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Dictionary attack

Index Dictionary attack

In cryptanalysis and computer security, a dictionary attack is a technique for defeating a cipher or authentication mechanism by trying to determine its decryption key or passphrase by trying hundreds or sometimes millions of likely possibilities, such as words in a dictionary. [1]

26 relations: Aircrack-ng, Brute-force attack, Cain and Abel (software), Cipher, Computer security, Crack (password software), Cryptanalysis, Cryptographic hash function, Email address harvesting, John the Ripper, Key derivation function, Key space (cryptography), Key stretching, L0phtCrack, LAN Manager, Metasploit Project, Ophcrack, Passphrase, Password, Password cracking, Password strength, Precomputation, Rainbow table, Salt (cryptography), Space–time tradeoff, Unique key.

Aircrack-ng

Aircrack-ng is a network software suite consisting of a detector, packet sniffer, WEP and WPA/WPA2-PSK cracker and analysis tool for 802.11 wireless LANs.

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Brute-force attack

In cryptography, a brute-force attack consists of an attacker trying many passwords or passphrases with the hope of eventually guessing correctly.

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Cain and Abel (software)

Cain and Abel (often abbreviated to Cain) is a password recovery tool for Microsoft Windows.

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Cipher

In cryptography, a cipher (or cypher) is an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption—a series of well-defined steps that can be followed as a procedure.

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Computer security

Cybersecurity, computer security or IT security is the protection of computer systems from theft of or damage to their hardware, software or electronic data, as well as from disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.

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Crack (password software)

Crack is a Unix password cracking program designed to allow system administrators to locate users who may have weak passwords vulnerable to a dictionary attack.

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Cryptanalysis

Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, "hidden", and analýein, "to loosen" or "to untie") is the study of analyzing information systems in order to study the hidden aspects of the systems.

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Cryptographic hash function

A cryptographic hash function is a special class of hash function that has certain properties which make it suitable for use in cryptography.

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Email address harvesting

Email harvesting is the process of obtaining lists of email addresses using various methods.

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John the Ripper

John the Ripper is a free password cracking software tool.

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Key derivation function

In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key, a password, or a passphrase using a pseudorandom function.

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Key space (cryptography)

In cryptography, an algorithm's key space refers to the set of all possible permutations of a key.

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Key stretching

In cryptography, key stretching techniques are used to make a possibly weak key, typically a password or passphrase, more secure against a brute-force attack by increasing the time it takes to test each possible key.

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L0phtCrack

L0phtCrack is a login & password auditer and recovery application originally produced by Mudge from L0pht Heavy Industries.

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LAN Manager

LAN Manager was a Network operating system (NOS) available from multiple vendors and developed by Microsoft in cooperation with 3Com Corporation.

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Metasploit Project

The Metasploit Project is a computer security project that provides information about security vulnerabilities and aids in penetration testing and IDS signature development.

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Ophcrack

Ophcrack is a free open source (GPL licensed) program that cracks Windows log-in passwords by using LM hashes through rainbow tables.

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Passphrase

A passphrase is a sequence of words or other text used to control access to a computer system, program or data.

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Password

A password is a word or string of characters used for user authentication to prove identity or access approval to gain access to a resource (example: an access code is a type of password), which is to be kept secret from those not allowed access.

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Password cracking

In cryptanalysis and computer security, password cracking is the process of recovering passwords from data that have been stored in or transmitted by a computer system.

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Password strength

Password strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password against guessing or brute-force attacks.

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Precomputation

In algorithms, precomputation is the act of performing an initial computation before run time to generate a lookup table that can be used by an algorithm to avoid repeated computation each time it is executed.

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Rainbow table

A rainbow table is a precomputed table for reversing cryptographic hash functions, usually for cracking password hashes.

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Salt (cryptography)

In cryptography, a salt is random data that is used as an additional input to a one-way function that "hashes" data, a password or passphrase.

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Space–time tradeoff

A space–time or time–memory trade-off in computer science is a case where an algorithm or program trades increased space usage with decreased time.

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Unique key

In database relational modeling and implementation, a unique key (also known as a candidate key) of a relation is a minimal superkey for that relation; that is, a set of attributes such that.

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Dictionary attacks, Password dictionary, Pre-computed dictionary attack, Word lists.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_attack

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