Communication

356 relations: Academic institution, Aci Bonaccorsi, Aci Castello, Aci Catena, Aci Sant'Antonio, Acireale, Acqua Fuori Dal Ring, Adelaide, Adrano, Aetna (city), Agatha of Sicily, Agathocles, Aghlabids, Alfonso V of Aragon, Allies of World War II, Amatori Catania, Amphitheatre of Catania, Amusement park, Ancient Corinth, Ancient Greece, Ancient history, Ancient monument, Ancient Rome, Annunciation, Antenna Sicilia, Anthony the Great, Arabic, Arancini, Architecture, Aristotle, AS Orizzonte Catania, Aswan, Athena, Augustine of Hippo, Augustus, Ausonius, Australia, Baroque architecture, Basilica, Basilica della Collegiata, Basilica della Santa Casa, Basketball, Belpasso, Benedict of Nursia, Biancavilla, Birth rate, Blood orange, Boeotia, Bronte, Sicily, Byzantine architecture, ..., Byzantine Empire, Calcio Catania, Callippus of Syracuse, Camillus de Lellis, Campania, Camporotondo Etneo, Canada, Capetian House of Anjou, Carmen Consoli, Carthage, Cassius Dio, Castello Ursino, Catacombs, Catania Cathedral, Catania Centrale railway station, Catania Elephants, Catania Jazz Festival, Catania Metro, Catania–Fontanarossa Airport, Centuripe, Chalcis, Chapel, Charondas, Chief magistrate, Christ Child, Cicero, Citrus, Clare of Assisi, Classical Athens, Claudian, Colonia (Roman), Colonies in antiquity, Commonwealth of Nations, Convent of San Plácido (Madrid), Crown of Aragon, Crucifer, Culture, Cyclops, Denis, Diodorus Siculus, Dionysius I of Syracuse, Divine grace, Divine providence, Dominican Order, Ducetius, Dwarf elephant, Earthquake, Eighth Army (United Kingdom), Eleanor of Sicily, Emirate of Sicily, Ettore Majorana, Ettore Messina, Euplius of Catania, Europe, Expedition of the Thousand, Fascist architecture, Federico De Roberto, Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, Ferrovia Circumetnea, Festival of Saint Agatha (Catania), Fiera Milano, First Punic War, Football team, Forum (Roman), Forza Italia, Forza Italia (2013), France, Francesco Longo Mancini, Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía, Francis of Assisi, Francis of Paola, Franciscans, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, Gaius Julius Hyginus, Gaius Julius Solinus, Gastronomy, Gela, Genseric, Giardino Bellini, Giarre, Giovanni Battista Vaccarini, Giovanni Pacini, Giovanni Verga, Giuseppa Bolognara Calcagno, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Granita, Gravina di Catania, Greece, Grenoble, Heliodorus of Catania, Hellenization, Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, Hiero I of Syracuse, Himilco (general), History, Holy city, Hong Kong Observatory, Hospitality industry, Hypogeum, Immaculate Conception, In Verrem, Independent music, Indie pop, Indie rock, Indigenous peoples, International airport, Ionian Sea, Italian Football League, Italian National Institute of Statistics, Italian unification, Italians, Italo-Norman, Italy, Jesus, John the Baptist, Julian the Hospitaller, Köppen climate classification, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, La Sicilia, Latin literature, Lava, Legume, Lentil, Lentini, Leptines of Syracuse, List of Greek place names, List of literary movements, List of major opera composers, Livy, Local government, Lucilia (gens), Luigi Capuana, Lupinus, Madonna (art), Magna Graecia, Mago (fleet commander), Manius Valerius Maximus Corvinus Messalla, Maria Carolina of Austria, Marina, Mario Venuti, Maritime Quarter, Martha, Mary Help of Christians, Mary, mother of Jesus, Mascalucia, Massimiliano Fuksas, Medication, Mediterranean climate, Messina, Metres above sea level, Metropolitan City of Catania, Michael (archangel), Mineralogy, Minerva, Miriam Leone, Misterbianco, Monastery of San Nicolò l'Arena, Motta Sant'Anastasia, Mount Carmel, Mount Etna, Narrow-gauge railway, Nasal cavity, Naturalism (literature), Naxos (Sicily), Nicolosi, Nino Martoglio, Oświęcim, Oikistes, Ontario, Opera, Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, Ordo urbium nobilium, Oriana Bandiera, Orto Botanico dell'Università di Catania, Ostrogoths, Othenio Abel, Ottawa, Our Lady of La Salette, Palaeoloxodon falconeri, Palazzo Biscari, Palazzo degli Elefanti, Palazzo Tezzano, Paleolithic, Paleontology, Palermo, Pasta alla Norma, Paternò, Patron saint, Pausanias (geographer), Pedara, Peloponnese, Peloponnesian War, Peter III of Aragon, Petrochemical industry, Philip Neri, Phoenix, Arizona, Piermaria Siciliano, Pindar, Pliny the Elder, Plutarch, Poland, Poor Clares, Popular music, Population decline, Province of Catania, Pyrrhus of Epirus, Ragalna, Randazzo, Rapid transit, Record label, Recorded history, Renaissance, Ricotta, Riposto, Roger I of Sicily, Roman Empire, Roman Republic, Rugby union, Sacred Heart, Saint Anne, Saint Blaise, Saint Christopher, Saint Dominic, Saint George, Saint Nicholas, Saint Sebastian, Saint Ursula, Saints Cosmas and Damian, San Giovanni la Punta, San Gregorio di Catania, San Pietro Clarenza, Sant'Agata li Battiati, Santa Maria di Licodia, Santa Venerina, Satellite town, Scuola superiore di Catania, Scylax of Caryanda, Scymnus, Sextus Pompey, Sicels, Sicilian Baroque, Sicilian Expedition, Sicilian language, Sicilian Mafia, Sicilian Vespers, Sicily, Silius Italicus, Silk, Simeto, Sister city, Skull, Society of Jesus, South Asia, Southern Italy, Stefano Ittar, Stephanus of Byzantium, Stesichorus, STMicroelectronics, Strabo, Sub-Saharan Africa, Subterranean river, Suda, Sulfur, Syracuse, Sicily, Taormina, Teatro Massimo Bellini, Television channel, Teresa of Ávila, Thrasybulus of Syracuse, Thucydides, Timoleon, Tourism, Train station, Trecastagni, Tremestieri Etneo, Trinity, Triumphal arch, Types of volcanic eruptions, Ukraine, UNESCO, University of Catania, Uzeda, Val di Noto, Valerius Maximus, Valverde, Sicily, Vandals, Velia, Verismo (music), Viagrande, Vicia faba, Vincenzo Bellini, Virgin of Montserrat, Visitation (Christianity), Vitus, Volcanology, War grave, War of the Sicilian Vespers, Water polo, World Heritage site, World War I, World War II, Xenophanes, Zafferana Etnea, 1169 Sicily earthquake, 1693 Sicily earthquake, 1993 Rugby World Cup Sevens. 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Academic institution

Academic institution is an educational institution dedicated to education and research, which grants academic degrees.

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Aci Bonaccorsi

Aci Bonaccorsi (Sicilian: Jaci Bonaccossi) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northeast of Catania.

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Aci Castello

Aci Castello (Sicilian: Jaci Casteḍḍu) is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Catania in Sicily, Italy.

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Aci Catena

Aci Catena (Sicilian: Jaci Catina) is a town and comune in Metropolitan City of Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Aci Sant'Antonio

Aci Sant'Antonio (Sicilian: Jaci Sant'Antoniu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region of Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northeast of Catania.

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Acireale

Acireale (Sicilian: Jaciriali; locally shortened to Jaci or Aci) is a coastal city and comune in the north-east of the Metropolitan City of Catania, Sicily, southern Italy, at the foot of Mount Etna, on the coast facing the Ionian Sea.

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Acqua Fuori Dal Ring

Acqua Fuori Dal Ring (English: Ring of Water is 2012 Italian film written and directed by Joel Stangle, and co-written by Esther Stangle in Arabic and Italian. The film uses a largely Cinéma vérité style, and the director employed non-professional actors and an improvised script, shooting in Catania, Sicily. The film parallels the lives of two boxers living in Catania, one a Sicilian native, and the other a Tunisian migrant.

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Adelaide

Adelaide is the capital city of the state of South Australia, and the fifth-most populous city of Australia.

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Adrano

Adrano (Adranu), ancient Adranon, is a town and comune in the province of Catania on the east coast of Sicily.

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Aetna (city)

Aetna (Ancient Greek: Αἴτνη, Aítnē), was an ancient city of Sicily, situated at the foot of the mountain of the same name, on its southern declivity.

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Agatha of Sicily

Saint Agatha of Sicily (c. 231 – c. 251 AD) is a Christian saint and virgin martyr.

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Agathocles

Agathocles (Greek: Ἀγαθοκλῆς) is a Greek name, the most famous of which is Agathocles of Syracuse, the tyrant of Syracuse.

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Aghlabids

The Aghlabids (الأغالبة) were an Arab dynasty of emirs from Banu Tamim, who ruled Ifriqiya, nominally on behalf of the Abbasid Caliph, for about a century, until overthrown by the new power of the Fatimids.

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Alfonso V of Aragon

Alfonso the Magnanimous KG (also Alphonso; Alfons; 1396 – 27 June 1458) was the King of Aragon (as Alfonso V), Valencia (as Alfonso III), Majorca, Sardinia and Corsica (as Alfonso II), Sicily (as Alfonso I) and Count of Barcelona (as Alfonso IV) from 1416, and King of Naples (as Alfonso I) from 1442 until his death.

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Allies of World War II

The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939–1945).

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Amatori Catania

Amatori Catania is an Italian rugby union club who got relegated from the National Championship of Excellence.

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Amphitheatre of Catania

The Roman Amphitheatre of Catania was an imposing structure built in the Roman Imperial period, probably in the 2nd century AD, on the northern edge of the ancient city at the base of the Montevergine hill.

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Amusement park

An amusement park is a park that features various attractions, such as rides and games, as well as other events for entertainment purposes.

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Ancient Corinth

Corinth (Κόρινθος Kórinthos) was a city-state (polis) on the Isthmus of Corinth, the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnese to the mainland of Greece, roughly halfway between Athens and Sparta.

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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).

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Ancient history

Ancient history is the aggregate of past events, "History" from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the post-classical history.

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Ancient monument

In British law, an ancient monument is an early historical structure or monument (e.g. an archaeological site) worthy of preservation and study due to archaeological or heritage interest.

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Ancient Rome

In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.

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Annunciation

The Annunciation (from Latin annuntiatio), also referred to as the Annunciation to the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Annunciation of Our Lady, or the Annunciation of the Lord, is the Christian celebration of the announcement by the angel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary that she would conceive and become the mother of Jesus, the Son of God, marking his Incarnation.

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Antenna Sicilia

Antenna Sicilia is a regional Italian television station own and operated by La Sicilia, a daily newspaper for the island of Sicily.

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Anthony the Great

Saint Anthony or Antony (Ἀντώνιος Antṓnios; Antonius); January 12, 251 – January 17, 356) was a Christian monk from Egypt, revered since his death as a saint. He is distinguished from other saints named Anthony such as, by various epithets of his own:,, and For his importance among the Desert Fathers and to all later Christian monasticism, he is also known as the. His feast day is celebrated on January 17 among the Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches and on Tobi 22 in the Egyptian calendar used by the Coptic Church. The biography of Anthony's life by Athanasius of Alexandria helped to spread the concept of Christian monasticism, particularly in Western Europe via its Latin translations. He is often erroneously considered the first Christian monk, but as his biography and other sources make clear, there were many ascetics before him. Anthony was, however, the first to go into the wilderness (about 270), which seems to have contributed to his renown. Accounts of Anthony enduring supernatural temptation during his sojourn in the Eastern Desert of Egypt inspired the often-repeated subject of the temptation of St. Anthony in Western art and literature. Anthony is appealed to against infectious diseases, particularly skin diseases. In the past, many such afflictions, including ergotism, erysipelas, and shingles, were referred to as St. Anthony's fire.

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Arabic

Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.

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Arancini

Arancini (Italian and Sicilian plural; in the singular, arancino, arancinu or arancina) are stuffed rice balls which are coated with bread crumbs and then deep fried.

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Architecture

Architecture is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings or any other structures.

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Aristotle

Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs,; 384–322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidiki, in the north of Classical Greece.

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AS Orizzonte Catania

Associazione Sportiva Orizzonte Catania Waterpolo, also known as Ekipe Orizzonte for sponsorship reasons, is an Italian women's water polo club from Catania.

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Aswan

Aswan (أسوان; ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲛ) is a city in the south of Egypt, the capital of the Aswan Governorate.

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Athena

Athena; Attic Greek: Ἀθηνᾶ, Athēnā, or Ἀθηναία, Athēnaia; Epic: Ἀθηναίη, Athēnaiē; Doric: Ἀθάνα, Athānā or Athene,; Ionic: Ἀθήνη, Athēnē often given the epithet Pallas,; Παλλὰς is the ancient Greek goddess of wisdom, handicraft, and warfare, who was later syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva.

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Augustine of Hippo

Saint Augustine of Hippo (13 November 354 – 28 August 430) was a Roman African, early Christian theologian and philosopher from Numidia whose writings influenced the development of Western Christianity and Western philosophy.

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Augustus

Augustus (Augustus; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August 14 AD) was a Roman statesman and military leader who was the first Emperor of the Roman Empire, controlling Imperial Rome from 27 BC until his death in AD 14.

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Ausonius

Decimus or Decimius Magnus Ausonius (– c. 395) was a Roman poet and teacher of rhetoric from Burdigala in Aquitaine, modern Bordeaux, France.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Baroque architecture

Baroque architecture is the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late 16th-century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church.

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Basilica

A basilica is a type of building, usually a church, that is typically rectangular with a central nave and aisles, usually with a slightly raised platform and an apse at one or both ends.

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Basilica della Collegiata

The Basilica della Collegiata (also known as Santa Maria dell'Elemosina) is a church in Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Basilica della Santa Casa

The Basilica della Santa Casa (Basilica of the Holy House) is a shrine of Marian pilgrimage in Loreto, Italy.

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Basketball

Basketball is a team sport played on a rectangular court.

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Belpasso

Belpasso (Belpassu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northwest of Catania.

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Benedict of Nursia

Benedict of Nursia (Benedictus Nursiae; Benedetto da Norcia; Vulgar Latin: *Benedecto; Benedikt; 2 March 480 – 543 or 547 AD) is a Christian saint, who is venerated in the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Oriental Orthodox Churches, the Anglican Communion and Old Catholic Churches.

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Biancavilla

Biancavilla is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Birth rate

The birth rate (technically, births/population rate) is the total number of live births per 1,000 in a population in a year or period.

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Blood orange

The blood orange is a variety of orange (''Citrus'' × ''sinensis'') with crimson, almost blood-colored flesh.

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Boeotia

Boeotia, sometimes alternatively Latinised as Boiotia, or Beotia (Βοιωτία,,; modern transliteration Voiotía, also Viotía, formerly Cadmeis), is one of the regional units of Greece.

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Bronte, Sicily

Bronte is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Catania, in Sicily, southern Italy.

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Byzantine architecture

Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine Empire, also known as the Later Roman or Eastern Roman Empire.

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Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium).

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Calcio Catania

Calcio Catania is an Italian football club founded in 1908 and based in Catania, Sicily.

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Callippus of Syracuse

Callippus (Κάλλιππος Συρακούσιος) was a tyrant of Syracuse who ruled briefly for thirteen monthsSmith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, p. 574 from 354 to 352 BC.

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Camillus de Lellis

Saint Camillus de Lellis, M.I., (25 May 1550 – 14 July 1614) was a Roman Catholic priest from Italy who founded a religious order dedicated to the care of the sick.

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Campania

Campania is a region in Southern Italy.

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Camporotondo Etneo

Camporotondo Etneo (Campurutunnu Etneu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northwest of Catania.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Capetian House of Anjou

The Capetian House of Anjou was a royal house and cadet branch of the direct French House of Capet, part of the Capetian dynasty.

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Carmen Consoli

Carmen Consoli (born 4 September 1974 in Catania) is an Italian singer-songwriter.

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Carthage

Carthage (from Carthago; Punic:, Qart-ḥadašt, "New City") was the center or capital city of the ancient Carthaginian civilization, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now the Tunis Governorate in Tunisia.

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Cassius Dio

Cassius Dio or Dio Cassius (c. 155 – c. 235) was a Roman statesman and historian of Greek origin.

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Castello Ursino

Castello Ursino (lit), also known as Castello Svevo di Catania, is a castle in Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Catacombs

Catacombs are human-made subterranean passageways for religious practice.

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Catania Cathedral

Catania Cathedral (Duomo di Catania; Cattedrale di Sant'Agata), dedicated to Saint Agatha, is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Catania Centrale railway station

Catania Centrale is the main railway station of the Italian city of Catania, in Sicily.

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Catania Elephants

The Catania Elephants are a professional American football team in Catania, Italy.

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Catania Jazz Festival

The Catania Jazz Festival is a jazz festival in Catania, Sicily, Italy.

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Catania Metro

The Catania Metro (Metropolitana di Catania) is a classical metro system serving the city of Catania, Sicily, in southern Italy.

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Catania–Fontanarossa Airport

Catania–Fontanarossa Airport (aeroporto internazionale Vincenzo Bellini di Catania-Fontanarossa, English: Catania International Airport) also named as Vincenzo Bellini Airport, is an international airport southwest of Catania, the second largest city on the Italian island of Sicily.

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Centuripe

Centuripe (Latin: Centuripae; Sicilian: Centorbi) is a town and comune in the province of Enna (Sicily, southern Italy).

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Chalcis

Chalcis (Ancient Greek & Katharevousa: Χαλκίς, Chalkís) or Chalkida (Modern Χαλκίδα) is the chief town of the island of Euboea in Greece, situated on the Euripus Strait at its narrowest point.

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Chapel

The term chapel usually refers to a Christian place of prayer and worship that is attached to a larger, often nonreligious institution or that is considered an extension of a primary religious institution.

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Charondas

Charondas (Χαρώνδας) was a celebrated lawgiver of Catania in Sicily.

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Chief magistrate

Chief magistrate is a public official, executive or judicial, whose office is the highest in its class.

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Christ Child

The Christ Child, also known as Divine Infant, Baby Jesus, Infant Jesus, Child Jesus, the Holy Child, and Santo Niño, refers to Jesus Christ from his nativity to age 12.

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Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, orator, lawyer and philosopher, who served as consul in the year 63 BC.

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Citrus

Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae.

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Clare of Assisi

Saint Clare of Assisi (July 16, 1194 – August 11, 1253, born Chiara Offreduccio and sometimes spelled Clair, Claire, etc.) is an Italian saint and one of the first followers of Saint Francis of Assisi.

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Classical Athens

The city of Athens (Ἀθῆναι, Athênai a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯; Modern Greek: Ἀθῆναι, Athínai) during the classical period of Ancient Greece (508–322 BC) was the major urban center of the notable polis (city-state) of the same name, located in Attica, Greece, leading the Delian League in the Peloponnesian War against Sparta and the Peloponnesian League.

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Claudian

Claudius Claudianus, usually known in English as Claudian (c. 370 – c. 404 AD), was a Latin poet associated with the court of the emperor Honorius at Mediolanum (Milan), and particularly with the general Stilicho.

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Colonia (Roman)

A Roman colonia (plural coloniae) was originally a Roman outpost established in conquered territory to secure it.

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Colonies in antiquity

Colonies in antiquity were city-states founded from a mother-city (its "metropolis"), not from a territory-at-large.

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Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth of Nations, often known as simply the Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire.

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Convent of San Plácido (Madrid)

The Convent of San Plácido (Spanish: Convento de San Plácido) is a convent located in Madrid, Spain.

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Crown of Aragon

The Crown of Aragon (Corona d'Aragón, Corona d'Aragó, Corona de Aragón),Corona d'AragónCorona AragonumCorona de Aragón) also referred by some modern historians as Catalanoaragonese Crown (Corona catalanoaragonesa) or Catalan-Aragonese Confederation (Confederació catalanoaragonesa) was a composite monarchy, also nowadays referred to as a confederation of individual polities or kingdoms ruled by one king, with a personal and dynastic union of the Kingdom of Aragon and the County of Barcelona. At the height of its power in the 14th and 15th centuries, the Crown of Aragon was a thalassocracy (a state with primarily maritime realms) controlling a large portion of present-day eastern Spain, parts of what is now southern France, and a Mediterranean "empire" which included the Balearic Islands, Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, Malta, Southern Italy (from 1442) and parts of Greece (until 1388). The component realms of the Crown were not united politically except at the level of the king, who ruled over each autonomous polity according to its own laws, raising funds under each tax structure, dealing separately with each Corts or Cortes. Put in contemporary terms, it has sometimes been considered that the different lands of the Crown of Aragon (mainly the Kingdom of Aragon, the Principality of Catalonia and the Kingdom of Valencia) functioned more as a confederation than as a single kingdom. In this sense, the larger Crown of Aragon must not be confused with one of its constituent parts, the Kingdom of Aragon, from which it takes its name. In 1469, a new dynastic familial union of the Crown of Aragon with the Crown of Castile by the Catholic Monarchs, joining what contemporaries referred to as "the Spains" led to what would become the Kingdom of Spain under King Philip II. The Crown existed until it was abolished by the Nueva Planta decrees issued by King Philip V in 1716 as a consequence of the defeat of Archduke Charles (as Charles III of Aragon) in the War of the Spanish Succession.

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Crucifer

A crucifer is, in some Christian churches (particularly the Roman Catholic Church, Anglican Communion, Lutherans, and United Methodist Church), a person carrying a cross or crucifix.

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Culture

Culture is the social behavior and norms found in human societies.

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Cyclops

A cyclops (Κύκλωψ, Kyklōps; plural cyclopes; Κύκλωπες, Kyklōpes), in Greek mythology and later Roman mythology, is a member of a primordial race of giants, each with a single eye in the center of his forehead.

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Denis

Saint Denis was a legendary 3rd-century Christian martyr and saint.

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Diodorus Siculus

Diodorus Siculus (Διόδωρος Σικελιώτης Diodoros Sikeliotes) (1st century BC) or Diodorus of Sicily was a Greek historian.

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Dionysius I of Syracuse

Dionysius I or Dionysius the Elder (Διονύσιος ὁ Πρεσβύτερος; c. 432367 BC) was a Greek tyrant of Syracuse, in what is now Sicily, southern Italy.

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Divine grace

Divine grace is a theological term present in many religions.

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Divine providence

In theology, divine providence, or just providence, is God's intervention in the universe.

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Dominican Order

The Order of Preachers (Ordo Praedicatorum, postnominal abbreviation OP), also known as the Dominican Order, is a mendicant Catholic religious order founded by the Spanish priest Dominic of Caleruega in France, approved by Pope Honorius III via the Papal bull Religiosam vitam on 22 December 1216.

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Ducetius

Ducetius (died 440 BCE) was a Hellenized leader of the Sicels and founder of a united Sicilian state and numerous cities.

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Dwarf elephant

Dwarf elephants are prehistoric members of the order Proboscidea which, through the process of allopatric speciation on islands, evolved much smaller body sizes (around 1.5-2.3 metres) in comparison with their immediate ancestors.

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Earthquake

An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.

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Eighth Army (United Kingdom)

The Eighth Army was a field army formation of the British Army during the Second World War, fighting in the North African and Italian campaigns.

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Eleanor of Sicily

Eleanor of Sicily (1325–1375) was Queen of Aragon from 1349 until 1375 as the third wife of King Peter IV.

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Emirate of Sicily

The Emirate of Sicily (إِمَارَةُ صِقِلِّيَة) was an emirate on the island of Sicily which existed from 831 to 1091.

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Ettore Majorana

Ettore Majorana (born on 5 August 1906 – probably died after 1959) was an Italian theoretical physicist who worked on neutrino masses.

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Ettore Messina

Ettore Messina (born 30 September 1959) is an Italian professional basketball coach who is currently an assistant coach for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA).

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Euplius of Catania

Saint Euplius (Euplus) (Sant' Euplo, Sant' Euplio, ἅγιος Εὖπλος) (d. ca. AD 304) is venerated as a martyr and saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Expedition of the Thousand

The Expedition of the Thousand (Italian Spedizione dei Mille) was an event of the Italian Risorgimento that took place in 1860.

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Fascist architecture

Fascist architecture is a style of architecture developed by architects of fascist societies in the early 20th century.

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Federico De Roberto

Federico De Roberto (16 January 1861 Naples – 26 July 1927 Catania) was an Italian writer, who became well known for his novel I Viceré (1894), translated as The Viceroys.

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Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies

Ferdinand I (12 January 1751 – 4 January 1825), was the King of the Two Sicilies from 1816, after his restoration following victory in the Napoleonic Wars.

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Ferrovia Circumetnea

The Ferrovia Circumetnea (roughly translated as "Round-Etna Railway") is a narrow-gauge,, regional railway line in Sicily.

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Festival of Saint Agatha (Catania)

The Festival of Saint Agatha is the most important religious festival of Catania, Sicily.

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Fiera Milano

Fiera Milano SpA is a trade fair and exhibition organiser headquartered in Milan, Italy.

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First Punic War

The First Punic War (264 to 241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Ancient Carthage and the Roman Republic, the two great powers of the Western Mediterranean.

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Football team

A football team is a group of players selected to play together in the various team sports known as football.

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Forum (Roman)

A forum (Latin forum "public place outdoors", plural fora; English plural either fora or forums) was a public square in a Roman municipium, or any civitas, reserved primarily for the vending of goods; i.e., a marketplace, along with the buildings used for shops and the stoas used for open stalls.

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Forza Italia

Forza ItaliaThe name is not usually translated into English: forza is the second-person singular imperative of ''forzare'', in this case translating to "to compel" or "to press", and so means something like "Forward, Italy", "Come on, Italy" or "Go, Italy!".

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Forza Italia (2013)

Forza ItaliaThe name is not usually translated into English: forza is the second-person singular imperative of ''forzare'', in this case translating to "to compel" or "to press", and so means something like "Forward, Italy", "Come on, Italy" or "Go, Italy!".

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Francesco Longo Mancini

Francesco Longo Mancini (1880–1954) was an Italian painter of the early 20th century who was known for his paintings of nudes.

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Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía

Saint Francis Borgia, S.J., 4th Duke of Gandía (Valencian: Francesc de Borja, Francisco de Borja) (28 October 1510 – 30 September 1572) was a great-grandson of Pope Alexander VI, a Grandee of Spain, a Spanish Jesuit, and third Superior General of the Society of Jesus.

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Francis of Assisi

Saint Francis of Assisi (San Francesco d'Assisi), born Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, informally named as Francesco (1181/11823 October 1226), was an Italian Catholic friar, deacon and preacher.

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Francis of Paola

Saint Francis of Paola, O.M. (or: Francesco di Paola or Saint Francis the Fire Handler; 27 March 1416 – 2 April 1507) was an Italian mendicant friar and the founder of the Roman Catholic Order of Minims.

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Franciscans

The Franciscans are a group of related mendicant religious orders within the Catholic Church, founded in 1209 by Saint Francis of Assisi.

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Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250; Fidiricu, Federico, Friedrich) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225.

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Gaius Julius Hyginus

Gaius Julius Hyginus (64 BC – AD 17) was a Latin author, a pupil of the famous Cornelius Alexander Polyhistor, and a freedman of Caesar Augustus.

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Gaius Julius Solinus

Gaius Julius Solinus, Latin grammarian and compiler, probably flourished in the early 3rd century.

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Gastronomy

Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between food and culture, the art of preparing and serving rich or delicate and appetizing food, the cooking styles of particular regions, and the science of good eating.

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Gela

Gela (Γέλα), is a city and comune in the Autonomous Region of Sicily, the largest for area and population in the island's southern coast.

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Genseric

Genseric (c. 400 – 25 January 477), also known as Gaiseric or Geiseric (Gaisericus; reconstructed Vandalic: *Gaisarīks), was King of the Vandals and Alans (428–477) who established the Vandal Kingdom and was one of the key players in the troubles of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century.

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Giardino Bellini

The Giardino Bellini (also known as Villa Bellini; English translation: "Bellini Garden") is the oldest urban park of Catania.

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Giarre

Giarre (Giarri) is an Italian town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Catania, on the east coast of Sicily, southern Italy.

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Giovanni Battista Vaccarini

Giovanni Battista Vaccarini (3 February 1702 – 11 March 1768) was an Italian architect, notable for his work in the Sicilian Baroque style in his homeland during the period of massive rebuilding following the earthquake of 1693.

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Giovanni Pacini

Giovanni Pacini (17 February 17966 December 1867) was an Italian composer, best known for his operas.

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Giovanni Verga

Giovanni Carmelo Verga (2 September 1840 – 27 January 1922) was an Italian realist (Verismo) writer, best known for his depictions of life in his native Sicily, especially the short story (and later play) "Cavalleria rusticana" and the novel I Malavoglia (The House by the Medlar Tree).

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Giuseppa Bolognara Calcagno

Giuseppa Bolognara Calcagno, better known as Peppa la cannoniera (Josie the Cannoneer), in Sicilian: Peppa a cannunera, (Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto, 1826–1884), was an Italian patriot.

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Giuseppe Garibaldi

Giuseppe Garibaldi; 4 July 1807 – 2 June 1882) was an Italian general, politician and nationalist. He is considered one of the greatest generals of modern times and one of Italy's "fathers of the fatherland" along with Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II of Italy and Giuseppe Mazzini. Garibaldi has been called the "Hero of the Two Worlds" because of his military enterprises in Brazil, Uruguay and Europe. He personally commanded and fought in many military campaigns that led eventually to the Italian unification. Garibaldi was appointed general by the provisional government of Milan in 1848, General of the Roman Republic in 1849 by the Minister of War, and led the Expedition of the Thousand on behalf and with the consent of Victor Emmanuel II. His last military campaign took place during the Franco-Prussian War as commander of the Army of the Vosges. Garibaldi was very popular in Italy and abroad, aided by exceptional international media coverage at the time. Many of the greatest intellectuals of his time, such as Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, and George Sand, showered him with admiration. The United Kingdom and the United States helped him a great deal, offering him financial and military support in difficult circumstances. In the popular telling of his story, he is associated with the red shirts worn by his volunteers, the Garibaldini, in lieu of a uniform.

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Granita

Granita (in Italian also granita siciliana) is a semi-frozen dessert made from sugar, water and various flavorings.

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Gravina di Catania

Gravina di Catania is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about north of Catania.

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Greece

No description.

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Grenoble

Grenoble is a city in southeastern France, at the foot of the French Alps where the river Drac joins the Isère.

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Heliodorus of Catania

Heliodorus of Catania (Eliodoro,; died Catania, 778) is a semi-legendary personage accused by his contemporaries of being a necromancer practicing witchcraft.

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Hellenization

Hellenization or Hellenisation is the historical spread of ancient Greek culture, religion and, to a lesser extent, language, over foreign peoples conquered by Greeks or brought into their sphere of influence, particularly during the Hellenistic period following the campaigns of Alexander the Great in the fourth century BC.

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Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor

Henry VI (Heinrich VI) (November 1165 – 28 September 1197), a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was King of Germany (King of the Romans) from 1190 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1191 until his death.

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Hiero I of Syracuse

Hieron I (Ἱέρων Α΄; usually Latinized Hiero) was the son of Deinomenes, the brother of Gelon and tyrant of Syracuse in Sicily from 478 to 467 BC.

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Himilco (general)

Himilco (died 396 BC) was a member of the Magonids, a Carthaginian family of hereditary generals, and had command over the Carthaginian forces between 406 BC and 397 BC.

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History

History (from Greek ἱστορία, historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the study of the past as it is described in written documents.

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Holy city

Holy city is a term applied to many cities, all of them central to the history or faith of specific religions.

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Hong Kong Observatory

The Hong Kong Observatory is a weather forecast agency of the government of Hong Kong.

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Hospitality industry

The hospitality industry is a broad category of fields within the service industry that includes lodging, event planning, theme parks, transportation, cruise line, and additional fields within the tourism industry.

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Hypogeum

Hypogeum or hypogaeum (plural hypogea or hypogaea which is commonly seen) literally means "underground", from Greek hypo (under) and gaia (mother earth or goddess of earth).

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Immaculate Conception

The Immaculate Conception is the conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary free from original sin by virtue of the merits of her son Jesus Christ.

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In Verrem

In Verrem ("Against Verres") is a series of speeches made by Cicero in 70 BC, during the corruption and extortion trial of Gaius Verres, the former governor of Sicily.

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Independent music

Independent music (often referred to as indie music or indie) is music produced independently from commercial record labels or their subsidiaries, a process that may include an autonomous, do-it-yourself approach to recording and publishing.

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Indie pop

Indie pop (also typeset as indie-pop or indiepop) is a music genre and subculture that combines guitar pop with DIY ethic in opposition to the style and tone of mainstream pop music.

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Indie rock

Indie rock is a genre of rock music that originated in the United Kingdom in the 1970s.

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Indigenous peoples

Indigenous peoples, also known as first peoples, aboriginal peoples or native peoples, are ethnic groups who are the pre-colonial original inhabitants of a given region, in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied or colonized the area more recently.

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International airport

An international airport is an airport that offers customs and immigration facilities for passengers travelling between countries.

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Ionian Sea

The Ionian Sea (Ιόνιο Πέλαγος,, Mar Ionio,, Deti Jon) is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea.

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Italian Football League

Italian Football League (IFL) is an American football league in Italy.

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Italian National Institute of Statistics

The Italian National Institute of Statistics (Italian: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica; Istat) is the main producer of official statistics in Italy.

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Italian unification

Italian unification (Unità d'Italia), or the Risorgimento (meaning "the Resurgence" or "revival"), was the political and social movement that consolidated different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of the Kingdom of Italy in the 19th century.

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Italians

The Italians (Italiani) are a Latin European ethnic group and nation native to the Italian peninsula.

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Italo-Norman

The Italo-Normans, or Siculo-Normans when referring to Sicily and Southern Italy, are the Italian-born descendants of the first Norman conquerors to travel to southern Italy in the first half of the eleventh century.

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Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Jesus

Jesus, also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.

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John the Baptist

John the Baptist (יוחנן המטביל Yokhanan HaMatbil, Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτιστής, Iōánnēs ho baptistḗs or Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτίζων, Iōánnēs ho baptízōn,Lang, Bernhard (2009) International Review of Biblical Studies Brill Academic Pub p. 380 – "33/34 CE Herod Antipas's marriage to Herodias (and beginning of the ministry of Jesus in a sabbatical year); 35 CE – death of John the Baptist" ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲡⲓⲡⲣⲟⲇⲣⲟⲙⲟⲥ or ⲓⲱ̅ⲁ ⲡⲓⲣϥϯⲱⲙⲥ, يوحنا المعمدان) was a Jewish itinerant preacherCross, F. L. (ed.) (2005) Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 3rd ed.

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Julian the Hospitaller

Julian the Hospitaller is a Roman Catholic saint.

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Köppen climate classification

The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.

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Kingdom of the Two Sicilies

The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (Regno dê Doje Sicilie, Regnu dî Dui Sicili, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was the largest of the states of Italy before the Italian unification.

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La Sicilia

La Sicilia is an Italian daily newspaper for the island of Sicily.

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Latin literature

Latin literature includes the essays, histories, poems, plays, and other writings written in the Latin language.

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Lava

Lava is molten rock generated by geothermal energy and expelled through fractures in planetary crust or in an eruption, usually at temperatures from.

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Legume

A legume is a plant or its fruit or seed in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae).

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Lentil

The lentil (Lens culinaris or Lens esculenta) is an edible pulse.

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Lentini

Lentini (Sicilian: Lintini), historically Leontini or Leontinoi (Λεοντῖνοι), is a town and comune in the Province of Syracuse, South East of Sicily (Southern Italy).

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Leptines of Syracuse

Leptines (Λεπτίνης; died 375 BC) was a military leader from Syracuse, Sicily, active during his brother, Dionysius the Elder's wars.

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List of Greek place names

This is a list of Greek place names as they exist in the Greek language.

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List of literary movements

This is a list of modern literary movements: that is, movements after the Renaissance.

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List of major opera composers

This list provides a guide to opera composers, as determined by their presence on a majority of compiled lists of significant opera composers.

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Livy

Titus Livius Patavinus (64 or 59 BCAD 12 or 17) – often rendered as Titus Livy, or simply Livy, in English language sources – was a Roman historian.

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Local government

A local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state.

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Lucilia (gens)

The gens Lucilia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome.

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Luigi Capuana

Luigi Capuana (May 28, 1839 – November 29, 1915) was an Italian author and journalist and one of the most important members of the ''verist'' movement (see also ''verismo'' (literature)).

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Lupinus

Lupinus, commonly known as lupin or lupine (North America), is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.

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Madonna (art)

A Madonna is a representation of Mary, either alone or with her child Jesus.

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Magna Graecia

Magna Graecia (Latin meaning "Great Greece", Μεγάλη Ἑλλάς, Megálē Hellás, Magna Grecia) was the name given by the Romans to the coastal areas of Southern Italy in the present-day regions of Campania, Apulia, Basilicata, Calabria and Sicily that were extensively populated by Greek settlers; particularly the Achaean settlements of Croton, and Sybaris, and to the north, the settlements of Cumae and Neapolis.

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Mago (fleet commander)

Mago (Greek: Μάγων) was commander of the Carthaginian fleet under Himilco in the war against Dionysius I of Syracuse, 396 BCE.

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Manius Valerius Maximus Corvinus Messalla

Manius Valerius Maximus Corvinus Messalla was Roman consul in 263 BC.

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Maria Carolina of Austria

Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Karolina Luise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III.

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Marina

A marina (from Spanish, Portuguese and Italian: marina, "coast" or "shore") is a dock or basin with moorings and supplies for yachts and small boats.

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Mario Venuti

Mario Venuti (born 28 October 1963) is an Italian singer-songwriter, musician and record producer.

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Maritime Quarter

The Maritime Quarter (including Swansea Marina) is a residential area of Swansea, Wales, UK located immediately south of the city centre shopping core.

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Martha

Martha of Bethany (Aramaic: מַרְתָּא Martâ) is a biblical figure described in the Gospels of Luke and John.

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Mary Help of Christians

Mary Help of Christians (Sancta Maria Auxilium Christianorum; Nuestra Señora María Auxiliadora de los Cristianos; Filipino: Maria, Mapag-ampon sa mga Kristiyano), is a Roman Catholic Marian devotion with a feast day celebrated on May 24.

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Mary, mother of Jesus

Mary was a 1st-century BC Galilean Jewish woman of Nazareth, and the mother of Jesus, according to the New Testament and the Quran.

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Mascalucia

Mascalucia (Sicilian: Mascalucìa) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about north of Catania.

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Massimiliano Fuksas

Massimiliano Fuksas (born January 9, 1944) is an Italian architect.

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Medication

A medication (also referred to as medicine, pharmaceutical drug, or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.

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Mediterranean climate

A Mediterranean climate or dry summer climate is characterized by rainy winters and dry summers.

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Messina

Messina (Sicilian: Missina; Messana, Μεσσήνη) is the capital of the Italian Metropolitan City of Messina.

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Metres above sea level

Metres above mean sea level (MAMSL) or simply metres above sea level (MASL or m a.s.l.) is a standard metric measurement in metres of the elevation or altitude of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level.

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Metropolitan City of Catania

The Metropolitan City of Catania (Città metropolitana di Catania) is a metropolitan city in Sicily, Italy.

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Michael (archangel)

Michael (translit; translit; Michahel;ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ, translit) is an archangel in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

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Mineralogy

Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts.

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Minerva

Minerva (Etruscan: Menrva) was the Roman goddess of wisdom and strategic warfare, although it is noted that the Romans did not stress her relation to battle and warfare as the Greeks would come to, and the sponsor of arts, trade, and strategy.

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Miriam Leone

Miriam Leone (born 14 April 1985) is an Italian actress and beauty pageant titleholder who won the Miss Italia 2008 beauty contest.

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Misterbianco

Misterbianco (Mustarjancu, Medieval Latin: Monasterium Album, meaning White Monastery or White Minster) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about west of Catania.

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Monastery of San Nicolò l'Arena

The Benedictine Monastery of San Nicolò l'Arena in Catania, Sicily, is one of the largest monasteries in Europe and a UNESCO World Heritage Site (as a part of Val di Noto World Heritage Site).

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Motta Sant'Anastasia

Motta Sant'Anastasia is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about west of Catania.

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Mount Carmel

Mount Carmel (הַר הַכַּרְמֶל, Har HaKarmel ISO 259-3 Har ha Karmell (lit. God's vineyard); الكرمل, Al-Kurmul, or جبل مار إلياس, Jabal Mar Elyas (lit. Mount Saint Elias/Elijah) is a coastal mountain range in northern Israel stretching from the Mediterranean Sea towards the southeast. The range is a UNESCO biosphere reserve. A number of towns are situated there, most notably the city of Haifa, Israel's third largest city, located on the northern slope. The name is presumed to be directly from the Hebrew language word Carmel (כַּרְמֶל), which means "fresh" (planted), or "vineyard" (planted).

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Mount Etna

Mount Etna, or Etna (Etna or Mongibello; Mungibeddu or â Muntagna; Aetna), is an active stratovolcano on the east coast of Sicily, Italy, in the Metropolitan City of Catania, between the cities of Messina and Catania.

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Narrow-gauge railway

A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than the standard.

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Nasal cavity

The nasal cavity (nasal fossa, or nasal passage) is a large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face.

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Naturalism (literature)

The term naturalism was coined by Émile Zola, who defines it as a literary movement which emphasizes observation and the scientific method in the fictional portrayal of reality.

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Naxos (Sicily)

Naxos or Naxus (Νάξος) was an ancient Greek city of Sicily on the east coast of the island between Catana (modern Catania) and Messana (modern Messina).

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Nicolosi

Nicolosi (Niculùsi) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northwest of Catania.

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Nino Martoglio

Nino Martoglio (Belpasso, Catania, 3 December 1870 — Catania, 15 September 1921) was an Italian writer, publisher, journalist and producer of theatrical works.

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Oświęcim

Oświęcim (Auschwitz; אָשפּיצין Oshpitzin) is a town in the Lesser Poland (Małopolska) province of southern Poland, situated west of Cracow, near the confluence of the Vistula (Wisła) and Soła rivers.

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Oikistes

The oikistes (οἰκιστής), often anglicized as oekist or oecist, was the individual chosen by an ancient Greek polis as the leader of any new colonization effort.

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Ontario

Ontario is one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada and is located in east-central Canada.

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Opera

Opera (English plural: operas; Italian plural: opere) is a form of theatre in which music has a leading role and the parts are taken by singers.

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Order of Friars Minor Capuchin

The Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (postnominal abbr. O.F.M.Cap.) is an order of friars within the Catholic Church, among the chief offshoots of the Franciscans.

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Ordo urbium nobilium

Ordo Urbium Nobilium is a Latin poem in dactylic hexameter by Decimus Magnus Ausonius.

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Oriana Bandiera

Oriana Bandiera, FBA (born 26 August 1971) is an Italian economist and academic, specialising in development economics.

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Orto Botanico dell'Università di Catania

The Orto Botanico dell'Università di Catania (16,000 m²), also known as the Hortus Botanicus Catinensis, is a botanical garden in Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Ostrogoths

The Ostrogoths (Ostrogothi, Austrogothi) were the eastern branch of the later Goths (the other major branch being the Visigoths).

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Othenio Abel

Othenio Lothar Franz Anton Louis Abel (Vienna, June 20, 1875 – Mondsee, Upper Austria, July 4, 1946) was an Austrian Artist and fossil creator.

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Ottawa

Ottawa is the capital city of Canada.

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Our Lady of La Salette

Our Lady of La Salette (Notre-Dame de La Salette) is a Marian apparition reported by two children, Maximin Giraud and Mélanie Calvat to have occurred at La Salette-Fallavaux, France, in 1846.

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Palaeoloxodon falconeri

Palaeoloxodon falconeri (formerly Elephas falconeri, or more commonly as the Pygmy elephant) is an extinct Siculo-Maltese species of elephant that has derived from the Straight-tusked elephant.

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Palazzo Biscari

Palazzo Biscari is a private palace in Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Palazzo degli Elefanti

Palazzo degli Elefanti (English: "Elephants Palace") is a historical building in Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Palazzo Tezzano

The Palazzo Tezzano is a historic building in Piazza Stesicoro, which is in the center of Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Paleolithic

The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic is a period in human prehistory distinguished by the original development of stone tools that covers c. 95% of human technological prehistory.

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Paleontology

Paleontology or palaeontology is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene Epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present).

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Palermo

Palermo (Sicilian: Palermu, Panormus, from Πάνορμος, Panormos) is a city of Southern Italy, the capital of both the autonomous region of Sicily and the Metropolitan City of Palermo.

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Pasta alla Norma

Pasta alla Norma is a pasta dish in Sicilian cuisine created originally in Catania, Sicily, Italy.

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Paternò

Paternò (Patennò) is a southern Italian town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Catania, Sicily.

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Patron saint

A patron saint, patroness saint, patron hallow or heavenly protector is a saint who in Roman Catholicism, Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy, or particular branches of Islam, is regarded as the heavenly advocate of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, clan, family or person.

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Pausanias (geographer)

Pausanias (Παυσανίας Pausanías; c. AD 110 – c. 180) was a Greek traveler and geographer of the second century AD, who lived in the time of Roman emperors Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius.

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Pedara

Pedara (Pirara) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about north of Catania.

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Peloponnese

The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus (Πελοπόννησος, Peloponnisos) is a peninsula and geographic region in southern Greece.

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Peloponnesian War

The Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC) was an ancient Greek war fought by the Delian League led by Athens against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta.

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Peter III of Aragon

Peter the Great (Pere el Gran, Pero lo Gran; 1239 – 11 November 1285) was the King of Aragon (as Peter III) of Valencia (as Peter I), and Count of Barcelona (as Peter II) from 1276 to his death, (this union of kingdoms was called the Crown of Aragon).

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Petrochemical industry

The petrochemical industry is concerned with the production and trade of petrochemicals.

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Philip Neri

Philip Romolo Neri (Italian: Filippo Romolo Neri; 21 July 151525 May 1595), known as the Third Apostle of Rome, after Saints Peter and Paul, was an Italian priest noted for founding a society of secular clergy called the Congregation of the Oratory.

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Phoenix, Arizona

Phoenix is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona.

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Piermaria Siciliano

Piermaria Siciliano (born June 27, 1974 in Catania) is a retired freestyle swimmer from Italy, who represented his native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics: 1992 and 1996.

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Pindar

Pindar (Πίνδαρος Pindaros,; Pindarus; c. 522 – c. 443 BC) was an Ancient Greek lyric poet from Thebes.

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Pliny the Elder

Pliny the Elder (born Gaius Plinius Secundus, AD 23–79) was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, a naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and friend of emperor Vespasian.

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Plutarch

Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarkhos,; c. CE 46 – CE 120), later named, upon becoming a Roman citizen, Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus, (Λούκιος Μέστριος Πλούταρχος) was a Greek biographer and essayist, known primarily for his Parallel Lives and Moralia.

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Poland

Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.

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Poor Clares

The Poor Clares, officially the Order of Saint Clare (Ordo sanctae Clarae) – originally referred to as the Order of Poor Ladies, and later the Clarisses, the Minoresses, the Franciscan Clarist Order, and the Second Order of Saint Francis – are members of a contemplative Order of nuns in the Catholic Church.

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Popular music

Popular music is music with wide appeal that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry.

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Population decline

A population decline (or depopulation) in humans is any great reduction in a human population caused by events such as long-term demographic trends, as in sub-replacement fertility, urban decay, white flight or rural flight, or due to violence, disease, or other catastrophes.

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Province of Catania

The Province of Catania (Provincia di Catania; Pruvincia di Catania) was a province in the autonomous island region of Sicily in southern Italy.

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Pyrrhus of Epirus

Pyrrhus (Πύρρος, Pyrrhos; 319/318–272 BC) was a Greek general and statesman of the Hellenistic period.

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Ragalna

Ragalna is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northwest of Catania.

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Randazzo

Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta. Randazzo (Rannazzu) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Rapid transit

Rapid transit or mass rapid transit, also known as heavy rail, metro, MRT, subway, tube, U-Bahn or underground, is a type of high-capacity public transport generally found in urban areas.

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Record label

A record label, or record company, is a brand or trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos.

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Recorded history

Recorded history or written history is a historical narrative based on a written record or other documented communication.

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Renaissance

The Renaissance is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries.

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Ricotta

Ricotta (in Italian) is an Italian whey cheese made from sheep, cow, goat, or Italian water buffalo milk whey left over from the production of other cheeses.

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Riposto

Riposto (Ripostu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about east of Palermo and about northeast of Catania.

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Roger I of Sicily

Roger I (– 22 June 1101), nicknamed Roger Bosso and The Great Count, was a Norman nobleman who became the first Count of Sicily from 1071 to 1101.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.

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Roman Republic

The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.

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Rugby union

Rugby union, commonly known in most of the world as rugby, is a contact team sport which originated in England in the first half of the 19th century.

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Sacred Heart

The devotion to the Sacred Heart (also known as the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, Sacratissimum Cor Iesu in Latin) is one of the most widely practiced and well-known Roman Catholic devotions, taking Jesus Christ′s physical heart as the representation of his divine love for humanity.

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Saint Anne

Saint Anne, of David's house and line, was the mother of Mary and grandmother of Jesus according to apocryphal Christian and Islamic tradition.

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Saint Blaise

Blaise (Սուրբ Վլասի, Soorp Vlasi; Άγιος Βλάσιος, Agios Vlasios; also known as Saint Blase), was a physician, and bishop of Sebastea in historical Armenia (modern Sivas, Turkey).

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Saint Christopher

Saint Christopher (Ἅγιος Χριστόφορος, Ágios Christóforos) is venerated by several Christian denominations as a martyr killed in the reign of the 3rd-century Roman Emperor Decius (reigned 249–251) or alternatively under the Roman Emperor Maximinus II Dacian (reigned 308–313).

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Saint Dominic

Saint Dominic (Santo Domingo), also known as Dominic of Osma and Dominic of Caleruega, often called Dominic de Guzmán and Domingo Félix de Guzmán (8 August 1170 – 6 August 1221), was a Castilian priest and founder of the Dominican Order.

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Saint George

Saint George (Γεώργιος, Geṓrgios; Georgius;; to 23 April 303), according to legend, was a Roman soldier of Greek origin and a member of the Praetorian Guard for Roman emperor Diocletian, who was sentenced to death for refusing to recant his Christian faith.

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Saint Nicholas

Saint Nicholas (Ἅγιος Νικόλαος,, Sanctus Nicolaus; 15 March 270 – 6 December 343), also called Nikolaos of Myra or Nicholas of Bari, was Bishop of Myra, in Asia Minor (modern-day Demre, Turkey), and is a historic Christian saint.

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Saint Sebastian

Saint Sebastian (died) was an early Christian saint and martyr.

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Saint Ursula

Saint Ursula (Latin for 'little female bear') is a Romano-British Christian saint.

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Saints Cosmas and Damian

Saints Cosmas and Damian (Κοσμάς και Δαμιανός, Kosmás kai Damianós; Cosmas et Damianus; died 287) were two Arab physicians, reputedly twin brothers, and early Christian martyrs.

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San Giovanni la Punta

San Giovanni la Punta (Sicilian: San Giuvanni la Punta) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northeast of Catania.

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San Gregorio di Catania

San Gregorio di Catania (Sicilian: San Grigoriu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northeast of Catania.

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San Pietro Clarenza

San Pietro Clarenza (Sicilian: San Petru Clarenza) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northwest of Catania.

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Sant'Agata li Battiati

Sant'Agata li Battiati (Sicilian: Sant'Àita li Vattiati) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located very near to Catania.

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Santa Maria di Licodia

Santa Maria di Licodia (Sicilian: Santa Marìa di Licuddìa) is a town and comune in eastern Sicily, in the Metropolitan City of Catania, southern Italy.

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Santa Venerina

Santa Venerina (Sicilian: Santa Vinirina) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northeast of Catania.

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Satellite town

A satellite town or satellite city is a concept in urban planning that refers essentially to smaller metropolitan areas which are located somewhat near to, but are mostly independent of larger metropolitan areas.

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Scuola superiore di Catania

Scuola Superiore di Catania (SSC) is a learning institute in Italy.

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Scylax of Caryanda

Scylax of Caryanda (Σκύλαξ ο Καρυανδεύς) was a renowned Greek explorer and writer of the late 6th and early 5th centuries BCE.

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Scymnus

Scymnus of Chios (Σκύμνος ὁ Xῖος; fl. c. 185 BC) was a Greek geographer.

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Sextus Pompey

Sextus Pompeius Magnus Pius, in English Sextus Pompey (67 BC – 35 BC), was a Roman general from the late Republic (1st century BC).

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Sicels

The Sicels (Siculi; Σικελοί Sikeloi) were an Italic tribe who inhabited eastern Sicily during the Iron Age.

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Sicilian Baroque

Sicilian Baroque is the distinctive form of Baroque architecture which evolved on the island of Sicily, off the southern coast of Italy, in the 17th and 18th centuries, when it was part of the Spanish Empire.

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Sicilian Expedition

The Sicilian Expedition was an Athenian military expedition to Sicily, which took place during the period from 415 BC to 413 BC (during the Peloponnesian War).

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Sicilian language

Sicilian (sicilianu; in Italian: Siciliano; also known as Siculo (siculu) or Calabro-Sicilian) is a Romance language spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands.

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Sicilian Mafia

The Sicilian Mafia, also known as simply the Mafia and frequently referred to by members as Cosa Nostra (this thing of ours), is a criminal syndicate in Sicily, Italy.

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Sicilian Vespers

The Sicilian Vespers (Vespri siciliani; Vespiri siciliani) is the name given to the successful rebellion on the island of Sicily that broke out at Easter, 1282 against the rule of the French-born king Charles I, who had ruled the Kingdom of Sicily since 1266.

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Sicily

Sicily (Sicilia; Sicìlia) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.

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Silius Italicus

Silius Italicus, in full Tiberius Catius Asconius Silius Italicus (c. 28 – c. 103), was a Roman consul, orator, and Latin epic poet of the 1st century AD (Silver Age of Latin literature).

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Silk

Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles.

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Simeto

The Simeto (Sicilian: Simetu Symaethus; Greek Σύμαιθος) is a long river in Sicily, southern Italy.

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Sister city

Twin towns or sister cities are a form of legal or social agreement between towns, cities, counties, oblasts, prefectures, provinces, regions, states, and even countries in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.

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Skull

The skull is a bony structure that forms the head in vertebrates.

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Society of Jesus

The Society of Jesus (SJ – from Societas Iesu) is a scholarly religious congregation of the Catholic Church which originated in sixteenth-century Spain.

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South Asia

South Asia or Southern Asia (also known as the Indian subcontinent) is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and, for some authorities, adjoining countries to the west and east.

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Southern Italy

Southern Italy or Mezzogiorno (literally "midday") is a macroregion of Italy traditionally encompassing the territories of the former Kingdom of the two Sicilies (all the southern section of the Italian Peninsula and Sicily), with the frequent addition of the island of Sardinia.

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Stefano Ittar

Stefano Ittar (1724 - January 18, 1790) was a Polish-Italian architect.

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Stephanus of Byzantium

Stephen of Byzantium, also known as Stephanus Byzantinus (Greek: Στέφανος Βυζάντιος; fl. 6th century AD), was the author of an important geographical dictionary entitled Ethnica (Ἐθνικά).

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Stesichorus

Stesichorus (Στησίχορος, Stēsikhoros; c. 630 – 555 BC) was the first great lyric poet of the West.

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STMicroelectronics

STMicroelectronics is a French-Italian multinational electronics and semiconductor manufacturer headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

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Strabo

Strabo (Στράβων Strábōn; 64 or 63 BC AD 24) was a Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian who lived in Asia Minor during the transitional period of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.

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Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara.

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Subterranean river

A subterranean river is a river that runs wholly or partly beneath the ground surface – one where the riverbed does not represent the surface of the Earth (rivers flowing in gorges are not classed as subterranean).

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Suda

The Suda or Souda (Soûda; Suidae Lexicon) is a large 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Soudas (Σούδας) or Souidas (Σουίδας).

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Sulfur

Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.

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Syracuse, Sicily

Syracuse (Siracusa,; Sarausa/Seragusa; Syrācūsae; Συράκουσαι, Syrakousai; Medieval Συρακοῦσαι) is a historic city on the island of Sicily, the capital of the Italian province of Syracuse.

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Taormina

Taormina (Sicilian: Taurmina; Latin: Tauromenium; Ταυρομένιον, Tauromenion) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina, on the east coast of the island of Sicily, Italy.

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Teatro Massimo Bellini

The Teatro Massimo Bellini is an opera house in Catania, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Television channel

A television channel is a broadcast frequency or virtual number over which a television station or television network is distributed.

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Teresa of Ávila

Saint Teresa of Ávila, also called Saint Teresa of Jesus, baptized as Teresa Sánchez de Cepeda y Ahumada (28 March 15154 October 1582), was a prominent Spanish mystic, Roman Catholic saint, Carmelite nun and author during the Counter Reformation, and theologian of contemplative life through mental prayer.

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Thrasybulus of Syracuse

Thrasybulus (Θρασύβουλος) was a tyrant who ruled Syracuse for eleven months during 466 and 465 BC.

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Thucydides

Thucydides (Θουκυδίδης,, Ancient Attic:; BC) was an Athenian historian and general.

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Timoleon

Timoleon (Greek: Τιμολέων), son of Timodemus, of Corinth (c. 411–337 BC) was a Greek statesman and general.

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Tourism

Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours.

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Train station

A train station, railway station, railroad station, or depot (see below) is a railway facility or area where trains regularly stop to load or unload passengers or freight.

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Trecastagni

Trecastagni (Triccastagni) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about north of Catania.

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Tremestieri Etneo

Tremestieri Etneo (Trimmisteri) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about north of Catania.

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Trinity

The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (from Greek τριάς and τριάδα, from "threefold") holds that God is one but three coeternal consubstantial persons or hypostases—the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit—as "one God in three Divine Persons".

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Triumphal arch

A triumphal arch is a monumental structure in the shape of an archway with one or more arched passageways, often designed to span a road.

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Types of volcanic eruptions

Several types of volcanic eruptions—during which lava, tephra (ash, lapilli, volcanic bombs and volcanic blocks), and assorted gases are expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure—have been distinguished by volcanologists.

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Ukraine

Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

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University of Catania

The University of Catania (Università degli Studi di Catania) is a university located in Catania, Sicily.

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Uzeda

Uzeda is a Sicilian underground rock group founded in 1987 by lead singer Giovanna Cacciola, guitarists Agostino Tilotta and Giovanni Nicosia, bassist Raffaele Gulisano and drummer Davide Oliveri.

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Val di Noto

Val di Noto (English: Province of Noto) is a historical and geographical area encompassing the south-eastern third of Sicily; it is dominated by the limestone Iblean plateau.

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Valerius Maximus

Valerius Maximus was a Latin writer and author of a collection of historical anecdotes: Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX ("nine books of memorable deeds and sayings", also known as De factis dictisque memorabilibus or Facta et dicta memorabilia) Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX.

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Valverde, Sicily

Valverde (Sicilian: Bedduvirdi) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about northeast of Catania.

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Vandals

The Vandals were a large East Germanic tribe or group of tribes that first appear in history inhabiting present-day southern Poland.

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Velia

Velia was the Roman name of an ancient city of Magna Graecia on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea.

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Verismo (music)

In opera, verismo ("realism", from vero, meaning "true") was a post-Romantic operatic tradition associated with Italian composers such as Pietro Mascagni, Ruggero Leoncavallo, Umberto Giordano, Francesco Cilea and Giacomo Puccini.

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Viagrande

Viagrande (Sicilian: Varanni) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about north of Catania.

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Vicia faba

Vicia faba, also known as the broad bean, fava bean, faba bean, field bean, bell bean, or tic bean, is a species of flowering plant in the pea and bean family Fabaceae.

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Vincenzo Bellini

Vincenzo Salvatore Carmelo Francesco Bellini (3 November 1801 – 23 September 1835) was an Italian opera composer,Lippmann and McGuire 1998, in Sadie, p. 389 who was known for his long-flowing melodic lines for which he was named "the Swan of Catania".

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Virgin of Montserrat

Our Lady of Montserrat or the Virgin of Montserrat (Mare de Déu de Montserrat) is a Marian title associated with a venerated statue of the Madonna and Child venerated at the Santa Maria de Montserrat monastery on the Montserrat Mountain in Catalonia, Spain.

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Visitation (Christianity)

The Visitation is the visit of Mary to Elizabeth as recorded in the Gospel of Luke,.

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Vitus

Saint Vitus, according to Christian legend, was a Christian saint from Sicily.

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Volcanology

Volcanology (also spelled vulcanology) is the study of volcanoes, lava, magma, and related geological, geophysical and geochemical phenomena.

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War grave

A war grave is a burial place for members of the armed forces or civilians who died during military campaigns or operations.

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War of the Sicilian Vespers

The War of the Sicilian Vespers or just War of the Vespers was a conflict that started with the insurrection of the Sicilian Vespers against Charles of Anjou in 1282 and ended in 1302 with the Peace of Caltabellotta.

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Water polo

Water polo is a competitive team sport played in the water between two teams.

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World Heritage site

A World Heritage site is a landmark or area which is selected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance, and is legally protected by international treaties.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Xenophanes

Xenophanes of Colophon (Ξενοφάνης ὁ Κολοφώνιος; c. 570 – c. 475 BC) was a Greek philosopher, theologian, poet, and social and religious critic.

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Zafferana Etnea

Zafferana Etnea (Sicilian: Zafarana) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about southeast of Palermo and about north of Catania.

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1169 Sicily earthquake

The 1169 Sicily earthquake occurred on 4 February 1169 at 07:00 on the eve of the feast of St. Agatha of Sicily (in southern Italy).

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1693 Sicily earthquake

The 1693 Sicily earthquake struck parts of southern Italy near Sicily, Calabria, and Malta on January 11 at around 21:00 local time.

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1993 Rugby World Cup Sevens

The 1993 Rugby World Cup Sevens was held at Murrayfield in Edinburgh, Scotland, in April 1993.

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Redirects here:

Catana, Catania, Italy, Catania, Sicily, Geography of Catania, History of Catania, Katane, UN/LOCODE:ITCTA, Κατάνη.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catania

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