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79 relations: Alexander B. Rossino, Anti-Fascist Bloc, Anti-Fascist Military Organisation, Augustów Canal, Łomża, Bartoszyce, Belarus, Belarusians, Bezirk, Białystok, Białystok Ghetto, Białystok Ghetto uprising, Brest, Belarus, Bridgehead, Bug River, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Chief of Civil Administration, Choroszcz, East Prussia, Erich Koch, Gauleiter, Gazeta Wyborcza, General Government, German language, German Reich, Germans, Germany and the Second World War, Ghetto uprising, Grajewo, Grodno, Grodno Ghetto, Heinrich Himmler, Hermann Schaper, Home Army, Institute of National Remembrance, Invasion of Poland, Jews, Kaliningrad, Karl Eberhard Schöngarth, Königsberg, Kingdom of Prussia, Kresy, Lithuania, Masty, Belarus, Military History Research Office (Germany), Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Nazi Germany, Nazi Party, Neman, New East Prussia, ..., Operation Barbarossa, Operation Most III, Operation Tempest, Ostrołęka, Oxford University Press, Płock, Poles, Pruzhany, Raid on Mittenheide, Red Army, Reich Main Security Office, Reichskommissariat Ostland, Reichskommissariat Ukraine, Rzeczpospolita, Second Polish Republic, Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast, Suwałki, Suwałki Region, Third Partition of Poland, Tomasz Szarota, Treblinka extermination camp, Ukrainians, V-2 rocket, Vawkavysk, Waldemar Magunia, Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, Wehrmacht, White Ruthenia, Wolfgang Birkner. Expand index (29 more) »
Alexander B. Rossino
Alexander B. Rossino (born 1966), is a research historian at the Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. with Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from the Syracuse University in New York.
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Anti-Fascist Bloc
The Anti-Fascist Bloc was an organization of Polish Jews formed in the March 1942 in the Warsaw Ghetto.
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Anti-Fascist Military Organisation
Antyfaszystowska Organizacja Bojowa (Polish for Anti-Fascist Military Organisation) was an underground organization formed in 1942 in the Ghetto in Białystok by former officers of the Polish Land Forces.
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Augustów Canal
The Augustów Canal (Kanał Augustowski,, Аўгустоўскі канал) is a cross-border canal built in the 19th century in the present-day Podlaskie Voivodeship of northeastern Poland and the Grodno Region of north-western Belarus (then the Augustów Voivodeship of the Kingdom of Poland).
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Łomża
Łomża (Yiddish: Lomzhe) is a city in north-eastern Poland, approximately 150 kilometres (90 miles) to the north-east of Warsaw and west of Białystok.
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Bartoszyce
Bartoszyce (German: Bartenstein; Barštynas) is a town on the Łyna River in northeastern Poland with 25,621 inhabitants.
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Belarus
Belarus (Беларусь, Biełaruś,; Беларусь, Belarus'), officially the Republic of Belarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь; Республика Беларусь), formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia or Belorussia (Белоруссия, Byelorussiya), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest.
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Belarusians
Belarusians (беларусы, biełarusy, or Byelorussians (from the Byelorussian SSR), are an East Slavic ethnic group who are native to modern-day Belarus and the immediate region. There are over 9.5 million people who proclaim Belarusian ethnicity worldwide, with the overwhelming majority residing either in Belarus or the adjacent countries where they are an autochthonous minority.
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Bezirk
The German term Bezirk (plural Bezirke, derived from circulus, "circle") translated as "district" can refer to the following types of administrative divisions.
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Białystok
Białystok (Bielastok, Balstogė, Belostok, Byalistok) is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship.
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Białystok Ghetto
The Białystok Ghetto (getto w Białymstoku) was a World War II Jewish ghetto set up by Nazi Germany between July 26 and early August 1941 in the newly formed Bezirk Bialystok district within Nazi occupied Poland.
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Białystok Ghetto uprising
The Białystok Ghetto uprising was a Jewish insurrection in the Białystok Ghetto against the Nazi German occupation authorities during World War II.
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Brest, Belarus
Brest (Брэст There is also the name "Berestye", but it is found only in the Old Russian language and Tarashkevich., Брест Brest, Берестя Berestia, בריסק Brisk), formerly Brest-Litoŭsk (Брэст-Лiтоўск) (Brest-on-the-Bug), is a city (population 340,141 in 2016) in Belarus at the border with Poland opposite the Polish city of Terespol, where the Bug and Mukhavets rivers meet.
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Bridgehead
A bridgehead (or bridge-head) is the strategically important area of ground around the end of a bridge or other place of possible crossing over a body of water which at time of conflict is sought to be defended/taken over by the belligerent forces.
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Bug River
The Bug River (Bug or Western Bug; Західний Буг, Zakhidnyy Buh, Захо́дні Буг, Zakhodni Buh; Западный Буг, Zapadnyy Bug) is a major European river which flows through three countries with a total length of.
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Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR, or Byelorussian SSR; Bielaruskaja Savieckaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika; Belorusskaya SSR.), also commonly referred to in English as Byelorussia, was a federal unit of the Soviet Union (USSR).
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Chief of Civil Administration
Chief of Civil Administration ('Chef der Zivilverwaltung, CdZ') was an office introduced in Nazi Germany, operational during World War II.
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Choroszcz
Choroszcz is a town in north-eastern Poland.
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East Prussia
East Prussia (Ostpreußen,; Prusy Wschodnie; Rytų Prūsija; Borussia orientalis; Восточная Пруссия) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 1871); following World War I it formed part of the Weimar Republic's Free State of Prussia, until 1945.
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Erich Koch
Erich Koch (19 June 1896 – 12 November 1986) was a Gauleiter of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in East Prussia from 1928 until 1945.
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Gauleiter
A Gauleiter was the party leader of a regional branch of the NSDAP (more commonly known as the Nazi Party) or the head of a Gau or of a Reichsgau.
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Gazeta Wyborcza
Gazeta Wyborcza (meaning Electoral Newspaper in English) is a newspaper published in Warsaw, Poland.
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General Government
The General Government (Generalgouvernement, Generalne Gubernatorstwo, Генеральна губернія), also referred to as the General Governorate, was a German zone of occupation established after the joint invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 at the onset of World War II.
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German language
German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.
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German Reich
Deutsches Reich was the official name for the German nation state from 1871 to 1945 in the German language.
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Germans
Germans (Deutsche) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe, who share a common German ancestry, culture and history.
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Germany and the Second World War
Germany and the Second World War (Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg) is a 12,000-page, 13-volume work published by the Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt (DVA), that has taken academics from the military history centre of the German armed forces 30 years to finish.
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Ghetto uprising
The ghetto uprisings during World War II were a series of armed revolts against the regime of Nazi Germany between 1941 and 1943 in the newly established Jewish ghettos across Nazi-occupied Europe.
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Grajewo
Grajewo is a town in north-eastern Poland with 21,499 inhabitants (2016).
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Grodno
Grodno or Hrodna (Гродна, Hrodna; ˈɡrodnə, see also other names) is a city in western Belarus.
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Grodno Ghetto
The Grodno Ghetto (getto w Grodnie, עברית) was a World War II ghetto established in November 1941 by Nazi Germany in the city of Grodno for the purpose of persecution and exploitation of Polish Jews in German-occupied eastern Poland.
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Heinrich Himmler
Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron; SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) of Germany.
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Hermann Schaper
Hermann Schaper (born 12 August 1911 – date of death unknown), was a German SS functionary during the Nazi era.
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Home Army
The Home Army (Armia Krajowa;, abbreviated AK) was the dominant Polish resistance movement in Poland, occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, during World War II.
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Institute of National Remembrance
The Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (Instytut Pamięci Narodowej – Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu; IPN) is a Polish government-affiliated research institute with lustration prerogatives, as well as prosecution powers.
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Invasion of Poland
The Invasion of Poland, known in Poland as the September Campaign (Kampania wrześniowa) or the 1939 Defensive War (Wojna obronna 1939 roku), and in Germany as the Poland Campaign (Polenfeldzug) or Fall Weiss ("Case White"), was a joint invasion of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, the Free City of Danzig, and a small Slovak contingent that marked the beginning of World War II.
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Jews
Jews (יְהוּדִים ISO 259-3, Israeli pronunciation) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and a nation, originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of the Ancient Near East.
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Kaliningrad
Kaliningrad (p; former German name: Königsberg; Yiddish: קעניגסבערג, Kenigsberg; r; Old Prussian: Twangste, Kunnegsgarbs, Knigsberg; Polish: Królewiec) is a city in the administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave between Poland and Lithuania on the Baltic Sea.
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Karl Eberhard Schöngarth
Karl Eberhard Schöngarth (22 April 1903 – 16 May 1946) was a German SS functionary during the Nazi era. He was a war criminal who perpetrated mass murder and genocide in German occupied Poland during the Holocaust. Schöngarth was born in Leipzig, Saxony. In 1933 he became a member of the SD, the SS's own Intelligence Service. During the German attack on Poland he was promoted to SS Obersturmbannfuhrer. He later served as a Senior Inspector for the RSHA in Dresden. In January 1941 he was sent to Kraków, occupied Poland, as Senior Commander of the SiPo and SD. During the time Schöngarth was stationed in Kraków, he formed several Einsatzgruppen (Special Action Groups) in Warsaw, Radom, and Lublin, with the intention of perpetrating massacres. He was responsible for the murder of up to 10,000 Polish Jews between July and September 1941 and the massacre of Lwów professors behind the frontline of Operation Barbarossa in the Soviet Union. Schöngarth attended the Wannsee Conference on 20 January 1942, along with Dr. Rudolf Lange (Einsatzgruppen A), who had also participated in the Holocaust. From early July 1944 until the end of war he was the BdS in the Netherlands. Schöngarth was captured by the allies at the end of the war in Europe. After an investigation into his background, he was charged with the crime of murdering a downed Allied pilot (on 21 November 1944) and tried by a British Military Court in Burgsteinfurt. He was found guilty of this war crime on 11 February 1946 and sentenced to death by hanging. Schöngarth was executed by Albert Pierrepoint on 16 May 1946 at Hameln Prison.
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Königsberg
Königsberg is the name for a former German city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia.
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Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.
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Kresy
Kresy Wschodnie or Kresy (Eastern Borderlands, or Borderlands) was the Eastern part of the Second Polish Republic during the interwar period constituting nearly half of the territory of the state.
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Lithuania
Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.
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Masty, Belarus
Masty (Масты; Mastai) or Mosty (Мосты́; Mosty) is a city in Grodno Region, Belarus, the administrative center of Masty District.
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Military History Research Office (Germany)
The Military History Research Office (Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt, MGFA) is an office of the Bundeswehr located at Potsdam, Germany.
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Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, also known as the Nazi–Soviet Pact,Charles Peters (2005), Five Days in Philadelphia: The Amazing "We Want Willkie!" Convention of 1940 and How It Freed FDR to Save the Western World, New York: PublicAffairs, Ch.
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Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler through the Nazi Party (NSDAP).
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Nazi Party
The National Socialist German Workers' Party (abbreviated NSDAP), commonly referred to in English as the Nazi Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945 and supported the ideology of Nazism.
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Neman
The Neman, Nemunas, Nyoman, Niemen or Memel, a major Eastern European river.
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New East Prussia
New East Prussia (Neuostpreußen; Prusy Nowowschodnie; Naujieji Rytprūsiai) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1795 to 1807.
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Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa (German: Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the code name for the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union, which started on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.
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Operation Most III
Operation Most III (Polish for Bridge III) or Operation Wildhorn III (in British documents) was a World War II operation in which Poland's Armia Krajowa provided the Allies with crucial intelligence on the German V-2 rocket.
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Operation Tempest
Operation Tempest (akcja „Burza”, sometimes referred in English as Operation Storm) was a series of anti-Nazi uprisings conducted during World War II by the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa, AK), the dominant force in the Polish resistance.
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Ostrołęka
Ostrołęka is a city in northeastern Poland on the Narew river, about northeast of Warsaw, with a population of 52,792 (2014) and an area of 33,46 km2 (12,92 sq. mls).
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.
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Płock
Płock (pronounced) is a city on the Vistula river in central Poland.
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Poles
The Poles (Polacy,; singular masculine: Polak, singular feminine: Polka), commonly referred to as the Polish people, are a nation and West Slavic ethnic group native to Poland in Central Europe who share a common ancestry, culture, history and are native speakers of the Polish language.
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Pruzhany
Pruzhany (Пружа́ны,; Пружаны, Prużany, פרוזשענע Pruzhene) is a town in Brest Voblast, Belarus.
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Raid on Mittenheide
In mid-August 1943 a Polish unit of the Uderzeniowe Bataliony Kadrowe (English: Striking Cadre Battalions, UBK), which was controlled by the right-wing organization Konfederacja Narodu, organized armed attack on East Prussian villages in the area of Johannisburg (now: Pisz).
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Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Рабоче-крестьянская Красная армия (РККА), Raboche-krest'yanskaya Krasnaya armiya (RKKA), frequently shortened in Russian to Красная aрмия (КА), Krasnaya armiya (KA), in English: Red Army, also in critical literature and folklore of that epoch – Red Horde, Army of Work) was the army and the air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
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Reich Main Security Office
The Reich Main Security OfficeReichssicherheitshauptamt is variously translated as "Reich Main Security Office", "Reich Security Main Office", "Reich Central Security Main Office", "Reich Security Central Office", "Reich Head Security Office", or "Reich Security Head Office".
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Reichskommissariat Ostland
Nazi Germany established the Reichskommissariat Ostland (RKO) in 1941 as the civilian occupation regime in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), the northeastern part of Poland and the west part of the Belarusian SSR during World War II.
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Reichskommissariat Ukraine
During World War II, Reichskommissariat Ukraine (abbreviated as RKU), was the civilian occupation regime (Reichskommissariat) of much of Nazi German-occupied Ukraine (which included adjacent areas of modern-day Belarus and pre-war Second Polish Republic).
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Rzeczpospolita
Rzeczpospolita Polska is a traditional and official name of the Polish State – Rzeczpospolita Polska (Res Publica Poloniae, Republic of Poland).
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Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, commonly known as interwar Poland, refers to the country of Poland between the First and Second World Wars (1918–1939).
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Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast
Sovetsk (Сове́тск), before 1946 known as Tilsit (Tilžė; Tylża) in East Prussia, is a town in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the south bank of the Neman River.
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Suwałki
Suwałki (Suvalkai, סואוואַלק) is a city in northeastern Poland with 69,210 inhabitants (2011).
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Suwałki Region
Suwałki Region (Suwalszczyzna, Suvalkų kraštas, Suvalkija) is a small region around the city of Suwałki (known in Lithuanian as Suvalkai) in northeastern Poland near the border with Lithuania.
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Third Partition of Poland
The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Austrian Empire, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polish–Lithuanian national sovereignty until 1918.
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Tomasz Szarota
Tomasz Szarota (born 1940) is a Polish historian and publicist.
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Treblinka extermination camp
Treblinka was an extermination camp, built and operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II.
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Ukrainians
Ukrainians (українці, ukrayintsi) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is by total population the sixth-largest nation in Europe.
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V-2 rocket
The V-2 (Vergeltungswaffe 2, "Retribution Weapon 2"), technical name Aggregat 4 (A4), was the world's first long-range guided ballistic missile.
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Vawkavysk
Vawkavysk (Ваўкавы́ск, Vaŭkavýsk; Волковыск; Wołkowysk; Valkaviskas; וואלקאוויסק; names in other languages) is one of the oldest towns in southwestern Belarus and the capital of the Vawkavysk district.
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Waldemar Magunia
Waldemar Magunia (December 8, 1902 in Königsberg (Prussia) – February 16, 1974 in Oldenburg in Holstein) was the leader of the Sturmabteilung (SA) in East Prussia and Commissioner General in Kiev.
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Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (אױפֿשטאַנד אין װאַרשעװער געטאָ; powstanie w getcie warszawskim; Aufstand im Warschauer Ghetto) was the 1943 act of Jewish resistance that arose within the Warsaw Ghetto in German-occupied Poland during World War II, and which opposed Nazi Germany's final effort to transport the remaining Ghetto population to Treblinka.
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Wehrmacht
The Wehrmacht (lit. "defence force")From wehren, "to defend" and Macht., "power, force".
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White Ruthenia
White Ruthenia (Бѣла Роусь, Bela Rous; Белая Русь, Белая Русь Belaya Rus'), alternatively known as Russia Alba, White Rus' or White Russia, is an archaism for the eastern part of present-day Belarus, including the cities of Polotsk, Vitebsk, and Mogilev.
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Wolfgang Birkner
Wolfgang Birkner (27 October 1913 – 24 March 1945) was a German SS functionary with the rank of SS-Hauptsturmführer, and the Holocaust perpetrator in World War II.
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Redirects here:
Bezirk Bialystock, Bezirk Białystok, Bialystok district.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezirk_Bialystok
