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1973 Chilean coup d'état

Index 1973 Chilean coup d'état

The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a watershed moment in both the history of Chile and the Cold War. [1]

170 relations: ABC Color, AK-47, Alejandrina Cox incident, Alexander Nove, Alfredo Ovando Candía, Anti-communism, Argentina, Argentine Revolution, Augusto Pinochet, Australian Secret Intelligence Service, Australian Security Intelligence Organisation, Éditions Gallimard, Black market, Black propaganda, Bodyguard, Bolivia, Brazil, Caesar (title), Carabineros de Chile, Caravan of Death, Carlos Prats, Caudillo, César Mendoza, Central Intelligence Agency, Charles Horman, Chile, Chilean Air Force, Chilean Army, Chilean Canadians, Chilean national plebiscite, 1988, Chilean Navy, Chilean peso, Chilean presidential election, 1970, Christian Democratic Party (Chile), Church Committee, Cold War, Commentary (magazine), Concepción, Chile, Confederation of Democracy, Corporal, Country club, Coup d'état, Cuba, Cuban packages, Death of Salvador Allende, Defense Intelligence Agency, Democracy Now!, Detention (imprisonment), Dieter Nohlen, Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional, ..., Don Francisco (television host), Economic warfare, Eduardo Frei Montalva, Edward M. Korry, El Mercurio, Esmeralda (BE-43), Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos, False flag, Fatherland and Liberty, Fidel Castro, Fidel Castro's state visit to Chile, Forced disappearance, France, Frank Church, Frank Teruggi, Gonzalo Vial Correa, Gough Whitlam, Government Junta of Chile (1924), Government Junta of Chile (1973), Gustavo Leigh, Hawker Hunter, Henry Kissinger, History of Chile, Ideology, Internet Archive, ITT Inc., Jacobin (magazine), Jaime Guzmán, Jeane Kirkpatrick, Jorge Alessandri, José Toribio Merino, Juan Perón, Juan Velasco Alvarado, La Moneda Palace, La Tercera, Library of Congress Country Studies, Llama de la Libertad, LOM Ediciones, Machuca, Marjorie Agosín, Max Marambio, Michelle Bachelet, Miguel Enríquez (politician), Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–90), Military of Chile, Missing (1982 film), Money, Museum of Memory and Human Rights, National Congress of Chile, National Defense University, National Intelligence Council, National Security Archive, Operation Condor, Operation Toucan (KGB), Orlando Letelier, Osvaldo Andrade, Oversight of United States covert operations, Paris, Patio 29, Patricio Carvajal, Patrick Leahy, Pedro Vuskovic, Peru, Peter Winn, Popular Unity (Chile), Presidency of Bill Clinton, Presidency of Salvador Allende, President of Chile, President of the United States, Private (rank), Project FUBELT, Providencia, Chile, Quiriquina Island, Radio Cooperativa, Radomiro Tomic, Recurso de amparo, René Schneider, Rettig Report, Revolutionary Left Movement (Chile), Ricardo Lagos, Richard Nixon, Roberto Souper Onfray, Roberto Viaux, Routledge, Salvador Allende, Schneider Doctrine, Sebastián Piñera, Sergeant, Sheila Cassidy, Socialist Party of Chile, South America, Soviet Union, Sun Axelsson, Supreme Court of Chile, Tacnazo, Tanquetazo, The Battle of Chile, The Black Pimpernel, The Guardian, The House of the Spirits, Torture, United States, United States Intelligence Community, United States intervention in Chile, United States National Security Council, United States Southern Command, Valech Report, Valparaíso, Víctor Jara, Villa Baviera, Villa Grimaldi, Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation, Wikisource, William J. Perry Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies, William McMahon, Yale University Press, 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, 1973 Uruguayan coup d'état, 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, 2010 Chile earthquake. Expand index (120 more) »

ABC Color

ABC Color is a major Paraguayan newspaper with offices in the city of Asunción.

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AK-47

The AK-47, or AK as it is officially known, also known as the Kalashnikov, is a gas-operated, 7.62×39mm assault rifle, developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov.

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Alejandrina Cox incident

The Alejandrina Cox Incident was a traffic incident in Santiago, Chile on 27 June 1973 involving Army General Carlos Prats, then Minister of the Interior and commander-in-chief of the Chilean Armed Forces, and a civilian woman named Alejandrina Cox (born 1921, died 2015).

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Alexander Nove

Alexander Nove, FRSE, FBA (born Aleksandr Yakovlevich Novakovsky; Алекса́ндр Я́ковлевич Новако́вский; also published under Alec Nove; 24 November 1915 – 15 May 1994) was a Professor of Economics at the University of Glasgow and a noted authority on Russian and Soviet economic history.

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Alfredo Ovando Candía

Alfredo Ovando Candía (6 April 1918 – 24 January 1982) was a Bolivian president and dictator (1964–66 and 1969–70), general and political figure.

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Anti-communism

Anti-communism is opposition to communism.

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Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic (República Argentina), is a federal republic located mostly in the southern half of South America.

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Argentine Revolution

Argentine Revolution (Revolución Argentina) was the name given by its leaders to a military coup d'état which overthrew the government of Argentina in June 1966 and began a period of military dictatorship by a junta from then until 1973.

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Augusto Pinochet

Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte (25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006) was a Chilean general, politician and the dictator of Chile between 1973 and 1990 who remained the Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army until 1998 and was also President of the Government Junta of Chile between 1973 and 1981.

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Australian Secret Intelligence Service

The Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS) is Australia's foreign intelligence agency.

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Australian Security Intelligence Organisation

The Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO) is Australia's national security agency responsible for the protection of the country and its citizens from espionage, sabotage, acts of foreign interference, politically motivated violence, attacks on the Australian defence system, and terrorism.

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Éditions Gallimard

Éditions Gallimard is one of the leading French publishers of books.

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Black market

A black market, underground economy, or shadow economy is a clandestine market or transaction that has some aspect of illegality or is characterized by some form of noncompliant behavior with an institutional set of rules.

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Black propaganda

Black propaganda is false information and material that purports to be from a source on one side of a conflict, but is actually from the opposing side.

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Bodyguard

A bodyguard (or close protection officer) is a type of security guard or government law enforcement officer or soldier who protects a person or people — usually high-ranking public officials or officers, wealthy people, and celebrities — from danger: generally theft, assault, kidnapping, assassination, harassment, loss of confidential information, threats, or other criminal offences.

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Bolivia

Bolivia (Mborivia; Buliwya; Wuliwya), officially known as the Plurinational State of Bolivia (Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia), is a landlocked country located in western-central South America.

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Brazil

Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

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Caesar (title)

Caesar (English Caesars; Latin Caesares) is a title of imperial character.

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Carabineros de Chile

Carabiniers of Chile (Carabineros de Chile) are the Chilean national police force, who have jurisdiction over the entire national territory of Chile.

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Caravan of Death

The Caravan of Death (Caravana de la Muerte) was a Chilean Army death squad that, following the Chilean coup of 1973, flew by helicopters from south to north of Chile between September 30 and October 22, 1973.

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Carlos Prats

General Carlos Prats González (February 24, 1915 – September 30, 1974) was a Chilean Army officer and politician.

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Caudillo

A caudillo (Old Spanish: cabdillo, from Latin capitellum, diminutive of caput "head") was a type of personalist leader wielding military and political power.

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César Mendoza

General César Leonidas Mendoza Durán (September 11, 1918 – September 13, 1996) was a member of the Government Junta which ruled Chile from 1973 to 1990, representing the country-wide police force, the Carabineros de Chile.

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Central Intelligence Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the United States federal government, tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT).

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Charles Horman

Charles Edmund Lazar Horman (May 15, 1942 – September 18, 1973) was an American journalist documentary filmmaker killed during the 1973 Chilean coup d'état led by General Augusto Pinochet that deposed the socialist president Salvador Allende.

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Chile

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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Chilean Air Force

The Chilean Air Force (Fuerza Aérea de Chile, FACh) is the air force of Chile, a branch of the Chilean military.

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Chilean Army

The Chilean Army (Ejército de Chile) is the land arm of the Military of Chile.

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Chilean Canadians

Chilean Canadians are Canadian citizens of Chilean descent or a Chile-born person who resides in Canada.

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Chilean national plebiscite, 1988

The 1988 Chilean national plebiscite was a national referendum held on 5 October 1988 to determine whether Chile's de facto leader, Augusto Pinochet, should extend his rule for another eight years.

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Chilean Navy

The Chilean Navy (Armada de Chile) is the naval force of Chile.

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Chilean peso

The peso is the currency of Chile.

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Chilean presidential election, 1970

Presidential elections were held in Chile on 4 September 1970.

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Christian Democratic Party (Chile)

The Christian Democratic Party (Partido Demócrata Cristiano, PDC) is a Christian democratic political party in Chile and governs as part of the Nueva Mayoría coalition.

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Church Committee

The Church Committee was the United States Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, a U.S. Senate committee chaired by Idaho Senator Frank Church (D-ID) in 1975.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).

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Commentary (magazine)

Commentary is a monthly American magazine on religion, Judaism, and politics, as well as social and cultural issues.

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Concepción, Chile

Concepción (in full: Concepción de la Madre Santísima de la Luz, "Conception of the Blessed Mother of Light") is a Chilean city and commune belonging to the metropolitan area of Greater Concepción, it is one of the largest urban conurbations of Chile.

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Confederation of Democracy

The Confederation of Democracy (Confederación de la Democracia, CODE) was an electoral alliance of center-right Chilean political parties formed in July 1972.

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Corporal

Corporal is a military rank in use in some form by many militaries and by some police forces or other uniformed organizations.

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Country club

A country club is a privately owned club, often with a membership quota and admittance by invitation or sponsorship, that generally offers both a variety of recreational sports and facilities for dining and entertaining.

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Coup d'état

A coup d'état, also known simply as a coup, a putsch, golpe de estado, or an overthrow, is a type of revolution, where the illegal and overt seizure of a state by the military or other elites within the state apparatus occurs.

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Cuba

Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is a country comprising the island of Cuba as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos.

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Cuban packages

The Cuban packages (1972) was a Chilean smuggling scandal, involving President Salvador Allende, his Minister of the Interior, Hernán del Canto and the Director of the Civil Police Eduardo Paredes.

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Death of Salvador Allende

On September 11, 1973, Salvador Allende, President of Chile, died of self-inflicted gunshot wounds during a coup d'état led by the Chilean Army Commander-in-Chief Augusto Pinochet.

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Defense Intelligence Agency

The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) is an external intelligence service of the United States federal government specializing in defense and military intelligence.

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Democracy Now!

Democracy Now! is an hour-long American TV, radio and internet news program hosted by journalists Amy Goodman and Juan González.

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Detention (imprisonment)

Detention is the process whereby a state or private citizen lawfully holds a person by removing his or her freedom or liberty at that time.

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Dieter Nohlen

Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939 in Oberhausen) is a German academic and political scientist.

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Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional

The Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (National Intelligence Directorate) or DINA was the Chilean secret police in the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, and has been called Pinochet's Gestapo.

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Don Francisco (television host)

Mario Luis Kreutzberger Blumenfeld (born December 28, 1940), better known by his stage name, Don Francisco, is a Chilean television host, and a popular personality on the Univision network reaching Spanish-speaking viewers in the United States.

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Economic warfare

The Oxford English Dictionary defines economic warfare or economic war as involving "an economic strategy based on the use of measures (e.g. blockade) of which the primary effect is to weaken the economy of another state".

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Eduardo Frei Montalva

Eduardo Nicanor Frei Montalva (January 16, 1911 – January 22, 1982) was a Chilean political leader.

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Edward M. Korry

Edward Malcolm Korry (January 7, 1922 – January 29, 2003) was an American diplomat during the administrations of Presidents Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon.

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El Mercurio

El Mercurio is a Chilean newspaper with editions in Valparaíso and Santiago.

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Esmeralda (BE-43)

Esmeralda is a steel-hulled four-masted barquentine tall ship of the Chilean Navy.

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Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos

Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos (originally known as Estadio Nacional) is the national stadium of Chile, and is located in the Ñuñoa district of Santiago.

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False flag

A false flag is a covert operation designed to deceive; the deception creates the appearance of a particular party, group, or nation being responsible for some activity, disguising the actual source of responsibility.

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Fatherland and Liberty

The Fatherland and Liberty Nationalist Front (Spanish: Frente Nacionalista Patria y Libertad or simply Patria y Libertad, PyL) was a nationalist and authoritarian political and paramilitary group Blum, William.

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Fidel Castro

Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (August 13, 1926 – November 25, 2016) was a Cuban communist revolutionary and politician who governed the Republic of Cuba as Prime Minister from 1959 to 1976 and then as President from 1976 to 2008.

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Fidel Castro's state visit to Chile

Fidel Castro at a political rally in Chile, November 1971. The state visit of Fidel Castro to Chile in 1971 was a landmark event both for Chilean internal politics and for the foreign relations of Cuba.

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Forced disappearance

In international human rights law, a forced disappearance (or enforced disappearance) occurs when a person is secretly abducted or imprisoned by a state or political organization or by a third party with the authorization, support, or acquiescence of a state or political organization, followed by a refusal to acknowledge the person's fate and whereabouts, with the intent of placing the victim outside the protection of the law.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Frank Church

Frank Forrester Church III (July 25, 1924 – April 7, 1984) was an American lawyer and politician.

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Frank Teruggi

Frank Teruggi, Jr. (1949–1973) was an American student, journalist, and member of the Industrial Workers of the World, from Chicago, Illinois who became one of the victims of the American-backed General Augusto Pinochet's military shortly after the September 11, 1973 Pinochet coup d'état against Socialist President Salvador Allende.

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Gonzalo Vial Correa

Gonzalo Vial Correa (29 August 1930 – 30 October 2009) was a Chilean historian, lawyer and journalist.

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Gough Whitlam

Edward Gough Whitlam (11 July 191621 October 2014) was the 21st Prime Minister of Australia, serving from 1972 to 1975.

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Government Junta of Chile (1924)

Government Junta of Chile (September 11, 1924 - January 23, 1925), (also known as the September Junta) was the political structure established to rule Chile following the anti-conservative military coup that assumed power after first interfering in progressive President Arturo Alessandri's deadlocked government.

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Government Junta of Chile (1973)

The Government Junta of Chile (Junta Militar de Gobierno) was the military junta established to rule Chile during the military dictatorship that followed the overthrow of President Salvador Allende in the 1973 Chilean coup d'état backed by the United States.

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Gustavo Leigh

Air General Gustavo Leigh Guzmán (September 19, 1920 – September 29, 1999) was a Chilean general, who represented the Air Force in the 1973 Chilean coup d'état and, for a time, in the ruling junta that followed.

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Hawker Hunter

The Hawker Hunter is a transonic British jet-powered fighter aircraft that was developed by Hawker Aircraft for the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the late 1940s and early 1950s.

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Henry Kissinger

Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Alfred Kissinger, May 27, 1923) is an American statesman, political scientist, diplomat and geopolitical consultant who served as the United States Secretary of State and National Security Advisor under the presidential administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford.

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History of Chile

The territory of Chile has been populated since at least 3000 BC.

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Ideology

An Ideology is a collection of normative beliefs and values that an individual or group holds for other than purely epistemic reasons.

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Internet Archive

The Internet Archive is a San Francisco–based nonprofit digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge." It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, movies/videos, moving images, and nearly three million public-domain books.

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ITT Inc.

ITT Inc., formerly ITT Corporation, is an American worldwide manufacturing company based in White Plains, New York.

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Jacobin (magazine)

Jacobin is a left-wing quarterly magazine based in New York offering socialist and anti-capitalist perspectives on politics, economics and culture from the American left.

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Jaime Guzmán

Jaime Jorge Guzmán Errázuriz (June 28, 1946 – April 1, 1991) was a Chilean lawyer and senator, member and doctrinal founder of the conservative Independent Democrat Union party.

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Jeane Kirkpatrick

Jeane Duane Kirkpatrick (née Jordan; November 19, 1926 – December 7, 2006) was an American diplomat and political scientist.

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Jorge Alessandri

Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez (19 May 1896 – 31 August 1986) was the 27th President of Chile from 1958 to 1964, and was the candidate of the Chilean right in the crucial presidential election of 1970, which he lost to Salvador Allende.

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José Toribio Merino

José Toribio Merino Castro (December 14, 1915 – August 30, 1996) was a Chilean admiral who was one of the principal leaders of the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, along with General Augusto Pinochet of the Army, General Gustavo Leigh of the Air Force, and General César Mendoza of the Carabineros (national police).

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Juan Perón

Juan Domingo Perón (8 October 1895 – 1 July 1974) was an Argentine army lieutenant general and politician.

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Juan Velasco Alvarado

Juan Francisco Velasco Alvarado (June 16, 1910 – December 24, 1977) was a left-wing Peruvian General who served as the 58th President of Peru from 1968 to 1975 under the title " President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces".

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La Moneda Palace

Palacio de La Moneda (Palace of the Mint), or simply La Moneda, is the seat of the President of the Republic of Chile.

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La Tercera

La Tercera (The Third One), formerly known as La Tercera de la Hora ('the third of the hour'), is a daily newspaper published in Santiago, Chile and owned by Copesa.

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Library of Congress Country Studies

The Country Studies are works published by the Federal Research Division of the United States Library of Congress, freely available for use by researchers.

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Llama de la Libertad

Llama de la Libertad or Llama Eterna de la Libertad (lit. "Eternal Flame of Liberty") was a ceremonial flame located in Plaza Bulnes.

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LOM Ediciones

LOM Ediciones («Lom», means in yaghan language: «sun») is Chilean press based in Santiago.

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Machuca

Machuca is a 2004 Chilean film written and directed by Andrés Wood.

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Marjorie Agosín

Marjorie Agosín (born June 15, 1955) is a Chilean-American writer.

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Max Marambio

Joel Max Marambio Rodríguez (born 3 December 1947)is a Chilean businessman and leftist politician from Santa Cruz.

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Michelle Bachelet

Verónica Michelle Bachelet Jeria (born 29 September 1951) is a Chilean politician who was the President of Chile twice, from 2006 to 2010 and from 2014 to 2018, the first woman in her country to occupy this position.

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Miguel Enríquez (politician)

Miguel Enríquez Espinosa (March 27, 1944 - October 5, 1974) was a physician and one founder of the Chilean political party and former left-wing organization Movement of the Revolutionary Left (MIR) (Spanish Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria), founded 1965.

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Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–90)

The military dictatorship of Chile (dictadura militar de Chile) was an authoritarian military government that ruled Chile between 1973 and 1990.

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Military of Chile

The Armed Forces of Chile (Fuerzas Armadas de Chile) is the unified military organization comprising the Chilean Army, Air Force and Navy.

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Missing (1982 film)

Missing (stylized as missing.) is a 1982 American historical drama film directed by Costa-Gavras and starring Sissy Spacek, Jack Lemmon, Melanie Mayron, John Shea, Janice Rule and Charles Cioffi.

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Money

Money is any item or verifiable record that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts in a particular country or socio-economic context.

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Museum of Memory and Human Rights

The Museum of Memory and Human Rights (in Spanish: Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos) is a Chilean museum located in Santiago, dedicated to commemorate the victims of human rights violations during the civic-military regime led by Augusto Pinochet between 1973 and 1990.

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National Congress of Chile

The National Congress of Chile (Congreso Nacional de Chile) is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Chile.

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National Defense University

The National Defense University (NDU) is an institution of higher education funded by the United States Department of Defense, intended to facilitate high-level training, education, and the development of national security strategy.

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National Intelligence Council

The National Intelligence Council (NIC) is the center for midterm and long-term strategic thinking within the United States Intelligence Community (IC).

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National Security Archive

The National Security Archive is a 501(c)(3) non-governmental, non-profit research and archival institution located on the campus of the George Washington University in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1985 to check rising government secrecy, the National Security Archive is an investigative journalism center, open government advocate, international affairs research institute, and is the largest repository of declassified U.S. documents outside the federal government.

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Operation Condor

Operation Condor (Operación Cóndor,also known as Plan Cóndor, Operação Condor) was a campaign of political repression and state terror in Latin American countries involving intelligence operations and assassination of opponents, mainly civilians, originally planned by the CIA.

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Operation Toucan (KGB)

Operation TOUCAN was a KGB/DGI public relations and disinformation campaign directed at the military government of Chile led by Augusto Pinochet.

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Orlando Letelier

Marcos Orlando Letelier del Solar (13 April 1932 – 21 September 1976) was a Chilean economist, politician and diplomat during the presidency of Salvador Allende.

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Osvaldo Andrade

Osvaldo Andrade Lara (born 2 June 1953 in Santiago) is a Chilean Socialist politician.

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Oversight of United States covert operations

Executive oversight of United States covert operations has been carried out by a series of sub-committees of the National Security Council (NSC).

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Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.

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Patio 29

Patio 29 is a common grave in Santiago General Cemetery in Chile, where political prisoners, especially those who "disappeared" during the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, were buried anonymously.

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Patricio Carvajal

Vice Admiral Patricio Carvajal Prado (16 July 1916 – 15 July 1994), was a Chilean admiral, several times Minister and one of the principal leaders of the 1973 Chilean coup d'état that ousted President Salvador Allende.

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Patrick Leahy

Patrick Joseph Leahy (born March 31, 1940) is an American politician serving as the senior United States Senator from Vermont, a seat he was first elected to in 1974.

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Pedro Vuskovic

Pedro Vuskovic Bravo (February 25, 1924 – May 10, 1993) was a Chilean economist of Croatian descent, political figure, minister and author of the economic plan implemented by Salvador Allende during his government called the Vuskovic plan.

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Peru

Peru (Perú; Piruw Republika; Piruw Suyu), officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America.

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Peter Winn

Peter Winn is a professor of history at Tufts University specialising in Latin America.

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Popular Unity (Chile)

The Popular Unity (Unidad Popular, UP) was a left-wing political alliance in Chile that stood behind the successful candidacy of Salvador Allende for the 1970 Chilean presidential election.

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Presidency of Bill Clinton

The presidency of Bill Clinton began at noon EST on January 20, 1993, when Bill Clinton was inaugurated as 42nd President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 2001.

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Presidency of Salvador Allende

Salvador Allende was the president of Chile from 1970 until 1973, and head of the Popular Unity government; he was the first Marxist ever to be elected to the national presidency of a democracy.

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President of Chile

The President of the Republic of Chile (Presidente de la República de Chile) is the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile.

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President of the United States

The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.

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Private (rank)

A private is a soldier of the lowest military rank (equivalent to NATO Rank Grades OR-1 to OR-3 depending on the force served in).

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Project FUBELT

Project FUBELT (also known as Track II) is the codename for the secret Central Intelligence Agency operations that were to prevent Salvador Allende's rise to power before his confirmation and to promote a military coup in Chile.

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Providencia, Chile

Providencia (Spanish: "providence") is a commune of Chile located in Santiago Province, Santiago Metropolitan Region.

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Quiriquina Island

Quiriquina Island, Chile is located at the entrance to the Bay of Concepción, 11 km north of Talcahuano.

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Radio Cooperativa

Radio Cooperativa is a radio station in Chile, based in Santiago.

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Radomiro Tomic

Radomiro Tomic Romero (7 May 1914 – 3 January 1992) was a Chilean politician of Croatian origin.

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Recurso de amparo

The writ of amparo (also called recurso de amparo or juicio de amparo) is a remedy for the protection of constitutional rights, found in certain jurisdictions.

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René Schneider

General René Schneider Chereau (December 31, 1913 – October 25, 1970) was the commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army at the time of the 1970 Chilean presidential election, when he was assassinated during a botched kidnapping attempt.

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Rettig Report

The Rettig Report, officially The National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation Report, is a 1991 report by a commission designated by then-President Patricio Aylwin (from the Concertación) encompassing human rights abuses resulting in death or disappearance that occurred in Chile during the years of military dictatorship under Augusto Pinochet, which began on September 11, 1973 and ended on March 11, 1990.

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Revolutionary Left Movement (Chile)

The Revolutionary Left Movement (Spanish Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria, MIR) is a Chilean far-left political organization and former guerrilla organization founded on October 12, 1965.

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Ricardo Lagos

Ricardo Froilán Lagos Escobar (born 2 March 1938) is a Chilean lawyer, economist and social democrat politician who served as President of Chile from 2000 to 2006.

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Richard Nixon

Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was an American politician who served as the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 until 1974, when he resigned from office, the only U.S. president to do so.

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Roberto Souper Onfray

Lt.

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Roberto Viaux

Roberto Urbano Viaux Marambio (May 25, 1917 in Talca – September 5, 2005 in Santiago) was a Chilean Army General and the primary planner of two attempted coup d'états in Chile in 1969 and 1970.

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Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

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Salvador Allende

Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and politician, known as the first Marxist to become president of a Latin American country through open elections.

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Schneider Doctrine

The Schneider Doctrine was a political doctrine originally espoused by Chilean General René Schneider, which allowed the election of Salvador Allende as President of Chile, and was the main ideological obstacle to a military coup d'état against him.

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Sebastián Piñera

Miguel Juan Sebastián Piñera Echenique (born 1 December 1949) is a Chilean politician and businessman.

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Sergeant

Sergeant (abbreviated to Sgt and capitalized when used as a named person's title) is a rank in many uniformed organizations, principally military and policing forces.

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Sheila Cassidy

Sheila Cassidy (born 18 August 1937) is an English doctor, known for her work in the hospice movement, as a writer and as someone who, by publicising her own history as a torture survivor, drew attention to human rights abuse in Chile in the 1970s.

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Socialist Party of Chile

The Socialist Party of Chile (Partido Socialista de Chile, or PS) is a political party within the centre-left Nueva Mayoría.

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South America

South America is a continent in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Sun Axelsson

Sun Axelsson (19 August 1935 in Gothenburg, Sweden – 14 January 2011 in Stockholm) was a Swedish poet, novelist, translator and journalist.

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Supreme Court of Chile

The Supreme Court of Chile is the highest court in Chile.

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Tacnazo

El Tacnazo was a military coup launched by then Peruvian Prime Minister, General Francisco Morales Bermúdez against the administration of President Gen.

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Tanquetazo

El Tanquetazo or El Tancazo (both Spanish for "tank putsch") of 29 June 1973 are the names used to refer to the failed coup attempt in Chile led by Lieutenant Colonel Roberto Souper against the government of Socialist president Salvador Allende.

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The Battle of Chile

The Battle of Chile is a documentary film directed by the Chilean Patricio Guzman, in three parts: The Insurrection of the Bourgeoisie (1975), The Coup d'état (1976), Popular Power (1979).

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The Black Pimpernel

The Black Pimpernel (Svarta nejlikan; El Clavel negro) is a Swedish drama film directed by Ulf Hultberg and starring Michael Nyqvist and Lisa Werlinder.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The House of the Spirits

The House of the Spirits (La casa de los espíritus, 1982) is the debut novel of Isabel Allende.

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Torture

Torture (from the Latin tortus, "twisted") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Intelligence Community

The United States Intelligence Community (IC) is a federation of 16 separate United States government agencies that work separately and together to conduct intelligence activities to support the foreign policy and national security of the United States.

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United States intervention in Chile

Chile is a country in the southern South America.

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United States National Security Council

The White House National Security Council (NSC) is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for consideration of national security, military matters, and foreign policy matters with senior national security advisors and Cabinet officials and is part of the executive office of the president of the United States.

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United States Southern Command

The United States Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM), located in Doral, Florida in Greater Miami, is one of ten Unified Combatant Commands (CCMDs) in the United States Department of Defense.

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Valech Report

The Valech Report (officially The National Commission on Political Imprisonment and Torture Report) was a record of abuses committed in Chile between 1973 and 1990 by agents of Augusto Pinochet's military regime.

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Valparaíso

Valparaíso is a major city, seaport, and educational center in the commune of Valparaíso, Chile.

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Víctor Jara

Víctor Lidio Jara Martínez (28 September 1932 – 16 September 1973) was a Chilean teacher, theater director, poet, singer-songwriter and political activist tortured and killed during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet.

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Villa Baviera

Villa Baviera (Bavaria Village) is the current organization occupying the location of the infamous and disgraced Colonia Dignidad (Dignity Colony), in Parral Commune, Linares Province, in the Maule Region of central Chile.

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Villa Grimaldi

Villa Grimaldi is considered the most important of DINA’s (Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional, the Chilean secret police) many complexes that were used for the interrogation and torture of political prisoners during the governance of Augusto Pinochet.

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Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation

The Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation (WHINSEC), formerly known as the U.S. Army School of the Americas (SOA), is a United States Department of Defense Institute located at Fort Benning near Columbus, Georgia, that provides military training to government personnel in US-allied Latin American nations.

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Wikisource

Wikisource is an online digital library of free content textual sources on a wiki, operated by the Wikimedia Foundation.

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William J. Perry Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies

William J. Perry Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies is a U.S. Department of Defense institution for defense and security studies in the Western Hemisphere.

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William McMahon

Sir William McMahon, (23 February 190831 March 1988), was an Australian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Australia, in office from 1971 to 1972 as leader of the Liberal Party.

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Yale University Press

Yale University Press is a university press associated with Yale University.

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1964 Brazilian coup d'état

The 1964 Brazilian coup d'état (Golpe de estado no Brasil em 1964 or, more colloquially, Golpe de 64) was a series of events in Brazil from March 31 to April 1 that led to the overthrow of President João Goulart by members of the Brazilian Armed Forces, supported by the United States government.

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1973 Uruguayan coup d'état

The 1973 Uruguayan coup d'état took place in Uruguay on 27 June 1973 and marked the beginning of the civic-military dictatorship which lasted until 1985.

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1975 Australian constitutional crisis

The 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, also known simply as the Dismissal, has been described as the greatest political and constitutional crisis in Australian history.

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2010 Chile earthquake

The 2010 Chile earthquake (Terremoto del 27F) occurred off the coast of central Chile on Saturday, 27 February at 03:34 local time (06:34 UTC), having a magnitude of 8.8 on the moment magnitude scale, with intense shaking lasting for about three minutes.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d'état

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