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141 relations: Abiogenesis, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Acetamide, Acetone, Acid, Alcohol, Aldehyde, Aliphatic compound, Amino acid, Anders Jonas Ångström, Aromaticity, Associated Press, Astronomical spectroscopy, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Atacama Large Millimeter Array, Athanasius Kircher, Atmosphere of Mars, Atom, Atomic and molecular astrophysics, Atomic emission spectroscopy, Balmer series, Big Bang, Bond dipole moment, C/2012 F6 (Lemmon), Carbon, Carbon monoxide, Charles Wheatstone, Chemical space, Chemical species, Chemistry, Chirality, Coma (cometary), Comet, Comet ISON, Cosmic dust, Cosmic ray, Cosmochemistry, Deuterium, Dipole, DNA, Dust, Electromagnetic spectrum, Emission spectrum, Exoplanet, Extraterrestrial atmosphere, Formaldehyde, Francesco Maria Grimaldi, Glycine, Glycolaldehyde, ..., Helium, History of spectroscopy, Hydrogen, Hydrogen cyanide, Hydrogen isocyanide, Hydrogen line, Hydrogenation, Hydroxylation, Ice, Infrared, International Astronomical Union, Interstellar cloud, Interstellar formaldehyde, Interstellar ice, Interstellar medium, Ion, Iron, Isotope, Jan Marek Marci, Johannes Rydberg, Joseph von Fraunhofer, Kerogen, Ketone, Léon Foucault, Lead, Life on Mars, Light, List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules, Meteorite, Methane, Methyl isocyanate, Molecular cloud, Molecule, NASA, NASA Infrared Telescope Facility, Nature (journal), New Zealand, Nuclear fusion, Nuclear physics, Nucleobase, Nucleocosmochronology, Nucleotide, Optical spectrometer, Organic compound, Oxygen, Oxygenate, PAH world hypothesis, Philae (spacecraft), Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Propionaldehyde, Propylene oxide, Protein, Proton, Protoplanetary disk, Protostar, Quantum mechanics, Radiation, Radical (chemistry), Radio astronomy, Radio wave, Red giant, RNA, Robert Boyle, Rotational spectroscopy, Rydberg formula, Science (journal), Science Daily, Silicate, Silicon, Solar System, Space.com, Spectroscopy, Spitzer Space Telescope, Star, Star formation, Stardust (spacecraft), Stellar evolution, Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, Telescope, Temperature, The Astrophysical Journal, Trihydrogen cation, Ultraviolet, Universe, University of Canterbury, University of Copenhagen, William Hyde Wollaston, Wired (magazine), Woodward–Hoffmann rules, 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. Expand index (91 more) »
Abiogenesis
Abiogenesis, or informally the origin of life,Compare: Also occasionally called biopoiesis.
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Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
In physics, absorption of electromagnetic radiation is the way in which the energy of a photon is taken up by matter, typically the electrons of an atom.
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Acetamide
Acetamide (systematic name: ethanamide) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CONH2.
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Acetone
Acetone (systematically named propanone) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CO.
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Acid
An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a hydron (proton or hydrogen ion H+), or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (a Lewis acid).
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Alcohol
In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a carbon.
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Aldehyde
An aldehyde or alkanal is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure −CHO, consisting of a carbonyl center (a carbon double-bonded to oxygen) with the carbon atom also bonded to hydrogen and to an R group, which is any generic alkyl or side chain.
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Aliphatic compound
In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons (compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds (G. aleiphar, fat, oil) also known as non-aromatic compounds.
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Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
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Anders Jonas Ångström
Anders Jonas Ångström (13 August 181421 June 1874) was a Swedish physicist and one of the founders of the science of spectroscopy.
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Aromaticity
In organic chemistry, the term aromaticity is used to describe a cyclic (ring-shaped), planar (flat) molecule with a ring of resonance bonds that exhibits more stability than other geometric or connective arrangements with the same set of atoms.
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Associated Press
The Associated Press (AP) is a U.S.-based not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.
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Astronomical spectroscopy
Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light and radio, which radiates from stars and other celestial objects.
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Astronomy
Astronomy (from ἀστρονομία) is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena.
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Astrophysics
Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that employs the principles of physics and chemistry "to ascertain the nature of the astronomical objects, rather than their positions or motions in space".
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Atacama Large Millimeter Array
The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is an astronomical interferometer of radio telescopes in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile.
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Athanasius Kircher
Athanasius Kircher, S.J. (sometimes erroneously spelled Kirchner; Athanasius Kircherus, 2 May 1602 – 28 November 1680) was a German Jesuit scholar and polymath who published around 40 major works, most notably in the fields of comparative religion, geology, and medicine.
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Atmosphere of Mars
The atmosphere of the planet Mars is composed mostly of carbon dioxide.
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Atom
An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.
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Atomic and molecular astrophysics
Atomic astrophysics is concerned with performing atomic physics calculations that will be useful to astronomers and using atomic data to interpret astronomical observations.
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Atomic emission spectroscopy
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is a method of chemical analysis that uses the intensity of light emitted from a flame, plasma, arc, or spark at a particular wavelength to determine the quantity of an element in a sample.
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Balmer series
The Balmer series or Balmer lines in atomic physics, is the designation of one of a set of six named series describing the spectral line emissions of the hydrogen atom.
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Big Bang
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution.
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Bond dipole moment
The bond dipole moment uses the idea of electric dipole moment to measure the polarity of a chemical bond within a molecule.
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C/2012 F6 (Lemmon)
C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) is a long-period comet discovered in Leo on 23 March 2012, by A. R. Gibbs using the 1.5-m reflector at the Mt. Lemmon Survey, located at the summit of Mount Lemmon in the Catalina Mountains north of Tucson, Arizona, USA.
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air.
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Charles Wheatstone
Sir Charles Wheatstone FRS (6 February 1802 – 19 October 1875), was an English scientist and inventor of many scientific breakthroughs of the Victorian era, including the English concertina, the stereoscope (a device for displaying three-dimensional images), and the Playfair cipher (an encryption technique).
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Chemical space
Chemical space is a concept in cheminformatics referring to the property space spanned by all possible molecules and chemical compounds adhering to a given set of construction principles and boundary conditions.
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Chemical species
A chemical species is a chemical substance or ensemble composed of chemically identical molecular entities that can explore the same set of molecular energy levels on a characteristic or delineated time scale.
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Chemistry
Chemistry is the scientific discipline involved with compounds composed of atoms, i.e. elements, and molecules, i.e. combinations of atoms: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other compounds.
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Chirality
Chirality is a property of asymmetry important in several branches of science.
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Coma (cometary)
The coma is the nebulous envelope around the nucleus of a comet, formed when the comet passes close to the Sun on its highly elliptical orbit; as the comet warms, parts of it sublime.
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Comet
A comet is an icy small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, warms and begins to release gases, a process called outgassing.
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Comet ISON
Comet ISON, formally known as C/2012 S1, was a sungrazing comet discovered on 21 September 2012 by Vitaly Nevsky (Виталий Невский, Vitebsk, Belarus) and Artyom Novichonok (Артём Новичонок, Kondopoga, Russia).
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Cosmic dust
Cosmic dust, also called extraterrestrial dust or space dust, is dust which exists in outer space, as well as all over planet Earth.
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Cosmic ray
Cosmic rays are high-energy radiation, mainly originating outside the Solar System and even from distant galaxies.
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Cosmochemistry
Cosmochemistry (from Greek κόσμος kósmos, "universe" and χημεία khemeía) or chemical cosmology is the study of the chemical composition of matter in the universe and the processes that led to those compositions.
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Deuterium
Deuterium (or hydrogen-2, symbol or, also known as heavy hydrogen) is one of two stable isotopes of hydrogen (the other being protium, or hydrogen-1).
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Dipole
In electromagnetism, there are two kinds of dipoles.
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
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Dust
Dust are fine particles of matter.
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Electromagnetic spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of frequencies (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies.
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Emission spectrum
The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to an atom or molecule making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state.
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Exoplanet
An exoplanet or extrasolar planet is a planet outside our solar system.
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Extraterrestrial atmosphere
The study of extraterrestrial atmospheres is an active field of research, both as an aspect of astronomy and to gain insight into Earth's atmosphere.
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Formaldehyde
No description.
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Francesco Maria Grimaldi
Francesco Maria Grimaldi (2 April 1618 – 28 December 1663) was an Italian Jesuit priest, mathematician and physicist who taught at the Jesuit college in Bologna.
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Glycine
Glycine (symbol Gly or G) is the amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain.
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Glycolaldehyde
Glycolaldehyde is the organic compound with the formula HOCH2-CHO.
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Helium
Helium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2.
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History of spectroscopy
The history of spectroscopy began in the 17th century.
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), sometimes called prussic acid, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula HCN.
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Hydrogen isocyanide
Hydrogen isocyanide is a chemical with the molecular formula HNC.
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Hydrogen line
The hydrogen line, 21-centimeter line or H I line refers to the electromagnetic radiation spectral line that is created by a change in the energy state of neutral hydrogen atoms.
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Hydrogenation
Hydrogenation – to treat with hydrogen – is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum.
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Hydroxylation
Hydroxylation is a chemical process that introduces a hydroxyl group (-OH) into an organic compound.
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Ice
Ice is water frozen into a solid state.
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Infrared
Infrared radiation (IR) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, and is therefore generally invisible to the human eye (although IR at wavelengths up to 1050 nm from specially pulsed lasers can be seen by humans under certain conditions). It is sometimes called infrared light.
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International Astronomical Union
The International Astronomical Union (IAU; Union astronomique internationale, UAI) is an international association of professional astronomers, at the PhD level and beyond, active in professional research and education in astronomy.
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Interstellar cloud
An interstellar cloud is generally an accumulation of gas, plasma, and dust in our and other galaxies.
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Interstellar formaldehyde
Interstellar formaldehyde (a topic relevant to astrochemistry) was first discovered in 1969 by L. Snyder et al. using the National Radio Astronomy Observatory.
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Interstellar ice
Interstellar ice consists of grains of volatiles in the ice phase that form in the interstellar medium.
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Interstellar medium
In astronomy, the interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
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Iron
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.
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Isotope
Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number.
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Jan Marek Marci
Jan Marek Marci FRS, Johannes Marcus Marci de Cronland (June 13, 1595, (Lanscron, Landeskrone, Cronland, Kronland, vertical-align|), Royal Bohemia, Bohemian Crownland, AustriaApril 10, 1667, Prague, R.Bohemia, Bohemian Crownland, Austria), or Johannes (Ioannes) Marcus Marci, was a Bohemian doctor and scientist, rector of the University of Prague, and official physician to the Holy Roman Emperors.
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Johannes Rydberg
Johannes (Janne) Robert Rydberg (8 November 1854 – 28 December 1919) was a Swedish physicist mainly known for devising the Rydberg formula, in 1888, which is used to describe the wavelengths of photons (of light and other electromagnetic radiation) emitted by changes in the energy level of an electron in a hydrogen atom.
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Joseph von Fraunhofer
Joseph Ritter von Fraunhofer (6 March 1787 – 7 June 1826) was a Bavarian physicist and optical lens manufacturer.
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Kerogen
Kerogen is a solid organic matter in sedimentary rocks.
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Ketone
In chemistry, a ketone (alkanone) is an organic compound with the structure RC(.
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Léon Foucault
Jean Bernard Léon Foucault (18 September 1819 – 11 February 1868) was a French physicist best known for his demonstration of the Foucault pendulum, a device demonstrating the effect of the Earth's rotation.
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Lead
Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
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Life on Mars
The possibility of life on Mars is a subject of significant interest to astrobiology due to its proximity and similarities to Earth.
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Light
Light is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules
This is a list of molecules that have been detected in the interstellar medium and circumstellar envelopes, grouped by the number of component atoms.
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Meteorite
A meteorite is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere to reach the surface of a planet or moon.
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Methane
Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen).
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Methyl isocyanate
Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3NCO.
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Molecular cloud
A molecular cloud, sometimes called a stellar nursery (if star formation is occurring within), is a type of interstellar cloud, the density and size of which permit the formation of molecules, most commonly molecular hydrogen (H2).
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Molecule
A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
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NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.
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NASA Infrared Telescope Facility
The NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (NASA IRTF) is a telescope optimized for use in infrared astronomy and located at the Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawaii.
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Nature (journal)
Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.
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New Zealand
New Zealand (Aotearoa) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
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Nuclear fusion
In nuclear physics, nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei come close enough to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons).
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Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions.
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Nucleobase
Nucleobases, also known as nitrogenous bases or often simply bases, are nitrogen-containing biological compounds that form nucleosides, which in turn are components of nucleotides, with all of these monomers constituting the basic building blocks of nucleic acids.
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Nucleocosmochronology
Nucleocosmochronology or nuclear cosmochronology is a technique used to determine timescales for astrophysical objects and events.
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Nucleotide
Nucleotides are organic molecules that serve as the monomer units for forming the nucleic acid polymers deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both of which are essential biomolecules within all life-forms on Earth.
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Optical spectrometer
An optical spectrometer (spectrophotometer, spectrograph or spectroscope) is an instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials.
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Organic compound
In chemistry, an organic compound is generally any chemical compound that contains carbon.
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Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.
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Oxygenate
Oxygenated chemical compounds contain oxygen as a part of their chemical structure.
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PAH world hypothesis
The PAH world hypothesis is a speculative hypothesis that proposes that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), known to be abundant in the universe, including in comets, and, as well, assumed to be abundant in the primordial soup of the early Earth, played a major role in the origin of life by mediating the synthesis of RNA molecules, leading into the RNA world.
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Philae (spacecraft)
Philae is a robotic European Space Agency lander that accompanied the ''Rosetta'' spacecraft until it separated to land on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, ten years and eight months after departing Earth.
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, also polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons) are hydrocarbons—organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen—that are composed of multiple aromatic rings (organic rings in which the electrons are delocalized).
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) is the official scientific journal of the National Academy of Sciences, published since 1915.
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Propionaldehyde
Propionaldehyde or propanal is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2CHO.
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Propylene oxide
Propylene oxide is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3CHCH2O.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Proton
| magnetic_moment.
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Protoplanetary disk
A protoplanetary disk is a rotating circumstellar disk of dense gas and dust surrounding a young newly formed star, a T Tauri star, or Herbig Ae/Be star.
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Protostar
A protostar is a very young star that is still gathering mass from its parent molecular cloud.
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Quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics (QM; also known as quantum physics, quantum theory, the wave mechanical model, or matrix mechanics), including quantum field theory, is a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles.
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Radiation
In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.
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Radical (chemistry)
In chemistry, a radical (more precisely, a free radical) is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired valence electron.
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Radio astronomy
Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies.
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Radio wave
Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light.
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Red giant
A red giant is a luminous giant star of low or intermediate mass (roughly 0.3–8 solar masses) in a late phase of stellar evolution.
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RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.
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Robert Boyle
Robert Boyle (25 January 1627 – 31 December 1691) was an Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, and inventor.
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Rotational spectroscopy
Rotational spectroscopy is concerned with the measurement of the energies of transitions between quantized rotational states of molecules in the gas phase.
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Rydberg formula
The Rydberg formula is used in atomic physics to describe the wavelengths of spectral lines of many chemical elements.
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Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
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Science Daily
Science Daily is an American website that aggregates press releases and publishes lightly edited press releases (a practice called churnalism) about science, similar to Phys.org and EurekAlert!.
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Silicate
In chemistry, a silicate is any member of a family of anions consisting of silicon and oxygen, usually with the general formula, where 0 ≤ x Silicate anions are often large polymeric molecules with an extense variety of structures, including chains and rings (as in polymeric metasilicate), double chains (as in, and sheets (as in. In geology and astronomy, the term silicate is used to mean silicate minerals, ionic solids with silicate anions; as well as rock types that consist predominantly of such minerals. In that context, the term also includes the non-ionic compound silicon dioxide (silica, quartz), which would correspond to x.
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Silicon
Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14.
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Solar System
The Solar SystemCapitalization of the name varies.
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Space.com
Space.com is a space and astronomy news website.
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Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.
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Spitzer Space Telescope
The Spitzer Space Telescope (SST), formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), is an infrared space telescope launched in 2003 and still operating as of 2018.
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Star
A star is type of astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity.
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Star formation
Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space, sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or "star-forming regions", collapse and form stars.
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Stardust (spacecraft)
Stardust was a 390 kilogram robotic space probe launched by NASA on 7 February 1999.
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Stellar evolution
Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes over the course of time.
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Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy
The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) is an 80/20 joint project of NASA and the German Aerospace Center (DLR) to construct and maintain an airborne observatory.
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Telescope
A telescope is an optical instrument that aids in the observation of remote objects by collecting electromagnetic radiation (such as visible light).
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Temperature
Temperature is a physical quantity expressing hot and cold.
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The Astrophysical Journal
The Astrophysical Journal, often abbreviated ApJ (pronounced "ap jay") in references and speech, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of astrophysics and astronomy, established in 1895 by American astronomers George Ellery Hale and James Edward Keeler.
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Trihydrogen cation
The trihydrogen cation, also known as protonated molecular hydrogen or, is one of the most abundant ions in the universe.
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Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.
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Universe
The Universe is all of space and time and their contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy.
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University of Canterbury
The University of Canterbury (Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha; postnominal abbreviation Cantuar. or Cant. for Cantuariensis, the Latin name for Canterbury) is New Zealand's second oldest university.
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University of Copenhagen
The University of Copenhagen (UCPH) (Københavns Universitet) is the oldest university and research institution in Denmark.
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William Hyde Wollaston
William Hyde Wollaston (6 August 1766 – 22 December 1828) was an English chemist and physicist who is famous for discovering the chemical elements palladium and rhodium.
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Wired (magazine)
Wired is a monthly American magazine, published in print and online editions, that focuses on how emerging technologies affect culture, the economy, and politics.
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Woodward–Hoffmann rules
The Woodward–Hoffmann rules (or the pericyclic selection rules), devised by Robert Burns Woodward and Roald Hoffmann, are a set of rules used to rationalize or predict certain aspects of the stereochemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions, an important class of reactions in organic chemistry.
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67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (abbreviated as 67P or 67P/C-G) is a Jupiter-family comet, originally from the Kuiper belt, with a current orbital period of 6.45 years, a rotation period of approximately 12.4 hours and a maximum velocity of.
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Redirects here:
Astrochemist, Interstellar chemistry.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrochemistry
