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Basalt and Ophiolite

Shortcuts: Differences, Similarities, Jaccard Similarity Coefficient, References.

Difference between Basalt and Ophiolite

Basalt vs. Ophiolite

Basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon. An ophiolite is a section of Earth's oceanic crust and the underlying upper mantle that has been uplifted and exposed, and often emplaced onto continental crustal rocks.

Similarities between Basalt and Ophiolite

Basalt and Ophiolite have 33 things in common (in Unionpedia): Archean, Back-arc basin, Bowen's reaction series, Breccia, Calc-alkaline magma series, Chlorite group, Diabase, Earth's mantle, Epidote, Extrusive rock, Feldspar, Gabbro, Hotspot (geology), Hydrothermal circulation, Hydrothermal vent, Igneous rock, Intrusive rock, Iron, Magma, Mid-ocean ridge, Oceanic crust, Olivine, Ore, Peridotite, Plagioclase, Plate tectonics, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silicon dioxide, Subduction, ..., Titanium dioxide, Ultramafic rock, Upper mantle. Expand index (3 more) »

Archean

The Archean Eon (also spelled Archaean or Archæan), in older sources sometimes called the Archaeozoic, is the second of the four geologic eons of Earth's history, preceded by the Hadean Eon and followed by the Proterozoic.

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Back-arc basin

A back-arc basin is a type of geologic basin, found at some convergent plate boundaries.

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Bowen's reaction series

Within the field of geology, Bowen's reaction series is the work of the Canadian petrologist Norman L. Bowen, who summarized, based on experiments and observations of natural rocks, the sequence of crystallization of common silicate minerals from typical basaltic magma undergoing fractional crystallization (i.e. crystallization wherein early-formed crystals are removed from the magma by crystal settling, leaving behind a liquid of slightly different composition).

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Breccia

Breccia is a rock composed of large angular broken fragments of minerals or rocks cemented together by a fine-grained matrix.

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Calc-alkaline magma series

The calc-alkaline magma series is one of two main subdivisions of the subalkaline magma series, the other subalkaline magma series being the tholeiitic series.

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Chlorite group

The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks.

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Diabase

Diabase, also called dolerite or microgabbro, is a mafic, holocrystalline, subvolcanic rock equivalent to volcanic basalt or plutonic gabbro.

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Earth's mantle

Earth's mantle is a layer of silicate rock between the crust and the outer core.

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Epidote

Epidote is a calcium aluminium iron sorosilicate mineral.

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Extrusive rock

Extrusive rock refers to the mode of igneous volcanic rock formation in which hot magma from inside the Earth flows out (extrudes) onto the surface as lava or explodes violently into the atmosphere to fall back as pyroclastics or tuff.

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Feldspar

Feldspar (sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium.

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Gabbro

Gabbro is a phaneritic (coarse-grained), mafic intrusive igneous rock formed from the slow cooling of magnesium-rich and iron-rich magma into a holocrystalline mass deep beneath the Earth's surface.

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Hotspot (geology)

In geology, hotspots (or hot spots) are volcanic locales thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared with the surrounding mantle.

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Hydrothermal circulation

Hydrothermal circulation in its most general sense is the circulation of hot water (Ancient Greek ὕδωρ, water,Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press. and θέρμη, heat). Hydrothermal circulation occurs most often in the vicinity of sources of heat within the Earth's crust.

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Hydrothermal vent

Hydrothermal vents are fissures on the seabed from which geothermally heated water discharges.

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Igneous rock

Igneous rock, or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic.

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Intrusive rock

Intrusive rock is formed when magma penetrates existing rock, crystallizes, and solidifies underground to form intrusions, such as batholiths, dikes, sills, laccoliths, and volcanic necks.

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Iron

Iron is a chemical element.

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Magma

Magma is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed.

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Mid-ocean ridge

A mid-ocean ridge (MOR) is a seafloor mountain system formed by plate tectonics.

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Oceanic crust

Oceanic crust is the uppermost layer of the oceanic portion of the tectonic plates.

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Olivine

The mineral olivine is a magnesium iron silicate with the chemical formula.

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Ore

Ore is natural rock or sediment that contains one or more valuable minerals concentrated above background levels, typically containing metals, that can be mined, treated and sold at a profit.

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Peridotite

Peridotite is a dense, coarse-grained igneous rock consisting mostly of the silicate minerals olivine and pyroxene.

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Plagioclase

Plagioclase is a series of tectosilicate (framework silicate) minerals within the feldspar group.

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Plate tectonics

Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that Earth's lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates, which have been slowly moving since 3–4 billion years ago.

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Pyroxene

The pyroxenes (commonly abbreviated Px) are a group of important rock-forming inosilicate minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks.

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Quartz

Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica (silicon dioxide).

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Silicon dioxide

Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula, commonly found in nature as quartz.

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Subduction

Subduction is a geological process in which the oceanic lithosphere and some continental lithosphere is recycled into the Earth's mantle at convergent boundaries.

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Titanium dioxide

Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the inorganic compound derived from titanium with the chemical formula.

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Ultramafic rock

Ultramafic rocks (also referred to as ultrabasic rocks, although the terms are not wholly equivalent) are igneous and meta-igneous rocks with a very low silica content (less than 45%), generally >18% MgO, high FeO, low potassium, and are composed of usually greater than 90% mafic minerals (dark colored, high magnesium and iron content).

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Upper mantle

The upper mantle of Earth is a very thick layer of rock inside the planet, which begins just beneath the crust (at about under the oceans and about under the continents) and ends at the top of the lower mantle at.

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The list above answers the following questions

Basalt and Ophiolite Comparison

Basalt has 260 relations, while Ophiolite has 126. As they have in common 33, the Jaccard index is 8.55% = 33 / (260 + 126).

References

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