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91 relations: American National Standards Institute, Andy Hopper, Asymmetric digital subscriber line, Asynchronous communication, Asynchronous transfer mode, AT&T, ATM adaptation layer, ATM Forum, Bell Labs, Bit numbering, Broadband Forum, Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network, Byte, Call Admission Control, Cell Loss Priority, Chai Keong Toh, Circuit switching, Cisco Systems, Codec, Computer network, Connection-oriented communication, CRC-based framing, Data link connection identifier, Data link layer, Data transmission, Datagram, Digital Signal 1, Digital subscriber line, Dot-com bubble, Echo suppression and cancellation, Ethernet, Ethernet frame, Flow control (data), FORE Systems, Frame (networking), Frame Relay, Fujitsu, Generic cell rate algorithm, Integrated Services Digital Network, International Organization for Standardization, International Telecommunication Union, Internet Protocol, IS-IS, ITU-T, Jitter, Latency (engineering), Maximum transmission unit, Microsecond, NEC, Network congestion, ..., Network interface controller, Network layer, Network packet, Network-to-network interface, Next-generation network, Octet (computing), Open Shortest Path First, Operations, administration and management, Optical Carrier transmission rates, OSI model, Packet over SONET/SDH, Packet switching, Physical layer, Plesiochronous digital hierarchy, Point-to-Point Protocol, Private Network-to-Network Interface, Public switched telephone network, Quality of service, Queuing delay, Real-time computing, San Diego State University, Segmentation and Reassembly, Service data unit, Signaling (telecommunications), Synchronous optical networking, Telecommunication, Telephony, Time-division multiplexing, Traffic contract, Traffic policing (communications), Traffic shaping, University of Cambridge, UPC and NPC, User–network interface, Variable bitrate, VDSL, Video, Virtual circuit, Virtual LAN, VoATM, X.25. Expand index (41 more) »
American National Standards Institute
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is a private non-profit organization that oversees the development of voluntary consensus standards for products, services, processes, systems, and personnel in the United States.
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Andy Hopper
Andrew Hopper (born 1953) is Treasurer and Vice-President of the Royal Society, Professor of Computer Technology, Head of the University of Cambridge Department of Computer Science and Technology, an Honorary Fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge by Alan Macfarlane 22 May 2008 and serial entrepreneur.
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Asymmetric digital subscriber line
Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) is a type of digital subscriber line (DSL) technology, a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines than a conventional voiceband modem can provide.
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Asynchronous communication
In telecommunications, asynchronous communication is transmission of data, generally without the use of an external clock signal, where data can be transmitted intermittently rather than in a steady stream.
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Asynchronous transfer mode
Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is, according to the ATM Forum, "a telecommunications concept defined by ANSI and ITU (formerly CCITT) standards for carriage of a complete range of user traffic, including voice, data, and video signals".
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AT&T
AT&T Inc. is an American multinational conglomerate holding company headquartered at Whitacre Tower in Downtown Dallas, Texas.
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ATM adaptation layer
The use of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology and services creates the need for an adaptation layer in order to support information transfer protocols, which are not based on ATM.
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ATM Forum
The ATM Forum was founded in 1991 to be the industry consortium to promote Asynchronous Transfer Mode technology used in telecommunication networks; the founding president and chairman was Fred Sammartino of Sun Microsystems.
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Bell Labs
Nokia Bell Labs (formerly named AT&T Bell Laboratories, Bell Telephone Laboratories and Bell Labs) is an American research and scientific development company, owned by Finnish company Nokia.
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Bit numbering
In computing, bit numbering (or sometimes bit endianness) is the convention used to identify the bit positions in a binary number or a container for such a value.
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Broadband Forum
The Broadband Forum is a non-profit industry consortium dedicated to developing broadband network specifications.
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Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network
In the 1980s the telecommunications industry expected that digital services would follow much the same pattern as voice services did on the public switched telephone network, and conceived an end-to-end circuit switched services, known as Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN).
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Byte
The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits, representing a binary number.
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Call Admission Control
Call Admission Control (CAC) prevents oversubscription of VoIP networks.
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Cell Loss Priority
Cell Loss Priority (CLP) is a flag bit in the ATM cell header that determines the probability of a cell being discarded if the network becomes congested.
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Chai Keong Toh
Chai Keong "C.K." Toh is a Singapore-born computer scientist, engineer, professor, and chief technology officer.
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Circuit switching
Circuit switching is a method of implementing a telecommunications network in which two network nodes establish a dedicated communications channel (circuit) through the network before the nodes may communicate.
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Cisco Systems
Cisco Systems, Inc. is an American multinational technology conglomerate headquartered in San Jose, California, in the center of Silicon Valley, that develops, manufactures and sells networking hardware, telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services and products.
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Codec
A codec is a device or computer program for encoding or decoding a digital data stream or signal.
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Computer network
A computer network, or data network, is a digital telecommunications network which allows nodes to share resources.
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Connection-oriented communication
Connection-oriented communication is a network communication mode in telecommunications and computer networking, where a communication session or a semi-permanent connection is established before any useful data can be transferred, and where a stream of data is delivered in the same order as it was sent.
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CRC-based framing
CRC-based framing is a kind of frame synchronization used in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and other similar protocols.
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Data link connection identifier
A data link connection identifier (DLCI) is a Frame Relay 10-bit-wide link-local virtual circuit identifier used to assign frames to a specific PVC or SVC.
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Data link layer
The data link layer, or layer 2, is the second layer of the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking.
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Data transmission
Data transmission (also data communication or digital communications) is the transfer of data (a digital bitstream or a digitized analog signal) over a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communication channel.
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Datagram
A datagram is a basic transfer unit associated with a packet-switched network.
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Digital Signal 1
Digital Signal 1 (DS1, sometimes DS-1) is a T-carrier signaling scheme devised by Bell Labs.
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Digital subscriber line
Digital subscriber line (DSL; originally digital subscriber loop) is a family of technologies that are used to transmit digital data over telephone lines.
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Dot-com bubble
The dot-com bubble (also known as the dot-com boom, the dot-com crash, the Y2K crash, the Y2K bubble, the tech bubble, the Internet bubble, the dot-com collapse, and the information technology bubble) was a historic economic bubble and period of excessive speculation that occurred roughly from 1997 to 2001, a period of extreme growth in the usage and adaptation of the Internet.
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Echo suppression and cancellation
Echo suppression and echo cancellation are methods used in telephony to improve voice quality by preventing echo from being created or removing it after it is already present.
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Ethernet
Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN).
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Ethernet frame
A data unit on an Ethernet link transports an Ethernet frame as its payload.
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Flow control (data)
In data communications, flow control is the process of managing the rate of data transmission between two nodes to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver.
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FORE Systems
FORE Systems was a computer network switching equipment company based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Frame (networking)
A frame is a digital data transmission unit in computer networking and telecommunication.
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Frame Relay
Frame Relay is a standardized wide area network technology that specifies the physical and data link layers of digital telecommunications channels using a packet switching methodology.
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Fujitsu
is a Japanese multinational information technology equipment and services company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.
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Generic cell rate algorithm
The generic cell rate algorithm (GCRA) is a leaky bucket-type scheduling algorithm for the network scheduler that is used in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks.
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Integrated Services Digital Network
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a set of communication standards for simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the traditional circuits of the public switched telephone network.
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International Organization for Standardization
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.
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International Telecommunication Union
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU; Union Internationale des Télécommunications (UIT)), originally the International Telegraph Union (Union Télégraphique Internationale), is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies.
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Internet Protocol
The Internet Protocol (IP) is the principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries.
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IS-IS
Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) is a routing protocol designed to move information efficiently within a computer network, a group of physically connected computers or similar devices.
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ITU-T
The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is one of the three sectors (divisions or units) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU); it coordinates standards for telecommunications.
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Jitter
In electronics and telecommunications, jitter is the deviation from true periodicity of a presumably periodic signal, often in relation to a reference clock signal.
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Latency (engineering)
Latency is a time interval between the stimulation and response, or, from a more general point of view, a time delay between the cause and the effect of some physical change in the system being observed.
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Maximum transmission unit
In computer networking, the maximum transmission unit (MTU) is the size of the largest protocol data unit (PDU) that can be communicated in a single network layer transaction.
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Microsecond
A microsecond is an SI unit of time equal to one millionth (0.000001 or 10−6 or 1/1,000,000) of a second.
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NEC
is a Japanese multinational provider of information technology (IT) services and products, headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan.
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Network congestion
Network congestion in data networking and queueing theory is the reduced quality of service that occurs when a network node or link is carrying more data than it can handle.
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Network interface controller
A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter or physical network interface, and by similar terms) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.
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Network layer
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the network layer is layer 3.
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Network packet
A network packet is a formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched network.
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Network-to-network interface
In telecommunications, a network-to-network interface (NNI) is an interface that specifies signaling and management functions between two networks.
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Next-generation network
The next-generation network (NGN) is a body of key architectural changes in telecommunication core and access networks.
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Octet (computing)
The octet is a unit of digital information in computing and telecommunications that consists of eight bits.
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Open Shortest Path First
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol for Internet Protocol (IP) networks.
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Operations, administration and management
Operations, administration and management or operations, administration and maintenance (OA&M or OAM) are the processes, activities, tools, and standards involved with operating, administering, managing and maintaining any system.
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Optical Carrier transmission rates
Optical Carrier transmission rates are a standardized set of specifications of transmission bandwidth for digital signals that can be carried on Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET) fiber optic networks.
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OSI model
The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology.
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Packet over SONET/SDH
Packet over SONET/SDH, abbreviated POS, is a communications protocol for transmitting packets in the form of the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) over SDH or SONET, which are both standard protocols for communicating digital information using lasers or light emitting diodes (LEDs) over optical fibre at high line rates.
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Packet switching
Packet switching is a method of grouping data which is transmitted over a digital network into packets which are made of a header and a payload.
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Physical layer
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer.
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Plesiochronous digital hierarchy
The plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH) is a technology used in telecommunications networks to transport large quantities of data over digital transport equipment such as fibre optic and microwave radio systems.
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Point-to-Point Protocol
In computer networking, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a data link layer (layer 2) communications protocol used to establish a direct connection between two nodes.
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Private Network-to-Network Interface
The Private Network-to-Network Interface (PNNI) is a link-state routing protocol used in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks.
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Public switched telephone network
The public switched telephone network (PSTN) is the aggregate of the world's circuit-switched telephone networks that are operated by national, regional, or local telephony operators, providing infrastructure and services for public telecommunication.
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Quality of service
Quality of service (QoS) is the description or measurement of the overall performance of a service, such as a telephony or computer network or a cloud computing service, particularly the performance seen by the users of the network.
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Queuing delay
In telecommunication and computer engineering, the queuing delay or queueing delay is the time a job waits in a queue until it can be executed.
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Real-time computing
In computer science, real-time computing (RTC), or reactive computing describes hardware and software systems subject to a "real-time constraint", for example from event to system response.
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San Diego State University
San Diego State University (SDSU) is a public research university in San Diego, California, and is the largest and oldest higher education institution in San Diego County.
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Segmentation and Reassembly
Segmentation and Reassembly is the process used to fragment and reassemble variable length packets into fixed length cells so as to allow them to be transported across Asynchronous Transfer Mode networks or other cell based infrastructures.
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Service data unit
In Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) terminology, a service data unit (SDU) is a unit of data that has been passed down from an OSI layer or sublayer to a lower layer.
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Signaling (telecommunications)
In telecommunication, signaling has the following meanings.
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Synchronous optical networking
Synchronous optical networking (SONET) and synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) are standardized protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams synchronously over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
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Telecommunication
Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.
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Telephony
Telephony is the field of technology involving the development, application, and deployment of telecommunication services for the purpose of electronic transmission of voice, fax, or data, between distant parties.
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Time-division multiplexing
Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting and receiving independent signals over a common signal path by means of synchronized switches at each end of the transmission line so that each signal appears on the line only a fraction of time in an alternating pattern.
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Traffic contract
If a service (or application) wishes to use a broadband network (an ATM network in particular) to transport a particular kind of traffic, it must first inform the network about what kind of traffic is to be transported, and the performance requirements of that traffic.
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Traffic policing (communications)
In communications, traffic policing is the process of monitoring network traffic for compliance with a traffic contract and taking steps to enforce that contract.
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Traffic shaping
Traffic shaping is a bandwidth management technique used on computer networks which delays some or all datagrams to bring them into compliance with a desired traffic profile.
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University of Cambridge
The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University)The corporate title of the university is The Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the University of Cambridge.
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UPC and NPC
Usage Parameter Control (UPC) and Network Parameter Control (NPC) are functions that may be performed in a computer network.
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User–network interface
In telecommunications, a User Network Interface (UNI) is a demarcation point between the responsibility of the service provider and the responsibility of the subscriber.
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Variable bitrate
Variable bitrate (VBR) is a term used in telecommunications and computing that relates to the bitrate used in sound or video encoding.
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VDSL
Very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line (VDSL) and very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line 2 (VDSL2) are digital subscriber line (DSL) technologies providing data transmission faster than asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL).
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Video
Video is an electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display of moving visual media.
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Virtual circuit
A virtual circuit (VC) is a means of transporting data over a packet switched computer network in such a way that it appears as though there is a dedicated physical layer link between the source and destination end systems of this data.
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Virtual LAN
A virtual LAN (VLAN) is any broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer (OSI layer 2).
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VoATM
Voice over Asynchronous Transfer Mode (VoATM) is a data protocol used to transport packetized voice signals over an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network.
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X.25
X.25 is an ITU-T standard protocol suite for packet switched wide area network (WAN) communication.
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ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), ATM NIC, Asynchronous Transfer Mode, Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), Asynchronus Transfer Mode, Asyncronous Transfer Mode, Atm nic, Cell (computer), Virtual Channel Identifier, Virtual Channel identifier, Virtual Circuit Identifier, Virtual Path Identifier, Virtual channel identifier, Virtual circuit identifier, Virtual path identifier.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous_transfer_mode
