Table of Contents
114 relations: Adyghe language, Airstream mechanism, Allophone, Alphabet, Alveolar consonant, Ancient Greek, Approximant, Arabic, Articulatory phonetics, Aspirated consonant, Australian Aboriginal languages, B, Bilabial consonant, Bougainville Island, C, Calque, China, Circassian languages, Click consonant, Co-articulated consonant, Consonant cluster, Continuant, Czech language, D, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Digraph (orthography), Dionysius Thrax, Diphthong, Distinctive feature, Egressive sound, Ejective consonant, English alphabet, English orthography, Estonian language, F, Fortis and lenis, Fricative, G, Gemination, H, Hawaiian language, Ijaw languages, Implosive consonant, International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA consonant chart with audio, J, K, Kabardian language, L, Latin, ... Expand index (64 more) »
- Consonants
Adyghe language
Adyghe (or; also known as West Circassian) is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken by the western subgroups of Circassians.
See Consonant and Adyghe language
Airstream mechanism
In phonetics, the airstream mechanism is the method by which airflow is created in the vocal tract.
See Consonant and Airstream mechanism
Allophone
In phonology, an allophone (from the Greek ἄλλος,, 'other' and φωνή,, 'voice, sound') is one of multiple possible spoken soundsor phonesused to pronounce a single phoneme in a particular language.
Alphabet
An alphabet is a standard set of letters written to represent particular sounds in a spoken language.
Alveolar consonant
Alveolar (UK also) consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the upper teeth.
See Consonant and Alveolar consonant
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
See Consonant and Ancient Greek
Approximant
Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough nor with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.
Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
Articulatory phonetics
The field of articulatory phonetics is a subfield of phonetics that studies articulation and ways that humans produce speech.
See Consonant and Articulatory phonetics
Aspirated consonant
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents.
See Consonant and Aspirated consonant
Australian Aboriginal languages
The Indigenous languages of Australia number in the hundreds, the precise number being quite uncertain, although there is a range of estimates from a minimum of around 250 (using the technical definition of 'language' as non-mutually intelligible varieties) up to possibly 363.
See Consonant and Australian Aboriginal languages
B
B, or b, is the second letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and B
Bilabial consonant
In phonetics, a bilabial consonant is a labial consonant articulated with both lips.
See Consonant and Bilabial consonant
Bougainville Island
Bougainville Island (Tok Pisin: Bogenvil) is the main island of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, which is part of Papua New Guinea.
See Consonant and Bougainville Island
C
C, or c, is the third letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and C
Calque
In linguistics, a calque or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal word-for-word or root-for-root translation.
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.
Circassian languages
Circassian, also known as Cherkess, is a subdivision of the Northwest Caucasian language family, spoken by the Circassian people.
See Consonant and Circassian languages
Click consonant
Click consonants, or clicks, are speech sounds that occur as consonants in many languages of Southern Africa and in three languages of East Africa.
See Consonant and Click consonant
Co-articulated consonant
Co-articulated consonants or complex consonants are consonants produced with two simultaneous places of articulation.
See Consonant and Co-articulated consonant
Consonant cluster
In linguistics, a consonant cluster, consonant sequence or consonant compound, is a group of consonants which have no intervening vowel.
See Consonant and Consonant cluster
Continuant
In phonetics, a continuant is a speech sound produced without a complete closure in the oral cavity.
Czech language
Czech (čeština), historically also known as Bohemian (lingua Bohemica), is a West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group, written in Latin script.
See Consonant and Czech language
D
D, or d, is the fourth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and D
Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), also known as the DR Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, Congo-Zaire, or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country in Central Africa.
See Consonant and Democratic Republic of the Congo
Digraph (orthography)
A digraph or digram is a pair of characters used in the orthography of a language to write either a single phoneme (distinct sound), or a sequence of phonemes that does not correspond to the normal values of the two characters combined.
See Consonant and Digraph (orthography)
Dionysius Thrax
Dionysius Thrax (Διονύσιος ὁ Θρᾷξ Dionýsios ho Thrâix, 170–90 BC) was a Greek grammarian and a pupil of Aristarchus of Samothrace.
See Consonant and Dionysius Thrax
Diphthong
A diphthong, also known as a gliding vowel or a vowel glide, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable.
Distinctive feature
In linguistics, a distinctive feature is the most basic unit of phonological structure that distinguishes one sound from another within a language.
See Consonant and Distinctive feature
Egressive sound
In human speech, egressive sounds are sounds in which the air stream is created by pushing air out through the mouth or nose.
See Consonant and Egressive sound
Ejective consonant
In phonetics, ejective consonants are usually voiceless consonants that are pronounced with a glottalic egressive airstream.
See Consonant and Ejective consonant
English alphabet
Modern English is written with a Latin-script alphabet consisting of 26 letters, with each having both uppercase and lowercase forms.
See Consonant and English alphabet
English orthography
English orthography is the writing system used to represent spoken English, allowing readers to connect the graphemes to sound and to meaning.
See Consonant and English orthography
Estonian language
Estonian (eesti keel) is a Finnic language of the Uralic family.
See Consonant and Estonian language
F
F, or f, is the sixth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and F
Fortis and lenis
In linguistics, fortis and lenis (and; Latin for "strong" and "weak"), sometimes identified with 'tense' and 'lax', are pronunciations of consonants with relatively greater and lesser energy, respectively.
See Consonant and Fortis and lenis
Fricative
A fricative is a consonant produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.
G
G, or g, is the seventh letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages, and others worldwide.
See Consonant and G
Gemination
In phonetics and phonology, gemination (from Latin 'doubling', itself from gemini 'twins'), or consonant lengthening, is an articulation of a consonant for a longer period of time than that of a singleton consonant. Consonant and gemination are consonants.
H
H, or h, is the eighth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, including the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and H
Hawaiian language
Hawaiian (Ōlelo Hawaii) is a Polynesian language and critically endangered language of the Austronesian language family that takes its name from Hawaiokinai, the largest island in the tropical North Pacific archipelago where it developed.
See Consonant and Hawaiian language
Ijaw languages
The Izon languages, otherwise known as the Ịjọ languages, are the languages spoken by the Izon people in southern Nigeria.
See Consonant and Ijaw languages
Implosive consonant
Implosive consonants are a group of stop consonants (and possibly also some affricates) with a mixed glottalic ingressive and pulmonic egressive airstream mechanism.
See Consonant and Implosive consonant
International Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script.
See Consonant and International Phonetic Alphabet
IPA consonant chart with audio
The International Phonetic Alphabet, or IPA, is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet.
See Consonant and IPA consonant chart with audio
J
J, or j, is the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and J
K
K, or k, is the eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and K
Kabardian language
Kabardian, also known as, is a Northwest Caucasian language, that is considered to be the east dialect of Adyghe language.
See Consonant and Kabardian language
L
L, or l, is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and L
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
Letter (alphabet)
In a writing system, a letter is a grapheme that generally corresponds to a phoneme—the smallest functional unit of speech—though there is rarely total one-to-one correspondence between the two.
See Consonant and Letter (alphabet)
Linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of language.
Lip
The lips are a horizontal pair of soft appendages attached to the jaws and are the most visible part of the mouth of many animals, including humans.
Liquid consonant
In linguistics, a liquid consonant or simply liquid is any of a class of consonants that consists of rhotics and voiced lateral approximants, which are also sometimes described as "R-like sounds" and "L-like sounds".
See Consonant and Liquid consonant
List of consonants
This is a list of all the consonants which have a dedicated letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet, plus some of the consonants which require diacritics, ordered by place and manner of articulation. Consonant and list of consonants are consonants.
See Consonant and List of consonants
M
M, or m, is the thirteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and M
Makah language
The Makah language is the indigenous language spoken by the Makah.
See Consonant and Makah language
Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin is a group of Chinese language dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China.
See Consonant and Mandarin Chinese
Manner of articulation
In articulatory phonetics, the manner of articulation is the configuration and interaction of the articulators (speech organs such as the tongue, lips, and palate) when making a speech sound.
See Consonant and Manner of articulation
Miyakoan language
The Miyakoan language (宮古口/ミャークフツ Myākufutsu/Myākufutsї or 島口/スマフツ Sumafutsu/Sїmafutsї, Miyako-go) is a diverse dialect cluster spoken in the Miyako Islands, located southwest of Okinawa.
See Consonant and Miyakoan language
Mohawk language
Mohawk (Kanienʼkéha, " of the Flint Place") is an Iroquoian language currently spoken by around 3,500 people of the Mohawk nation, located primarily in current or former Haudenosaunee territories, predominately Canada (southern Ontario and Quebec), and to a lesser extent in the United States (western and northern New York).
See Consonant and Mohawk language
N
N, or n, is the fourteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages, and others worldwide.
See Consonant and N
Nasal consonant
In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive or nasal stop in contrast with an oral stop or nasalized consonant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.
See Consonant and Nasal consonant
Nǁng language
Nǁng or Nǁŋǃke, commonly known by the name of its only spoken dialect Nǀuu (Nǀhuki), is a moribund Tuu (Khoisan) language once spoken in South Africa.
See Consonant and Nǁng language
Northwest Caucasian languages
The Northwest Caucasian languages, also called West Caucasian, Abkhazo-Adyghean, Abkhazo-Circassian, Circassic, or sometimes Pontic languages, is a family of languages spoken in the northwestern Caucasus region,Hoiberg, Dale H. (2010) chiefly in three Russian republics (Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay–Cherkessia), the disputed territory of Abkhazia, Georgia, and Turkey, with smaller communities scattered throughout the Middle East.
See Consonant and Northwest Caucasian languages
Nuxalk language
Nuxalk, also known as Bella Coola, is a Salishan language spoken by the Nuxalk people.
See Consonant and Nuxalk language
Oklahoma
Oklahoma (Choctaw: Oklahumma) is a state in the South Central region of the United States.
P
P, or p, is the sixteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and P
Pacific Northwest
The Pacific Northwest (PNW), sometimes referred to as Cascadia, is a geographic region in Western North America bounded by its coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean to the west and, loosely, by the Rocky Mountains to the east.
See Consonant and Pacific Northwest
Palatalization (phonetics)
In phonetics, palatalization or palatization is a way of pronouncing a consonant in which part of the tongue is moved close to the hard palate.
See Consonant and Palatalization (phonetics)
Pharyngealization
Pharyngealization is a secondary articulation of consonants or vowels by which the pharynx or epiglottis is constricted during the articulation of the sound.
See Consonant and Pharyngealization
Phonation
The term phonation has slightly different meanings depending on the subfield of phonetics.
Phone (phonetics)
In phonetics (a branch of linguistics), a phone is any distinct speech sound or gesture, regardless of whether the exact sound is critical to the meanings of words.
See Consonant and Phone (phonetics)
Phoneme
In linguistics and specifically phonology, a phoneme is any set of similar phones (speech sounds) that is perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single distinct unit, a single basic sound, which helps distinguish one word from another.
Phonology
Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phones or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs.
Pinyin
Hanyu Pinyin, or simply pinyin, is the most common romanization system for Standard Chinese.
Place of articulation
In articulatory phonetics, the place of articulation (also point of articulation) of a consonant is a location along the vocal tract where its production occurs.
See Consonant and Place of articulation
Plosive
In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.
Puget Sound
Puget Sound is a sound on the northwestern coast of the U.S. state of Washington.
Pulmonic consonant
A pulmonic consonant is a consonant produced by air pressure from the lungs, as opposed to ejective, implosive and click consonants.
See Consonant and Pulmonic consonant
Pulmonic-contour click
Pulmonic-contour clicks, also called sequential linguo-pulmonic consonants, are consonants that transition from a click to an ordinary pulmonic sound, or more precisely, have an audible delay between the front and rear release of the click.
See Consonant and Pulmonic-contour click
Q
Q, or q, is the seventeenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and Q
R
R, or r, is the eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and R
Rhoticity in English
The distinction between rhoticity and non-rhoticity is one of the most prominent ways in which varieties of the English language are classified.
See Consonant and Rhoticity in English
Rotokas language
Rotokas is a North Bougainville language spoken by about 4,320 people on the island of Bougainville, an island located to the east of New Guinea, which is part of Papua New Guinea.
See Consonant and Rotokas language
S
S, or s, is the nineteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and S
Saanich dialect
Saanich (also Sənčáθən, written as SENĆOŦEN in Saanich orthography and pronounced) is the language of the First Nations Saanich people in the Pacific Northwest region of northwestern North America.
See Consonant and Saanich dialect
Sahara
The Sahara is a desert spanning across North Africa.
Salishan languages
The Salishan (also Salish) languages are a family of languages of the Pacific Northwest in North America (the Canadian province of British Columbia and the American states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho and Montana).
See Consonant and Salishan languages
Samoan language
Samoan (Gagana faa Sāmoa or Gagana Sāmoa) is a Polynesian language spoken by Samoans of the Samoan Islands.
See Consonant and Samoan language
Sámi languages
Sámi languages, in English also rendered as Sami and Saami, are a group of Uralic languages spoken by the Indigenous Sámi people in Northern Europe (in parts of northern Finland, Norway, Sweden, and extreme northwestern Russia).
See Consonant and Sámi languages
Semivowel
In phonetics and phonology, a semivowel, glide or semiconsonant is a sound that is phonetically similar to a vowel sound but functions as the syllable boundary, rather than as the nucleus of a syllable.
Slavic languages
The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavic peoples and their descendants.
See Consonant and Slavic languages
Syllable
A syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds, typically made up of a syllable nucleus (most often a vowel) with optional initial and final margins (typically, consonants).
Symbol
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship.
T
T, or t, is the twentieth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and T
Taa language
Taa, also known as ǃXóõ (also spelled ǃKhong and ǃXoon),The Taa pronunciation of "ǃXóõ" can be heard in, repeated from 0′16″ to 0′24″.
See Consonant and Taa language
Tahitian language
Tahitian (Tahitian: Reo Tahiti, part of Reo Māohi, languages of French Polynesia)Reo Māohi correspond to "languages of natives from French Polynesia", and may in principle designate any of the seven indigenous languages spoken in French Polynesia.
See Consonant and Tahitian language
Tongue
The tongue is a muscular organ in the mouth of a typical tetrapod.
Ubykh language
Ubykh is an extinct Northwest Caucasian language once spoken by the Ubykh people, a subgroup of Circassians who originally inhabited the eastern coast of the Black Sea before being deported en masse to the Ottoman Empire in the Circassian genocide.
See Consonant and Ubykh language
V
V, or v, is the twenty-second letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and V
Velar consonant
Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate, the back part of the roof of the mouth (also known as the "velum").
See Consonant and Velar consonant
Vocal cords
In humans, the vocal cords, also known as vocal folds, are folds of throat tissues that are key in creating sounds through vocalization.
Vocal tract
The vocal tract is the cavity in human bodies and in animals where the sound produced at the sound source (larynx in mammals; syrinx in birds) is filtered.
Voice (phonetics)
Voice or voicing is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds (usually consonants).
See Consonant and Voice (phonetics)
Voice onset time
In phonetics, voice onset time (VOT) is a feature of the production of stop consonants.
See Consonant and Voice onset time
Voicelessness
In linguistics, voicelessness is the property of sounds being pronounced without the larynx vibrating.
See Consonant and Voicelessness
Vowel
A vowel is a syllabic speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract.
W
W, or w, is the twenty-third letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and W
Wichita language
Wichita is an extinct Caddoan language once spoken in Oklahoma by the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes.
See Consonant and Wichita language
X
X, or x, is the twenty-fourth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and X
Xavante language
The Xavante language is an Akuwẽ (Central Jê) language (Jê, Macro-Jê) spoken by the Xavante people in the area surrounding Eastern Mato Grosso, Brazil.
See Consonant and Xavante language
Y
Y, or y, is the twenty-fifth and penultimate letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See Consonant and Y
Z
Z, or z, is the twenty-sixth and last letter of the Latin alphabet.
See Consonant and Z
See also
Consonants
- Conjunct consonant
- Consonant
- Depressor consonant
- Geers' law
- Gemination
- Guttural R
- Hard and soft C
- Hard and soft G
- Hard and soft G in Dutch
- Homorganic consonant
- Labial approximant
- Lateral release (phonetics)
- List of consonants
- Nasal release
- Sun and moon letters
- Syllabic consonant
References
Also known as Bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxz, Consonant diagram, Consonant sound, Consonantal, Consonants, Consonat, Consonent, Consonne, Constanant, Contoid, Konsonant, Most common consonants.