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211 relations: Altair 8800, Amstrad CP/M Plus character set, Amstrad CPC, Amstrad PCW, Apple II series, ASCII, ASCII art, Assembly language, Atari ST, AutoCAD, Backward compatibility, Bank switching, BASIC, Bastille Day, BBC Micro, Bill Gates, BIOS, Booting, Bootstrapping, Borland, BSD licenses, Byte (magazine), C (programming language), C't, Caldera (company), Character encoding, Colossal Cave Adventure, Columbia University, COM file, Command-line interface, COMMAND.COM, Commodore 128, Compiler, Computer file, Computer History Museum, Computer terminal, Computing platform, Copy protection, CP/CMS, CP/M, CP/M-86, Cursor (user interface), Daisy wheel printing, Data entry clerk, DBase, Delphi (IDE), Desk accessory, Digital Equipment Corporation, Digital Research, Digital Systems, ..., Disk density, DOS Plus, DR-DOS, Dr. Dobb's Journal, Drive letter assignment, Dynamic debugging technique, Eagle Computer, Electronic Design (magazine), End-of-file, Escape sequence, Executable, File Allocation Table, File Control Block, File system, Filename extension, Floppy disk, Floppy disk format, Floppy-disk controller, Fortran, Front panel, Gary Kildall, Gorillas (video game), Graphics Environment Manager, Hacker culture, Hammurabi, Hard disk drive, Hard sectoring, Hardware abstraction, Heinz Heise, Hexadecimal, Home computer, IBM, IBM PC DOS, IBM Personal Computer, IMDOS, IMS Associates, Inc., IMSAI 8080, Infocom, InfoWorld, Installation (computer programs), Intel, Intel 8080, Intel 8085, Intel 8086, Intellec, Interactive fiction, Intertec Superbrain, Invoice, ISO/IEC 646, JRT (programming language), KAMAS (program), Kaypro, Kermit (protocol), Kilobyte, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Lifeboat Associates, List of computers running CP/M, Lunar Lander (video game genre), Mainframe computer, Microcomputer, Microsoft, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Windows, Modem, Modula-2, Monolithic kernel, Motorola 68000, MP/M, MS-DOS, MSX, Multiplan, Multiuser DOS, Naval Postgraduate School, NEC V20, New Jersey, NIAT, Nielsen Corporation, Non-disclosure agreement, North Star Computers, Olivetti M20, Omron, Open-source license, Open-source model, Operating system, OS/8, Osborne 1, Outliner, Packet switching, Pascal (programming language), Pascal/MT+, Path (computing), PC Magazine, PDP-10, PDP-11, PDP-8, Peripheral Interchange Program, PL/I, PL/M, PL/P, Portable computer, Porting, Printer (computing), Programming language, Proprietary software, RadioShack, Rainbow 100, Random-access memory, Read-only memory, Redirection (computing), Resident monitor, Retronym, RM Education, Rodnay Zaks, RS-232, RT-11, S-100 bus, Shell builtin, Shugart Associates, Simtel, SmartKey, Software bug, Sorcim, Source code, Source-to-source compiler, Substitute character, SuperCalc, System console, System time, Telengard, Terminate and stay resident program, Text editor, Text file, Text mode, The Innovators (book), The Register, TOPS-10, TRS-80, Turbo Pascal, Universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter, Users' group, VERSAdos, Video game, VisiCalc, Walter Isaacson, Wildcard character, William Millard (businessman), Word processor, WordStar, Xerox 820, XMODEM, Z-80 SoftCard, Zenith Data Systems, Zilog Z80, Zilog Z8000, Zork, ZX Spectrum, .exe, 16-bit, 8-bit, 8.3 filename, 86-DOS. Expand index (161 more) »
Altair 8800
The Altair 8800 is a microcomputer designed in 1974 by MITS and based on the Intel 8080 CPU.
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Amstrad CP/M Plus character set
The Amstrad CP/M Plus character set (alternatively known as PCW character set or ZX Spectrum +3 character set) refers to a group of 8-bit character sets introduced by Amstrad/Locomotive Software for use in conjunction with their adaptation of Digital Research's CP/M Plus on various Amstrad CPC / Schneider CPC and Amstrad PCW / Schneider Joyce machines.
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Amstrad CPC
The Amstrad CPC (short for Colour Personal Computer) is a series of 8-bit home computers produced by Amstrad between 1984 and 1990.
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Amstrad PCW
The Amstrad PCW series is a range of personal computers produced by British company Amstrad from 1985 to 1998, and also sold under licence in Europe as the "Joyce" by the German electronics company Schneider in the early years of the series' life.
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Apple II series
The Apple II series (trademarked with square brackets as "Apple.
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ASCII
ASCII, abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication.
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ASCII art
ASCII art is a graphic design technique that uses computers for presentation and consists of pictures pieced together from the 95 printable (from a total of 128) characters defined by the ASCII Standard from 1963 and ASCII compliant character sets with proprietary extended characters (beyond the 128 characters of standard 7-bit ASCII).
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Assembly language
An assembly (or assembler) language, often abbreviated asm, is a low-level programming language, in which there is a very strong (but often not one-to-one) correspondence between the assembly program statements and the architecture's machine code instructions.
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Atari ST
The Atari ST is a line of home computers from Atari Corporation and the successor to the Atari 8-bit family.
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AutoCAD
AutoCAD is a commercial computer-aided design (CAD) and drafting software application.
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Backward compatibility
Backward compatibility is a property of a system, product, or technology that allows for interoperability with an older legacy system, or with input designed for such a system, especially in telecommunications and computing.
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Bank switching
Bank switching is a technique used in computer design to increase the amount of usable memory beyond the amount directly addressable by the processor.
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BASIC
BASIC (an acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages whose design philosophy emphasizes ease of use.
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Bastille Day
Bastille Day is the common name given in English-speaking countries/lands to the French National Day, which is celebrated on the 14th of July each year.
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BBC Micro
The British Broadcasting Corporation Microcomputer System, or BBC Micro, is a series of microcomputers and associated peripherals designed and built by the Acorn Computer company for the BBC Computer Literacy Project, operated by the British Broadcasting Corporation.
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Bill Gates
William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, humanitarian, and principal founder of Microsoft Corporation.
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BIOS
BIOS (an acronym for Basic Input/Output System and also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS or PC BIOS) is non-volatile firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup), and to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs.
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Booting
In computing, booting is starting up a computer or computer appliance until it can be used.
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Bootstrapping
In general, bootstrapping usually refers to a self-starting process that is supposed to proceed without external input.
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Borland
Borland Software Corporation is a software company that facilitates software deployment projects.
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BSD licenses
BSD licenses are a family of permissive free software licenses, imposing minimal restrictions on the use and redistribution of covered software.
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Byte (magazine)
Byte was an American microcomputer magazine, influential in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s because of its wide-ranging editorial coverage.
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C (programming language)
C (as in the letter ''c'') is a general-purpose, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations.
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C't
c't – Magazin für Computertechnik (magazine for computer technology) is a German computer magazine, published by the Heinz Heise publishing house.
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Caldera (company)
Caldera was a US-based software company founded in 1994 to develop Linux- and DOS-based operating system products.
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Character encoding
Character encoding is used to represent a repertoire of characters by some kind of encoding system.
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Colossal Cave Adventure
Colossal Cave Adventure (also known as ADVENT, Colossal Cave, or Adventure) is a text adventure game, developed originally in 1976, by Will Crowther for the PDP-10 mainframe.
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Columbia University
Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City.
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COM file
A COM file is a type of simple executable file.
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Command-line interface
A command-line interface or command language interpreter (CLI), also known as command-line user interface, console user interface and character user interface (CUI), is a means of interacting with a computer program where the user (or client) issues commands to the program in the form of successive lines of text (command lines).
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COMMAND.COM
COMMAND.COM is the default command-line interpreter for DOS, Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows ME.
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Commodore 128
The Commodore 128, also known as the C128, C-128, C.
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Compiler
A compiler is computer software that transforms computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another programming language (the target language).
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Computer file
A computer file is a computer resource for recording data discretely in a computer storage device.
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Computer History Museum
The Computer History Museum (CHM) is a museum established in 1996 in Mountain View, California, US.
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Computer terminal
A computer terminal is an electronic or electromechanical hardware device that is used for entering data into, and displaying or printing data from, a computer or a computing system.
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Computing platform
A computing platform or digital platform is the environment in which a piece of software is executed.
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Copy protection
Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy prevention and copy restriction, is any effort designed to prevent the reproduction of software, films, music, and other media, usually for copyright reasons.
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CP/CMS
CP/CMS (Control Program/Cambridge Monitor System) is a discontinued time-sharing operating system of the late 60s and early 70s, known for its excellent performance and advanced features.
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CP/M
CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created for Intel 8080/85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc.
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CP/M-86
CP/M-86 was a version of the CP/M operating system that Digital Research (DR) made for the Intel 8086 and Intel 8088.
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Cursor (user interface)
In computer user interfaces, a cursor is an indicator used to show the current position for user interaction on a computer monitor or other display device that will respond to input from a text input or pointing device.
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Daisy wheel printing
Daisy wheel printing is an impact printing technology invented in 1969 by David S. Lee at Diablo Data Systems.
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Data entry clerk
A data entry clerk is a member of staff employed to enter or update data into a computer system.
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DBase
| influenced.
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Delphi (IDE)
Delphi is an integrated development environment (IDE) for rapid application development of desktop, mobile, web, and console software, developed by Embarcadero Technologies.
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Desk accessory
A desk accessory (DA) in computing is a small transient or auxiliary application that can be run concurrently in a desktop environment with any other application on the system.
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Digital Equipment Corporation
Digital Equipment Corporation, also known as DEC and using the trademark Digital, was a major American company in the computer industry from the 1950s to the 1990s.
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Digital Research
Digital Research, Inc. (also known as DR or DRI) was a company created by Gary Kildall to market and develop his CP/M operating system and related 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit systems like MP/M, Concurrent DOS, Multiuser DOS, DOS Plus, DR DOS and GEM.
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Digital Systems
* Digital Systems, Seattle, USA, between 1966 and 1979 an accounting service and technology development company founded by John Torode.
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Disk density
Disk density is a capacity designation on magnetic storage, usually floppy disks.
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DOS Plus
DOS Plus (erroneously also known as DOS+) was the first operating system developed by Digital Research's OEM Support Group in Newbury, Berkshire, UK, first released in 1985.
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DR-DOS
DR-DOS (DR DOS, without hyphen up to and including version 6.0) is an operating system of the DOS family, written for IBM PC-compatible personal computers.
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Dr. Dobb's Journal
Dr.
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Drive letter assignment
In computer data storage, drive letter assignment is the process of assigning alphabetical identifiers to volumes.
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Dynamic debugging technique
Dynamic Debugging Technique, or DDT, was the name of several debugger programs originally developed for DEC hardware, initially known as DEC Debugging Tape because it was distributed on paper tape.
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Eagle Computer
Eagle Computer of Los Gatos, California, was an early microcomputer manufacturing company.
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Electronic Design (magazine)
Electronic Design, founded in 1952, is the largest published print magazine (circulation 141,000) for the electronic design industry published in the USA by Penton Media.
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End-of-file
In computing, end-of-file (commonly abbreviated EOF) is a condition in a computer operating system where no more data can be read from a data source.
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Escape sequence
An escape sequence is a series of characters used to change the state of computers and their attached peripheral devices, rather than to be displayed or printed as regular data bytes would be.
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Executable
In computing, executable code or an executable file or executable program, sometimes simply referred to as an executable or binary, causes a computer "to perform indicated tasks according to encoded instructions," as opposed to a data file that must be parsed by a program to be meaningful.
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File Allocation Table
File Allocation Table (FAT) is a computer file system architecture and a family of industry-standard file systems utilizing it.
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File Control Block
A File Control Block (FCB) is a file system structure in which the state of an open file is maintained.
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File system
In computing, a file system or filesystem controls how data is stored and retrieved.
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Filename extension
A filename extension is an identifier specified as a suffix to the name of a computer file.
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Floppy disk
A floppy disk, also called a floppy, diskette, or just disk, is a type of disk storage composed of a disk of thin and flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in a rectangular plastic enclosure lined with fabric that removes dust particles.
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Floppy disk format
Floppy disk format and density refer to the logical and physical layout of data stored on a floppy disk.
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Floppy-disk controller
A floppy-disk controller (FDC) is a special-purpose chip and associated disk controller circuitry that directs and controls reading from and writing to a computer's floppy disk drive (FDD).
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Fortran
Fortran (formerly FORTRAN, derived from Formula Translation) is a general-purpose, compiled imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.
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Front panel
A front panel was used on early electronic computers to display and allow the alteration of the state of the machine's internal registers and memory.
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Gary Kildall
Gary Arlen Kildall (May 19, 1942 – July 11, 1994) was an American computer scientist and microcomputer entrepreneur who created the CP/M operating system and founded Digital Research, Inc. (DRI).
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Gorillas (video game)
Gorillas, also known under the source code's file name Gorilla.Bas, is a video game first distributed with MS-DOS 5 and published in 1991 by IBM corporation.
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Graphics Environment Manager
Graphics Environment Manager (GEM) was an operating environment created by Digital Research (DRI) for use with the DOS operating system on Intel 8088 and Motorola 68000 microprocessors.
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Hacker culture
The hacker culture is a subculture of individuals who enjoy the intellectual challenge of creatively overcoming limitations of software systems to achieve novel and clever outcomes.
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Hammurabi
Hammurabi was the sixth king of the First Babylonian Dynasty, reigning from 1792 BC to 1750 BC (according to the Middle Chronology).
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Hard disk drive
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive or fixed disk is an electromechanical data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material.
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Hard sectoring
Hard sectoring in a magnetic or optical data storage device is a form of sectoring which uses a physical mark or hole in the recording medium to reference sector locations.
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Hardware abstraction
Hardware abstractions are sets of routines in software that emulate some platform-specific details, giving programs direct access to the hardware resources.
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Heinz Heise
Heinz Heise is a publishing house based in Hanover, Germany.
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Hexadecimal
In mathematics and computing, hexadecimal (also base, or hex) is a positional numeral system with a radix, or base, of 16.
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Home computer
Home computers were a class of microcomputers entering the market in 1977, and becoming common during the 1980s.
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IBM
The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.
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IBM PC DOS
IBM PC DOS (an acronym for IBM personal computer disk operating system) is a discontinued operating system for the IBM Personal Computer, manufactured and sold by IBM from the early 1980s into the 2000s.
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IBM Personal Computer
The IBM Personal Computer, commonly known as the IBM PC, is the original version and progenitor of the IBM PC compatible hardware platform.
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IMDOS
IMDOS was a modified version of the CP/M operating system for Intel 8080 processors, used by IMS Associates, Inc. (IMS) for their IMSAI 8080 personal computer.
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IMS Associates, Inc.
IMS Associates, Inc., or IMSAI, was a microcomputer company, responsible for one of the earliest successes in personal computing, the IMSAI 8080.
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IMSAI 8080
The IMSAI 8080 was an early microcomputer released in late 1975, based on the Intel 8080 and later 8085 and S-100 bus.
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Infocom
Infocom was a software company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts that produced numerous works of interactive fiction.
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InfoWorld
InfoWorld (formerly The Intelligent Machines Journal) is an information technology media business.
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Installation (computer programs)
Installation (or setup) of a computer program (including device drivers and plugins), is the act of making the program ready for execution.
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Intel
Intel Corporation (stylized as intel) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in the Silicon Valley.
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Intel 8080
The Intel 8080 ("eighty-eighty") was the second 8-bit microprocessor designed and manufactured by Intel and was released in April 1974.
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Intel 8085
The Intel 8085 ("eighty-eighty-five") is an 8-bit microprocessor produced by Intel and introduced in 1976.
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Intel 8086
The 8086 (also called iAPX 86) is a 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel between early 1976 and mid-1978, when it was released.
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Intellec
The Intellec computers were a series of early microcomputers Intel produced in the 1970s as a development platform for their processors.
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Interactive fiction
Interactive fiction, often abbreviated IF, is software simulating environments in which players use text commands to control characters and influence the environment.
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Intertec Superbrain
The Intertec Superbrain was an all-in-one commercial microcomputer that was first sold by Intertec Data Systems Corp.
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Invoice
An invoice, bill or tab is a commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer, relating to a sale transaction and indicating the products, quantities, and agreed prices for products or services the seller had provided the buyer.
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ISO/IEC 646
ISO/IEC 646 is the name of a set of ISO standards, described as Information technology — ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange and developed in cooperation with ASCII at least since 1964.
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JRT (programming language)
JRT (Jim Russell Tyson) is an implementation of the Pascal programming language.
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KAMAS (program)
KAMAS, an acronym for Knowledge and Mind Amplification System, from Compusophic Systems, then Kamasoft (Aloha, Oregon), was in the 1980s the most influential outliner or outline processor, and the first for CP/M.
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Kaypro
Kaypro Corporation was an American home/personal computer manufacturer of the 1980s.
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Kermit (protocol)
Kermit is a computer file transfer/management protocol and a set of communications software tools primarily used in the early years of personal computing in the 1980s.
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Kilobyte
The kilobyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.
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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is an American federal research facility in Livermore, California, United States, founded by the University of California, Berkeley in 1952.
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Lifeboat Associates
Lifeboat Associates was a New York City company that was one of the largest microcomputer software distributors in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
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List of computers running CP/M
Many microcomputer makes and models could run some version or derivation of the CP/M disk operating system.
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Lunar Lander (video game genre)
Lunar Lander is the name of a genre of video games in which the player controls a spaceship as it falls towards the surface of the Moon or other astronomical bodies, and must maneuver the ship's thrusters so as to land safely before exhausting the available fuel.
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Mainframe computer
Mainframe computers (colloquially referred to as "big iron") are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical applications; bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning; and transaction processing.
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Microcomputer
A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU).
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Microsoft
Microsoft Corporation (abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.
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Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet developed by Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android and iOS.
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Microsoft Windows
Microsoft Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.
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Modem
A modem (modulator–demodulator) is a network hardware device that modulates one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital information for transmission and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted information.
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Modula-2
Modula-2 is a computer programming language designed and developed between 1977 and 1985 by Niklaus Wirth at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zurich) as a revision of Pascal to serve as the sole programming language for the operating system and application software for the personal workstation Lilith.
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Monolithic kernel
A monolithic kernel is an operating system architecture where the entire operating system is working in kernel space and is alone in supervisor mode.
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Motorola 68000
The Motorola 68000 ("'sixty-eight-thousand'"; also called the m68k or Motorola 68k, "sixty-eight-kay") is a 16/32-bit CISC microprocessor, which implements a 32-bit instruction set, with 32-bit registers and 32-bit internal data bus, but with a 16-bit data ALU and two 16-bit arithmetic ALUs and a 16-bit external data bus, designed and marketed by Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector.
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MP/M
MP/M (Multi-Programming Monitor Control Program) is a discontinued multi-user version of the CP/M operating system, created by Digital Research developer Tom Rolander in 1979.
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MS-DOS
MS-DOS (acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft.
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MSX
MSX is a standardized home computer architecture, first announced by Microsoft on June 16, 1983, and marketed by Kazuhiko Nishi, then Vice-president at Microsoft Japan and Director at ASCII Corporation.
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Multiplan
Multiplan was an early spreadsheet program developed by Microsoft.
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Multiuser DOS
Multiuser DOS is a real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system for IBM PC-compatible microcomputers.
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Naval Postgraduate School
The Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) is a graduate school operated by the United States Navy.
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NEC V20
The NEC V20 (μPD70108) was a processor made by NEC that was a reverse-engineered, pin-compatible version of the Intel 8088 with an instruction set compatible with the Intel 80186.
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New Jersey
New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States.
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NIAT
The NIAT (Nielsen Intelligent Auditing Terminal) was an hand-held personal computer with one Mbyte of SSD memory, a six-line display and an alphanumeric keyboard.
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Nielsen Corporation
The Nielsen Corporation, self-referentially known as The Nielsen Company, and formerly known as ACNielsen or AC Nielsen, is a global marketing research firm, with worldwide headquarters in New York City, United States.
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Non-disclosure agreement
A non-disclosure agreement (NDA), also known as a confidentiality agreement (CA), confidential disclosure agreement (CDA), proprietary information agreement (PIA) or secrecy agreement (SA), is a legal contract between at least two parties that outlines confidential material, knowledge, or information that the parties wish to share with one another for certain purposes, but wish to restrict access to or by third parties.
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North Star Computers
North Star Computers Inc. (later styled as NorthStar™) was an American computer company based in Berkeley, California existing between June 1976 (when according to popular rumor it was formed as "Kentucky Fried Computers") and 1984.
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Olivetti M20
The Olivetti M20 is a Zilog Z8000 based computer from Olivetti introduced in 1982.
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Omron
is an electronics company based in Kyoto, Japan.
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Open-source license
An open-source license is a type of license for computer software and other products that allows the source code, blueprint or design to be used, modified and/or shared under defined terms and conditions.
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Open-source model
The open-source model is a decentralized software-development model that encourages open collaboration.
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Operating system
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
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OS/8
OS/8 was the primary operating system used on the Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP-8 minicomputer.
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Osborne 1
The Osborne 1 was the first commercially successful portable microcomputer, released on April 3, 1981, by Osborne Computer Corporation.
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Outliner
An outliner (or outline processor) is a specialized type of text editor (word processor) used to create and edit outlines, which are text files which have a tree structure, for organization.
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Packet switching
Packet switching is a method of grouping data which is transmitted over a digital network into packets which are made of a header and a payload.
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Pascal (programming language)
Pascal is an imperative and procedural programming language, which Niklaus Wirth designed in 1968–69 and published in 1970, as a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring. It is named in honor of the French mathematician, philosopher and physicist Blaise Pascal. Pascal was developed on the pattern of the ALGOL 60 language. Wirth had already developed several improvements to this language as part of the ALGOL X proposals, but these were not accepted and Pascal was developed separately and released in 1970. A derivative known as Object Pascal designed for object-oriented programming was developed in 1985; this was used by Apple Computer and Borland in the late 1980s and later developed into Delphi on the Microsoft Windows platform. Extensions to the Pascal concepts led to the Pascal-like languages Modula-2 and Oberon.
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Pascal/MT+
Pascal/MT+ was an ISO 7185 compatible Pascal compiler written in 1980 by Michael Lehman, founder of MT MicroSYSTEMS of Solana Beach, California.
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Path (computing)
A path, the general form of the name of a file or directory, specifies a unique location in a file system.
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PC Magazine
PC Magazine (shortened as PCMag) is an American computer magazine published by Ziff Davis.
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PDP-10
The PDP-10 is a mainframe computer family manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1966 into the 1980s.
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PDP-11
The PDP-11 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1970 into the 1990s, one of a succession of products in the PDP series.
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PDP-8
The PDP-8 was a 12-bit minicomputer produced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).
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Peripheral Interchange Program
Peripheral Interchange Program (PIP) was a utility to transfer files on and between devices on Digital Equipment Corporation's computers.
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PL/I
PL/I (Programming Language One, pronounced) is a procedural, imperative computer programming language designed for scientific, engineering, business and system programming uses.
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PL/M
The PL/M programming language (an acronym of Programming Language for Microcomputers) is a high-level language conceived and developed by Gary Kildall in 1973 for Hank Smith at Intel for its microprocessors.
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PL/P
The PL/P programming language (an acronym of Programming Language for Prime (computers)) is a mid-level programming language developed by Prime Computer to serve as their second primary system programming language after Fortran IV.
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Portable computer
A portable computer was a computer designed to be easily moved from one place to another and included a display and keyboard.
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Porting
In software engineering, porting is the process of adapting software for the purpose of achieving some form of execution in a computing environment that is different from the one that a given program (meant for such execution) was originally designed for (e.g. different CPU, operating system, or third party library).
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Printer (computing)
In computing, a printer is a peripheral device which makes a persistent human-readable representation of graphics or text on paper.
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Programming language
A programming language is a formal language that specifies a set of instructions that can be used to produce various kinds of output.
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Proprietary software
Proprietary software is non-free computer software for which the software's publisher or another person retains intellectual property rights—usually copyright of the source code, but sometimes patent rights.
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RadioShack
RadioShack, formally RadioShack Corporation, is the trade name of an American retailer founded in 1921, which operates a chain of electronics stores.
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Rainbow 100
The Rainbow 100 was a microcomputer introduced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in 1982.
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Random-access memory
Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of computer data storage that stores data and machine code currently being used.
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Read-only memory
Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices.
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Redirection (computing)
In computing, redirection is a form of interprocess communication, and is a function common to most command-line interpreters, including the various Unix shells that can redirect standard streams to user-specified locations.
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Resident monitor
In computing, a resident monitor is a type of system software program that was used in many early computers from the 1950s to 1970s.
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Retronym
A retronym is a newer name for an existing thing that differentiates the original form or version from a more recent one.
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RM Education
RM Education is the principal division of the RM Group, a British company that specialises in providing Information Technology products and services to educational organisations and establishments.
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Rodnay Zaks
Rodnay Zaks (born 10 February 1946, Paris) is a French-born American author of many books on computer programming, including the seminal Programming the Z80 and Programming the 6502.
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RS-232
In telecommunications, RS-232, Recommended Standard 232 is a standard introduced in 1960 for serial communication transmission of data.
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RT-11
RT-11 ("RT" for real-time) is a discontinued small, single-user real-time operating system for the Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 family of 16-bit computers.
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S-100 bus
The S-100 bus or Altair bus, IEEE696-1983 (withdrawn), was an early computer bus designed in 1974 as a part of the Altair 8800.
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Shell builtin
In computing, a shell builtin is a command or a function, called from a shell, that is executed directly in the shell itself, instead of an external executable program which the shell would load and execute.
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Shugart Associates
Shugart Associates (later Shugart Corporation) was a computer peripheral manufacturer that dominated the floppy disk drive market in the late 1970s and is famous for introducing the 5-inch minifloppy floppy disk drive.
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Simtel
Simtel, sometimes cited as Simtelnet, was an important long-running archive of freeware and shareware for various operating systems.
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SmartKey
SmartKey was the first macro processing program of its type, and the first TSR or terminate and stay resident program for PCs and CP/M microcomputers, their eight bit predecessors.
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Software bug
A software bug is an error, flaw, failure or fault in a computer program or system that causes it to produce an incorrect or unexpected result, or to behave in unintended ways.
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Sorcim
Sorcim was an early start-up company in Silicon Valley, founded in June 1980 by Richard Frank, Paul McQuesten, Martin Herbach, Anil Lakhwara, and Steve Jasik - all former Control Data Corporation employees working in the Language Group in Sunnyvale, CA.
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Source code
In computing, source code is any collection of code, possibly with comments, written using a human-readable programming language, usually as plain text.
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Source-to-source compiler
A source-to-source compiler, transcompiler or transpiler is a type of compiler that takes the source code of a program written in one programming language as its input and produces the equivalent source code in another programming language.
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Substitute character
A substitute character (␚) is a control character that is used in the place of a character that is recognized to be invalid or erroneous, or that cannot be represented on a given device.
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SuperCalc
SuperCalc is a CP/M-80 spreadsheet application published by Sorcim in 1981.
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System console
The system console, computer console, root console, operator's console, or simply console is the text entry and display device for system administration messages, particularly those from the BIOS or boot loader, the kernel, from the init system and from the system logger.
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System time
In computer science and computer programming, system time represents a computer system's notion of the passing of time.
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Telengard
Telengard is a 1982 role-playing dungeon crawler video game developed by Daniel Lawrence and published by Avalon Hill.
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Terminate and stay resident program
Regarding computers, a terminate and stay resident program (commonly referred to by the initialism TSR) is a computer program that uses a system call in DOS operating systems to return control of the computer to the operating system, as though the program has quit, but stays resident in computer memory so it can be reactivated by a hardware or software interrupt.
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Text editor
A text editor is a type of computer program that edits plain text.
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Text file
A text file (sometimes spelled "textfile"; an old alternative name is "flatfile") is a kind of computer file that is structured as a sequence of lines of electronic text.
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Text mode
Text mode is a computer display mode in which content is internally represented on a computer screen in terms of characters rather than individual pixels.
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The Innovators (book)
The Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution is an overview of the history of computer science and the Digital Revolution.
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The Register
The Register (nicknamed El Reg) is a British technology news and opinion website co-founded in 1994 by Mike Magee, John Lettice and Ross Alderson.
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TOPS-10
The TOPS-10 System (Timesharing / Total Operating System-10) was a computer operating system from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) for the PDP-10 (or DECsystem-10) mainframe computer launched in 1967.
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TRS-80
The TRS-80 Micro Computer System (TRS-80, later renamed the Model I to distinguish it from successors) is a desktop microcomputer launched in 1977 and sold by Tandy Corporation through their Radio Shack stores.
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Turbo Pascal
Turbo Pascal is a software development system that includes a compiler and an integrated development environment (IDE) for the Pascal programming language running on CP/M, CP/M-86, and MS-DOS.
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Universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter
A universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART) is a computer hardware device for asynchronous serial communication in which the data format and transmission speeds are configurable.
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Users' group
A users' group (also user's group or user group) is a type of club focused on the use of a particular technology, usually (but not always) computer-related.
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VERSAdos
VERSAdos is an operating system dating back to the early 1980s for use on the Motorola 68000 development system called the EXORmacs which featured the VMEbus and an array of option cards.
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Video game
A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.
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VisiCalc
VisiCalc (for "visible calculator") was the first spreadsheet computer program for personal computers, originally released for the Apple II by VisiCorp.
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Walter Isaacson
Walter Isaacson (born May 20, 1952)Millie Ball, The Times-Picayune, December 11, 2011.
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Wildcard character
In software, a wildcard character is a kind of placeholder represented by a single character, such as an asterisk, which can be interpreted as a number of literal characters or an empty string.
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William Millard (businessman)
William "Bill" Millard was the founder of IMS Associates, makers of the IMSAI series of computers and the electronics retailer ComputerLand.
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Word processor
A word processor is a computer program or device that provides for input, editing, formatting and output of text, often plus other features.
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WordStar
WordStar is a word processor application that had a dominant market share during the early- to mid-1980s.
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Xerox 820
The Xerox 820 was an 8-bit desktop computer sold by Xerox in the early 1980s.
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XMODEM
XMODEM is a simple file transfer protocol developed as a quick hack by Ward Christensen for use in his 1977 MODEM.ASM terminal program.
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Z-80 SoftCard
The Z-80 SoftCard is a plug-in coprocessor card developed by Microsoft to turn the Apple II personal computer into a CP/M system based upon the Zilog Z80 CPU.
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Zenith Data Systems
Zenith Data Systems (ZDS) was a division of Zenith Electronics founded in 1979 after Zenith acquired Heathkit, which had, in 1977, entered the personal computer market.
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Zilog Z80
The Z80 CPU is an 8-bit based microprocessor.
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Zilog Z8000
The Z8000 ("zee-eight-thousand") is a 16-bit microprocessor introduced by Zilog in early 1979, between the launch of the Intel 8086 (April 1978) and the Motorola 68000 (September 1979).
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Zork
Zork is one of the earliest interactive fiction computer games, with roots drawn from the original genre game Colossal Cave Adventure.
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ZX Spectrum
The ZX Spectrum is an 8-bit personal home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research.
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.exe
.exe is a common filename extension denoting an executable file (the main execution point of a computer program) for DOS, OpenVMS, Microsoft Windows, Symbian or OS/2.
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16-bit
16-bit microcomputers are computers in which 16-bit microprocessors were the norm.
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8-bit
8-bit is also a generation of microcomputers in which 8-bit microprocessors were the norm.
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8.3 filename
An 8.3 filename (also called a short filename or SFN) is a filename convention used by old versions of DOS and versions of Microsoft Windows prior to Windows 95 and Windows NT 3.5.
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86-DOS
86-DOS is a discontinued operating system developed and marketed by Seattle Computer Products (SCP) for its Intel 8086-based computer kit.
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Redirects here:
BDOS, BDOS (CP/M), BIOS (CP/M), Basic Disk Operating System, CCP (CP/M), CP/M 1, CP/M 1.0, CP/M 1.1, CP/M 1.2, CP/M 1.3, CP/M 1.4, CP/M 2, CP/M 2.2, CP/M 3.0, CP/M BDOS, CP/M BIOS, CP/M CCP, CP/M Plus, CP/M file system, CP/M filesystem, CP/M operating system, CP/M-68K, CP/M-80, CP/M-80 2.2, CP/M-8000, CP/M-85, CP/M-86/80, CP/M-86/80 for DEC Rainbow 100, CPM operating system, Console Command Processor, Control Program for Microcomputers, Control Program/Monitor, Cp/m, DEC CP/M-86/80, Digital Equipment CP/M-86/80, Digital Equipment Corporation CP/M-86/80, Digital Research CP/M, Digital Research CP/M Plus, Digital Research CP/M-86/80, Digital Research CP/M-86/80 for DEC Rainbow 100, ED (CP/M), P-CP/M, PCP/M, Personal CP/M, Personal CP/M-80, Portable CP/M, RSX (CP/M), RSX (computing), Resident System Extension, Resident system extension, TPA (CP/M), TPA (computing), Transient Program Area, Transient program area, ZCPR.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/M
