Clojure and First-class function

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Difference between Clojure and First-class function

Clojure vs. First-class function

Clojure (like closure) is a dynamic and functional dialect of the Lisp programming language on the Java platform. Like most other Lisps, Clojure's syntax is built on S-expressions that are first parsed into data structures by a reader before being compiled. Clojure's reader supports literal syntax for maps, sets and vectors along with lists, and these are compiled to the mentioned structures directly. Clojure treats code as data and has a Lisp macro system. Clojure is a Lisp-1 and is not intended to be code-compatible with other dialects of Lisp, since it uses its own set of data structures incompatible with other Lisps. Clojure advocates immutability and immutable data structures and encourages programmers to be explicit about managing identity and its states. This focus on programming with immutable values and explicit progression-of-time constructs is intended to facilitate developing more robust, especially concurrent, programs that are simple and fast. While its type system is entirely dynamic, recent efforts have also sought the implementation of a dependent type system. The language was created by Rich Hickey in the mid-2000s, originally for the Java platform; the language has since been ported to other platforms, such as the Common Language Runtime (.NET). Hickey continues to lead development of the language as its benevolent dictator for life. In computer science, a programming language is said to have first-class functions if it treats functions as first-class citizens.

Array (data structure)

In computer science, an array is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements (values or variables), of same memory size, each identified by at least one array index or key.

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C Sharp (programming language)

C# is a general-purpose high-level programming language supporting multiple paradigms.

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C++

C++ (pronounced "C plus plus" and sometimes abbreviated as CPP) is a high-level, general-purpose programming language created by Danish computer scientist Bjarne Stroustrup.

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Closure (computer programming)

In programming languages, a closure, also lexical closure or function closure, is a technique for implementing lexically scoped name binding in a language with first-class functions.

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Common Lisp

Common Lisp (CL) is a dialect of the Lisp programming language, published in American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard document ANSI INCITS 226-1994 (S2018) (formerly X3.226-1994 (R1999)).

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Elixir (programming language)

Elixir is a functional, concurrent, high-level general-purpose programming language that runs on the BEAM virtual machine, which is also used to implement the Erlang programming language.

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Erlang (programming language)

Erlang is a general-purpose, concurrent, functional high-level programming language, and a garbage-collected runtime system.

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Fold (higher-order function)

In functional programming, fold (also termed reduce, accumulate, aggregate, compress, or inject) refers to a family of higher-order functions that analyze a recursive data structure and through use of a given combining operation, recombine the results of recursively processing its constituent parts, building up a return value.

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Function (computer programming)

In computer programming, a function, procedure, method, subroutine, routine, or subprogram is a callable unit of software logic that has a well-defined interface and behavior and can be invoked multiple times.

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Functional programming

In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions.

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Garbage collection (computer science)

In computer science, garbage collection (GC) is a form of automatic memory management.

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Go (programming language)

Go is a statically typed, compiled high-level programming language designed at Google by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson.

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Haskell

Haskell is a general-purpose, statically-typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation.

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Higher-order function

In mathematics and computer science, a higher-order function (HOF) is a function that does at least one of the following.

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Java (programming language)

Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

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JavaScript

JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, is a programming language and core technology of the Web, alongside HTML and CSS.

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Lisp (programming language)

Lisp (historically LISP, an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized prefix notation.

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List (abstract data type)

In computer science, a list or sequence is collection of items that are finite in number and in a particular order.

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Map (higher-order function)

In many programming languages, map is a higher-order function that applies a given function to each element of a collection, e.g. a list or set, returning the results in a collection of the same type.

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ML (programming language)

ML (Meta Language) is a general-purpose, high-level, functional programming language.

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Perl

Perl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language.

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Persistent data structure

In computing, a persistent data structure or not ephemeral data structure is a data structure that always preserves the previous version of itself when it is modified.

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Polymorphism (computer science)

In programming language theory and type theory, polymorphism is the use of a single symbol to represent multiple different types.

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Programming language

A programming language is a system of notation for writing computer programs.

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Recursion

Recursion occurs when the definition of a concept or process depends on a simpler or previous version of itself.

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Ruby (programming language)

Ruby is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language.

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Rust (programming language)

Rust is a general-purpose programming language emphasizing performance, type safety, and concurrency.

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Scheme (programming language)

Scheme is a dialect of the Lisp family of programming languages.

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