Table of Contents
78 relations: Acetylation, Allosteric regulation, AMPA receptor, Annexin, Apoplast, Apoptosis, Aquaporin, Arabidopsis thaliana, Blood pressure, Brassica, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, Calcitonin gene-related peptide, Calcium channel, Calcium in biology, CALM2, CALM3, CALML3, CALML5, Calmodulin 1, CAMK, Cell membrane, Cell signaling, Cooperative binding, Cooperativity, Cytoplasm, Drought tolerance, EF hand, Endoplasmic reticulum, Enzyme, Eukaryote, Flagellin, G protein, Gene expression, Glucose, Glycine, Glycogen, Glycogen phosphorylase, Immune response, Inflammation, Ion channel, IQ calmodulin-binding motif, Kinase, Lipid metabolism, Long-term memory, Long-term potentiation, Medicago, Meristem, Metabolism, Methylation, Muscle contraction, ... Expand index (28 more) »
- Calcium signaling
Acetylation
In chemistry, acetylation is an organic esterification reaction with acetic acid.
See Calmodulin and Acetylation
Allosteric regulation
In the fields of biochemistry and pharmacology an allosteric regulator (or allosteric modulator) is a substance that binds to a site on an enzyme or receptor distinct from the active site, resulting in a conformational change that alters the protein's activity, either enhancing or inhibiting its function.
See Calmodulin and Allosteric regulation
AMPA receptor
The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (also known as AMPA receptor, AMPAR, or quisqualate receptor) is an ionotropic transmembrane receptor for glutamate (iGluR) and predominantly Na+ ion channel that mediates fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS).
See Calmodulin and AMPA receptor
Annexin
Annexin is a common name for a group of cellular proteins.
Apoplast
The apoplast is the extracellular space outside of plant cell membranes, especially the fluid-filled cell walls of adjacent cells where water and dissolved material can flow and diffuse freely.
Apoptosis
Apoptosis (from falling off) is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms and in some eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms such as yeast. Calmodulin and Apoptosis are cell signaling and signal transduction.
Aquaporin
Aquaporins, also called water channels, are channel proteins from a larger family of major intrinsic proteins that form pores in the membrane of biological cells, mainly facilitating transport of water between cells.
Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana, the thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis, is a small plant from the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia and Africa.
See Calmodulin and Arabidopsis thaliana
Blood pressure
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels.
See Calmodulin and Blood pressure
Brassica
Brassica is a genus of plants in the cabbage and mustard family (Brassicaceae).
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM kinase II or CaMKII) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that is regulated by the /calmodulin complex.
See Calmodulin and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
Calcitonin gene-related peptide
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a member of the calcitonin family of peptides consisting of calcitonin, amylin, adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin) and calcitonin‑receptor‑stimulating peptide.
See Calmodulin and Calcitonin gene-related peptide
Calcium channel
A calcium channel is an ion channel which shows selective permeability to calcium ions.
See Calmodulin and Calcium channel
Calcium in biology
Calcium ions (Ca2+) contribute to the physiology and biochemistry of organisms' cells. Calmodulin and Calcium in biology are calcium signaling and signal transduction.
See Calmodulin and Calcium in biology
CALM2
Calmodulin 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CALM2 gene. Calmodulin and CALM2 are eF-hand-containing proteins.
CALM3
Calmodulin 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CALM3 gene. Calmodulin and CALM3 are eF-hand-containing proteins.
CALML3
Calmodulin-like protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CALML3 gene. Calmodulin and CALML3 are eF-hand-containing proteins.
CALML5
Calmodulin-like protein 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CALML5 gene. Calmodulin and CALML5 are eF-hand-containing proteins.
Calmodulin 1
Calmodulin 1 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the CALM1 gene. Calmodulin and Calmodulin 1 are eF-hand-containing proteins.
See Calmodulin and Calmodulin 1
CAMK
CAMK, also written as CaMK or CCaMK, is an abbreviation for the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase class of enzymes.
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the outside environment (the extracellular space).
See Calmodulin and Cell membrane
Cell signaling
In biology, cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) is the process by which a cell interacts with itself, other cells, and the environment.
See Calmodulin and Cell signaling
Cooperative binding
Cooperative binding occurs in molecular binding systems containing more than one type, or species, of molecule and in which one of the partners is not mono-valent and can bind more than one molecule of the other species.
See Calmodulin and Cooperative binding
Cooperativity
Cooperativity is a phenomenon displayed by systems involving identical or near-identical elements, which act dependently of each other, relative to a hypothetical standard non-interacting system in which the individual elements are acting independently. Calmodulin and Cooperativity are cell signaling.
See Calmodulin and Cooperativity
Cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm describes all material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus.
Drought tolerance
In botany, drought tolerance is the ability by which a plant maintains its biomass production during arid or drought conditions.
See Calmodulin and Drought tolerance
EF hand
The EF hand is a helix–loop–helix structural domain or motif found in a large family of calcium-binding proteins.
Endoplasmic reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a part of a transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding.
See Calmodulin and Endoplasmic reticulum
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.
Eukaryote
The eukaryotes constitute the domain of Eukarya or Eukaryota, organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.
Flagellin
Flagellins are a family of proteins present in flagellated bacteria which arrange themselves in a hollow cylinder to form the filament in a bacterial flagellum.
G protein
G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior. Calmodulin and g protein are cell signaling and signal transduction.
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype.
See Calmodulin and Gene expression
Glucose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula.
Glycine
Glycine (symbol Gly or G) is an amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain.
Glycogen
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals, fungi, and bacteria.
Glycogen phosphorylase
Glycogen phosphorylase is one of the phosphorylase enzymes.
See Calmodulin and Glycogen phosphorylase
Immune response
An immune response is a physiological reaction which occurs within an organism in the context of inflammation for the purpose of defending against exogenous factors.
See Calmodulin and Immune response
Inflammation
Inflammation (from inflammatio) is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.
See Calmodulin and Inflammation
Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore.
See Calmodulin and Ion channel
IQ calmodulin-binding motif
The IQ calmodulin-binding motif is an amino acid sequence motif containing the following sequence.
See Calmodulin and IQ calmodulin-binding motif
Kinase
In biochemistry, a kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates.
Lipid metabolism
Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells, involving the breakdown and storage of fats for energy and the synthesis of structural and functional lipids, such as those involved in the construction of cell membranes.
See Calmodulin and Lipid metabolism
Long-term memory
Long-term memory (LTM) is the stage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely.
See Calmodulin and Long-term memory
Long-term potentiation
In neuroscience, long-term potentiation (LTP) is a persistent strengthening of synapses based on recent patterns of activity.
See Calmodulin and Long-term potentiation
Medicago
Medicago is a genus of flowering plants, commonly known as medick or burclover, in the legume family (Fabaceae).
Meristem
In cell biology, the meristem is a type of tissue found in plants.
Metabolism
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.
See Calmodulin and Methylation
Muscle contraction
Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle cells.
See Calmodulin and Muscle contraction
Myosin light chain
A myosin light chain is a light chain (small polypeptide subunit) of myosin.
See Calmodulin and Myosin light chain
Myosin light-chain kinase
Myosin light-chain kinase also known as MYLK or MLCK is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that phosphorylates a specific myosin light chain, namely, the regulatory light chain of myosin II.
See Calmodulin and Myosin light-chain kinase
Nod factor
Nod factors (nodulation factors or NF), are signaling molecules produced by soil bacteria known as rhizobia in response to flavonoid exudation from plants under nitrogen limited conditions. Calmodulin and Nod factor are signal transduction.
Organelle
In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit, usually within a cell, that has a specific function.
Phosphatase
In biochemistry, a phosphatase is an enzyme that uses water to cleave a phosphoric acid monoester into a phosphate ion and an alcohol.
See Calmodulin and Phosphatase
Phospholipid
Phospholipids are a class of lipids whose molecule has a hydrophilic "head" containing a phosphate group and two hydrophobic "tails" derived from fatty acids, joined by an alcohol residue (usually a glycerol molecule).
See Calmodulin and Phospholipid
Phosphorylase kinase
Phosphorylase kinase (PhK) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase which activates glycogen phosphorylase to release glucose-1-phosphate from glycogen.
See Calmodulin and Phosphorylase kinase
Phosphorylation
In biochemistry, phosphorylation is the attachment of a phosphate group to a molecule or an ion. Calmodulin and phosphorylation are cell signaling.
See Calmodulin and Phosphorylation
Pollen tube
A pollen tube is a tubular structure produced by the male gametophyte of seed plants when it germinates.
See Calmodulin and Pollen tube
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
Protein kinase
A protein kinase is a kinase which selectively modifies other proteins by covalently adding phosphates to them (phosphorylation) as opposed to kinases which modify lipids, carbohydrates, or other molecules.
See Calmodulin and Protein kinase
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids.
See Calmodulin and Proteolysis
Pseudomonas syringae
Pseudomonas syringae is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium with polar flagella.
See Calmodulin and Pseudomonas syringae
Rhizobium
Rhizobium is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen.
RNA-binding protein
RNA-binding proteins (often abbreviated as RBPs) are proteins that bind to the double or single stranded RNA in cells and participate in forming ribonucleoprotein complexes.
See Calmodulin and RNA-binding protein
Ryanodine receptor
Ryanodine receptors (RyR for short) form a class of intracellular calcium channels in various forms of excitable animal tissue like muscles and neurons.
See Calmodulin and Ryanodine receptor
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is a membrane-bound structure found within muscle cells that is similar to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in other cells.
See Calmodulin and Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Second messenger system
Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signaling molecules—the first messengers. Calmodulin and Second messenger system are signal transduction.
See Calmodulin and Second messenger system
Sequence motif
In biology, a sequence motif is a nucleotide or amino-acid sequence pattern that is widespread and usually assumed to be related to biological function of the macromolecule.
See Calmodulin and Sequence motif
Short-term memory
Short-term memory (or "primary" or "active memory") is the capacity for holding a small amount of information in an active, readily available state for a short interval.
See Calmodulin and Short-term memory
Signal transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events. Calmodulin and signal transduction are cell signaling.
See Calmodulin and Signal transduction
Smooth muscle
Smooth (soft) muscle is one of the three major types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being skeletal and cardiac muscle.
See Calmodulin and Smooth muscle
Sodium channel
Sodium channels are integral membrane proteins that form ion channels, conducting sodium ions (Na+) through a cell's membrane.
See Calmodulin and Sodium channel
Sorghum
Sorghum bicolor, commonly called sorghum and also known as great millet, broomcorn, guinea corn, durra, imphee, jowar, or milo, is a species in the grass genus Sorghum cultivated for its grain.
Stress (biology)
Stress, whether physiological, biological or psychological, is an organism's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition.
See Calmodulin and Stress (biology)
Tobacco
Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus Nicotiana of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants.
Troponin C
Troponin C is a protein which is part of the troponin complex.
Troponin I
Troponin I is a cardiac and skeletal muscle protein family.
See also
Calcium signaling
- Calcium buffering
- Calcium channels
- Calcium in biology
- Calcium signaling
- Calcium signaling in Arabidopsis
- Calcium-binding protein
- Calmodulin
- Cameleon (protein)
- GCaMP
- Mitochondrial calcium uniporter
- Phosphoinositide phospholipase C
- Regucalcin
References
Also known as CaM, Calcium modulated protein, Calmodulin in Target Binding and Recognition, Calmodulins, Role of Calmodulins.