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189 relations: Age of Enlightenment, Ahmadiyya, Allusion, Analects, Ancestor veneration in China, Ancestry.com, Ancient Chinese states, Ancient philosophy, Aphorism, Aristocracy (class), Arthur Waley, Athens, B1A4, Book of Rites, Bryan Sykes, Buddhism, Cai (state), Cao (state), Cemetery of Confucius, Changwon, Chen (state), China, Chinese characters, Chinese Civil War, Chinese classics, Chinese philosophy, Chinese Rites controversy, Christian Wolff (philosopher), Christmas, Chu (state), Chu–Han Contention, Classic of Poetry, Communist Party of China, Confucianism, Confucius Genealogy Compilation Committee, Conservatism, Cultural Christian, Cultural Revolution, D. C. Lau, Debra Paget, Deism, Democracy, Disciples of Confucius, Diyu, Dogma, Dongping County, Doosan Encyclopedia, Duke, Duke Yansheng, Duty, ..., East Asian cultural sphere, Empathy, Emperor Gaozu of Han, Emperor Renzong of Song, Emperor Wu of Han, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, Ethics, Ezra Pound, Facial expression, Family tree of Confucius in the main line of descent, Father's Day, Feudalism, Four Books and Five Classics, Four occupations, Four Sages, François Noël (missionary), François Quesnay, Fresco, Gautama Buddha, Golden Rule, Gong clan of Qufu, Gong Hyo-jin, Gong Yoo, Gongchan, Gongmin of Goryeo, Goryeo, Great Learning, Gwangjong of Goryeo, H. H. Kung, Han dynasty, Hanja, Hanlin Academy, Herrlee G. Creel, History of China, History of the world, Honesty, Hongwu Emperor, Humanism, Hun and po, Hundred Schools of Thought, Hyanggyo, I Ching, Innuendo, James Legge, Jeongjo of Joseon, Jesuit China missions, Jin (Chinese state), Jin dynasty (1115–1234), Jonathan Clements, Joseon, Kong He, Korean nobility, Kung Te-cheng, Kung Tsui-chang, Kuomintang, Laozi, Latin, Legalism (Chinese philosophy), Li (Confucianism), Li Si, List of minor planets: 7001–8000, Lu (state), Mandarin Chinese, Mandate of Heaven, Marquess, Marquis of Haihun, Matteo Ricci, Mencius, Mencius (book), Michele Ruggieri, Ming dynasty, Minzy, Mohism, Naming taboo, Nationalist government, Natural morality, Neo-Confucianism, New Confucianism, Northern and Southern dynasties, Old Chinese, Perfection, Philip J. Ivanhoe, Philippe Couplet, Pope Clement XI, Prague, Premier of the Republic of China, Prophets and messengers in Islam, Prospero Intorcetta, Qi (state), Qin (state), Qin dynasty, Qin Shi Huang, Qing dynasty, Qiu Ying, Queen Noguk, Qufu, Records of the Grand Historian, Regular script, Ren (Confucianism), Righteousness, Robert Cummings Neville, Salerno, Seal script, Selfishness, Seokjeon Daeje, Shandong, Shang dynasty, Six Arts, Social philosophy, Song (state), Song dynasty, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea, Spring and Autumn period, Sungkyunkwan, Tang dynasty, Taoism, Tautology (rhetoric), Temple of Confucius, Temple of Confucius, Qufu, Three Huan, Tian, Toghon Temür, Truth, Virtue ethics, Western world, Wey (state), Wu Daozi, Xuanxue, Xun Kuang, Yan Hui, Yuan dynasty, Zengzi, Zheng (state), Zhou dynasty, Zhu Xi, Zisi, Zuo zhuan, 1351. Expand index (139 more) »
Age of Enlightenment
The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in lit in Aufklärung, "Enlightenment", in L’Illuminismo, “Enlightenment” and in Spanish: La Ilustración, "Enlightenment") was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, "The Century of Philosophy".
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Ahmadiyya
Ahmadiyya (officially, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community or the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama'at; الجماعة الإسلامية الأحمدية, transliterated: al-Jamā'ah al-Islāmiyyah al-Aḥmadiyyah; احمدیہ مسلم جماعت) is an Islamic religious movement founded in Punjab, British India, in the late 19th century.
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Allusion
Allusion is a figure of speech, in which one refers covertly or indirectly to an object or circumstance from an external context.
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Analects
The Analects (Old Chinese: *run ŋ(r)aʔ), also known as the Analects of Confucius, is a collection of sayings and ideas attributed to the Chinese philosopher Confucius and his contemporaries, traditionally believed to have been compiled and written by Confucius's followers.
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Ancestor veneration in China
Chinese ancestor worship, or Chinese ancestor veneration, also called the Chinese patriarchal religion, is an aspect of the Chinese traditional religion which revolves around the ritual celebration of the deified ancestors and tutelary deities of people with the same surname organised into lineage societies in ancestral shrines.
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Ancestry.com
Ancestry.com LLC is a privately held online company based in Lehi, Utah.
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Ancient Chinese states
Ancient Chinese States were typified by variously sized city states and territories that existed in China prior to its unification by Qin Shi Huang in 221 BCE.
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Ancient philosophy
This page lists some links to ancient philosophy.
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Aphorism
An aphorism (from Greek ἀφορισμός: aphorismos, denoting "delimitation", "distinction", and "definition") is a concise, terse, laconic, and/or memorable expression of a general truth or principle.
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Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy is a social class that a particular society considers its highest order.
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Arthur Waley
Arthur David Waley (born Arthur David Schloss, 19 August 188927 June 1966) was an English Orientalist and sinologist who achieved both popular and scholarly acclaim for his translations of Chinese and Japanese poetry.
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Athens
Athens (Αθήνα, Athína; Ἀθῆναι, Athênai) is the capital and largest city of Greece.
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B1A4
B1A4 is a South Korean boy group formed by WM Entertainment.
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Book of Rites
The Book of Rites or Liji is a collection of texts describing the social forms, administration, and ceremonial rites of the Zhou dynasty as they were understood in the Warring States and the early Han periods.
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Bryan Sykes
Bryan Clifford Sykes (born 9 September 1947) is a Fellow of Wolfson College, and Emeritus Professor of Human Genetics at the University of Oxford.
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Buddhism
Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.
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Cai (state)
Cài (Old Chinese: *s.r̥ˁat-s) was an ancient Chinese state established at the beginning of the Zhou dynasty, rising to prominence during the Spring and Autumn period, and destroyed early in the Warring States period.
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Cao (state)
The State of Cao was a vassal state in China during the Zhou Dynasty (1046–221 BC).
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Cemetery of Confucius
The Cemetery of Confucius is a cemetery of the Kong clan (the descendants of Confucius) in Confucius' hometown Qufu in Shandong province.
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Changwon
Changwon is the capital city of Gyeongsangnam-do, on the southeast coast of South Korea.
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Chen (state)
Chen (陳) was a Zhou dynasty vassal state of ancient China.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Chinese characters
Chinese characters are logograms primarily used in the writing of Chinese and Japanese.
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Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was a war fought between the Kuomintang (KMT)-led government of the Republic of China and the Communist Party of China (CPC).
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Chinese classics
Chinese classic texts or canonical texts refers to the Chinese texts which originated before the imperial unification by the Qin dynasty in 221 BC, particularly the "Four Books and Five Classics" of the Neo-Confucian tradition, themselves a customary abridgment of the "Thirteen Classics".
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Chinese philosophy
Chinese philosophy originates in the Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, during a period known as the "Hundred Schools of Thought", which was characterized by significant intellectual and cultural developments.
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Chinese Rites controversy
The Chinese Rites controversy was a dispute among Roman Catholic missionaries over the religiosity of Confucianism and Chinese rituals during the 17th and 18th centuries.
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Christian Wolff (philosopher)
Christian Wolff (less correctly Wolf,; also known as Wolfius; ennobled as Christian Freiherr von Wolff; 24 January 1679 – 9 April 1754) was a German philosopher.
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Christmas
Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ,Martindale, Cyril Charles.
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Chu (state)
Chu (Old Chinese: *s-r̥aʔ) was a hegemonic, Zhou dynasty era state.
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Chu–Han Contention
The Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC) was an interregnum between the Qin dynasty and the Han dynasty in Chinese history.
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Classic of Poetry
The Classic of Poetry, also Shijing or Shih-ching, translated variously as the Book of Songs, Book of Odes, or simply known as the Odes or Poetry is the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, comprising 305 works dating from the 11th to 7th centuries BC.
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Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China (CPC), also referred to as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China.
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Confucianism
Confucianism, also known as Ruism, is described as tradition, a philosophy, a religion, a humanistic or rationalistic religion, a way of governing, or simply a way of life.
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Confucius Genealogy Compilation Committee
The Confucius Genealogy Compilation Committee (孔子世家谱续修工作协会) is responsible for collecting, collating and publishing the 2,500 years' worth of genealogical data associated with Confucius.
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Conservatism
Conservatism is a political and social philosophy promoting traditional social institutions in the context of culture and civilization.
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Cultural Christian
Cultural Christians are referred to those deists, pantheists, agnostics, atheists, and antitheists who are not Christians but adhere to Christian values and appreciate Christian culture.
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Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution, formally the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in China from 1966 until 1976.
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D. C. Lau
D.
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Debra Paget
Debra Paget (born Debralee Griffin; August 19, 1933) is an American actress and entertainer.
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Deism
Deism (or; derived from Latin "deus" meaning "god") is a philosophical belief that posits that God exists and is ultimately responsible for the creation of the universe, but does not interfere directly with the created world.
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Democracy
Democracy (δημοκρατία dēmokraa thetía, literally "rule by people"), in modern usage, has three senses all for a system of government where the citizens exercise power by voting.
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Disciples of Confucius
According to Sima Qian, Confucius said: "The disciples who received my instructions, and could themselves comprehend them, were seventy-seven individuals.
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Diyu
Diyu is the realm of the dead or "hell" in Chinese mythology.
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Dogma
The term dogma is used in pejorative and non-pejorative senses.
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Dongping County
Dongping County is a county in the southwestern part of Tai'an, in the west of Shandong Province, China.
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Doosan Encyclopedia
Doosan Encyclopedia is a Korean language encyclopedia published by Doosan Donga (두산동아).
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Duke
A duke (male) or duchess (female) can either be a monarch ruling over a duchy or a member of royalty or nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch.
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Duke Yansheng
The Duke of Yansheng, literally "Duke Overflowing with Sagacity", sometimes translated as Holy Duke of Yen, was a Chinese title of nobility.
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Duty
A duty (from "due" meaning "that which is owing"; deu, did, past participle of devoir; debere, debitum, whence "debt") is a commitment or expectation to perform some action in general or if certain circumstances arise.
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East Asian cultural sphere
The "Sinosphere", or "East Asian cultural sphere", refers to a grouping of countries and regions in East Asia that were historically influenced by the Chinese culture.
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Empathy
Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within their frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another's position.
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Emperor Gaozu of Han
Emperor Gaozu of Han (256 BC – 1 June 195 BC), born Liu Bang (刘邦), was the founder and first emperor of the Han dynasty, reigning from 202 – 195 BC.
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Emperor Renzong of Song
Emperor Renzong of Song (30 May 1010 – 30 April 1063, Chinese calendar: 14 April 1010（the 3rd year of Dazhongxiangfu, 大中祥符三年） - 29 March 1063 (the 8th year of Jiayou, 嘉祐八年)), personal name Zhao Zhen, was the fourth emperor of the Song dynasty in China.
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Emperor Wu of Han
Emperor Wu of Han (30 July 157BC29 March 87BC), born Liu Che, courtesy name Tong, was the seventh emperor of the Han dynasty of China, ruling from 141–87 BC.
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Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang (8 September 685 – 3 May 762), also commonly known as Emperor Ming of Tang or Illustrious August, personal name Li Longji, also known as Wu Longji from 690 to 705, was the seventh emperor of the Tang dynasty in China, reigning from 713 to 756 C.E. His reign of 43 years was the longest during the Tang dynasty.
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Ethics
Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct.
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Ezra Pound
Ezra Weston Loomis Pound (30 October 1885 – 1 November 1972) was an expatriate American poet and critic, as well as a major figure in the early modernist poetry movement.
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Facial expression
A facial expression is one or more motions or positions of the muscles beneath the skin of the face.
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Family tree of Confucius in the main line of descent
This is a family tree of the main line of descent of Confucius.
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Father's Day
Father's Day is a celebration honoring fathers and celebrating fatherhood, paternal bonds, and the influence of fathers in society.
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Feudalism
Feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries.
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Four Books and Five Classics
The Four Books and Five Classics are the authoritative books of Confucianism in China written before 300 BC.
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Four occupations
The four occupations or "four categories of the people"Hansson, pp.
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Four Sages
The Four Sages, Assessors,Legge, James.
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François Noël (missionary)
François Noël (18 August 1651– 17 September 1729) was a Flemish Jesuit poet, dramatist, and missionary to the Qing Empire.
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François Quesnay
François Quesnay (4 June 1694 – 16 December 1774) was a French economist and physician of the Physiocratic school.
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Fresco
Fresco (plural frescos or frescoes) is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid, or wet lime plaster.
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Gautama Buddha
Gautama Buddha (c. 563/480 – c. 483/400 BCE), also known as Siddhārtha Gautama, Shakyamuni Buddha, or simply the Buddha, after the title of Buddha, was an ascetic (śramaṇa) and sage, on whose teachings Buddhism was founded.
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Golden Rule
The Golden Rule (which can be considered a law of reciprocity in some religions) is the principle of treating others as one would wish to be treated.
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Gong clan of Qufu
Gong clan of Qufu is one of the Korean clans.
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Gong Hyo-jin
Gong Hyo-jin (born April 4, 1980) is a South Korean actress.
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Gong Yoo
Gong Ji-cheol (born July 10, 1979), better known by his stage name Gong Yoo, is a South Korean actor.
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Gongchan
Gong Chan-sik (born August 14, 1993), better known by his stage name Gongchan, is a South Korean singer and actor.
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Gongmin of Goryeo
King Gongmin of Goryeo (23 May 1330 – 27 October 1374) ruled Goryeo Dynasty Korea from 1351 to 1374.
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Goryeo
Goryeo (918–1392), also spelled as Koryŏ, was a Korean kingdom established in 918 by King Taejo.
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Great Learning
The Great Learning or Daxue was one of the "Four Books" in Confucianism.
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Gwangjong of Goryeo
Gwangjong (925 – 4 July 975), personal name Wang So, was the fourth king of Goryeo.
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H. H. Kung
Kung Hsiang-hsi (September 11, 1881 – August 16, 1967), often known as Dr.
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Han dynasty
The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han Chinese" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC–9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD). The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies, and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BC) onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD. The Han dynasty saw an age of economic prosperity and witnessed a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BC). The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations. To finance its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the Han government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han dynasty. Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances, including the process of papermaking, the nautical steering ship rudder, the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy, and a seismometer for measuring earthquakes employing an inverted pendulum. The Xiongnu, a nomadic steppe confederation, defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner, but continued their raids on the Han borders. Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them. The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries. These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations, and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road, which reached as far as the Mediterranean world. The territories north of Han's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation. Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south, annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC, and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC. After 92 AD, the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics, engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager, causing the Han's ultimate downfall. Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion. Following the death of Emperor Ling (r. 168–189 AD), the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers, allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire. When Cao Pi, King of Wei, usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, the Han dynasty would eventually collapse and ceased to exist.
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Hanja
Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters.
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Hanlin Academy
The Hanlin Academy (Manchu: bithei yamun) was an academic and administrative institution founded in the eighth-century Tang China by Emperor Xuanzong in Chang'an.
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Herrlee G. Creel
Herrlee Glessner Creel (January 19, 1905June 1, 1994) was an American Sinologist and philosopher who specialized in Chinese philosophy and history, and was a professor of Chinese at the University of Chicago for nearly 40 years.
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History of China
The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC,William G. Boltz, Early Chinese Writing, World Archaeology, Vol.
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History of the world
The history of the world is the history of humanity (or human history), as determined from archaeology, anthropology, genetics, linguistics, and other disciplines; and, for periods since the invention of writing, from recorded history and from secondary sources and studies.
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Honesty
Honesty refers to a facet of moral character and connotes positive and virtuous attributes such as integrity, truthfulness, straightforwardness, including straightforwardness of conduct, along with the absence of lying, cheating, theft, etc.
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Hongwu Emperor
The Hongwu Emperor (21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398), personal name Zhu Yuanzhang (Chu Yuan-chang in Wade-Giles), was the founding emperor of China's Ming dynasty.
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Humanism
Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism and empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition.
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Hun and po
Hun and po are types of souls in Chinese philosophy and traditional religion.
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Hundred Schools of Thought
The Hundred Schools of Thought were philosophies and schools that flourished from the 6th century to 221 BC, during the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period of ancient China.
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Hyanggyo
The Hyanggyo were government-run provincial schools established separately during the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392) and Joseon Dynasty (July 1392 - August 1910), but did not meet with widespread success in either dynasty.
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I Ching
The I Ching,.
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Innuendo
An innuendo is a hint, insinuation or intimation about a person or thing, especially of a denigrating or a derogatory nature.
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James Legge
James Legge (20 December 181529 November 1897) was a Scottish sinologist, missionary, and scholar, best known as an early and prolific translator of Classical Chinese texts into English.
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Jeongjo of Joseon
Jeongjo of Joseon (28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800) was the 22nd ruler of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (r. 1776-1800).
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Jesuit China missions
The history of the missions of the Jesuits in China is part of the history of relations between China and the Western world.
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Jin (Chinese state)
Jin (Old Chinese: *), originally known as Tang (唐), was a major state during the middle part of the Zhou dynasty, based near the centre of what was then China, on the lands attributed to the legendary Xia dynasty: the southern part of modern Shanxi.
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Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
The Jin dynasty, officially known as the Great Jin, lasted from 1115 to 1234 as one of the last dynasties in Chinese history to predate the Mongol invasion of China.
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Jonathan Clements
Jonathan Michael Clements (born 9 July 1971) is a British author and scriptwriter.
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Joseon
The Joseon dynasty (also transcribed as Chosŏn or Chosun, 조선; officially the Kingdom of Great Joseon, 대조선국) was a Korean dynastic kingdom that lasted for approximately five centuries.
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Kong He
Kong He (孔紇), (? - c. 548 BC) also known as Shuliang He (叔梁紇), was the father of Confucius and an officer in the Lu state military.
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Korean nobility
Korean monarchy existed in Korea until the end of the Japanese occupation.
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Kung Te-cheng
K'ung Te-ch'eng (23 February 1920 – 28 October 2008) was a 77th generation descendant of Confucius in the main line of descent.
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Kung Tsui-chang
Kung Tsui-chang (born 1 July 1975) is the Sacrificial Official to Confucius in the Republic of China (Taiwan) and Senior Advisor to the President of the Republic of China.
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Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China (KMT; often translated as the Nationalist Party of China) is a major political party in the Republic of China on Taiwan, based in Taipei and is currently the opposition political party in the Legislative Yuan.
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Laozi
Laozi (. Collins English Dictionary.; also Lao-Tzu,. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.. American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2016. or Lao-Tze;, literally "Old Master") was an ancient Chinese philosopher and writer.
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Latin
Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Legalism (Chinese philosophy)
Fajia or Legalism is one of Sima Tan's six classical schools of thought in Chinese philosophy.
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Li (Confucianism)
Li is a classical Chinese word which is commonly used in Chinese philosophy, particularly within Confucianism.
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Li Si
Li Si (280 BCSeptember or October 208 BC) was a Chinese politician of the Qin dynasty, well known Legalist writer and politician, and notable calligrapher.
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List of minor planets: 7001–8000
No description.
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Lu (state)
Lu (c. 1042–249 BC) was a vassal state during the Zhou dynasty of ancient China.
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Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin is a group of related varieties of Chinese spoken across most of northern and southwestern China.
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Mandate of Heaven
The Mandate of Heaven or Tian Ming is a Chinese political and religious doctrine used since ancient times to justify the rule of the King or Emperor of China.
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Marquess
A marquess (marquis) is a nobleman of hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies.
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Marquis of Haihun
Liu He (c.92- 59 BC) was an emperor of the Chinese Han dynasty with the era name Yuanping.
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Matteo Ricci
Matteo Ricci, S.J. (Mattheus Riccius Maceratensis; 6 October 1552 – 11 May 1610), was an Italian Jesuit priest and one of the founding figures of the Jesuit China missions.
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Mencius
Mencius or Mengzi (372–289 BC or 385–303 or 302BC) was a Chinese philosopher who has often been described as the "second Sage", that is after only Confucius himself.
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Mencius (book)
The Mencius (Old Chinese: *mˤraŋ-s tsəʔ) is a collection of anecdotes and conversations of the Confucian thinker and philosopher Mencius on topics in moral and political philosophy, often between Mencius and the rulers of the various Warring States.
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Michele Ruggieri
Michele or Michael Ruggieri (1543– 11 May 1607), born Pompilio Ruggieri and known in China as Luo Mingjian, was an Italian Jesuit priest and missionary.
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Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty was the ruling dynasty of China – then known as the – for 276 years (1368–1644) following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.
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Minzy
Gong Min-ji (born January 18, 1994), better known by her stage name Minzy, is a South Korean singer and songwriter.
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Mohism
Mohism or Moism was an ancient Chinese philosophy of logic, rational thought and science developed by the academic scholars who studied under the ancient Chinese philosopher Mozi (c. 470 BC – c. 391 BC) and embodied in an eponymous book: the Mozi.
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Naming taboo
A naming taboo is a cultural taboo against speaking or writing the given names of exalted persons in China and neighboring nations in the ancient Chinese cultural sphere.
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Nationalist government
The Nationalist government, officially the National Government of the Republic of China, refers to the government of the Republic of China between 1 July 1925 to 20 May 1948, led by the Kuomintang (KMT, Chinese Nationalist Party).
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Natural morality
Natural morality describes a form of morality that is based on how humans evolved, rather than a morality acquired from societal norms or religious teachings.
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Neo-Confucianism
Neo-Confucianism (often shortened to lixue 理學) is a moral, ethical, and metaphysical Chinese philosophy influenced by Confucianism, and originated with Han Yu and Li Ao (772–841) in the Tang Dynasty, and became prominent during the Song and Ming dynasties.
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New Confucianism
New Confucianism is an intellectual movement of Confucianism that began in the early 20th century in Republican China, and further developed in post-Mao era contemporary China.
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Northern and Southern dynasties
The Northern and Southern dynasties was a period in the history of China that lasted from 420 to 589, following the tumultuous era of the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Wu Hu states.
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Old Chinese
Old Chinese, also called Archaic Chinese in older works, is the oldest attested stage of Chinese, and the ancestor of all modern varieties of Chinese.
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Perfection
Perfection is, broadly, a state of completeness and flawlessness.
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Philip J. Ivanhoe
Philip J. Ivanhoe (born January 17, 1954) is an historian of Chinese thought, particularly of Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism.
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Philippe Couplet
Philippe or Philip Couplet (1623–1693), known in China as Bai Yingli, was a Flemish Jesuit missionary to the Qing Empire.
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Pope Clement XI
Pope Clement XI (Clemens XI; 23 July 1649 – 19 March 1721), born Giovanni Francesco Albani, was Pope from 23 November 1700 to his death in 1721.
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Prague
Prague (Praha, Prag) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, the 14th largest city in the European Union and also the historical capital of Bohemia.
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Premier of the Republic of China
The President of the Executive Yuan, commonly known as the Premier of Republic of China (sometimes as Prime Minister), is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China on Taiwan.
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Prophets and messengers in Islam
Prophets in Islam (الأنبياء في الإسلام) include "messengers" (rasul, pl. rusul), bringers of a divine revelation via an angel (Arabic: ملائكة, malāʾikah);Shaatri, A. I. (2007).
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Prospero Intorcetta
Prospero Intorcetta (1626–1696), known to the Chinese as Yin Duoze, was an Italian Jesuit missionary to the Qing Empire.
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Qi (state)
Qi was a state of the Zhou dynasty-era in ancient China, variously reckoned as a march, duchy, and independent kingdom.
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Qin (state)
Qin (Old Chinese: *) was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty.
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Qin dynasty
The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China, lasting from 221 to 206 BC.
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Qin Shi Huang
Qin Shi Huang (18 February 25910 September 210) was the founder of the Qin dynasty and was the first emperor of a unified China.
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Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty, also known as the Qing Empire, officially the Great Qing, was the last imperial dynasty of China, established in 1636 and ruling China from 1644 to 1912.
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Qiu Ying
Qiu Ying (1494? – 1552)Cihai page 211.
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Queen Noguk
Queen Noguk (? – 1365), also known as Queen Indeok, was a Mongolian princess and later queen of Korea, who followed the Yuan Dynasty custom of marrying Goryeo princes into the family line.
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Qufu
Qufu is a city in southwestern Shandong Province, China.
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Records of the Grand Historian
The Records of the Grand Historian, also known by its Chinese name Shiji, is a monumental history of ancient China and the world finished around 94 BC by the Han dynasty official Sima Qian after having been started by his father, Sima Tan, Grand Astrologer to the imperial court.
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Regular script
Regular script (Hepburn: kaisho), also called 正楷, 真書 (zhēnshū), 楷體 (kǎitǐ) and 正書 (zhèngshū), is the newest of the Chinese script styles (appearing by the Cao Wei dynasty ca. 200 CE and maturing stylistically around the 7th century), hence most common in modern writings and publications (after the Ming and gothic styles, used exclusively in print).
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Ren (Confucianism)
Ren is the Confucian virtue denoting the good feeling a virtuous human experiences when being altruistic.
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Righteousness
Righteousness is defined as "the quality of being morally correct and justifiable." It can also be considered synonymous with "rightness".
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Robert Cummings Neville
Robert Cummings Neville (born May 1, 1939 in St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.) is an American systematic philosopher and theologian, author of numerous books and papers, and ex-Dean of the Boston University School of Theology.
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Salerno
Salerno (Salernitano: Salierne) is a city and comune in Campania (southwestern Italy) and is the capital of the province of the same name.
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Seal script
Seal script is an ancient style of writing Chinese characters that was common throughout the latter half of the 1st millennium BC.
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Selfishness
Selfishness is being concerned excessively or exclusively, for oneself or one's own advantage, pleasure, or welfare, regardless of others.
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Seokjeon Daeje
The Seokjeon Daeje, also sometimes called Seokjeonje, is a ceremonial rite performed twice annually to honor Confucius.
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Shandong
Shandong (formerly romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the East China region.
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Shang dynasty
The Shang dynasty or Yin dynasty, according to traditional historiography, ruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC, succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Zhou dynasty.
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Six Arts
The Six Arts formed the basis of education in ancient Chinese culture.
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Social philosophy
Social philosophy is the study of questions about social behavior and interpretations of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations.
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Song (state)
Sòng (Old Chinese: *) was a state during the Zhou dynasty of ancient China, with its capital at Shangqiu.
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Song dynasty
The Song dynasty (960–1279) was an era of Chinese history that began in 960 and continued until 1279.
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South Gyeongsang Province
South Gyeongsang Province (translit) is a province in the southeast of South Korea.
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South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk,; lit. "The Great Country of the Han People"), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying east to the Asian mainland.
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Spring and Autumn period
The Spring and Autumn period was a period in Chinese history from approximately 771 to 476 BC (or according to some authorities until 403 BC) which corresponds roughly to the first half of the Eastern Zhou Period.
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Sungkyunkwan
Sungkyunkwan, was the foremost educational institution in Korea during the late Goryeo and Joseon Dynasties.
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Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty or the Tang Empire was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
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Taoism
Taoism, also known as Daoism, is a religious or philosophical tradition of Chinese origin which emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao (also romanized as ''Dao'').
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Tautology (rhetoric)
In rhetoric, a tautology (from Greek ταὐτός, "the same" and λόγος, "word/idea") is an argument which repeats an assertion using different phrasing.
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Temple of Confucius
A temple of Confucius or Confucian temple is a temple for the veneration of Confucius and the sages and philosophers of Confucianism in Chinese folk religion and other East Asian religions.
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Temple of Confucius, Qufu
The Temple of Confucius in Qufu, Shandong Province, is the largest and most renowned temple of Confucius in East Asia.
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Three Huan
The Three Huan refers to three aristocratic clans, all descendants of Duke Huan of Lu, in the State of Lu, which dominated the government affairs, displacing the power of the dukes, for nearly three centuries during the Spring and Autumn period.
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Tian
Tiān (天) is one of the oldest Chinese terms for heaven and a key concept in Chinese mythology, philosophy, and religion.
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Toghon Temür
Toghon Temür (Тогоонтөмөр, Togoontömör; 25 May 1320 – 23 May 1370), also known by the temple name Emperor Huizong bestowed by the Northern Yuan dynasty in Mongolia and by the posthumous name Shundi bestowed by the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming dynasty China, was a son of Khutughtu Khan Kusala who ruled as emperor of the Yuan dynasty.
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Truth
Truth is most often used to mean being in accord with fact or reality, or fidelity to an original or standard.
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Virtue ethics
Virtue ethics (or aretaic ethics, from Greek ἀρετή (arete)) are normative ethical theories which emphasize virtues of mind and character.
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Western world
The Western world refers to various nations depending on the context, most often including at least part of Europe and the Americas.
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Wey (state)
Wei (Old Chinese: *ɢʷat-s), commonly spelled Wey to distinguish from the larger Wei (魏) state, was an ancient Chinese state that was founded in the early Western Zhou dynasty and rose to prominence during the Spring and Autumn period.
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Wu Daozi
Wu Daozi (680–), also known as Daoxuan, was a Chinese artist of the Tang Dynasty.
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Xuanxue
Xuanxue, Neo-Taoism, or Neo-Daoism was the focal school of thought in Chinese philosophy from the third to sixth century CE.
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Xun Kuang
Xun Kuang (c. 310c. 235 BC, alt. c. 314c. 217 BC), also widely known as Xunzi ("Master Xun"), was a Chinese Confucian philosopher who lived during the Warring States period and contributed to the Hundred Schools of Thought.
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Yan Hui
Yan Hui (–481 BC) was the favorite disciple of Confucius and one of the most revered figures of Confucianism.
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Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan (Yehe Yuan Ulus), was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.
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Zengzi
Zengzi (505–435 BC), born Zeng Shen, courtesy name Ziyu, was an influential Chinese philosopher and disciple of Confucius.
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Zheng (state)
Zheng (Old Chinese: *) was a vassal state in China during the Zhou Dynasty (1046–221 BCE) located in the centre of ancient China in modern-day Henan Province on the North China Plain about east of the royal capital at Luoyang.
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Zhou dynasty
The Zhou dynasty or the Zhou Kingdom was a Chinese dynasty that followed the Shang dynasty and preceded the Qin dynasty.
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Zhu Xi
Zhu Xi (October 18, 1130 – April 23, 1200), also known by his courtesy name Yuanhui (or Zhonghui), and self-titled Hui'an, was a Chinese philosopher, politician, and writer of the Song dynasty.
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Zisi
Zisi (c. 481–402 BCE), born Kong Ji (孔伋), was a Chinese philosopher and the grandson of Confucius.
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Zuo zhuan
The Zuo zhuan, generally translated The Zuo Tradition or The Commentary of Zuo, is an ancient Chinese narrative history that is traditionally regarded as a commentary on the ancient Chinese chronicle ''Spring and Autumn Annals'' (''Chunqiu'' 春秋).
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1351
Year 1351 (MCCCLI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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Redirects here:
Baochengxun Ni, Chung-ni, Confucian Philosophy, Confucious, Confucius (Kong Fuzi), Confucius (kong fuzi), Confucus, Confushis, Confusios, Confusious, Confusius, Confusus, Gongfuzi, K'Ung Fu Tzu, K'ung Ch'iu, K'ung Fu-Tzu, K'ung Fu-tse, K'ung Fu-tze, K'ung Fu-tzu, K'ung Tzu, K'ung fu-tze, K'ung fu-tzu, K'ung-Tzu, K'ung-fu-tzu, Kong Fu Tze, Kong Fuzi, Kong Qiu, Kong Tze, Kong Zi, Kong qiu, Kong-Fu-Tze, Kong-Tze, Kongfuzi, Kongzi, Kung /chi'u, Kung Chiu, Kung Fu Tzu, Kung Fu-Tzu, Kung Fu-tse, Kung Fu-tzu, Kung Futze, Kung fu tze, Kung-Fu-Tse, Kung-tzu, Kungfuchu, Kungfutzu, Kungfuzi, Kungtzu, Kúng Fu-tse, Kǒng Fūzǐ, Kǒng zǐ, Kǒngzi, Lord Baochengxun Ni, Venerated Master Kong, Zhongni, Zhòngní, 丘, 仲尼, 孔夫子, 孔子.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucius
