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Akkadian language
Akkadian (akkadû, ak-ka-du-u2; logogram: URIKI)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.
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Ammi-Ditana
Ammi-Ditana was a king of Babylon who reigned from 1683–1640s BC.
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Amorites
The Amorites (Sumerian 𒈥𒌅 MAR.TU; Akkadian Tidnum or Amurrūm; Egyptian Amar; Hebrew אמורי ʼĔmōrī; Ἀμορραῖοι) were an ancient Semitic-speaking people from Syria who also occupied large parts of southern Mesopotamia from the 21st century BC to the end of the 17th century BC, where they established several prominent city states in existing locations, notably Babylon, which was raised from a small town to an independent state and a major city.
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Ancient economic thought
In the history of economic thought, ancient economic thought refers to the ideas from people before the Middle Ages.
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Ancient Mesopotamian religion
Mesopotamian religion refers to the religious beliefs and practices of the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia, particularly Sumer, Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia between circa 3500 BC and 400 AD, after which they largely gave way to Syriac Christianity.
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Ancient Near East
The ancient Near East was the home of early civilizations within a region roughly corresponding to the modern Middle East: Mesopotamia (modern Iraq, southeast Turkey, southwest Iran, northeastern Syria and Kuwait), ancient Egypt, ancient Iran (Elam, Media, Parthia and Persia), Anatolia/Asia Minor and Armenian Highlands (Turkey's Eastern Anatolia Region, Armenia, northwestern Iran, southern Georgia, and western Azerbaijan), the Levant (modern Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, and Jordan), Cyprus and the Arabian Peninsula.
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Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples
Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples were West Asian people who lived throughout the Ancient Near East, including the Levant, Mesopotamia, Arabian peninsula, and Horn of Africa from the third millennium BC until the end of antiquity.
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Archaeological looting in Iraq
Archaeological looting in Iraq took place on the aftermath of the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003.
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É (temple)
É (Cuneiform) is the Sumerian word or symbol for house or temple.
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Babylon
Babylon (KA2.DIĜIR.RAKI Bābili(m); Aramaic: בבל, Babel; بَابِل, Bābil; בָּבֶל, Bavel; ܒܒܠ, Bāwēl) was a key kingdom in ancient Mesopotamia from the 18th to 6th centuries BC.
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Babylonia
Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq).
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Bad-tibira
Bad-tibira(Sumerian:, bad3-tibiraki), "Wall of the Copper Worker(s)", or "Fortress of the Smiths", identified as modern Tell al-Madineh, between Ash Shatrah and Tell as-Senkereh (ancient Larsa) in southern Iraq, was an ancient Sumerian city, which appears among antediluvian cities in the Sumerian King List.
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Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze, and in some areas proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization.
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Bur-Suen
Būr-Sîn, inscribed dbur-dEN.ZU, c. 1831 – 1811 BC (short chronology) or c. 1895 – 1874 BC (middle chronology) was the 7th king of the 1st Dynasty of Isin and ruled for 21 years according to the Sumerian King List,Sumerian King List, WS 444, the Weld Blundell prism.
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Burney Relief
The Burney Relief (also known as the Queen of the Night relief) is a Mesopotamian terracotta plaque in high relief of the Isin-Larsa or Old-Babylonian period, depicting a winged, nude, goddess-like figure with bird's talons, flanked by owls, and perched upon two lions.
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Canaan
Canaan (Northwest Semitic:; Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 Kenā‘an; Hebrew) was a Semitic-speaking region in the Ancient Near East during the late 2nd millennium BC.
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Chart of ancient Near East rulers
No description.
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Code of Hammurabi
The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian code of law of ancient Mesopotamia, dated back to about 1754 BC (Middle Chronology).
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Constitution
A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.
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Correspondence of the Kings of Ur
The Correspondence of the Kings of Ur (CKU), also known as the Royal Correspondence of Ur, is a collection of 24 literary letters written in the Sumerian language and attributed to kings of the Ur III period, 2048-1940 BCE (2112-2004 middle chronology).
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Cuneiform law
Cuneiform law refers to any of the legal codes written in cuneiform script, that were developed and used throughout the ancient Middle East among the Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Elamites, Hurrians, Kassites, and Hittites.
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Dagon
Dagon (Dāgūn; דָּגוֹן, Tib.) or Dagan (𒀭𒁕𒃶) is an ancient Mesopotamian (Assyro-Babylonian) and Levantine (Canaanite) deity.
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Damiq-ilishu
Damiq-ilīšu, inscribed dda-mi-iq ì-lí-šu, c. 1752 – 1730 BC (short chronology) or c. 1816 – 1794 BC (middle chronology) was the 15th and final king of Isin.
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Dynasty of Isin
The Dynasty of Isin refers to the final ruling dynasty listed on the Sumerian King List (SKL).
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Early Kassite rulers
The early Kassite rulers are the sequence of eight, or possibly nine, names which appear on the Babylonian and Assyrian King Lists purporting to represent the first or ancestral monarchs of the dynasty that was to become the Kassite or 3rd Dynasty of Babylon which governed for 576 years, 9 months, 36 kings, according to the King List A.King List A, BM 33332.
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Early Period (Assyria)
The Early Period refers to the history of Assyrian civilization of Mesopotamia between 2500 BCE and 2025 BCE.
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Eastern Arabia
Eastern Arabia was historically known as Bahrain (البحرين) until the 18th century.
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Ehursag
Ehursag is a Sumerian term meaning "house of the mountains".
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Elam
Elam (Elamite: haltamti, Sumerian: NIM.MAki) was an ancient Pre-Iranian civilization centered in the far west and southwest of what is now modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of what is now Khuzestan and Ilam Province as well as a small part of southern Iraq.
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Enlil-bani
Enlil-bāni,Inscribed dEn-líl-dù or dEn-líl-ba-ni.
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Enlil-nadin-ahi
Enlil-nādin-aḫe,Written contemporarily as dEN.LÍL-MU-ŠEŠ.
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Enlil-nadin-apli
Enlil-nādin-apli, "Enlil (is) giver of an heir," ca.
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Erra-imitti
Erra-Imittī, (cuneiform: dèr-ra-i-mit-tiUr-Isin King List 14. or èr-ra-ZAG.LUChronicle of Early Kings (ABC 20) A 31 to 36 and repeated as B 1 to 7. meaning “Support of Erra”) ca.
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Eshnunna
Eshnunna (modern Tell Asmar in Diyala Province, Iraq) was an ancient Sumerian (and later Akkadian) city and city-state in central Mesopotamia.
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Ethnic, cultural and religious groups of Bahrain
Bahrain is a nation in the Persian Gulf, in a strategical position in relation to the eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Iraq and Oman.
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Euphrates
The Euphrates (Sumerian: Buranuna; 𒌓𒄒𒉣 Purattu; الفرات al-Furāt; ̇ܦܪܬ Pǝrāt; Եփրատ: Yeprat; פרת Perat; Fırat; Firat) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.
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First Babylonian dynasty
The chronology of the first dynasty of Babylonia (also First Babylonian Empire) is debated as there is a Babylonian King List A and a Babylonian King List B. In this chronology, the regnal years of List A are used due to their wide usage.
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Geshtinanna
Geshtinanna (also known as Geštinanna or Ngeshtin-ana) is the ancient Sumerian goddess of agriculture, fertility, and dream interpretation, the so-called "heavenly grape-vine".
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Gungunum
Gungunum was a king of the city state of Larsa in southern Mesopotamia, ruling from 1932 to 1906 BC.
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Hamazi
Hamazi or Khamazi (Sumerian: Ḫa-ma-zi2ki) was an ancient kingdom or city-state of some importance that reached its peak c. 2500–2400 BC.
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Hammurabi
Hammurabi was the sixth king of the First Babylonian Dynasty, reigning from 1792 BC to 1750 BC (according to the Middle Chronology).
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Historical urban community sizes
These are estimated populations of historical cities over time.
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History of Bahrain
Bahrain was the central location of the ancient Dilmun civilization.
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History of Iraq
The territory of the modern state of Iraq was defined in 1920 as Mandatory Iraq.
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History of Mesopotamia
The history of Mesopotamia ranges from the earliest human occupation in the Lower Paleolithic period up to the Late antiquity.
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History of money
The history of money concerns the development of means of carrying out transactions involving a medium of exchange.
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History of Sumer
The history of Sumer, taken to include the prehistoric Ubaid and Uruk periods, spans the 5th to 3rd millennia BC, ending with the downfall of the Third Dynasty of Ur around 2004 BC, followed by a transitional period of Amorite states before the rise of Babylonia in the 18th century BC.
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History of the Assyrian people
The history of the Assyrian people begins with the appearance of Akkadian speaking peoples in Mesopotamia at some point between 3500 and 3000 BC, followed by the formation of Assyria in the 25th century BC.
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Hymn to Enlil
The Hymn to Enlil, Enlil and the Ekur (Enlil A), Hymn to the Ekur, Hymn and incantation to Enlil, Hymn to Enlil the all beneficent or Excerpt from an exorcism is a Sumerian myth, written on clay tablets in the late third millennium BC.
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Ibbi-Sin
Ibbi-Sin, son of Shu-Sin, was king of Sumer and Akkad and last king of the Ur III dynasty, and reigned c. 1963 BC-1940 BC (Short chronology).
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Iddin-Dagan
Iddin-Dagan (Akkadian: Iddin-Dagān, inscribed di-din dda-gan; fl. c. 1910 BC — c. 1890 BC by the short chronology of the ancient Near East or c. 1975 BC — c. 1954 BC by the middle chronology) was the 3rd king of the dynasty of Isin.
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Ikūn-pî-Ištar
Ikūn-pî-Ištar, meaning “Ištar's word has come true” and inscribed u-un-pi4-eš4-tár, was a Mesopotamian king (ca. 1825–1799 BC short chronology) of uncertain jurisdiction, Jakobson suggested Uruk, presumably preceding Sîn-kāšid, contemporary with the latter part of the 1st Dynasty of Isin.
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Ilu-shuma
Ilu-shuma or Ilu-šūma, inscribed DINGIR-šum-ma,Khorsabad copy of the Assyrian King List i 24, 26.
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Inanna
Inanna was the ancient Sumerian goddess of love, beauty, sex, desire, fertility, war, combat, justice, and political power.
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Iran–Iraq relations
Iran–Iraq relations (Persian: روابط ایران و عراق; Arabic: العلاقات العراقية الإيرانية) extend for millennia into the past.
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Iraq
Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.
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Ishme-Dagan
Ishme-Dagan (Akkadian: Išme-Dagān; fl. c. 1889 BC — c. 1871 BC by the short chronology of the ancient near east) was the 4th king of the First Dynasty of Isin, according to the "Sumerian King List" (SKL).
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Isin (disambiguation)
Isin is an ancient city in Mesopotamia.
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Iter-pisha
Īter-pīša, inscribed in cuneiform as i-te-er-pi/pi4-ša and meaning "Her command is surpassing", ca.
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Itti-Marduk-balatu (king)
Itti-Marduk-balāṭu, inscribed mKI-dAMAR.UTU-DIN-(ilu)Marduk-balâṭu.
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Kabta
Kabta, inscribed dkab-ta, dka-ab-ta, dTA-gu-nû, or later dTAxMI, was a rather obscure Mesopotamian deity who appears in texts and seals of the second and first millennium BC.
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Kadashman-Enlil I
Kadašman-Enlil I, typically rendered mka-dáš-man-dEN.LÍL in contemporary inscriptions (with the archaic masculine determinative preceding his name), was a Kassite King of Babylon from ca.
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Kassites
The Kassites were people of the ancient Near East, who controlled Babylonia after the fall of the Old Babylonian Empire c. 1531 BC and until c. 1155 BC (short chronology).
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Kesh temple hymn
The Kesh Temple Hymn or Liturgy to Nintud or Liturgy to Nintud on the creation of man and woman is a Sumerian tablet, written on clay tablets as early as 2600 BCE.
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Kidin-Hutran
Kidin-Hutran is a middle-Elamite king of the Igihalkid dynasty known for his wars with Babylonia.
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Kish (Sumer)
Kish (Sumerian: Kiš; transliteration: Kiški; cuneiform:; Akkadian: kiššatu) was an ancient tell (hill city) of Sumer in Mesopotamia, considered to have been located near the modern Tell al-Uhaymir in the Babil Governorate of Iraq, east of Babylon and 80 km south of Baghdad.
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Kudurru for Šitti-Marduk
The Kudurru for Šitti-Marduk is a white limestone boundary stone (Kudurru) of Nebuchadrezzar I, a king of the 2nd Dynasty of Isin, ca.
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Kudurru for Ritti-Marduk
The Kudurru for Šitti-Marduk is a white limestone boundary stone (Kudurru) of Nebuchadrezzar I, a king of the 2nd Dynasty of Isin, ca.
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Kulla (god)
Kulla, inscribed in cuneiform as dSIG4, where SIG4 was the Sumerogram for Akkadian word libittu, “brick,” was the Sumero-Babylonian brick-god who was invoked alongside Mušdam, the divine architect at the outset when laying a foundation for a building, but consequently banished when construction work was completed in elaborate incantation rituals which formed a part of the exorcists curriculum.
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Larsa
Larsa (Sumerian logogram: UD.UNUGKI, read Larsamki) was an important city of ancient Sumer, the center of the cult of the sun god Utu.
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Lexical lists
The cuneiform lexical lists are a series of ancient Mesopotamian glossaries which preserve the semantics of Sumerograms, their phonetic value and their Akkadian or other language equivalents.
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Lipit-Enlil
Lipit-Enlil, written dli-pí-it den.líl, where the Sumerian King ListThe Sumerian King List Ash.
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Lipit-Ishtar
Lipit-Ishtar (Akkadian: Lipit-Ištar; fl. c. 1870 BC — c. 1860 BC by the short chronology of the ancient near east) was the 5th king of the First Dynasty of Isin, according to the "Sumerian King List" (SKL).
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List of ancient legal codes
The legal code was a common feature of the legal systems of the ancient Middle East.
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List of archaeological sites by country
This is a list of notable archaeological sites sorted by country and territories.
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List of artifacts in biblical archaeology
The following is a list of artifacts, objects created or modified by human culture, that are significant to the historicity of the Bible.
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List of cities of the ancient Near East
The earliest cities in history appear in the ancient Near East.
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List of conflicts in Asia
This is a list of wars and conflicts in Asia, particularly East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Russia.
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List of conflicts in the Near East
The area known as the "Near East" is usually referred to as Middle East in modern contexts.
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List of Copper Age states
The Chalcolithic (The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998), p. 301: "Chalcolithic /,kælkəl'lɪθɪk/ adjective Archaeology of, relating to, or denoting a period in the 4th and 3rd millennium BCE, chiefly in the Near East and SE Europe, during which some weapons and tools were made of copper. This period was still largely Neolithic in character. Also called Eneolithic... Also called Copper Age - Origin early 20th cent.: from Greek khalkos 'copper' + lithos 'stone' + -ic". χαλκός khalkós, "copper" and λίθος líthos, "stone") period or Copper Age, also known as the Eneolithic or Æneolithic (from Latin aeneus "of bronze"), is a phase of the Bronze Age before it was discovered that adding tin to copper formed the harder bronze.
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List of destroyed heritage
This is a list of cultural heritage sites which were damaged or destroyed throughout the course of history, sorted by country.
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List of kings of Babylon
The following is a list of the kings of Babylonia (ancient southern-central Iraq), compiled from the traditional Babylonian king lists and modern archaeological findings.
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List of largest cities throughout history
This article lists the largest cities or urban areas by estimated population in history.
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List of Mesopotamian deities
Deities in ancient Mesopotamia were almost exclusively anthropomorphic.
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List of Mesopotamian dynasties
Base on an Assyria record of Eclipse on June 15, 763 BC, and the related date documents between Assyria and Babylonia, the dates after 1400 BC are reliable.
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List of political entities in the 35th century BC
;List of Copper Age political entities – Political entities in the 21st century BC – Political entities by century This is a list of political entities in the 35th century BC (3500–3401 BC).
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List of rulers of Elam
This is a List of rulers of Elam from earliest times to the Persian Empire.
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List of rulers of the pre-Achaemenid kingdoms of Iran
The Elamites settlement was in southwestern Iran, where is modern Khuzestan, Ilam, Fars, Bushehr, Lorestan, Bakhtiari and Kohgiluyeh provinces.
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List of state leaders in the 11th century BC
;State leaders in the 12th century BC – State leaders in the 10th century BC – State leaders by year This is a list of state leaders in the 11th century BC (1100–1001 BC).
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List of state leaders in the 12th century BC
;State leaders in the 13th century BC – State leaders in the 11th century BC – State leaders by year This is a list of state leaders in the 12th century BC (1200–1101 BC).
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List of wars before 1000
This is a list of wars that began before 1000 AD. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity.
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Lulal
In Sumerian mythology, Lulal, inscribed dlú.làl in cuneiform, is the younger son of Inanna.
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Marc Van de Mieroop
Marc Van de Mieroop (Ph.D. Yale University 1983) is a professor (full professor 1996) of Ancient Near Eastern history at Columbia University.
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Marduk
Marduk (cuneiform: dAMAR.UTU; Sumerian: amar utu.k "calf of the sun; solar calf"; Greek Μαρδοχαῖος, Mardochaios) was a late-generation god from ancient Mesopotamia and patron deity of the city of Babylon.
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Marduk-ahhe-eriba
Marduk-aḫḫē-erība, inscribed in cuneiform contemporarily as mdAMAR.UTU-ŠEŠ-MEŠ-SU, meaning: “Marduk has replaced the brothers for me,” a designation given to younger sons whose older siblings have typically predeceased them, ca.
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Marduk-balassu-iqbi
Marduk-balāssu-iqbi, inscribed mdAMAR.UTU-TI-su-iq-biKudurru AO 6684 in the Louvre, published as RA 16 (1919) 126 iv 17.
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Marduk-kabit-ahheshu
Marduk-kabit-aḫḫēšu, "Marduk is the most important among his brothers", ca.
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Marduk-nadin-ahhe
Marduk-nādin-aḫḫē, inscribed mdAMAR.UTU-na-din-MU, ca.
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Marduk-shapik-zeri
Marduk-šāpik-zēri, inscribed in cuneiform dAMAR.UTU-DUB-NUMUN or phonetically -ša-pi-ik-ze-ri, and meaning “Marduk (is) the outpourer of seed”, ca.
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Marduk-zer-X
Marduk-zer-X (ca. 1046–1033 BC) was the 10th and penultimate king of the 2nd Dynasty of Isin, the 4th Dynasty of Babylon.
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Meli-Shipak II
Meli-Šipak II, or alternatively MelišiḫuMe-li-dŠI-ḪU or mMe-li-ŠI-ḪU, where the reading of ḪU is uncertain, -ḫu or -pak.
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Middle chronology
The middle chronology is one chronology of the Near Eastern Bronze and Early Iron Age, which fixes the reign of Hammurabi to 1792–1750 BCE and the sack of Babylon to 1595 BCE.
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Middle Eastern empires
Middle Eastern empires have existed in the Middle East at various periods between 5000 BCE and 1924 CE; they have been instrumental in the spreading of ideas, technology and religions within Middle Eastern territories and to outlying territories.
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Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
The Neo-Assyrian Empire arose in the 10th century BC.
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Nabu-apla-iddina
Nabû-apla-iddina, inscribed mdNábû-ápla-iddinanaSynchronistic History, tablet K4401a (ABC 21), iii 22–26.
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Nabu-shum-libur
Nabû-šumu-libūr, inscribed dAG.MU-li-burTablet BM 33332 Kinglist A, iii 4'.
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Nazi-Maruttash
Nazi-Maruttaš, typically inscribed Na-zi-Ma-ru-ut-ta-aš or mNa-zi-Múru-taš, Maruttaš (a Kassite god synonymous with Ninurta) protects him, was a Kassite king of Babylon c. 1307–1282 BC (short chronology) and self-proclaimed šar kiššati, or “King of the World,” according to the votive inscription pictured.
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Nebuchadnezzar I
Nebuchadnezzar I, r. c. 1125–1104 BC, was the fourth king of the Second Dynasty of Isin and Fourth Dynasty of Babylon.
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Neo-Assyrian Empire
The Neo-Assyrian Empire was an Iron Age Mesopotamian empire, in existence between 911 and 609 BC, and became the largest empire of the world up till that time.
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Nergal
Nergal, Nirgal, or Nirgali (Sumerian: dGÌR-UNUG-GAL;; Aramaic ܢܹܪܓܵܐܠ; Nergel) was a deity worshipped throughout Mesopotamia (Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia) with the main seat of his worship at Cuthah represented by the mound of Tell-Ibrahim.
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Nimrod
Nimrod (ܢܡܪܘܕ, النمرود an-Namrūd), a biblical figure described as a king in the land of Shinar (Assyria/Mesopotamia), was, according to the Book of Genesis and Books of Chronicles, the son of Cush, therefore the great-grandson of Noah.
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Ninurta-nadin-shumi
Ninurta-nādin-šumi,Ninurta-nādin-šumāti in the Chronicle of Aššur-reš-iši.
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Nippur
Nippur (Sumerian: Nibru, often logographically recorded as, EN.LÍLKI, "Enlil City;": Vol. 1, Part 1. Accessed 15 Dec 2010. Akkadian: Nibbur) was among the most ancient of Sumerian cities.
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Noah's Ark
Noah's Ark (תיבת נח; Biblical Hebrew: Tevat Noaḥ) is the vessel in the Genesis flood narrative (Genesis chapters 6–9) by which God spares Noah, his family, and a remnant of all the world's animals from a world-engulfing flood.
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Old Assyrian Empire
The Old Assyrian Empire is one of four periods in which the history of Assyria is divided, the other three being the Early Assyrian Period, the Middle Assyrian Period, and the New Assyrian Period.
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Pabilsaĝ
Pabilsaĝ /pabilsaŋ/, in Mesopotamian tradition was a tutelary god of the city of Isin.
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Rabâ-ša-Marduk
Rabâ-ša-Marduk, “great are (the deeds) of Marduk”, was a prominent physician, or asû, from the city of Nippur who was posted to the Hittite court of Muwatalli II (c. 1295–1272 BC short chronology) in Anatolia in the thirteenth century BC, apparently as part of a diplomatic mission of Kassite king Kadašman-Turgu (1281–1264 BC short chronology).
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Ramesses VI
Ramesses VI Nebmaatre-Meryamun (sometimes written Ramses or Rameses, also known under his princely name of Amenherkhepshef C) was the fifth ruler of the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt.
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Rim-Sin I
Rim-Sin I ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1758 BC to 1699 BC (in short chronology) or 1822 BC to 1763 BC (middle chronology).
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Samsu-iluna
Samsu-iluna (Amorite: Shamshu; c. 1750–1712 BC) was the seventh king of the founding Amorite dynasty of Babylon, ruling from 1750 BC to 1712 BC (middle chronology), or from 1686 to 1648 BC (short chronology).
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Sîn-kāšid
Sîn-kāšid, inscribed dEN.ZU-kà-ši-id, was the king of the ancient Mesopotamian city of Uruk during the first half of the 18th century BC.
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Sealand Dynasty
The Sealand Dynasty, (URU.KÙKIWhere ŠEŠ-ḪA of King List A and ŠEŠ-KÙ-KI of King List B are read as URU.KÙ.KI) or the 2nd Dynasty of Babylon (although it was independent of Amorite ruled Babylon), very speculatively c. 1732–1460 BC (short chronology), is an enigmatic series of kings attested to primarily in laconic references in the king lists A and B, and as contemporaries recorded on the Assyrian Synchronistic king list A.117.
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Shamshi-Adad IV
Šamši-Adad IV, inscribed mdšam-ši-dIM, was the king of Assyria, 1054/3–1050 BC, the 91st to be listed on the Assyrian Kinglist.
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Short chronology
The short chronology is one of the chronologies of the Near Eastern Bronze and Early Iron Age, which fixes the reign of Hammurabi to 1728–1686 BC and the sack of Babylon to 1531 BC.
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Simbar-shipak
Simbar-Šipak, or perhaps Simbar-Šiḫu,Earlier readings render his name as Simmash-Shipak.
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Sin-Iqisham
Sin-Iqisham ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1776 BC to 1771 BC.
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Sin-Muballit
Sin-Muballit was the father of Hammurabi and the fifth Amorite king of the first dynasty (the Amorite Dynasty) of Babylonia, reigning c. 1748 to 1729 BC.
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Subartu
The land of Subartu (Akkadian Šubartum/Subartum/ina Šú-ba-ri, Assyrian mât Šubarri) or Subar (Sumerian Su-bir4/Subar/Šubur) is mentioned in Bronze Age literature.
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Suen-magir
Sîn-māgir, inscribed dEN.ZU-ma-gir, “Sîn upholds,” c. 1763 – 1753 BC (short chronology) or c. 1827 – 1817 BC (middle chronology) was the 14th king of Isin and he reigned for 11 years.
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Sumer
SumerThe name is from Akkadian Šumeru; Sumerian en-ĝir15, approximately "land of the civilized kings" or "native land".
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Sumerian King List
The Sumerian King List is an ancient stone tablet originally recorded in the Sumerian language, listing kings of Sumer (ancient southern Iraq) from Sumerian and neighboring dynasties, their supposed reign lengths, and the locations of the kingship.
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Third Dynasty of Ur
The terms "Third Dynasty of Ur" and "Neo-Sumerian Empire" refer to both a 22nd to 21st century BC (middle chronology) Sumerian ruling dynasty based in the city of Ur and a short-lived territorial-political state which some historians consider to have been a nascent empire.
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Ubaid period
The Ubaid period (c. 6500 to 3800 BC) is a prehistoric period of Mesopotamia.
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Ur-du-kuga
Ur-dukuga, written dur-du6-kù-ga, ca.
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Ur-Ninurta
Ur-Ninurta, c. 1859 – 1832 BC (short chronology) or c. 1923 – 1896 BC (middle chronology), was the 6th king of the 1st Dynasty of Isin.
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Waddell's chronology
Waddell's chronology or Waddell's king list is an Ancient Near Eastern chronology developed by the British Laurence Waddell in his book, Egyptian Civilization: Its Sumerian Origin and Real Chronology, published in 1930.
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Zabala (Sumer)
Zabala (also Zabalam, modern Tell Ibzeikh, Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq) was a city of ancient Sumer in what is now the Dhi Qar governorate in Iraq.
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Zambiya
Zambīia, dza-am-bi-ia, c. 1774 – 1772 BC (short chronology) or c. 1836 – 1834 BC (middle chronology), was the 11th king of the 1st Dynasty of Isin.
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18th century BC
The 18th century BC was the century which lasted from 1800 BC to 1701 BC.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isin
