Communication

432 relations: Aalborg University, ABS (satellite operator), Agni (missile), Air Force Space Command, Akatsuki (spacecraft), Algerian Space Agency, Amateur radio, Ames Research Center, Amos-6, Angara (rocket family), Antares (rocket), Anti-ballistic missile, Applied Physics Laboratory, Apsis, Arase (satellite), Areocentric orbit, Ariane (rocket family), Ariane 5, Arianespace, Assembly of the International Space Station, Asteroid mining, Astrobiology, Atlas (rocket family), Atlas V, Automatic identification system, Autonomous spaceport drone ship, ÑuSat, B-611, Baikonur Cosmodrome, Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200, Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31, Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81, Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Barents Sea, BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Belintersat-1, Bigelow Aerospace, Bigelow Expandable Activity Module, Blue Origin, Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, Braunschweig University of Technology, Briz (rocket stage), Canadian Space Agency, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 37, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 40, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 41, Cartosat-2C, Cassini–Huygens, CBS News, ..., Centaur (rocket stage), China Academy of Space Technology, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, China Association for Science and Technology, China Meteorological Administration, China National Space Administration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CNES, College of Engineering, Pune, Commercial Crew Development, Communications satellite, Comparison of orbital launch systems, Corn Ranch, Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System, Cygnus CRS OA-5, Cygnus CRS OA-6, Cygnus CRS Orb-3, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Defence Science and Technology Group, Delta (rocket family), Delta II, Delta IV, Delta IV Heavy, Department of Science and Technology (Philippines), DigitalGlobe, DirecTV, Diwata-1, Dnepr (rocket), Docking and berthing of spacecraft, E-st@r-II, Earth observation, Earth observation satellite, Eastern Range, EchoStar, ELA-3, Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz, Epsilon (rocket), Esrange, Eurockot Launch Services, European Data Relay System, European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, European Space Agency, Eutelsat, ExoMars, ExoMars (rover), ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, Expedition 46, Expedition 47, Expedition 48, Expedition 49, Expedition 50, Expedition 51, Expedition 52, Extravehicular activity, Falcon (rocket family), Falcon 9, Falcon 9 booster B1021, Falcon 9 first-stage landing tests, Falcon 9 Full Thrust, Falcon 9 v1.1, Falcon Heavy, Fregat, French Navy, Future Imagery Architecture, Gagarin's Start, Galileo (satellite navigation), Gamma-ray astronomy, GAUSS Srl, Göktürk-1, Geo-IK-2, Geostationary transfer orbit, Geosynchronous orbit, Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle, Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III, German Aerospace Center, GLONASS-M, GOES-16, Government of Belarus, GPS Block IIF, Ground-Based Interceptor, GSAT-18, Guiana Space Centre, H-IIA, H-IIB, Hainan, Harmony (ISS module), Heliocentric orbit, High Earth orbit, High Resolution Coronal Imager, Himawari 9, HiRISE, Hitomi (satellite), Hohmann transfer orbit, Hughes Communications, HyShot, Inclined orbit, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Indian National Satellite System, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System, Indian Space Research Organisation, Intelsat, Intelsat 29e, Intelsat 33e, Intelsat 36, International Docking Adapter, International Launch Services, International Space Station, Ionosphere, IRNSS-1E, IRNSS-1F, IRNSS-1G, Israel Aerospace Industries, Israel Defense Forces, ISS year long mission, Istanbul Technical University, Japan Meteorological Agency, Jason-3, JAXA, JCSAT-15, JCSAT-16, JCSAT-2B, Jeffrey Williams (astronaut), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Jiuquan Launch Area 4, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, Joint Space Operations Center, Juno (spacecraft), Jupiter, Kagawa University, Kathleen Rubins, Kennedy Space Center, Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center, Korean Committee of Space Technology, Kosmos 2514, Kosmos 2516, Kounotori 6, Kuaizhou, Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kyushu University, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Landing Zones 1 and 2, List of BeiDou satellites, List of Galileo satellites, List of GLONASS satellites, List of H-I and H-II launches, List of Mars orbiters, List of NRO launches, Long March (rocket family), Long March 11, Long March 2, Long March 2D, Long March 2F, Long March 3, Long March 3A, Long March 3B, Long March 3C, Long March 4B, Long March 4C, Long March 5, Long March 7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Louisiana State University, Low Earth orbit, Maiden flight, Maritime Monitoring and Messaging Microsatellite, Mars, Mars Express, Mars landing, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, Medium Earth orbit, Meridiani Planum, Micro-g environment, MICROSCOPE (satellite), Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport, Mikhail Kornienko, Mikhailo Lomonosov (satellite), Missile Defense Agency, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Mobile User Objective System, Montana State University, Moscow State University, N/a, Nagoya University, Nanyang Technological University, NASA, NASA Docking System, NASA Orbital Debris Program Office, NASASpaceFlight.com, National Institute for Space Research, National Institute of Aeronautics and Space, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Reconnaissance Office, National Space Program (Algeria), NBN Co, New Shepard, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ofek-11, Orbital ATK, Orion (satellite), OSIRIS-REx, Pacific Ocean, Palmachim Airbase, Pegasus (rocket), Peggy Whitson, People's Liberation Army, Peruvian Armed Forces, PES University, Phobos (moon), Pirs (ISS module), Planet Labs, Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 133, Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 43, Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Polytechnic University of Turin, Pressurized Mating Adapter, Progress MS-02, Progress MS-03, Progress MS-04, Proton (rocket family), Proton-M, Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Quantum Experiments at Space Scale, Quest Joint Airlock, R-29 Vysota, R-29RMU Sineva, R-36 (missile), R-7 (rocket family), RAAF Woomera Range Complex, Radiation, RD-191, Reconnaissance satellite, Remote sensing, Resourcesat-2A, Resurs-P, Retrograde and prograde motion, Rokot, Roscosmos, Rosetta (spacecraft), Royal Navy, RS-24 Yars, RT-2PM Topol, Russian Aerospace Forces, Russian Navy, Russian submarine Novomoskovsk (K-407), Russian submarine Svyatoy Georgiy Pobedonosets (K-433), Russian submarine Yury Dolgorukiy (K-535), S-Series (rocket family), Safir (rocket), Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University), San Jose State University, Satellite Data System, Satellite geodesy, Satellite navigation, Satellogic, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, SathyabamaSat, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad, Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad, SCATSAT-1, Schiaparelli EDM lander, Scott Kelly (astronaut), Sea of Okhotsk, Sentinel-1B, Sentinel-3A, Sergey Volkov (cosmonaut), SES S.A., SES-9, Shahab-3, Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, Shavit, Shenzhou 11, Sky Muster, SKY Perfect JSAT Group, SkySat, Sohae Satellite Launching Station, Solar Dynamics Observatory, Southwest Research Institute, Soyuz (rocket family), Soyuz at the Guiana Space Centre, Soyuz MS, Soyuz MS-01, Soyuz MS-02, Soyuz MS-03, Soyuz TMA-20M, Soyuz-2, Soyuz-FG, Soyuz-TMA, Soyuz-U, Space Based Space Surveillance, Space debris, Space logistics, Space station, Space.com, Spacecom, SpaceX, SpaceX CRS-8, SpaceX CRS-9, SpaceX reusable launch system development program, Spire Global, Star One (satellite operator), Star One D1, Stargazer (aircraft), Strategic Missile Troops, Sun-synchronous orbit, Swayam, Swedish Space Corporation, Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center, Tancredo-1, Tanegashima Space Center, TanSat, Terrier Malemute, Terrier Orion, TEXUS, Thaicom, Thaicom 8, The Aerospace Corporation, The New York Times, Tiangong-2, Tianlian I, Tim Peake, Timothy Kopra, Titan (moon), Tohoku University, Tokai University, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Toyama Prefectural University, Turkish Armed Forces, Twitter, Uchinoura Space Center, UGM-133 Trident II, Ullage motor, Unha, United Launch Alliance, United States Air Force, United States Navy, Universal Rocket, University of Central Florida, University of Colorado, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Idaho, University of Liège, University of Oslo, University of Tokyo, University of Tsukuba, UR-100, USA-266, Vandenberg AFB Launch Facility 04, Vandenberg AFB Launch Facility 10, Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 3, Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 4, Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 6, Vandenberg Air Force Base, Vega (rocket), Venus, Volga (rocket stage), Vostochny Cosmodrome, Vostochny Cosmodrome Site 1S, VS-30, VSB-30, VTVL, Wallops Flight Facility, Waseda University, Weather satellite, Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, West Virginia University, White Sea, Wideband Global SATCOM, WorldView-4, X-ray astronomy satellite, X-ray pulsar-based navigation, Xichang Satellite Launch Center, Yaogan, Yoshinobu Launch Complex, Yuanzheng-1, Yuri Malenchenko, Ziyuan (satellite), 101955 Bennu, 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. 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Aalborg University

Aalborg University (AAU) is a Danish public university with campuses in Aalborg, Esbjerg, and Copenhagen founded in 1974.

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ABS (satellite operator)

ABS is a global satellite operator incorporated in Bermuda.

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Agni (missile)

The Agni missile (Agnī, "fire"; also the Hindu God of Fire) is a family of medium to intercontinental range ballistic missiles developed by India, named after one of the five elements of nature.

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Air Force Space Command

Air Force Space Command (AFSPC), sometimes referred to informally as U.S. Space Command, is a major command of the United States Air Force, with its headquarters at Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado.

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Akatsuki (spacecraft)

, also known as the Venus Climate Orbiter (VCO) and Planet-C, is a Japanese (JAXA) space probe tasked to study the atmosphere of Venus.

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Algerian Space Agency

The Algerian Space Agency (الوكالة الفضائية الجزائرية), (ASAL) was established on in Bouzareah, Algiers.

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Amateur radio

Amateur radio, also known as ham radio, describes the use of radio frequency spectrum for purposes of non-commercial exchange of messages, wireless experimentation, self-training, private recreation, radiosport, contesting, and emergency communication.

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Ames Research Center

Ames Research Center (ARC), also known as NASA Ames, is a major NASA research center at Moffett Federal Airfield in California's Silicon Valley.

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Amos-6

Amos-6 was a 5.5-tonne Israeli Earth communications satellite, one of the Spacecom AMOS series, that was built by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), a defense and aerospace company.

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Angara (rocket family)

The Angara rocket family is a family of space-launch vehicles being developed by the Moscow-based Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center.

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Antares (rocket)

Antares, known during early development as Taurus II, is an expendable launch system developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation (now part of Northrop Grumman Innovation System after Northrop Grumman acquired Orbital ATK) and the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau to launch the Cygnus spacecraft to the International Space Station as part of NASA's COTS and CRS programs.

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Anti-ballistic missile

An anti-ballistic missile (ABM) is a surface-to-air missile designed to counter ballistic missiles (see missile defense).

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Applied Physics Laboratory

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, commonly known as simply the Applied Physics Laboratory, or APL, located in Howard County, Maryland, near Laurel and Columbia, is a not-for-profit, university-affiliated research center (or UARC) employing 6,000 people.

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Apsis

An apsis (ἁψίς; plural apsides, Greek: ἁψῖδες) is an extreme point in the orbit of an object.

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Arase (satellite)

Arase, formerly known as Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG), is a scientific satellite to study the Van Allen belts.

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Areocentric orbit

An areocentric orbit is an orbit around the planet Mars.

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Ariane (rocket family)

Ariane is a series of a European civilian expendable launch vehicles for space launch use.

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Ariane 5

Ariane 5 is a European heavy-lift launch vehicle that is part of the Ariane rocket family, an expendable launch system used to deliver payloads into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) or low Earth orbit (LEO).

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Arianespace

Arianespace SA is a multinational company founded in 1980 as the world's first commercial launch service provider.

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Assembly of the International Space Station

The process of assembling the International Space Station (ISS) has been under way since the 1990s.

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Asteroid mining

Asteroid mining is the exploitation of raw materials from asteroids and other minor planets, including near-Earth objects.

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Astrobiology

Astrobiology is a branch of biology concerned with the origins, early evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe.

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Atlas (rocket family)

Atlas is a family of American missiles and space launch vehicles.

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Atlas V

Atlas V ("V" is pronounced "Five") is an expendable launch system in the Atlas rocket family.

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Automatic identification system

The automatic identification system (AIS) is an automatic tracking system used on ships and by vessel traffic services (VTS).

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Autonomous spaceport drone ship

An autonomous spaceport drone ship (ASDS) is an ocean-going vessel derived from a deck barge, outfitted with station-keeping engines and a large landing platform.

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ÑuSat

ÑuSat satellites series (ÑuSat, pronounced just like the GNU project acronym), also known as codename Fresco, Batata, MilaneSat, Ada, Maryam (named after local culture reference on Argentinean deserts and food), is a series of Argentinean commercial Earth observation satellites constellation designed, built and operated by Satellogic.

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B-611

The B-611 is a Chinese solid-fuelled short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) developed by China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation (CPMIEC).

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Baikonur Cosmodrome

Baikonur Cosmodrome (translit; translit) is a spaceport located in an area of southern Kazakhstan leased to Russia.

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Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200

Site 200 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome is a launch site used by Proton rockets.

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Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31

Site 31/6 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, in Kazakhstan, is a launch site used by derivatives of the R-7 Semyorka missile.

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Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81

Site 81 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome is a launch site used, along with Site 200, by Proton rockets.

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Bank Rakyat Indonesia

PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (People's Bank of Indonesia, commonly known as BRI or Bank BRI) is one of the largest banks in Indonesia.

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Barents Sea

The Barents Sea (Barentshavet; Баренцево море, Barentsevo More) is a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, located off the northern coasts of Norway and Russia divided between Norwegian and Russian territorial waters.

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BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is a Chinese satellite navigation system.

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Belintersat-1

Belintersat-1 is a deployed geostationary telecommunications satellite, manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) and Thales Alenia Space for the Belarusian government's company Belintersat.

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Bigelow Aerospace

Bigelow Aerospace is an American space technology startup company based in North Las Vegas, Nevada, that manufactures and develops expandable space station modules.

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Bigelow Expandable Activity Module

The Bigelow Expandable Activity Module (BEAM) is an experimental expandable space station module developed by Bigelow Aerospace, under contract to NASA, for testing as a temporary module on the International Space Station (ISS) from 2016 to at least 2020.

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Blue Origin

Blue Origin, LLC is an American privately funded aerospace manufacturer and spaceflight services company headquartered in Kent, Washington.

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Boeing C-17 Globemaster III

The Boeing C-17 Globemaster III is a large military transport aircraft.

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Braunschweig University of Technology

The TU Braunschweig ("University of Brunswick – Institute of Technology") is the oldest (comparable to an institute of technology in the American system) in Germany.

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Briz (rocket stage)

The Briz-K, Briz-KM and Briz-M (Бриз-К, КM and M meaning Breeze-K, KM and M) are Russian liquid-propellant rocket orbit insertion upper stages manufactured by Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center and used on the Proton-M, Angara A5 or Rokot, one of Russia's smaller launchers.

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Canadian Space Agency

The Canadian Space Agency (CSA; Agence spatiale canadienne, ASC) was established by the Canadian Space Agency Act which received Royal Assent on May 10, 1990.

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Cape Canaveral Air Force Station

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) (known as Cape Kennedy Air Force Station from 1963 to 1973) is an installation of the United States Air Force Space Command's 45th Space Wing.

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Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 37

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 37 (SLC-37), previously Launch Complex 37 (LC-37), is a launch complex on Cape Canaveral, Florida. Construction began in 1959 and the site was accepted by NASA to support the Saturn I program in 1963. The complex consists of two launch pads. LC-37A has never been used, but LC-37B launched unmanned Saturn I flights (1964 to 1965) and was modified and launched Saturn IB flights (1966 to 1968), including the first (unmanned) test of the Apollo Lunar Module in space. It was deactivated in 1972. In 2001 it was modified as the launch site for Delta IV, a launch system operated by United Launch Alliance. The original layout of the launch complex featured one Mobile Service Structure which could be used to service or mate a rocket on either LC-37A or 37B, but not on both simultaneously. The Delta IV Mobile Service Tower is tall, and fitted to service all Delta IV configurations, including the Delta IV Heavy.

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Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 40

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 40 (SLC-40), previously Launch Complex 40 (LC-40) is a launch pad for rockets located at the north end of Cape Canaveral, Florida.

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Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 41

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 41 (SLC-41), previously Launch Complex 41 (LC-41), is an active launch site at the north end of Cape Canaveral, Florida at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.

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Cartosat-2C

Cartosat-2C is an Earth observation satellite in a sun-synchronous orbit and is a fifth flight unit of Cartosat series of satellites.

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Cassini–Huygens

The Cassini–Huygens mission, commonly called Cassini, was a collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) to send a probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, including its rings and natural satellites.

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CBS News

CBS News is the news division of American television and radio service CBS.

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Centaur (rocket stage)

Centaur has been designed to be the upper stage of space launch vehicles and is used on the Atlas V. Centaur was the world's first high-energy upper stage, burning liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid oxygen (LOX).

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China Academy of Space Technology

The China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) is a Chinese space agency and subordinate of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC).

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China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation

The China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) is the main contractor for the Chinese space program.

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China Association for Science and Technology

The China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) is a non-profit, non-governmental organization of Chinese scientists and engineers, which is composed of 167 national professional societies and hundreds of local branches at various levels.

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China Meteorological Administration

The China Meteorological Administration (CMA), headquartered in Beijing, is the national weather service for the People's Republic of China.

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China National Space Administration

The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of China.

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Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), with historical origins in the Academia Sinica during the Republic of China era, is the national academy for the natural sciences of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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CNES

The Centre national d'études spatiales (CNES) (English: National Centre for Space Studies) is the French government space agency (administratively, a "public administration with industrial and commercial purpose").

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College of Engineering, Pune

College of Engineering, Pune (COEP) is an autonomous engineering institute affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University in Pune, Maharashtra, India.

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Commercial Crew Development

Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) is a multiphase, space technology development program that is funded by the U.S. government and administered by NASA.

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Communications satellite

A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunications signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth.

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Comparison of orbital launch systems

This is a comparison of orbital launch systems.

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Corn Ranch

Corn Ranch is a spaceport in the West Texas town of Van Horn, Texas, where flight tests of the New Shepard are carried out by Blue Origin.

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Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System

The Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) is a space-based system developed by the University of Michigan and Southwest Research Institute with the aim of improving hurricane forecasting by better understanding the interactions between the sea and the air near the core of a storm.

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Cygnus CRS OA-5

Cygnus CRS OA-5, also known as Orbital Sciences CRS Flight 5, was the seventh planned flight of the Orbital Sciences' unmanned resupply spacecraft Cygnus and its sixth flight to the International Space Station under the Commercial Resupply Services contract with NASA.

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Cygnus CRS OA-6

Cygnus CRS OA-6, also known as Orbital ATK CRS-6, is the sixth flight of the Orbital ATK unmanned resupply spacecraft Cygnus and its fifth flight to the International Space Station under the Commercial Resupply Services contract with NASA.

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Cygnus CRS Orb-3

Cygnus CRS Orb-3, also known as Orbital Sciences CRS Flight 3 or Orbital 3, was an attempted flight of Cygnus, an automated cargo spacecraft developed by United States-based company Orbital Sciences, on 28 October 2014.

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Defence Research and Development Organisation

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is an agency of the Republic of India, charged with the military's research and development, headquartered in New Delhi, India.

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Defence Science and Technology Group

The Defence Science and Technology Group (abbreviated as DST Group or DST) is part of the Australian Department of Defence dedicated to providing science and technology support for Australia's defence and national security needs.

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Delta (rocket family)

Delta is an American versatile family of expendable launch systems that has provided space launch capability in the United States since 1960.

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Delta II

Delta II is an expendable launch system, originally designed and built by McDonnell Douglas.

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Delta IV

Delta IV is an expendable launch system in the Delta rocket family.

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Delta IV Heavy

The Delta IV Heavy (Delta 9250H) is an expendable heavy-lift launch vehicle, the largest type of the Delta IV family, and is the world's second highest-capacity rocket in operation, with a payload capacity half of SpaceX's Falcon Heavy rocket.

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Department of Science and Technology (Philippines)

The Philippines' Department of Science and Technology (abbreviated as DOST; Kagawaran ng Agham at Teknolohiya), is the executive department of the Philippine Government responsible for the coordination of science and technology-related projects in the Philippines and to formulate policies and projects in the fields of science and technology in support of national development.

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DigitalGlobe

DigitalGlobe is an American commercial vendor of space imagery and geospatial content, and operator of civilian remote sensing spacecraft.

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DirecTV

DirecTV (stylized as DIRECTV) is an American direct broadcast satellite service provider based in El Segundo, California and is a subsidiary of AT&T.

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Diwata-1

Diwata-1 also known as PHL-Microsat-1 is a Philippine microsatellite launched to the International Space Station (ISS) in March 23, 2016, and was deployed into orbit from the ISS in April 27, 2016.

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Dnepr (rocket)

The Dnepr rocket (translit; translit) is a space launch vehicle named after the Dnieper River.

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Docking and berthing of spacecraft

Docking and berthing of spacecraft is the joining of two space vehicles.

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E-st@r-II

e-st@r-II (Educational Satellite @ Polytechnic University of Turin 2) is a miniaturized satellite designed and built by Polytechnic University of Turin, as part of the "Fly Your Satellite" program of the European Space Agency.

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Earth observation

Earth observation (EO) is the gathering of information about the physical, chemical, and biological systems of the planet via remote-sensing technologies, supplemented by Earth-surveying techniques, which encompasses the collection, analysis, and presentation of data.

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Earth observation satellite

Earth observation satellites are satellites specifically designed for Earth observation from orbit, similar to spy satellites but intended for non-military uses such as environmental monitoring, meteorology, map making etc.

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Eastern Range

The Eastern Range (ER) is an American rocket range that supports missile and rocket launches from the two major launch heads located at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and the Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Florida.

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EchoStar

EchoStar Corporation is an American company, a worldwide provider of satellite communication solutions through its Hughes Network Systems and EchoStar Satellite Services business segments.

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ELA-3

ELA-3, short for Ensemble de Lancement Ariane 3 (French for Ariane Launch Area 3), is a launch pad and associated facilities at the Centre Spatial Guyanais in French Guiana.

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Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz

The Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz (ELS) (in English Soyuz Launch Complex) is a launch complex at the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou/Sinnamary, French Guiana.

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Epsilon (rocket)

The (formerly Advanced Solid Rocket) is a Japanese solid-fuel rocket designed to launch scientific satellites.

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Esrange

Esrange Space Center (short form Esrange) is a rocket range and research centre located about 40 kilometers east of the town of Kiruna in northern Sweden.

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Eurockot Launch Services

Eurockot Launch Services GmbH is a commercial spacecraft launch provider and was founded in 1995.

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European Data Relay System

The European Data Relay System (EDRS) system is a European constellation of state of the art GEO satellites that relay information and data between satellites, spacecraft, UAVs, and ground stations.

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European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites

The European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) is an intergovernmental organisation created through an international convention agreed by a current total of 30 European Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United Kingdom.

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European Space Agency

The European Space Agency (ESA; Agence spatiale européenne, ASE; Europäische Weltraumorganisation) is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states dedicated to the exploration of space.

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Eutelsat

Eutelsat S.A. is a European satellite operator.

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ExoMars

ExoMars (Exobiology on Mars) is a two-part astrobiology project to search for evidence of life on Mars, a joint mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Russian space agency Roscosmos.

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ExoMars (rover)

The ExoMars rover is a planned robotic Mars rover, part of the international ExoMars programme led by the European Space Agency and the Russian Roscosmos State Corporation.

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ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter

The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) is a collaborative project between the European Space Agency (ESA) and Roscosmos that sent an atmospheric research orbiter and the ''Schiaparelli'' demonstration lander to Mars in 2016 as part of the European-led ExoMars programme.

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Expedition 46

Expedition 46 was the 46th expedition to the International Space Station.

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Expedition 47

Expedition 47 was the 47th expedition to the International Space Station.

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Expedition 48

Expedition 48 was the 48th expedition to the International Space Station.

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Expedition 49

Expedition 49 was the 49th expedition to the International Space Station.

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Expedition 50

Expedition 50 was the 50th expedition to the International Space Station.

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Expedition 51

Expedition 51 was the 51st expedition to the International Space Station, which began upon the departure of Soyuz MS-02 on April 10, 2017 and concluded upon the departure of Soyuz MS-03 on June 2, 2017.

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Expedition 52

Expedition 52 is the 52nd expedition to the International Space Station.

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Extravehicular activity

Extravehicular activity (EVA) is any activity done by an astronaut or cosmonaut outside a spacecraft beyond the Earth's appreciable atmosphere.

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Falcon (rocket family)

The Falcon rocket family is an American family of multi-use rocket launch vehicles developed and operated by Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX).

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Falcon 9

Falcon 9 is a family of two-stage-to-orbit medium lift launch vehicles, named for its use of nine Merlin first-stage engines, designed and manufactured by SpaceX.

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Falcon 9 booster B1021

Falcon 9 booster B1021 is a first-stage reusable rocket booster for the Falcon 9 orbital launch vehicle manufactured by SpaceX.

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Falcon 9 first-stage landing tests

The Falcon 9 first-stage landing tests were a series of controlled-descent flight tests conducted by SpaceX between 2013 and 2016.

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Falcon 9 Full Thrust

Falcon 9 Full Thrust (also known as Falcon 9 v1.2, with Block 3, Block 4 and Block 5 variants) is a partially reusable medium-lift launch vehicle, designed and manufactured by SpaceX.

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Falcon 9 v1.1

Falcon 9 v1.1 was the second version of SpaceX's Falcon 9 orbital launch vehicle.

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Falcon Heavy

Falcon Heavy is a partially reusable heavy-lift launch vehicle designed and manufactured by SpaceX.

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Fregat

Fregat (Фрегат, frigate) is an upper stage developed by NPO Lavochkin in the 1990s, which is used in some Soyuz and Zenit rockets.

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French Navy

The French Navy (Marine Nationale), informally "La Royale", is the maritime arm of the French Armed Forces.

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Future Imagery Architecture

Future Imagery Architecture (FIA) was a program to design a new generation of optical and radar imaging US reconnaissance satellites for the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO).

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Gagarin's Start

Gagarin's Start (Гагаринский старт, Gagarinskiy start) is a launch site at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, used for the Soviet space program and now managed by Roscosmos State Corporation.

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Galileo (satellite navigation)

Galileo is the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that is being created by the European Union (EU) through the European Space Agency (ESA), headquartered in Prague in the Czech Republic, with two ground operations centres, Oberpfaffenhofen near Munich in Germany and Fucino in Italy.

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Gamma-ray astronomy

Gamma-ray astronomy is the astronomical observation of gamma rays,Astronomical literature generally hyphenates "gamma-ray" when used as an adjective, but uses "gamma ray" without a hyphen for the noun.

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GAUSS Srl

G.A.U.S.S. Srl (also known as GAUSS Srl) is an Italian limited liability private company specialized in the development and launch of small satellites, CubeSats and PocketQubes.

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Göktürk-1

Göktürk-1 is a high resolution earth observation satellite (greater than 50 cm) designed and developed for the Turkish Ministry of National Defence by the Italian space service company Telespazio with technological input from Turkish Aerospace Industries (TUSAŞ) and Aselsan of Turkey.

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Geo-IK-2

The Geo-IK-2 is a Russian series of new generation civilian geodesy satellites replacing the Soviet Union's Geo-IK and Sfera constellations.

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Geostationary transfer orbit

A geosynchronous transfer orbit or geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) is a Hohmann transfer orbit—an elliptical orbit used to transfer between two circular orbits of different radii in the same plane—used to reach geosynchronous or geostationary orbit using high-thrust chemical engines.

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Geosynchronous orbit

A geosynchronous orbit (sometimes abbreviated GSO) is an orbit around Earth of a satellite with an orbital period that matches Earth's rotation on its axis, which takes one sidereal day (23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds).

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Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle

Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle abbreviated as GSLV, is an expendable launch system operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

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Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III

The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III (GSLV-III), also referred to as the Launch Vehicle Mark 3 (LVM3) is a three-stage medium-lift launch vehicle developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

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German Aerospace Center

The German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V.), abbreviated DLR, is the national center for aerospace, energy and transportation research of the Federal Republic of Germany.

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GLONASS-M

GLONASS-M (ГЛОНАСС-М), also known as Uragan-M (Ураган-М) (GRAU Index 11F654M and manufacturing code 14F113) are the second generation of Uragan satellite design used as part of the Russian GLONASS radio-based satellite navigation system.

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GOES-16

GOES-16, formerly known as GOES-R before reaching geostationary orbit, is the first of the GOES-R series of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) operated by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), as well as the current operational geostationary weather satellite in the GOES East position at 75.2°W, providing a view centered on the Americas.

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Government of Belarus

The Government of the Republic of Belarus (Урад Рэспублікі Беларусь), which consists of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus, is the executive branch of state power in Belarus, and it is appointed by the President of Belarus.

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GPS Block IIF

GPS Block IIF, or GPS IIF is an interim class of GPS (satellite), which are used to keep the Navstar Global Positioning System operational until the GPS Block IIIA satellites become operational.

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Ground-Based Interceptor

The Ground-Based Interceptor is the anti-ballistic missile component of the United States' Ground-Based Midcourse Defense (GMD) system.

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GSAT-18

GSAT-18 is an Indian communications satellite.

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Guiana Space Centre

The Guiana Space Centre or, more commonly, Centre Spatial Guyanais (CSG) is a French and European spaceport to the northwest of Kourou in French Guiana.

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H-IIA

H-IIA (H2A) is an active expendable launch system operated by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) for the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency.

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H-IIB

H-IIB (H2B) is an expendable launch system used to launch H-II Transfer Vehicles (HTV, or Kounotori) towards the International Space Station.

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Hainan

Hainan is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea.

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Harmony (ISS module)

Harmony, also known as Node 2, is the "utility hub" of the International Space Station.

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Heliocentric orbit

A heliocentric orbit (also called circumsolar orbit) is an orbit around the barycenter of the Solar System, which is usually located within or very near the surface of the Sun.

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High Earth orbit

A high Earth orbit is a geocentric orbit with an altitude entirely above that of a geosynchronous orbit.

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High Resolution Coronal Imager

The High Resolution Coronal Imager (Hi-C) is a sub-orbital telescope designed to take high-resolution images of the Sun's corona.

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Himawari 9

Himawari 9 is a Japanese weather satellite, the 9th of the Himawari geostationary weather satellite operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency.

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HiRISE

For the Apple accessory see Twelve South High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment is a camera on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

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Hitomi (satellite)

, also known as ASTRO-H and New X-ray Telescope (NeXT), was an X-ray astronomy satellite commissioned by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) for studying extremely energetic processes in the Universe.

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Hohmann transfer orbit

In orbital mechanics, the Hohmann transfer orbit is an elliptical orbit used to transfer between two circular orbits of different radii in the same plane.

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Hughes Communications

Hughes Communications is a wholly owned subsidiary of EchoStar, headquartered in Germantown, Maryland.

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HyShot

HyShot is a research project of The University of Queensland, Australia, to demonstrate the possibility of supersonic combustion under flight conditions using two scramjet engines, one designed by The University of Queensland and one designed by QinetiQ (formerly the MOD's Defence Evaluation & Research Agency).

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Inclined orbit

A satellite is said to occupy an inclined orbit around Earth if the orbit exhibits an angle other than 0° to the equatorial plane.

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Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

The Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (abbreviated IITB or IIT Bombay) is a public engineering institution located at Powai, Mumbai, India.

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Indian National Satellite System

The Indian National Satellite System (Hindi: भारतीय राष्ट्रीय उपग्रह प्रणाली), or INSAT, is a series of multipurpose geo-stationary satellites launched by ISRO to satisfy the telecommunications, broadcasting, meteorology, and search and rescue operations.

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Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System

The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) with an operational name of NAVIC ("sailor" or "navigator" in Sanskrit, Hindi and many other Indian languages, which also stands for NAVigation with Indian Constellation) is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system, that provides accurate real-time positioning and timing services.

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Indian Space Research Organisation

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is the space agency of the Government of India headquartered in the city of Bangalore.

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Intelsat

Intelsat, S.A. is a communications satellite services provider.

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Intelsat 29e

Intelsat 29e, also known as IS-29e is a high throughput geostationary communications satellite designed and manufactured by Boeing on the BSS-702MP platform.

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Intelsat 33e

Intelsat 33e, also known as IS-33e, is a high throughput geostationary communications satellite operated by Intelsat and designed and manufactured by Boeing on the BSS-702MP platform.

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Intelsat 36

Intelsat 36, also known as IS-36, is a geostationary communications satellite operated by Intelsat and designed and manufactured by SSL on the SSL 1300 platform.

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International Docking Adapter

The International Docking Adapter (IDA) is a spacecraft docking system adapter being developed to convert APAS-95 to the NASA Docking System (NDS)/ International Docking System Standard (IDSS).

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International Launch Services

No description.

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International Space Station

The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit.

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Ionosphere

The ionosphere is the ionized part of Earth's upper atmosphere, from about to altitude, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere.

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IRNSS-1E

IRNSS-1E is the fifth out of seven in the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) series of satellites after IRNSS-1A, IRNSS-1B, IRNSS-1C and IRNSS-1D.

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IRNSS-1F

IRNSS-1F is the sixth navigation satellite out of seven in the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) series of satellites after IRNSS-1A, IRNSS-1B, IRNSS-1C, IRNSS-1D and IRNSS-1E.

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IRNSS-1G

IRNSS-1G was the seventh and final of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) series of satellites after IRNSS-1A, IRNSS-1B, IRNSS-1C, IRNSS-1D, IRNSS-1E and IRNSS-1F.

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Israel Aerospace Industries

Israel Aerospace Industries (Hebrew: התעשייה האווירית לישראל ha-ta'asiya ha-avirit le-yisra'el) or IAI (תע"א) is Israel's prime aerospace and aviation manufacturer, producing aerial and astronautic systems for both military and civilian usage.

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Israel Defense Forces

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, lit. "The Army of Defense for Israel"; جيش الدفاع الإسرائيلي), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal, are the military forces of the State of Israel.

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ISS year long mission

The One-Year Mission was a scientific research project aboard the International Space Station, which studied the health effects of long-term spaceflight.

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Istanbul Technical University

Istanbul Technical University (Turkish İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, commonly referred to as ITU or Technical University) is an international technical university located in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Japan Meteorological Agency

The, JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.

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Jason-3

Jason-3 is partnered with the European Organisation for the Exploration of Meteorological Satellites (EUMESTAT), and National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) and is an international cooperative mission in which NOAA is partnering with the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES, France's governmental space agency).

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JAXA

The is the Japanese national aerospace and space agency.

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JCSAT-15

JCSAT-15 is a communications satellite designed and manufactured for SKY Perfect JSAT Group by SSL on the SSL 1300 platform.

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JCSAT-16

JCSAT-16 is a geostationary communications satellite operated by SKY Perfect JSAT Group and designed and manufactured by SSL on the SSL 1300 platform.

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JCSAT-2B

JCSAT-2B, known as JCSAT-14 before commissioning, is a geostationary communications satellite operated by SKY Perfect JSAT Group and designed and manufactured by SSL on the SSL 1300 platform.

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Jeffrey Williams (astronaut)

Jeffrey Nels Williams (born January 18, 1958) is a retired United States Army officer and a NASA astronaut.

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Jet Propulsion Laboratory

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is a federally funded research and development center and NASA field center in Pasadena, California, United States, with large portions of the campus in La Cañada Flintridge, California.

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Jiuquan Launch Area 4

Launch Area 4 (LA-4), also known as the South Launch Site or SLS, and LC-43, is the only active Long March launch complex at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre.

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Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center

Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC) is a Chinese space vehicle launch facility (spaceport) located in the Gobi desert, Inner Mongolia.

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Joint Space Operations Center

Joint Space Operations Center (JSpOC) is a command and control (C2) weapon system focused on planning and executing US Strategic Command's Joint Functional Component Command for Space (JFCC SPACE) mission.

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Juno (spacecraft)

Juno is a NASA space probe orbiting the planet Jupiter.

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Jupiter

Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System.

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Kagawa University

is a national university in Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan.

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Kathleen Rubins

Kathleen Hallisey "Kate" Rubins (born October 14, 1978) is a NASA astronaut.

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Kennedy Space Center

The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers.

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Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center (ГКНПЦ им. М. В. Хру́ничева in Russian) is a Moscow-based producer of spacecraft and space-launch systems, including the Proton and Rokot rockets.

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Korean Committee of Space Technology

The Korean Committee of Space Technology (KCST;, Hanja: 朝鮮宇宙空間技術委員會) was the agency of the government of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) responsible for the country's space program.

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Kosmos 2514

Kosmos 2514 (Космос 2514 meaning Space 2514) is a Russian military satellite launched in 2016 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system.

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Kosmos 2516

Kosmos 2516 (Космос 2516 meaning Space 2516) is a Russian military satellite launched in 2016 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system.

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Kounotori 6

, also known as HTV-6, is the sixth flight of the H-II Transfer Vehicle, an unmanned cargo spacecraft launched to resupply the International Space Station.

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Kuaizhou

Kuaizhou (KZ,, meaning "speedy vessel") is a family of Chinese "quick-reaction" orbital launch vehicles.

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Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4

Kwangmyongsong-4 or KMS-4 is an earth observation satellite launched by North Korea on 7 February 2016.

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Kyushu Institute of Technology

is one of the 87 national universities in Japan.

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Kyushu University

, abbreviated to, is a Japanese national university located in Fukuoka, in the island of Kyushu.

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Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics

The Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) is a research organization at the University of Colorado Boulder.

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Landing Zones 1 and 2

Landing Zone 1 and Landing Zone 2, also known as LZ-1 and LZ-2, is a landing facility for recovering components of SpaceX's VTVL reusable launch vehicles.

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List of BeiDou satellites

This is a list of past and present satellites of the BeiDou/Compass navigation satellite system.

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List of Galileo satellites

This is a list of past and present satellites of the Galileo navigation system.

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List of GLONASS satellites

, 136 GLONASS navigation satellites have been launched, of which 124 reached the correct orbit and 24 are currently operational.

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List of H-I and H-II launches

This is a list of launches made by JAXA using H-I, H-II, H-IIA, and H-IIB rockets.

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List of Mars orbiters

The following table is a list of Mars orbiters, consisting of space probes which were launched from Earth and are currently orbiting Mars.

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List of NRO launches

This is a list of NRO Launch (NROL) designations, i.e. satellites operated by the United States National Reconnaissance Office.

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Long March (rocket family)

A Long March rocket or Changzheng rocket in Chinese pinyin is any rocket in a family of expendable launch systems operated by the People's Republic of China.

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Long March 11

The Long March 11, or Chang Zheng 11 as in pinyin, abbreviated LM-11 for export or CZ-11 within China, is a Chinese solid-fueled carrier rocket of the Long March family, which is developed by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation.

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Long March 2

Long March 2 rocket family or Chang Zheng 2 rocket family as in Chinese pinyin is an expendable launch system operated by the People's Republic of China.

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Long March 2D

The Long March 2D, also known as the Chang Zheng 2D, CZ-2D and LM-2D, is a Chinese orbital carrier rocket.

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Long March 2F

The Long March 2F (Changzheng 2F), also known as the CZ-2F, LM-2F and Shenjian, is a Chinese orbital carrier rocket, part of the Long March 2 rocket family.

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Long March 3

The Long March 3, also known as the Changzheng 3, CZ-3 and LM-3, was a Chinese orbital carrier rocket.

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Long March 3A

The Long March 3A, also known as the Chang Zheng 3A, CZ-3A and LM-3A, is a Chinese orbital carrier rocket.

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Long March 3B

The Long March 3B (Chang Zheng 3B), also known as the CZ-3B and LM-3B, is a Chinese orbital carrier rocket. Introduced in 1996, it is launched from Launch Area 2 and 3 at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan. A three-stage rocket with four strap-on liquid rocket boosters, it is currently the most powerful member of the Long March rocket family and the heaviest of the Long March 3 rocket family, and is mainly used to place communications satellites into geosynchronous orbits. An enhanced version, the Long March 3B/E or G2, was introduced in 2007 to increase the rocket's GTO cargo capacity and lift heavier GEO communications satellites. The Long March 3B also served as the basis for the medium-capacity Long March 3C, which was first launched in 2008., the Long March 3B and 3B/E have conducted 43 successful launches, plus one failure and two partial failures, giving them a success rate of.

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Long March 3C

The Long March 3C, also known as the Changzheng 3C, CZ-3C and LM-3C, is a Chinese orbital carrier rocket.

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Long March 4B

The Long March 4B, also known as the Chang Zheng 4B, CZ-4B and LM-4B is a Chinese orbital carrier rocket.

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Long March 4C

The Long March 4C, also known as the Chang Zheng 4C, CZ-4C and LM-4C, previously designated Long March 4B-II, is a Chinese orbital carrier rocket.

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Long March 5

Long March 5 (LM-5, CZ-5, or Changzheng 5) is a Chinese heavy lift launch system developed by China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT).

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Long March 7

The Long March 7, or Chang Zheng 7 as in pinyin, abbreviated LM-7 for export or CZ-7 within China, originally Long March 2F/H or Chang Zheng 2F/H, is a Chinese liquid-fuelled carrier rocket of the Long March family, developed by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation.

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Los Alamos National Laboratory

Los Alamos National Laboratory (Los Alamos or LANL for short) is a United States Department of Energy national laboratory initially organized during World War II for the design of nuclear weapons as part of the Manhattan Project.

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Louisiana State University

The Louisiana State University (officially Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, commonly referred to as LSU) is a public coeducational university located in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

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Low Earth orbit

A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit around Earth with an altitude of or less, and with an orbital period of between about 84 and 127 minutes.

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Maiden flight

The maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground under its own power.

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Maritime Monitoring and Messaging Microsatellite

The Maritime Monitoring and Messaging Microsatellite (M3MSat) is a tele-detection satellite developed by the Canadian Space Agency and launched in 2016.

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Mars

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.

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Mars Express

Mars Express is a space exploration mission being conducted by the European Space Agency (ESA).

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Mars landing

A Mars landing is a landing of a spacecraft on the surface of Mars.

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Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) is a multipurpose spacecraft designed to conduct reconnaissance and exploration of Mars from orbit.

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Medium Earth orbit

Medium Earth orbit (MEO), sometimes called intermediate circular orbit (ICO), is the region of space around Earth above low Earth orbit (altitude of above sea level) and below geostationary orbit (altitude of above sea level).

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Meridiani Planum

Meridiani Planum is a plain located 2 degrees south of Mars' equator (centered at), in the westernmost portion of Terra Meridiani.

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Micro-g environment

The term micro-g environment (also µg, often referred to by the term microgravity) is more or less a synonym for weightlessness and zero-g, but indicates that g-forces are not quite zero—just very small.

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MICROSCOPE (satellite)

The Micro-Satellite à traînée Compensée pour l'Observation du Principe d'Equivalence (MICROSCOPE) is a class minisatellite operated by CNES to test the universality of free fall (the equivalence principle) with a precision to the order of, 100 times more precise than can be achieved on Earth.

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Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport

The Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS) is a commercial space launch facility located at the southern tip of NASA's Wallops Flight Facility on Wallops Island in Virginia, just east of the Delmarva Peninsula and south of Chincoteague, Virginia, United States.

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Mikhail Kornienko

Mikhail Borisovich Kornienko (Михаил Борисович Корниенко; born 15 April 1960) is a Russian cosmonaut.

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Mikhailo Lomonosov (satellite)

Mikhailo Lomonosov (or MVL-300) is an astronomical satellite of MSU named after Mikhail Lomonosov.

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Missile Defense Agency

The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) has its origins in the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) which was established in 1983 by Ronald Reagan which was headed by Lt. General James Alan Abrahamson.

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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries

is a Japanese multinational engineering, electrical equipment and electronics company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

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Mobile User Objective System

The Mobile User Objective System is a narrowband military communications satellite system that supports a worldwide, multi-Service population of users in the ultra high frequency band.

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Montana State University

Montana State University (MSU) is a land-grant university located in Bozeman, Montana, United States.

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Moscow State University

Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU; Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, often abbreviated МГУ) is a coeducational and public research university located in Moscow, Russia.

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N/a

n/a or N/A is a common abbreviation in tables and lists for the phrase not applicable, not available, or no answer.

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Nagoya University

, abbreviated to, is a Japanese national university located in Chikusa-ku, Nagoya.

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Nanyang Technological University

The Nanyang Technological University (Abbreviation: NTU) is an autonomous research university in Singapore.

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NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.

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NASA Docking System

The NASA Docking System (NDS) is a spacecraft docking and berthing mechanism being developed for future US human spaceflight vehicles, such as the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle and the Commercial Crew vehicles.

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NASA Orbital Debris Program Office

The NASA Orbital Debris Program Office is located at the Johnson Space Center and is the lead NASA center for orbital debris research.

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NASASpaceFlight.com

NASASpaceFlight.com is a website that is devoted to manned and unmanned spaceflight news.

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National Institute for Space Research

The National Institute for Space Research (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, INPE) is a research unit of the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, whose main goals are fostering scientific research and technological applications and qualifying personnel in the fields of space and atmospheric sciences, space engineering, and space technology.

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National Institute of Aeronautics and Space

National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional/LAPAN) is the Indonesian government space agency.

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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA; pronounced, like "Noah") is an American scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce that focuses on the conditions of the oceans, major waterways, and the atmosphere.

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National Reconnaissance Office

The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) is a member of the United States Intelligence Community and an agency of the United States Department of Defense.

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National Space Program (Algeria)

The national space program program (PSN) horizons 2020 planned to put in place space infrastructures, space systems and increase the specialized human resources in space technologies.

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NBN Co

NBN Co Limited (trading as nbn) is an Australian government-owned corporation tasked to design, build and operate Australia's National Broadband Network as a monopoly wholesale broadband provider.

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New Shepard

The New Shepard reusable launch system is a vertical-takeoff, vertical-landing (VTVL), suborbital crewed rocket that is being developed by Blue Origin as a commercial system for suborbital space tourism.

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Northwestern Polytechnical University

Northwestern Polytechnical University (also known as NPU or NWPU;; Северо-западный политехнический университет) is a National Key University, directed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China, located in Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

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Ofek-11

Ofek-11, also known as Ofeq 11, is part of the Ofeq family of reconnaissance satellites designed and built by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) for the Israeli Ministry of Defense.

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Orbital ATK

Orbital ATK Inc. was an American aerospace manufacturer and defense industry company.

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Orion (satellite)

Orion, also known as Mentor or Advanced Orion, is a class of United States spy satellites that collect signals intelligence (SIGINT) from space.

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OSIRIS-REx

The OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security, Regolith Explorer) is a NASA asteroid study and sample-return mission.

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Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.

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Palmachim Airbase

The Palmachim Airbase (בָּסִיס חֵיל-הַאֲוִויר פַּלְמַחִים) is an Israeli military facility and spaceport located near the cities of Rishon LeZion and Yavne on the Mediterranean coast.

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Pegasus (rocket)

The Pegasus is an air-launched rocket developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation (now part of Northrop Grumman Innovation System after Northrop Grumman acquired Orbital ATK).

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Peggy Whitson

Peggy Annette Whitson (born February 9, 1960) is an American biochemistry researcher, retired NASA astronaut, and former NASA Chief Astronaut.

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People's Liberation Army

The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the armed forces of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Communist Party of China (CPC).

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Peruvian Armed Forces

The Peruvian Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas del Perú) are the military services of Peru, comprising independent Army, Navy and Air Force components.

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PES University

PES University (PESU), formerly PES Institute of Technology (PESIT), is a private university in Bengaluru, India.

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Phobos (moon)

Phobos (systematic designation) is the innermost and larger of the two natural satellites of Mars, the other being Deimos.

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Pirs (ISS module)

Pirs (Пирс, meaning "pier") – also called "Stykovochny Otsek 1" ("SO-1") (Стыковочный отсек, "docking module" and DC-1 (docking compartment) – is a Russian module on the International Space Station (ISS). Pirs was launched in August 2001. It provides the ISS with one docking port for Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, and allows egress and ingress for spacewalks by cosmonauts using Russian Orlan space suits. A second docking compartment, "Stykovochniy Otsek 2" or SO-2, was planned with the same design. However, when the Russian segment of the ISS was redesigned in 2001, the new design no longer included the SO-2, and its construction was canceled. After another change of plans the SO-2 module finally evolved into the ''Poisk'' module, which was added to the ISS in 2009. Pirs was scheduled to be detached from the ISS and deorbited in 2017 by Progress MS-06, to make room for the Russian Multipurpose Laboratory Module ''Nauka'', however due to the repetitive delays with the laboratory module, this maneuver was postponed for Progress MS-09 in 2018.

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Planet Labs

Planet Labs, Inc. (formerly Cosmogia, Inc.) is an American private Earth imaging company based in San Francisco, CA.

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Plesetsk Cosmodrome

Plesetsk Cosmodrome (p) is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk, dates from 1957.

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Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 133

Site 133, also known as Raduga (Радуга meaning Rainbow), is a launch complex at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia.

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Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 43

Site 43, also known as SK-3 and SK-4, is a launch complex at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia.

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Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle

The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is an expendable launch system developed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

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Polytechnic University of Catalonia

Polytechnic University of Catalonia (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, UPC), currently referred to as BarcelonaTech and commonly named just as UPC, is the largest engineering university in Catalonia, Spain.

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Polytechnic University of Turin

The Polytechnic University of Turin (Politecnico di Torino) is a partly-public engineering university based in Turin, Italy.

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Pressurized Mating Adapter

The Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA) is a spacecraft adapter that converts the Common Berthing Mechanism (CBM) used on the US Orbital Segment to APAS-95 docking ports.

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Progress MS-02

Progress MS-02, identified by NASA as Progress 63 or 63P, is a Progress spacecraft used by Roscosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2016.

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Progress MS-03

Progress MS-03, identified by NASA as Progress 64 or 64P, is a Progress spacecraft to be used by Roscosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS).

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Progress MS-04

Progress MS-04, identified by NASA as Progress 65 or 65P, was a Progress cargo spacecraft launched by Roscosmos in an unsuccessful attempt to resupply the International Space Station (ISS).

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Proton (rocket family)

Proton (Russian: Протон) (formal designation: UR-500) is an expendable launch system used for both commercial and Russian government space launches.

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Proton-M

The Proton-M, (Протон-М) GRAU index 8K82M or, is a Russian heavy-lift launch vehicle derived from the Soviet-developed Proton.

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Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics

The Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics is Purdue University's school of aerospace engineering contained within the Purdue University College of Engineering.

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Quantum Experiments at Space Scale

Quantum Experiments at Space Scale (QUESS), is an international research project in the field of quantum physics.

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Quest Joint Airlock

The Quest Joint Airlock, previously known as the Joint Airlock Module, is the primary airlock for the International Space Station.

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R-29 Vysota

R-29 Vysota Р-29 Высота (height, altitude) is a family of Soviet submarine-launched ballistic missiles, designed by Makeyev Rocket Design Bureau.

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R-29RMU Sineva

The R-29RMU Sineva (Синева, lit. "blueness"), code RSM-54, is a Russian liquid-fueled submarine-launched ballistic missile with GRAU index 3M27, designation SS-N-23A Skiff.

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R-36 (missile)

The R-36 (Р-36) is a family of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and space launch vehicles (Tsyklon) designed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

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R-7 (rocket family)

The R-7 family of rockets (Р-7) is a series of rockets, derived from the Soviet R-7 Semyorka, the world's first ICBM.

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RAAF Woomera Range Complex

The RAAF Woomera Range Complex (WRC) is a major Australian military and civil aerospace facility and operation located in South Australia, approximately north-west of Adelaide.

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Radiation

In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.

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RD-191

The RD-191 is a high performance single-combustion chamber rocket engine, developed in Russia.

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Reconnaissance satellite

A reconnaissance satellite (commonly, although unofficially, referred to as a spy satellite) is an Earth observation satellite or communications satellite deployed for military or intelligence applications.

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Remote sensing

Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object and thus in contrast to on-site observation.

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Resourcesat-2A

Resourcesat-2A is a follow on mission to Resourcesat-1 and Resourcesat-2 which were launched in October, 2003 and April, 2011 respectively.

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Resurs-P

Resurs-P is a series of Russian commercial Earth observation satellites capable of acquiring high-resolution imagery (resolution up to 1.0 m).

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Retrograde and prograde motion

Retrograde motion in astronomy is, in general, orbital or rotational motion of an object in the direction opposite the rotation of its primary, that is the central object (right figure).

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Rokot

Rokot (Рокот meaning Rumble or Boom), also transliterated Rockot, is a Russian space launch vehicle that can launch a payload of 1,950 kilograms into a 200 kilometre Earth orbit with 63° inclination.

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Roscosmos

The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities (Государственная корпорация по космической деятельности «Роскосмос»), commonly known as Roscosmos (Роскосмос), is a state corporation responsible for the space flight and cosmonautics program for the Russian Federation.

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Rosetta (spacecraft)

Rosetta was a space probe built by the European Space Agency launched on 2 March 2004.

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Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.

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RS-24 Yars

The RS-24 Yars also known as RT-24 Yars or Topol'-MR (PC-24 «Ярс», NATO reporting name: SS-29 or SS-27 Mod 2) is a Russian MIRV-equipped, thermonuclear armed intercontinental ballistic missile first tested on May 29, 2007, after a secret military R&D project, to replace the older R-36 and UR-100N that have been in use for nearly 50 years.

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RT-2PM Topol

The RT-2PM Topol (РТ-2ПМ Тополь ("Poplar"); NATO reporting name SS-25 Sickle; GRAU designation: 15Ж58 ("15Zh58"); START I designation: RS-12M Topol) is a mobile intercontinental ballistic missile designed in the Soviet Union and in service with Russia's Strategic Missile Troops.

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Russian Aerospace Forces

The Russian Aerospace Forces or VKS (r) are the Aerospace Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

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Russian Navy

The Russian Navy (r, lit. Military-Maritime Fleet of the Russian Federation) is the naval arm of the Russian Armed Forces.

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Russian submarine Novomoskovsk (K-407)

Novomoskovsk (K-407) is a Project 667BDRM ''Delfin''-class ballistic missile submarine (NATO reporting name Delta IV) of the Russian Navy's Northern Fleet.

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Russian submarine Svyatoy Georgiy Pobedonosets (K-433)

K-433 Svyatoy Georgiy Pobedonosets is a Russian Project 667BDR Kalmar class (NATO reporting name: Delta III) nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine.

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Russian submarine Yury Dolgorukiy (K-535)

K-535 Yuriy Dolgorukiy is the first ballistic missile submarine of the Project 955 in service with the Russian Navy.

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S-Series (rocket family)

S-Series is a fleet of sounding rockets funded by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) that have been in service since the late 1960s.

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Safir (rocket)

The Safir (سفیر, meaning "ambassador") is the first Iranian expendable launch vehicle that is able to place a satellite in orbit.

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Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University)

Samara State Aerospace University (National Research University)(SSAU), in is one of Russia's leading engineering and technical institutions.

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San Jose State University

San José State University (commonly referred to as San Jose State or SJSU) is a public comprehensive university located in San Jose, California, in Silicon Valley.

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Satellite Data System

The Satellite Data System (SDS) is a system of United States military communications satellites.

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Satellite geodesy

Satellite geodesy is geodesy by means of artificial satellites — the measurement of the form and dimensions of Earth, the location of objects on its surface and the figure of the Earth's gravity field by means of artificial satellite techniques.

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Satellite navigation

A satellite navigation or satnav system is a system that uses satellites to provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning.

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Satellogic

Satellogic is an Argentine company specialized in Earth-observation satellites, founded in 2010 by Emiliano Kargieman.

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Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University) at Chennai in Tamil Nadu, India, founded in 1987 as Sathyabama Engineering College by Dr.

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SathyabamaSat

SathyabamaSat is a micro experimental satellite developed by students and faculty of Sathyabama University, Chennai to collect data on greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and hydrogen fluoride).

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Satish Dhawan Space Centre

Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) or Sriharikota Range (SHAR) is a rocket launch centre operated by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

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Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad

The First Launch Pad of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre is a rocket launch site in Sriharikota, India that began operation in 1993.

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Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad

The Second Launch Pad of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre is a rocket launch site in Sriharikota, India.

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SCATSAT-1

SCATSAT-1 (Scatterometer Satellite-1) is a miniature satellite providing weather forecasting, cyclone prediction, and tracking services to India.

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Schiaparelli EDM lander

Schiaparelli EDM lander was the Entry, Descent and Landing Demonstrator Module (EDM) of the ExoMars programme—a joint mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Russian space agency Roscosmos.

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Scott Kelly (astronaut)

Scott Joseph Kelly (born February 21, 1964) is an engineer, retired American astronaut, and a retired U.S. Navy Captain.

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Sea of Okhotsk

The Sea of Okhotsk (Ohōtsuku-kai) is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, between the Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, the island of Hokkaido to the south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a long stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north.

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Sentinel-1B

Sentinel-1B is a European radar imaging satellite launched on 25 April 2016.

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Sentinel-3A

Sentinel-3A is a European Space Agency Earth observation satellite dedicated to oceanography which launched on 16 February 2016.

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Sergey Volkov (cosmonaut)

Sergey Aleksandrovich Volkov (Сергей Александрович Волков; born April 1, 1973, in Chuhuiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union) is a retired Russian cosmonaut and engineer.

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SES S.A.

SES S.A. is a communications satellite owner and operator providing video and data connectivity worldwide to broadcasters, content and internet service providers, mobile and fixed network operators, governments and institutions, with a mission to “connect, enable, and enrich”.

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SES-9

SES-9 is a geostationary communications satellite operated by SES S.A. It was launched from Cape Canaveral SLC-40 by a Falcon 9 Full Thrust rocket on 4 March 2016.

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Shahab-3

The Shahab-3 (Ŝahāb 3; shahâb means "meteor") is a medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) developed by Iran and based on the North Korean Nodong-1.

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Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology

The Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST) is a Chinese space agency and subordinate of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC), it is referred to as The Eighth Division of CASC.

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Shavit

Shavit (Hebrew: "comet" – שביט) is a small lift launch vehicle produced by Israel from 1982 onwards, to launch satellites into orbit.

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Shenzhou 11

Shenzhou 11 was a manned spaceflight of the Shenzhou program of China, launched on 17 October 2016 (16 October UTC) from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.

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Sky Muster

Sky Muster are geostationary (GEO) communications satellites operated by NBN Co Limited and built by SSL.

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SKY Perfect JSAT Group

The SKY Perfect JSAT Group is a Japanese corporate group that claims to be Asia’s largest satellite communication and multi-channel pay TV company.

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SkySat

SkySat is a constellation of sub-meter resolution Earth observation satellites owned by Planet Labs, providing imagery, high-definition video and analytics services.

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Sohae Satellite Launching Station

Sohae Satellite Launching Station (also known as Tongch'ang-dong Space Launch Center and Pongdong-ri) is a rocket launching site in Cholsan County, North Pyongan Province, North Korea.

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Solar Dynamics Observatory

The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) is a NASA mission which has been observing the Sun since 2010.

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Southwest Research Institute

Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, is one of the oldest and largest independent, nonprofit, applied research and development (R&D) organizations in the United States.

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Soyuz (rocket family)

Soyuz (Союз, meaning "union", GRAU index 11A511) is a family of expendable launch systems developed by OKB-1 and manufactured by Progress Rocket Space Centre in Samara, Russia.

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Soyuz at the Guiana Space Centre

Soyuz at the Guiana Space Centre (also known as Soyuz at CSG or Arianespace Soyuz) is an ongoing ESA programme for operating Soyuz-ST launch vehicles from Guiana Space Centre (CSG), providing medium-size launch capability for Arianespace to accompany the light Vega and heavy-lift Ariane 5.

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Soyuz MS

The Soyuz-MS (GRAU: 11F732A48) is the latest revision of the Soyuz spacecraft.

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Soyuz MS-01

Soyuz MS-01 was a 2016 Soyuz spaceflight to the International Space Station.

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Soyuz MS-02

Soyuz MS-02 was a 2016 Soyuz spaceflight that was planned for a 23 September 2016 launch, but because of technical difficulties it launched on 19 October 2016.

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Soyuz MS-03

Soyuz MS-03 was a Soyuz spaceflight launched on 17 November 2016.

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Soyuz TMA-20M

Soyuz TMA-20M was a 2016 Soyuz was a 2016 spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS).

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Soyuz-2

Soyuz-2, GRAU index 14A14, is the collective designation for the new version of the Russian Soyuz rocket.

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Soyuz-FG

The Soyuz-FG launch vehicle is an improved version of the Soyuz-U from the R-7 family of rockets, designed and constructed by TsSKB-Progress in Samara.

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Soyuz-TMA

The Soyuz-TMA is a revision of the Soyuz spacecraft, superseded in 2010 by the Soyuz TMA-M. (T – транспортный – Transportnyi – meaning transport, M – модифицированный – Modifitsirovannyi – meaning modified, A – антропометрический, – Antropometricheskii meaning anthropometric).

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Soyuz-U

The Soyuz-U launch vehicle was an improved version of the original Soyuz rocket.

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Space Based Space Surveillance

The Space Based Space Surveillance (SBSS) system is a planned constellation of satellites and supporting ground infrastructure that will improve the ability of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) to detect and track space objects in orbit around the Earth.

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Space debris

Space debris (also known as space junk, space waste, space trash, space litter or space garbage) is a term for the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, most notably in Earth orbit, such as old satellites and spent rocket stages.

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Space logistics

According to the AIAA Space Logistics Technical Committee, space logistics is However, this definition in its larger sense includes terrestrial logistics in support of space travel, including any additional "design and development, acquisition, storage, movement, distribution, maintenance, evacuation, and disposition of space materiel", movement of people in space (both routine and for medical and other emergencies), and contracting and supplying any required support services for maintaining space travel.

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Space station

A space station, also known as an orbital station or an orbital space station, is a spacecraft capable of supporting crewmembers, which is designed to remain in space (most commonly as an artificial satellite in low Earth orbit) for an extended period of time and for other spacecraft to dock.

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Space.com

Space.com is a space and astronomy news website.

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Spacecom

Spacecom, or Space Communication, is an Israeli communications satellite operator in the Middle East, European Union and North America headquartered in the city of Ramat Gan, Israel.

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SpaceX

Space Exploration Technologies Corp., doing business as SpaceX, is a private American aerospace manufacturer and space transportation services company headquartered in Hawthorne, California.

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SpaceX CRS-8

SpaceX CRS-8, also known as SpX-8, was a Commercial Resupply Service mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was launched on April 8, 2016, at 20:43 UTC.

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SpaceX CRS-9

SpaceX CRS-9, also known as SpX-9, is a Commercial Resupply Service mission to the International Space Station which launched on 18 July 2016.

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SpaceX reusable launch system development program

The SpaceX reusable launch system development program is a privately funded program to develop a set of new technologies for an orbital launch system that may be reused many times in a manner similar to the reusability of aircraft.

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Spire Global

Spire Global, Inc. is an American private company specializing in data gathered from a network of small satellites.

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Star One (satellite operator)

Star One (also known as Embratel Star One) is a Brazilian communication satellite company.

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Star One D1

Star One D1 is a communications satellite operated by Star One with headquarters in Rio de Janeiro. It was built by Space Systems/Loral (SSL) based on the SSL 1300 satellite bus, and launched on an Ariane 5 ECA carrier rocket on 21 December 2016.

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Stargazer (aircraft)

No description.

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Strategic Missile Troops

The Strategic Missile Troops or Strategic Rocket Forces of the Russian Federation or RVSN RF are a military branch of the Russian Armed Forces that controls Russia's land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs).

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Sun-synchronous orbit

A Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO, also called a heliosynchronous orbit) is a nearly polar orbit around a planet, in which the satellite passes over any given point of the planet's surface at the same local mean solar time.

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Swayam

Swayam is a 1-U picosatellite (CubeSat) developed by the undergraduate students of College of Engineering, Pune.

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Swedish Space Corporation

Swedish Space Corporation (SSC) is a comprehensive space company that has 40 years of experience in helping space organizations, companies and research organizations with access to space.

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Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center

The Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center (TSLC) also known as Base 25, is a People's Republic of China space and defence launch facility (spaceport).

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Tancredo-1

Tancredo-1 is a Brazilian picosatellite, it is a TubeSat which was developed by the students from the school Tancredo Almeida Neves, in Ubatuba (SP), with support for the picosat platform made by Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), adapting and integration to launch provided by TuPOD from Italian company and by Agência Espacial Brasileira (AEB).

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Tanegashima Space Center

The (TNSC) is a Japanese space development facility.

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TanSat

TanSat, also known as CarbonSat, is a Chinese Earth observation satellite dedicated to monitoring carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere.

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Terrier Malemute

The Terrier Malemute is a two-stage American sounding rocket typically used for smaller payloads (less than). Both the Terrier first stage and the Malemute second stage use solid fuel.

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Terrier Orion

The Terrier Orion sounding rocket is a combination of the Terrier booster rocket with the Orion rocket used as a second stage.

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TEXUS

TEXUS is a European/German sounding rocket programme, serving the microgravity programmes of ESA and DLR.

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Thaicom

Thaicom is the name of a series of communications satellites operated from Thailand, and also the name of Thaicom Public Company Limited, which is the company that owns and operates the Thaicom satellite fleet and other telecommunication businesses in Thailand and throughout the Asia-Pacific region.

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Thaicom 8

THAICOM 8 (ไทยคม 8) is a Thai satellite of the THAICOM series, operated by Thaicom Public Limited Company, a subsidiary of INTOUCH, and is considered to be the 8th THAICOM satellite headquartered in Bangkok, Thailand.

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The Aerospace Corporation

The Aerospace Corporation is a California nonprofit corporation that operates a federally funded research and development center (FFRDC) headquartered in El Segundo, California.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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Tiangong-2

Tiangong-2 is a Chinese space laboratory and part of the Project 921-2 space station program.

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Tianlian I

Tianlian I (Simplified Chinese: 天链一号, Traditional Chinese: 天鏈一號, English: Sky Chain), also known as Tian Lian 1, TL-1, and CTDRS-1 is a Chinese data tracking and relay communications satellite series.

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Tim Peake

Major Timothy Nigel Peake (born 7 April 1972) is a British Army Air Corps officer, European Space Agency astronaut and a former International Space Station (ISS) crew member.

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Timothy Kopra

Timothy Lennart "Tim" Kopra (born April 9, 1963) is an engineer, a Colonel in the United States Army, a NASA astronaut, and the former commander of the International Space Station.

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Titan (moon)

Titan is the largest moon of Saturn.

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Tohoku University

, abbreviated to, located in Sendai, Miyagi in the Tōhoku Region, Japan, is a Japanese national university.

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Tokai University

is a private university founded by Dr.

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Tomsk Polytechnic University

Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) in Tomsk, Russia, is the oldest technical university in Russia east of the Urals.

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Toyama Prefectural University

is a public university at Imizu, Toyama, Japan.

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Turkish Armed Forces

The Turkish Armed Forces (TAF; Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri, TSK) are the military forces of the Republic of Turkey.

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Twitter

Twitter is an online news and social networking service on which users post and interact with messages known as "tweets".

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Uchinoura Space Center

The is a space launch facility close to the Japanese town of Kimotsuki, in Kagoshima Prefecture.

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UGM-133 Trident II

The UGM-133A Trident II, or Trident D5 is a submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM), built by Lockheed Martin Space Systems in Sunnyvale, California, and deployed with the American and British navies.

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Ullage motor

Ullage motors (also known as ullage engines or ullage rockets) are relatively small, independently fueled rocket engines that may be fired to accelerate the rocket prior to main engine ignition, when the vehicle is in a zero-g situation.

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Unha

The Unha or Eunha (은하, 銀河, "Galaxy") is a North Korean expendable carrier rocket, which partially utilizes the same delivery system as the Taepodong-2 long-range ballistic missile.

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United Launch Alliance

United Launch Alliance (ULA) is a joint venture of Lockheed Martin Space Systems and Boeing Defense, Space & Security.

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United States Air Force

The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial and space warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

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United States Navy

The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States.

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Universal Rocket

The Universal Rocket or UR family of missiles and carrier rockets is a Russian, previously Soviet rocket family.

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University of Central Florida

The University of Central Florida, or UCF, is an American public state university in Orlando, Florida.

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University of Colorado

The University of Colorado system is a system of public universities in Colorado consisting of four campuses: University of Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, University of Colorado Denver in downtown Denver and at the Anschutz Medical Campus in Aurora.

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University of Colorado Boulder

The University of Colorado Boulder (commonly referred to as CU or Colorado) is a public research university located in Boulder, Colorado, United States.

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University of Idaho

The University of Idaho (officially abbreviated UI, locally referred to as "U of I" or "UIdaho") is the U.S. state of Idaho's oldest public university.

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University of Liège

The University of Liège (ULiège), in Liège, Wallonia, Belgium, is a major public university in the French Community of Belgium.

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University of Oslo

The University of Oslo (Universitetet i Oslo), until 1939 named the Royal Frederick University (Det Kongelige Frederiks Universitet), is the oldest university in Norway, located in the Norwegian capital of Oslo.

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University of Tokyo

, abbreviated as or UTokyo, is a public research university located in Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.

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University of Tsukuba

, one of the oldest national universities (established by Japanese Government) and one of the most comprehensive research universities in Japan, is in the city of Tsukuba (known as Tsukuba Science City), Ibaraki Prefecture in the Kantō region of Japan.

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UR-100

The UR-100 (УР-100) was an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) developed and deployed by the Soviet Union from 1966 to 1996. УР in its designation stands for " Универсальная Ракета" (Universal Rocket). It was known during the Cold War by the NATO reporting name SS-11 Sego and internally by the GRAU index 8K84. The Strela and Rokot carrier rockets are based on it. The similar designation UR-100MR actually refers to an entirely different missile, the MR-UR-100 Sotka (SS-17 Spanker).

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USA-266

USA-266, also known as GPS IIF-12, GPS SVN-70 and NAVSTAR 76, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System.

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Vandenberg AFB Launch Facility 04

Vandenberg Air Force Base Launch Facility 04 (LC-04) is a former United States Air Force (USAF) Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) launch facility on Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA.

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Vandenberg AFB Launch Facility 10

Vandenberg Air Force Base Launch Facility 10 (LC-10) is a US Air Force Intercontinental ballistic missile launch facility on Vandenberg AFB, California, USA.

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Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 3

Space Launch Complex 3 (SLC-3) is a launch site at Vandenberg Air Force Base that has been used by Atlas and Thor rockets.

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Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 4

Space Launch Complex 4 (SLC-4) is a launch and landing site at Vandenberg Air Force Base with two pads, both of which are used by SpaceX for Falcon 9 launch operations.

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Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 6

Space Launch Complex-6 (SLC-6, pronounced "Slick Six") at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California is a launch pad and support area.

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Vandenberg Air Force Base

Vandenberg Air Force Base is a United States Air Force Base northwest of Lompoc, California.

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Vega (rocket)

Vega (Vettore Europeo di Generazione Avanzata, meaning "Advanced generation European carrier rocket"), is an expendable launch system in use by Arianespace jointly developed by the Italian Space Agency and the European Space Agency.

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Venus

Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days.

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Volga (rocket stage)

Volga, GRAU index 14S46, also designated 141KS, is a rocket upper stage designed in Russia.

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Vostochny Cosmodrome

Soyuz-2.1a from Vostochny Cosmodrome. 28 April 2016 The Vostochny Cosmodrome (Космодром Восточный Kosmodrom Vostochny "Eastern Spaceport") is a Russian spaceport under construction on the 51st parallel north in the Amur Oblast, in the Russian Far East.

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Vostochny Cosmodrome Site 1S

Site 1S is a launch complex at the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia.

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VS-30

The VS-30 is a Brazilian sounding rocket, derived from the Sonda 3 sounding rocket's first stage.

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VSB-30

VSB-30 - "Veículo de Sondagem Booster – 30" (Booster Sounding Vehicle) or "Foguete Suborbital VSB-30" is the designation of a Brazilian sounding rocket, which replaced the Skylark rocket at Esrange.

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VTVL

Vertical takeoff, vertical landing (VTVL) is a form of takeoff and landing for rockets.

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Wallops Flight Facility

Wallops Flight Facility (WFF), located on the Eastern Shore of Virginia, United States, approximately north-northeast of Norfolk, is operated by the Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, primarily as a rocket launch site to support science and exploration missions for NASA and other Federal agencies.

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Waseda University

, abbreviated as, is a Japanese private research university in Shinjuku, Tokyo.

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Weather satellite

The weather satellite is a type of satellite that is primarily used to monitor the weather and climate of the Earth.

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Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site

Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site (文昌航天发射场), located in Wenchang, Hainan, China.

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West Virginia University

West Virginia University (WVU) is a public, land-grant, space-grant, research-intensive university in Morgantown, West Virginia, United States.

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White Sea

The White Sea (Белое море, Béloye móre; Karelian and Vienanmeri, lit. Dvina Sea; Сэрако ямʼ, Serako yam) is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia.

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Wideband Global SATCOM

The Wideband Global SATCOM system (WGS) is a high capacity satellite communications system planned for use in partnership by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and the Australian Department of Defence.

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WorldView-4

WorldView-4, previously known as GeoEye-2, is a third generation commercial Earth observation satellite launched on 11 November 2016.

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X-ray astronomy satellite

An X-ray astronomy satellite studies X-ray emissions from celestial objects, as part of a branch of space science known as X-ray astronomy.

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X-ray pulsar-based navigation

X-ray pulsar-based navigation and timing (XNAV) or simply pulsar navigation is a navigation technique whereby the periodic X-ray signals emitted from pulsars are used to determine the location of a vehicle, such as a spacecraft in deep space.

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Xichang Satellite Launch Center

The Xichang Satellite Launch Center (XSLC), also known as the Xichang Space Center, is a People's Republic of China space vehicle launch facility (spaceport) approximately northwest of Xichang, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan.

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Yaogan

Yaogan (sometimes written YaoGan) refers to a series of Chinese reconnaissance satellites launched in the early 21st century.

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Yoshinobu Launch Complex

The Yoshinobu Launch Complex, also known as Launch Area Y, Area Y or LA-Y, is a launch complex at the Tanegashima Space Centre, located on Tanegashima, the Japanese island located 115 km south of Kyūshū.

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Yuanzheng-1

The Yuanzheng-1 (YZ-1) is a restartable rocket upper stage developed by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT) used as a fourth stage to enable the Long March 3B and Long March 3C launch vehicles to deploy payloads directly to high energy orbits like medium Earth orbit (MEO) and geostationary orbit (GSO).

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Yuri Malenchenko

Yuri Ivanovich Malenchenko (Юрий Иванович Маленченко; born December 22, 1961) is a retired Russian cosmonaut.

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Ziyuan (satellite)

Ziyuan or Zi Yuan (meaning resources) is a series of remote sensing satellites operated by the People's Republic of China.

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101955 Bennu

101955 Bennu (provisional designation) is a carbonaceous asteroid in the Apollo group discovered by the LINEAR Project on September 11, 1999.

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67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko

67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (abbreviated as 67P or 67P/C-G) is a Jupiter-family comet, originally from the Kuiper belt, with a current orbital period of 6.45 years, a rotation period of approximately 12.4 hours and a maximum velocity of.

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Redirects here:

2016 in space travel, Spaceflight in 2016.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_in_spaceflight

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