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25 relations: Abertzale left, Amaiur, Askatasuna, Basque language, Batasuna, Communist Party of the Basque Homelands, Demokrazia Hiru Milioi, EH Bildu, Elections to the European Parliament, ETA (separatist group), ETA political-military, Euskal Herritarrok, Eusko Abertzale Ekintza, French Basque Country, Herri Batasuna, Herritarren Zerrenda, Iparretarrak, Irrintzi, Kibibyte, LAB (Basque union), People's Socialist Revolutionary Party, Politics, Segi (organization), Social, Sortu.
Abertzale left
Abertzale left (Ezker abertzalea, Izquierda abertzale "patriotic left") is a term used to refer to the parties or organizations of the Basque nationalist/separatist left, stretching from democratic socialism to communism.
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Amaiur
Amaiur is a left-wing Basque nationalist and separatist political coalition from the Basque Country and Navarre.
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Askatasuna
Askatasuna (from the Basque word meaning freedom) is a Basque political party registered on 31 August 1998, outlawed in 2009 by the Audiencia Nacional under the 2002 Political Parties Law.
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Basque language
Basque (euskara) is a language spoken in the Basque country and Navarre. Linguistically, Basque is unrelated to the other languages of Europe and, as a language isolate, to any other known living language. The Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, the Basque Country, a region that straddles the westernmost Pyrenees in adjacent parts of northern Spain and southwestern France. The Basque language is spoken by 28.4% of Basques in all territories (751,500). Of these, 93.2% (700,300) are in the Spanish area of the Basque Country and the remaining 6.8% (51,200) are in the French portion. Native speakers live in a contiguous area that includes parts of four Spanish provinces and the three "ancient provinces" in France. Gipuzkoa, most of Biscay, a few municipalities of Álava, and the northern area of Navarre formed the core of the remaining Basque-speaking area before measures were introduced in the 1980s to strengthen the language. By contrast, most of Álava, the western part of Biscay and central and southern areas of Navarre are predominantly populated by native speakers of Spanish, either because Basque was replaced by Spanish over the centuries, in some areas (most of Álava and central Navarre), or because it was possibly never spoken there, in other areas (Enkarterri and southeastern Navarre). Under Restorationist and Francoist Spain, public use of Basque was frowned upon, often regarded as a sign of separatism; this applied especially to those regions that did not support Franco's uprising (such as Biscay or Gipuzkoa). However, in those Basque-speaking regions that supported the uprising (such as Navarre or Álava) the Basque language was more than merely tolerated. Overall, in the 1960s and later, the trend reversed and education and publishing in Basque began to flourish. As a part of this process, a standardised form of the Basque language, called Euskara Batua, was developed by the Euskaltzaindia in the late 1960s. Besides its standardised version, the five historic Basque dialects are Biscayan, Gipuzkoan, and Upper Navarrese in Spain, and Navarrese–Lapurdian and Souletin in France. They take their names from the historic Basque provinces, but the dialect boundaries are not congruent with province boundaries. Euskara Batua was created so that Basque language could be used—and easily understood by all Basque speakers—in formal situations (education, mass media, literature), and this is its main use today. In both Spain and France, the use of Basque for education varies from region to region and from school to school. A language isolate, Basque is believed to be one of the few surviving pre-Indo-European languages in Europe, and the only one in Western Europe. The origin of the Basques and of their languages is not conclusively known, though the most accepted current theory is that early forms of Basque developed prior to the arrival of Indo-European languages in the area, including the Romance languages that geographically surround the Basque-speaking region. Basque has adopted a good deal of its vocabulary from the Romance languages, and Basque speakers have in turn lent their own words to Romance speakers. The Basque alphabet uses the Latin script.
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Batasuna
Batasuna (Unity) was a Basque nationalist political party.
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Communist Party of the Basque Homelands
The Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (Euskal Herrialdeetako Alderdi Komunista, EHAK; Partido Comunista de las Tierras Vascas, PCTV) was a communist Basque separatist party in the Basque Country, Spain.
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Demokrazia Hiru Milioi
Demokrazia Hiru Milioi (Spanish: Democracia Tres Millones; D3M; also called Demokrazia 3,000,000) was an electoral platform which was formed to participate in the Basque Parliament elections in 2009.
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EH Bildu
EH Bildu, short for Euskal Herria Bildu (date or Basque Country Gather) is a leftist, Basque nationalist and pro-independence political coalition active in the Spanish autonomous communities of Basque Country and Navarre.
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Elections to the European Parliament
Elections to the European Parliament take place every five years by universal adult suffrage.
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ETA (separatist group)
ETA, an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ("Basque Homeland and Liberty"), was an armed leftist Basque nationalist and separatist organization in the Basque Country (in northern Spain and southwestern France).
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ETA political-military
ETA political-military (Spanish: ETA político-militar, Basque: ETA politiko-militarra) or ETA (pm) was the majority faction of the Basque revolutionary armed organization ETA, who during Spain's transition to democracy opted for a double legged structure, political on the one side and military on the other, while ETA militarra or ETA(m) adopted a military-only structure with its constituent divisions detaching into new self-standing organizations (LAB in 1974, etc.). In the late 1970s, ETA(pm) divided into two groups, with the bulk of the militants siding with the so-called Berezis (the Special Cells).
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Euskal Herritarrok
Euskal Herritarrok (Basque Citizens, EH) was a Basque independentist and socialist political party in the Basque Country.
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Eusko Abertzale Ekintza
Basque Nationalist Action (Eusko Abertzale Ekintza, Acción Nacionalista Vasca, EAE–ANV) is a Basque nationalist party based in Spain.
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French Basque Country
The French Basque Country, or Northern Basque Country (Iparralde (i.e. 'the Northern Region'), Pays basque français, País Vasco francés) is a region lying on the west of the French department of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques.
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Herri Batasuna
Herri Batasuna (Popular Unity; HB) was a far-left Basque nationalist coalition in Spain.
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Herritarren Zerrenda
The Herritarren Zerrenda (HZ, List of Fellow Citizens) is a Basque nationalist political party in Spain and France, created in 2004 to run in the European Parliament election.
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Iparretarrak
Iparretarrak (meaning "the Northerners" in Basque), commonly known as IK, was a Basque nationalist paramilitary organization operating in the Northern Basque Country, founded in 1973 by Philippe Bidart and other Basque activists.
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Irrintzi
Irrintzi is an armed Basque nationalist group or cell that acts in the Northern Basque Country (Basque: Iparralde).
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Kibibyte
The kibibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for quantities of digital information.
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LAB (Basque union)
Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak (LAB, Basque for "Nationalist Workers' Committees") is a Basque left-wing nationalist and separatist trade union operating mainly in Spain currently led by Garbiñe Aranburu.
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People's Socialist Revolutionary Party
People's Socialist Revolutionary Party (Herri Alderdi Sozialista Iraultzailea; HASI) was a non-legal Basque political party, considered commonly to be the political branch of ETA.
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Politics
Politics (from Politiká, meaning "affairs of the cities") is the process of making decisions that apply to members of a group.
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Segi (organization)
Segi is a Basque pro-independence and revolutionary left-wing organization.
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Social
Living organisms including humans are social when they live collectively in interacting populations, whether they are aware of it, and whether the interaction is voluntary or involuntary.
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Sortu
Sortu (Create) is a Basque socialist political party.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_National_Liberation_Movement
