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Ames Project

Index Ames Project

The Ames Project was a research and development project that was part of the larger Manhattan Project to build the first atomic bombs during World War II. [1]

135 relations: Actinide, Alloy, Ames Laboratory, Ames process, Ames, Iowa, Ankeny, Iowa, Apple Inc., Army-Navy "E" Award, Arthur Compton, Atomic Energy Act of 1946, Attack on Pearl Harbor, Belgian Congo, Beryllium, Beryllium fluoride, Beverly, Massachusetts, Bismuth, Bismuth phosphate process, Bloomfield, New Jersey, Boron, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Calcium, Calcium hydride, Calcium oxide, Calutron, Casting (metalworking), Cerium, Cerium(III) chloride, Chemistry, Chicago Pile-1, Clinton Engineer Works, Copper, Criticality (status), Crucible, Depleted uranium, Diethyl ether, DuPont, Edward Creutz, Eldorado Mine (Northwest Territories), Eldorado Mining and Refining, Enrico Fermi, Fissile material, Frank Spedding, Fritz Strassmann, Gaseous diffusion, Glenn T. Seaborg, Graphite, Great Bear Lake, Hanford Site, Harley A. Wilhelm, Herbert Newby McCoy, ..., Hydrogen chloride, Iowa State University, Isotope, Isotope separation, James Chadwick, James Franck, K-25, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lead chloride, Leslie Groves, Lime (material), Lise Meitner, Lorain, Ohio, Magnesium fluoride, Magnesium oxide, Major general (United States), Mallinckrodt, Manhattan Project, Metallurgical Laboratory, Metallurgy, Midwestern United States, Modulated neutron initiator, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Neutron, Neutron capture, Neutron cross section, Neutron poison, Neutron reflector, Nobel Prize, Northwest Territories, Nuclear chain reaction, Nuclear fission, Nuclear fission product, Nuclear reactor, Nuclear weapon, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, Office of Scientific and Technical Information, Office of Scientific Research and Development, Otto Hahn, Otto Robert Frisch, Periodic table, Physical Review, Plutonium, Port Hope, Ontario, Port Radium, Port Richmond, Staten Island, Potassium fluoride, Pressure vessel, Project Y, Pyrophoricity, Quarter (United States coin), Rare-earth element, Redox, Reducing agent, Sacrificial metal, Salt (chemistry), Sintering, Slag, Spectrochemistry, St. Louis, State Historical Society of Iowa, Staten Island, Technology and Culture, The Making of the Atomic Bomb, Thorium, Union Carbide, United States Army Corps of Engineers, United States Atomic Energy Commission, United States Department of Energy national laboratories, University of Chicago, University of New Hampshire, Uranium, Uranium carbide, Uranium hexafluoride, Uranium hydride, Uranium oxide, Uranium tetrachloride, Uranium tetrafluoride, Uranium-233, Uranyl nitrate, Watt, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, World War II, X-10 Graphite Reactor, Zinc chloride. Expand index (85 more) »

Actinide

The actinide or actinoid (IUPAC nomenclature) series encompasses the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers from 89 to 103, actinium through lawrencium.

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Alloy

An alloy is a combination of metals or of a metal and another element.

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Ames Laboratory

Ames Laboratory is a United States Department of Energy national laboratory located in Ames, Iowa and affiliated with Iowa State University.

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Ames process

The Ames process is a process by which pure uranium metal is obtained.

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Ames, Iowa

Ames is a city located in the central part of Story County, Iowa, United States.

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Ankeny, Iowa

Ankeny is a city in Polk County, Iowa, United States and home to Des Moines Area Community College.

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Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.

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Army-Navy "E" Award

The Army-Navy "E" Award was an honor presented to companies during World War II whose production facilities achieved "Excellence in Production" ("E") of war equipment.

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Arthur Compton

Arthur Holly Compton (September 10, 1892 – March 15, 1962) was an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1927 for his 1923 discovery of the Compton effect, which demonstrated the particle nature of electromagnetic radiation.

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Atomic Energy Act of 1946

The Atomic Energy Act of 1946 (McMahon Act) determined how the United States would control and manage the nuclear technology it had jointly developed with its World War II allies, the United Kingdom and Canada.

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Attack on Pearl Harbor

The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory, on the morning of December 7, 1941.

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Belgian Congo

The Belgian Congo (Congo Belge,; Belgisch-Congo) was a Belgian colony in Central Africa between 1908 and 1960 in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

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Beryllium

Beryllium is a chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4.

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Beryllium fluoride

Beryllium fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula BeF2.

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Beverly, Massachusetts

Beverly is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, (MA) United States.

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Bismuth

Bismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83.

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Bismuth phosphate process

The bismuth-phosphate process was used to extract plutonium from irradiated uranium taken from nuclear reactors.

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Bloomfield, New Jersey

Bloomfield is a township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States.

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Boron

Boron is a chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5.

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Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is a nontechnical academic journal, published by Taylor and Francis that covers global security and public policy issues related to the dangers posed by nuclear threats, weapons of mass destruction, climate change, and emerging technologies and biological hazards.

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Calcium

Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

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Calcium hydride

Calcium hydride is the chemical compound with the formula CaH2, and is therefore an alkaline earth hydride.

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Calcium oxide

Calcium oxide (CaO), commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime, is a widely used chemical compound.

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Calutron

A calutron is a mass spectrometer originally designed and used for separating the isotopes of uranium.

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Casting (metalworking)

In metalworking and jewellery making, casting is a process in which a liquid metal is somehow delivered into a mold (it is usually delivered by a crucible) that contains a hollow shape (i.e., a 3-dimensional negative image) of the intended shape.

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Cerium

Cerium is a chemical element with symbol Ce and atomic number 58.

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Cerium(III) chloride

Cerium(III) chloride (CeCl3), also known as cerous chloride or cerium trichloride, is a compound of cerium and chlorine.

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Chemistry

Chemistry is the scientific discipline involved with compounds composed of atoms, i.e. elements, and molecules, i.e. combinations of atoms: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other compounds.

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Chicago Pile-1

Chicago Pile-1 (CP-1) was the world's first nuclear reactor.

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Clinton Engineer Works

The Clinton Engineer Works (CEW) was the production installation of the Manhattan Project that during World War II produced the enriched uranium used in the 1945 bombing of Hiroshima, as well as the first examples of reactor-produced plutonium.

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Copper

Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.

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Criticality (status)

Criticality, is the state of a nuclear chain reacting medium when the chain reaction is just self-sustaining (or critical), that is, when the reactivity is zero.

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Crucible

A crucible is a container that can withstand very high temperatures and is used for metal, glass, and pigment production as well as a number of modern laboratory processes.

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Depleted uranium

Depleted uranium (DU; also referred to in the past as Q-metal, depletalloy or D-38) is uranium with a lower content of the fissile isotope U-235 than natural uranium.

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Diethyl ether

Diethyl ether, or simply ether, is an organic compound in the ether class with the formula, sometimes abbreviated as (see Pseudoelement symbols).

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DuPont

E.

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Edward Creutz

Edward Creutz (January 23, 1913 – June 27, 2009) was an American physicist who worked on the Manhattan Project at the Metallurgical Laboratory and the Los Alamos Laboratory during World War II.

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Eldorado Mine (Northwest Territories)

Eldorado Mine is located at Port Radium, Northwest Territories, Canada.

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Eldorado Mining and Refining

The Eldorado Mining and Refining Limited company was originally organized in 1927 as Eldorado Gold Mines Limited to develop a gold mine in Manitoba.

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Enrico Fermi

Enrico Fermi (29 September 1901 – 28 November 1954) was an Italian-American physicist and the creator of the world's first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1.

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Fissile material

In nuclear engineering, fissile material is material capable of sustaining a nuclear fission chain reaction.

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Frank Spedding

Frank Harold Spedding (22 October 1902 – 15 December 1984) was a Canadian American chemist.

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Fritz Strassmann

Friedrich Wilhelm "Fritz" Strassmann (Straßmann; 22 February 1902 – 22 April 1980) was a German chemist who, with Otto Hahn in early 1939, identified barium in the residue after bombarding uranium with neutrons, results which, when confirmed, demonstrated the previously unknown phenomenon of nuclear fission.

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Gaseous diffusion

Gaseous diffusion is a technology used to produce enriched uranium by forcing gaseous uranium hexafluoride (UF6) through semipermeable membranes.

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Glenn T. Seaborg

Glenn Theodore Seaborg (April 19, 1912February 25, 1999) was an American chemist whose involvement in the synthesis, discovery and investigation of ten transuranium elements earned him a share of the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

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Graphite

Graphite, archaically referred to as plumbago, is a crystalline allotrope of carbon, a semimetal, a native element mineral, and a form of coal.

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Great Bear Lake

The Great Bear Lake (Slavey: Sahtú; Grand lac de l'Ours) is the largest lake entirely in Canada (Lake Superior and Lake Huron straddling the Canada–US border are larger), the fourth largest in North America, and the eighth largest in the world.

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Hanford Site

The Hanford Site is a decommissioned nuclear production complex operated by the United States federal government on the Columbia River in the U.S. state of Washington.

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Harley A. Wilhelm

Harley A. Wilhelm (August 5, 1900 – October 7, 1995) was an American chemist who helped to establish the United States Department of Energy's Ames Laboratory at Iowa State University.

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Herbert Newby McCoy

Herbert Newby McCoy (June 29, 1870 – May 7, 1945) was an American chemist who taught at the University of Chicago and the University of Utah and was the vice-president of Lindsay Light & Chemical Company.

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Hydrogen chloride

The compound hydrogen chloride has the chemical formula and as such is a hydrogen halide.

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Iowa State University

Iowa State University of Science and Technology, generally referred to as Iowa State, is a public flagship land-grant and space-grant research university located in Ames, Iowa, United States.

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Isotope

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number.

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Isotope separation

Isotope separation is the process of concentrating specific isotopes of a chemical element by removing other isotopes.

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James Chadwick

Sir James Chadwick, (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was an English physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932.

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James Franck

James Franck (26 August 1882 – 21 May 1964) was a German physicist who won the 1925 Nobel Prize for Physics with Gustav Hertz "for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom".

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K-25

K-25 was the codename given by the Manhattan Project to the program to produce enriched uranium for atomic bombs using the gaseous diffusion method.

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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), commonly referred to as Berkeley Lab, is a United States national laboratory located in the Berkeley Hills near Berkeley, California that conducts scientific research on behalf of the United States Department of Energy (DOE).

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Lead chloride

Lead chloride may refer to.

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Leslie Groves

Lieutenant General Leslie Richard Groves Jr. (17 August 1896 – 13 July 1970) was a United States Army Corps of Engineers officer who oversaw the construction of the Pentagon and directed the Manhattan Project, a top secret research project that developed the atomic bomb during World War II.

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Lime (material)

Lime is a calcium-containing inorganic mineral in which oxides, and hydroxides predominate.

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Lise Meitner

Lise Meitner (7 November 1878 – 27 October 1968) was an Austrian-Swedish physicist who worked on radioactivity and nuclear physics.

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Lorain, Ohio

Lorain is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States.

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Magnesium fluoride

Magnesium fluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula MgF2.

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Magnesium oxide

Magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide).

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Major general (United States)

In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, and United States Air Force, major general is a two-star general-officer rank, with the pay grade of O-8.

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Mallinckrodt

Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, based in Staines-upon-Thames, England, with its U.S. headquarters in St. Louis, Missouri, produces specialty pharmaceutical products, including generic drugs and imaging agents.

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Manhattan Project

The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.

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Metallurgical Laboratory

The Metallurgical Laboratory (or Met Lab) was a scientific laboratory at the University of Chicago that was established in February 1942 to study and use the newly discovered chemical element plutonium.

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Metallurgy

Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys.

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Midwestern United States

The Midwestern United States, also referred to as the American Midwest, Middle West, or simply the Midwest, is one of four census regions of the United States Census Bureau (also known as "Region 2").

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Modulated neutron initiator

A modulated neutron initiator is a neutron source capable of producing a burst of neutrons on activation.

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National Institute of Standards and Technology

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is one of the oldest physical science laboratories in the United States.

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Neutron

| magnetic_moment.

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Neutron capture

Neutron capture is a nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus and one or more neutrons collide and merge to form a heavier nucleus.

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Neutron cross section

In nuclear and particle physics, the concept of a neutron cross section is used to express the likelihood of interaction between an incident neutron and a target nucleus.

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Neutron poison

In applications such as nuclear reactors, a neutron poison (also called a neutron absorber or a nuclear poison) is a substance with a large neutron absorption cross-section.

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Neutron reflector

A neutron reflector is any material that reflects neutrons.

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Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize (Swedish definite form, singular: Nobelpriset; Nobelprisen) is a set of six annual international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, or scientific advances.

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Northwest Territories

The Northwest Territories (NT or NWT; French: les Territoires du Nord-Ouest, TNO; Athabaskan languages: Denendeh; Inuinnaqtun: Nunatsiaq; Inuktitut: ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᖅ) is a federal territory of Canada.

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Nuclear chain reaction

A nuclear chain reaction occurs when one single nuclear reaction causes an average of one or more subsequent nuclear reactions, thus leading to the possibility of a self-propagating series of these reactions.

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Nuclear fission

In nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry, nuclear fission is either a nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts (lighter nuclei).

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Nuclear fission product

Nuclear fission products are the atomic fragments left after a large atomic nucleus undergoes nuclear fission.

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Nuclear reactor

A nuclear reactor, formerly known as an atomic pile, is a device used to initiate and control a self-sustained nuclear chain reaction.

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Nuclear weapon

A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or from a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb).

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Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Oak Ridge is a city in Anderson and Roane counties in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Tennessee, about west of Knoxville.

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Office of Scientific and Technical Information

The Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) is a component of the Office of Science within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).

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Office of Scientific Research and Development

The Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) was an agency of the United States federal government created to coordinate scientific research for military purposes during World War II.

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Otto Hahn

Otto Hahn, (8 March 1879 – 28 July 1968) was a German chemist and pioneer in the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry.

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Otto Robert Frisch

Otto Robert Frisch FRS (1 October 1904 – 22 September 1979) was an Austrian-British physicist.

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Periodic table

The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties, whose structure shows periodic trends.

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Physical Review

Physical Review is an American peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1893 by Edward Nichols.

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Plutonium

Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Pu and atomic number 94.

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Port Hope, Ontario

Port Hope is a municipality in Southern Ontario, Canada, about east of Toronto and about west of Kingston.

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Port Radium

Port Radium is a mining area on the eastern shore of Great Bear Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada.

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Port Richmond, Staten Island

Port Richmond is a neighborhood situated on the North Shore of Staten Island, a borough of New York City.

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Potassium fluoride

Potassium fluoride is the chemical compound with the formula KF.

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Pressure vessel

A pressure vessel is a container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure.

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Project Y

The Los Alamos Laboratory, also known as Project Y, was a secret laboratory established by the Manhattan Project and operated by the University of California during World War II.

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Pyrophoricity

A pyrophoric substance (from Greek πυροφόρος, pyrophoros, "fire-bearing") ignites spontaneously in air at or below 55 °C (130 °F).

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Quarter (United States coin)

The quarter, short for quarter dollar, is a United States coin worth 25 cents, one-fourth of a dollar.

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Rare-earth element

A rare-earth element (REE) or rare-earth metal (REM), as defined by IUPAC, is one of a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides, as well as scandium and yttrium.

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Redox

Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.

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Reducing agent

A reducing agent (also called a reductant or reducer) is an element (such as calcium) or compound that loses (or "donates") an electron to another chemical species in a redox chemical reaction.

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Sacrificial metal

A sacrificial metal is a metal used as a sacrificial anode in cathodic protection that corrodes to prevent a primary metal from corrosion, galvanization or rusting.

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Salt (chemistry)

In chemistry, a salt is an ionic compound that can be formed by the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base.

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Sintering

Clinker nodules produced by sintering Sintering is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by heat or pressure without melting it to the point of liquefaction.

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Slag

Slag is the glass-like by-product left over after a desired metal has been separated (i.e., smelted) from its raw ore.

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Spectrochemistry

Spectrochemistry is the application of spectroscopy in any of several fields of chemistry.

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St. Louis

St.

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State Historical Society of Iowa

The State Historical Society of Iowa (SHSI), a division of the, serves as the official historical repository for the State of Iowa and also provides grants, public education, and outreach about Iowa history and archaeology.

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Staten Island

Staten Island is the southernmost and westernmost of the five boroughs of New York City in the U.S. state of New York.

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Technology and Culture

Technology and Culture is a quarterly academic journal founded in 1959.

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The Making of the Atomic Bomb

The Making of the Atomic Bomb is a contemporary history book written by the American journalist and historian Richard Rhodes, first published by Simon & Schuster in 1987.

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Thorium

Thorium is a weakly radioactive metallic chemical element with symbol Th and atomic number 90.

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Union Carbide

Union Carbide Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary (since 2001) of Dow Chemical Company.

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United States Army Corps of Engineers

The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is a U.S. federal agency under the Department of Defense and a major Army command made up of some 37,000 civilian and military personnel, making it one of the world's largest public engineering, design, and construction management agencies.

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United States Atomic Energy Commission

The United States Atomic Energy Commission, commonly known as the AEC, was an agency of the United States government established after World War II by U.S. Congress to foster and control the peacetime development of atomic science and technology.

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United States Department of Energy national laboratories

The United States Department of Energy National Laboratories and Technology Centers are a system of facilities and laboratories overseen by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) for the purpose of advancing science and technology to fulfill the DOE mission.

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University of Chicago

The University of Chicago (UChicago, U of C, or Chicago) is a private, non-profit research university in Chicago, Illinois.

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University of New Hampshire

The University of New Hampshire (UNH) is a public research university in the University System of New Hampshire, in the United States.

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Uranium

Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92.

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Uranium carbide

Uranium carbide, a carbide of uranium, is a hard refractory ceramic material.

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Uranium hexafluoride

Uranium hexafluoride, referred to as "hex" in the nuclear industry, is a compound used in the uranium enrichment process that produces fuel for nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons.

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Uranium hydride

Uranium hydride, also called uranium trihydride (UH3), is an inorganic compound and a hydride of uranium.

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Uranium oxide

Uranium oxide is an oxide of the element uranium.

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Uranium tetrachloride

Uranium tetrachloride (UCl4) is compound of uranium in oxidation state +4.

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Uranium tetrafluoride

Uranium tetrafluoride (UF4) is a green crystalline solid compound of uranium with an insignificant vapor pressure and very slight solubility in water.

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Uranium-233

Uranium-233 is a fissile isotope of uranium that is bred from thorium-232 as part of the thorium fuel cycle.

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Uranyl nitrate

Uranyl nitrate (UO2(NO3)2) is a water soluble yellow uranium salt.

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Watt

The watt (symbol: W) is a unit of power.

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Westinghouse Electric Corporation

The Westinghouse Electric Corporation was an American manufacturing company.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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X-10 Graphite Reactor

The X-10 Graphite Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, formerly known as the Clinton Pile and X-10 Pile, was the world's second artificial nuclear reactor (after Enrico Fermi's Chicago Pile-1), and the first designed and built for continuous operation.

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Zinc chloride

Zinc chloride is the name of chemical compounds with the formula ZnCl2 and its hydrates.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ames_Project

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