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Buffer solution

Index Buffer solution

A buffer solution (more precisely, pH buffer or hydrogen ion buffer) is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or vice versa. [1]

53 relations: Acetic acid, Acid dissociation constant, Acid strength, Aqueous solution, Barbital, Bicarbonate, Bicarbonate buffer system, Bicine, Blood, Blood plasma, Borate, Boric acid, Britton-Robinson buffer, Buffering agent, Cacodylic acid, Carbonic acid, CHES (buffer), Citric acid, Cologarithm, Common ion effect, Conjugate acid, Denaturation (biochemistry), Disodium phosphate, Enzyme, Fermentation, Good's buffers, Henderson–Hasselbalch equation, HEPES, Hydrochloric acid, Hydrogen ion, Le Chatelier's principle, McIlvaine buffer, MES (buffer), Metal ion buffer, Mineral redox buffer, Mixture, Molecular mass, Monopotassium phosphate, MOPS, Nonlinear system, PH, Phosphate-buffered saline, PIPES, RICE chart, Self-ionization of water, Sodium acetate, Sodium hydroxide, System of equations, TAPS (buffer), TAPSO, ..., TES (buffer), Tricine, Tris. Expand index (3 more) »

Acetic acid

Acetic acid, systematically named ethanoic acid, is a colourless liquid organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH (also written as CH3CO2H or C2H4O2).

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Acid dissociation constant

An acid dissociation constant, Ka, (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution.

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Acid strength

The strength of an acid refers to its ability or tendency to lose a proton (H+).

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Aqueous solution

An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water.

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Barbital

Barbital (or barbitone), marketed under the brand names Veronal for the pure acid and Medinal for the sodium salt, was the first commercially available barbiturate.

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Bicarbonate

In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid.

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Bicarbonate buffer system

The bicarbonate buffer system is an acid-base homeostatic mechanism involving the balance of carbonic acid (H2CO3), bicarbonate ion (HCO), and carbon dioxide (CO2) in order to maintain pH in the blood and duodenum, among other tissues, to support proper metabolic function.

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Bicine

Bicine is an organic compound used as a buffering agent.

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Blood

Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

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Blood plasma

Blood plasma is a yellowish coloured liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension; this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells.

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Borate

Borates are the name for a large number of boron-containing oxyanions.

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Boric acid

Boric acid, also called hydrogen borate, boracic acid, orthoboric acid and acidum boricum, is a weak, monobasic Lewis acid of boron, which is often used as an antiseptic, insecticide, flame retardant, neutron absorber, or precursor to other chemical compounds.

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Britton-Robinson buffer

Britton–Robinson buffer (aka BRB aka PEM) is a "universal" pH buffer used for the range pH 2 to pH 12.

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Buffering agent

A buffering agent is a weak acid or base used to maintain the acidity (pH) of a solution near a chosen value after the addition of another acid or base.

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Cacodylic acid

Cacodylic acid is the chemical compound with the formula (CH3)2AsO2H.

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Carbonic acid

Carbonic acid is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H2CO3 (equivalently OC(OH)2).

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CHES (buffer)

N-Cyclohexyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, also known as CHES, is a buffering agent.

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Citric acid

Citric acid is a weak organic acid that has the chemical formula.

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Cologarithm

In mathematics, the base-b cologarithm, sometimes shortened to colog, of a number is the base-b logarithm of the reciprocal of the number.

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Common ion effect

The common ion effect states that in a chemical solution, if the concentration of any one of the ions is increased, then, some of the ions in excess should be removed from solution, by combining with the oppositely charged ions.

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Conjugate acid

A conjugate acid, within the Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, is a species formed by the reception of a proton (H+) by a base—in other words, it is a base with a hydrogen ion added to it.

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Denaturation (biochemistry)

Denaturation is a process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose the quaternary structure, tertiary structure, and secondary structure which is present in their native state, by application of some external stress or compound such as a strong acid or base, a concentrated inorganic salt, an organic solvent (e.g., alcohol or chloroform), radiation or heat.

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Disodium phosphate

Disodium phosphate (DSP), or sodium hydrogen phosphate, or sodium phosphate dibasic, is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2HPO4.

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Enzyme

Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.

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Fermentation

Fermentation is a metabolic process that consumes sugar in the absence of oxygen.

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Good's buffers

Good's buffers (also Good buffers) are twenty buffering agents for biochemical and biological research selected and described by Norman Good and colleagues during 1966–1980.

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Henderson–Hasselbalch equation

In chemistry, the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation describes the derivation of pH as a measure of acidity (using, the negative log of the acid dissociation constant) in biological and chemical systems.

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HEPES

HEPES (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid) is a zwitterionic organic chemical buffering agent; one of the twenty Good's buffers.

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Hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid is a colorless inorganic chemical system with the formula.

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Hydrogen ion

A hydrogen ion is created when a hydrogen atom loses or gains an electron.

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Le Chatelier's principle

Le Chatelier's principle, also called Chatelier's principle or "The Equilibrium Law", can be used to predict the effect of a change in conditions on some chemical equilibria.

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McIlvaine buffer

McIlvaine buffer is a buffer solution composed of citric acid and disodium hydrogen phosphate, also known as citrate-phosphate buffer.

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MES (buffer)

MES is the common name for the compound 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid.

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Metal ion buffer

A metal-ion buffer provides a controlled source of free metal ions in a manner similar to the regulation of hydrogen ion concentration by a pH buffer A metal-ion buffer solution contains the free (hydrated) metal ion along with a complex compound formed by the association of the ion with a ligand in excess.

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Mineral redox buffer

In geology, a redox buffer is an assemblage of minerals or compounds that constrains oxygen fugacity as a function of temperature.

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Mixture

In chemistry, a mixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are mixed.

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Molecular mass

Relative Molecular mass or molecular weight is the mass of a molecule.

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Monopotassium phosphate

Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate),, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion which is used as a fertilizer, a food additive and a fungicide.

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MOPS

MOPS (3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid) is a buffer introduced by Good et al.

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Nonlinear system

In mathematics and science, a nonlinear system is a system in which the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input.

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PH

In chemistry, pH is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.

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Phosphate-buffered saline

Phosphate-buffered saline (abbreviated PBS) is a buffer solution commonly used in biological research.

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PIPES

PIPES is the common name for piperazine-N,N′-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid), and frequently used buffering agent in biochemistry.

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RICE chart

A RICE chart or RICE box is a tabular system of keeping track of changing concentrations in an equilibrium reaction.

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Self-ionization of water

The self-ionization of water (also autoionization of water, and autodissociation of water) is an ionization reaction in pure water or in an aqueous solution, in which a water molecule, H2O, deprotonates (loses the nucleus of one of its hydrogen atoms) to become a hydroxide ion, OH−.

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Sodium acetate

Sodium acetate, CH3COONa, also abbreviated NaOAc, is the sodium salt of acetic acid.

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Sodium hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations and hydroxide anions. Sodium hydroxide is a highly caustic base and alkali that decomposes proteins at ordinary ambient temperatures and may cause severe chemical burns. It is highly soluble in water, and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air. It forms a series of hydrates NaOH·n. The monohydrate NaOH· crystallizes from water solutions between 12.3 and 61.8 °C. The commercially available "sodium hydroxide" is often this monohydrate, and published data may refer to it instead of the anhydrous compound. As one of the simplest hydroxides, it is frequently utilized alongside neutral water and acidic hydrochloric acid to demonstrate the pH scale to chemistry students. Sodium hydroxide is used in many industries: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner. Worldwide production in 2004 was approximately 60 million tonnes, while demand was 51 million tonnes.

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System of equations

In mathematics, a set of simultaneous equations, also known as a system of equations or an equation system, is a finite set of equations for which common solutions are sought.

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TAPS (buffer)

TAPS or propanesulfonic acid is commonly used to make buffer solutions.

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TAPSO

TAPSO is used to make buffer solutions.

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TES (buffer)

TES is used to make buffer solutions.

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Tricine

Tricine is an organic compound that is used in buffer solutions.

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Tris

Tris, or tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, or known during medical use as tromethamine or THAM, is an organic compound with the formula (HOCH2)3CNH2.

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Buffer (chemistry), Buffer Solution, Buffer Solutions, Buffer capacity, Buffer range, Buffer solutions, Buffered solution, Buffering capacity, Buffering solution, Buffers (chemistry), Chemical buffer, Chemical buffers, PH Buffer, PH buffer, Tribonat.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_solution

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