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Armillaria gallica

Index Armillaria gallica

Armillaria gallica (synonymous with A. bulbosa and A. lutea) is a species of honey mushroom in the family Physalacriaceae of the order Agaricales. [1]

164 relations: Abies concolor, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes, Amplified fragment length polymorphism, Annulus (mycology), Armillaria, Armillaria calvescens, Armillaria cepistipes, Armillaria gemina, Armillaria mellea, Armillaria nabsnona, Armillaria ostoyae, Armillaria sinapina, Armillaria tabescens, Aryl, Basidiocarp, Basidiomycota, Basidiospore, Basidium, Binomial nomenclature, Biological life cycle, Bioluminescence, Blue whale, Botanical name, British Columbia, Butt rot, Camembert, Cell nucleus, Clamp connection, Claude Casimir Gillet, Clonal colony, Clone (cell biology), Colony (biology), Common name, Compiègne, Continental climate, Coppicing, Crystal Falls, Michigan, Cyclobutane, Cystidium, Daylily, Dikaryon, Douglas fir, Edible mushroom, Entoloma abortivum, Ester, Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1, Extremely low frequency, Field research, Fractal, ..., Fungus, Gene, Genetic diversity, Genetic isolate, Genome, Geology of the Massif Central, Graph theory, Great Lakes, Hectare, Henri Romagnesi, Heterotroph, Host (biology), Hymenium, Hypha, Index Fungorum, Introduced species, Josef Velenovský, Kari Korhonen (biologist), Karyogamy, Klamath National Forest, Lamella (mycology), Largest organisms, Late Night with David Letterman, Late Show Top Ten List, Latin, Lineage (evolution), List of Armillaria species, List of bioluminescent fungus species, Luciferase, Luciferin, Massachusetts, Mating type, Meiosis, Metabolite, Michigan, Micrometre, Mitochondrial DNA, Mitosis, Molecular biology, Molecular genetics, Morphology (biology), Mosaic (genetics), Mutation rate, Mycelial cord, Mycelium, MycoBank, Mycologia, Natural product, Nature (journal), Network theory, Nomen dubium, Nucleic acid sequence, Oak, Organic matter, Ozarks, Pacific Northwest, Parasitism, Partial veil, Petri dish, Phylogenetics, Physalacriaceae, Pigment, Pileipellis, Pileus (mycology), Plant community, Plant pathology, Pleomorphism (microbiology), Ploidy, Population genetics, Principle of Priority, Quercus lobata, RAPD, Rías Baixas (DO), Redox, Restriction fragment, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, Ribosomal DNA, Riparian zone, Rocky Mountains, Root rot, Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte, Saprotrophic nutrition, Sequoiadendron giganteum, Serbia, Soil life, Soil pH, South Carolina, Species complex, Spore, Spore print, Stem cell, Stipe (mycology), Synonym (taxonomy), Taxonomy (biology), Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest, Temperate climate, Terpenoid, Transect, Trichoderma, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, Type (biology), Type species, U-Haul, Upper Peninsula of Michigan, Vaccinium corymbosum, Variety (botany), Vegetative reproduction, Vitis, Water scarcity, Waterlogging (agriculture), Western Cape, Wisconsin, Wood-decay fungus. Expand index (114 more) »

Abies concolor

Abies concolor, the white fir, is a coniferous tree in the pine family Pinaceae.

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Agaricales

The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills) or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of mushrooms.

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Agaricomycetes

The Agaricomycetes are a class of fungi in the division Basidiomycota.

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Amplified fragment length polymorphism

AFLP-PCR or just AFLP is a PCR-based tool used in genetics research, DNA fingerprinting, and in the practice of genetic engineering.

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Annulus (mycology)

An annulus is the ring-like structure sometimes found on the stipe of some species of mushrooms.

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Armillaria

Armillaria, is a genus of parasitic fungi that includes the A. mellea species known as honey fungi that live on trees and woody shrubs.

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Armillaria calvescens

Armillaria calvescens is a species of mushroom in the family Physalacriaceae.

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Armillaria cepistipes

Armillaria cepistipes is a species of mushroom in the family Physalacriaceae.

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Armillaria gemina

Armillaria gemina is a species of mushroom in the family Physalacriaceae.

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Armillaria mellea

Armillaria mellea, commonly known as honey fungus, is a basidiomycete fungus in the genus Armillaria.

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Armillaria nabsnona

Armillaria nabsnona is a species of fungus in the family Physalacriaceae.

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Armillaria ostoyae

Armillaria ostoyae (sometimes called Armillaria solidipes) is a species of plant pathogenic fungus in the Physalacriaceae family.

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Armillaria sinapina

Armillaria sinapina is a species of mushroom in the family Physalacriaceae.

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Armillaria tabescens

Armillaria tabescens is a species of fungus in the family Physalacriaceae.

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Aryl

In the context of organic molecules, aryl is any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic ring, usually an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as phenyl and naphthyl.

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Basidiocarp

In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome or basidioma (plural: basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne.

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Basidiomycota

Basidiomycota is one of two large divisions that, together with the Ascomycota, constitute the subkingdom Dikarya (often referred to as the "higher fungi") within the kingdom Fungi.

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Basidiospore

A basidiospore is a reproductive spore produced by Basidiomycete fungi, a grouping that includes mushrooms, shelf fungi, rusts, and smuts.

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Basidium

Schematic showing a basidiomycete mushroom, gill structure, and spore-bearing basidia on the gill margins. A basidium (pl., basidia) is a microscopic sporangium (or spore-producing structure) found on the hymenophore of fruiting bodies of basidiomycete fungi which are also called tertiary mycellium, developed from secondary mycellium.

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Binomial nomenclature

Binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system") also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages.

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Biological life cycle

In biology, a biological life cycle (or just life cycle when the biological context is clear) is a series of changes in form that an organism undergoes, returning to the starting state.

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Bioluminescence

Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism.

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Blue whale

The blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) is a marine mammal belonging to the baleen whale parvorder, Mysticeti.

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Botanical name

A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and, if it concerns a plant cultigen, the additional cultivar or Group epithets must conform to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP).

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British Columbia

British Columbia (BC; Colombie-Britannique) is the westernmost province of Canada, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.

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Butt rot

Butt rot is a disease of plants, mostly trees, caused by fungi.

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Camembert

Camembert is a moist, soft, creamy, surface-ripened cow's milk cheese.

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Cell nucleus

In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells.

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Clamp connection

A clamp connection is a hook-like structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi.

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Claude Casimir Gillet

Claude Casimir Gillet (19 May 1806 in Dormans, department of Marne – 1 September 1896 in Alençon), was a French botanist and mycologist.

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Clonal colony

A clonal colony or genet is a group of genetically identical individuals, such as plants, fungi, or bacteria, that have grown in a given location, all originating vegetatively, not sexually, from a single ancestor.

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Clone (cell biology)

A clone is a group of identical cells that share a common ancestry, meaning they are derived from the same cell.

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Colony (biology)

In biology, a colony is composed of two or more conspecific individuals living in close association with, or connected to, one another.

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Common name

In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, trivial name, trivial epithet, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; this kind of name is often contrasted with the scientific name for the same organism, which is Latinized.

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Compiègne

Compiègne is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.

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Continental climate

Continental climates are defined in the Köppen climate classification as having the coldest month with the temperature never rising above 0.0° C (32°F) all month long.

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Coppicing

Coppicing is a traditional method of woodland management which exploits the capacity of many species of trees to put out new shoots from their stump or roots if cut down.

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Crystal Falls, Michigan

Crystal Falls is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan.

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Cyclobutane

Cyclobutane is a cycloalkane and organic compound with the formula (CH2)4.

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Cystidium

A cystidium (plural cystidia) is a relatively large cell found on the sporocarp of a basidiomycete (for example, on the surface of a mushroom gill), often between clusters of basidia.

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Daylily

A daylily is a flowering plant in the genus Hemerocallis.

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Dikaryon

The dikaryon is a nuclear feature which is unique to some fungi.

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Douglas fir

Pseudotsuga menziesii, commonly known as Douglas fir, Douglas-fir and Oregon pine, is an evergreen conifer species native to western North America.

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Edible mushroom

Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruit bodies of several species of macrofungi (fungi which bear fruiting structures that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye).

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Entoloma abortivum

Entoloma abortive, commonly known as the aborted entoloma or shrimp of the woods, is an edible mushroom in the Entolomataceae family of fungi.

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Ester

In chemistry, an ester is a chemical compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one –OH (hydroxyl) group is replaced by an –O–alkyl (alkoxy) group.

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Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1

Elongation factor 1-alpha 1 (eEF1a1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1A1 gene.

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Extremely low frequency

Extremely low frequency (ELF) is the ITU designation for electromagnetic radiation (radio waves) with frequencies from 3 to 30 Hz, and corresponding wavelengths of 100,000 to 10,000 kilometers, respectively.

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Field research

Field research or fieldwork is the collection of information outside a laboratory, library or workplace setting.

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Fractal

In mathematics, a fractal is an abstract object used to describe and simulate naturally occurring objects.

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Fungus

A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.

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Gene

In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.

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Genetic diversity

Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species.

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Genetic isolate

A genetic isolate is population of organisms that has little genetic mixing with other organisms within the same species.

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Genome

In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is the genetic material of an organism.

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Geology of the Massif Central

The Massif Central is one of the two large basement massifs in France, the other being the Armorican Massif.

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Graph theory

In mathematics, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects.

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Great Lakes

The Great Lakes (les Grands-Lacs), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River.

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Hectare

The hectare (SI symbol: ha) is an SI accepted metric system unit of area equal to a square with 100 meter sides, or 10,000 m2, and is primarily used in the measurement of land.

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Henri Romagnesi

Henri Charles Louis Romagnesi (7 February 1912 – 18 January 1999) was a French mycologist who was notable for a thorough review and monograph of the agaric genus Entoloma (or Rhodophyllus as it was known in the early 20th century), as well as extensive work on the large genus Russula, of which he described several new species.

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Heterotroph

A heterotroph (Ancient Greek ἕτερος héteros.

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Host (biology)

In biology and medicine, a host is an organism that harbours a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist guest (symbiont), the guest typically being provided with nourishment and shelter.

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Hymenium

The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores.

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Hypha

A hypha (plural hyphae, from Greek ὑφή, huphḗ, "web") is a long, branching filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium.

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Index Fungorum

Index Fungorum is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the Fungus Kingdom.

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Introduced species

An introduced species (alien species, exotic species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species) is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental.

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Josef Velenovský

Josef Velenovský (22 April 1858 – 7 May 1949) was a Czech botanist, mycologist, pteridologist, and bryologist.

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Kari Korhonen (biologist)

Kari Korhonen (born July 24, 1943, Sotkamo) is a Finnish mycologist and forest pathologist, known for his studies of fungi causing root rot.

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Karyogamy

Karyogamy is the final step in the process of fusing together two haploid eukaryotic cells, and refers specifically to the fusion of the two nuclei.

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Klamath National Forest

Klamath National Forest is a national forest, in the Klamath Mountains, located in Siskiyou County in northern California, but with a tiny extension (1.5 percent of the forest) into southern Jackson County in Oregon.

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Lamella (mycology)

A lamella, or gill, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of some mushroom species, most often but not always agarics.

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Largest organisms

The largest organisms found on Earth can be determined according to various aspects of an organism's size, such as: mass, volume, area, length, height, or even genome size.

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Late Night with David Letterman

Late Night with David Letterman is an American late-night talk show hosted by David Letterman.

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Late Show Top Ten List

The Top Ten List was a regular segment of the television programs Late Night with David Letterman and the Late Show with David Letterman. Each night, host David Letterman would present a list of ten items, compiled by his writing staff, that circulated around a common theme.

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Latin

Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Lineage (evolution)

An evolutionary lineage is a temporal series of organisms, populations, cells, or genes connected by a continuous line of descent from ancestor to descendent.

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List of Armillaria species

Armillaria is a genus of fungi commonly known as honey mushrooms.

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List of bioluminescent fungus species

Found largely in temperate and tropical climates, currently there are known more than 75 species of bioluminescent fungi, all of which are members of the order Agaricales (Basidiomycota) with one exceptional ascomycete belonging to the order Xylariales.

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Luciferase

Luciferase is a generic term for the class of oxidative enzymes that produce bioluminescence, and is usually distinguished from a photoprotein.

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Luciferin

Luciferin (from the Latin lucifer, "light-bringer") is a generic term for the light-emitting compound found in organisms that generate bioluminescence.

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Massachusetts

Massachusetts, officially known as the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Mating type

Mating types are molecular mechanisms that regulate compatibility in sexually reproducing eukaryotes.

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Meiosis

Meiosis (from Greek μείωσις, meiosis, which means lessening) is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four haploid cells, each genetically distinct from the parent cell that gave rise to them.

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Metabolite

A metabolite is the intermediate end product of metabolism.

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Michigan

Michigan is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States.

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Micrometre

The micrometre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American spelling), also commonly known as a micron, is an SI derived unit of length equaling (SI standard prefix "micro-".

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Mitochondrial DNA

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

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Mitosis

In cell biology, mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei.

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Molecular biology

Molecular biology is a branch of biology which concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell, including the interactions between DNA, RNA, proteins and their biosynthesis, as well as the regulation of these interactions.

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Molecular genetics

Molecular genetics is the field of biology that studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level and thus employs methods of both molecular biology and genetics.

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Morphology (biology)

Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.

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Mosaic (genetics)

In genetics, a mosaic, or mosaicism, involves the presence of two or more populations of cells with different genotypes in one individual, who has developed from a single fertilized egg.

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Mutation rate

In genetics, the mutation rate is the frequency of new mutations in a single gene or organism over time.

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Mycelial cord

Mycelial cords are linear aggregations of parallel-oriented hyphae.

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Mycelium

Fungal mycelium Mycelium is the vegetative part of a fungus or fungus-like bacterial colony, consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae.

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MycoBank

MycoBank is an online database, documenting new mycological names and combinations, eventually combined with descriptions and illustrations.

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Mycologia

Mycologia is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes papers on all aspects of the fungi, including lichens.

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Natural product

A natural product is a chemical compound or substance produced by a living organism—that is, found in nature.

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Nature (journal)

Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.

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Network theory

Network theory is the study of graphs as a representation of either symmetric relations or asymmetric relations between discrete objects.

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Nomen dubium

In zoological nomenclature, a nomen dubium (Latin for "doubtful name", plural nomina dubia) is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application.

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Nucleic acid sequence

A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of letters that indicate the order of nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule.

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Oak

An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus (Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae.

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Organic matter

Organic matter, organic material, or natural organic matter (NOM) refers to the large pool of carbon-based compounds found within natural and engineered, terrestrial and aquatic environments.

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Ozarks

The Ozarks, also referred to as the Ozark Mountains and Ozark Plateau, is a physiographic region in the U.S. states of Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Kansas.

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Pacific Northwest

The Pacific Northwest (PNW), sometimes referred to as Cascadia, is a geographic region in western North America bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and (loosely) by the Cascade Mountain Range on the east.

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Parasitism

In evolutionary biology, parasitism is a relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or in another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life.

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Partial veil

In mycology, a partial veil (also called an inner veil, to differentiate it from the "outer" veil, or velum) is a temporary structure of tissue found on the fruiting bodies of some basidiomycete fungi, typically agarics.

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Petri dish

A Petri dish (sometimes spelled "Petrie Dish" and alternatively known as a Petri plate or cell-culture dish), named after the German bacteriologist Julius Richard Petri, is a shallow cylindrical glass or plastic lidded dish that biologists use to culture cellssuch as bacteriaor small mosses.

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Phylogenetics

In biology, phylogenetics (Greek: φυλή, φῦλον – phylé, phylon.

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Physalacriaceae

The Physalacriaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales.

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Pigment

A pigment is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength-selective absorption.

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Pileipellis

The pileipellis is the uppermost layer of hyphae in the pileus of a fungal fruit body.

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Pileus (mycology)

The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.

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Plant community

A plant community (sometimes "phytocoenosis" or "phytocenosis") is a collection or association of plant species within a designated geographical unit, which forms a relatively uniform patch, distinguishable from neighboring patches of different vegetation types.

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Plant pathology

Plant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors).

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Pleomorphism (microbiology)

In microbiology, pleomorphism (from greek πλέω- more, and -μορφή form) is the ability of some micro-organisms to alter their shape or size in response to environmental conditions.

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Ploidy

Ploidy is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes.

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Population genetics

Population genetics is a subfield of genetics that deals with genetic differences within and between populations, and is a part of evolutionary biology.

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Principle of Priority

valid name. Priority is a fundamental principle of modern botanical nomenclature and zoological nomenclature.

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Quercus lobata

Quercus lobata, commonly called the valley oak or roble, grows into the largest of North American oaks.

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RAPD

RAPD (pronounced as "rapid") stands for 'Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA'.

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Rías Baixas (DO)

Rías Baixas is a Spanish Denominación de Origen (DO) (Denominación de Orixe in Galician) for wines located in the province of Pontevedra and the south of the province of Corunna in the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain.

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Redox

Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.

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Restriction fragment

A restriction fragment is a DNA fragment resulting from the cutting of a DNA strand by a restriction enzyme (restriction endonucleases), a process called restriction.

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Restriction fragment length polymorphism

In molecular biology, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) is a technique that exploits variations in homologous DNA sequences.

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Ribosomal DNA

Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is a DNA sequence that codes for ribosomal RNA.

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Riparian zone

A riparian zone or riparian area is the interface between land and a river or stream.

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Rocky Mountains

The Rocky Mountains, also known as the Rockies, are a major mountain range in western North America.

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Root rot

Root rot is a condition found in both indoor and outdoor plants, although more common in indoor plants with poor drainage.

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Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte

Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France.

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Saprotrophic nutrition

Saprotrophic nutrition or lysotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion involved in the processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter.

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Sequoiadendron giganteum

Sequoiadendron giganteum (giant sequoia; also known as giant redwood, Sierra redwood, Sierran redwood, Wellingtonia or simply Big Treea nickname used by John Muir) is the sole living species in the genus Sequoiadendron, and one of three species of coniferous trees known as redwoods, classified in the family Cupressaceae in the subfamily Sequoioideae, together with Sequoia sempervirens (coast redwood) and Metasequoia glyptostroboides (dawn redwood).

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Serbia

Serbia (Србија / Srbija),Pannonian Rusyn: Сербия; Szerbia; Albanian and Romanian: Serbia; Slovak and Czech: Srbsko,; Сърбия.

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Soil life

This table is a résumé of soil life,, Les Bases de la Production Végetal, tome I: Le Sol et son amélioration,, 2003 coherent with prevalent taxonomy as used in the linked Wikipedia articles.

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Soil pH

Soil pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a soil.

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South Carolina

South Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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Species complex

In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related species that are very similar in appearance to the point that the boundaries between them are often unclear.

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Spore

In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions.

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Spore print

Making a spore print of the mushroom ''Volvariella volvacea'' shown in composite: (photo lower half) mushroom cap laid on white and dark paper; (photo upper half) cap removed after 24 hours showing pinkish-tan spore print. A 3.5-centimeter glass slide placed in middle allows for examination of spore characteristics under a microscope. A printable chart to make a spore print and start identification The spore print is the powdery deposit obtained by allowing spores of a fungal fruit body to fall onto a surface underneath.

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Stem cell

Stem cells are biological cells that can differentiate into other types of cells and can divide to produce more of the same type of stem cells.

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Stipe (mycology)

In mycology, a stipe is the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom.

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Synonym (taxonomy)

In scientific nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name,''ICN'', "Glossary", entry for "synonym" although the term is used somewhat differently in the zoological code of nomenclature.

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Taxonomy (biology)

Taxonomy is the science of defining and naming groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics.

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Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest

Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest is a temperate climate terrestrial biome, with broadleaf tree ecoregions, and with conifer and broadleaf tree mixed coniferous forest ecoregions.

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Temperate climate

In geography, the temperate or tepid climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes, which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth.

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Terpenoid

The terpenoids, sometimes called isoprenoids, are a large and diverse class of naturally occurring organic chemicals derived from terpenes.

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Transect

A transect is a path along which one counts and records occurrences of the species of study (e.g. plants).

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Trichoderma

Trichoderma is a genus of fungi that is present in all soils, where they are the most prevalent culturable fungi.

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Trichoderma harzianum

Trichoderma harzianum is a fungus that is also used as a fungicide.

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Trichoderma viride

Trichoderma viride is a fungus and a biofungicide.

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Type (biology)

In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached.

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Type species

In zoological nomenclature, a type species (species typica) is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s).

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U-Haul

U-Haul is an American moving equipment and storage rental company, based in Phoenix, Arizona, that has been in operation since 1945.

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Upper Peninsula of Michigan

The Upper Peninsula (UP), also known as Upper Michigan, is the northern of the two major peninsulas that make up the U.S. state of Michigan.

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Vaccinium corymbosum

Vaccinium corymbosum, the northern highbush blueberry, is a North American species of blueberry which has become a food crop of significant economic importance.

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Variety (botany)

In botanical nomenclature, variety (abbreviated var.; in varietas) is a taxonomic rank below that of species and subspecies but above that of form.

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Vegetative reproduction

Vegetative reproduction (also known as vegetative propagation, vegetative multiplication or vegetative cloning) is any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or grows from a specialized reproductive structure.

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Vitis

Vitis (grapevines) is a genus of 79 accepted species of vining plants in the flowering plant family Vitaceae.

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Water scarcity

Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet water demand.

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Waterlogging (agriculture)

Waterlogging refers to the saturation of soil with water.

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Western Cape

The Western Cape (Wes-Kaap, Ntshona Koloni) is a province of South Africa, situated on the south-western coast of the country.

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Wisconsin

Wisconsin is a U.S. state located in the north-central United States, in the Midwest and Great Lakes regions.

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Wood-decay fungus

A wood-decay fungus is any species of fungus that digests moist wood, causing it to rot.

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Redirects here:

A. gallica, Armillaria bulbosa, Armillaria lutea.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armillaria_gallica

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