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Table of Contents

1. 400 relations: Absolute (philosophy), Acupuncture, Agnatic seniority, Albinism, Altar, Ancestor, Ancestor veneration in China, Ancestral shrine, Animal worship, Animism, Apophatic theology, Atheism, Axis mundi, Bagua, Baguadao, Baishatun Mazu Pilgrimage, Bao ying, Baojuan, Baopuzi, Beijing, Bell Church, Bell Church (temple), Benzhuism, Big Dipper, Bimoism, Birthday of the Monkey God, Bixiao Niangniang, Bodhidharma, Bon, Boxer Rebellion, Budai, Buddhism, Buddhism in China, C. K. Yang (sociologist), Caishen, Cardinal direction, Cataphatic theology, Chen (surname), Chen Chun, Chen Jinggu, Cheng Yi (philosopher), Chiang Kai-shek, China, China Family Panel Studies, Chinese alchemy, Chinese architecture, Chinese Buddhism, Chinese Civil War, Chinese classics, Chinese Communist Party, ... Expand index (350 more) » « Shrink index

2. Animism
3. East Asian religions
4. Folk religions

Absolute (philosophy)

In philosophy (often specifically metaphysics), the absolute, in most common usage, is a perfect, self-sufficient reality that depends upon nothing external to itself.

See Chinese folk religion and Absolute (philosophy)

Acupuncture

Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine and a component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in which thin needles are inserted into the body.

See Chinese folk religion and Acupuncture

Agnatic seniority

Agnatic seniority is a patrilineal principle of inheritance where the order of succession to the throne prefers the monarch's younger brother over the monarch's own sons.

See Chinese folk religion and Agnatic seniority

Albinism

Albinism is the congenital absence of melanin in an animal or plant resulting in white hair, feathers, scales and skin and reddish pink or blue eyes.

See Chinese folk religion and Albinism

Altar

An altar is a table or platform for the presentation of religious offerings, for sacrifices, or for other ritualistic purposes.

See Chinese folk religion and Altar

Ancestor

An ancestor, also known as a forefather, fore-elder, or a forebear, is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an antecedent (i.e., a grandparent, great-grandparent, great-great-grandparent and so forth).

See Chinese folk religion and Ancestor

Ancestor veneration in China

Chinese ancestor veneration, also called Chinese ancestor worship, is an aspect of the Chinese traditional religion which revolves around the ritual celebration of the deified ancestors and tutelary deities of people with the same surname organised into lineage societies in ancestral shrines.

See Chinese folk religion and Ancestor veneration in China

Ancestral shrine

An ancestral shrine, hall or temple (or, Nhà thờ họ; Chữ Hán: 家祠户), also called lineage temple, is a temple dedicated to deified ancestors and progenitors of surname lineages or families in the Chinese tradition.

See Chinese folk religion and Ancestral shrine

Animal worship

Animal worship (also zoolatry or theriolatry) is an umbrella term designating religious or ritual practices involving animals.

See Chinese folk religion and Animal worship

Animism

Animism (from meaning 'breath, spirit, life') is the belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence.

See Chinese folk religion and Animism

Apophatic theology

Apophatic theology, also known as negative theology, is a form of theological thinking and religious practice which attempts to approach God, the Divine, by negation, to speak only in terms of what may not be said about the perfect goodness that is God.

See Chinese folk religion and Apophatic theology

Atheism

Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities.

See Chinese folk religion and Atheism

Axis mundi

In astronomy, axis mundi is the Latin term for the axis of Earth between the celestial poles.

See Chinese folk religion and Axis mundi

Bagua

The bagua is a set of symbols from China intended to illustrate the nature of reality as being composed of mutually opposing forces reinforcing one another.

See Chinese folk religion and Bagua

Baguadao

Baguadao (八卦道 "Way of the Eight Trigrams") or Eight Trigram Teaching (八卦教) is a network of Chinese folk religious sects, one of the most extended in northern China.

See Chinese folk religion and Baguadao

Baishatun Mazu Pilgrimage

The Baishatun Mazu Pilgrimage is usually held annually between lunar January and April in the western plains of Taiwan, a major Taoist religious event since 1863.

See Chinese folk religion and Baishatun Mazu Pilgrimage

Bao ying

Bàoyìng is a concept of cosmic and moral reciprocity in the Chinese folk religion.

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Baojuan

Baojuan (宝卷 bǎojuàn), literally precious scrolls, are a genre of prosimetric texts (texts written in an alternation of prose and verse) of a religious or mystical nature, produced within the context of Chinese folk religion and individual Chinese folk religious sects.

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Baopuzi

Baopuzi is a literary work written by Ge Hong (AD 283–343),, a scholar during the turbulent Jin dynasty.

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Beijing

Beijing, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital of China.

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Bell Church

The Bell Church is a Chinese Filipino indigenous religious syncretistic organization based in La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines.

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Bell Church (temple)

The Bell Church is a Chinese temple of the Chinese Filipino indigenous religious syncretistic organization of the same name in La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines.

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Benzhuism

Benzhuism is the indigenous religion of the Bai people, an ethnic group of Yunnan, China. Chinese folk religion and Benzhuism are east Asian religions.

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Big Dipper

The Big Dipper (US, Canada) or the plough (UK, Ireland) is a large asterism consisting of seven bright stars of the constellation Ursa Major; six of them are of second magnitude and one, Megrez (δ), of third magnitude.

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Bimoism

BimoismPan Jiao, 2011 (Yi: ii bi mox) is the indigenous religion of the Yi people, the largest ethnic group in Yunnan after the Han Chinese. Chinese folk religion and Bimoism are east Asian religions.

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Birthday of the Monkey God

The Birthday of the Monkey God is a cultural and religious holiday celebrated in Singapore on the 15th or 16th day of the First Lunar Month.

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Bixiao Niangniang

Bixiao Xianzi, also known as Zhao Bixiao, is a character in the classic 16th-century Chinese novel Fengshen Yanyi.

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Bodhidharma

Bodhidharma was a semi-legendary Buddhist monk who lived during the 5th or 6th century CE.

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Bon

Bon or Bön, also known as Yungdrung Bon, is the indigenous Tibetan religion which shares many similarities and influences with Tibetan Buddhism. Chinese folk religion and Bon are east Asian religions.

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Boxer Rebellion

The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Boxer Uprising or the Boxer Insurrection, was an anti-foreign, anti-imperialist, and anti-Christian uprising in North China between 1899 and 1901, towards the end of the Qing dynasty, by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, known as the "Boxers" in English due to many of its members having practised Chinese martial arts, which at the time were referred to as "Chinese boxing".

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Budai

Budai (Podae; Hotei; Bố Đại) is a nickname given to the Chinese monk Qici who is often identified with and venerated as Maitreya Buddha in Chan Buddhism.

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Buddhism

Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE.

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Buddhism in China

Buddhism in China refers to Buddhism that has been developed and practiced in China, based on the geographical location and administrative region instead of a particular Buddhist branch.

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C. K. Yang (sociologist)

Ch'ing-k'un Yang (1911 – 10 January 1999), better known as C. K. Yang, was an American sociologist who pioneered the application of sociological theory to the study of China.

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Caishen

Caishen is the mythological figure worshipped in the Chinese folk religion and Taoism.

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Cardinal direction

The four cardinal directions, or cardinal points, are the four main compass directions: north, south, east, and west, commonly denoted by their initials N, S, E, and W respectively.

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Cataphatic theology

Cataphatic theology or kataphatic theology is theology that uses "positive" terminology to describe or refer to the divine – specifically, God – i.e. terminology that describes or refers to what the divine is believed to be, in contrast to the "negative" terminology used in apophatic theology to indicate what it is believed the divine is not.

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Chen (surname)

Chen is a common Chinese-language surname and one of the most common surnames in Asia.

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Chen Chun

Chen Chun (1483–1544), courtesy name Daofu and art name Baiyang Shanren, was a Ming dynasty artist, calligrapher, and poet.

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Chen Jinggu

Chen Jinggu is a Chinese protective goddess of women, children, and pregnancy, and is believed by her worshippers to be a former Taoist priestess.

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Cheng Yi (philosopher)

Cheng Yi (1033–1107), also known by various other names and romanizations, was a Chinese classicist, essayist, philosopher, and politician of the Song Dynasty.

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Chiang Kai-shek

Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 18875 April 1975) was a Chinese statesman, revolutionary, and military commander.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.

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China Family Panel Studies

China Family Panel Studies (CFPS, 中国家庭追踪调查) is a nationally representative, biennial longitudinal general social survey project designed to document changes in Chinese society, economy, population, education, and health.

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Chinese alchemy

Chinese alchemy is a historical Chinese approach to alchemy, a pseudoscience.

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Chinese architecture

Chinese architecture is the embodiment of an architectural style that has developed over millennia in China and has influenced architecture throughout East Asia.

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Chinese Buddhism

Chinese Buddhism or Han Buddhism (p) is a Chinese form of Mahayana Buddhism which draws on the Chinese Buddhist canonJiang Wu, "The Chinese Buddhist Canon" in The Wiley Blackwell Companion to East and Inner Asian Buddhism, p. 299, Wiley-Blackwell (2014).

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Chinese Civil War

The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led government of the Republic of China and the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), with armed conflict continuing intermittently from 1 August 1927 until 7 December 1949, resulting in a communist victory and control of mainland China.

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Chinese classics

The Chinese classics or canonical texts are the works of Chinese literature authored prior to the establishment of the imperial Qin dynasty in 221 BC.

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Chinese Communist Party

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Chinese creation myths

Chinese creation myths are symbolic narratives about the origins of the universe, earth, and life.

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Chinese Cultural Renaissance

The Chinese Cultural Renaissance or the Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement was a movement promoted in Taiwan in opposition to the cultural destructions caused by the Chinese Communist Party during the Cultural Revolution.

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Chinese dragon

The Chinese Dragon is a legendary creature in Chinese mythology, Chinese folklore, and Chinese culture at large.

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Chinese folk religion

Chinese folk religion, also known as Chinese popular religion, comprehends a range of traditional religious practices of Han Chinese, including the Chinese diaspora. Chinese folk religion and Chinese folk religion are animism, east Asian religions and folk religions.

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Chinese folk religion in Southeast Asia

Chinese folk religion plays a dynamic role in the lives of the overseas Chinese who have settled in the countries of this geographic region, particularly Burmese Chinese, Singaporean Chinese, Malaysian Chinese, Thai Chinese and Hoa.

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Chinese gods and immortals

Chinese gods and immortals are beings in various Chinese religions seen in a variety of ways and mythological contexts.

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Chinese kin

A Chinese kin, lineage or sometimes rendered as clan, is a patrilineal and patrilocal group of related Chinese people with a common surname sharing a common ancestor and, in many cases, an ancestral home.

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Chinese mythology

Chinese mythology is mythology that has been passed down in oral form or recorded in literature throughout the area now known as Greater China.

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Chinese New Year

Chinese New Year or the Spring Festival (see also § Names) is a festival that celebrates the beginning of a new year on the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar.

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Chinese philosophy

Chinese philosophy originates in the Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, during a period known as the "Hundred Schools of Thought", which was characterized by significant intellectual and cultural developments.

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Chinese religions of fasting

The Chinese religions of fasting are a subgroup of the Chinese salvationist religions.

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Chinese ritual mastery traditions

Chinese ritual mastery traditions, also referred to as ritual teachings (sometimes rendered as "Faism"), Folk Taoism, or Red Taoism (mostly in east China and Taiwan), constitute a large group of Chinese orders of ritual officers who operate within the Chinese folk religion but outside the institutions of official Taoism. Chinese folk religion and Chinese ritual mastery traditions are east Asian religions.

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Chinese salvationist religions

Chinese salvationist religions or Chinese folk religious sects are a Chinese religious tradition characterised by a concern for salvation (moral fulfillment) of the person and the society. Chinese folk religion and Chinese salvationist religions are east Asian religions.

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Chinese shamanism

Chinese shamanism, alternatively called Wuism (alternatively 巫觋宗教 wū xí zōngjiào), refers to the shamanic religious tradition of China.

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Chinese spiritual world concepts

Chinese spiritual world concepts are cultural practices or methods found in Chinese culture.

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Chinese surname

Chinese surnames are used by Han Chinese and Sinicized ethnic groups in Greater China, Korea, Vietnam and among overseas Chinese communities around the world such as Singapore and Malaysia.

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Chinese temples in Kolkata

Chinese temples are associations (會館) and sites of worship of Chinese folk religion and Chinese Buddhism for the Chinese community in Kolkata.

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Chinese theology

Chinese theology, which comes in different interpretations according to the Chinese classics and Chinese folk religion, and specifically Confucian, Taoist, and other philosophical formulations, is fundamentally monistic, that is to say it sees the world and the gods of its phenomena as an organic whole, or cosmos, which continuously emerges from a simple principle.

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Chinese unification

Chinese unification, also known as Cross-Strait unification or Chinese reunification, is the potential unification of territories currently controlled, or claimed, by the People's Republic of China ("China" or "Mainland China") and the Republic of China ("Taiwan") under one political entity, possibly the formation of a political union between the two republics.

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Chiyou

Chiyou (蚩尤; Old Chinese (ZS): *tʰjɯ-ɢʷɯ) is a mythological being that appears in Chinese mythology.

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Christianity in China

Christianity has been present in China since the early medieval period, and became a significant presence in the country during the early modern era.

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Classic of Filial Piety

The Classic of Filial Piety, also known by its Chinese name as the Xiaojing, is a Confucian classic treatise giving advice on filial piety: that is, how to behave towards a senior such as a father, an elder brother, or a ruler.

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Classic of Mountains and Seas

The Classic of Mountains and Seas, also known as Shanhai jing, formerly romanized as the Shan-hai Ching, is a Chinese classic text and a compilation of mythic geography and beasts.

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Classical Chinese

Classical Chinese is the language in which the classics of Chinese literature were written, from.

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Cloud

In meteorology, a cloud is an aerosol consisting of a visible mass of miniature liquid droplets, frozen crystals, or other particles suspended in the atmosphere of a planetary body or similar space.

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Coincidence

A coincidence is a remarkable concurrence of events or circumstances that have no apparent causal connection with one another.

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Confucian church

The Confucian church is a Confucian religious and social institution of the congregational type.

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Confucianism

Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China, and is variously described as a tradition, philosophy (humanistic or rationalistic), religion, theory of government, or way of life. Chinese folk religion and Confucianism are east Asian religions.

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Confucius

Confucius (孔子; pinyin), born Kong Qiu (孔丘), was a Chinese philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period who is traditionally considered the paragon of Chinese sages, as well as the first teacher in China to advocate for mass education.

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Contemplation

In a religious context, the practice of contemplation seeks a direct awareness of the divine which transcends the intellect, often in accordance with religious practices such as meditation or prayer.

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Cosmology

Cosmology is a branch of physics and metaphysics dealing with the nature of the universe, the cosmos.

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Cosmos

The cosmos (Kósmos) is an alternative name for the universe or its nature or order.

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Cultural Revolution

The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Culture hero

A culture hero is a mythological hero specific to some group (cultural, ethnic, religious, etc.) who changes the world through invention or discovery.

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Dajiao

Dajiao, called the Taiping Qingjiao or Taai ping ching jiu in Hong Kong, is a Taoist ritual and festival which is performed every year.

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Daoist schools

Taoism is an East Asian religion founded in ancient China with many schools or denominations, of which none occupies a position of orthodoxy and co-existed peacefully.

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Daozang

The Daozang is a large canon of Taoist writings, consisting of around 1,400 texts that were seen as continuing traditions first embodied by the Daodejing, Zhuangzi, and Liezi.

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De (Chinese)

(), also written as, is a key concept in Chinese philosophy, usually translated "inherent character; inner power; integrity" in Taoism, "moral character; virtue; morality" in Confucianism and other contexts, and "quality; virtue" or "merit; virtuous deeds" in Chinese Buddhism.

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De teaching

The De teaching (Chinese: 德教 Dejiao, "teaching of virtue", the concept of De), whose corporate name is the Church of Virtue (德教會 Déjiàohuì), is a sect rooted in Taoism, that was founded in 1945 in Chaozhou, Guangdong. Chinese folk religion and De teaching are east Asian religions.

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Deity

A deity or god is a supernatural being considered to be sacred and worthy of worship due to having authority over the universe, nature or human life.

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Destiny

Destiny, sometimes also called fate, is a predetermined course of events.

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Deus

Deus is the Latin word for "god" or "deity".

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Di (Chinese concept)

Di is one of the oldest Chinese terms for the earth and a key concept or figure in Chinese philosophy and religion.

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Dialectic

Dialectic (διαλεκτική, dialektikḗ; Dialektik), also known as the dialectical method, refers originally to dialogue between people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to arrive at the truth through reasoned argumentation.

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Divination

Divination is the attempt to gain insight into a question or situation by way of an occultic ritual or practice.

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Divine presence

Divine presence, presence of God, Inner God, or simply presence is a concept in religion, spirituality, and theology that deals with the ability of a deity to be "present" with human beings, sometimes associated with omnipresence.

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DK (publisher)

Dorling Kindersley Limited (branded as DK) is a British multinational publishing company specialising in illustrated reference books for adults and children in 63 languages.

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Doctrine of the Mean

The Doctrine of the Mean or Zhongyong is one of the Four Books of classical Chinese philosophy and a central doctrine of Confucianism.

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Dogma

Dogma, in its broadest sense, is any belief held definitively and without the possibility of reform.

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Dong Zhongshu

Dong Zhongshu (179–104 BC) was a Chinese philosopher, politician, and writer of the Han dynasty.

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Dongba

Dongba (Nakhi: ²dto¹mba) refers to both the religion and the priests of the Nakhi people of southwest China.

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Doumu

Dǒumǔ, also known as Dǒumǔ Yuánjūn (斗母元君 "Lady Mother of the Chariot"), Dòulǎo Yuánjūn (斗姥元君 "Lady Ancestress of the Chariot") and Tàiyī Yuánjūn (太一元君 "Lady of the Great One"), is a goddess in Chinese religion and Taoism.

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Dragon King

The Dragon King, also known as the Dragon God, is a Chinese water and weather god.

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Economy

An economy is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services.

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Egalitarianism

Egalitarianism, or equalitarianism, is a school of thought within political philosophy that builds on the concept of social equality, prioritizing it for all people.

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Epic of King Gesar

The Epic of King Gesar, also spelled Kesar or Geser (especially in Mongolian contexts), is an epic from Tibet and Central Asia.

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Epic poetry

An epic poem, or simply an epic, is a lengthy narrative poem typically about the extraordinary deeds of extraordinary characters who, in dealings with gods or other superhuman forces, gave shape to the mortal universe for their descendants.

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Eschatology

Eschatology concerns expectations of the end of present age, human history, or the world itself.

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Ethnic minorities in China

Ethnic minorities in China are the non-Han population in the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Ethnic religion

In religious studies, an ethnic religion is a religion or belief associated with notions of heredity and a particular ethnic group.

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Evangelism

In Christianity, evangelism or witnessing is the act of preaching the gospel with the intention of sharing the message and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Exorcism

Exorcism is the religious or spiritual practice of evicting demons, jinns, or other malevolent spiritual entities from a person, or an area, that is believed to be possessed.

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Feng shui

Feng shui, sometimes called Chinese geomancy, is a traditional practice that originated in Ancient China and claims to use energy forces to harmonize individuals with their surrounding environment.

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First principle

In philosophy and science, a first principle is a basic proposition or assumption that cannot be deduced from any other proposition or assumption.

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Four Books and Five Classics

The Four Books and Five Classics are authoritative and important books associated with Confucianism, written before 300 BC.

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Four Great Mountains (Taiwan)

The Four Great Mountains of Taiwan refers to a group of four prominent organizations in Taiwanese Buddhism.

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Four Symbols

The Four Symbols are mythological creatures appearing among the Chinese constellations along the ecliptic, and viewed as the guardians of the four cardinal directions.

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Fuding

() is a county-level city in northeastern Ningde prefecture-level city, on Fujian's border with Zhejiang province.

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Fuji (planchette writing)

Fuji is a Chinese automatic writing method that uses a suspended sieve or tray called a planchette to guide a stick writing Chinese characters, either in sand or the ashes of incense.

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Fujian

Fujian is a province on the southeastern coast of China.

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Fuxi

Fuxi or Fu Hsi (伏羲) is a culture hero in Chinese mythology, credited along with his sister and wife Nüwa with creating humanity and the invention of music, hunting, fishing, domestication, and cooking, as well as the Cangjie system of writing Chinese characters around 2900 BC or 2000BC.

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Ganesha

Ganesha (गणेश), also spelled Ganesh, and also known as Ganapati, Vinayaka, Lambodara and Pillaiyar, is one of the best-known and most worshipped deities in the Hindu pantheon and is the Supreme God in the Ganapatya sect.

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Gansu

Gansu is an inland province in Northwestern China.

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Ge Hong

Ge Hong (b. 283 – d. 343 or 364), courtesy name Zhichuan (稚川), was a Chinese linguist, philosopher, physician, politician, and writer during the Eastern Jin dynasty.

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Genius (mythology)

In Roman religion, the genius (genii) is the individual instance of a general divine nature that is present in every individual person, place, or thing.

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Genius loci

In classical Roman religion, a genius loci (genii locorum) was the protective spirit of a place.

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Germany

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.

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Ghosts in Chinese culture

Chinese folklore features a rich variety of ghosts, monsters, and other supernatural creatures.

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Gnomon

A gnomon is the part of a sundial that casts a shadow.

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Granary

A granary is a storehouse or room in a barn for threshed grain or animal feed.

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Grassroots

A grassroots movement is one that uses the people in a given district, region or community as the basis for a political or economic movement.

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Guan Yu

Guan Yu, courtesy name Yunchang, was a Chinese military general serving under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

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Guanxi

Guanxi is a term used in Chinese culture to describe an individual's social network of mutually beneficial personal and business relationships.

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Guodian Chu Slips

The Guodian Chu Slips were unearthed in 1993 in Tomb no.

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Han Chinese

The Han Chinese or the Han people, or colloquially known as the Chinese are an East Asian ethnic group native to Greater China.

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Han dynasty

The Han dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC9 AD, 25–220 AD) established by Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu.

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Heavenly King

Heavenly King or Tian Wang, also translated as Heavenly Prince, is a Chinese title for various religious deities and divine leaders throughout history, as well as an alternate form of the term Son of Heaven, referring to the emperor.

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Hebei

Hebei is a province in North China.

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Heidi (god)

Hēidì or Hēishén, who is the Běidì (Cantonese: Pak Tai) or Běiyuèdàdì, is a deity in Chinese religion, one of the cosmological "Five Forms of the Highest Deity".

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Henan

Henan is an inland province of China.

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Henotheism

Henotheism is the worship of a single, supreme god that does not deny the existence or possible existence of other deities--> that may be worshipped.

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Hinduism

Hinduism is an Indian religion or dharma, a religious and universal order by which its followers abide.

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Hip Tin temples in Hong Kong

There are several Hip Tin Temples in Hong Kong.

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History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)

The time period in China from the founding of the People's Republic in 1949 until Mao's death in 1976 is commonly known as Maoist China and Red China.

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Holism

Holism is the interdisciplinary idea that systems possess properties as wholes apart from the properties of their component parts.

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Holy Confucian Church

The Holy Confucian Church or Holy Church of Confucius (孔圣会 Kǒngshènghuì) or Holy Confucian Church of China (中华孔圣会 Zhōnghuá Kǒngshènghuì) is a religious organisation of Confucianism in China, formed by local Confucian churches or halls (孔圣堂 Kǒngshèngtáng).

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Hong Kong Government Lunar New Year kau chim tradition

In each year's Chinese New Year celebrations in Hong Kong, a member of the Hong Kong Government represents the city in a divination ritual called kau chim.

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Hongwu Emperor

Hongwu Emperor (21 October 1328– 24 June 1398), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Ming, personal name Zhu Yuanzhang, courtesy name Guorui, was the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1368 to 1398.

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Houtu

Hòutǔ or Hòutǔshén, also known as Hòutǔ Niángniáng (in Chinese either or), otherwise called Dimǔ or Dimǔ Niángniáng, is the deity of all land and earth in Chinese religion and mythology.

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Hu Shih

Hu Shih (17 December 189124 February 1962) was a Chinese diplomat, essayist and fiction writer, literary scholar, philosopher, and politician.

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Huainanzi

The Huainanzi is an ancient Chinese text that consists of a collection of essays that resulted from a series of scholarly debates held at the court of Liu An, Prince of Huainan, sometime before 139 BCE.

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Huangdi Sijing

The Huangdi Sijing (lit. "Yellow Emperor's Four Classics") are long-lost Chinese texts, manuscripts of which were discovered among the Mawangdui Silk Texts in 1973.

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Huangdi Yinfujing

The Huangdi Yinfujing, or Yinfujing, is a circa 8th century CE Daoist scripture associated with Chinese astrology and Neidan-style Internal alchemy.

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Huaxia

Huaxia is a historical concept representing the Chinese nation, and came from the self-awareness of a common cultural ancestry by the various confederations of pre-Qin ethnic ancestors of Han people.

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Hun and po

Hun and po are types of souls in Chinese philosophy and traditional religion.

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Hunan

Hunan is an inland province of China.

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Hundred Schools of Thought

The Hundred Schools of Thought were philosophies and schools that flourished during the late Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period (221 BC).

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Hundun

Hundun is both a "legendary faceless being" in Chinese mythology and the "primordial and central chaos" in Chinese cosmogony, comparable with the world egg.

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Huxian

Húxiān ("Fox Immortal"), also called Húshén ("Fox God") or Húwáng ("Fox Ruler") is a deity in Chinese religion whose cult is present in provinces of north China (from Henan and Shandong northwards), but especially in northeast China where it can be said to be the most popular deity.

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I Ching

The I Ching or Yijing, usually translated Book of Changes or Classic of Changes, is an ancient Chinese divination text that is among the oldest of the Chinese classics.

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Immanence

The doctrine or theory of immanence holds that the divine encompasses or is manifested in the material world.

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Imperium

In ancient Rome, imperium was a form of authority held by a citizen to control a military or governmental entity.

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India

India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian religions

Indian religions, sometimes also termed Dharmic religions or Indic religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent.

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Indigenous religion

Indigenous religions is a category used in the study of religion to demarcate the religious belief systems of communities described as being "indigenous".

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Inner Mongolia

Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China.

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Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind

Interactions between Heaven and Mankind is a set of doctrines formulated by Chinese Han dynasty scholar Dong Zhongshu which at that time became the basis for deciding the legitimacy of a monarch.

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Investiture of the Gods

The Investiture of the Gods, also known by its Chinese names and is a 16th-century Chinese novel and one of the major vernacular Chinese works in the gods and demons (shenmo) genre written during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644).

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J. J. M. de Groot

Jan Jakob Maria de Groot (18 February 185424 September 1921) was a Dutch sinologist and historian of religion.

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Jade Emperor

In the myths and folk religion of Chinese culture, the Jade Emperor or Yudi is one of the representations of the primordial god.

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Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia, located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asian mainland.

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Jiaobei

Moon blocks or jiaobei (also written as jiao bei etc. variants), also poe (from; as used in the term "''poe'' divination"), are wooden divination tools originating from China, which are used in pairs and thrown to seek divine guidance in the form of a yes or no question.

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Jilin City

Jilin City is the second-largest city and former capital of Jilin province in northeast China.

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Jingxiang

Jìngxiāng (敬香 "offering incense with respect"), shàngxiāng (上香 "offering incense"), bàishén (拜神 "worshipping the Gods"), is a ritual of offering incense accompanied by tea and or fruits in Chinese traditional religion.

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Johns Hopkins University Press

Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University.

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Journal of Democracy

The Journal of Democracy is a quarterly academic journal established in 1990 and an official publication of the National Endowment for Democracy's International Forum for Democratic Studies.

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Journey to the West

Journey to the West is a Chinese novel published in the 16th century during the Ming dynasty and attributed to Wu Cheng'en.

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Kami

are the deities, divinities, spirits, mythological, spiritual, or natural phenomena that are venerated in the Shinto religion.

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Kau chim

Kau chim, kau cim, chien tung, "lottery poetry" and Chinese fortune sticks are names for a fortune telling practice that originated in China in which a person poses questions and interprets answers from flat sticks inscribed with text or numerals.

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Kūkai

Kūkai (空海; 27 July 774 – 22 April 835Kūkai was born in 774, the 5th year of the Hōki era; his exact date of birth was designated as the fifteenth day of the sixth month of the Japanese lunar calendar, some 400 years later, by the Shingon sect (Hakeda, 1972 p. 14). Accordingly, Kūkai's birthday is commemorated on June 15 in modern times.

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Kenosis

In Christian theology, kenosis is the "self-emptying" of Jesus.

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King Father of the East

King Father of the East, also known as Dongwanggong (東王公), is the tutelary deity of the Taoist immortals.

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Kitchen God

The kitchen deity – also known as the Stove God, named Zao Jun, Zao Shen, TSgt Chun, Zao kimjah, Cokimjah or Zhang Lang – is the most important of a plethora of Chinese domestic gods that protect the hearth and family.

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Korean shamanism

Korean shamanism, also known as or Mu-ism, is a religion from Korea. Chinese folk religion and Korean shamanism are east Asian religions.

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Kristofer Schipper

Kristofer Marinus Schipper (23 October 1934 – 18 February 2021), also known as Rik Schipper and by his Chinese name Shi Zhouren, was a Dutch sinologist.

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Kui Xing

Kui Xing, originally called 奎星 (also kuí xīng), also known as 大魁夫子 "Great Master Kui" or 大魁星君 "Great Kui the Star Lord", is a character in Chinese religion, the Deity of Examinations, and one of the Five Gods of Literature, Wu Wen Chang.

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Kunlun (mythology)

The Kunlun or Kunlun Shan is a mountain or mountain range in Chinese mythology, an important symbol representing the axis mundi and divinity.

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Kuomintang

The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially based on the Chinese mainland and then in Taiwan since 1949.

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Kwan Tai temples in Hong Kong

There are several Kwan Tai Temples in Hong Kong.

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Laozi

Laozi (老子), also romanized as Lao Tzu and various other ways, was a semi-legendary ancient Chinese philosopher, author of the Tao Te Ching, the foundational text of Taoism along with the Zhuangzi.

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Late Qing reforms

Late Qing reforms, commonly known as New Policies of the late Qing dynasty, or New Deal of the late Qing dynasty, simply referred to as New Policies, were a series of cultural, economic, educational, military, diplomatic, and political reforms implemented in the last decade of the Qing dynasty to keep the dynasty in power after the invasions of the great powers of the Eight Nation Alliance in league with the ten provinces of the Southeast Mutual Protection during the Boxer Rebellion.

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Latin

Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Li (Confucianism)

In traditional Confucian philosophy, is an ethical concept broadly translatable as 'rite'.

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Liexian Zhuan

The Liexian Zhuan, sometimes translated as Biographies of Immortals, is the oldest extant Chinese hagiography of Daoist xian "transcendents; immortals; saints; alchemists".

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Liezi

The Liezi is a Taoist text attributed to Lie Yukou, a c. 5th century BC Hundred Schools of Thought philosopher.

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Lin (surname)

Lin is the Mandarin romanization of the Chinese surname written 林, which has many variations depending on the language and is also used in Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia.

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Ling (Chinese religion)

Ling (linh) is the notion of sacred in Chinese traditional religions.

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List of Celestial Masters

This is a list of the Celestial Masters, leaders of Zhengyi Dao, continuing Wudoumi Dao (Way of the Five Pecks of Rice).

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List of City God Temples in China

This is a list of City God Temples in China.

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List of fire deities

This is a list of deities in fire worship.

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List of Mazu temples

This is a list of Mazu temples, dedicated to Mazu (媽祖) also known as Tian Shang Sheng Mu (天上聖母) or Tian Hou (天后) Chinese Goddess of Sea and Patron Deity of fishermen, sailors and any occupations related to sea/ocean, also regarded as Ancestral Deity for Lin (林) Clan.

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List of mosques in China

This is a list of notable mosques in China.

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List of nature deities

In religion, a nature deity is a deity in charge of forces of nature, such as a water deity, vegetation deity, sky deity, solar deity, fire deity, or any other naturally occurring phenomena such as mountains, trees, or volcanoes.

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List of temples in Taichung

Like many of Taiwan's older cities, Taichung (founded in 1705) has a large number of old temples and shrines that have historical value and are typical of the eras in which they were built.

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List of water deities

A water deity is a deity in mythology associated with water or various bodies of water.

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Luo teaching

Luodao (罗道 "Way of Luo") or Luoism (罗教), originally Wuweiism (无为教), refers to a Chinese folk religious tradition, a wide range of sect organisations flourishing over the last five hundred years, which trace their origins back to the mystic and preacher Luo Menghong (1443–1527), the Patriarch Luo (罗祖 Luōzǔ) and the revelation contained in his major scripture, the Wǔbùliùcè (五部六册 "Five Instructions in Six Books"), the official title of which is The Scroll of Apprehending the Way through Hard Work and that marked the beginning of the precious scrolls' tradition.

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Macranthropy

Macranthropy is an allegorical concept where the universe is portrayed as a giant human body, with various cosmic elements represented as body parts.

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Mainland China

Mainland China is the territory under direct administration of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War.

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Malaysia

Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia.

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Manchu shamanism

Manchu folk religion or Manchu traditional religion is the ethnic religion practiced by most of the Manchu people, the major Tungusic group in China. Chinese folk religion and Manchu shamanism are east Asian religions.

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Manchukuo

Manchukuo was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in Northeast China that existed from 1932 until its dissolution in 1945.

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Mandala

A mandala (circle) is a geometric configuration of symbols.

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Mandate of Heaven

The Mandate of Heaven is a Chinese political ideology that was used in Ancient China and Imperial China to legitimize the rule of the king or emperor of China.

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Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese politician, Marxist theorist, military strategist, poet, and revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Max Weber

Maximilian Karl Emil Weber (21 April 186414 June 1920) was a German sociologist, historian, jurist, and political economist who was one of the central figures in the development of sociology and the social sciences more generally.

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Mayfair Yang

Mayfair Yang or Yang Meihui is a Taiwanese-American cultural anthropologist of China.

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Mazu

Mazu or Matsu is a Chinese sea goddess in Chinese folk religion, Chinese Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism.

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Mencius

Mencius was a Chinese Confucian philosopher, often described as the Second Sage (亞聖) to reflect his traditional esteem relative to Confucius himself.

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Miao folk religion

Kev Dab Kev Qhuas (Hmong folk spirituality or Miao folk spirituality) is the common ethnic religion of the Miao people, best translated as the "practice of spirituality".

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Miao people

The Miao are a group of linguistically related peoples living in Southern China and Southeast Asia, who are recognized by the government of China as one of the 56 official ethnic groups.

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Miaohui

Miaohui (廟會/庙会), literally temple gatherings or translated as temple fairs, also called yíngshén sàihuì (迎神賽會/迎神赛会 "collective rituals to greet the gods"), are Chinese religious gatherings held by Miao shrines for the worship of the Chinese gods and immortals.

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Millenarianism

Millenarianism or millenarism is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed".

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Ming dynasty

The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.

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Ming yun

Ming yun is a concept of the personal life and destiny in the Chinese folk religion.

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Miracle

A miracle is an event that is inexplicable by natural or scientific lawsOne dictionary defines as: "A surprising and welcome event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore considered to be the work of a divine agency." and accordingly gets attributed to some supernatural or praeternatural cause.

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Mo (religion)

Mo or Moism is the religion of most Zhuang people, the largest ethnic minority of China. Chinese folk religion and mo (religion) are east Asian religions.

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Modern China (journal)

Modern China is a peer-reviewed academic journal dedicated to China studies.

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Mohism

Mohism or Moism was an ancient Chinese philosophy of ethics and logic, rational thought, and scientific technology developed by the scholars who studied under the ancient Chinese philosopher Mozi (c. 470 BC – c. 391 BC), embodied in an eponymous book: the Mozi.

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Mongolian shamanism

Mongolian shamanism (Бөө мөргөл — Böö mörgöl), more broadly called the Mongolian folk religion, or occasionally Tengerism, refers to the animistic and shamanic ethnic religion that has been practiced in Mongolia and its surrounding areas (including Buryatia and Inner Mongolia) at least since the age of recorded history. Chinese folk religion and Mongolian shamanism are east Asian religions.

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Monkey King Festival

The Monkey King Festival is celebrated in Hong Kong on the 16th day of the eighth Lunar month of the Chinese calendar, corresponding to September according to the Common era calendar, a day after the Mid Autumn Festival.

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Monolatry

Monolatry (single, and label) is the belief in the existence of many gods, but with the consistent worship of only one deity.

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Monotheism

Monotheism is the belief that one god is the only deity.

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Mother goddess

A mother goddess is a major goddess characterized as a mother or progenitor, either as an embodiment of motherhood and fertility or fulfilling the cosmological role of a creator- and/or destroyer-figure, typically associated the Earth, sky, and/or the life-giving bounties thereof in a maternal relation with humanity or other gods.

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Mount Hua

Mount Hua is a mountain located near the city of Huayin in Shaanxi Province, about east of Xi'an.

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Mozi (book)

The Mozi, also called the Mojing or the Mohist canon, is an ancient Chinese text from the Warring States period (476–221 BC) that expounds the philosophy of Mohism.

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Multiperspectivity

Multiperspectivity (sometimes polyperspectivity) is a characteristic of narration or representation, where more than one perspective is represented to the audience.

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Myth

Myth is a genre of folklore consisting primarily of narratives that play a fundamental role in a society.

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National Endowment for Democracy

The National Endowment for Democracy (NED) is a quasi-autonomous non-governmental organization in the United States founded in 1983 with the stated aim of advancing democracy worldwide, by promoting political and economic institutions, such as political groups, trade unions, free markets, and business groups.

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Nüwa

Nüwa, also read Nügua, is a mother goddess, culture hero, and/or member of the Three Sovereigns of Chinese mythology.

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Neo-Confucianism

Neo-Confucianism (often shortened to lǐxué 理學, literally "School of Principle") is a moral, ethical, and metaphysical Chinese philosophy influenced by Confucianism, which originated with Han Yu (768–824) and Li Ao (772–841) in the Tang dynasty, and became prominent during the Song and Ming dynasties under the formulations of Zhu Xi (1130–1200).

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Nine Emperor Gods Festival

The Nine Emperor Gods Festival (九皇爺誕; Perayaan Sembilan Maharaja Dewa; เทศกาลกินเจ) or Vegetarian Festival or Jay Festival is a nine-day Taoist celebration beginning on the eve of the ninth lunar month of the Chinese calendar, celebrated primarily in Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Southern Thailand by the Peranakans community.

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Ningde

Ningde is a city located along the northeastern coast of Fujian, China.

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North China Plain

The North China Plain is a large-scale downfaulted rift basin formed in the late Paleogene and Neogene and then modified by the deposits of the Yellow River.

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Northeast China folk religion

Northeast China folk religion is the variety of Chinese folk religion of northeast China, characterised by distinctive cults original to Hebei and Shandong, transplanted and adapted by the Han Chinese settlers of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang (the three provinces comprising Northeast China) since the Qing dynasty.

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Northern and southern China

Northern China and Southern China are two approximate regions within China.

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Northern Shaanxi

Northern Shaanxi, or Shaanbei, is the portion of China's Shaanxi north of the Huanglong Mountain and the Meridian Ridge (the so-called "Guanzhong north mountains"), and is both a geographic as well as a cultural area.

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Northern Wei

Wei, known in historiography as the Northern Wei, Tuoba Wei, Yuan Wei and Later Wei, was an imperial dynasty of China ruled by the Tuoba (Tabgach) clan of the Xianbei.

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Numen

Numen (plural numina) is a Latin term for "divinity", "divine presence", or "divine will".

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Nuo folk religion

Nuo folk religion, or extendedly, Chinese popular exorcistic religion, is a variant of Chinese folk religion with its own system of temples, rituals, orders of priests, and gods that is interethnic and practiced across central and southern China but is also intimately connected to the Tujia people.

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Orthopraxy

In the study of religion, orthopraxy is correct conduct, both ethical and liturgical, as opposed to faith or grace.

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Overseas Chinese

Overseas Chinese people are those of Chinese birth or ethnicity who reside outside mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau.

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Pangu

Pangu is a primordial being and creation figure in Chinese mythology and Taoism.

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Pantheism

Pantheism is the philosophical and religious belief that reality, the universe, and nature are identical to divinity or a supreme entity.

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Pantheon (religion)

A pantheon is the particular set of all gods of any individual polytheistic religion, mythology, or tradition.

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Papier-mâché offering shops in Hong Kong

Traditional papier-mâché offering shops in Hong Kong sell papier-mâché offerings for sacred and festival-celebration purposes.

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Philanthropy

Philanthropy is a form of altruism that consists of "private initiatives for the public good, focusing on quality of life".

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Pilgrimage

A pilgrimage is a journey to a holy place, which can lead to a personal transformation, after which the pilgrim returns to their daily life.

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Pneuma

Pneuma (πνεῦμα) is an ancient Greek word for "breath", and in a religious context for "spirit" or "soul".

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Polytheism

Polytheism is the belief in or worship of more than one god.

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Prasenjit Duara

Prasenjit Duara (অসমীয়া: প্রসেনজিৎ দুৱৰা), originally from Assam, India, a historian of China, is Oscar Tang Family Distinguished Professor, Department of History, Duke University, after being the Raffles Professor of Humanities at the National University of Singapore where he was also Director of Asian Research Institute and Director of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences.

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President of the Republic of China

The president of the Republic of China, also referred to as the president of Taiwan, is the head of state of the Republic of China (Taiwan) as well as the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces.

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Progenitor

In genealogy, the progenitor (rarer: primogenitor; Stammvater or Ahnherr) is the – sometimes legendary – founder of a family, line of descent, clan or tribe, noble house, or ethnic group.

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Psyche (psychology)

In psychology, the psyche is the totality of the human mind, conscious and unconscious.

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Purdue University

Purdue University is a public land-grant research university in West Lafayette, Indiana, and the flagship campus of the Purdue University system.

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Putian

Putian (Putian dialect: Pó-chéng), also known as Puyang (莆阳) and Puxian (莆仙), historically known as Xinghua, is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.

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Putian people

The Putian people (Chinese: 莆田人, pinyin: Pútiánrén; Puxian Min: 莆仙儂, Hinghwa Romanized: Pó-sing-náng) are people from Putian, east Fujian, China.

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Qi

In the Sinosphere, qi is traditionally believed to be a vital force part of all living entities.

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Qiang folk religion

Qiang folk religion is the indigenous religion of the majority of the Qiang people, an ethnic group of Sichuan (China) tightly related to the Han Chinese and the Tibetans.

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Qigong

Qigong, is a system of coordinated body-posture and movement, breathing, and meditation said to be useful for the purposes of health, spirituality, and martial arts training.

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Qing dynasty

The Qing dynasty, officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last imperial dynasty in Chinese history.

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Qing Shan King Sacrificial Ceremony

The Qing Shan King Sacrificial Ceremony (青山王祭) is a centuries-old festival that is held annually in Wanhua, Taipei, Taiwan.

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Qingming Festival

The Qingming Festival or Ching Ming Festival, also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day in English (sometimes also called Chinese Memorial Day, Ancestors' Day, the Clear Brightness Festival, or the Pure Brightness Festival), is a traditional Chinese festival observed by ethnic Chinese in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, Cambodia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.

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Qingshui County

Qingshui County is a county in Gansu province, China, bordering Shaanxi province to the east.

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Qiongxiao Niangniang

Qiongxiao Xianzi, also known as Zhao Qiongxiao, is a character in the classic 16th-century Chinese novel Fengshen Yanyi.

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Quanzhen School

The Quanzhen School (全真: Quánzhēn, "All-True", Complete Perfection, Integrating Perfection or Complete Reality) is currently one of the two dominant denominations of Daoism in China.

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Queen Mother of the West

The Queen Mother of the West, known by various local names, is a mother goddess in Chinese religion and mythology, also worshipped later in neighbouring Asian countries.

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Records of the Grand Historian

Records of the Grand Historian, also known by its Chinese name Shiji, is a monumental history of China that is the first of China's Twenty-Four Histories.

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Rectification of names

The rectification of names is originally a doctrine of feudal Confucian designations and relationships, behaving accordingly to ensure social harmony.

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Religion in China

Religion in China is diverse and most Chinese people are either non-religious or practice a combination of Buddhism and Taoism with a Confucian worldview, which is collectively termed as Chinese folk religion.

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Religion in Inner Mongolia

Religion in Inner Mongolia is characterised by the diverse traditions of Mongolian-Tibetan Buddhism, Chinese Buddhism, the Chinese traditional religion including the traditional Chinese ancestral religion, Taoism, Confucianism and folk religious sects, and the Mongolian native religion.

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Religious goods store

A religious goods store, also known as a religious bookstore, religious gifts store or religious supplies shop, is a store specializing in supplying materials used in the practice of a particular religious tradition, such as Buddhism, Taoism, Chinese folk religion, Christianity and Islam among other religions.

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Religious syncretism

Religious syncretism is the blending of religious belief systems into a new system, or the incorporation of other beliefs into an existing religious tradition.

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Republic of China (1912–1949)

The Republic of China (ROC), or simply China, as a sovereign state was based on mainland China from 1912 to 1949, when the government retreated to Taiwan, where it continues to be based.

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Richard Madsen (sociologist)

Richard Madsen is distinguished Professor of Sociology the University of California, San Diego, specializing in sociology of China.

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Rite of passage

A rite of passage is a ceremony or ritual of the passage which occurs when an individual leaves one group to enter another.

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Sacred enclosure

In the study of the history of religions and anthropology, a sacred enclosure refers to any structure intended to separate two spaces: a sacred space and a profane space.

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Sacred mountains

Sacred mountains are central to certain religions, and are usually the subjects of many legends.

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Sacred Mountains of China

The Sacred Mountains of China are divided into several groups.

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Sacredness

Sacred describes something that is dedicated or set apart for the service or worship of a deity; is considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion; or inspires awe or reverence among believers.

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Sacrifice

Sacrifice is the offering of material possessions or the lives of animals or humans to a deity as an act of propitiation or worship.

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Sage Publishing

Sage Publishing, formerly SAGE Publications, is an American independent academic publishing company, founded in 1965 in New York City by Sara Miller McCune and now based in the Newbury Park neighborhood of Thousand Oaks, California.

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Salvation

Salvation (from Latin: salvatio, from salva, 'safe, saved') is the state of being saved or protected from harm or a dire situation.

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Sanyi teaching

The Harmonious Church of the Three-in-One, or Sanyiism and Xiaism, is a Chinese folk religious sect of Confucian character founded in the 16th century by Lin Zhao'en, in Putian.

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Science and Civilisation in China

Science and Civilisation in China (1954–present) is an ongoing series of books about the history of science and technology in China published by Cambridge University Press.

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Second Sino-Japanese War

The Second Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between 1937 and 1945, following a period of war localized to Manchuria that started in 1931.

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Shaanxi

Shaanxi is an inland province in Northwestern China.

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Shamanism

Shamanism or samanism is a religious practice that involves a practitioner (shaman or saman) interacting with the spirit world through altered states of consciousness, such as trance.

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Shandong

Shandong is a coastal province in East China.

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Shang dynasty

The Shang dynasty, also known as the Yin dynasty, was a Chinese royal dynasty that ruled in the Yellow River valley during the second millennium BC, traditionally succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Western Zhou dynasty.

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Shangdi

Shangdi, also called simply Di, is the name of the Chinese Highest Deity or "Lord Above" in the theology of the classical texts, especially deriving from Shang theology and finding an equivalent in the later Tiān ("Heaven" or "Great Whole") of Zhou theology.

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Shanghai

Shanghai is a direct-administered municipality and the most populous urban area in China.

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Shangqing School

The Shangqing School (Chinese:上清), also known as Supreme Clarity, Highest Clarity, or Supreme Purity, is a Daoist movement that began during the aristocracy of the Western Jin dynasty.

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Shanrendao

Shanrendao (l) is a Confucian-Taoist religious movement in northeast China.

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Shanxi

Shanxi is an inland province of China and is part of the North China region.

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Shen (Chinese religion)

Shen is a Chinese word with senses of deity, god or spirit.

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Shennong

Shennong (神農), variously translated as "Divine Farmer" or "Divine Husbandman", born Jiang Shinian (姜石年), was a mythological Chinese ruler known as the first Yan Emperor who has become a deity in Chinese and Vietnamese folk religion.

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Shenxian Zhuan

The Shenxian Zhuan, sometimes given in translation as the Biographies of the Deities and Immortals, is a hagiography of immortals and description of Chinese gods, partially attributed to the Daoist scholar Ge Hong (283-343).

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Shi Yi Ji

Shi Yi Ji is a Chinese mythological / historical treatise compiled by the Taoist scholar Wang Jia (died 390).

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Shinto

Shinto is a religion originating in Japan. Chinese folk religion and Shinto are animism and east Asian religions.

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Shizi (book)

The Shizi is an eclectic Chinese classic written by Shi Jiao 尸佼 (c. 390–330 BCE), and the earliest text from Chinese philosophical school of Zajia (雜家 "Syncretism"), which combined ideas from the Hundred Schools of Thought, including Confucianism, Daoism, Mohism, and Legalism.

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Shuowen Jiezi

The Shuowen Jiezi is a Chinese dictionary compiled by Xu Shen, during the Eastern Han dynasty (25–206 CE).

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Sinicization

Sinicization, sinofication, sinification, or sinonization (from the prefix, 'Chinese, relating to China') is the process by which non-Chinese societies or groups are acculturated or assimilated into Chinese culture or society, particularly the language, societal norms, culture, and ethnic identity of the Han Chinese—the largest ethnic group of China.

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Sino-Platonic Papers

Sino-Platonic Papers is a scholarly monographic series published by the University of Pennsylvania.

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Sinology

Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China.

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Song dynasty

The Song dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 960 to 1279.

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Soteriology

Soteriology (σωτηρία "salvation" from σωτήρ "savior, preserver" and λόγος "study" or "word") is the study of religious doctrines of salvation.

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Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.

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Spirit tablet

A spirit tablet, memorial tablet, or ancestral tablet is a placard that people used to designate the seat of a deity or past ancestor as well as to enclose it.

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Stephen F. Teiser

Stephen F. Teiser (born 1956) is the D. T. Suzuki Professor in Buddhist Studies and Professor of Religion at Princeton University, where he is also the Director of the Program in East Asian Studies.

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Sun Tzu

Sun Tzu (p) was a Chinese military general, strategist, philosopher, and writer who lived during the Eastern Zhou period (771–256 BC).

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Supreme Council for the Confucian Religion in Indonesia

The Supreme Council for the Confucian Religion in Indonesia (Majelis Tinggi Agama Konghucu Indonesia, MATAKIN) is a Confucian church established in 1955 in Indonesia, comprising the communities of practitioners of Confucianism mostly among Chinese Indonesians.

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Swastika

The swastika (卐 or 卍) is an ancient religious and cultural symbol, predominantly found in various Eurasian cultures, as well as some African and American ones.

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Tai folk religion

The Tai folk religion, Satsana Phi or Ban Phi is the ancient native ethnic religion of Tai people still practiced by various Tai groups. Chinese folk religion and Tai folk religion are folk religions.

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Taiji (philosophy)

In Chinese philosophy, taiji is a cosmological state of the universe and its affairs on all levels, including the mutually reinforcing interactions between the two opposing forces of yin and yang, (a dualistic monism), as well as that among the Three Treasures, the four cardinal directions, and the Five Elements—which together ultimately bring about the myriad things, each with their own nature.

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Taijitu

In Chinese philosophy, a taijitu is a symbol or diagram representing taiji in both its monist (wuji) and its dualist (yin and yang) forms in application is a deductive and inductive theoretical model.

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Taiping Rebellion

The Taiping Rebellion, also known as the Taiping Civil War or the Taiping Revolution, was a civil war in China between the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Hakka-led Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

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Taiwan

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia.

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Taiwan under Japanese rule

The island of Taiwan, together with the Penghu Islands, became an annexed territory of Japan in 1895, when the Qing dynasty ceded Fujian-Taiwan Province in the Treaty of Shimonoseki after the Japanese victory in the First Sino-Japanese War.

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Taiwanese chicken-beheading rituals

Chicken-beheading rituals are a quasi-judicial ritual in Taiwanese culture that have acted as a dispute resolution mechanism for complicated and emotionally charged disputes that have not been settled in traditional courts or through private mediation.

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Taiyi Shengshui

Taiyi Shengshui is an ancient Chinese text written around 300 BC during the Warring States period.

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Talisman

A talisman is any object ascribed with religious or magical powers intended to protect, heal, or harm individuals for whom they are made.

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Tang Chun-i

Tang Chun-I or Tang Junyi (17 January 1909 – 2 February 1978) was a Chinese philosopher who was one of the leading exponents of New Confucianism.

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Tao

In various Chinese religions and philosophies, the Tao or Dao is the natural lessons of the universe that one's intuition must discern to realize the potential for individual wisdom and spiritual growth, as conceived in the context of East Asian philosophy, religion, and related traditions. This seeing of life cannot be grasped as a concept.

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Tao Te Ching

The Tao Te Ching or Laozi is a Chinese classic text and foundational work of Taoism traditionally credited to the sage Laozi, though the text's authorship, date of composition and date of compilation are debated.

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Taoism

Taoism or Daoism is a diverse philosophical and religious tradition indigenous to China, emphasizing harmony with the Tao—generally understood as an impersonal, enigmatic process of transformation ultimately underlying reality. Chinese folk religion and Taoism are east Asian religions.

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Taoist temple

A Taoist temple, also called a (道观) or (宫观), is a place where the Tao is observed and cultivated.

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Temple

A temple (from the Latin templum) is a place of worship, a building used for spiritual rituals and activities such as prayer and sacrifice.

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Ten Wings

The Ten Wings (十翼 shí yì) is a collection of commentaries (傳 zhuan) to the classical Chinese Book of Changes (易經 Yì jīng) traditionally ascribed to Confucius.

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Tengrism

Tengrism (also known as Tengriism, Tengerism, or Tengrianism) is a religion originating in the Eurasian steppes, based on shamanism and animism.

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The Buddha

Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha ('the awakened'), was a wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism.

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The Peach Blossom Spring

The Peach Blossom Spring (also translated as “(The Record of) the Peach Blossom”), or Peach Blossom Spring Story or The Peach Blossom Land was a fable written by Tao Yuanming in 421 CE about a chance discovery of an ethereal utopia where the people lead an ideal existence in harmony with nature, unaware of the outside world for centuries.

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Thumos

Thumos, also spelled Thymos (θυμός), is the Ancient Greek concept of (as in "a spirited stallion" or "spirited debate").

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Tian

Tian (天) is one of the oldest Chinese terms for heaven and a key concept in Chinese mythology, philosophy, and religion.

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Tiandi teachings

Tiandiism is a group of Chinese salvationist sects, namely the Holy Church of the Heavenly Virtue and the Lord of Universe Church, which emerged respectively from the teachings of Xiao Changming and Li Yujie, disseminated in the early 20th century.

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Tianshui

Tianshui is a prefecture-level city in Gansu province, China, and is the province's second-largest city (behind the provincial capital Lanzhou).

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Tianzhu (Chinese name of God)

Tianzhu (w), meaning "Heavenly Master" or "Lord of Heaven", was the Chinese word used by the Jesuit China missions to designate God.

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Tibet Autonomous Region

The Tibet Autonomous Region, officially the Xizang Autonomous Region, often shortened to Tibet or Xizang, is an autonomous region of China and is part of Southwestern China.

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Tin Hau temples in Hong Kong

Tin Hau temples in Hong Kong are dedicated to Tin Hau (Mazu).

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Tongji (spirit medium)

Tongji (Tâi-lô: tâng-ki) or Jitong is a Chinese folk religious practitioner, usually translated as a "spirit medium", "oracle", or "shaman".

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Totem

A totem (from ᑑᑌᒼ or ᑑᑌᒻ doodem) is a spirit being, sacred object, or symbol that serves as an emblem of a group of people, such as a family, clan, lineage, or tribe, such as in the Anishinaabe clan system.

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Traditional Chinese medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an alternative medical practice drawn from traditional medicine in China.

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Transcendence (religion)

In religion, transcendence is the aspect of existence that is completely independent of the material universe, beyond all known physical laws.

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Triad (organized crime)

A triad is a Chinese transnational organized crime syndicate based in Greater China with outposts in various countries having significant overseas Chinese populations.

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Tu Weiming

Tu Weiming (born 1940) is a Chinese-born American philosopher.

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Tujia people

The Tujia (Northern Tujia: Bifjixkhar / Bifzixkar, IPA:, Southern Tujia: Mongrzzir) are an ethnic group and, with a total population of over 8 million, the eighth-largest officially recognized ethnic minority in the People's Republic of China.

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Tungusic peoples

Tungusic peoples are an ethnolinguistic group formed by the speakers of Tungusic languages (or Manchu–Tungus languages).

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Tutelary deity

A tutelary (also tutelar) is a deity or a spirit who is a guardian, patron, or protector of a particular place, geographic feature, person, lineage, nation, culture, or occupation.

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Universalism

Universalism is the philosophical and theological concept that some ideas have universal application or applicability.

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Vietnamese folk religion

Vietnamese folk religion (tín ngưỡng dân gian Việt Nam, sometimes just called đạo lương, Chữ Hán: 道良) is a group of spiritual beliefs and practices adhered by the Vietnamese people. Chinese folk religion and Vietnamese folk religion are folk religions.

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Viking Press

Viking Press (formally Viking Penguin, also listed as Viking Books) is an American publishing company owned by Penguin Random House.

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Wang Ye worship

Wang Ye worship is a Fujianese and Taiwanese folk religion, frequently considered an aspect of the Taoist belief system.

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Warp and weft

In the manufacture of cloth, warp and weft are the two basic components in weaving to transform thread and yarn into textile fabrics.

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Way of the Gods according to the Confucian Tradition

The Way of the Gods according to the Confucian Tradition (Chinese: 儒宗神教 Rúzōng Shénjiào), also called the Luandao (鸾道 "Phoenix Way" or 鸾门 Luánmén, "Phoenix Gate") or Luanism (鸾教 Luánjiào)Clart, Jones.

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West Coast of the United States

The West Coast of the United Statesalso known as the Pacific Coast, and the Western Seaboardis the coastline along which the Western United States meets the North Pacific Ocean.

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Western China

Western China is the west of China.

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Wu (awareness)

Wu is a concept of awareness, consciousness, or spiritual enlightenment in the Chinese folk religion.

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Wu (shaman)

Wu is a Chinese term translating to "shaman" or "sorcerer", originally the practitioners of Chinese shamanism or "Wuism" (巫教 wū jiào).

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Wu wei

Wu wei is an ancient Chinese concept literally meaning "inexertion", "inaction", or "effortless action".

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Wufang Shangdi

The Wǔfāng Shàngdì (五方上帝 "Five Regions' Highest Deities" or "Highest Deities of the Five Regions"), or simply Wǔdì (五帝 "Five Deities") or Wǔshén (五神 "Five Gods") are, in Chinese canonical texts and common Chinese religion, the fivefold manifestation of the supreme God of Heaven (天 Tiān, or equivalently 上帝 Shàngdì).

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Wuxing (Chinese philosophy)

(五行|p.

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Xian (Taoism)

A xian is any manner of immortal, mythical being within the Taoist pantheon or Chinese folklore.

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Xiantiandao

The Xiantiandao (or "Way of the Primordial"; Vietnamese: Tiên Thiên Đạo, Japanese), also simply Tiandao (Vietnamese: Thiên Đạo, Japanese) is one of the most productive currents of Chinese folk religious sects such as the White Lotus Sect, characterised by representing the principle of divinity as feminine and by a concern for salvation (moral completion) of mankind. Chinese folk religion and Xiantiandao are east Asian religions.

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Xu Shen

Xu Shen was a Chinese calligrapher, philologist, politician, and writer of the Eastern Han dynasty (25–189 CE).

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Xuanyuan teaching

Xuanyuandao (軒轅道 "Way of Xuanyuan"), also known as Xuanyuanism (軒轅教) or Huangdiism (黄帝教), is a Confucian folk religion of China which was founded in Taipei, Taiwan, in 1952.

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Xuanzang

Xuanzang ((Hsüen Tsang); 6 April 6025 February 664), born Chen Hui / Chen Yi (/), also known by his Sanskrit Dharma name Mokṣadeva, was a 7th-century Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator.

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Xunzi (book)

The Xunzi is an ancient Chinese collection of philosophical writings attributed to and named after Xun Kuang, a 3rd-century BCE philosopher usually associated with the Confucian tradition.

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Yan Emperor

The Yan Emperor or the Flame Emperor was a legendary ancient Chinese ruler in pre-dynastic times.

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Yan Huang Zisun

Yan Huang Zisun, or descendants of Yan and Yellow Emperors, is a term that represents the Chinese people and refers to an ethnocultural identity based on a common ancestry associated with a mythological origin.

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Yan Mountains

The Yan Mountains, also known by their Chinese name Yanshan, are a major mountain range to the north of the North China Plain, principally in the province of Hebei.

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Yangge

Yangge is a form of Chinese folk dance developed from a dance known in the Song dynasty as Village Music (村田樂).

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Yao folk religion

Yao folk religion is the ethnic religion of the Yao people, a non-Sinitic ethnic group who reside in the Guangxi, Hunan and surrounding provinces of China. Chinese folk religion and Yao folk religion are east Asian religions and folk religions.

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Yao people

The Yao people or Dao (người Dao) is a classification for various ethnic minorities in China and Vietnam.

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Yellow Emperor

The Yellow Emperor, also known as the Yellow Thearch or by his Chinese name Huangdi, is a mythical Chinese sovereign and culture hero included among the legendary Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, and an individual deity (shen) or part of the Five Regions Highest Deities in Chinese folk religion.

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Yi people

The Yi or Nuosu people (Nuosu: ꆈꌠ,; see also § Names and subgroups) are an ethnic group in southern China.

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Yiguandao

Yiguandao / I-Kuan Tao, meaning the Consistent Way or Persistent Way, is a Chinese salvationist religious sect that emerged in the late 19th century, in Shandong, to become China's most important redemptive society in the 1930s and 1940s, especially during the Japanese invasion. Chinese folk religion and Yiguandao are east Asian religions.

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Yin and yang

Yin and yang, also yinyang or yin-yang, is a concept that originated in Chinese philosophy, describing an opposite but interconnected, self-perpetuating cycle.

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Yu the Great

Yu the Great or Yu the Engineer was a legendary king in ancient China who was famed for "the first successful state efforts at flood control," his establishment of the Xia dynasty which inaugurated dynastic rule in China, and his upright moral character.

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Yuanfen

Yuán or Yuanfen, "fateful coincidence," is a concept in Chinese society describing good and bad chances and potential relationships.

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Yulin, Shaanxi

Yulin is a prefecture-level city in the Shanbei region of Shaanxi province, China, bordering Inner Mongolia to the north, Shanxi to the east, and Ningxia to the west.

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Yunxiao Niangniang

Yunxiao Xianzi, also known as Zhao Yunxiao, is a character in the classic 16th-century Chinese novel Fengshen Yanyi.

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Zaili teaching

Zailiism (在理教, the "Way of the Abiding Principle") or Liism (理教), also known as the Baiyidao (白衣道 "White-Clad Way") or Bafangdao (八方道 "Octagonal Way"), is a Chinese folk religious sect of north China, founded in the 17th century by Yang Zai.

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Zhang Zai

Zhang Zai (1020–1077) was a Chinese philosopher and politician.

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Zhengyi Dao

Zhengyi Dao, also known as the Way of Orthodox Unity, Teaching of the Orthodox Unity, and Branch of the Orthodox Unity is a Chinese Taoist movement that traditionally refers to the same Taoist lineage as the Way of the Five Pecks of Rice and Way of the Celestial Masters, but in the period of the Tang dynasty and its history thereafter.

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Zhenren

Zhenren (or 'person of truth') is a Chinese term that first appeared in the Zhuangzi meaning "Taoist spiritual master" in those writings.

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Zhong Kui

Zhong Kui (Jonggyu; Shōki; Chung Quỳ) is a Taoist deity in Chinese mythology, traditionally regarded as a vanquisher of ghosts and evil beings.

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Zhou dynasty

The Zhou dynasty was a royal dynasty of China that existed for 789 years from until 256 BC, the longest of such reign in Chinese history.

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Zhu Xi

Zhu Xi (October 18, 1130April 23, 1200), formerly romanized Chu Hsi, was a Chinese calligrapher, historian, philosopher, poet, and politician of the Southern Song dynasty.

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Zhuang people

The Zhuang (italic); Sawndip: 佈獞) are a Tai-speaking ethnic group who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in Southern China. Some also live in the Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou, and Hunan provinces. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China.

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Zhuangzi (book)

The Zhuangzi (historically romanized) is an ancient Chinese text that is one of the two foundational texts of Taoism, alongside the Tao Te Ching.

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1911 Revolution

The 1911 Revolution, also known as the Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, ended China's last imperial dynasty, the Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China.

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See also

Animism

• Animism
• Animists
• Celtic Animism
• Chinese folk religion
• Creature worship
• Divinity of winds (Shang dynasty)
• Hawaiian religion
• Huaca
• Iriadamant
• Iwakura rock
• Kannabi
• Nature spirits
• Nkisi
• Nkondi
• Sanamahism
• Shinto
• Symbols of Sanamahism
• Synchromysticism
• Väki

East Asian religions

• Benzhuism
• Bimoism
• Bon
• Buddhism in East Asia
• Caodaism
• Chen Tao (UFO religion)
• Cheondoism
• Chinese cults
• Chinese folk religion
• Chinese ritual mastery traditions
• Chinese salvationist religions
• Confucianism
• De teaching
• East Asian Yogācāra
• East Asian religions
• Heterodox teachings (Chinese law)
• Japanese folk religion
• Japanese new religions
• Jeung San Do
• Jeungsanism
• Josang
• Korean shamanism
• Manchu shamanism
• Mo (religion)
• Mongolian shamanism
• Qingtan
• Religious Confucianism
• Ryukyuan religion
• Shengdao
• Shinto
• Taoism
• Tenrikyo
• Xiantiandao
• Yao folk religion
• Yiguandao

Folk religions

• Amir Kulal
• Burmese folk religion
• Chinese folk religion
• Cunning folk traditions and the Latter Day Saint movement
• Folk Christianity
• Folk religion
• Folk saints
• Gavari
• History of popular religion in Scotland
• Hoodoo (spirituality)
• Indigenous Philippine folk religions
• Kaharingan
• Koan kroach
• Kong koi
• Kuman thong
• Maavalla Koda
• Mae sue
• Nang Kwak
• Nang Ta-khian
• Nang Tani
• Nyonin Kinsei
• Odinala
• Popular belief
• Pow-wow (folk magic)
• Punjabi folk religion
• Sacred king
• Sakabashira
• Sanamahism
• Tai folk religion
• Vietnamese folk religion
• Yao folk religion

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion

Also known as Ancient Chinese folk religion, Chinese Folk Religions, Chinese Universism, Chinese Universist, Chinese Universists, Chinese civil religion, Chinese communal deity religion, Chinese ethnic religion, Chinese folk religious, Chinese indigenous religion, Chinese native religion, Chinese paganism, Chinese popular religion, Chinese ritual practices, Chinese traditional religion, Eighth Lord, Han folk religion, Han folk religions, Lords of the Five Peaks, Seventh Lord, Shehui, Shenshe, Shenxianism, Shenxianjiao, Traditional Chinese religion, Traditional Chinese religions, Zhonghuaism, Zhonghuajiao.

, Chinese creation myths, Chinese Cultural Renaissance, Chinese dragon, Chinese folk religion, Chinese folk religion in Southeast Asia, Chinese gods and immortals, Chinese kin, Chinese mythology, Chinese New Year, Chinese philosophy, Chinese religions of fasting, Chinese ritual mastery traditions, Chinese salvationist religions, Chinese shamanism, Chinese spiritual world concepts, Chinese surname, Chinese temples in Kolkata, Chinese theology, Chinese unification, Chiyou, Christianity in China, Classic of Filial Piety, Classic of Mountains and Seas, Classical Chinese, Cloud, Coincidence, Confucian church, Confucianism, Confucius, Contemplation, Cosmology, Cosmos, Cultural Revolution, Culture hero, Dajiao, Daoist schools, Daozang, De (Chinese), De teaching, Deity, Destiny, Deus, Di (Chinese concept), Dialectic, Divination, Divine presence, DK (publisher), Doctrine of the Mean, Dogma, Dong Zhongshu, Dongba, Doumu, Dragon King, Economy, Egalitarianism, Epic of King Gesar, Epic poetry, Eschatology, Ethnic minorities in China, Ethnic religion, Evangelism, Exorcism, Feng shui, First principle, Four Books and Five Classics, Four Great Mountains (Taiwan), Four Symbols, Fuding, Fuji (planchette writing), Fujian, Fuxi, Ganesha, Gansu, Ge Hong, Genius (mythology), Genius loci, Germany, Ghosts in Chinese culture, Gnomon, Granary, Grassroots, Guan Yu, Guanxi, Guodian Chu Slips, Han Chinese, Han dynasty, Heavenly King, Hebei, Heidi (god), Henan, Henotheism, Hinduism, Hip Tin temples in Hong Kong, History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976), Holism, Holy Confucian Church, Hong Kong Government Lunar New Year kau chim tradition, Hongwu Emperor, Houtu, Hu Shih, Huainanzi, Huangdi Sijing, Huangdi Yinfujing, Huaxia, Hun and po, Hunan, Hundred Schools of Thought, Hundun, Huxian, I Ching, Immanence, Imperium, India, Indian religions, Indigenous religion, Inner Mongolia, Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind, Investiture of the Gods, J. J. M. de Groot, Jade Emperor, Japan, Jiaobei, Jilin City, Jingxiang, Johns Hopkins University Press, Journal of Democracy, Journey to the West, Kami, Kau chim, Kūkai, Kenosis, King Father of the East, Kitchen God, Korean shamanism, Kristofer Schipper, Kui Xing, Kunlun (mythology), Kuomintang, Kwan Tai temples in Hong Kong, Laozi, Late Qing reforms, Latin, Li (Confucianism), Liexian Zhuan, Liezi, Lin (surname), Ling (Chinese religion), List of Celestial Masters, List of City God Temples in China, List of fire deities, List of Mazu temples, List of mosques in China, List of nature deities, List of temples in Taichung, List of water deities, Luo teaching, Macranthropy, Mainland China, Malaysia, Manchu shamanism, Manchukuo, Mandala, Mandate of Heaven, Mao Zedong, Max Weber, Mayfair Yang, Mazu, Mencius, Miao folk religion, Miao people, Miaohui, Millenarianism, Ming dynasty, Ming yun, Miracle, Mo (religion), Modern China (journal), Mohism, Mongolian shamanism, Monkey King Festival, Monolatry, Monotheism, Mother goddess, Mount Hua, Mozi (book), Multiperspectivity, Myth, National Endowment for Democracy, Nüwa, Neo-Confucianism, Nine Emperor Gods Festival, Ningde, North China Plain, Northeast China folk religion, Northern and southern China, Northern Shaanxi, Northern Wei, Numen, Nuo folk religion, Orthopraxy, Overseas Chinese, Pangu, Pantheism, Pantheon (religion), Papier-mâché offering shops in Hong Kong, Philanthropy, Pilgrimage, Pneuma, Polytheism, Prasenjit Duara, President of the Republic of China, Progenitor, Psyche (psychology), Purdue University, Putian, Putian people, Qi, Qiang folk religion, Qigong, Qing dynasty, Qing Shan King Sacrificial Ceremony, Qingming Festival, Qingshui County, Qiongxiao Niangniang, Quanzhen School, Queen Mother of the West, Records of the Grand Historian, Rectification of names, Religion in China, Religion in Inner Mongolia, Religious goods store, Religious syncretism, Republic of China (1912–1949), Richard Madsen (sociologist), Rite of passage, Sacred enclosure, Sacred mountains, Sacred Mountains of China, Sacredness, Sacrifice, Sage Publishing, Salvation, Sanyi teaching, Science and Civilisation in China, Second Sino-Japanese War, Shaanxi, Shamanism, Shandong, Shang dynasty, Shangdi, Shanghai, Shangqing School, Shanrendao, Shanxi, Shen (Chinese religion), Shennong, Shenxian Zhuan, Shi Yi Ji, Shinto, Shizi (book), Shuowen Jiezi, Sinicization, Sino-Platonic Papers, Sinology, Song dynasty, Soteriology, Southeast Asia, Spirit tablet, Stephen F. Teiser, Sun Tzu, Supreme Council for the Confucian Religion in Indonesia, Swastika, Tai folk religion, Taiji (philosophy), Taijitu, Taiping Rebellion, Taiwan, Taiwan under Japanese rule, Taiwanese chicken-beheading rituals, Taiyi Shengshui, Talisman, Tang Chun-i, Tao, Tao Te Ching, Taoism, Taoist temple, Temple, Ten Wings, Tengrism, The Buddha, The Peach Blossom Spring, Thumos, Tian, Tiandi teachings, Tianshui, Tianzhu (Chinese name of God), Tibet Autonomous Region, Tin Hau temples in Hong Kong, Tongji (spirit medium), Totem, Traditional Chinese medicine, Transcendence (religion), Triad (organized crime), Tu Weiming, Tujia people, Tungusic peoples, Tutelary deity, Universalism, Vietnamese folk religion, Viking Press, Wang Ye worship, Warp and weft, Way of the Gods according to the Confucian Tradition, West Coast of the United States, Western China, Wu (awareness), Wu (shaman), Wu wei, Wufang Shangdi, Wuxing (Chinese philosophy), Xian (Taoism), Xiantiandao, Xu Shen, Xuanyuan teaching, Xuanzang, Xunzi (book), Yan Emperor, Yan Huang Zisun, Yan Mountains, Yangge, Yao folk religion, Yao people, Yellow Emperor, Yi people, Yiguandao, Yin and yang, Yu the Great, Yuanfen, Yulin, Shaanxi, Yunxiao Niangniang, Zaili teaching, Zhang Zai, Zhengyi Dao, Zhenren, Zhong Kui, Zhou dynasty, Zhu Xi, Zhuang people, Zhuangzi (book), 1911 Revolution.

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