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Distributed generation

Index Distributed generation

Distributed generation, also distributed energy, on-site generation (OSG) or district/decentralized energy is electrical generation and storage performed by a variety of small, grid-connected devices referred to as distributed energy resources (DER). [1]

140 relations: Absorption refrigerator, Air conditioning, Alternative energy, Associated petroleum gas, Autonomous building, Biogas, Biomass, Bloom Energy Server, Building-integrated photovoltaics, Capacity factor, Capital cost, Chiller, Coal, Coal mining, Coalbed methane, Cogeneration, Combined cycle, Compressed air energy storage, Cost of electricity by source, Crystalline silicon, Demand response, Diesel generator, Dispatchable generation, Distributed generation, District heating, Duck curve, Economies of scale, Efficient energy use, Electric battery, Electric car, Electric power distribution, Electric power quality, Electric power transmission, Electric vehicle, Electric vehicle network, Electrical grid, Electricity generation, Electricity market, Electricity retailing, Embedded system, Energy demand management, Energy development, Energy harvesting, Energy storage, Energy Storage as a Service (ESaaS), Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Feed-in tariff, Flow battery, Flywheel, Flywheel energy storage, ..., Fuel cell, FuelCell Energy, Gas turbine, Geothermal gradient, Geothermal power, Gigafactory 1, Grid energy storage, Grid parity, Grid-tied electrical system, Growth of photovoltaics, High-voltage direct current, Hybrid power, Hybrid renewable energy system, Hydroelectricity, Hydrogen station, IEC 61850, IEEE 1547, Intelligent hybrid inverter, Islanding, Japan, Joule effect, Kinetic energy, Landfill gas, Lead–acid battery, Lithium-ion battery, Load management, Losses in electrical systems, Manufacturing Message Specification, Micro combined heat and power, Microgeneration, Microgrid, Microturbine, Molten carbonate fuel cell, Molten-salt battery, Natural gas, Net energy gain, Net metering, Nickel–cadmium battery, Nuclear power, Off-the-grid, Open Platform Communications, Overhead power line, Photovoltaic power station, Photovoltaic system, Photovoltaics, Power station, Power-to-gas, Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell, Pumped-storage hydroelectricity, Rankine cycle, Rechargeable battery, Reciprocating engine, Renewable energy, Renewable energy commercialization, Rooftop photovoltaic power station, Self-discharge, Service life, Small hydro, Smart grid, Smart meter, Sodium–sulfur battery, Solar cell, Solar cell efficiency, Solar hybrid power systems, Solar panel, Solar power, Solid oxide fuel cell, Stand-alone power system, Steam turbine, Stirling engine, Subsidy, Sustainable community energy system, Syngas, Tesla Powerwall, The New York Times, Thermal energy storage, Thin-film solar cell, Vanadium redox battery, Vehicle-to-grid, Virginia Tech, Virtual power plant, VRLA battery, Water, Watt, Wave power, Wind hybrid power systems, Wind power, Wind turbine, World Alliance for Decentralized Energy, 2012 India blackouts. Expand index (90 more) »

Absorption refrigerator

An absorption refrigerator is a refrigerator that uses a heat source (e.g., solar energy, a fossil-fueled flame, waste heat from factories, or district heating systems) to provide the energy needed to drive the cooling process.

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Air conditioning

Air conditioning (often referred to as AC, A/C, or air con) is the process of removing heat and moisture from the interior of an occupied space, to improve the comfort of occupants.

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Alternative energy

Alternative energy is any energy source that is an alternative to fossil fuel.

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Associated petroleum gas

Associated petroleum gas (APG), or associated gas, is a form of natural gas which is found with deposits of petroleum, either dissolved in the oil or as a free "gas cap" above the oil in the reservoir.

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Autonomous building

An autonomous building is a building designed to be operated independently from infrastructural support services such as the electric power grid, gas grid, municipal water systems, sewage treatment systems, storm drains, communication services, and in some cases, public roads.

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Biogas

Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.

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Biomass

Biomass is an industry term for getting energy by burning wood, and other organic matter.

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Bloom Energy Server

The Bloom Energy Server (the Bloom Box) is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power generator made by Bloom Energy, of Sunnyvale, California, that takes a variety of input fuels, including liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons produced from biological sources, to produce electricity at or near the site where it will be used.

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Building-integrated photovoltaics

Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) are photovoltaic materials that are used to replace conventional building materials in parts of the building envelope such as the roof, skylights, or facades.

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Capacity factor

The net capacity factor is the unitless ratio of an actual electrical energy output over a given period of time to the maximum possible electrical energy output over that period.

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Capital cost

Capital costs are fixed, one-time expenses incurred on the purchase of land, buildings, construction, and equipment used in the production of goods or in the rendering of services.

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Chiller

A chiller is a machine that removes heat from a liquid via a vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration cycle.

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Coal

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.

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Coal mining

Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground.

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Coalbed methane

Coalbed methane (CBM or coal-bed methane), coalbed gas, coal seam gas (CSG), or coal-mine methane (CMM) is a form of natural gas extracted from coal beds.

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Cogeneration

Cogeneration or combined heat and power (CHP) is the use of a heat engine or power station to generate electricity and useful heat at the same time.

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Combined cycle

In electric power generation a combined cycle is an assembly of heat engines that work in tandem from the same source of heat, converting it into mechanical energy, which in turn usually drives electrical generators.

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Compressed air energy storage

Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a way to store energy generated at one time for use at another time using compressed air.

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Cost of electricity by source

In electrical power generation, the distinct ways of generating electricity incur significantly different costs.

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Crystalline silicon

Crystalline silicon (c-Si) is the crystalline forms of silicon, either multicrystalline silicon (multi-Si) consisting of small crystals, or monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si), a continuous crystal.

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Demand response

Demand response is a change in the power consumption of an electric utility customer to better match the demand for power with the supply.

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Diesel generator

A diesel generator is the combination of a diesel engine with an electric generator (often an alternator) to generate electrical energy.

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Dispatchable generation

Dispatchable generation refers to sources of electricity that can be dispatched at the request of power grid operators or of the plant owner according to market needs.

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Distributed generation

Distributed generation, also distributed energy, on-site generation (OSG) or district/decentralized energy is electrical generation and storage performed by a variety of small, grid-connected devices referred to as distributed energy resources (DER).

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District heating

District heating (also known as heat networks or teleheating) is a system for distributing heat generated in a centralized location for residential and commercial heating requirements such as space heating and water heating.

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Duck curve

In commercial-scale electricity generation, the duck curve is a over the course of a day that shows the timing imbalance between peak demand and renewable energy production.

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Economies of scale

In microeconomics, economies of scale are the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation (typically measured by amount of output produced), with cost per unit of output decreasing with increasing scale.

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Efficient energy use

Efficient energy use, sometimes simply called energy efficiency, is the goal to reduce the amount of energy required to provide products and services.

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Electric battery

An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones, and electric cars.

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Electric car

An electric car is a plug-in electric automobile that is propelled by one or more electric motors, using energy typically stored in rechargeable batteries.

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Electric power distribution

Electric power distribution is the final stage in the delivery of electric power; it carries electricity from the transmission system to individual consumers.

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Electric power quality

Electric power quality, or simply power quality, involves voltage, frequency, and waveform.

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Electric power transmission

Electric power transmission is the bulk movement of electrical energy from a generating site, such as a power plant, to an electrical substation.

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Electric vehicle

An electric vehicle, also called an EV, uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion.

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Electric vehicle network

An electric vehicle network is an infrastructure system of publicly accessible charging stations and possibly battery swap stations to recharge electric vehicles.

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Electrical grid

An electrical grid is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from producers to consumers.

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Electricity generation

Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of primary energy.

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Electricity market

In economic terms, electricity (both power and energy) is a commodity capable of being bought, sold, and traded.

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Electricity retailing

Electricity retailing is the final sale of electricity from generation to the end-use consumer.

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Embedded system

An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints.

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Energy demand management

Energy demand management, also known as demand-side management (DSM) or demand-side response (DSR), is the modification of consumer demand for energy through various methods such as financial incentives and behavioral change through education.

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Energy development

Energy development is the field of activities focused on obtaining sources of energy from natural resources.

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Energy harvesting

Energy harvesting (also known as power harvesting or energy scavenging or ambient power) is the process by which energy is derived from external sources (e.g., solar power, thermal energy, wind energy, salinity gradients, and kinetic energy, also known as ambient energy), captured, and stored for small, wireless autonomous devices, like those used in wearable electronics and wireless sensor networks.

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Energy storage

Energy storage is the capture of energy produced at one time for use at a later time.

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Energy Storage as a Service (ESaaS)

Energy Storage as a Service (ESaaS) allows a facility to benefit from the advantages of an energy storage system by entering into a service agreement without purchasing the system.

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Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is the United States federal agency that regulates the transmission and wholesale sale of electricity and natural gas in interstate commerce and regulates the transportation of oil by pipeline in interstate commerce.

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Feed-in tariff

A feed-in tariff (FIT, FiT, standard offer contract, Couture, T., Cory, K., Kreycik, C., Williams, E., (2010). National Renewable Energy Laboratory, U.S. Dept. of Energy advanced renewable tariff, or renewable energy payments) is a policy mechanism designed to accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies.

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Flow battery

A flow battery, or redox flow battery (after reduction–oxidation), is a type of electrochemical cell where chemical energy is provided by two chemical components dissolved in liquids contained within the system and separated by a membrane.

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Flywheel

A flywheel is a mechanical device specifically designed to efficiently store rotational energy.

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Flywheel energy storage

Flywheel energy storage (FES) works by accelerating a rotor (flywheel) to a very high speed and maintaining the energy in the system as rotational energy.

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Fuel cell

A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen fuel with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.

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FuelCell Energy

Fuel Cell Energy, Inc. is a global fuel cell power company.

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Gas turbine

A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of continuous combustion, internal combustion engine.

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Geothermal gradient

Geothermal gradient is the rate of increasing temperature with respect to increasing depth in the Earth's interior.

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Geothermal power

Geothermal power is power generated by geothermal energy.

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Gigafactory 1

The Tesla Gigafactory 1 is a lithium-ion battery factory under construction, primarily for Tesla, Inc., at the Tahoe Reno Industrial Center (TRIC) in Storey County (near the community of Clark, Nevada, United States).

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Grid energy storage

Grid energy storage (also called large-scale energy storage) is a collection of methods used to store electrical energy on a large scale within an electrical power grid.

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Grid parity

Grid parity (or socket parity) occurs when an alternative energy source can generate power at a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) that is less than or equal to the price of purchasing power from the electricity grid.

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Grid-tied electrical system

A grid-tied electrical system, also called tied to grid or grid tie system, is a semi-autonomous electrical generation or grid energy storage system which links to the mains to feed excess capacity back to the local mains electrical grid.

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Growth of photovoltaics

Worldwide growth of photovoltaics has been an exponential curve between 1992–2017.

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High-voltage direct current

A high-voltage, direct current (HVDC) electric power transmission system (also called a power superhighway or an electrical superhighway) uses direct current for the bulk transmission of electrical power, in contrast with the more common alternating current (AC) systems.

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Hybrid power

Hybrid power are combinations between different technologies to produce power.

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Hybrid renewable energy system

Hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) are becoming popular as stand-alone power systems for providing electricity in remote areas due to advances in renewable energy technologies and subsequent rise in prices of petroleum products.

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Hydroelectricity

Hydroelectricity is electricity produced from hydropower.

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Hydrogen station

A hydrogen station is a storage or filling station for hydrogen, usually located along a road or hydrogen highway, or at home as part of the distributed generation resources concept.

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IEC 61850

IEC 61850 is an international standard defining communication protocols for intelligent electronic devices at electrical substations.

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IEEE 1547

IEEE 1547 (Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems) is a standard of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers meant to provide a set of criteria and requirements for the interconnection of distributed generation resources into the power grid.

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Intelligent hybrid inverter

An intelligent hybrid inverter or smart grid inverter is a trending generation of inverter for solar applications using renewable energy for home consumption, especially for solar photovoltaic installations.

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Islanding

Islanding is the condition in which a distributed generator (DG) continues to power a location even though electrical grid power is no longer present.

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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Joule effect

Joule effect and Joule's law are any of several different physical effects discovered or characterized by English physicist James Prescott Joule.

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Kinetic energy

In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion.

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Landfill gas

Landfill gas is a complex mix of different gases created by the action of microorganisms within a landfill.

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Lead–acid battery

The lead–acid battery was invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté and is the oldest type of rechargeable battery.

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Lithium-ion battery

A lithium-ion battery or Li-ion battery (abbreviated as LIB) is a type of rechargeable battery in which lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge and back when charging.

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Load management

Load management, also known as demand side management (DSM), is the process of balancing the supply of electricity on the network with the electrical load by adjusting or controlling the load rather than the power station output.

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Losses in electrical systems

In an electrical or electronic circuit or power system, losses can be classified into two categories: technical and non-technical losses.

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Manufacturing Message Specification

Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) is an international standard (ISO 9506) dealing with messaging systems for transferring real time process data and supervisory control information between networked devices or computer applications.

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Micro combined heat and power

Micro combined heat and power or micro-CHP or mCHP is an extension of the idea of cogeneration to the single/multi family home or small office building in the range of up to 50 kW.

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Microgeneration

Microgeneration is the small-scale generation of heat and electric power by individuals, small businesses and communities to meet their own needs, as alternatives or supplements to traditional centralized grid-connected power.

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Microgrid

Microgrid is a localized group of electricity sources and loads that normally operates connected to and synchronous with the traditional wide area synchronous grid (macrogrid), but can also disconnect to "island mode" — and function autonomously as physical and/or economic conditions dictate.

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Microturbine

Microturbines are 25 to 500 kilowatt gas turbines evolved from piston engine turbochargers, aircraft APUs or small jet engines, the size of a refrigerator.

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Molten carbonate fuel cell

Molten-carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) are high-temperature fuel cells that operate at temperatures of 600 °C and above.

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Molten-salt battery

Molten-salt batteries (including liquid-metal batteries) are a class of battery that uses molten salts as an electrolyte and offers both a high energy density and a high power density.

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Natural gas

Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes, and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, or helium.

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Net energy gain

Net Energy Gain (NEG) is a concept used in energy economics that refers to the difference between the energy expended to harvest an energy source and the amount of energy gained from that harvest.

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Net metering

Net metering (or net energy metering, NEM) allows consumers who generate some or all of their own electricity to use that electricity anytime, instead of when it is generated.

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Nickel–cadmium battery

The nickel–cadmium battery (NiCd battery or NiCad battery) is a type of rechargeable battery using nickel oxide hydroxide and metallic cadmium as electrodes.

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Nuclear power

Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.

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Off-the-grid

Off-the-grid is a system and lifestyle designed to help people function without the support of remote infrastructure, such as an electrical grid.

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Open Platform Communications

Open Platform Communications (OPC) is a series of standards and specifications for industrial telecommunication.

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Overhead power line

An overhead power line is a structure used in electric power transmission and distribution to transmit electrical energy along large distances.

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Photovoltaic power station

A photovoltaic power station, also known as a solar park, is a large-scale photovoltaic system (PV system) designed for the supply of merchant power into the electricity grid.

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Photovoltaic system

A photovoltaic system, also PV system or solar power system, is a power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics.

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Photovoltaics

Photovoltaics (PV) is a term which covers the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics, photochemistry, and electrochemistry.

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Power station

A power station, also referred to as a power plant or powerhouse and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power.

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Power-to-gas

Power-to-gas (often abbreviated P2G) is a technology that converts electrical power to a gas fuel.

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Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells, also known as polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells (PEMFC), are a type of fuel cell being developed mainly for transport applications, as well as for stationary fuel-cell applications and portable fuel-cell applications.

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Pumped-storage hydroelectricity

Pumped-storage hydroelectricity (PSH), or pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHES), is a type of hydroelectric energy storage used by electric power systems for load balancing.

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Rankine cycle

The Rankine cycle is a model used to predict the performance of steam turbine systems.

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Rechargeable battery

A rechargeable battery, storage battery, secondary cell, or accumulator is a type of electrical battery which can be charged, discharged into a load, and recharged many times, as opposed to a disposable or primary battery, which is supplied fully charged and discarded after use.

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Reciprocating engine

A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine (although there are also pneumatic and hydraulic reciprocating engines) that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert pressure into a rotating motion.

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Renewable energy

Renewable energy is energy that is collected from renewable resources, which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat.

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Renewable energy commercialization

Renewable energy commercialization involves the deployment of three generations of renewable energy technologies dating back more than 100 years.

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Rooftop photovoltaic power station

A rooftop photovoltaic power station, or rooftop PV system, is a photovoltaic system that has its electricity-generating solar panels mounted on the rooftop of a residential or commercial building or structure.

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Self-discharge

Self-discharge is a phenomenon in batteries in which internal chemical reactions reduce the stored charge of the battery without any connection between the electrodes.

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Service life

A product's service life is its period of use in service.

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Small hydro

Small hydro is the development of hydroelectric power on a scale suitable for local community and industry, or to contribute to distributed generation in a regional electricity grid.

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Smart grid

A smart grid is an electrical grid which includes a variety of operational and energy measures including smart meters, smart appliances, renewable energy resources, and energy efficient resources.

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Smart meter

A smart meter is an electronic device that records consumption of electric energy and communicates the information to the electricity supplier for monitoring and billing.

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Sodium–sulfur battery

A sodium–sulfur battery is a type of molten-salt battery constructed from liquid sodium (Na) and sulfur (S).

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Solar cell

A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.

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Solar cell efficiency

Solar cell efficiency refers to the portion of energy in the form of sunlight that can be converted via photovoltaics into electricity.

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Solar hybrid power systems

Solar hybrid power systems are hybrid power systems that combine solar power from a photovoltaic system with another power generating energy source.

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Solar panel

Photovoltaic solar panels absorb sunlight as a source of energy to generate electricity.

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Solar power

Solar power is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), indirectly using concentrated solar power, or a combination.

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Solid oxide fuel cell

A solid oxide fuel cell (or SOFC) is an electrochemical conversion device that produces electricity directly from oxidizing a fuel.

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Stand-alone power system

A stand-alone power system (SAPS or SPS), also known as remote area power supply (RAPS), is an off-the-grid electricity system for locations that are not fitted with an electricity distribution system.

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Steam turbine

A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft.

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Stirling engine

A Stirling engine is a heat engine that operates by cyclic compression and expansion of air or other gas (the working fluid) at different temperatures, such that there is a net conversion of heat energy to mechanical work.

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Subsidy

A subsidy is a form of financial aid or support extended to an economic sector (or institution, business, or individual) generally with the aim of promoting economic and social policy.

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Sustainable community energy system

A sustainable community energy system is an integrated approach to supplying a local community with its energy requirements from renewable energy or high-efficiency co-generation energy sources.

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Syngas

Syngas, or synthesis gas, is a fuel gas mixture consisting primarily of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and very often some carbon dioxide.

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Tesla Powerwall

The Powerwall and Powerpack are rechargeable lithium-ion battery stationary energy storage products manufactured by Tesla, Inc. The Powerwall is intended to be used for home energy storage and stores electricity for solar self-consumption, time of use load shifting, backup power, and off-the-grid use.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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Thermal energy storage

Thermal energy storage (TES) is achieved with widely differing technologies.

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Thin-film solar cell

A thin-film solar cell is a second generation solar cell that is made by depositing one or more thin layers, or thin film (TF) of photovoltaic material on a substrate, such as glass, plastic or metal.

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Vanadium redox battery

The vanadium redox battery (VRB), also known as vanadium flow battery (VFB) or vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), is a type of rechargeable flow battery that employs vanadium ions in different oxidation states to store chemical potential energy.

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Vehicle-to-grid

Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) describes a system in which plug-in electric vehicles, such as battery electric vehicles (BEV), plug-in hybrids (PHEV) or hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), communicate with the power grid to sell demand response services by either returning electricity to the grid or by throttling their charging rate.

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Virginia Tech

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, commonly known as Virginia Tech, and traditionally known as VPI since 1896, is an American public, land-grant, research university with a main campus in Blacksburg, Virginia, educational facilities in six regions statewide, and a study-abroad site in Lugano, Switzerland.

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Virtual power plant

A virtual power plant (VPP) is a cloud-based distributed power plant that aggregates the capacities of heterogeneous Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) for the purposes of enhancing power generation, as well as trading or selling power on the open market.

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VRLA battery

A valve-regulated lead-acid battery (VRLA battery) sometimes called sealed lead-acid (SLA), gel cell, or maintenance free battery. Due to their construction, the gel and absorbent glass mat (AGM) types of VRLA can be mounted in any orientation, and do not require constant maintenance.

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Water

Water is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth's streams, lakes, and oceans, and the fluids of most living organisms.

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Watt

The watt (symbol: W) is a unit of power.

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Wave power

Wave power is the capture of energy of wind waves to do useful work – for example, electricity generation, water desalination, or pumping water.

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Wind hybrid power systems

Wind hybrid power systems combines wind turbines with other storage and/or generation sources.

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Wind power

Wind power is the use of air flow through wind turbines to mechanically power generators for electricity.

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Wind turbine

A wind turbine is a device that converts the wind's kinetic energy into electrical energy.

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World Alliance for Decentralized Energy

The World Alliance for Decentralized Energy (WADE) was founded in 1997 with the original name of the International Cogeneration Alliance.

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2012 India blackouts

Two severe power blackouts affected most of northern and eastern India on 30 and 31 July 2012.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_generation

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