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95 relations: Base and superstructure, Bounded rationality, Bourgeoisie, Capital (economics), Capital accumulation, Capitalism, Caste, Commerce, Commodity, Commodity (Marxism), Communist state, Competition, Corporation, Craft, Critique of Dialectical Reason, Das Kapital, Depression (economics), Dialectical materialism, Duncan K. Foley, Ernest Mandel, Exchange value, Exploitation of labour, Fascism, Friedrich Engels, Grundrisse, Heroic capitalism, Historical materialism, Historicism, History of capitalism, Immiseration thesis, Industrial Revolution, Industrial society, International Socialist Tendency, Invisible hand, Jean-Paul Sartre, Karl Marx, Labour power, Late capitalism, Law, Law of value, Liberal democracy, Market (economics), Market economy, Marxian economics, Means of production, Merchant capitalism, Mode of production, Nation, Natural Capitalism, Organization, ..., Orthodox Marxism, Outline of industrial organization, Ownership, Peasant, Political economy, Post-industrial society, Power (social and political), Primitive accumulation of capital, Private property, Privatization, Production (economics), Production for use, Profit (accounting), Profit (economics), Proletariat, Putting-out system, Relations of production, Reserve army of labour, Sales, Scientism, Simple commodity production, Social class, Social democracy, Social relation, Social structure, Socialist mode of production, Society, State (polity), State capitalism, State monopoly capitalism, Superprofit, Surplus labour, Surplus product, Surplus value, Technology, The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, Third World, Tribalism, Tsar, Unemployment, Uneven and combined development, Use value, Wage labour, Wage slavery, Working class. Expand index (45 more) »
Base and superstructure
In Marxist theory, human society consists of two parts: the base (or substructure) and superstructure.
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Bounded rationality
Bounded rationality is the idea that when individuals make decisions, their rationality is limited by the tractability of the decision problem, the cognitive limitations of their minds, and the time available to make the decision.
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Bourgeoisie
The bourgeoisie is a polysemous French term that can mean.
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Capital (economics)
In economics, capital consists of an asset that can enhance one's power to perform economically useful work.
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Capital accumulation
Capital accumulation (also termed the accumulation of capital) is the dynamic that motivates the pursuit of profit, involving the investment of money or any financial asset with the goal of increasing the initial monetary value of said asset as a financial return whether in the form of profit, rent, interest, royalties or capital gains.
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Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system based upon private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.
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Caste
Caste is a form of social stratification characterized by endogamy, hereditary transmission of a lifestyle which often includes an occupation, status in a hierarchy, customary social interaction, and exclusion.
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Commerce
Commerce relates to "the exchange of goods and services, especially on a large scale.” Commerce includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural and technological systems that operate in any country or internationally.
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Commodity
In economics, a commodity is an economic good or service that has full or substantial fungibility: that is, the market treats instances of the good as equivalent or nearly so with no regard to who produced them.
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Commodity (Marxism)
In classical political economy and especially Karl Marx's critique of political economy, a commodity is any good or service ("products" or "activities") produced by human labour and offered as a product for general sale on the market.
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Communist state
A Communist state (sometimes referred to as workers' state) is a state that is administered and governed by a single party, guided by Marxist–Leninist philosophy, with the aim of achieving communism.
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Competition
Competition is, in general, a contest or rivalry between two or more entities, organisms, animals, individuals, economic groups or social groups, etc., for territory, a niche, for scarce resources, goods, for mates, for prestige, recognition, for awards, for group or social status, or for leadership and profit.
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Corporation
A corporation is a company or group of people or an organisation authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.
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Craft
A craft or trade is a pastime or a profession that requires particular skills and knowledge of skilled work.
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Critique of Dialectical Reason
Critique of Dialectical Reason (Critique de la raison dialectique) is a 1960 book by the philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre, in which the author further develops the existentialist Marxism he first expounded in his essay Search for a Method (1957).
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Das Kapital
Das Kapital, also known as Capital.
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Depression (economics)
In economics, a depression is a sustained, long-term downturn in economic activity in one or more economies.
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Dialectical materialism
Dialectical materialism (sometimes abbreviated diamat) is a philosophy of science and nature developed in Europe and based on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
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Duncan K. Foley
Duncan K. Foley (born June 15, 1942) is an American economist.
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Ernest Mandel
Ernest Ezra Mandel (also known by various pseudonyms such as Ernest Germain, Pierre Gousset, Henri Vallin, Walter; 5 April 1923 – 20 July 1995), was a Marxist economist and a Trotskyist activist and theorist.
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Exchange value
In political economy and especially Marxian economics, exchange value (German: Tauschwert) refers to one of four major attributes of a commodity, i.e., an item or service produced for, and sold on the market.
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Exploitation of labour
Exploitation of labour is the act of treating one's workers unfairly for one's own benefit.
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Fascism
Fascism is a form of radical authoritarian ultranationalism, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition and control of industry and commerce, which came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe.
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Friedrich Engels
Friedrich Engels (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.;, sometimes anglicised Frederick Engels; 28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895) was a German philosopher, social scientist, journalist and businessman.
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Grundrisse
The Grundrisse der Kritik der Politischen Ökonomie (Fundamentals of Political Economy Criticism) is a lengthy, unfinished manuscript by the German philosopher Karl Marx.
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Heroic capitalism
Heroic capitalism or dynamic capitalism was a concept that Italian Fascism took from Werner Sombart's explanations of capitalist development.
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Historical materialism
Historical materialism is the methodological approach of Marxist historiography that focuses on human societies and their development over time, claiming that they follow a number of observable tendencies.
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Historicism
Historicism is the idea of attributing meaningful significance to space and time, such as historical period, geographical place, and local culture.
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History of capitalism
The history of capitalism has diverse and much debated roots, but fully-fledged capitalism is generally thought to have emerged in north-west Europe, especially in the Low Countries (mainly present-day Flanders and Netherlands) and Britain, in the sixteenth to seventeenth centuries.
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Immiseration thesis
In Marxist theory and Marxian economics, the immiseration thesis (also referred to as emiseration thesis) is derived from Karl Marx's analysis of economic development in capitalism, implying that the nature of capitalist production stabilizes real wages, reducing wage growth relative to total value creation in the economy, leading to worsening alienation in the workplace.
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Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.
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Industrial society
In sociology, industrial society is a society driven by the use of technology to enable mass production, supporting a large population with a high capacity for division of labour.
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International Socialist Tendency
The International Socialist Tendency (IST) is an international grouping of unorthodox Trotskyist organisations espousing the ideas of Tony Cliff (1917-2000), founder of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) in Britain (not to be confused with the unrelated Socialist Workers Party in the United States).
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Invisible hand
The invisible hand is a term used by Adam Smith to describe the unintended social benefits of an individual's self-interested actions.
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Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre (21 June 1905 – 15 April 1980) was a French philosopher, playwright, novelist, political activist, biographer, and literary critic.
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Karl Marx
Karl MarxThe name "Karl Heinrich Marx", used in various lexicons, is based on an error.
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Labour power
Labour power (in German: Arbeitskraft; in French: force de travail) is a key concept used by Karl Marx in his critique of capitalist political economy.
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Late capitalism
"Late capitalism" is a term used by Marxists to refer to capitalism from about 1945 onwards, with the implication that it is due to come to an end.
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Law
Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior.
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Law of value
The law of value (German: Wertgesetz) is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, first expounded in his polemic The Poverty of Philosophy (1847) against Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, with reference to David Ricardo's economics.
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Liberal democracy
Liberal democracy is a liberal political ideology and a form of government in which representative democracy operates under the principles of classical liberalism.
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Market (economics)
A market is one of the many varieties of systems, institutions, procedures, social relations and infrastructures whereby parties engage in exchange.
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Market economy
A market economy is an economic system in which the decisions regarding investment, production, and distribution are guided by the price signals created by the forces of supply and demand.
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Marxian economics
Marxian economics, or the Marxian school of economics, refers to a school of economic thought tracing its foundations to the critique of classical political economy first expounded upon by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
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Means of production
In economics and sociology, the means of production (also called capital goods) are physical non-human and non-financial inputs used in the production of economic value.
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Merchant capitalism
Some Economic historians use the term merchant capitalism to refer to the earliest phase in the development of capitalism as an economic and social system—though others argue that mercantilism, which has flourished widely in the world without the emergence of systems like modern capitalism, is not actually capitalist as such.
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Mode of production
In the writings of Karl Marx and the Marxist theory of historical materialism, a mode of production (in German: Produktionsweise, meaning 'the way of producing') is a specific combination of.
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Nation
A nation is a stable community of people, formed on the basis of a common language, territory, economic life, ethnicity or psychological make-up manifested in a common culture.
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Natural Capitalism
Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution is a 1999 book co-authored by Paul Hawken, Amory Lovins and Hunter Lovins.
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Organization
An organization or organisation is an entity comprising multiple people, such as an institution or an association, that has a collective goal and is linked to an external environment.
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Orthodox Marxism
Orthodox Marxism is the body of Marxist thought that emerged after the death of Karl Marx (1818–1883) and which became the official philosophy of the socialist movement as represented in the Second International until the First World War in 1914.
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Outline of industrial organization
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to industrial organization: Industrial organization – describes the behavior of firms in the marketplace with regard to production, pricing, employment and other decisions.
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Ownership
Ownership is the state or fact of exclusive rights and control over property, which may be an object, land/real estate or intellectual property.
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Peasant
A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or farmer, especially one living in the Middle Ages under feudalism and paying rent, tax, fees or services to a landlord.
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Political economy
Political economy is the study of production and trade and their relations with law, custom and government; and with the distribution of national income and wealth.
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Post-industrial society
In sociology, the post-industrial society is the stage of society's development when the service sector generates more wealth than the manufacturing sector of the economy.
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Power (social and political)
In social science and politics, power is the ability to influence or outright control the behaviour of people.
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Primitive accumulation of capital
In Marxist economics and preceding theories,Perelman, p. 25 (ch. 2) the problem of primitive accumulation (also called previous accumulation, original accumulation) of capital concerns the origin of capital, and therefore of how class distinctions between possessors and non-possessors came to be.
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Private property
Private property is a legal designation for the ownership of property by non-governmental legal entities.
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Privatization
Privatization (also spelled privatisation) is the purchase of all outstanding shares of a publicly traded company by private investors, or the sale of a state-owned enterprise to private investors.
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Production (economics)
Production is a process of combining various material inputs and immaterial inputs (plans, know-how) in order to make something for consumption (the output).
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Production for use
Production for use is a phrase referring to the principle of economic organization and production taken as a defining criterion for a socialist economy.
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Profit (accounting)
Profit, in accounting, is an income distributed to the owner in a profitable market production process (business).
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Profit (economics)
In economics, profit in the accounting sense of the excess of revenue over cost is the sum of two components: normal profit and economic profit.
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Proletariat
The proletariat (from Latin proletarius "producing offspring") is the class of wage-earners in a capitalist society whose only possession of significant material value is their labour-power (their ability to work).
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Putting-out system
The putting-out system is a means of subcontracting work.
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Relations of production
Relations of production (German: Produktionsverhältnisse) is a concept frequently used by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in their theory of historical materialism and in Das Kapital.
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Reserve army of labour
Reserve army of labour is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy.
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Sales
Sales is activity related to selling or the amount of goods or services sold in a given time period.
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Scientism
Scientism is the ideology of science.
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Simple commodity production
Simple commodity production (also known as "petty commodity production"; the German original phrase is einfache Warenproduktion) is a term coined by Frederick Engels to describe productive activities under the conditions of what Marx had called the "simple exchange" of commodities, where independent producers trade their own products.
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Social class
A social class is a set of subjectively defined concepts in the social sciences and political theory centered on models of social stratification in which people are grouped into a set of hierarchical social categories, the most common being the upper, middle and lower classes.
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Social democracy
Social democracy is a political, social and economic ideology that supports economic and social interventions to promote social justice within the framework of a liberal democratic polity and capitalist economy.
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Social relation
In social science, a social relation or social interaction is any relationship between two or more individuals.
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Social structure
In the social sciences, social structure is the patterned social arrangements in society that are both emergent from and determinant of the actions of the individuals.
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Socialist mode of production
In Marxist theory, socialism (also called the socialist mode of production) refers to a specific historical phase of economic development and its corresponding set of social relations that supersede capitalism in the schema of historical materialism.
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Society
A society is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same geographical or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
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State (polity)
A state is a compulsory political organization with a centralized government that maintains a monopoly of the legitimate use of force within a certain geographical territory.
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State capitalism
State capitalism is an economic system in which the state undertakes commercial (i.e. for-profit) economic activity and where the means of production are organized and managed as state-owned business enterprises (including the processes of capital accumulation, wage labor and centralized management), or where there is otherwise a dominance of corporatized government agencies (agencies organized along business-management practices) or of publicly listed corporations in which the state has controlling shares.
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State monopoly capitalism
The theory of state monopoly capitalism (also referred as stamocap) was initially a Marxist doctrine popularised after World War II.
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Superprofit
Superprofit (or surplus profit or extra surplus-value; in German: extra-Mehrwert), is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, subsequently elaborated by Lenin and other Marxist thinkers.
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Surplus labour
Surplus labour (German: Mehrarbeit) is a concept used by Karl Marx in his critique of political economy.
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Surplus product
Surplus product (German: Mehrprodukt) is an economic concept explicitly theorised by Karl Marx in his critique of political economy.
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Surplus value
Surplus value is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy.
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Technology
Technology ("science of craft", from Greek τέχνη, techne, "art, skill, cunning of hand"; and -λογία, -logia) is first robustly defined by Jacob Bigelow in 1829 as: "...principles, processes, and nomenclatures of the more conspicuous arts, particularly those which involve applications of science, and which may be considered useful, by promoting the benefit of society, together with the emolument of those who pursue them".
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The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics
The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics (2008), 2nd ed., is an eight-volume reference work on economics, edited by Steven N. Durlauf and Lawrence E. Blume and published by Palgrave Macmillan.
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Third World
The term "Third World" arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either NATO or the Communist Bloc.
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Tribalism
Tribalism is the state of being organized by, or advocating for, tribes or tribal lifestyles.
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Tsar
Tsar (Old Bulgarian / Old Church Slavonic: ц︢рь or цар, цaрь), also spelled csar, or czar, is a title used to designate East and South Slavic monarchs or supreme rulers of Eastern Europe.
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Unemployment
Unemployment is the situation of actively looking for employment but not being currently employed.
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Uneven and combined development
Uneven and combined development (or unequal and combined development) is a Marxist concept to describe the overall dynamics of human history.
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Use value
Use value (German: Gebrauchswert) or value in use is the utility of consuming a good—the want-satisfying power of a good or service in classical political economy.
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Wage labour
Wage labour (also wage labor in American English) is the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer, where the worker sells his or her labour under a formal or informal employment contract.
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Wage slavery
Wage slavery is a term used to draw an analogy between slavery and wage labor by focusing on similarities between owning and renting a person.
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Working class
The working class (also labouring class) are the people employed for wages, especially in manual-labour occupations and industrial work.
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Capitalism (Marxism), Marxian view on capitalism.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalist_mode_of_production_(Marxist_theory)
