Table of Contents
307 relations: Aaronic priesthood (Latter Day Saints), Acharya, Acolyte, Ahmadiyya Caliphate, Ajahn, Akal Takht, Al-Ghazali, Altar server, An Lushan rebellion, Anagārika, Anglican Communion, Anglicanism, Apostolic vicariate, Apotheosis, Archbishop, Archbishop of Canterbury, Archdeacon, Archimandrite, Archpriest, Area (LDS Church), Augsburg Confession, Autocephaly, Ayatollah, Ayya (Pali word), Śikṣamāṇā, Baptists, Bay'ah, Beth din, Bhante, Bhikkhu, Bhikkhunī, Bishop, Bishop (Latter Day Saints), Bishops in the Catholic Church, Bon, Book of Concord, Brahmacharya, Branch president, Buddhism, Caliphate, Cambodia, Canon (title), Canon law, Canon law of the Catholic Church, Cantor (Christianity), Cardinal (Catholic Church), Catholic Church, Catholic Encyclopedia, Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites, Chan Buddhism, ... Expand index (257 more) »
- Estates (social groups)
Aaronic priesthood (Latter Day Saints)
The Aaronic priesthood (also called the priesthood of Aaron or the Levitical priesthood) is the lesser of the two orders of priesthood recognized in the Latter Day Saint movement.
See Clergy and Aaronic priesthood (Latter Day Saints)
Acharya
In Indian religions and society, an acharya (Sanskrit: आचार्य, IAST:; Pali: ācariya) is a religious teacher in Hinduism and Buddhism and a spiritual guide to Hindus and Buddhists.
Acolyte
An acolyte is an assistant or follower assisting the celebrant in a religious service or procession.
Ahmadiyya Caliphate
The Ahmadiyya Caliphate is a non-political caliphate established on May 27, 1908, following the death of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, who claimed to be a Prophet, a Messenger, the promised Messiah and Mahdi, the expected redeemer awaited by Muslims.
See Clergy and Ahmadiyya Caliphate
Ajahn
Ajahn (อาจารย์,,; ācān) is a Thai- and Lao-derived term that translates as "professor" or "teacher".
See Clergy and Ajahn
Akal Takht
The Akal Takht (Gurmukhi: ਅਕਾਲ ਤਖ਼ਤ,;; originally Akal Bunga) is one of five takhts (seats of power) of the Sikhs.
Al-Ghazali
Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭūsiyy al-Ghazali (أَبُو حَامِد مُحَمَّد بْن مُحَمَّد ٱلطُّوسِيّ ٱلْغَزَّالِيّ), known commonly as Al-Ghazali (ٱلْغَزَالِيُّ;,; – 19 December 1111), known in Medieval Europe by the Latinized Algazelus or Algazel, was a Persian Sunni Muslim polymath.
Altar server
An altar server is a lay assistant to a member of the clergy during a Christian liturgy.
An Lushan rebellion
The An Lushan rebellion was a civil war in China that lasted from 755 to 763, at the approximate midpoint of the Tang dynasty (618–907).
See Clergy and An Lushan rebellion
Anagārika
In Buddhism, an anagārika (Pali, 'homeless one',; f. anagārikā) is a person who has given up most or all of their worldly possessions and responsibilities to commit full-time to Buddhist practice.
Anglican Communion
The Anglican Communion is the third largest Christian communion after the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches.
See Clergy and Anglican Communion
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition which developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the context of the Protestant Reformation in Europe.
Apostolic vicariate
An apostolic vicariate is a territorial jurisdiction of the Catholic Church under a titular bishop centered in missionary regions and countries where dioceses or parishes have not yet been established.
See Clergy and Apostolic vicariate
Apotheosis
Apotheosis, also called divinization or deification, is the glorification of a subject to divine levels and, commonly, the treatment of a human being, any other living thing, or an abstract idea in the likeness of a deity.
Archbishop
In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office.
Archbishop of Canterbury
The archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and a principal leader of the Church of England, the ceremonial head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury.
See Clergy and Archbishop of Canterbury
Archdeacon
An archdeacon is a senior clergy position in the Church of the East, Chaldean Catholic Church, Syriac Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, St Thomas Christians, Eastern Orthodox churches and some other Christian denominations, above that of most clergy and below a bishop.
Archimandrite
The title archimandrite (archimandritēs.), used in Eastern Christianity, originally referred to a superior abbot (hegumenos, ἡγούμενος, present participle of the verb meaning "to lead") whom a bishop appointed to supervise several "ordinary" abbots and monasteries, or as the abbot of some especially great and important monastery.
Archpriest
The ecclesiastical title of archpriest or archpresbyter belongs to certain priests with supervisory duties over a number of parishes.
Area (LDS Church)
In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), an area is an administrative unit that typically is composed of multiple stakes and missions.
See Clergy and Area (LDS Church)
Augsburg Confession
The Augsburg Confession, also known as the Augustan Confession or the Augustana from its Latin name, Confessio Augustana, is the primary confession of faith of the Lutheran Church and one of the most important documents of the Protestant Reformation.
See Clergy and Augsburg Confession
Autocephaly
Autocephaly (from αὐτοκεφαλία, meaning "property of being self-headed") is the status of a hierarchical Christian church whose head bishop does not report to any higher-ranking bishop.
Ayatollah
Ayatollah (âyatollâh) is an honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy in Iran that came into widespread usage in the 20th century.
Ayya (Pali word)
Ayya is a Pali word, translated as "honourable" or "worthy".
See Clergy and Ayya (Pali word)
Śikṣamāṇā
In Buddhism, a śikṣamāṇā (Sanskrit; Pali: sikkhamānā;; สิกขมานา) is a female novice trainee.
Baptists
Baptists form a major branch of evangelicalism distinguished by baptizing only professing Christian believers (believer's baptism) and doing so by complete immersion.
Bay'ah
Bayʿah (بَيْعَة, "Pledge of allegiance"), in Islamic terminology, is an oath of allegiance to a leader.
Beth din
A beth din (house of judgment,, Ashkenazic: beis din, plural: batei din) is a rabbinical court of Judaism.
Bhante
Bhante (Pali; ဘန္တေ,; bhavantaḥ), sometimes also Bhadanta, is a respectful title used to address Buddhist monks, nuns, and superiors, especially in the Theravada tradition.
Bhikkhu
A bhikkhu (Pali: भिक्खु, Sanskrit: भिक्षु, bhikṣu) is an ordained male in Buddhist monasticism.
Bhikkhunī
A bhikkhunī (𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀼𑀦𑀻) or bhikṣuṇī (भिक्षुणी) is a Buddhist nun, fully ordained female in Buddhist monasticism.
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution.
Bishop (Latter Day Saints)
In the Latter Day Saint movement, a bishop is the highest office of the Aaronic priesthood.
See Clergy and Bishop (Latter Day Saints)
Bishops in the Catholic Church
In the Catholic Church, a bishop is an ordained minister who holds the fullness of the sacrament of holy orders and is responsible for teaching doctrine, governing Catholics in his jurisdiction, sanctifying the world and representing the Church.
See Clergy and Bishops in the Catholic Church
Bon
Bon or Bön, also known as Yungdrung Bon, is the indigenous Tibetan religion which shares many similarities and influences with Tibetan Buddhism.
See Clergy and Bon
Book of Concord
The Book of Concord (1580) or Concordia (often referred to as the Lutheran Confessions) is the historic doctrinal standard of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century.
See Clergy and Book of Concord
Brahmacharya
Brahmacharya (Devanagari: ब्रह्मचर्य) is a concept within Indian religions that literally means "conduct consistent with Brahma" or "on the path of Brahma".
Branch president
A branch president is a leader of a "branch" congregation of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
See Clergy and Branch president
Buddhism
Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE.
Caliphate
A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.
Cambodia
Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Mainland Southeast Asia.
Canon (title)
Canon (translit) is a Christian title usually used to refer to a member of certain bodies in subject to an ecclesiastical rule.
Canon law
Canon law (from κανών, kanon, a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (church leadership) for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members.
Canon law of the Catholic Church
The canon law of the Catholic Church is "how the Church organizes and governs herself".
See Clergy and Canon law of the Catholic Church
Cantor (Christianity)
In Christianity, the cantor, female chantress, sometimes called the precentor or the protopsaltes (from), is the chief singer, and usually instructor, employed at a church, with responsibilities for the choir and the preparation of the Mass or worship service.
See Clergy and Cantor (Christianity)
Cardinal (Catholic Church)
A cardinal (Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis) is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church.
See Clergy and Cardinal (Catholic Church)
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.
See Clergy and Catholic Church
Catholic Encyclopedia
The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church, also referred to as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia and the Original Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language encyclopedia published in the United States designed to serve the Catholic Church.
See Clergy and Catholic Encyclopedia
Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites
A particular church (ecclesia particularis) is an ecclesiastical community of followers headed by a bishop (or equivalent), as defined by Catholic canon law and ecclesiology.
See Clergy and Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites
Chan Buddhism
Chan (of), from Sanskrit dhyāna (meaning "meditation" or "meditative state"), is a Chinese school of Mahāyāna Buddhism.
Charles Wesley Leffingwell
Charles Wesley Leffingwell (December 5, 1840 – October 10, 1928) was an American author, educator, and Episcopal priest.
See Clergy and Charles Wesley Leffingwell
Christian denomination
A Christian denomination is a distinct religious body within Christianity that comprises all church congregations of the same kind, identifiable by traits such as a name, particular history, organization, leadership, theological doctrine, worship style and, sometimes, a founder.
See Clergy and Christian denomination
Christian laying on of hands
In Christianity, the laying on of hands (Greek: cheirotonia – χειροτονία, literally, "laying-on of hands") is both a symbolic and formal method of invoking the Holy Spirit primarily during baptisms and confirmations, healing services, blessings, and ordination of priests, ministers, elders, deacons, and other church officers, along with a variety of other church sacraments and holy ceremonies.
See Clergy and Christian laying on of hands
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
Church Fathers
The Church Fathers, Early Church Fathers, Christian Fathers, or Fathers of the Church were ancient and influential Christian theologians and writers who established the intellectual and doctrinal foundations of Christianity.
Church of England
The Church of England (C of E) is the established Christian church in England and the Crown Dependencies.
See Clergy and Church of England
Civil service
The civil service is a collective term for a sector of government composed mainly of career civil service personnel hired rather than elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leadership.
Clerical celibacy
Clerical celibacy is the requirement in certain religions that some or all members of the clergy be unmarried.
See Clergy and Clerical celibacy
Clerical marriage
Clerical marriage is the practice of allowing Christian clergy (those who have already been ordained) to marry.
See Clergy and Clerical marriage
Confucianism
Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China, and is variously described as a tradition, philosophy (humanistic or rationalistic), religion, theory of government, or way of life.
Congregationalism
Congregationalism (also Congregationalist churches or Congregational churches) is a Reformed (Calvinist) tradition of Protestant Christianity in which churches practice congregational government.
See Clergy and Congregationalism
Conservative Judaism
Conservative Judaism, also known as Masorti Judaism (translit), is a Jewish religious movement that regards the authority of Jewish law and tradition as emanating primarily from the assent of the people through the generations, more than from divine revelation.
See Clergy and Conservative Judaism
Council of Trent
The Council of Trent (Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent (or Trento), now in northern Italy, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church.
See Clergy and Council of Trent
Dalai Lama
Dalai Lama is a title given by Altan Khan in 1578 AD at Yanghua Monastery to the foremost spiritual leader of the Gelug or "Yellow Hat" school of Tibetan Buddhism, the newest and most dominant of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.
Dasa sil mata
A is an Eight- or Ten Precepts-holding anagārikā (lay renunciant) in Buddhism in Sri Lanka, where the newly reestablished bhikkhuni (nun's) lineage is not officially recognized yet.
Deacon
A deacon is a member of the diaconate, an office in Christian churches that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions.
Deaconess
The ministry of a deaconess is a usually non-ordained ministry for women in some Protestant, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Orthodox churches to provide pastoral care, especially for other women, and which may carry a limited liturgical role.
Deity
A deity or god is a supernatural being considered to be sacred and worthy of worship due to having authority over the universe, nature or human life.
See Clergy and Deity
Dervish
Dervish, Darvesh, or Darwīsh (from درویش, Darvīsh) in Islam can refer broadly to members of a Sufi fraternity (tariqah), or more narrowly to a religious mendicant, who chose or accepted material poverty.
Dhabihah
In Islamic law, dhabihah (translit), also spelled zabiha, is the prescribed method of slaughter for halal animals (excluding fish, which are exempt from this requirement).
Dicastery
A dicastery (from law-court, from δικαστής, 'judge, juror') is the name of some departments of the Roman Curia.
Dicastery for the Clergy
The Dicastery for the Clergy, formerly named Congregation for the Clergy (formerly the Sacred Congregation for the Clergy and Sacred Congregation of the Council), is the dicastery of the Roman Curia responsible for overseeing matters regarding priests and deacons not belonging to religious orders.
See Clergy and Dicastery for the Clergy
Diocesan bishop
A diocesan bishop, within various Christian traditions, is a bishop or archbishop in pastoral charge of a diocese or archdiocese.
See Clergy and Diocesan bishop
Diocese
In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
Divine Liturgy
Divine Liturgy (Theia Leitourgia) or Holy Liturgy is the usual name used in most Eastern Christian rites for the Eucharistic service.
Doctrine
Doctrine (from doctrina, meaning "teaching, instruction") is a codification of beliefs or a body of teachings or instructions, taught principles or positions, as the essence of teachings in a given branch of knowledge or in a belief system.
Early Buddhist schools
The early Buddhist schools are those schools into which the Buddhist monastic saṅgha split early in the history of Buddhism.
See Clergy and Early Buddhist schools
Early Christianity
Early Christianity, otherwise called the Early Church or Paleo-Christianity, describes the historical era of the Christian religion up to the First Council of Nicaea in 325.
See Clergy and Early Christianity
Eastern Catholic Churches
The Eastern Catholic Churches or Oriental Catholic Churches, also called the Eastern-Rite Catholic Churches, Eastern Rite Catholicism, or simply the Eastern Churches, are 23 Eastern Christian autonomous (sui iuris) particular churches of the Catholic Church, in full communion with the Pope in Rome.
See Clergy and Eastern Catholic Churches
Eastern Christianity
Eastern Christianity comprises Christian traditions and church families that originally developed during classical and late antiquity in the Eastern Mediterranean region or locations further east, south or north.
See Clergy and Eastern Christianity
Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, and also called the Greek Orthodox Church or simply the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 230 million baptised members.
See Clergy and Eastern Orthodox Church
Ecclesiastical Latin
Ecclesiastical Latin, also called Church Latin or Liturgical Latin, is a form of Latin developed to discuss Christian thought in Late antiquity and used in Christian liturgy, theology, and church administration to the present day, especially in the Catholic Church.
See Clergy and Ecclesiastical Latin
Ecclesiastical polity
Ecclesiastical polity is the government of a church.
See Clergy and Ecclesiastical polity
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
The ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople (translit) is the archbishop of Constantinople and primus inter pares (first among equals) among the heads of the several autocephalous churches that compose the Eastern Orthodox Church.
See Clergy and Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
Eid al-Adha
Eid al-Adha is the second of the two main holidays in Islam alongside Eid al-Fitr.
Elder (Christianity)
In Christianity, an elder is a person who is valued for wisdom and holds a position of responsibility and authority in a Christian group.
See Clergy and Elder (Christianity)
Elder (Latter Day Saints)
Elder is a priesthood office in the Melchizedek priesthood of denominations within the Latter Day Saint movement, including The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
See Clergy and Elder (Latter Day Saints)
Emperor Wuzong of Tang
Emperor Wuzong of Tang (July 2, 814 – April 22, 846), né Li Chan, later changed to Li Yan just before his death, was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 840 to 846.
See Clergy and Emperor Wuzong of Tang
Encyclopedia of Mormonism
The Encyclopedia of Mormonism is a semi-official English-language encyclopedia for topics relevant to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church, see also "Mormon").
See Clergy and Encyclopedia of Mormonism
Entrance (liturgical)
In Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic churches, an entrance is a procession during which the clergy enter into the sanctuary through the Holy Doors.
See Clergy and Entrance (liturgical)
Episcopal Church (United States)
The Episcopal Church, officially the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America (PECUSA), is a member church of the worldwide Anglican Communion based in the United States with additional dioceses elsewhere.
See Clergy and Episcopal Church (United States)
Ethnic religion
In religious studies, an ethnic religion is a religion or belief associated with notions of heredity and a particular ethnic group.
See Clergy and Ethnic religion
Eucharist
The Eucharist (from evcharistía), also known as Holy Communion, the Blessed Sacrament and the Lord's Supper, is a Christian rite that is considered a sacrament in most churches, and as an ordinance in others.
Evangelicalism
Evangelicalism, also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide interdenominational movement within Protestant Christianity that emphasizes the centrality of sharing the "good news" of Christianity, being "born again" in which an individual experiences personal conversion, as authoritatively guided by the Bible, God's revelation to humanity.
Faqīh
A faqīh (fuqahā, فقيه;: ‏فقهاء&lrm) is an Islamic jurist, an expert in fiqh, or Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic Law.
See Clergy and Faqīh
Fatwa
A fatwa (translit; label) is a legal ruling on a point of Islamic law (sharia) given by a qualified Islamic jurist (faqih) in response to a question posed by a private individual, judge or government.
See Clergy and Fatwa
First Presidency (LDS Church)
The First Presidency, also called the Quorum of the Presidency of the ChurchDoctrine and Covenants.
See Clergy and First Presidency (LDS Church)
Forms of address in the United Kingdom
Forms of address used in the United Kingdom are given below.
See Clergy and Forms of address in the United Kingdom
Friar
A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Roman Catholic Church.
See Clergy and Friar
General authority
A general authority is a member of the highest levels of leadership within the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints who has administrative and ecclesiastical authority over the church.
See Clergy and General authority
Geshe
Geshe (Tib. dge bshes, short for dge-ba'i bshes-gnyen, "virtuous friend"; translation of Skt. kalyāņamitra) or geshema is a Tibetan Buddhist academic degree for monks and nuns.
See Clergy and Geshe
Greek language
Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
Guru
Guru (गुरु; IAST: guru; Pali: garu) is a Sanskrit term for a "mentor, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field.
See Clergy and Guru
Hafiz (Quran)
Hafiz (ḥāfiẓ, pl. ḥuffāẓ حُفَّاظ, f. ḥāfiẓa حافظة), literally meaning "protector", depending on the context, is a term used by Muslims for someone who has completely memorized the Quran.
Halakha
Halakha (translit), also transliterated as halacha, halakhah, and halocho, is the collective body of Jewish religious laws that are derived from the Written and Oral Torah.
Hasidic Judaism
Hasidism or Hasidic Judaism is a religious movement within Judaism that arose in the 18th century as a spiritual revival movement in contemporary Western Ukraine before spreading rapidly throughout Eastern Europe.
See Clergy and Hasidic Judaism
Hazzan
A hazzan (lit. Hazan) or chazzan (translit, plural; translit; translit) is a Jewish musician or precentor trained in the vocal arts who leads the congregation in songful prayer.
Hebrew Bible
The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. Hebrew), also known in Hebrew as Miqra (Hebrew), is the canonical collection of Hebrew scriptures, comprising the Torah, the Nevi'im, and the Ketuvim.
Hegumen
Hegumen, hegumenos, or igumen (ἡγούμενος, trans.), is the title for the head of a monastery in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, or an archpriest in the Coptic Orthodox Church, similar to the title of abbot.
Hierodeacon
A hierodeacon (Greek: Ἱεροδιάκονος, Ierodiákonos; Slavonic: Ierodiakón), sometimes translated "deacon-monk", in Eastern Orthodox Christianity is a monk who has been ordained a deacon (or deacon who has been tonsured monk).
Hieromonk
A hieromonk (Ieromonachos; tr; Slavonic: Иеромонахъ, Ieromonah, Albanian: Hieromurg), also called a priestmonk, is a monk who is also a priest in the Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholicism.
High council (Latter Day Saints)
In Mormonism, a high council is one of several different governing bodies that have existed in the church hierarchy in many denominations in the Latter Day Saint movement.
See Clergy and High council (Latter Day Saints)
High priest (Latter Day Saints)
In most denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement, a high priest is an office of the priesthood within the Melchizedek priesthood.
See Clergy and High priest (Latter Day Saints)
Hindu texts
Hindu texts or Hindu scriptures are manuscripts and voluminous historical literature which are related to any of the diverse traditions within Hinduism.
Hinduism
Hinduism is an Indian religion or dharma, a religious and universal order by which its followers abide.
Hindus
Hindus (also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma.
Holy orders
In certain Christian denominations, holy orders are the ordained ministries of bishop, priest (presbyter), and deacon, and the sacrament or rite by which candidates are ordained to those orders.
Holy orders in the Catholic Church
The sacrament of holy orders in the Catholic Church includes three orders: bishops, priests, and deacons, in decreasing order of rank, collectively comprising the clergy.
See Clergy and Holy orders in the Catholic Church
Holy See
The Holy See (url-status,; Santa Sede), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the pope in his role as the Bishop of Rome.
Honorific
An honorific is a title that conveys esteem, courtesy, or respect for position or rank when used in addressing or referring to a person.
Ifẹ
Ifẹ̀ (Ifẹ̀, Ilé-Ifẹ̀) is an ancient Yoruba city in south-western Nigeria, founded approximately between the 1000 BC and 600 BC.
See Clergy and Ifẹ
Ignatius of Antioch
Ignatius of Antioch (Ignátios Antiokheías; died c. 108/140 AD), also known as Ignatius Theophorus (the God-bearing), was an early Christian writer and Patriarch of Antioch.
See Clergy and Ignatius of Antioch
Ijtihad
Ijtihad (اجتهاد) is an Islamic legal term referring to independent reasoning by an expert in Islamic law, or the thorough exertion of a jurist's mental faculty in finding a solution to a legal question.
Imam
Imam (إمام,;: أئمة) is an Islamic leadership position.
See Clergy and Imam
Incardination and excardination
Incardination is the formal term in the Catholic Church for a clergyman being under a bishop or other ecclesiastical superior.
See Clergy and Incardination and excardination
Institute of consecrated life
An institute of consecrated life is an association of faithful in the Catholic Church canonically erected by competent church authorities to enable men or women who publicly profess the evangelical counsels by religious vows or other sacred bonds "through the charity to which these counsels lead to be joined to the Church and its mystery in a special way".
See Clergy and Institute of consecrated life
Islam
Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.
See Clergy and Islam
Islamic Golden Age
The Islamic Golden Age was a period of scientific, economic and cultural flourishing in the history of Islam, traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century.
See Clergy and Islamic Golden Age
Jathedar
A jathedar (ਜੱਥੇਦਾਰ) is a leader of high regard chosen to head and ensure discipline within a jatha, a troop of Sikhs.
Jesus
Jesus (AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.
See Clergy and Jesus
Judaism
Judaism (יַהֲדוּת|translit.
Karmapa
The Gyalwa Karmapa (honorific title: His Holiness the Gyalwa (label) Karmapa, more formally as Gyalwang (label) Karmapa, and informally as the Karmapa Lama) is the head of the Karma Kagyu, the largest sub-school of the Kagyu school, itself one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.
Kartir
Kartir (also spelled Karder, Karter and Kerdir; Middle Persian: 𐭪𐭫𐭲𐭩𐭫 Kardīr) was a powerful and influential Zoroastrian priest during the reigns of four Sasanian kings in the 3rd century.
Kashrut
(also or, כַּשְׁרוּת) is a set of dietary laws dealing with the foods that Jewish people are permitted to eat and how those foods must be prepared according to Jewish law.
Kohen
Kohen (כֹּהֵן, kōhēn,, "priest", pl., kōhănīm,, "priests") is the Hebrew word for "priest", used in reference to the Aaronic priesthood, also called Aaronites or Aaronides.
See Clergy and Kohen
Koine Greek
Koine Greek (Koine the common dialect), also known as Hellenistic Greek, common Attic, the Alexandrian dialect, Biblical Greek, Septuagint Greek or New Testament Greek, was the common supra-regional form of Greek spoken and written during the Hellenistic period, the Roman Empire and the early Byzantine Empire.
Korban
In Judaism, the (קָרְבָּן|qorbān|label.
Korea
Korea (translit in South Korea, or label in North Korea) is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula (label in South Korea, or label in North Korea), Jeju Island, and smaller islands.
See Clergy and Korea
Laity
In religious organizations, the laity consists of all members who are not part of the clergy, usually including any non-ordained members of religious orders, e.g. a nun or a lay brother. Clergy and laity are religious terminology.
See Clergy and Laity
Lama
Lama is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism.
See Clergy and Lama
Late Latin
Late Latin is the scholarly name for the form of Literary Latin of late antiquity.
Latin Church
The Latin Church (Ecclesia Latina) is the largest autonomous (sui iuris) particular church within the Catholic Church, whose members constitute the vast majority of the 1.3 billion Catholics.
Laying on of hands
The laying on of hands is a religious practice.
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Levite
Levites (Lǝvīyyīm) or Levi are Jewish males who claim patrilineal descent from the Tribe of Levi.
Linji Yixuan
Japanese painting of Linji Linji Yixuan (臨済義玄 Rinzai Gigen; died 866 CE) was a Tang dynasty (618-907) Chinese monk and teacher of the Hongzhou school of Chinese Chan (Zen).
List of rulers of Ife
The Ooni of Ile-Ife (Ọọ̀ni of Ilè-Ifẹ̀) is the traditional ruler of Ilé-Ifẹ̀ and the spiritual head of the Yoruba people.
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Little Hours
In Christianity, the Little Hours or minor hours are the canonical hours other than the three major hours.
Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts
The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts (Greek: λειτουργία τών Προηγιασμένων Δώρων) is a Byzantine Rite liturgical service which is performed on the weekdays of Great Lent wherein communion is received from Gifts (the Body and Blood of Christ) that are sanctified (consecrated) in advance, hence its name; this Divine Liturgy has no anaphora (eucharistic prayer).
See Clergy and Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts
Luang Por
Luang por (lūang phǭ) means "venerable father" and is used as a title for respected senior Buddhist monastics.
Lutheranism
Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that identifies primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church ended the Middle Ages and, in 1517, launched the Reformation.
Madhyamaka
Mādhyamaka ("middle way" or "centrism";; Tibetan: དབུ་མ་པ་; dbu ma pa), otherwise known as Śūnyavāda ("the emptiness doctrine") and Niḥsvabhāvavāda ("the no ''svabhāva'' doctrine"), refers to a tradition of Buddhist philosophy and practice founded by the Indian Buddhist monk and philosopher Nāgārjuna.
Madrasa
Madrasa (also,; Arabic: مدرسة, pl. مدارس), sometimes transliterated as madrasah or madrassa, is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary education or higher learning.
Maechi
Maechi or Mae chee (แม่ชี), "respected mother" (แม่ + honorific suffix "-ji"), are female monastics in Thailand; Theravada Buddhist nuns.
Magi
Magi, or magus, is the term for priests in Zoroastrianism and earlier Iranian religions.
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Mahayana
Mahāyāna is a term for a broad group of Buddhist traditions, texts, philosophies, and practices developed in ancient India (onwards).
Maiden of Ludmir
The Maiden of Ludmir (Ludmirer Moyd, HabBeṭulah milLuḏmir), Hannah Rachel Vermermacher (Hane Rokhl Verbermakher, 1805–1888),The Library of Congress authority file gives her dates as 1815–1892 also known rarely as the Ludmirer Rebbe, was the only independent female rebbe in the history of Hasidic Judaism.
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Major orders
For some centuries the Catholic Church distinguished between major orders ("greater orders"), which the Council of Trent also called holy orders, and minor orders (lesser orders).
Marabout
A marabout (lit) is a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad (Arabic: سـيّد, romanized: sayyid and Sidi in the Maghreb) and a Muslim religious leader and teacher who historically had the function of a chaplain serving as a part of an Islamic army, notably in North Africa and the Sahara, in West Africa, and (historically) in the Maghreb.
Marja'
Marja (marjiʿ; plural marājiʿ) is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank.
Mashgiach
A mashgiach (משגיח, "supervisor";, mashgichim) or mashgicha (pl. mashgichot) is a Jew who supervises the kashrut status of a kosher establishment.
Maya priesthood
Until the discovery that Maya stelae depicted kings instead of high priests, the Maya priesthood and their preoccupations had been a main scholarly concern.
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Medieval Latin
Medieval Latin was the form of Literary Latin used in Roman Catholic Western Europe during the Middle Ages.
Meiji era
The was an era of Japanese history that extended from October 23, 1868, to July 30, 1912.
Melchizedek priesthood (Latter Day Saints)
In Mormonism, the Melchizedek priesthood, also referred to as the high priesthood of the holy order of God or the Holy Priesthood, after the Order of the Son of God, is the greater of the two orders of priesthood, the other being the Aaronic priesthood.
See Clergy and Melchizedek priesthood (Latter Day Saints)
Metropolitan bishop
In Christian churches with episcopal polity, the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan (alternative obsolete form: metropolite), pertains to the diocesan bishop or archbishop of a metropolis.
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Midrash
Midrash (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. מִדְרָשׁ; מִדְרָשִׁים or midrashot) is expansive Jewish Biblical exegesis using a rabbinic mode of interpretation prominent in the Talmud. Clergy and midrash are religious terminology.
Minister (Christianity)
In Christianity, a minister is a person authorised by a church or other religious organization to perform functions such as teaching of beliefs; leading services such as weddings, baptisms or funerals; or otherwise providing spiritual guidance to the community.
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Minor orders
In Christianity, minor orders are ranks of church ministry.
Mishnah
The Mishnah or the Mishna (מִשְׁנָה, "study by repetition", from the verb shanah, or "to study and review", also "secondary") is the first major written collection of the Jewish oral traditions that are known as the Oral Torah.
Mobad
A mobed, mowbed, or mobad (Middle Persian: 𐭬𐭢𐭥𐭯𐭲) is a Zoroastrian cleric of a particular rank.
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Mohel
A (מוֹהֵל, Ashkenazi pronunciation, plural: מוֹהֲלִים, מוֹהֲלָא, "circumciser") is a Jewish man trained in the practice of, the "covenant of male circumcision".
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Moksha
Moksha (मोक्ष), also called vimoksha, vimukti, and mukti, is a term in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism for various forms of emancipation, liberation, nirvana, or release. Clergy and Moksha are religious terminology.
Monk
A monk (from μοναχός, monachos, "single, solitary" via Latin monachus) is a man who is a member of a religious order and lives in a monastery. Clergy and monk are religious occupations.
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Muezzin
The muezzin (مُؤَذِّن) is the person who proclaims the call to the daily prayer (ṣalāt) five times a day (Fajr prayer, Zuhr prayer, Asr prayer, Maghrib prayer and Isha prayer) at a mosque from the minaret.
Mufti
A mufti (مفتي) is an Islamic jurist qualified to issue a nonbinding opinion (fatwa) on a point of Islamic law (sharia).
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Muhammad
Muhammad (570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam.
Mullah
Mullah is an honorific title for Muslim clergy and mosque leaders.
Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma (the official name until 1989), is a country in Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million. It is bordered by Bangladesh and India to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest.
Nancy Farriss
Nancy Marguerite Farriss (born May 23, 1938) is an American historian who is professor emerita at the University of Pennsylvania.
Naropa University
Naropa University is a private university in Boulder, Colorado.
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New Testament
The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon.
Ngakpa
In Tibetan Buddhism and Bon, a ngakpa (male), or a ngakma (female) (Sanskrit mantrī) is any practitioner of Vajrayana who is not a monk or a nun.
Nigeria
Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa.
Numinous
Numinous means "arousing spiritual or religious emotion; mysterious or awe-inspiring";Collins English Dictionary -7th ed. Clergy and Numinous are religious terminology.
Nun
A nun is a woman who vows to dedicate her life to religious service and contemplation, typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience in the enclosure of a monastery or convent. Clergy and nun are religious occupations.
See Clergy and Nun
Old French
Old French (franceis, françois, romanz; ancien français) was the language spoken in most of the northern half of France approximately between the late 8th and the mid-14th century.
Old Testament
The Old Testament (OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew and occasionally Aramaic writings by the Israelites.
Oneworld Publications
Oneworld Publications is a British independent publishing firm founded in 1986 by Novin Doostdar and Juliet Mabey originally to publish accessible non-fiction by experts and academics for the general market.
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Oracle
An oracle is a person or thing considered to provide insight, wise counsel or prophetic predictions, most notably including precognition of the future, inspired by deities.
Order of precedence
An order of precedence is a sequential hierarchy of nominal importance and can be applied to individuals, groups, or organizations.
See Clergy and Order of precedence
Ordinance (Latter Day Saints)
In the Latter Day Saint movement, an ordinance is a sacred rite or ceremony that has spiritual and symbolic meanings and act as a means of conveying divine grace.
See Clergy and Ordinance (Latter Day Saints)
Ordination
Ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is, set apart and elevated from the laity class to the clergy, who are thus then authorized (usually by the denominational hierarchy composed of other clergy) to perform various religious rites and ceremonies. Clergy and Ordination are religious terminology.
Paganism
Paganism (from classical Latin pāgānus "rural", "rustic", later "civilian") is a term first used in the fourth century by early Christians for people in the Roman Empire who practiced polytheism, or ethnic religions other than Judaism.
Panchen Lama
The Panchen Lama is a tulku of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism.
Pandit
A Pandit (paṇḍita; पंडित; also spelled Pundit, pronounced; abbreviated Pt.) is an individual with specialised knowledge or a teacher of any field of knowledge whether it is shashtra (Holy Books) or shastra (Weapons) in Hinduism, particularly the Vedic scriptures, dharma, or Hindu philosophy; in colonial-era literature, the term generally refers to lawyers specialized in Hindu law.
Panj Takht
A takht, or taḵẖat (ਤਖ਼ਤ), literally means a throne or seat of authority and is a spiritual and temporal centre of Sikhism.
Parish
A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese.
Pastor
A pastor (abbreviated to "Pr" or "Ptr" (both singular), or "Ps" (plural)) is the leader of a Christian congregation who also gives advice and counsel to people from the community or congregation.
Patriarch
The highest-ranking bishops in Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Catholic Church (above major archbishop and primate), the Hussite Church, Church of the East, and some Independent Catholic Churches are termed patriarchs (and in certain cases also popes – such as the Pope of Rome or Pope of Alexandria, and catholicoi – such as Catholicos Karekin II, and Baselios Thomas I Catholicos of the East).
Patriarch (Latter Day Saints)
In the Latter Day Saint movement, patriarch (also called evangelist) is an office of the priesthood.
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Persecution of Ahmadis
The Ahmadiyya branch of Islam has been subjected to various forms of religious persecution and discrimination since the movement's inception in 1889.
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Personal prelature
A Personal prelature is a canonical structure of the Catholic Church which comprises clergy and laity under the jurisdiction of a prelate who undertake specific pastoral activities.
See Clergy and Personal prelature
Pharaoh
Pharaoh (Egyptian: pr ꜥꜣ; ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ|Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: Parʿō) is the vernacular term often used for the monarchs of ancient Egypt, who ruled from the First Dynasty until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Republic in 30 BCE. Clergy and Pharaoh are positions of authority.
Philosophy
Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language.
Pidyon haben
The pidyon haben (פדיון הבן) or redemption of the first-born son is a mitzvah in Judaism whereby a Jewish firstborn son is "redeemed" with money.
Pope
The pope (papa, from lit) is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church.
See Clergy and Pope
Pre-sectarian Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism, also called early Buddhism, the earliest Buddhism, original Buddhism, and primitive Buddhism, is Buddhism as theorized to have existed before the various Early Buddhist schools developed, around 250 BCE (followed by later subsects of Buddhism).
See Clergy and Pre-sectarian Buddhism
Preacher
A preacher is a person who delivers sermons or homilies on religious topics to an assembly of people. Clergy and preacher are religious occupations and religious terminology.
Presbyter
Presbyter is an honorific title for Christian clergy.
Presbyterian Church (USA)
The Presbyterian Church (USA), abbreviated PCUSA, is a mainline Protestant denomination in the United States.
See Clergy and Presbyterian Church (USA)
President of the Church (LDS Church)
The President of the Church is the highest office of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
See Clergy and President of the Church (LDS Church)
Priest
A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deities. Clergy and priest are religious occupations and religious terminology.
Priest (Latter Day Saints)
Priest is a priesthood office in the Aaronic priesthood of denominations within the Latter Day Saint movement, including the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
See Clergy and Priest (Latter Day Saints)
Priesthood (Latter Day Saints)
In the Latter Day Saint movement, priesthood is the power and authority of God given to man, including the authority to perform ordinances and to act as a leader in the church.
See Clergy and Priesthood (Latter Day Saints)
Priesthood (LDS Church)
In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), the priesthood is the power and authority to act in the name of God for the salvation of humankind.
See Clergy and Priesthood (LDS Church)
Primate (bishop)
Primate is a title or rank bestowed on some important archbishops in certain Christian churches.
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Prophet, seer, and revelator
Prophet, seer, and revelator is an ecclesiastical title used in the Latter Day Saint movement.
See Clergy and Prophet, seer, and revelator
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.
Protodeacon
Protodeacon derives from the Greek proto- meaning 'first' and diakonos, which is a standard ancient Greek word meaning "assistant", "servant", or "waiting-man".
Protoiereus
A protoiereus (from πρωτοϊερεύς, "first priest", Modern Greek: πρωθιερέας), or protopriest in the Eastern Orthodox Church, is a priest usually coordinating the activity of other subordinate priests in a larger church.
Province
A province is an administrative division within a country or state.
Puja (Hinduism)
Puja (translit-std), also spelt pooja, is a worship ritual performed by Hindus to offer devotional homage and prayer to one or more deities, to host and honour a guest, or to spiritually celebrate an event.
See Clergy and Puja (Hinduism)
Pujari
Pūjari is a designation given to a Hindu temple priest who performs pūja.
Pure land
Pure Land is the concept of a celestial realm of a buddha or bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism where many Buddhists aspire to be reborn.
Purohita
Purohita (पुरोहित), in the Hindu context, means chaplain or family priest within the Vedic priesthood.
Qadi
A qāḍī (Qāḍī; otherwise transliterated as qazi, kadi, kadhi, kazi, or gazi) is the magistrate or judge of a sharīʿa court, who also exercises extrajudicial functions such as mediation, guardianship over orphans and minors, and supervision and audition of public works.
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Quinisext Council
The Quinisext Council (Concilium Quinisextum; Penthékti Sýnodos), i.e., the Fifth-Sixth Council, often called the Council in Trullo, Trullan Council, or the Penthekte Synod, was a church council held in 692 at Constantinople under Justinian II.
See Clergy and Quinisext Council
Quorum (Latter Day Saints)
In the Latter Day Saint movement, a quorum is a group of people ordained or endowed with priesthood authority, and organized to act together as a body.
See Clergy and Quorum (Latter Day Saints)
Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)
In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (also known as the Quorum of the Twelve, the Council of the Twelve Apostles, or simply the Twelve) is one of the governing bodies in the church hierarchy.
See Clergy and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)
Qurban (Islamic ritual sacrifice)
Qurbāni (قربان) or uḍḥiyah (sacrificial animal) as referred to in Islamic law, is a ritual animal sacrifice of a livestock animal during Eid al-Adha.
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Rabbi
A rabbi (רַבִּי|translit.
See Clergy and Rabbi
Rabbinic Judaism
Rabbinic Judaism (יהדות רבנית|Yahadut Rabanit), also called Rabbinism, Rabbinicism, or Rabbanite Judaism, has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian Talmud.
See Clergy and Rabbinic Judaism
Rabbinic literature
Rabbinic literature, in its broadest sense, is the entire spectrum of works authored by rabbis throughout Jewish history.
See Clergy and Rabbinic literature
Rōshi
(Japanese: "old teacher"; "old master") is a title in Zen Buddhism with different usages depending on sect and country.
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Reader (liturgy)
In some Christian denominations, a reader or lector is the person responsible for reading aloud excerpts of scripture at a liturgy.
See Clergy and Reader (liturgy)
Rebbe
A Rebbe (translit) or Admor (אדמו״ר) is the spiritual leader in the Hasidic movement, and the personalities of its dynasties.
See Clergy and Rebbe
Reconstructionist Judaism
Reconstructionist Judaism is a Jewish movement based on the concepts developed by Rabbi Mordecai Kaplan (1881–1983) that views Judaism as a progressively evolving civilization rather than just a religion.
See Clergy and Reconstructionist Judaism
Reform Judaism
Reform Judaism, also known as Liberal Judaism or Progressive Judaism, is a major Jewish denomination that emphasizes the evolving nature of Judaism, the superiority of its ethical aspects to its ceremonial ones, and belief in a continuous revelation which is closely intertwined with human reason and not limited to the Theophany at Mount Sinai.
Religion
Religion is a range of social-cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relate humanity to supernatural, transcendental, and spiritual elements—although there is no scholarly consensus over what precisely constitutes a religion.
Religious institute
In the Catholic Church, a religious institute is "a society in which members, according to proper law, pronounce public vows, either perpetual or temporary which are to be renewed, however, when the period of time has elapsed, and lead a life of brothers or sisters in common." A religious institute is one of the two types of institutes of consecrated life; the other is the secular institute, where its members are "living in the world".
See Clergy and Religious institute
Responsa
Responsa (plural of Latin responsum, 'answer') comprise a body of written decisions and rulings given by legal scholars in response to questions addressed to them.
Revelation in Mormonism
In Mormonism, revelation is communication from God to man.
See Clergy and Revelation in Mormonism
Rinpoche
Rinpoche, also spelled Rimpoche, is an honorific term used in the Tibetan language.
Ritual
A ritual is a sequence of activities involving gestures, words, actions, or revered objects.
Ritual slaughter
Ritual slaughter is the practice of slaughtering livestock for meat in the context of a ritual.
See Clergy and Ritual slaughter
Roman Curia
The Roman Curia (Romana Curia) comprises the administrative institutions of the Holy See and the central body through which the affairs of the Roman Catholic Church are conducted.
Rumi
Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī (جلالالدین محمّد رومی), or simply Rumi (30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century poet, Hanafi faqih (jurist), Islamic scholar, Maturidi theologian (mutakallim), and Sufi mystic originally from Greater Khorasan in Greater Iran.
See Clergy and Rumi
Saṃsāra
Saṃsāra (Devanagari: संसार) is a Pali and Sanskrit word that means "wandering" as well as "world," wherein the term connotes "cyclic change" or, less formally, "running around in circles." Saṃsāra is referred to with terms or phrases such as transmigration/reincarnation, karmic cycle, or Punarjanman, and "cycle of aimless drifting, wandering or mundane existence".
Sacraments of the Catholic Church
There are seven sacraments of the Catholic Church, which according to Catholic theology were instituted by Jesus Christ and entrusted to the Church.
See Clergy and Sacraments of the Catholic Church
Sacred king
In many historical societies, the position of kingship carries a sacral meaning; that is, it is identical with that of a high priest and judge.
Sacred mysteries
Sacred mysteries are the areas of supernatural phenomena associated with a divinity or a religious belief and praxis. Clergy and Sacred mysteries are religious terminology.
See Clergy and Sacred mysteries
Sacredness
Sacred describes something that is dedicated or set apart for the service or worship of a deity; is considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion; or inspires awe or reverence among believers.
Sadducees
The Sadducees (lit) were a sect of Jews active in Judea during the Second Temple period, from the second century BCE to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE.
Sadhu
Sadhu (साधु, IAST: (male), sādhvī or sādhvīne (female)), also spelled saddhu, is a religious ascetic, mendicant or any holy person in Hinduism and Jainism who has renounced the worldly life.
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Samanera
A sāmaṇera (Pali), श्रामणेर, is a novice male monk in a Buddhist context.
San Francisco Zen Center
San Francisco Zen Center (SFZC), is a network of affiliated Sōtō Zen practice and retreat centers in the San Francisco Bay area, comprising City Center or Beginner's Mind Temple, Tassajara Zen Mountain Center, and Green Gulch Farm Zen Center.
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Sangha
Sangha is a Sanskrit word used in many Indian languages, including Pali which means "association", "assembly", "company" or "community"; in these languages, sangha is frequently used as a surname.
Sannyasa
Sannyasa (Sanskrit: संन्यास; IAST), sometimes spelled Sanyasa or Sanyasi (for the person), is life of renunciation and the fourth stage within the Hindu system of four life stages known as Ashramas, with the first three being Brahmacharya (on the path of Brahma), Grihastha (householder) and Vanaprastha (forest dweller, retired).
Sayadaw
A sayadaw (ဆရာတော်,;, and alternatively spelled hsayadaw, sayado, sayāḍo or sayāḍaw, Sanskrit: Śārada) is a Burmese Buddhist title used to reference the senior monk or abbot of a monastery.
Second Vatican Council
The Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the or, was the 21st and most recent ecumenical council of the Catholic Church.
See Clergy and Second Vatican Council
Secular clergy
In Christianity, the term secular clergy refers to deacons and priests who are not monastics or otherwise members of religious life.
Secular institute
In the Catholic Church, a secular institute is one of the forms of consecrated life recognized in Church law (1983 Code of Canon Law Canons 710–730).
See Clergy and Secular institute
Semikhah
Semikhah (סמיכה) is the traditional Jewish name for rabbinic ordination.
Seminary
A seminary, school of theology, theological college, or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students (sometimes called seminarians) in scripture and theology, generally to prepare them for ordination to serve as clergy, in academics, or mostly in Christian ministry.
Seventy (LDS Church)
Seventy is a priesthood office in the Melchizedek priesthood of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
See Clergy and Seventy (LDS Church)
Shamanism
Shamanism or samanism is a religious practice that involves a practitioner (shaman or saman) interacting with the spirit world through altered states of consciousness, such as trance.
Sharia
Sharia (sharīʿah) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and hadith.
Shechita
In Judaism, shechita (anglicized:; שחיטה;; also transliterated shehitah, shechitah, shehita) is ritual slaughtering of certain mammals and birds for food according to kashrut.
Sheikh
Sheikh (shaykh,, شُيُوخ, shuyūkh) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder".
Shia Islam
Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.
Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
The Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC; Supreme Gurdwara Management Committee) is an organization in India responsible for the management of gurdwaras, Sikh places of worship, in the states of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh and the union territory of Chandigarh.
See Clergy and Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)
The Siege of Jerusalem of 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), in which the Roman army led by future emperor Titus besieged Jerusalem, the center of Jewish rebel resistance in the Roman province of Judaea.
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Sikhs
Sikhs (singular Sikh: or; sikkh) are an ethnoreligious group who adhere to Sikhism, a religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak.
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Sir George Fleming, 2nd Baronet
Sir George Fleming, 2nd Baronet (1667 – 2 July 1747) was a British churchman.
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Society of apostolic life
A society of apostolic life is a group of men or women within the Catholic Church who have come together for a specific purpose and live fraternally.
See Clergy and Society of apostolic life
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, historically known as Ceylon, and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia.
Stake (Latter Day Saints)
A stake is an administrative unit composed of multiple congregations in certain denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement.
See Clergy and Stake (Latter Day Saints)
State religion
A state religion (also called official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state.
Subdeacon
Subdeacon is a minor order of ministry for men in various branches of Christianity.
Sufism
Sufism is a mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic purification, spirituality, ritualism and asceticism.
Talmud
The Talmud (תַּלְמוּד|Talmūḏ|teaching) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology.
Taoism
Taoism or Daoism is a diverse philosophical and religious tradition indigenous to China, emphasizing harmony with the Tao—generally understood as an impersonal, enigmatic process of transformation ultimately underlying reality.
Territorial abbey
A territorial abbey (or territorial abbacy) is a particular church of the Catholic Church comprising defined territory which is not part of a diocese but surrounds an abbey or monastery whose abbot or superior functions as ordinary for all Catholics and parishes in the territory.
See Clergy and Territorial abbey
Tertön
Tertön is a term within Tibetan Buddhism meaning a person who is a discoverer of ancient hidden texts or terma.
Thailand
Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Indochinese Peninsula.
The Buddha
Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha ('the awakened'), was a wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, informally known as the LDS Church or Mormon Church, is the largest Latter Day Saint denomination, tracing its roots to its founding by Joseph Smith during the Second Great Awakening.
See Clergy and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Theology
Theology is the study of religious belief from a religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity.
Theravada
Theravāda ('School of the Elders') is the most commonly accepted name of Buddhism's oldest existing school.
Thilashin
A (သီလရှင်,,(သဳလ), "possessor of morality", from Pali sīla) is a female renunciant in Burmese Buddhism; a Burmese Theravada Buddhist nun.
Tibetan Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism is a form of Buddhism practiced in Tibet, Bhutan and Mongolia.
See Clergy and Tibetan Buddhism
Tonsure
Tonsure is the practice of cutting or shaving some or all of the hair on the scalp as a sign of religious devotion or humility.
Torah
The Torah (תּוֹרָה, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.
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Traditionalist Catholicism
Traditionalist Catholicism is a movement that emphasizes beliefs, practices, customs, traditions, liturgical forms, devotions and presentations of teaching associated with the Catholic Church before the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965).
See Clergy and Traditionalist Catholicism
Tulku
A tulku (also tülku, trulku) is a distinctive and significant aspect of Tibetan Buddhism, embodying the concept of enlightened beings taking corporeal forms to continue the lineage of specific teachings.
See Clergy and Tulku
Twelver Shi'ism
Twelver Shīʿism (ٱثْنَا عَشَرِيَّة), also known as Imāmiyya (إِمَامِيَّة), is the largest branch of Shīʿa, comprising about 90% of all Shīas.
See Clergy and Twelver Shi'ism
Ulama
In Islam, the ulama (the learned ones; singular ʿālim; feminine singular alimah; plural aalimath), also spelled ulema, are scholars of Islamic doctrine and law.
See Clergy and Ulama
United Methodist Church
The United Methodist Church (UMC) is a worldwide mainline Protestant denomination based in the United States, and a major part of Methodism.
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University of Chicago
The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, U of C, or UChi) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.
See Clergy and University of Chicago
Vedic priesthood
Priests of the Vedic religion are officiants of the yajna service.
See Clergy and Vedic priesthood
Vinaya
The Vinaya texts (Pali and Sanskrit: विनय) are texts of the Buddhist canon (Tripitaka) that also contain the rules and precepts for fully ordained monks and nuns of Buddhist Sanghas (community of like-minded sramanas).
Waqf
A (وَقْف;, plural), also called a (plural حُبوس or أَحْباس), or mortmain property, is an inalienable charitable endowment under Islamic law.
See Clergy and Waqf
Ward (LDS Church)
A ward is a local congregation in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), with a smaller local congregation known as a branch.
See Clergy and Ward (LDS Church)
Workplace wellness
Workplace wellness, also known as corporate wellbeing outside the United States, is a broad term used to describe activities, programs, and/or organizational policies designed to support healthy behavior in the workplace.
See Clergy and Workplace wellness
Yoruba people
The Yoruba people (Ọmọ Odùduwà, Ọmọ Káàárọ̀-oòjíire) are a West African ethnic group who mainly inhabit parts of Nigeria, Benin, and Togo.
Zen master
Zen master is a somewhat vague English term that arose in the first half of the 20th century, sometimes used to refer to an individual who teaches Zen Buddhist meditation and practices, usually implying longtime study and subsequent authorization to teach and transmit the tradition themselves.
Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism (Din-e Zartoshti), also known as Mazdayasna and Behdin, is an Iranian religion.
See also
Estates (social groups)
- Bourgeois of Brussels
- Bourgeois of Paris
- Bourgeoisie
- Bourgeoisie of Geneva
- Burgess (title)
- Burgher (social class)
- Burgher arms
- Clergy
- Diputación del General del Reino de Aragón
- Estates of the realm
- Franklin (class)
- French peasants
- Landstände
- Lebanese nobility
- Nobility
- Peasant
- Peasants
- Social estates in the Russian Empire
References
Also known as (Fmr.) Father, Church man, Church men, Churchperson, Clergies, Clergy in the Catholic Church, Clergy man, Clergy men, Clergyman, Clergymen, Clergyperson, Clergywoman, Clergywomen, Cleric, Clerics, Eccleasiastic, Ecclesiast, Ecclesiastical Person, Estate of Swedish Clergy, History of the Priesthood, Lead a religious assembly, Person, Ecclesiastical, Presbyterate, Presbyteriate, Priest hood, Priest hoods, Priesthoods, Regular Clergy, Religieux, Religious Leader, Religious leadership, Spiritual Leader, The clergy.
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