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Automobile layout

Index Automobile layout

In automotive design, the automobile layout describes where on the vehicle the engine and drive wheels are found. [1]

124 relations: Acura TL, AMC Eagle, Audi, Audi A4, Audi A5, Audi Quattro, Audi S4, Automobile handling, Automotive design, Axle, Belt (mechanical), Bicycle, BMW, BMW 3 Series, Cadillac CTS, Cadillac DTS, Car classification, Center of mass, Chain drive, Chevrolet Camaro, Chevrolet Corvette, Chrysler, Chrysler 300, Citroën, Citroën 2CV, Compact executive car, Constant-velocity joint, Contact patch, Differential (mechanical device), Dodge Daytona, Drive shaft, Drive wheel, Economies of scale, Engine, Ferrari FF, Fishtailing, Ford Crown Victoria, Ford Falcon (Australia), Ford Panther platform, Ford Taurus SHO, Four-wheel drive, Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout, Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout, Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, Front-wheel drive, Fuel economy in automobiles, Fuel efficiency, Full-size car, General Motors, GM Kappa platform, ..., Gyrocar, Holden Commodore, Honda Civic, Hyundai, Hyundai Genesis, Hyundai Genesis Coupe, Hyundai Motor Company, Independent suspension, Inertia, Infiniti, Inline-four engine, Jaguar Cars, Jeep Hurricane, Jensen FF, Lexus, Lift-off oversteer, Lincoln LS, Lincoln Town Car, List price, Longitudinal engine, Lotus Cars, Lotus Elan, Mazda, Mazda MX-5, Mercedes-Benz, Mercedes-Benz W124, Mercury Grand Marquis, Mid-engine design, Mini, Mitsubishi GTO, Moment of inertia, Motorcycle, Nissan, Nissan GT-R, Panhard, Pickup truck, Pontiac Firebird, Porsche 911, Powertrain, Rallying, Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, Rear-engine design, Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, Renault 5, Saab Automobile, Sport utility vehicle, Straight-six engine, Subaru, Suzuki Vitara, Tank, Torque steer, Toyota, Toyota 86, Toyota RAV4, Toyota Tercel, Traction (engineering), Traction control system, Transverse engine, Trunk (car), Understeer and oversteer, Universal joint, Unsprung mass, V10 engine, V12 engine, V6 engine, V8 engine, Volkswagen Beetle, Volkswagen Golf, Volvo S80, VR6 engine, Weight distribution, Weight transfer, 1973 oil crisis, 4Matic. Expand index (74 more) »

Acura TL

The Acura TL is a mid-size luxury car that was manufactured by Acura.

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AMC Eagle

The AMC Eagle is a compact-sized four-wheel drive passenger vehicle that was produced by American Motors Corporation (AMC) from 1979 to 1987.

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Audi

Audi AG is a German automobile manufacturer that designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes luxury vehicles.

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Audi A4

The Audi A4 is a line of compact executive cars produced since 1994 by the German car manufacturer Audi, a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group.

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Audi A5

The Audi A5 is a series of executive coupe cars produced by the German automobile manufacturer Audi since March 2007.

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Audi Quattro

The Audi Quattro is a road and rally car, produced by the German automobile manufacturer Audi, part of the Volkswagen Group.

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Audi S4

The Audi S4 is the high performance variant of Audi's compact executive car A4.

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Automobile handling

Automobile handling and vehicle handling are descriptions of the way a wheeled vehicle responds and reacts to the inputs of a driver, as well as how it moves along a track or road.

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Automotive design

Automotive design is the process of developing the appearance, and to some extent the ergonomics, of motor vehicles, including automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, buses, coaches, and vans.

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Axle

An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear.

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Belt (mechanical)

A belt is a loop of flexible material used to link two or more rotating shafts mechanically, most often parallel.

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Bicycle

A bicycle, also called a cycle or bike, is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.

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BMW

BMW (Bayerische Motoren Werke in German, or Bavarian Motor Works in English) is a German multinational company which currently produces luxury automobiles and motorcycles, and also produced aircraft engines until 1945.

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BMW 3 Series

The BMW 3 Series is a compact executive car manufactured by the German automaker BMW since May 1975.

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Cadillac CTS

The Cadillac CTS is a mid-size luxury car / executive car designed, engineered, manufactured and marketed by General Motors, and now in its third generation.

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Cadillac DTS

The Cadillac DTS (DeVille Touring Sedan or D-Series Touring Sedan) is a full-size luxury notchback sedan that was produced by Cadillac.

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Car classification

Governments and private organizations have developed car classification schemes that are used for innumerable purposes including regulation, description and categorization, among others.

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Center of mass

In physics, the center of mass of a distribution of mass in space is the unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero, or the point where if a force is applied it moves in the direction of the force without rotating.

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Chain drive

Chain drive is a way of transmitting mechanical power from one place to another.

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Chevrolet Camaro

The Chevrolet Camaro is an American automobile manufactured by Chevrolet, classified as a pony car and some versions also as a muscle car.

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Chevrolet Corvette

The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet.

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Chrysler

Fiat Chrysler Automobiles US LLC (commonly known as Chrysler) is the American subsidiary of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V., an Italian-American automobile manufacturer registered in the Netherlands with headquarters in London, U.K., for tax purposes.

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Chrysler 300

The Chrysler 300 is a rear-wheel-drive, front-engine, full-sized luxury car manufactured and marketed by FCA US (and its predecessor companies) as a four-door sedan and station wagon its first generation (model years 2005–2010) and solely as a four-door sedan in its second and current generation (model years 2011–present).

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Citroën

Citroën is a French automobile manufacturer, part of the PSA Peugeot Citroën group since 1976, founded in 1919 by French industrialist André-Gustave Citroën (1878–1935).

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Citroën 2CV

The Citroën 2CV ("deux chevaux" i.e. "deux chevaux-vapeur" (lit. "two steam horses", "two tax horsepower") is an air-cooled front-engine, front-wheel-drive economy car introduced at the 1948 Paris Mondial de l'Automobile and manufactured by Citroën for model years 1948–1990. Conceived by Citroën Vice-President Pierre Boulanger to help motorise the large number of farmers still using horses and carts in 1930s France, the 2CV has a combination of innovative engineering and utilitarian, straightforward metal bodywork — initially corrugated for added strength without added weight. The 2CV featured low cost; simplicity of overall maintenance; an easily serviced air-cooled engine (originally offering 9 hp); low fuel consumption; and an extremely long-travel suspension offering a soft ride and light off-road capability. Often called "an umbrella on wheels", the fixed-profile convertible bodywork featured a full-width, canvas, roll-back sunroof, which accommodated oversized loads and until 1955 reached almost to the car's rear bumper. Notably, Michelin introduced and first commercialized the radial tyre with the introduction of the 2CV. Manufactured in France between 1948 and 1988 (and in Portugal from 1988 to 1990), more than 3.8 million 2CVs were produced, along with over 1.2 million small 2CV-based delivery vans known as fourgonnettes. Citroën ultimately offered several mechanically identical variants including the Ami (over 1.8 million); the Dyane (over 1.4 million); the Acadiane (over 250,000); and the Mehari (over 140,000). In total, Citroën manufactured almost 9 million 2CVs and variants. The purchase price of the 2CV was low relative to its competition. In West Germany during the 1960s, for example, it cost about half as much as a Volkswagen Beetle. From the mid-1950s economy car competition had increased – internationally in the form of the 1957 Fiat 500 and 1955 Fiat 600, and 1959 Austin Mini. By 1952, Germany produced a price competitive car – the Messerschmitt KR175, followed in 1955 by the Isetta – these were microcars, not complete four-door cars like the 2CV. On the French home market, from 1961, the small Simca 1000 using licensed Fiat technology, and the larger Renault 4 hatchback had become available. The R4 was the biggest threat to the 2CV, eventually outselling it. A 1953 technical review in Autocar described "the extraordinary ingenuity of this design, which is undoubtedly the most original since the Model T Ford". In 2011, The Globe and Mail called it a "car like no other". The motoring writer L. J. K. Setright described the 2CV as "the most intelligent application of minimalism ever to succeed as a car", and a car of "remorseless rationality".

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Compact executive car

A compact executive car is a premium car smaller than an executive car.

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Constant-velocity joint

Constant-velocity joints (also known as homokinetic or CV joints) allow a drive shaft to transmit power through a variable angle, at constant rotational speed, without an appreciable increase in friction or play.

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Contact patch

Contact patch is the portion of a vehicle's tire that is in actual contact with the road surface.

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Differential (mechanical device)

A differential is a gear train with three shafts that has the property that the rotational speed of one shaft is the average of the speeds of the others, or a fixed multiple of that average.

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Dodge Daytona

The Dodge Daytona was an automobile which was produced by the Chrysler Corporation under their Dodge division from 1984 to 1993.

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Drive shaft

A drive shaft, driveshaft, driving shaft, propeller shaft (prop shaft), or Cardan shaft is a mechanical component for transmitting torque and rotation, usually used to connect other components of a drive train that cannot be connected directly because of distance or the need to allow for relative movement between them.

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Drive wheel

A drive wheel is a wheel of a motor vehicle that transmits force, transforming torque into tractive force from the tires to the road, causing the vehicle to move.

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Economies of scale

In microeconomics, economies of scale are the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation (typically measured by amount of output produced), with cost per unit of output decreasing with increasing scale.

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Engine

An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one form of energy into mechanical energy.

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Ferrari FF

The Ferrari FF (FF meaning "Ferrari Four", for four seats and four-wheel drive) is a grand tourer presented by Ferrari on March 1, 2011 at the Geneva Motor Show as a successor to the 612 Scaglietti grand tourer.

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Fishtailing

Fishtailing is a vehicle handling problem which occurs when the rear wheels lose traction, resulting in oversteer.

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Ford Crown Victoria

The Ford Crown Victoria (colloquially called the Crown Vic) is a rear-wheel-drive full-size four-door sedan that was marketed and manufactured by Ford from the 1992 to the 2011 model years over two generations.

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Ford Falcon (Australia)

The Ford Falcon was a full-sized car manufactured by Ford Australia from 1960 to 2016.

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Ford Panther platform

The Ford Panther platform is an automobile platform that was used by Ford Motor Company for full-size, rear-wheel drive sedans from 1978 to 2011.

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Ford Taurus SHO

The Ford Taurus SHO (Super High Output) is the high-performance variant of the Ford Taurus.

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Four-wheel drive

Four-wheel drive, also called 4×4 ("four by four") or 4WD, refers to a two-axled vehicle drivetrain capable of providing torque to all of its wheels simultaneously.

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Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout

In automotive design, an F4, or Front-engine, Four-wheel drive layout places the internal combustion engine at the front of the vehicle and drives all four roadwheels.

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Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout

In automotive design, an FF, or front-engine, front-wheel-drive (FWD) layout places both the internal combustion engine and driven roadwheels at the front of the vehicle.

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Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout

In automotive design, an FR, or front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout is one where the engine is located at the front of the vehicle and driven wheels are located at the rear.

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Front-wheel drive

Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only.

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Fuel economy in automobiles

The fuel economy of an automobile is the relationship between the distance traveled and the amount of fuel consumed by the vehicle.

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Fuel efficiency

Fuel efficiency is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the ratio from effort to result of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier (fuel) into kinetic energy or work.

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Full-size car

"Full-size car" is a marketing term used in North America for an automobile larger than a mid-size car.

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General Motors

General Motors Company, commonly referred to as General Motors (GM), is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.

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GM Kappa platform

Kappa was General Motors' subcompact rear-wheel drive automobile platform for roadster applications.

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Gyrocar

A gyrocar is a two-wheeled automobile.

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Holden Commodore

The Holden Commodore is a medium to large sedan sold by Holden since 1978.

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Honda Civic

The is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.

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Hyundai

Hyundai Group is a multinational (conglomerate) headquartered in Seoul, South Korea.

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Hyundai Genesis

The Hyundai Genesis (현대 제네시스) is an executive four-door, five passenger, rear-wheel-drive luxury sedan manufactured and marketed by Hyundai since 2008 and now in its second generation.

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Hyundai Genesis Coupe

The Hyundai Genesis Coupé is a rear-wheel drive sports coupe from Hyundai Motor Company, released on October 13, 2008 for the Korean market.

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Hyundai Motor Company

The Hyundai Motor Company (modernity) is a South Korean multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea.

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Independent suspension

Independent suspension is a broad term for any automobile suspension system that allows each wheel on the same axle to move vertically (i.e. reacting to a bump in the road) independently of the others.

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Inertia

Inertia is the resistance of any physical object to any change in its position and state of motion.

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Infiniti

is the luxury vehicle division of Japanese automaker Nissan.

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Inline-four engine

The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is a type of inline internal combustion four-cylinder engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase.

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Jaguar Cars

Jaguar is the luxury vehicle brand of Jaguar Land Rover, a British multinational car manufacturer with its headquarters in Whitley, Coventry, England and owned by the Indian company Tata Motors since 2008.

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Jeep Hurricane

The Jeep Hurricane is a bespoke custom concept vehicle that was unveiled at the 2005 North American International Auto Show in Detroit by American off-road brand Jeep.

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Jensen FF

The Jensen FF is a four-wheel drive grand tourer produced by British car manufacturer Jensen Motors between 1966 and 1971.

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Lexus

is the luxury vehicle division of Japanese car maker Toyota.

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Lift-off oversteer

Lift-off oversteer (also known as snap-oversteer, trailing-throttle oversteer, throttle off oversteer, or lift-throttle oversteer) is a form of oversteer in automobiles that occurs while cornering when closing the throttle causes a deceleration, causing the vertical load on the tires to shift from the rear to the front, in a process called weight transfer.

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Lincoln LS

The Lincoln LS is a four-door, five-passenger luxury sedan that was manufactured by the Lincoln division of Ford Motor Company.

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Lincoln Town Car

The Lincoln Town Car is a model line of full-size luxury sedans that was marketed by the Lincoln division of the American automaker Ford Motor Company from 1981 to 2011.

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List price

The list price, also known as the manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP), or the recommended retail price (RRP), or the suggested retail price (SRP), of a product is the price at which the manufacturer recommends that the retailer sell the product.

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Longitudinal engine

In automotive engineering, a longitudinal engine is an internal combustion engine in which the crankshaft is oriented along the long axis of the vehicle, front to back.

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Lotus Cars

Lotus Cars is a British automotive company that manufactures sports cars and racing cars in its headquarters in Hethel, United Kingdom.

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Lotus Elan

Lotus Elan is the name of two separate ranges of automobiles produced by Lotus Cars.

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Mazda

, commonly referred to as simply Mazda, is a Japanese multinational automaker based in Fuchū, Aki District, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.

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Mazda MX-5

The Mazda MX-5, released as the Mazda MX-5 Miata in North America and as the Eunos Roadster or Mazda Roadster in Japan, is a lightweight two-seater roadster with a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout.

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Mercedes-Benz

Mercedes-Benz is a global automobile marque and a division of the German company Daimler AG.

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Mercedes-Benz W124

No description.

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Mercury Grand Marquis

The Mercury Grand Marquis is an automobile that was sold by the Mercury division of Ford Motor Company from 1975 to 2011.

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Mid-engine design

A mid-engine layout describes the placement of an automobile engine between the rear and front axles.

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Mini

The Mini is a small economy car produced by the English-based British Motor Corporation (BMC) and its successors from 1959 until 2000.

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Mitsubishi GTO

The Mitsubishi GTO is a sports car built by the Japanese automaker Mitsubishi between 1990 and 1999.

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Moment of inertia

The moment of inertia, otherwise known as the angular mass or rotational inertia, of a rigid body is a tensor that determines the torque needed for a desired angular acceleration about a rotational axis; similar to how mass determines the force needed for a desired acceleration.

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Motorcycle

A motorcycle, often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle, is a two-> or three-wheeled motor vehicle.

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Nissan

, usually shortened to Nissan (or; Japanese), is a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Nishi-ku, Yokohama.

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Nissan GT-R

The Nissan GT-R is a 2-door 2+2 high performance vehicle produced by Nissan unveiled in 2007.

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Panhard

Panhard is a French manufacturer of light tactical and military vehicles.

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Pickup truck

A pickup truck is a light-duty truck having an enclosed cab and an open cargo area with low sides and tailgate.

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Pontiac Firebird

The Pontiac Firebird is an American automobile built by Pontiac from the 1967 to the 2002 model years.

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Porsche 911

The Porsche 911 (pronounced Nine Eleven or in Neunelfer) is a two-door, 2+2 high performance rear-engined classic German sports car made since 1963 by Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany.

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Powertrain

In a motor vehicle, the term powertrain or powerplant describes the main components that generate power and deliver it to the road surface, water, or air.

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Rallying

Rally is a form of motorsport that takes place on public or private roads with modified production or specially built road-legal cars.

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Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout

In automotive design, a RMR or Rear Mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (now simply known as MR or Mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout) is one in which the rear wheels are driven by an engine placed just in front of them, behind the passenger compartment.

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Rear-engine design

In automobile design, a rear-engine design layout places the engine at the rear of the vehicle.

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Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout

In automotive design, an RR, or Rear-engine, Rear-wheel-drive layout places both the engine and drive wheels at the rear of the vehicle.

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Renault 5

The Renault 5 is a supermini produced by French automaker Renault.

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Saab Automobile

Saab Automobile AB was a manufacturer of automobiles that was founded in Sweden in 1945 when its parent company, SAAB AB, began a project to design a small automobile.

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Sport utility vehicle

Sport-utility (vehicle), SUV or sport-ute is an automotive classification, typically a kind of station wagon / estate car with off-road vehicle features like raised ground clearance and ruggedness, and available four-wheel drive.

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Straight-six engine

The straight-six engine or inline-six engine (often abbreviated I6 or L6) is an internal combustion engine with the cylinders mounted in a straight line along the crankcase with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft (straight engine).

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Subaru

(or) is the automobile manufacturing division of Japanese transportation conglomerate Subaru Corporation (formerly known as Fuji Heavy Industries), the twenty-second largest automaker by production worldwide in 2012.

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Suzuki Vitara

The Suzuki Vitara is a compact SUV produced by Suzuki in four generations since 1988.

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Tank

A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle designed for front-line combat, with heavy firepower, strong armour, tracks and a powerful engine providing good battlefield maneuverability.

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Torque steer

Torque steer is the unintended influence of engine torque on the steering, especially in front-wheel drive vehicles.

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Toyota

, usually shortened to Toyota, is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan.

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Toyota 86

The Toyota 86 is a series of 2+2 seater sports cars that was jointly developed by Toyota and Subaru and solely manufactured by Subaru.

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Toyota RAV4

The is a compact crossover SUV (sport utility vehicle) produced by the Japanese automobile manufacturer Toyota.

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Toyota Tercel

The Toyota Tercel is a subcompact manufactured by Toyota from 1978 to 1999 across five generations, in five body configurations sized between the Corolla and the Starlet.

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Traction (engineering)

Traction, or tractive force, is the force used to generate motion between a body and a tangential surface, through the use of dry friction, though the use of shear force of the surface is also commonly used.

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Traction control system

A traction control system (TCS), also known as ASR (from lit), is typically (but not necessarily) a secondary function of the electronic stability control (ESC) on production motor vehicles, designed to prevent loss of traction of driven road wheels.

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Transverse engine

A transverse engine is an engine mounted in a vehicle so that the engine's crankshaft axis is perpendicular to the direction of travel.

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Trunk (car)

The trunk (North American English), boot (British English) or compartment (South-East Asia) of a car is the vehicle's main storage compartment.

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Understeer and oversteer

Understeer and oversteer are vehicle dynamics terms used to describe the sensitivity of a vehicle to steering.

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Universal joint

A universal joint (universal coupling, U-joint, Cardan joint, Spicer or Hardy Spicer joint, or Hooke's joint) is a joint or coupling connecting rigid rods whose axes are inclined to each other, and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion.

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Unsprung mass

In a ground vehicle with a suspension, the unsprung mass (or the unsprung weight) is the mass of the suspension, wheels or tracks (as applicable), and other components directly connected to them, rather than supported by the suspension (the mass of the body and other components supported by the suspension is the sprung mass).

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V10 engine

A V10 engine is a V engine with 10 cylinders in two banks of five.

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V12 engine

A V12 engine is a V engine with 12 cylinders mounted on the crankcase in two banks of six cylinders each, usually but not always at a 60° angle to each other, with all 12 pistons driving a common crankshaft.

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V6 engine

A V6 engine is a V engine with six cylinders mounted on the crankshaft in two banks of three cylinders, usually set at either a 60 or 90 degree angle to each other.

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V8 engine

A V8 engine is an eight-cylinder V configuration engine with the cylinders mounted on the crankcase in two sets (or banks) of four, with all eight pistons driving a common crankshaft.

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Volkswagen Beetle

The Volkswagen Beetle – officially the Volkswagen Type 1, informally in German the Käfer (literally "beetle"), in parts of the English-speaking world the Bug, and known by many other nicknames in other languages – is a two-door, rear-engine economy car, intended for five passengers, that was manufactured and marketed by German automaker Volkswagen (VW) from 1938 until 2003.

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Volkswagen Golf

The Volkswagen Golf is a compact car produced by the German manufacturer Volkswagen since 1974, marketed worldwide across seven generations, in various body configurations and under various nameplates – such as the Volkswagen Rabbit in the United States and Canada (Mk1 and Mk5), and as the Volkswagen Caribe in Mexico (Mk1).

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Volvo S80

The Volvo S80 is an executive car produced by the Swedish manufacturer Volvo Cars from 1998 to 2016 across two generations.

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VR6 engine

VR6 engines, and the later VR5 variants, are a family of internal combustion engines, characterised by a narrow-angle (10.5° or 15°) V engine configuration.

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Weight distribution

Weight distribution is the apportioning of weight within a vehicle, especially cars, airplanes, and trains.

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Weight transfer

Weight transfer and load transfer are two expressions used somewhat confusingly to describe two distinct effects: the change in load borne by different wheels of even perfectly rigid vehicles during acceleration, and the change in center of mass (CoM) location relative to the wheels because of suspension compliance or cargo shifting or sloshing.

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1973 oil crisis

The 1973 oil crisis began in October 1973 when the members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries proclaimed an oil embargo.

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4Matic

4Matic (stylized as 4MATIC) is the marketing name of an AWD four-wheel drive system developed by Mercedes-Benz.

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Redirects here:

Engine positioning, FR platform, Rear wheel drive, Rear-wheel drive, Rear-wheel-drive, SDrive, Systeme Bollée, Systeme Panhard, Système Panhard.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_layout

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