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234 relations: Absolute magnitude, Achernar, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Kathir al-Farghani, Alexandria, Almagest, Alpha Centauri in fiction, Alpha Crucis, Altair, Angular diameter, Angular distance, Anno Domini, Antipodal point, Apparent magnitude, Apsis, Arcturus, Asterism (astronomy), Asteroseismology, Astrometry, Astronomical unit, Astronomische Nachrichten, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomy & Geophysics, Astronomy (magazine), Axial precession, Barycenter, Bayer designation, Beta Centauri, Betelgeuse, Billion years, Binary star, Boötes, Boss General Catalogue, Breakthrough Starshot, Bright Star Catalogue, Brown dwarf, Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India, Cambridge University Press, Canary Islands, Canis Major, Canopus, Cassiopeia (constellation), Catalog of Components of Double and Multiple Stars, Catalogues of Fundamental Stars, Celestial cartography, Celestial equator, Celestial sphere, Centaurus, Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams, Chihuahua City, Chromosphere, ..., Circumbinary planet, Circumpolar star, Circumstellar disc, Circumstellar habitable zone, Coalsack Nebula, Color index, Comet, Common Era, Conjunction (astronomy), Constellation, Crux, Culmination, D. Reidel, Daylight, Declination, Degree (angle), Deneb, Didier Queloz, Double star, Durchmusterung, Ecliptic, Ecliptic coordinate system, Edmond Halley, Einstein ring, Ellipse, Ephemeris, Epoch (astronomy), Epsilon Cassiopeiae, Epsilon Centauri, Equilateral triangle, Eridanus (constellation), European Southern Observatory, Exoplanet, Extraterrestrial life, First magnitude star, Flare star, Friedrich Bessel, Frost line (astrophysics), G-Cloud, Galactic plane, Galveston, Texas, Gamma Cephei, Gas giant, Gemini (constellation), General Catalogue of Variable Stars, Georgia State University, Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars, Gyrochronology, Heart Nebula, Henry Draper Catalogue, Hermosillo, High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher, Hipparchus, Hipparcos, Horn (Chinese constellation), Hubble Space Telescope, Hydra (constellation), IAU Working Group on Star Names, Indigenous Australians, International Astronomical Union, Interplanetary dust cloud, Interstellar travel, Jacobus Golius, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Johannesburg, John Herschel, Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society, Lanzarote, Latin, Latinisation of names, Light curve, Light-year, List of brightest stars, List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs, Longman, Luhman 16, Luyten 726-8, Main sequence, Manuel John Johnson, Mars, Mercury (planet), Metallicity, Michel Mayor, Micrometer, Milky Way, Millennium, Minute and second of arc, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Moon, NASA, Nature (journal), Neptune, Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille, NPR, Nuclear pulse propulsion, Nutation, Ocala, Florida, Oort cloud, Open cluster, Opposition (planets), Orbital eccentricity, Orbital elements, Orbital period, Orders of magnitude (length), Orion (constellation), Parallax, Parsec, Penguin Books, Perspective (graphical), Photographic plate, Photosynthesis, Pluto, Pollux (star), Position angle, Precession, Procyon, Project Longshot, Proper motion, Proxima Centauri, Proxima Centauri b, Ptolemy, Puducherry, Radial velocity, Red dwarf, Research Consortium On Nearby Stars, Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica, Rigel, Right ascension, Robert Hues, Robert Russell Newton, Robert T. A. Innes, Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope, Saint Helena, Saturn, Scotland, Semi-major and semi-minor axes, Sirius, Sky & Telescope, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog, Solar sail, Solar System, South Africa, Space Interferometry Mission, Spectral line, Spectrograph, Spectroscopy, Springer Science+Business Media, Standard Chinese, Star, Star catalogue, Star system, Stéphane Udry, Stellar classification, Stellar evolution, Stellar rotation, Summer Triangle, Sun, Terrestrial planet, The Astronomical Journal, The Astrophysical Journal, The New York Times, Thomas Henderson (astronomer), Thomas Hyde, Transit (astronomy), Union Observatory, United States Naval Observatory, Universe Today, University of California, Santa Cruz, Uranus, Ursa Minor, Vanishing point, Vega, Vela (constellation), Venus, Very Large Telescope, Very-long-baseline interferometry, Victoria (Australia), Wergaia, William Stephen Finsen, X-ray, Year, 29th parallel north, 29th parallel south, 61 Cygni. Expand index (184 more) »
Absolute magnitude
Absolute magnitude is a measure of the luminosity of a celestial object, on a logarithmic astronomical magnitude scale.
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Achernar
Achernar is the name of the primary (or 'A') component of the binary system designated Alpha Eridani (α Eridani, abbreviated Alf Eri, α Eri), which is the brightest 'star' or point of light in, and lying at the southern tip of, the constellation of Eridanus, and the tenth-brightest in the night sky.
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Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Kathir al-Farghani
. (800/805-870) also known as Alfraganus in the West, was a Persian astronomer in the Abbasid court in Baghdad, and one of the most famous astronomers in the 9th century.
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Alexandria
Alexandria (or; Arabic: الإسكندرية; Egyptian Arabic: إسكندرية; Ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ; Ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ) is the second-largest city in Egypt and a major economic centre, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country.
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Almagest
The Almagest is a 2nd-century Greek-language mathematical and astronomical treatise on the apparent motions of the stars and planetary paths, written by Claudius Ptolemy. One of the most influential scientific texts of all time, its geocentric model was accepted for more than 1200 years from its origin in Hellenistic Alexandria, in the medieval Byzantine and Islamic worlds, and in Western Europe through the Middle Ages and early Renaissance until Copernicus.
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Alpha Centauri in fiction
As one of the brightest stars in Earth's night sky, and the closest-known star system to the Sun, the Alpha Centauri system plays an important role in many fictional works of literature, popular culture, television, and film.
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Alpha Crucis
Alpha Crucis (α Crucis, abbreviated Alpha Cru, α Cru) is a multiple star system located 321 light-years from the Sun in the constellation of Crux and part of the asterism known as the Southern Cross.
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Altair
Altair, also designated Alpha Aquilae (α Aquilae, abbreviated Alpha Aql, α Aql), is the brightest star in the constellation of Aquila and the twelfth brightest star in the night sky.
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Angular diameter
The angular diameter, angular size, apparent diameter, or apparent size is an angular measurement describing how large a sphere or circle appears from a given point of view.
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Angular distance
In mathematics (in particular geometry and trigonometry) and all natural sciences (e.g. astronomy and geophysics), the angular distance (angular separation, apparent distance, or apparent separation) between two point objects, as viewed from a location different from either of these objects, is the angle of length between the two directions originating from the observer and pointing toward these two objects.
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Anno Domini
The terms anno Domini (AD) and before Christ (BC) are used to label or number years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars.
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Antipodal point
In mathematics, the antipodal point of a point on the surface of a sphere is the point which is diametrically opposite to it — so situated that a line drawn from the one to the other passes through the center of the sphere and forms a true diameter.
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Apparent magnitude
The apparent magnitude of a celestial object is a number that is a measure of its brightness as seen by an observer on Earth.
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Apsis
An apsis (ἁψίς; plural apsides, Greek: ἁψῖδες) is an extreme point in the orbit of an object.
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Arcturus
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Asterism (astronomy)
In observational astronomy, an asterism is a popular known pattern or group of stars that are recognised in the night sky.
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Asteroseismology
Asteroseismology or astroseismology is the study of oscillations in stars.
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Astrometry
Astrometry is the branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars and other celestial bodies.
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Astronomical unit
The astronomical unit (symbol: au, ua, or AU) is a unit of length, roughly the distance from Earth to the Sun.
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Astronomische Nachrichten
Astronomische Nachrichten (Astronomical Notes), one of the first international journals in the field of astronomy, was founded in 1821 by the German astronomer Heinrich Christian Schumacher.
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Astronomy & Astrophysics
Astronomy & Astrophysics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering theoretical, observational, and instrumental astronomy and astrophysics.
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Astronomy & Geophysics
Astronomy & Geophysics (A&G) is a scientific journal and trade magazine published on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) by Oxford University Press.
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Astronomy (magazine)
Astronomy is a monthly American magazine about astronomy.
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Axial precession
In astronomy, axial precession is a gravity-induced, slow, and continuous change in the orientation of an astronomical body's rotational axis.
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Barycenter
The barycenter (or barycentre; from the Ancient Greek βαρύς heavy + κέντρον centre) is the center of mass of two or more bodies that are orbiting each other, which is the point around which they both orbit.
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Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek letter, followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name.
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Beta Centauri
Beta Centauri (β Centauri, abbreviated Beta Cen, β Cen), also named Agena and Hadar, is a triple star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus.
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Betelgeuse
Betelgeuse, also designated Alpha Orionis (α Orionis, abbreviated Alpha Ori, α Ori), is the ninth-brightest star in the night sky and second-brightest in the constellation of Orion.
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Billion years
A billion years (109 years) is a unit of time on the petasecond scale, more precisely equal to seconds.
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Binary star
A binary star is a star system consisting of two stars orbiting around their common barycenter.
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Boötes
Boötes is a constellation in the northern sky, located between 0° and +60° declination, and 13 and 16 hours of right ascension on the celestial sphere.
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Boss General Catalogue
Boss General Catalogue (GC, sometimes General Catalogue) is an astronomical catalogue containing 33,342 stars.
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Breakthrough Starshot
Breakthrough Starshot is a research and engineering project by the Breakthrough Initiatives to develop a proof-of-concept fleet of light sail spacecraft named StarChip, to be capable of making the journey to the Alpha Centauri star system 4.37 light-years away.
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Bright Star Catalogue
The Bright Star Catalogue, also known as the Yale Catalogue of Bright Stars or Yale Bright Star Catalogue, is a star catalogue that lists all stars of stellar magnitude 6.5 or brighter, which is roughly every star visible to the naked eye from Earth.
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Brown dwarf
Brown dwarfs are substellar objects that occupy the mass range between the heaviest gas giant planets and the lightest stars, having masses between approximately 13 to 75–80 times that of Jupiter, or approximately to about.
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Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India
The Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India is the official quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal of the Astronomical Society of India established in 1973 and published until the end of 2014.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.
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Canary Islands
The Canary Islands (Islas Canarias) is a Spanish archipelago and autonomous community of Spain located in the Atlantic Ocean, west of Morocco at the closest point.
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Canis Major
Canis Major is a constellation in the southern celestial hemisphere.
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Canopus
Canopus, also designated Alpha Carinae (α Carinae, abbreviated Alpha Car, α Car), is the brightest star in the southern constellation of Carina, and the second-brightest star in the night-time sky, after Sirius.
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Cassiopeia (constellation)
Cassiopeia is a constellation in the northern sky, named after the vain queen Cassiopeia in Greek mythology, who boasted about her unrivalled beauty.
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Catalog of Components of Double and Multiple Stars
The Catalog of Components of Double and Multiple Stars, or CCDM, is an astrometric star catalogue of double and multiple stars.
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Catalogues of Fundamental Stars
The Catalogue of Fundamental Stars is a series of six astrometric catalogues of high precision positional data for a small selection of stars to define a celestial reference frame, which is a standard coordinate system for measuring positions of stars.
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Celestial cartography
Celestial cartography, uranography, astrography or star cartography is the fringe of astronomy and branch of cartography concerned with mapping stars, galaxies, and other astronomical objects on the celestial sphere.
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Celestial equator
The celestial equator is the great circle of the imaginary celestial sphere on the same plane as the equator of Earth.
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Celestial sphere
In astronomy and navigation, the celestial sphere is an abstract sphere with an arbitrarily large radius concentric to Earth.
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Centaurus
Centaurus is a bright constellation in the southern sky.
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Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams
The Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams (CBAT) is the official international clearing house for information relating to transient astronomical events.
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Chihuahua City
The city of Chihuahua is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua.
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Chromosphere
The chromosphere (literally, "sphere of color") is the second of the three main layers in the Sun's atmosphere and is roughly 3,000 to 5,000 kilometers deep.
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Circumbinary planet
A circumbinary planet is a planet that orbits two stars instead of one.
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Circumpolar star
A circumpolar star is a star, as viewed from a given latitude on Earth, that never sets below the horizon due to its apparent proximity to one of the celestial poles.
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Circumstellar disc
A circumstellar disc (or circumstellar disk) is a torus, pancake or ring-shaped accumulation of matter composed of gas, dust, planetesimals, asteroids or collision fragments in orbit around a star.
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Circumstellar habitable zone
In astronomy and astrobiology, the circumstellar habitable zone (CHZ), or simply the habitable zone, is the range of orbits around a star within which a planetary surface can support liquid water given sufficient atmospheric pressure.
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Coalsack Nebula
The Coalsack Dark Nebula (or simply the Coalsack) is the most prominent dark nebula in the skies, easily visible to the naked eye as a dark patch silhouetted against the southern Milky Way.
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Color index
In astronomy, the color index is a simple numerical expression that determines the color of an object, which in the case of a star gives its temperature.
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Comet
A comet is an icy small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, warms and begins to release gases, a process called outgassing.
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Common Era
Common Era or Current Era (CE) is one of the notation systems for the world's most widely used calendar era – an alternative to the Dionysian AD and BC system.
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Conjunction (astronomy)
In astronomy, a conjunction occurs when two astronomical objects or spacecraft have either the same right ascension or the same ecliptic longitude, usually as observed from Earth.
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Constellation
A constellation is a group of stars that are considered to form imaginary outlines or meaningful patterns on the celestial sphere, typically representing animals, mythological people or gods, mythological creatures, or manufactured devices.
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Crux
Crux is a constellation located in the southern sky in a bright portion of the Milky Way.
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Culmination
In astronomy, the culmination of a planet, star, or constellation is its transit over an observer's meridian.
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D. Reidel
D.
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Daylight
Daylight, or the light of day, is the combination of all direct and indirect sunlight during the daytime.
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Declination
In astronomy, declination (abbreviated dec; symbol δ) is one of the two angles that locate a point on the celestial sphere in the equatorial coordinate system, the other being hour angle.
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Degree (angle)
A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually denoted by ° (the degree symbol), is a measurement of a plane angle, defined so that a full rotation is 360 degrees.
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Deneb
Deneb, also designated α Cygni (Latinised alpha Cygni, abbreviated Alpha Cyg, α Cyg), is the brightest star in the constellation of Cygnus.
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Didier Queloz
Didier Queloz (born February 23, 1966) is an astronomer with a prolific record in finding extrasolar planets in the Astrophysics Group of the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, and also at the University of Geneva.
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Double star
In observational astronomy, a double star or visual double is a pair of stars that appear close to each other in the sky as seen from Earth when viewed through an optical telescope.
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Durchmusterung
In astronomy, Durchmusterung or Bonner Durchmusterung (BD), is the comprehensive astrometric star catalogue of the whole sky, compiled by the Bonn Observatory (Germany) from 1859 to 1903.
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Ecliptic
The ecliptic is the circular path on the celestial sphere that the Sun follows over the course of a year; it is the basis of the ecliptic coordinate system.
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Ecliptic coordinate system
The ecliptic coordinate system is a celestial coordinate system commonly used for representing the apparent positions and orbits of Solar System objects.
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Edmond Halley
Edmond (or Edmund) Halley, FRS (–) was an English astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist.
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Einstein ring
In observational astronomy an Einstein ring, also known as an Einstein–Chwolson ring or Chwolson ring, is the deformation of the light from a source (such as a galaxy or star) into a ring through gravitational lensing of the source's light by an object with an extremely large mass (such as another galaxy or a black hole).
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Ellipse
In mathematics, an ellipse is a curve in a plane surrounding two focal points such that the sum of the distances to the two focal points is constant for every point on the curve.
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Ephemeris
In astronomy and celestial navigation, an ephemeris (plural: ephemerides) gives the positions of naturally occurring astronomical objects as well as artificial satellites in the sky at a given time or times.
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Epoch (astronomy)
In astronomy, an epoch is a moment in time used as a reference point for some time-varying astronomical quantity, such as the celestial coordinates or elliptical orbital elements of a celestial body, because these are subject to perturbations and vary with time.
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Epsilon Cassiopeiae
Epsilon Cassiopeiae (ε Cassiopeiae, abbreviated Eps Cas, ε Cas), also named Segin, is a star in the constellation of Cassiopeia.
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Epsilon Centauri
Epsilon Centauri (ε Cen, ε Centauri) is a star in the southern constellation of Centaurus.
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Equilateral triangle
In geometry, an equilateral triangle is a triangle in which all three sides are equal.
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Eridanus (constellation)
Eridanus is a constellation in the southern hemisphere.
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European Southern Observatory
The European Southern Observatory (ESO) is a 15-nation intergovernmental research organization for ground-based astronomy.
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Exoplanet
An exoplanet or extrasolar planet is a planet outside our solar system.
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Extraterrestrial life
Extraterrestrial life,Where "extraterrestrial" is derived from the Latin extra ("beyond", "not of") and terrestris ("of Earth", "belonging to Earth").
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First magnitude star
First magnitude stars are the brightest stars in the night sky, with a magnitude of -1, 0 and +1.
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Flare star
A flare star is a variable star that can undergo unpredictable dramatic increases in brightness for a few minutes.
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Friedrich Bessel
Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (22 July 1784 – 17 March 1846) was a German astronomer, mathematician, physicist and geodesist.
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Frost line (astrophysics)
In astronomy or planetary science, the frost line, also known as the snow line or ice line, is the particular distance in the solar nebula from the central protostar where it is cold enough for volatile compounds such as water, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide to condense into solid ice grains.
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G-Cloud
The G-Cloud (or G-Cloud complex) is an interstellar cloud located next to the Local Interstellar Cloud.
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Galactic plane
The galactic plane is the plane on which the majority of a disk-shaped galaxy's mass lies.
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Galveston, Texas
Galveston is a coastal resort city on Galveston Island and Pelican Island in the U.S. state of Texas.
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Gamma Cephei
Gamma Cephei (γ Cephei, abbreviated Gamma Cep, γ Cep) is a binary star system approximately 45 light-years away in the constellation of Cepheus.
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Gas giant
A gas giant is a giant planet composed mainly of hydrogen and helium.
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Gemini (constellation)
Gemini is one of the constellations of the zodiac.
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General Catalogue of Variable Stars
The General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) is a list of variable stars.
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Georgia State University
Georgia State University (commonly referred to as Georgia State, State, or GSU) is a public research university in downtown Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
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Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars
The Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars is a modern star catalogue of stars located within 25 parsecs (81.54 ly) of the Earth.
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Gyrochronology
Gyrochronology is a method for estimating the age of a low-mass star like the Sun from its rotation period.
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Heart Nebula
The Heart Nebula, IC 1805, Sharpless 2-190, lies some 7500 light years away from Earth and is located in the Perseus Arm of the Galaxy in the constellation Cassiopeia.
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Henry Draper Catalogue
The Henry Draper Catalogue (HD) is an astronomical star catalogue published between 1918 and 1924, giving spectroscopic classifications for 225,300 stars; it was later expanded by the Henry Draper Extension (HDE), published between 1925 and 1936, which gave classifications for 46,850 more stars, and by the Henry Draper Extension Charts (HDEC), published from 1937 to 1949 in the form of charts, which gave classifications for 86,933 more stars.
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Hermosillo
Hermosillo, formerly called Pitic (as Santísima Trinidad del Pitic and Presidio del Pitic), is a city located centrally in the northwestern Mexican state of Sonora.
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High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher
The High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) is a high-precision echelle planet finding spectrograph installed in 2002 on the ESO's 3.6m telescope at La Silla Observatory in Chile.
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Hipparchus
Hipparchus of Nicaea (Ἵππαρχος, Hipparkhos) was a Greek astronomer, geographer, and mathematician.
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Hipparcos
Hipparcos was a scientific satellite of the European Space Agency (ESA), launched in 1989 and operated until 1993.
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Horn (Chinese constellation)
The Horn mansion (角宿, pinyin: Jiǎo Xiù) is one of the Twenty-eight mansions of the Chinese constellations.
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Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation.
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Hydra (constellation)
Hydra is the largest of the 88 modern constellations, measuring 1303 square degrees.
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IAU Working Group on Star Names
The International Astronomical Union (IAU) established a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) in May 2016 to catalog and standardize proper names for stars for the international astronomical community.
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Indigenous Australians
Indigenous Australians are the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people of Australia, descended from groups that existed in Australia and surrounding islands prior to British colonisation.
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International Astronomical Union
The International Astronomical Union (IAU; Union astronomique internationale, UAI) is an international association of professional astronomers, at the PhD level and beyond, active in professional research and education in astronomy.
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Interplanetary dust cloud
The interplanetary dust cloud, or zodiacal cloud, consists of cosmic dust (small particles floating in outer space) that pervades the space between planets in the Solar System and other planetary systems.
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Interstellar travel
Interstellar travel is the term used for hypothetical crewed or uncrewed travel between stars or planetary systems.
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Jacobus Golius
Jacob Golius born Jacob van Gool (1596 – September 28, 1667) was an Orientalist and mathematician based at the University of Leiden in Netherlands.
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Jet Propulsion Laboratory
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is a federally funded research and development center and NASA field center in Pasadena, California, United States, with large portions of the campus in La Cañada Flintridge, California.
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Johannesburg
Johannesburg (also known as Jozi, Joburg and Egoli) is the largest city in South Africa and is one of the 50 largest urban areas in the world.
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John Herschel
Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet (7 March 1792 – 11 May 1871) was an English polymath, mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor, experimental photographer who invented the blueprint, and did botanical work.
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Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society
The Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society is a bimonthly open access peer-reviewed scientific journal of astronomy published by the Korean Astronomical Society.
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Lanzarote
Lanzarote is a Spanish island, the northernmost and easternmost of the autonomous Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean.
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Latin
Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Latinisation of names
Latinisation or Latinization is the practice of rendering a non-Latin name (or word) in a Latin style.
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Light curve
In astronomy, a light curve is a graph of light intensity of a celestial object or region, as a function of time.
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Light-year
The light-year is a unit of length used to express astronomical distances and measures about 9.5 trillion kilometres or 5.9 trillion miles.
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List of brightest stars
This is a list of the brightest naked eye stars to +2.50 magnitude, as determined by their maximum, total, or combined apparent visual magnitudes as seen from Earth.
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List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs
The following two lists include all the known stars and brown dwarfs that are within of the Sun, or were/will be within in the astronomically near past or future.
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Longman
Longman, commonly known as Pearson Longman, is a publishing company founded in London, England, in 1724 and is owned by Pearson PLC.
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Luhman 16
Luhman 16 (WISE 1049−5319, WISE J104915.57−531906.1) is a binary brown-dwarf system in the southern constellation Vela at a distance of approximately from the Sun.
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Luyten 726-8
Luyten 726-8, also known as Gliese 65, is a binary star system that is one of Earth's nearest neighbors, at about 8.7 light years from Earth in the constellation Cetus.
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Main sequence
In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appear on plots of stellar color versus brightness.
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Manuel John Johnson
Manuel John Johnson, FRS (23 May 1805 – 28 February 1859) was a British astronomer.
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Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.
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Mercury (planet)
Mercury is the smallest and innermost planet in the Solar System.
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Metallicity
In astronomy, metallicity is used to describe the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen or helium.
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Michel Mayor
Michel G.E. Mayor (born 12 January 1942, Lausanne) is a Swiss astrophysicist and professor emeritus at the University of Geneva's Department of Astronomy.
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Micrometer
A micrometer, sometimes known as a micrometer screw gauge, is a device incorporating a calibrated screw widely used for precise measurement of components in mechanical engineering and machining as well as most mechanical trades, along with other metrological instruments such as dial, vernier, and digital calipers.
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Milky Way
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System.
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Millennium
A millennium (plural millennia or, rarely, millenniums) is a period equal to 1000 years, also called kiloyears.
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Minute and second of arc
A minute of arc, arcminute (arcmin), arc minute, or minute arc is a unit of angular measurement equal to of one degree.
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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in astronomy and astrophysics.
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Moon
The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth and is Earth's only permanent natural satellite.
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NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.
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Nature (journal)
Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.
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Neptune
Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System.
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Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille
Abbé Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille, formerly sometimes spelled de la Caille, (15 March 1713 – 21 March 1762) was a French astronomer.
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NPR
National Public Radio (usually shortened to NPR, stylized as npr) is an American privately and publicly funded non-profit membership media organization based in Washington, D.C. It serves as a national syndicator to a network of over 1,000 public radio stations in the United States.
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Nuclear pulse propulsion
Nuclear pulse propulsion or external pulsed plasma propulsion, is a hypothetical method of spacecraft propulsion that uses nuclear explosions for thrust.
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Nutation
Nutation (from Latin nūtātiō, "nodding, swaying") is a rocking, swaying, or nodding motion in the axis of rotation of a largely axially symmetric object, such as a gyroscope, planet, or bullet in flight, or as an intended behavior of a mechanism.
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Ocala, Florida
Ocala is a city located in Marion County, Florida, which is part of the northern region of the state.
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Oort cloud
The Oort cloud, named after the Dutch astronomer Jan Oort, sometimes called the Öpik–Oort cloud, is a theoretical cloud of predominantly icy planetesimals proposed to surround the Sun at distances ranging from.
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Open cluster
An open cluster is a group of up to a few thousand stars that were formed from the same giant molecular cloud and have roughly the same age.
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Opposition (planets)
In positional astronomy, two astronomical objects are said to be in opposition when they are on opposite sides of the celestial sphere, as observed from a given body (usually Earth).
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Orbital eccentricity
The orbital eccentricity of an astronomical object is a parameter that determines the amount by which its orbit around another body deviates from a perfect circle.
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Orbital elements
Orbital elements are the parameters required to uniquely identify a specific orbit.
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Orbital period
The orbital period is the time a given astronomical object takes to complete one orbit around another object, and applies in astronomy usually to planets or asteroids orbiting the Sun, moons orbiting planets, exoplanets orbiting other stars, or binary stars.
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Orders of magnitude (length)
The following are examples of orders of magnitude for different lengths.
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Orion (constellation)
Orion is a prominent constellation located on the celestial equator and visible throughout the world.
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Parallax
Parallax is a displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight, and is measured by the angle or semi-angle of inclination between those two lines.
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Parsec
The parsec (symbol: pc) is a unit of length used to measure large distances to astronomical objects outside the Solar System.
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Penguin Books
Penguin Books is a British publishing house.
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Perspective (graphical)
Perspective (from perspicere "to see through") in the graphic arts is an approximate representation, generally on a flat surface (such as paper), of an image as it is seen by the eye.
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Photographic plate
Photographic plates preceded photographic film as a capture medium in photography.
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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities (energy transformation).
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Pluto
Pluto (minor planet designation: 134340 Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of bodies beyond Neptune.
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Pollux (star)
Pollux, also designated Beta Geminorum (β Geminorum, abbreviated Beta Gem, β Gem), is an orange-hued evolved giant star approximately 34 light-years from the Sun in the northern constellation of Gemini.
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Position angle
Position angle, usually abbreviated PA, is the convention for measuring angles on the sky in astronomy.
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Precession
Precession is a change in the orientation of the rotational axis of a rotating body.
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Procyon
Procyon, also designated Alpha Canis Minoris (α Canis Minoris, abbreviated Alpha CMi, α CMi), is the brightest star in the constellation of Canis Minor.
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Project Longshot
Project Longshot was a conceptual interstellar spacecraft design.
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Proper motion
Proper motion is the astronomical measure of the observed changes in the apparent places of stars or other celestial objects in the sky, as seen from the center of mass of the Solar System, compared to the abstract background of the more distant stars.
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Proxima Centauri
Proxima Centauri, or Alpha Centauri C, is a red dwarf, a small low-mass star, about from the Sun in the constellation of Centaurus.
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Proxima Centauri b
Proxima Centauri b (also called Proxima b or Alpha Centauri Cb) is an exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri, which is the closest star to the Sun and part of a triple star system.
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Ptolemy
Claudius Ptolemy (Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος, Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; Claudius Ptolemaeus) was a Greco-Roman mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology.
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Puducherry
Puducherry (literally New Town in Tamil), formerly known as Pondicherry, is a union territory of India.
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Radial velocity
The radial velocity of an object with respect to a given point is the rate of change of the distance between the object and the point.
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Red dwarf
A red dwarf (or M dwarf) is a small and relatively cool star on the main sequence, of M spectral type.
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Research Consortium On Nearby Stars
The REsearch Consortium On Nearby Stars (RECONS) is an international group of astronomers founded in 1994 to investigate the stars nearest to the Solar System - with a focus on those within 10 parsecs (32.6 light years), but as of 2012 stretching the horizon to 25 parsecs.
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Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica
The Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica (often RevMexAA or RMxAA) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of astronomy founded in 1974.
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Rigel
Rigel, also designated Beta Orionis (β Orionis, abbreviated Beta Ori, β Ori), is generally the seventh-brightest star in the night sky and the brightest star in the constellation of Orion—though periodically it is outshone within the constellation by the variable Betelgeuse.
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Right ascension
Right ascension (abbreviated RA; symbol) is the angular distance measured only eastward along the celestial equator from the Sun at the March equinox to the (hour circle of the) point above the earth in question.
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Robert Hues
Robert Hues (1553 – 24 May 1632) was an English mathematician and geographer.
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Robert Russell Newton
Robert Russell Newton, also R. R. Newton (July 7, 1918 – June 2, 1991) was an American physicist, astronomer, and historian of science.
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Robert T. A. Innes
Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes FRSE FRAS (10 November 1861 – 13 March 1933) was a Scottish astronomer best known for discovering Proxima Centauri in 1915, and numerous binary stars.
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Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope
The Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope, is the oldest continuously existing scientific institution in South Africa.
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Saint Helena
Saint Helena is a volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of Rio de Janeiro and 1,950 kilometres (1,210 mi) west of the Cunene River, which marks the border between Namibia and Angola in southwestern Africa.
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Saturn
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter.
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Scotland
Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.
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Semi-major and semi-minor axes
In geometry, the major axis of an ellipse is its longest diameter: a line segment that runs through the center and both foci, with ends at the widest points of the perimeter.
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Sirius
Sirius (a romanization of Greek Σείριος, Seirios,."glowing" or "scorching") is a star system and the brightest star in the Earth's night sky.
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Sky & Telescope
Sky & Telescope (S&T) is a monthly American magazine covering all aspects of amateur astronomy, including the following.
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Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog
The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog is an astrometric star catalogue.
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Solar sail
Solar sails (also called light sails or photon sails) are a proposed method of spacecraft propulsion using radiation pressure exerted by sunlight on large mirrors.
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Solar System
The Solar SystemCapitalization of the name varies.
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South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.
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Space Interferometry Mission
The Space Interferometry Mission, or SIM, also known as SIM Lite (formerly known as SIM PlanetQuest), was a planned space telescope proposed by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), in conjunction with contractor Northrop Grumman.
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Spectral line
A spectral line is a dark or bright line in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum, resulting from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies.
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Spectrograph
A spectrograph is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and records the signal using a camera.
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Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.
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Springer Science+Business Media
Springer Science+Business Media or Springer, part of Springer Nature since 2015, is a global publishing company that publishes books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.
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Standard Chinese
Standard Chinese, also known as Modern Standard Mandarin, Standard Mandarin, or simply Mandarin, is a standard variety of Chinese that is the sole official language of both China and Taiwan (de facto), and also one of the four official languages of Singapore.
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Star
A star is type of astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity.
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Star catalogue
A star catalogue (Commonwealth English) or star catalog (American English), is an astronomical catalogue that lists stars.
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Star system
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction.
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Stéphane Udry
Stéphane Udry (born 1961 in Sion, Switzerland) is an astronomer at the Geneva Observatory in Switzerland, whose current work is primarily the search for extra-solar planets.
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Stellar classification
In astronomy, stellar classification is the classification of stars based on their spectral characteristics.
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Stellar evolution
Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes over the course of time.
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Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis.
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Summer Triangle
The Summer Triangle is an astronomical asterism involving an imaginary triangle drawn on the northern hemisphere's celestial sphere, with its defining vertices at Altair, Deneb, and Vega, the brightest stars in the three constellations of Aquila, Cygnus, and Lyra, respectively.
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Sun
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.
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Terrestrial planet
A terrestrial planet, telluric planet, or rocky planet is a planet that is composed primarily of silicate rocks or metals.
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The Astronomical Journal
The Astronomical Journal (often abbreviated AJ in scientific papers and references) is a peer-reviewed monthly scientific journal owned by the American Astronomical Society and currently published by IOP Publishing.
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The Astrophysical Journal
The Astrophysical Journal, often abbreviated ApJ (pronounced "ap jay") in references and speech, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of astrophysics and astronomy, established in 1895 by American astronomers George Ellery Hale and James Edward Keeler.
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The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
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Thomas Henderson (astronomer)
Thomas Henderson FRSE FRS FRAS (28 December 1798 – 23 November 1844) was a Scottish astronomer and mathematician noted for being the first person to measure the distance to Alpha Centauri, the major component of the nearest stellar system to Earth, the first to determine the parallax of a fixed star, and for being the first Astronomer Royal for Scotland.
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Thomas Hyde
Thomas Hyde (29 June 1636 – 18 February 1703) was an English orientalist.
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Transit (astronomy)
In astronomy, a transit or astronomical transit is the phenomenon of at least one celestial body appearing to move across the face of another celestial body, hiding a small part of it, as seen by an observer at some particular vantage point.
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Union Observatory
Union Observatory also known as Johannesburg Observatory (078) is a defunct astronomical observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa that was operated between 1903 and 1971.
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United States Naval Observatory
The United States Naval Observatory (USNO) is one of the oldest scientific agencies in the United States, with a primary mission to produce Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) for the United States Navy and the United States Department of Defense.
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Universe Today
Universe Today (UT) is a popular North American-based non-commercial space and astronomy news website.
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University of California, Santa Cruz
The University of California, Santa Cruz (also known as UC Santa Cruz or UCSC), is a public research university and one of 10 campuses in the University of California system.
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Uranus
Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun.
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Ursa Minor
Ursa Minor (Latin: "Lesser Bear", contrasting with Ursa Major), also known as the Little Bear, is a constellation in the Northern Sky.
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Vanishing point
A vanishing point is a point on the image plane of a perspective drawing where the two-dimensional perspective projections (or drawings) of mutually parallel lines in three-dimensional space appear to converge.
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Vega
Vega, also designated Alpha Lyrae (α Lyrae, abbreviated Alpha Lyr or α Lyr), is the brightest star in the constellation of Lyra, the fifth-brightest star in the night sky, and the second-brightest star in the northern celestial hemisphere, after Arcturus.
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Vela (constellation)
Vela is a constellation in the southern sky.
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Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days.
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Very Large Telescope
The Very Large Telescope (VLT) is a telescope facility operated by the European Southern Observatory on Cerro Paranal in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile.
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Very-long-baseline interferometry
Very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a type of astronomical interferometry used in radio astronomy.
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Victoria (Australia)
Victoria (abbreviated as Vic) is a state in south-eastern Australia.
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Wergaia
Wergaia or Werrigia is an indigenous Australian language group in the Wimmera region of north-Western Victoria.
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William Stephen Finsen
William Stephen Finsen (28 July 1905 – 16 May 1979) was a South African astronomer.
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X-ray
X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.
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Year
A year is the orbital period of the Earth moving in its orbit around the Sun.
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29th parallel north
The 29th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 29 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
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29th parallel south
The 29th parallel south is a circle of latitude that is 29 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane.
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61 Cygni
61 Cygni Not to be confused with 16 Cygni, a more distant system containing two G-type stars harboring the gas giant planet 16 Cygni Bb.
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Redirects here:
A-Centauri, Albertus Alauda, Alf Cen, Alf Cen B b, Alf Cen Bb, Alpha (Centauri), Alpha Cen, Alpha Cen A, Alpha Cen B, Alpha Cenaturi, Alpha Centari, Alpha Centauri A, Alpha Centauri AB, Alpha Centauri B, Alpha Centauri Bc, Alpha Centauri System, Alpha Centauri system, Alpha Centurai, Alpha Centuri, Alpha centari, Alpha centauri, Alpha centauri system, Alpha centaury, Alpha centuri, Alpha-Centauri, Alpha1 Centauri, Alpha2 Centauri, CP -60deg5483, CP -60°5483, Centauri bb, Closest star system, GCTP 3309.00A, GCTP 3309.00B, GJ 559, Gliese 559, Gliese 559 A, Gliese 559 B, Gliese 559 bb, HD 12862, HD 128620, HIP 71681, HIP 71683, HR 5459, HR 5460, LHS 50, LHS 51, Rigel Centaurus, Rigel Kent, Rigel Kent A, Rigel Kent B, Rigel Kentaurus, Rigel Kentaurus A, Rigel Kentaurus B, Rigil Centaurus, Rigil Kent, Rigil Kentaurus, Rigil Kentaurus A, Rigil Kentaurus B, Rigilkent, Toliman, Toliman A, Toliman B, Α Cen, Α Cen A, Α Cen B, Α Centauri, Α Centauri A, Α Centauri B, Α centauri, Α-Centauri.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_Centauri
