Pervez Musharraf

Pervez Musharraf (پرویز مشرف; born 11 August 1943) is a Pakistani politician and a retired four-star army general who was the tenth President of Pakistan from 2001 until tendering resignation, to avoid impeachment, in 2008. ^[1]

356 relations: Abdul Aziz Mirza, Abdul Qadeer Khan, Abdul Rashid Ghazi, Abdul Sattar (diplomat), Abdul Waheed Kakar, Administrative units of Pakistan, Afghan Civil War (1992–1996), Afghan Civil War (1996–2001), Afghanistan, Air chief marshal, Air marshal, Air traffic control, Akbar Bugti, Ali Kuli Khan Khattak, Aligarh Muslim University, All Pakistan Muslim League, Alliance for Restoration of Democracy, American Jewish Congress, Amjad Farooqi, Anesthesiologist, Ankara, Anthony Zinni, Anti Terrorism Court of Pakistan, Anti-aircraft warfare, Anti-Indian sentiment, Antony Walker, Arrest warrant, Artillery brigade, Ashfaq Parvez Kayani, Ashok K. 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Abdul Aziz Mirza

Abdul Aziz Mirza (Urdu: عبدالعزيز مرزا; b. 1943),, is a Pakistani retired four-star rank admiral, diplomat, and a businessman who served as the Chief of Naval Staff from 1999 until retiring in 2002, amid taking over the command of the Navy after the revolt and resignation Admiral Fasih Bokhari over the appointment of Chairman joint chiefs. After retiring from the Navy, he briefly tenured as the Pakistan Ambassador to Saudi Arabia from 2001–2005 and later becoming the CEO of The Centaurus in Islamabad. During his military service in the Navy, Admiral Mirza is given credit for commissioning the country's first ingeniously and locally built long-range submarine, the Agosta 90B submarine in 1999.

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Abdul Qadeer Khan

Abdul Qadeer Khan, NI, HI, FPAS (ڈاکٹر عبد القدیر خان; born 1935 or 1936), known as A. Q. Khan, is a Pakistani former nuclear physicist and a metallurgical engineer, who founded the uranium enrichment program for Pakistan's atomic bomb project.

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Abdul Rashid Ghazi

Abdul Rashid (عبدالرشيد; ca. 1964 – July 10, 2007) was an Islamist Pakistani fundamentalist; son of Muhammad Abdullah, and younger brother of Abdul Aziz.

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Abdul Sattar (diplomat)

Abdul Sattar (born 1931) (عبد الستار), is a Pakistani political scientist, retired career foreign service officer, diplomat, author of foreign policy, and nuclear strategist.

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Abdul Waheed Kakar

General Abdul Waheed Kakar (عبدالوحید کاکڑ; b. 23 March 1937),, is a retired four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army who served as the Chief of Army Staff, appointed on 12 January 1993 until retiring on 12 January 1996. His appointment came in response to the sudden death of tenuring army chief, General Asif Nawaz, and notably superseded five senior high ranking army generals with more years of seniority.Maleeha Lodhi. Pakistan's encounter with democracy (Vanguard, 1994). General Kakar oversaw the national general elections, after he secured the resignations of President Ghulam Ishaq Khan and Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif to resolve the Constitutional crisis in 1993.

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Administrative units of Pakistan

The administrative units of Pakistan (انتظامی اکائیاں) consist of five provinces (Balochistan, Gilgit-Baltistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and Sindh), one autonomous territory (Azad Jammu and Kashmir) and one federal territory (Islamabad Capital Territory).

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Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)

This article covers the Afghan history between 28 April 1992, the day that a new interim Afghan government was supposed to replace the Republic of Afghanistan of President Mohammad Najibullah, and the Taliban's conquest of Kabul establishing the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan on 27 September 1996.

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Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)

This article covers the Afghan history between the Taliban's conquest of Kabul and their establishing of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan on 27 September 1996, and the U.S. and U.K. invasion of Afghanistan on 7 October 2001: a period that was part of the Afghan civil war that had started in 1989, and also part of the war (in wider sense) in Afghanistan that had started in 1978.

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Afghanistan

Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.

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Air chief marshal

Air chief marshal (Air Chf Mshl or ACM) is a four-star air officer rank which originated in and continues to be used by the Royal Air Force, where it is the most senior peacetime air force rank.

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Air marshal

Air Marshal (Air Mshl or AM) is a three-star air-officer rank which originated in and continues to be used by the Royal Air Force.

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Air traffic control

Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based air traffic controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through controlled airspace, and can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace.

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Akbar Bugti

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Ali Kuli Khan Khattak

Ali Kuli Khan Khattak (Urdu: على قلى خان; HI(M), is a retired Pakistani three-star rank general officer and former field commander of X Corps. Prior to this field assignment, he was the chief of general staff and also directed the directorate-general of the Military Intelligence (DGMI) during his career. Khattak was also an instructor in the National Defence University (NDU) before being elevated to the senior staff appointments. He has been credited for foresight in predicting the dangers of terrorism and the public appraised reputation when thwarting the conspiracy hatched by infiltrated rogue officers against the government of Prime minister Benazir Bhutto. He opposed the Kargil War and was notably superseded by the former Prime minister Nawaz Sharif after approving the appointment of Khattak's course-mate, General Pervez Musharraf to four-star rank and chief of army staff.

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Aligarh Muslim University

Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) is an Indian public central university.

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All Pakistan Muslim League

All Pakistan Muslim League or APML.

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Alliance for Restoration of Democracy

The Alliance for the Restoration of Democracy (ARD) was an alliance of the two then largest political parties in Pakistan - the Pakistan People’s Party and the Pakistan Muslim League (N) formed on 3 December 2000.

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American Jewish Congress

The American Jewish Congress is as an association of Jewish Americans organized to defend Jewish interests at home and abroad through public policy advocacy, using diplomacy, legislation, and the courts.

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Amjad Farooqi

Amjad Farooqi (1972 – September 26, 2004) (Urdu: امجد فاروقی), known by the alias Amjad Hussain (Urdu: امجد حسین), was an Islamic militant.

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Anesthesiologist

An anesthesiologist is a physician trained in anesthesia and perioperative medicine.

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Ankara

Ankara (English; Turkish Ottoman Turkish Engürü), formerly known as Ancyra (Ἄγκυρα, Ankyra, "anchor") and Angora, is the capital of the Republic of Turkey.

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Anthony Zinni

Anthony Charles Zinni (born September 17, 1943) is a former United States Marine Corps general and a former Commander in Chief of the United States Central Command (CENTCOM).

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Anti Terrorism Court of Pakistan

The Anti Terrorism Court (عدالت انسداد دہشتگردی, ATC) was established in Pakistan, under Nawaz Sharif's government, to deal with terrorism cases.

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Anti-aircraft warfare

Anti-aircraft warfare or counter-air defence is defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action."AAP-6 They include ground-and air-based weapon systems, associated sensor systems, command and control arrangements and passive measures (e.g. barrage balloons).

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Anti-Indian sentiment

Anti-Indian sentiment or Indophobia refers to negative feelings and hatred towards India, Indians, and Indian culture.

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Antony Walker

General Sir Antony Kenneth Frederick Walker (born 16 May 1934) is a former British Army officer who became Commandant of the Royal College of Defence Studies.

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Arrest warrant

An arrest warrant is a warrant issued by a judge or magistrate on behalf of the state, which authorizes the arrest and detention of an individual, or the search and seizure of an individual's property.

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Artillery brigade

An artillery brigade is a specialised form of military brigade dedicated to providing artillery support.

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Ashfaq Parvez Kayani

General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani (اشفاق پرویز کیانی; born 20 April 1952),, is a retired four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army who served as the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), being appointed on 29 November 2007 until 29 November 2013.

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Ashok K. Mehta

Ashok K. Mehta is a former Major general of the Indian Army, and a radio and television commentator, and a columnist on defence and security issues.

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Asif Ali Zardari

Asif Ali Zardari (آصف علی زرداری; آصف علي زرداري; born 26 July 1955) is a Pakistani politician and the former co-chairperson of Pakistan People's Party.

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Asim Raza

Asim Raza (عاصم رضا; born 21 August 1966) is a Pakistani, film and television commercial director and producer.

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Assassination of Benazir Bhutto

The assassination of Benazir Bhutto took place on 27 December 2007 in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

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Assistant professor

Assistant professor is an academic rank used in universities or colleges in the United States, Canada, and some other countries.

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Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Atal Bihari Vajpayee (pronunciation; born 25 December 1924) is an Indian politician who was the 10th Prime Minister of India, first term for 13 days in 1996 and then from 1998 to 2004.

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Ayaz Amir

Ayaz Amir (ایاز امیر) is a prominent Pakistani journalist, columnist and a senior politician.

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Azad Kashmir

Azad Jammu and Kashmir (آزاد جموں و کشمیر Āzād Jammū̃ o Kaśmīr, translation: Free Jammu and Kashmir), abbreviated as AJK and commonly known as Azad Kashmir, is a nominally self-governing polity administered by Pakistan.

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Azadi (album)

Azadi (Urdu:آزادی, literal English translation: "freedom") is the fourth studio album and the fifth overall album of the Pakistani sufi rock band, Junoon.

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Aziz Khan (general)

General Muhammad Mir Aziz Khan (محمد عزیز خان 1 January 1947),,, best known as Aziz Khan, is a retired four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army who served as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, appointed on October 2001 until his retirement in 2005.

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Bachelor's degree

A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years (depending on institution and academic discipline).

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Balochistan, Pakistan

Balochistan (bəloːt͡ʃɪs't̪ɑːn) (بلوچِستان), is one of the five provinces of Pakistan.

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Bangladesh Army

The Bangladesh Army (BA, বাংলাদেশ সেনাবাহিনী, Bangladesh Senabahini) is the land forces branch and the largest of the three defence service of the Bangladesh Armed Forces.

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Bangladesh Liberation War

The Bangladesh Liberation War (মুক্তিযুদ্ধ), also known as the Bangladesh War of Independence, or simply the Liberation War in Bangladesh, was a revolution and armed conflict sparked by the rise of the Bengali nationalist and self-determination movement in what was then East Pakistan during the 1971 Bangladesh genocide.

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Battalion

A battalion is a military unit.

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Benazir Bhutto

Benazir Bhutto (بينظير ڀُٽو; 21 June 1953 – 27 December 2007) was a Pakistani politician who served as Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and again from 1993 to 1996.

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Bilafond La

Bilafond La (meaning "Pass of the Butterflies" in Balti language, also known as the Saltoro Pass, is a mountain pass situated on Saltoro Ridge, sitting immediately west of the vast Siachen Glacier, some directly north of map point NJ 980420 which defined the end of the 1972 Line of Control between Pakistan and India as part of the Simla Agreement. Bilafond La (Pass of the Butterflies) is on the ancient Silk Route linking undivided India and China. Bilafond La was a prominent feature during the 1984 start of military action in the Siachen Conflict between India and Pakistan. The Indian Army captured the pass in 1984 along with Sia La to the north and, in 1987, Gyong La to the south. India currently maintains a fortified military base at Bilafond La.

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Bill Clinton

William Jefferson Clinton (born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

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Blasphemy law in Pakistan

The Pakistan Penal Code prohibits blasphemy (قانون توہین رسالت) against any recognized religion, providing penalties ranging from a fine to death.

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BOL Network

BOL Network (بول نیٹ ورک) is a media conglomerate based in Karachi owned by Shoaib Ahmed Shaikh, who also served as the CEO and chairman of the media network.

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Bosnian War

The Bosnian War was an international armed conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995.

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Brigade

A brigade is a major tactical military formation that is typically composed of three to six battalions plus supporting elements.

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British Raj

The British Raj (from rāj, literally, "rule" in Hindustani) was the rule by the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947.

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Business Recorder

Business Recorder is a financial daily newspaper in Pakistan.

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Canadian Broadcasting Corporation

The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (Société Radio-Canada), branded as CBC/Radio-Canada, is a Canadian federal Crown corporation that serves as the national public broadcaster for both radio and television.

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Captain (armed forces)

The army rank of captain (from the French capitaine) is a commissioned officer rank historically corresponding to the command of a company of soldiers.

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Car bomb

A car bomb, lorry bomb, or truck bomb, also known as a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device (VBIED), is an improvised explosive device placed inside a car or other vehicle and detonated.

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Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP) is a foreign-policy think tank with centers in Washington D.C., Moscow, Beirut, Beijing, Brussels, and New Delhi.

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Central Jail Rawalpindi

Central Jail Rawalpindi (also known as Adyala jail) is a prominent prison in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

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Central Superior Services

The Central Superior Services (denoted as CSS; or Bureaucracy) is a permanent elite bureaucratic authority, and the civil service that is responsible for running the civilian bureaucratic operations and government secretariats and directorates of the Cabinet of Pakistan.

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Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee

The Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (CJCSC) is, in principle, the highest-ranking and senior most military officer, typically at four-star rank, in the Pakistan Armed Forces who serves as a principal military adviser to the civilian government led by elected Prime minister of Pakistan and his/her National Security Council.

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Charlie Wilson's War: The Extraordinary Story of the Largest Covert Operation in History

Charlie Wilson's War: The Extraordinary Story of the Largest Covert Operation in History (later titled Charlie Wilson's War: The Extraordinary Story of How the Wildest Man in Congress and a Rogue CIA Agent Changed the History of Our Times) was a 2003 book by George Crile III.

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Chaudhry Abdul Majeed

Chaudhry Abdul Majeed (born:1937; Urdu: چودہری عبد لمجيد) is a Pakistani nuclear chemist and a nuclear weapon and reactor expert.

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Chicago

Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third most populous city in the United States, after New York City and Los Angeles.

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Chief Justice of Pakistan

The Chief Justice of Pakistan (initials as CJP) is the head of the court system of Pakistan (the judicature branch of government) and the chief judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan.

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Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)

The Chief of Air Staff (سربراہ پاک فضائيہ) (reporting name: CAS), is a military appointment and a statutory office held by the four-star rank air force general in the Pakistan Air Force, who is appointed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan and final confirmation by the President of Pakistan.

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Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)

The Chief of Army Staff (سربراہ پاک فوج) (reporting name: COAS), is a military appointment and statutory office held by the four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army, who is appointed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan and final confirmation by the President of Pakistan.

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Chitral

Chitral (Pashto/چترال; چھترار, Khowar for "field") is the capital of the Chitral District, situated on the Chitral River in northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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Cinema of Pakistan

The Cinema of Pakistan or Pakistani cinema (پاکِستانی سینما) refers to the filmmaking industry in Pakistan.

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Citibank

Citibank is the consumer division of financial services multinational Citigroup.

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Cold-weather warfare

Cold-weather warfare, also known as Arctic warfare or winter warfare, encompasses military operations affected by snow, ice, thawing conditions or cold, both on land and at sea.

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Colin Powell

Colin Luther Powell (born April 5, 1937) is an American statesman and a retired four-star general in the United States Army.

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Colombo

Colombo (translit,; translit) is the commercial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka.

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Colonel

Colonel ("kernel", abbreviated Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank below the brigadier and general officer ranks.

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Command and Staff College

The Command and Staff College is a Pakistani military training institution where officers receive staff training and education.

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Commando

A commando is a soldier or operative of an elite light infantry or special operations force often specializing in amphibious landings, parachuting or abseiling.

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Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth of Nations, often known as simply the Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire.

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Company commander

A company commander is the commanding officer of a company; a military unit which typically consists of 100 to 250 soldiers, often organized into three or four smaller units called platoons.

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Conservatism in Pakistan

Conservatism in Pakistan (پاكستانی قدامت پسندی), generally relates to the traditional, social, and religious identities in the politics of Pakistan.

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Constitution of Pakistan

The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu), also known as the 1973 Constitution is the supreme law of Pakistan.

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Convoy

A convoy is a group of vehicles, typically motor vehicles or ships, traveling together for mutual support and protection.

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Daily Times (Pakistan)

The Daily Times (DT) is an English-language Pakistani newspaper.

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David Albright

David Albright, M.Sc., is the founder of the non-governmental Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS), its current president, and author of several books on proliferation of atomic weapons.

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Dawn (newspaper)

DAWN is Pakistan's oldest, leading and most widely read English-language newspaper.

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Delhi

Delhi (Dilli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is a city and a union territory of India.

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Director general

A director general or director-general (plural: directors generals, sometimes director generals) or general director is a senior executive officer, often the chief executive officer, within a governmental, statutory, NGO, third sector or not-for-profit institution.

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Dormitory

In United States usage, the word dormitory means a building primarily providing sleeping and residential quarters for large numbers of people, often boarding school, college or university students.

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Dubai

Dubai (دبي) is the largest and most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

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East Pakistan

East Pakistan was the eastern provincial wing of Pakistan between 1955 and 1971, covering the territory of the modern country Bangladesh.

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Economic inequality

Economic inequality is the difference found in various measures of economic well-being among individuals in a group, among groups in a population, or among countries.

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Economic liberalisation in Pakistan

The Economic liberalisation in Pakistan refers to a policy measure programme in order to promote and accelerate the economic independence and development in the economic context of history of Pakistan.

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Economics

Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

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Electoral College (Pakistan)

The President of Pakistan is chosen by an electoral college, in Pakistan.

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Elite Police

The Elite Police (اشرافیہ پولیس), also known as the "Elite Force" or "Police Commandos", is a branch of the Punjab Police specializing in Counter-Terrorist operations and VIP security duties, as well as acting against serious crime and performing high-risk operations which can't be carried out by the regular police.

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Embassy of Pakistan, Washington, D.C.

The Embassy of Pakistan in Washington, D.C. is the diplomatic mission of Islamic Republic of Pakistan to the United States.

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Enlightened moderation

Enlightened moderation is a term coined by a former Pakistani president, Pervez Musharraf; it applies to practicing a moderate Islam, as opposed to the interpretions of fundamentalist Islam.

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Executive president

An executive president is a president who exercises active executive power in certain systems of government.

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Exile

To be in exile means to be away from one's home (i.e. city, state, or country), while either being explicitly refused permission to return or being threatened with imprisonment or death upon return.

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Exit Control List

The Exit Control Lists (ECL; Urdu: ای سی ایل) is a system of border control maintained by the Government of Pakistan under the Exit from Pakistan (Control) Ordinance. Those persons on the list are prohibited from leaving Pakistan.

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Fahd of Saudi Arabia

Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques (فهد بن عبد العزيز آل سعود; 16 March 1921 – 1 August 2005) was King of Saudi Arabia from 1982 to 2005.

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Fasih Bokhari

Fasih Bokhari (Urdu:فصىح بخارى; b.1942), is a retired four star rank admiral in the Pakistan Navy, pacifist, and a political figure who served as the Chief of Naval Staff from taking over the Navy's command in 1997 until voluntarily tendering resignation in 1999. In 1999, Admiral Bokhari publicly disagreed and revolted against the public decision of Prime minister Nawaz Sharif over the appointment of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee after he was superseded by the Chief of Army Staff General Pervez Musharraf. He is notable for his war opposition stance, having called for public introspections about the Kargil War in 2000. In 2011, Bokhari was appointed as the chairman of the National Accountability Bureau by President Asif Ali Zardari but his appointment was mere with public controversies and was eventually removed by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in 2013.

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Fazal-ur-Rehman (politician)

Maulana Fazl-ur-Rehman (born 19 June 1953) is a Pakistani politician who is the current President of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F).

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Federal Investigation Agency

The Federal Investigation Agency (وفاقی ادارۂ تحقیقات; reporting name: FIA) is a border control, counter-intelligence and security agency under the control of the Interior Secretary of Pakistan, tasked with investigative jurisdiction on undertaking operations against terrorism, espionage, federal crimes, fascism, smuggling as well as infringement and other specific crimes.

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First Information Report

A First Information Report (FIR) is a written document prepared by police organizations in countries like Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan when they receive information about the commission of a cognisable offence, or in Singapore when the police receives information about any criminal offence.

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Forman Christian College

Forman Christian College is an independent research liberal arts university located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan founded in 1864.

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Four-star rank

A four-star rank is the rank of any four-star officer described by the NATO OF-9 code.

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Free Press (publisher)

Free Press was a book publishing imprint of Simon & Schuster.

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Gallows

A gallows (or scaffold) is a frame, typically wooden, used for execution by hanging.

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General officer

A general officer is an officer of high rank in the army, and in some nations' air forces or marines.

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General officer commanding

The General Officer Commanding (GOC) is the usual title given in the armies of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth (and some other, such as in Ireland) nations to a General Officer who holds a command appointment.

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Government of Pakistan

The Government of Pakistan (حکومتِ پاکستان) is a federal government established by the Constitution of Pakistan as a constituted governing authority of the four provinces of a proclaimed and established parliamentary democratic republic, constitutionally called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

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Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.

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Harkat-ul Mujahideen al-Alami

Harkat-ul Mujahideen al-Alami (حرکت المجاهدين العالمی) is a militant organization in Pakistan.

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Harkat-ul-Mujahideen

Harkat-ul-Mujahideen- al-Islami (حرکت المجاہدین الاسلامی) (abbreviated HUM) is a Pakistan-based Islamic militant group operating primarily in Kashmir.

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High treason

Treason is criminal disloyalty.

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History of Pakistan

The history of Pakistan encompasses the history of the region constituting modern-day Pakistan.

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House arrest

In justice and law, house arrest (also called home confinement, home detention, or, in modern times, electronic monitoring) is a measure by which a person is confined by the authorities to a residence.

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I Corps (Pakistan)

The I Corps, also known as I Strike Corps, of the Pakistan Army headquartered in Mangla, Azad Kashimir Territory of Pakistan.

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Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry

Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry (اِفتِخار مُحَمّد چودهرى; born 12 December 1948) was the 20th Chief Justice of Pakistan, who served over three non-consecutive terms from 29 June 2005 to 11 December 2013.

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Impeachment

Impeachment is the process by which a legislative body formally levels charges against a high official of government.

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Imtiazi Sanad

Imtiazi Sanad is the fifth-highest Pakistani military award for gallantry or distinguished service in combat.

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In the Line of Fire: A Memoir

In the Line of Fire: A Memoir is a book that was written by former President of Pakistan Pervez Musharraf and first published on September 25, 2006.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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India–Pakistan border

The India and Pakistan Border, known locally as the International Border (IB), is an international border running between India and Pakistan that demarcates the Indian states and the four provinces of Pakistan.

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Indian Airlines flight 814 hijacking

Indian Airlines Flight 814 commonly known as IC 814 was an Indian Airlines Airbus A300 en route from Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu, Nepal to Indira Gandhi International Airport in Delhi, India on Friday, 24 December 1999, when it was hijacked.

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Indian Army

The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces.

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Indian Civil Service (British India)

The Indian Civil Service (ICS) for part of the 19th century officially known as the Imperial Civil Service, was the elite higher civil service of the British Empire in British India during British rule in the period between 1858 and 1947.

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Indo-Pakistani War of 1965

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between Pakistan and India. The conflict began following Pakistan's Operation Gibraltar, which was designed to infiltrate forces into Jammu and Kashmir to precipitate an insurgency against Indian rule. India retaliated by launching a full-scale military attack on West Pakistan. The seventeen-day war caused thousands of casualties on both sides and witnessed the largest engagement of armored vehicles and the largest tank battle since World War II. Hostilities between the two countries ended after a United Nations-mandated ceasefire was declared following diplomatic intervention by the Soviet Union and the United States, and the subsequent issuance of the Tashkent Declaration. Much of the war was fought by the countries' land forces in Kashmir and along the border between India and Pakistan. This war saw the largest amassing of troops in Kashmir since the Partition of British India in 1947, a number that was overshadowed only during the 2001–2002 military standoff between India and Pakistan. Most of the battles were fought by opposing infantry and armoured units, with substantial backing from air forces, and naval operations. Many details of this war, like those of other Indo-Pakistani Wars, remain unclear. India had the upper hand over Pakistan when the ceasefire was declared. "Satisfied that it had secured a strategic and psychological victory over Pakistan by frustrating its attempt to seize Kashmir by force, when the UN resolution was passed, India accepted its terms... with Pakistan's stocks of ammunition and other essential supplies all but exhausted, and with the military balance tipping steadily in India's favour." "Losses were relatively heavy—on the Pakistani side, twenty aircraft, 200 tanks, and 3,800 troops. Pakistan's army had been able to withstand Indian pressure, but a continuation of the fighting would only have led to further losses and ultimate defeat for Pakistan." Quote: The invading Indian forces outfought their Pakistani counterparts and halted their attack on the outskirts of Lahore, Pakistan's second-largest city. By the time the United Nations intervened on 22 September, Pakistan had suffered a clear defeat. Although the two countries fought to a standoff, the conflict is seen as a strategic and political defeat for Pakistan, "... the war itself was a disaster for Pakistan, from the first failed attempts by Pakistani troops to precipitate an insurgency in Kashmir to the appearance of Indian artillery within range of Lahore International Airport." – U.S. Department of State, – Interview with Steve Coll in United States House of Representatives 12 September 1994South Asia in World Politics By Devin T. Hagerty, 2005 Rowman & Littlefield,, p. 26 as it had neither succeeded in fomenting insurrection in Kashmir "... after some initial success, the momentum behind Pakistan's thrust into Kashmir slowed, and the state's inhabitants rejected exhortations from the Pakistani insurgents to join them in taking up arms against their Indian "oppressors." Pakistan's inability to muster support from the local Kashmiri population proved a disaster, both militarily and politically." nor had it been able to gain meaningful support at an international level. "Mao had decided that China would intervene under two conditions—that India attacked East Pakistan, and that Pakistan requested Chinese intervention. In the end, neither of them obtained." Internationally, the war was viewed in the context of the greater Cold War, and resulted in a significant geopolitical shift in the subcontinent. Before the war, the United States and the United Kingdom had been major material allies of both India and Pakistan, as their primary suppliers of military hardware and foreign developmental aid. During and after the conflict, both India and Pakistan felt betrayed by the perceived lack of support by the western powers for their respective positions; those feelings of betrayal were increased with the imposition of an American and British embargo on military aid to the opposing sides. As a consequence, India and Pakistan openly developed closer relationships with the Soviet Union and China, respectively. The perceived negative stance of the western powers during the conflict, and during the 1971 war, has continued to affect relations between the West and the subcontinent. In spite of improved relations with the U.S. and Britain since the end of the Cold War, the conflict generated a deep distrust of both countries within the subcontinent which to an extent lingers to this day."In retrospect, it is clear that the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 represented a watershed in the West's association with the subcontinent.""By extending the Cold War into South Asia, however, the United States did succeed in disturbing the subcontinent's established politico-military equilibrium, undermining British influence in the region, embittering relations between India and Pakistan and, ironically, facilitating the expansion of communist influence in the developing world." "The legacy of the Johnson arms cut-off remains alive today. Indians simply do not believe that America will be there when India needs military help... the legacy of the U.S. "betrayal" still haunts U.S.-Pakistan relations today.".

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Indo-Pakistani War of 1971

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan that occurred during the liberation war in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 to the fall of Dacca (Dhaka) on 16 December 1971.

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Indraprastha College for Women

Indraprastha College for Women also known as Indraprastha College or IP College (इंद्रप्रस्थ महिला कॉलेज) is the oldest women's college in Delhi.

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Institute for Science and International Security

The Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS) is a nonprofit, non-governmental institution to inform the public about "science and policy issues affecting international security." Founded in 1993, the group is led by founder and former United Nations IAEA nuclear inspector David Albright.

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Inter-Services Intelligence

The Inter-Services Intelligence (بین الخدماتی مخابرات, abbreviated as ISI) is the premier intelligence agency of Pakistan, operationally responsible for gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world.

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Islam

IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).

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Islamabad

Islamabad (اسلام آباد) is the capital city of Pakistan located within the federal Islamabad Capital Territory.

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Islamabad High Court

Islamabad High Court, located in Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, was established under Islamabad High Court Act, 2010 after the 18th amendment in the Constitution of Pakistan, 1973.

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Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (د افغانستان اسلامي امارات) was an Islamic state established in September 1996 when the Taliban began their rule of Afghanistan after the fall of Kabul.

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Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.

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Istanbul

Istanbul (or or; İstanbul), historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center.

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Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan

Jamaat-e-Islami, (Urdu:; meaning "Islamic Congress") abbreviated JI, is a socially conservative and Islamist political party based in Pakistan.

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Jamshed Gulzar Kiani

Lieutenant-General Jamshed Gulzar Kiani (Urdu: جمشید گلزار کیانی; b.20 July 1944 – 1 November 2008),, was a three-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army, intelligence officer and the former Colonel Commandant of the Baloch Regiment and commander of X Corps.

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Javed Nasir

Lieutenant-General Javed Nasir (Urdu: جاويد ناصر;b. 1936)), is a retired engineering officer in the Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers, who served as the Director-General of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), appointed on 14 March 1992 until being forcefully removed from this assignment on 13 May 1993. An educator and engineer by profession, Nasir gained national prominence as his role of bringing the unscattered mass of Afghan Mujahideen to agree to the power-sharing formula to form Afghan administration under President Mojaddedi in Afghanistan in 1992–93. Later, he played an influential and decisive role in the Bosnian war when he oversaw the covert military intelligence program to support the Bosnian Army against the Serbs, while airlifting the thousands of Bosnian refugees in Pakistan.

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Jazba-e-Junoon

"Jazba-e-Junoon" (Urdu: جذبہ جنوں, literal English translation: "the spirit of passion") is a song by the Pakistani sufi rock band Junoon.

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Jehangir Karamat

General Jehangir Karamat (Urdu: جہانگیر کرامت; born 20 February 1941), is a retired four-star rank army general, diplomat, public intellectual, and a former professor of political science at the National Defense University.

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Jews

Jews (יְהוּדִים ISO 259-3, Israeli pronunciation) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and a nation, originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of the Ancient Near East.

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Jinnah International Airport

Jinnah International Airport (جناح بین الاقوامی ہوائی اڈا; جناح بين الاقوامي هوائي اڏي) is Pakistan's busiest international and domestic airport, and handled 6,860,095 passengers in 2016-2017.

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John Abizaid

John Philip Abizaid (born April 1, 1951) is a retired United States Army general and former U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM) commander, overseeing American military operations in a 27-country region, from the Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, to South and Central Asia, covering much of the Middle East.

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Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee

The Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (جوانٹ چيفس ﺁف اسٹاف كميٹى; JCSC), is an administrative body of senior high-ranking uniformed military leaders of the unified Pakistan Armed Forces who advises the civilian Government of Pakistan, National Security Council, Defence Minister, President and Prime minister of Pakistan on important military and non-military strategic matters.

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Joint Staff Headquarters (Pakistan)

The Joint Staff Headquarters (reporting name:JS HQ), is the combatant joint-field operations secretariat and principal headquarters of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee established after Indo-Pakistani war of 1971 in Rawalpindi.It is situated neighborhood to GHQ.

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Judge Advocate General Branch (Pakistan)

The Judge Advocate General Branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces is composed of Pakistan's Military senior officers, lawyers and judges who provide legal services to the Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marines at all levels of command.

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Judiciary of Pakistan

The judiciary of Pakistan (پاکستان کا عدلیہ) is a hierarchical system with two classes of courts: the superior (or higher) judiciary and the subordinate (or lower) judiciary.

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Junoon (band)

Junoon (Urdu:, literally "obsession/passion") is a sufi rock band from Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, formed in 1990.

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Kakol, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Kakol is a town situated in the Kakul Valley at an elevation of 1300 metres, 5 km northeast of Abbottabad city near the Thandiani Hills, in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

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Karachi

Karachi (کراچی; ALA-LC:,; ڪراچي) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh.

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Kargil district

Kargil is a district of Ladakh division in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Kargil War

The Kargil War (करगिल युद्ध, kargil yuddh, کرگل جنگ kargil jang), also known as the Kargil conflict, was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that took place between May and July 1999 in the Kargil district of Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control (LOC).

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Kashmir conflict

The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947.

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Khemkaran

Khem Karan is a town and a nagar panchayat in Tarn Taran district of Patti tehsil of the Majha region of Indian state of Punjab.

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Lahore

Lahore (لاہور, لہور) is the capital city of the Pakistani province of Punjab, and is the country’s second-most populous city after Karachi.

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Leader of the Opposition (Pakistan)

The Leader of the Opposition (Urdu: قائد حزب اختلاف), is the people's elected politician who, by law, is the leader of the Official Opposition in Pakistan.

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Legal Framework Order, 2002

The Legal Framework Order, 2002 was issued by Pakistani president Pervez Musharraf in August 2002.

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Liberalism

Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on liberty and equality.

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Lieutenant (navy)

LieutenantThe pronunciation of lieutenant is generally split between,, generally in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Commonwealth countries, and,, generally associated with the United States.

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Lieutenant colonel

Lieutenant colonel is a rank of commissioned officer in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel.

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Lieutenant general

Lieutenant general, lieutenant-general and similar (abbrev Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries.

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List of Justices of the Supreme Court of Pakistan

The Supreme Court of Pakistan is the highest and apex court in the judicial hierarchy in Pakistan.

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List of political parties in Pakistan

Pakistan is a multi-party democracy that at times has been subject to military government.

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List of Presidents of Pakistan

The President of Pakistan is the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

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Local government in Pakistan

Local government in Pakistan is a complex pattern, with distribution of power varying according to the local arrangements.

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London

London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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Loyola University Medical Center

The Loyola University Medical Center is a quaternary-care system with a main medical center campus in the western suburbs of Chicago, in the U.S. state of Illinois.

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Lucknow

Lucknow is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and is also the administrative headquarters of the eponymous District and Division.

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Major

Major is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world.

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Major general

Major general (abbreviated MG, Maj. Gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries.

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Malaysia

Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia.

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Mangla

The name Mangla (منگلا)is derived from the name of a small village that was situated in District Mirpur within the State of Jammu Kashmir.

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Mangla Cantonment

Mangla Cantonment is an army garrison near Mangla Dam in Jhelum District of Pakistan.

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Mathematics

Mathematics (from Greek μάθημα máthēma, "knowledge, study, learning") is the study of such topics as quantity, structure, space, and change.

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Mecca

Mecca or Makkah (مكة is a city in the Hejazi region of the Arabian Peninsula, and the plain of Tihamah in Saudi Arabia, and is also the capital and administrative headquarters of the Makkah Region. The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level, and south of Medina. Its resident population in 2012 was roughly 2 million, although visitors more than triple this number every year during the Ḥajj (حَـجّ, "Pilgrimage") period held in the twelfth Muslim lunar month of Dhūl-Ḥijjah (ذُو الْـحِـجَّـة). As the birthplace of Muhammad, and the site of Muhammad's first revelation of the Quran (specifically, a cave from Mecca), Mecca is regarded as the holiest city in the religion of Islam and a pilgrimage to it known as the Hajj is obligatory for all able Muslims. Mecca is home to the Kaaba, by majority description Islam's holiest site, as well as being the direction of Muslim prayer. Mecca was long ruled by Muhammad's descendants, the sharifs, acting either as independent rulers or as vassals to larger polities. It was conquered by Ibn Saud in 1925. In its modern period, Mecca has seen tremendous expansion in size and infrastructure, home to structures such as the Abraj Al Bait, also known as the Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel, the world's fourth tallest building and the building with the third largest amount of floor area. During this expansion, Mecca has lost some historical structures and archaeological sites, such as the Ajyad Fortress. Today, more than 15 million Muslims visit Mecca annually, including several million during the few days of the Hajj. As a result, Mecca has become one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the Muslim world,Fattah, Hassan M., The New York Times (20 January 2005). even though non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the city.

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Media of India

Media of India consist of several different types of Indian communications media: television, radio, cinema, newspapers, magazines, and Internet-based Web sites.

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Media of Pakistan

Media in Pakistan provides information on television, radio, cinema, newspapers, and magazines in Pakistan.

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Medina

Medina (المدينة المنورة,, "the radiant city"; or المدينة,, "the city"), also transliterated as Madīnah, is a city in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula and administrative headquarters of the Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia.

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Middle East

The Middle Easttranslit-std; translit; Orta Şərq; Central Kurdish: ڕۆژھەڵاتی ناوین, Rojhelatî Nawîn; Moyen-Orient; translit; translit; translit; Rojhilata Navîn; translit; Bariga Dhexe; Orta Doğu; translit is a transcontinental region centered on Western Asia, Turkey (both Asian and European), and Egypt (which is mostly in North Africa).

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Military advisor

Military advisors, or combat advisors, are soldiers sent to foreign nations to aid that nation with its military training, organization, and other various military tasks.

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Military history of the United States

The military history of the United States spans a period of over two centuries.

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Military Intelligence (Pakistan)

The Directorate for Military Intelligence, known as "Military Intelligence" (MI), is the intelligence arm of the Pakistan Army.

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Military operation

A military operation is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation.

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Minister of Defence (Pakistan)

The Minister of Defence heads the Ministry of Defence and who Pakistan Army, Pakistan Air Force, and Pakistan Navy.

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Minister of Finance (Pakistan)

The Minister of Finance is Cabinet member who is leads the Ministry of Finance.

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Minister of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)

The following is the list of all the previous foreign ministers of Pakistan to date.

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Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (وزارت خارجہ, Wazarat-e-Kharja, abbreviated as MoFA) is a ministry of the Government of Pakistan tasked in managing Pakistan's diplomatic and consular relations as well as its foreign policy.

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Mirza Aslam Beg

General Mirza Aslam Beg (Urdu: مرزا اسلم بیگ; born 2 August 1931), is a retired four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army, who served as its Chief of Army Staff from 1988 until his retirement in 1991. His appointment as chief of army staff came when his predecessor, President General Zia-ul-Haq, died in an air crash on 17 August 1988. Beg's tenure witnessed Benazir Bhutto as being elected Prime Minister in November 1988, and the restoration of democracy and the civilian control of the military in the country. Controversial accusations were leveled against him of financing the Islamic Democracy Alliance (IDA), the conservative and right-wing opposition alliance against left-wing PPP, and rigging subsequent general elections in 1990. As a result of general elections, Nawaz Sharif was elected Prime Minister in 1990, but fell out with Beg when the latter recommended support for Iraq during the Gulf War. Beg was denied an extension from President Ghulam Ishaq Khan soon after in 1991, and replaced by General Asif Nawaz as chief of army staff.Ahmad Faruqui. Dawn, 12 October 2009 Apart from his military career, Beg briefly tenured as professor of security studies at the National Defence University (NDU) and regularly writes columns in The Nation. Beg's post-retirement has been characterized by controversies: first, Beg was accused of playing an internal role in the airplane crash that killed President Zia, and, second, he was summoned to the Supreme Court of Pakistan in 2012 for his alleged role in releasing the financial funding to the conservative politicians as opposed to the Pakistan Peoples Party's politicians during the general elections held in 1990.

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Missing persons (Pakistan)

Missing persons is a generic term used in Pakistan to refer to the alleged ostensibly hundreds of persons in Pakistan who have been forcefully disappeared by the different security and law enforcement agencies.

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Mossad

Mossad (הַמוֹסָד,; الموساد,,; literally meaning "the Institute"), short for (המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים, meaning "Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations"), is the national intelligence agency of Israel.

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Motion of no confidence

A motion of no confidence (alternatively vote of no confidence, no-confidence motion, or (unsuccessful) confidence motion) is a statement or vote which states that a person(s) in a position of responsibility (government, managerial, etc.) is no longer deemed fit to hold that position, perhaps because they are inadequate in some respect, are failing to carry out obligations, or are making decisions that other members feel are detrimental.

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Mountain warfare

Mountain warfare refers to warfare in the mountains or similarly rough terrain.

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Movement to impeach Pervez Musharraf

The movement to impeach Pervez Musharraf was an August 2008 attempt by opposition parties comprising the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N), Awami National Party (ANP), and Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam to force Pakistan's President Pervez Musharraf out of office.

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Muhajir people

The Muhajir people (also spelled Mahajir and Mohajir) (مهاجر) are Muslim immigrants, of multi-ethnic origin, and their descendants, who migrated from various regions of India after the independence of Pakistan.

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Muhammad

MuhammadFull name: Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāšim (ابو القاسم محمد ابن عبد الله ابن عبد المطلب ابن هاشم, lit: Father of Qasim Muhammad son of Abd Allah son of Abdul-Muttalib son of Hashim) (مُحمّد;;Classical Arabic pronunciation Latinized as Mahometus c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE)Elizabeth Goldman (1995), p. 63, gives 8 June 632 CE, the dominant Islamic tradition.

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Muhammad Mian Soomro

Muhammad Mian Soomro (Sindhi: محمد میاں سومرو; born on 19 August 1950) is a Pakistani politician and a banker who served as the Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan from 2003 to 2009.

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Muhammad Rafiq Tarar

Muhammad Rafiq Tarar (محمد رفیق تارڑ; born 2 November 1929) is a retired senior justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan who served as the 9th President of Pakistan from 20 January 1998 until resigning the office on 20 June 2001.

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Mujahideen

Mujahideen (مجاهدين) is the plural form of mujahid (مجاهد), the term for one engaged in Jihad (literally, "holy war").

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Muqrin bin Abdulaziz

Muqrin bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (مقرن بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود; born 15 September 1945) is a member of House of Saud who served as Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia from January to April 2015.

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Mushaf Ali Mir

Air Chief Marshal Mushaf Ali Mir (Urdu: مصحف على مير; March 5, 1947 – 20 February 2003) was an influential statesman and a four-star rank air force general who served as the Chief of Air Staff of the Pakistan Air Force (PAF), appointed in 20 November 2000 until his accidental death in a plane crash on 20 February 2003.

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Music of Pakistan

The Music of Pakistan (پاکستان کی موسیقی) includes diverse elements ranging from music from various parts of South Asia as well as Central Asian, Middle Eastern, and modern-day Western popular music influences.

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Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal

The Muttahida Majlis–e–Amal (MMA) (Urdu:; lit. United Council of Action), is a political alliance consisting of ultra–conservative, Islamist, religious, and far-right parties of Pakistan.

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Muttahida Qaumi Movement

The Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) (متحدہ قومی موومنٹ), is a secular political party in Pakistan that was founded by Altaf Hussain in 1984.

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Muzaffarabad

Muzaffarabad (مُظفَّرآباد) is the capital of the Pakistani territory of Azad Kashmir.

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Naseerullah Babar

Major-General Naseerullah Khan Babar (Urdu: نصيرالله خان بابر; born 1928—10 January 2011) was Minister of Internal Security of Pakistan.

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National Defence University, Pakistan

The National Defence University (جامعہ قومی دفاع) or NDU, is a publicly funded military institution located in Islamabad, Pakistan dedicated to the study and research in military science, geo-strategy and international relations.

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National Security Council (Pakistan)

The National Security Council (شورا قومی حفاظتی) (reporting name: NSC) is a federal institutional and consultative body chaired by the Prime Minister of Pakistan as its chairman.

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Nawaz Sharif

Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu/میاں محمد نواز شریف, born 25 December 1949) is a Pakistani business magnate and former politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan for three non-consecutive terms, all of the three terms were unsuccessful.

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New Straits Times

The New Straits Times is an English-language newspaper published in Malaysia.

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New York City

The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

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Nisar Ali Khan

Chaudhry Nisar Ali Khan (چوہدری نثار علی خان; born 31 July 1954) is a Pakistani politician who recently served as the Interior Minister from 2013 to 2017.

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Nishan-e-Imtiaz

The Nishan-i-Imtiaz (نشان امتیاز, English: Order of Excellence) is one of the state organized civil decorations of State of Pakistan.

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Nishan-e-Pakistan

The Nishan-e-Pakistan (نشان پاکستان, English: Order of Pakistan) is the highest of civil awards and decorations given by the Government of Pakistan for the highest degree of service to the country and nation of Pakistan.

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Northern Alliance

The Afghan Northern Alliance, officially known as the United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan (جبهه متحد اسلامی ملی برای نجات افغانستان Jabha-yi Muttahid-i Islāmi-yi Millī barāyi Nijāt-i Afghānistān), was a united military front that came to formation in late 1996 after the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) took over Kabul.

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Nuclear proliferation

Nuclear proliferation is the spread of nuclear weapons, fissionable material, and weapons-applicable nuclear technology and information to nations not recognized as "Nuclear Weapon States" by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT.

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Okara Cantonment

Okara Cantonment is a cantonment adjacent to Okara in Punjab province, Pakistan.

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Old Delhi

Old Delhi or Purani Dilli was founded as a walled city of Delhi, India, founded as Shahjahanabad in 1638, when Shah Jahan, the Mughal emperor at the time, decided to shift the Mughal capital from Agra.

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Order of King Abdulaziz

The Order of King Abdulaziz is a Saudi-Arabian Order of Merit.

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Osama bin Laden

Usama ibn Mohammed ibn Awad ibn Ladin (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن), often anglicized as Osama bin Laden (March 10, 1957 – May 2, 2011), was a founder of, the organization responsible for the September 11 attacks in the United States and many other mass-casualty attacks worldwide.

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Pakistan

Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.

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Pakistan Air Force

The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) (پاک فِضائیہ—, or alternatively پاکیستان هاوایی فوج, reporting name: PAF) is the aerial warfare branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces, tasked primarily with the aerial defence of Pakistan, with a secondary role of providing air support to the Pakistan Army and the Pakistan Navy.

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Pakistan Armed Forces

The Pakistan Armed Forces (پاکستان مُسَلّح افواج, Pākistān Musallah Afwāj) are the military forces of Pakistan.

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Pakistan Army

Pakistan Army (پاک فوج Pak Fauj (IPA: pɑk fɒ~ɔd͡ʒ); Reporting name: PA) is the land-based force of the Pakistan Armed Forces.

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Pakistan Army Artillery Corps

The Regiment of Pakistan Artillery is an arm of Pakistan Army tasked with Muzzle-projectile weapons.

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Pakistan Army Corps of Military Police

The Pakistan Army Corps of Military Police (Urdu: ملڑى پولیس كور; Military Police Core, abbreviated as MP, is the active-duty uniformed and principle combatant staff Corps tasked with maintaining law enforcement within Pakistan Army. Professional misconduct and criminal investigations are conducted by the Military Police investigators or the Corps of Military Intelligence (CMI), both are reported to the Judge Advocate General Branch. The MPs are the active members of the Pakistan Army who are professional trained to handle prisoners of war (POW) and to regulate military traffic system in the designated military districts, as well as to handle advanced military telecommunication equipment in their respected station military districts. Formed by Royal Military Police in 1946, it was initially the part of the Corps of Military Police (Indian Army). The Military Police was established shortly after the establishment of Pakistan, when elements of active duty Corps of Military Police reached to Abbottabad Military District (AMC) and reported to Pakistan Military Academy on November 1947 as a separate entity. Four Military Police units were formed immediately and were retained in service. In February 1949, it was decided to expand the Military Police by establishing an Infantry School Quetta to impart training to officers, junior and non-commissioned officers and soldiers of Corps of Military Police. In April 1954, the Corps of Military Police's headquarters was shifted from Quetta to its present location Dera Ismail Khan. However in 1971, the commanding office of the Military Police was located at the General Combatant Headquarters at the Rawalpindi, Punjab Province. As for its war capabilities, the military police took participation in Indo-Pakistani wars of 1947, 1965, 1971, and 1999, and currently undertaking operations in West Pakistan. The MP can be identified by their red berets, white lanyards and belts, and they also wear a white helmet (on duty performed on field) white brassard with the letters "MP" imprinted in red. The term "red berets" is synonymous with the personnel of the elite Corps of Military Police (MP), since all ranks of this Corps adorn the exclusive red berets along with white belts to distinguish themselves from other Corps of Army.

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Pakistan Military Academy

The Pakistan Military Academy at Kakul (PMA), also known as PMA Kakul, is a two-year accredited federal service military academy.

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Pakistan Movement

The Pakistan Movement or Tehrik-e-Pakistan (تحریک پاکستان –) was a religious political movement in the 1940s that aimed for and succeeded in the creation of Pakistan from the Muslim-majority areas of the British Indian Empire.

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Pakistan Muslim League

The Pakistan Muslim League (پاکستان مسلم لیگ; known as PML), is the name of several Pakistani political parties that have dominated the Right-wing platform since the 1960s.

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Pakistan Muslim League (N)

The Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) (پاکستان مسلم لیگ (ن) PML-N) is a centre-right conservative party in Pakistan.

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Pakistan Muslim League (Q)

The Pakistan Muslim League (Quaid e Azam Group) پاکستان مسلم لیگ (ق); Acronyms: PML(Q), PML-Q, PMLQ) is a centre-nationalist political party in Pakistan. As of the 2013 Parliamentary election, it has a representation of 2 seats. It previously served as an ally of former Prime minister Raja Pervez Ashraf's then government, and led a joint election campaign in 2013 alongside Pakistan Peoples Party in Punjab and Balochistan provinces against its rival Pakistan Muslim League (N), a fiscal conservative and centre-right force. Its leadership and members were once part of the Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) presided by former prime minister Nawaz Sharif. After the 1997 general elections, political differences arose that ultimately led to the creation of a faction inside the party. The dissidents, led by Shujaat Hussain, called for strong and vocal support for the 1999 military coup d'état staged and led by then-Chief of Army Staff and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee General Pervez Musharaff. In 2002, dissident leaders launched the party, focused on President Pervez Musharraf’s government. It later became an integral part of Musharraf's government and appointed their own Prime minister, Shaukat Aziz. Dissident leader Shujaat Hussain was named party president, while the party began the annihilation of PML(N)'s structure. Full advantage was taken by Musharraf, who granted opportunities to the party with a goal of exclusive support of the government and to diminish the public support of Sharif. National security adviser Tarik Aziz had played a pivotal role who "had engineered the idea in advance of the elections of 2002 of converting the PML(N)'s centre-right ideology back to centrism, PML(Q), the Q standing for "Quaid-e-Azam". However the idea collapsed when PML (N) emerged as the largest conservative front and the largest opposition party. The party suffered many setbacks thereafter when its membership began to disintegrate after forming a separate bloc with close association with the PML-N, including the Like-Minded and Avami League blocs and second, the former president's bloc. Senior members joined PML-N, while the junior leadership defected to the PTI. In September 2010, PML (Q) joined its similar ideological faction, PML-F, forming the Pakistan Muslim League (Pir Pagara), but this was short-lived when in May 2011 the party joined the Yousaf Raza Gillani led-government to fulfill the gap left by its rival PML-N. However, the party announced its resignation from the Parliament, citing the failure of the Pakistan Peoples Party to resolve the energy crisis as the reason, which had direct impact on the federal government. The situation become better by giving relief in fuel prices on 15th June 2012.

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Pakistan Naval War College

The Pakistan Naval War College is a staff college providing training and education primarily to the mid-career officers of Pakistan Navy as well as to a limited number of officers from Pakistan Air Force, Pakistan Army and various Allied forces.

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Pakistan Navy

The Pakistan Navy (rtl; Pɑkistan Bahri'a) (reporting name: PN) is the naval warfare branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces, responsible for Pakistan's of coastline along the Arabian Sea, and the defence of important civilian harbours and military bases.

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Pakistan Peoples Party

The Pakistan Peoples Party (پاکِستان پیپلز پارٹی, commonly referred to as the PPP) is a left-wing, socialist-progressive political party of Pakistan.

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Pakistan Television Corporation

Pakistan Television Corporation (پاكِستان ٹیلی وژن نیٹ ورک; reporting name: PTV) is a public and commercial broadcasting television network, as well as a mass-media state-owned megacorporation, with headquarters at Islamabad, Pakistan.

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Pakistan's role in the War on Terror

Pakistan's role in the War on Terror is a widely discussed topic among policy-makers of various countries, political analysts and international delegates around the world.

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Pakistani dramas

Pakistani dramas (پاکستانی ڈرامہ) refers to televised miniseries produced in Pakistan, with distinctive features that set it apart from regular Western television series or soap operas.

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Pakistani general election, 2002

General elections were held in Pakistan on 10 October 2002 to elect the National Assembly of Pakistan and the provincial assemblies.

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Pakistani general election, 2013

General elections were held in Pakistan on 11 May 2013 to elect the members of the 14th National Assembly and to the four provincial assemblies of Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

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Pakistani nationalism

Pakistani nationalism refers to the political, cultural, linguistic, historical, religious and geographical expression of patriotism by the people of Pakistan, of pride in the history, heritage and identity of Pakistan, and visions for its future.

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Pakistani rock

Pakistani rock is a variety of rock music that is largely produced in Pakistan.

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Pakistanis

No description.

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Parliament of Pakistan

The Parliament of Pakistan (مجلس شوریٰ پاکستان —) is the federal and supreme legislative body of Pakistan.

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Partition of India

The Partition of India was the division of British India in 1947 which accompanied the creation of two independent dominions, India and Pakistan.

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Pervaiz Mehdi Qureshi

Air Chief Marshal Parvaiz Mehdi Qureshi (Urdu: پرویز مهدی قریشی; b. 1 October 1943), best known as PQ Mehdi, is a retired four-star rank air force general and a former fighter pilot who served as the eighth Chief of Air Staff (CAS) of the Pakistan Air Force, appointed in 1997 until retiring in 2000.

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Piers Morgan Live

Piers Morgan Live (formerly known as Piers Morgan Tonight) is a talk show that was hosted by Piers Morgan and broadcast on CNN.

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Political science

Political science is a social science which deals with systems of governance, and the analysis of political activities, political thoughts, and political behavior.

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Politics of Pakistan

The politics of Pakistan takes place within the framework established by the constitution.

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Presidencies and provinces of British India

The Provinces of India, earlier Presidencies of British India and still earlier, Presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in the subcontinent.

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President of Pakistan

The President of Pakistan (صدر مملکت پاکستان —), is the ceremonial head of state of Pakistan and a figurehead who represents the "unity of the Republic." in Chapter 1: The President, Part III: The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan.

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President of the United States

The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.

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Pressure politics

Pressure politics generally refers to political action which relies heavily on the use of mass media and mass communications to persuade politicians that the public wants or demands a particular action.

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Prime Minister of India

The Prime Minister of India is the leader of the executive of the Government of India.

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Prime Minister of Pakistan

The Prime Minister of Pakistan (وزِیرِ اعظم —,; lit. "Grand Vizier") is the head of government of Pakistan and designated as the "chief executive of the Republic".

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Privatisation in Pakistan

The Privatization process in Pakistan (sometimes referred to as Denationalization programme or simply the Privatization in Pakistan) was a policy measure programme in the economic period of Pakistan.

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Proxy war

A proxy war is an armed conflict between two states or non-state actors which act on the instigation or on behalf of other parties that are not directly involved in the hostilities.

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Punjab Police (Pakistan)

The Punjab Police (Punjabi, Urdu: پنجاب پلس) is the law and order agency responsible for policing, reducing and controlling all criminal cases in the province of Punjab, Pakistan.

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Punjab, Pakistan

Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi:, panj-āb, "five waters") is Pakistan's second largest province by area, after Balochistan, and its most populous province, with an estimated population of 110,012,442 as of 2017.

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Quetta

Quetta (کوټه; کویته; کوٹه; کوئٹہ) is the provincial capital and largest city of Balochistan, Pakistan.

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Radiological warfare

Radiological warfare is any form of warfare involving deliberate radiation poisoning or contamination of an area with radiological sources.

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Rana Bhagwandas

Rana Bhagwandas (20 December 1942 – 23 February 2015), was a senior judge and former acting chief justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan (CJP).

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Rao Sikandar Iqbal

Rao Sikandar Iqbal (راؤسِكندراِقبال), c. 1943 – 29 September 2010) was the Defence Minister of Pakistan from 2002 to 2007.

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Rawalpindi

Rawalpindi (Punjabi, راولپِنڈى), commonly known as Pindi (پِنڈی), is a city in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Rome

Rome (Roma; Roma) is the capital city of Italy and a special comune (named Comune di Roma Capitale).

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Royal College of Defence Studies

The Royal College of Defence Studies (RCDS) instructs senior officers of the Armed Forces and Civil Service in defence and international security matters at the highest level, to prepare them for the top posts.

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Royal Military Academy Sandhurst

The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS or RMA Sandhurst), commonly known simply as Sandhurst, is one of several military academies of the United Kingdom and is the British Army's initial officer training centre.

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Runway

According to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), a runway is a "defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and takeoff of aircraft".

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Saad Hariri

Saad El-Din Rafik Al-Hariri (سعد الدين رفيق الحريري; born 18 April 1970) is a Lebanese politician who has been the Prime Minister of Lebanon since December 2016.

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Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula.

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Sayyid

Sayyid (also spelt Syed, Saiyed,Seyit,Seyd, Said, Sayed, Sayyed, Saiyid, Seyed and Seyyed) (سيد,; meaning "Mister"; plural سادة) is an honorific title denoting people (سيدة for females) accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali (combined Hasnain), sons of Muhammad's daughter Fatimah and son-in-law Ali (Ali ibn Abi Talib).

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Scapegoat

In the Bible, a scapegoat is an animal which is ritually burdened with the sins of others then driven away.

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Second lieutenant

Second lieutenant (called lieutenant in some countries) is a junior commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces, comparable to NATO OF-1b rank.

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Self-coup

A self-coup (or autocoup, from the Spanish autogolpe) is a form of putsch or coup d'état in which a nation's leader, despite having come to power through legal means, dissolves or renders powerless the national legislature and unlawfully assumes extraordinary powers not granted under normal circumstances.

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Senate of Pakistan

Aiwan-e Bala (ایوانِ بالا) or Senate of Pakistan is the upper legislative chamber of the bicameral legislature of Pakistan, and together with the Qaumi Assembly makes up the Majlis-e-Shoora.

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September 11 attacks

The September 11, 2001 attacks (also referred to as 9/11) were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda against the United States on the morning of Tuesday, September 11, 2001.

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Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan

The Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan (Urdu: آئین پاکستان میں سترہویں ترمیم) was an amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan passed in December 2003, after over a year of political wrangling between supporters and opponents of Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf.

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Shah Ahmad Noorani

Shah Ahmad Noorani (شاہ احمد نورانی; 1 October 1926 – 11 December 2003, known as Allama Noorani), was a Pakistani Islamic scholar, mystic, philosopher, revivalist and an ultra–conservative politician.

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Shahid Karimullah

Admiral Shahid Karimullah (Urdu: شاهد كريم الله; b. 14 February 1948),, is a retired four-star rank admiral, diplomat, and a defence columnist who briefly tenured as the Chief of Naval Staff from 2002 until 2005.

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Shahid Khaqan Abbasi

Shahid Khaqan Abbasi (شاہد خاقان عباسی; born 27 December 1958) is a Pakistani politician who served as the 18th Prime Minister of Pakistan from August 2017 to May 2018.

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Shaukat Aziz

Shaukat Aziz (شوکت عزیز) (born 6 March 1949 in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan) is a Pakistani economist and financier who served as 18th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 20 August 2004 to 15 November 2007, as well as the Finance Minister of Pakistan from 6 November 1999 to 15 November 2007.

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Shehbaz Sharif

Mian Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif (born 23 September 1951) is a Pakistani politician who is the current President of the Pakistan Muslim League-N. He recently served as the Chief Minister of Punjab from June 2013 to May 2018 which was his third term.

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Show trial

A show trial is a public trial in which the judicial authorities have already determined the guilt of the defendant.

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Shujaat Hussain

Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain (چودھری شجاعت حسین; born 27 January 1937), is a senior conservative politician hailing from Gujrat and a business oligarch who previously served as 17th Prime minister of Pakistan from 30 June 2004 on a temporary basis during a transitional period to accommodate Shaukat Aziz till 28 August 2004.

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Siachen conflict

The Siachen conflict, sometimes referred to as the Siachen War, was a military conflict between India and Pakistan over the disputed Siachen Glacier region in Kashmir.

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Siachen Glacier

The Siachen Glacier (Hindi: सियाचिन ग्लेशियर, Urdu: سیاچن گلیشیر) is a glacier located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas at about, just northeast of the point NJ9842 where the Line of Control between India and Pakistan ends.

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Sialkot

Sialkot (سيالكوٹ and سيالكوٹ) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan.

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Siege of Lal Masjid

The Siege of Lal Masjid (Urdu: لال مسجد محاصرہ, code-named Operation Sunrise) was a confrontation in July 2007 between Islamic fundamentalist militants and the Government of Pakistan, led by President Pervez Musharraf and Prime Minister Shaukat Aziz.

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Sindh

Sindh (سنڌ; سِندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan, in the southeast of the country.

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Sindh High Court

The High Court of Sindh is the highest judicial institution of the province of Sindh.

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Social liberalism

Social liberalism (also known as modern liberalism or egalitarian liberalism) is a political ideology and a variety of liberalism that endorses a market economy and the expansion of civil and political rights while also believing that the legitimate role of the government includes addressing economic and social issues such as poverty, health care and education.

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Socialism in Pakistan

The influences of socialism and socialist movements in Pakistan have taken many different forms as a counterpart to political conservatism, from the groups like Lal Salam which is the Pakistani section of the International Marxist Tendency, The Struggle, to the Stalinist group like Communist Party through to the reformist electoral project enshrined in the birth of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) While capitalism has always held its sway, the prevalence of the socialist ideology has nevertheless continued to be found in a number of instances in Pakistan's political past and prominent personalities.

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Socioeconomics

Socioeconomics (also known as social economics) is the social science that studies how economic activity affects and is shaped by social processes.

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Soviet–Afghan War

The Soviet–Afghan War lasted over nine years, from December 1979 to February 1989.

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Special Service Group

The Special Service Group (SSG) (عساکرء خدمات خصوصی) is the primary special operations force of the Pakistan Army.

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Special Service Group (Navy)

The Special Service Group (Navy) (خصوصی خدمات انجمن بحریہ), abbreviated SSG(N), is the Pakistan Navy's principal special operations force.

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Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා; Tamil: இலங்கை Ilaṅkai), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean to the southwest of the Bay of Bengal and to the southeast of the Arabian Sea.

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Sri Lanka Army

The Sri Lankan Army (Śrī Laṃkā yuddha hamudāva; Ilankai iraṇuvam) is the oldest and largest of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces and is the nation's army.

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St Patrick's High School, Karachi

St Patrick's High School is a Roman Catholic educational institution located in Saddar Town, Karachi, Pakistan.

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Staff (military)

A military staff (often referred to as general staff, army staff, navy staff, or air staff within the individual services) is a group of officers, enlisted and civilian personnel that are responsible for the administrative, operational and logistical needs of its unit.

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State of emergency

A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to perform actions that it would normally not be permitted.

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Structure of the Pakistan Army

The Structure of the Pakistan Army can be broken down two ways, administrative, and operational.

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Submachine gun

A submachine gun (SMG) is a magazine-fed, automatic carbine designed to fire pistol cartridges.

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Suicide attack

A suicide attack is any violent attack in which the attacker expects their own death as a direct result of the method used to harm, damage or destroy the target.

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Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood

Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood(سلطان بشیر الدین محمود; born 1940; ''SI''), is a Pakistani nuclear engineer and a Islamist scholar on Islamic studies.

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam.

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Supermajority

A supermajority or supra-majority or a qualified majority, is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for majority.

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Supreme Court of Pakistan

The Supreme Court of Pakistan (عدالت عظمیٰ پاکستان; Adālat-e-Uzma Pākistān) is the apex court in the judicial hierarchy of Pakistan.

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Suspension of Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry

Chief Justice of Pakistan Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry was made a "non-functional Chief Justice" on 9 March 2007.

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Syed Ahmad Khan

Syed Ahmad Taqvi bin Syed Muhammad Muttaqi KCSI (سید احمد خان.; 17 October 1817 – 27 March 1898), commonly known as Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, was an Indian Muslim pragmatist, Islamic reformist, philosopher of nineteenth century British India and the first who named the term "Two Nation theory" to the theory of separate nation of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Born into a family with strong ties with Mughal court, Syed studied the Quran and sciences within the court. He was awarded honorary LLD from the University of Edinburgh. In 1838, Syed Ahmad entered the service of East India Company and went on to become a judge at a Small Causes Court in 1867, and retired from service in 1876. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, he remained, loyal to the British Empire and was noted for his actions in saving European lives.Glasse, Cyril, The New Encyclopedia of Islam, Altamira Press, (2001) After the rebellion, he penned the booklet ''The Causes of the Indian Mutiny'' – a daring critique, at the time, of British policies that he blamed for causing the revolt. Believing that the future of Muslims was threatened by the rigidity of their orthodox outlook, Sir Syed began promoting Western–style scientific education by founding modern schools and journals and organising Muslim entrepreneurs. In 1859, Syed established Gulshan School at Muradabad, Victoria School at Ghazipur in 1863, and a scientific society for Muslims in 1864. In 1875, founded the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College, the first Muslim university in South Asia. During his career, Syed repeatedly called upon Muslims to loyally serve the British Empire and promoted the adoption of Urdu as the lingua franca of all Indian Muslims. Syed heavily critiqued the Indian National Congress. Syed maintains a strong legacy in Pakistan and Indian Muslims. He strongly influenced other Muslim leaders including Allama Iqbal and Jinnah. His advocacy of Islam's rationalist (Muʿtazila) tradition, and at broader, radical reinterpretation of the Quran to make it compatible with science and modernity, continues to influence the global Islamic reformation. Many universities and public buildings in Pakistan bear Sir Syed's name. Aligarh Muslim University celebrated his 200th birth centenary with much enthusiasm on 17 October 2017. Former President of India shri Pranab Mukherjee was the chief guest.

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Talal Akbar Bugti

Talal Akbar Bugti (Urdu: طلال اکبر بگٹی; March 17, 1952 – April 26, 2015) was a Pakistani Baloch tribal leader of the Bugti tribe of Balochistan and President of the Jamhoori Watan Party from 2006 until his death in 2015.

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Taliban

The Taliban (طالبان "students"), alternatively spelled Taleban, which refers to itself as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (IEA), is a Sunni Islamic fundamentalist political movement in Afghanistan currently waging war (an insurgency, or jihad) within that country.

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Tamgha-e-Basalat

Tamgha-e-Basalat (Medal of Good Conduct) is an award of Pakistan Armed Forces.

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Tariq Majid

General Tariq Majid, (Urdu: طارق مجید; born 23 August 1950; NI(M), afwc, fsc(m), psc) is a retired four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army who held prestigious four-star assignment as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee from 2007 to 2010, the principal and highest-ranking military advisier in the Pakistan Armed Forces.

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Terrorism

Terrorism is, in the broadest sense, the use of intentionally indiscriminate violence as a means to create terror among masses of people; or fear to achieve a financial, political, religious or ideological aim.

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The Day Shall Dawn

The Day Shall Dawn (جاگو ہوا سویرا, Jago Hua Savera) is a 1959 Pakistani drama film directed by A. J. Kardar.

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The Express Tribune

The Express Tribune is a major daily English-language newspaper based in Pakistan.

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The Indian Express

The Indian Express is an English-language Indian daily newspaper.

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The Nation (Pakistan)

The Nation is an English-language daily newspaper based in Lahore, Pakistan since 1986.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Oath of Office (Judges) Order, 2000

The Oath of Judges Order 2000 is order issued by then Chief Executive of Pakistan General Pervez Musharraf in January 2000.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.

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Theatre of Pakistan

This article deals with topics pertaining to theatre of Pakistan.

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Third Way

The Third Way is a position akin to centrism that tries to reconcile right-wing and left-wing politics by advocating a varying synthesis of centre-right economic and centre-left social policies.

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Tommy Franks

Tommy Ray Franks (born June 17, 1945) is a retired general in the United States Army.

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Trade union

A trade union or trades union, also called a labour union (Canada) or labor union (US), is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve many common goals; such as protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards, and attaining better wages, benefits (such as vacation, health care, and retirement), and working conditions through the increased bargaining power wielded by the creation of a monopoly of the workers.

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Travel visa

A visa (from the Latin charta visa, meaning "paper which has been seen") is a conditional authorization granted by a country to a foreigner, allowing them to enter, remain within, or to leave that country.

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Turkey

Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.

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Turkish language

Turkish, also referred to as Istanbul Turkish, is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 10–15 million native speakers in Southeast Europe (mostly in East and Western Thrace) and 60–65 million native speakers in Western Asia (mostly in Anatolia).

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Umrah

The ʿUmrah (عُمرَة) is an Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Hijaz, Saudi Arabia, performed by Muslims that can be undertaken at any time of the year, in contrast to the Ḥajj (حَـجّ) which has specific dates according to the Islamic lunar calendar.

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United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates (UAE; دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة), sometimes simply called the Emirates (الإمارات), is a federal absolute monarchy sovereign state in Western Asia at the southeast end of the Arabian Peninsula on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman to the east and Saudi Arabia to the south, as well as sharing maritime borders with Qatar to the west and Iran to the north.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Army

The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

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United States Institute of Peace

The United States Institute of Peace (USIP) is an American non-partisan, independent, federal institution that provides analysis of and is involved in conflicts around the world.

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United States Marine Corps

The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is a branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting amphibious operations with the United States Navy.

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University of Delhi

The University of Delhi, informally known as Delhi University (DU), is a collegiate public central university, located in New Delhi, India.

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Voice of America

Voice of America (VOA) is a U.S. government-funded international radio broadcast source that serves as the United States federal government's official institution for non-military, external broadcasting.

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War in North-West Pakistan

The War in North-West Pakistan, also known as the War in Waziristan, is an armed conflict involving Pakistan, and armed militant groups such as the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Jundallah, Lashkar-e-Islam (LeI), TNSM, al-Qaeda, and their Central Asian allies such as the ISIL–Khorasan (ISIL), Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, East Turkistan Movement, Emirate of Caucasus, and elements of organized crime.

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War on Terror

The War on Terror, also known as the Global War on Terrorism, is an international military campaign that was launched by the United States government after the September 11 attacks in the United States in 2001.

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War studies

War studies, sometimes called polemology, is the multi-disciplinary study of war.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Western world

The Western world refers to various nations depending on the context, most often including at least part of Europe and the Americas.

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Women's Protection Bill

The Women's Protection Bill (Urdu: خواتین کے تحفظ کے بل) which was passed by the National Assembly of Pakistan on 15 November 2006 is an attempt to amend the heavily criticised 1979 Hudood Ordinance laws which govern the punishment for rape and adultery in Pakistan.

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World Islamic Mission

World Islamic Mission (WIM) is an international Muslim organisation of Sufi-inspired Barelvi Sunni Muslims.

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XII Corps (Pakistan)

The XII Corps is an active and military administrative corps of Pakistan Army currently stationed in Quetta, Balochistan Province.

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Yitzhak Rabin

Yitzhak Rabin (יצחק רבין,; 1 March 1922 – 4 November 1995) was an Israeli politician, statesman and general.

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Yousaf Raza Gillani

Syed Yousuf Raza Gillani also spelled Gilani (Urdu:;; born 9 July 1952) is a Pakistani politician who served as 19th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 25 March 2008 until his retroactive disqualification and ouster by the Supreme Court of Pakistan on 26 April 2012.

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Zafarullah Khan Jamali

Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali (born 1 January 1944) is a Pakistani politician who served as Prime Minister of Pakistan from 2002 until his resignation in 2004.

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Ziauddin Butt

General Khawaja Ziauddin Abbasi (خواجہ ضیاء الدین عباسى), also known as Ziauddin Butt (ضیاء الدین بٹ), is a retired four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army, who served as the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), for a brief time, until Chairman joint chiefs General Pervez Musharraf reasserted the command and control of the military despite his termination on 12 October 1999.

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Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979) was a Pakistani politician who served as the 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977, and prior to that as the 4th President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973.

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1980s in Western fashion

1980s fashion in Britain, America, Europe and Australia had heavy emphasis on expensive clothes and fashion accessories.

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1999 Pakistani coup d'état

The 1999 Pakistani coup d'état was a bloodless coup d'état in which the Pakistan Army and then-Chief of Army Staff and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, General Pervez Musharraf, seized the control of the civilian government of publicly elected Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif on 12 October 1999.

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2001 Gujarat earthquake

The 2001 Gujarat earthquake, also known as the Bhuj earthquake, occurred on 26 January, India's 51st Republic Day, at and lasted for over 2 minutes.

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2001–02 India–Pakistan standoff

The 2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff was a military standoff between India and Pakistan that resulted in the massing of troops on either side of the border and along the Line of Control (LoC) in the region of Kashmir.

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2005 Kashmir earthquake

The 2005 Kashmir earthquake occurred at on 8 October in Pakistan administered areas of Kashmir.

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2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team

The 2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team occurred on 3 March 2009, when a bus carrying Sri Lankan cricketers, part of a larger convoy, was fired upon by 12 gunmen, near Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore, Pakistan.

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Redirects here:

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf

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