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Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig

Index Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig

Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, (19 June 1861 – 29 January 1928), was a senior officer of the British Army. [1]

347 relations: Adjutant, Aide-de-camp, Aide-de-camp general, Alan Clark, Aldershot Command, Alexander Bruce, 6th Lord Balfour of Burleigh, Alexander Hamilton-Gordon (British Army officer, born 1859), Alfred Frank Hardiman, Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, Allies of World War I, American Civil War, Amiens, Antwerp, Anzacs (TV series), Armistice of 11 November 1918, Army Manoeuvres of 1912, Army Reserve (United Kingdom), Arthur Bigge, 1st Baron Stamfordham, Arthur Currie, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, Aylmer Hunter-Weston, B. H. Liddell Hart, Barkly West, Baron, Battle of Amiens (1918), Battle of Crécy, Battle of Jena–Auerstedt, Battle of Le Cateau, Battle of Mons, Battle of Moreuil Wood, Battle of Neuve Chapelle, Battle of Omdurman, Battle of Passchendaele, Battle of the Frontiers, Battle of the Somme, BBC, Beauchamp Duff, Berlin, Bloemfontein, Bonar Law, Brasenose College, Oxford, British Army, British Expeditionary Force (World War I), British police strikes in 1918 and 1919, British War Medal, Bruges, Brusilov Offensive, Bulgaria, Bullingdon Club, Calais, ..., Canadian Corps, Canadian War Museum, Captain (British Army and Royal Marines), Chancellor of the University of St Andrews, Charleroi, Charles à Court Repington, Charles Lanrezac, Charles Woollcombe, Charlotte Square, Chief of the General Staff (India), Chinese Labour Corps, Chlorine, Christiaan de Wet, Clarence Johnston, Claud Jacob, Clifton College, Club Atlético Douglas Haig, Colesberg, Colonel (United Kingdom), Color blindness, Combined arms, Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces, Commander-in-Chief, India, Commonwealth War Graves Commission, County of Musgrave, Croix de Guerre, Croix de guerre (Belgium), Curragh incident, David Lloyd George, Delhi Durbar, Dictionary of National Biography, Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army), Doctor of Civil Law, Doctor of Law, Doullens Conference, Dryburgh Abbey, Dudley, Duff Cooper, Duncan Alwyn Macfarlane, Dundee, Earl Haig, Earl Haig Memorial, Earl Haig Secondary School, Eastern Front (World War I), Edinburgh, Edinburgh Collegiate School, Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, Edward VII, Egyptian Army, Erich Ludendorff, Evelyn Wood (British Army officer), Ferdinand Foch, Field marshal (United Kingdom), Fifth Army (France), First Army (United Kingdom), First Battle of the Marne, First Battle of Ypres, First day on the Somme, First Sea Lord, Fog of war, Forêt de Mormal, Gallipoli Campaign, Gary Sheffield (historian), Gavin Astor, 2nd Baron Astor of Hever, GCR Class 9P, General of the Armies, General officer, General officer commanding, Geoffrey Palmer (actor), George Haig, 2nd Earl Haig, George V, Georges Clemenceau, Ghent, Glasgow, Gordon Corrigan, Great Britain, Great Central Railway, Great Contemporaries, Great Retreat (Russian), H. H. Asquith, H. O. Arnold-Forster, Haig (whisky), Haig Avenue, Haig Fund, Haig Homes, Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baron Rawlinson, Herbert Alexander Lawrence, Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer, Hindenburg Line, History of the Great War, Honorary degree, Horace Smith-Dorrien, Hubert Gough, Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard, Hugh Trevor-Roper, Hundred Days Offensive, Hussey Vivian, 3rd Baron Vivian, I Corps (United Kingdom), Ian Hamilton (British Army officer), II Corps (United Kingdom), India, Inspector general, Irene Astor, Baroness Astor of Hever, Irish Guards, J. A. Spender, J. M. Barrie, Jackson's Valley Campaign, James Edward Edmonds, James Grierson, Jan Smuts, Joachim Murat, John Asser, John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, John Davidson (British Army officer), John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher, John French, 1st Earl of Ypres, John Gough (VC), John Grigg, 2nd Baron Altrincham, John Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair, John J. Pershing, John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe, John Keegan, John Mills, John Monash, John of Bohemia, John Terraine, Joseph Joffre, Kates Hill, Katong, Keith Murdoch, Khedivate of Egypt, Khedive's Sudan Medal (1897), King's Own Scottish Borderers, King's South Africa Medal, Kingdom of Serbia, Kitchener's Army, Kortrijk, Landrecies, Launcelot Kiggell, Le Cateau-Cambrésis, Leeds, Legion of Honour, Les Carlyon, Lieutenant, Lieutenant colonel, Lieutenant general, Lions led by donkeys, List of Marshals of France, London, London Scottish (regiment), London Waterloo station, Loos-en-Gohelle, Mahdist War, Major, Major general, Major-general (United Kingdom), Marne, Maurice Debate, Maurice Hankey, 1st Baron Hankey, Max Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook, Max Hoffmann, Maxim gun, Mentioned in dispatches, Merseyside, Military history, Military history of the United Kingdom, Montreuil, Pas-de-Calais, Myocardial infarction, Napoleon, Napoleonic Wars, National Army Museum, National Library of Scotland, Neuve-Chapelle, News Corporation, Nickname, Noël Coward, Officer (armed forces), Oh! What a Lovely War, On the Psychology of Military Incompetence, Order of Karađorđe's Star, Order of Leopold (Belgium), Order of Merit, Order of Michael the Brave, Order of Prince Danilo I, Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, Order of St. George, Order of the Bath, Order of the Indian Empire, Order of the Rising Sun, Order of the Thistle, Oxford, Oxford University Polo Club, Paris, Paul Fussell, Percy Lake, Philip Sassoon, Philippe Pétain, Pierre Berton, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Public housing in the United Kingdom, Queen's South Africa Medal, Queen's Sudan Medal, Race to the Sea, Railway Correspondence and Travel Society, Rawalpindi Parade 1905, Rector of the University of St Andrews, Redvers Buller, Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane, Robert George Broadwood, Robert Nivelle, Role of Douglas Haig in 1918, Royal Air Force, Royal Army Dental Corps, Royal Artillery, Royal Flying Corps, Royal Horse Guards, Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Royal Navy, Royal Small Arms Factory, Royal Tank Regiment, Royal Victorian Order, Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan, Rupert Murdoch, Russian Revolution, Russo-Japanese War, Saint-Omer, Second Battle of the Marne, Second Boer War, Secretary of State for War, Seine, Shell Crisis of 1915, Siege of Kimberley, Siege of Ladysmith, Sir Charles Monro, 1st Baronet, Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet, Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet, South Africa, Southport, Southport F.C., Soviet Union, Spring Offensive, St Columba's Church, London, St Giles' Cathedral, Staff College, Camberley, Stirling, Stonewall Jackson, Stormtrooper, The Great War and Modern Memory, The National Archives (United Kingdom), The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews, The Royal British Legion, The Unknown Warrior, The Westminster Gazette, Third Army (United Kingdom), Thomas Cooke (British Army officer), Toothache, Toronto, Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Tulip, United Kingdom general election, 1918, United Kingdom general election, 1922, United States, University, University of Aberdeen, University of Dundee, University of Edinburgh, University of Glasgow, University of Leeds, University of Oxford, University of St Andrews, Victory Medal (United Kingdom), Viscount, War Office, Warwickshire, West Midlands (county), Western Front (World War I), Westminster Abbey, Whitehall, Winston Churchill, Wolverhampton, Worcestershire, Worcestershire Regiment, World War I, World War II, XI Corps (United Kingdom), Zeebrugge, 10 Downing Street, 17th Lancers, 17th/21st Lancers, 1914 Star, 1st Cavalry Brigade (United Kingdom), 21st Division (United Kingdom), 24th Division (United Kingdom), 4-6-0, 7th Queen's Own Hussars. 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Adjutant

Adjutant is a military appointment given to an officer who assists the commanding officer with unit administration.

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Aide-de-camp

An aide-de-camp (French expression meaning literally helper in the military camp) is a personal assistant or secretary to a person of high rank, usually a senior military, police or government officer, a member of a royal family, or a head of state.

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Aide-de-camp general

Aide-de-camp general is a senior honorary appointment for general officers in the British Army.

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Alan Clark

Alan Kenneth Mackenzie Clark (13 April 1928 – 5 September 1999) was a British Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), author and diarist.

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Aldershot Command

Aldershot Command was a Home Command of the British Army.

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Alexander Bruce, 6th Lord Balfour of Burleigh

Alexander Hugh Bruce, 6th Lord Balfour of Burleigh, (13 January 1849 – 6 July 1921) was a Scottish Unionist politician, banker and statesman, who took a leading part in the affairs of the Church of Scotland.

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Alexander Hamilton-Gordon (British Army officer, born 1859)

Lieutenant General Sir Alexander Hamilton-Gordon KCB (6 July 1859 – 13 February 1939) was a British general during World War I.

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Alfred Frank Hardiman

Alfred Frank Hardiman (21 May 1891 – 17 April 1949) was an English sculptor.

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Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe

Alfred Charles William Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe (15 July 1865 – 14 August 1922) was a British newspaper and publishing magnate.

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Allies of World War I

The Allies of World War I, or Entente Powers, were the countries that opposed the Central Powers in the First World War.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (also known by other names) was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.

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Amiens

Amiens is a city and commune in northern France, north of Paris and south-west of Lille.

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Antwerp

Antwerp (Antwerpen, Anvers) is a city in Belgium, and is the capital of Antwerp province in Flanders.

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Anzacs (TV series)

Anzacs (named for members of the all volunteer ANZAC army formations) was a 1985 5-part Australian television miniseries set in World War I. The series follows the lives of a group of young Australian men who enlist in the 8th Battalion (Australia) of the First Australian Imperial Force in 1914, fighting first at Gallipoli in 1915, and then on the Western Front for the remainder of the war.

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Armistice of 11 November 1918

The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was the armistice that ended fighting on land, sea and air in World War I between the Allies and their last opponent, Germany.

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Army Manoeuvres of 1912

The Army Manoeuvres of 1912 was the last military exercise of its kind conducted by the British Army before the outbreak of the First World War.

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Army Reserve (United Kingdom)

The Army Reserve is the active-duty volunteer reserve force and integrated element of the British Army.

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Arthur Bigge, 1st Baron Stamfordham

Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur John Bigge, 1st Baron Stamfordham, (18 June 1849 – 31 March 1931) was a British Army officer and courtier.

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Arthur Currie

General Sir Arthur William Currie, (5 December 1875 – 30 November 1933) was a senior officer of the Canadian Army who fought during World War I. He had the unique distinction of starting his military career on the very bottom rung as a pre-war militia gunner before rising through the ranks to become the first Canadian commander of the Canadian Corps.

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Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as Prime Minister.

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Aylmer Hunter-Weston

Lieutenant-General Sir Aylmer Gould Hunter-Weston KCB DSO GStJ (23 September 1864 – 18 March 1940) was a British Army general who served in World War I at Gallipoli and in the very early stages of the Somme Offensive.

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B. H. Liddell Hart

Sir Basil Henry Liddell Hart (31 October 1895 – 29 January 1970), commonly known throughout most of his career as Captain B. H. Liddell Hart, was a British soldier, military historian and military theorist.

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Barkly West

Barkly West is a town in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, situated on the north bank of the Vaal River west of Kimberley.

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Baron

Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often hereditary.

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Battle of Amiens (1918)

The Battle of Amiens, also known as the Third Battle of Picardy (3ème Bataille de Picardie), was the opening phase of the Allied offensive which began on 8 August 1918, later known as the Hundred Days Offensive, that ultimately led to the end of the First World War.

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Battle of Crécy

The Battle of Crécy (26 August 1346), also spelled Cressy, was an English victory during the Edwardian phase of the Hundred Years' War.

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Battle of Jena–Auerstedt

The twin battles of Jena and Auerstedt (older name: Auerstädt) were fought on 14 October 1806 on the plateau west of the River Saale in today's Germany, between the forces of Napoleon I of France and Frederick William III of Prussia.

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Battle of Le Cateau

The Battle of Le Cateau was fought on 26 August 1914, after the British and French retreated from the Battle of Mons and had set up defensive positions in a fighting withdrawal against the German advance at Le Cateau-Cambrésis.

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Battle of Mons

The Battle of Mons was the first major action of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in the First World War.

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Battle of Moreuil Wood

The Battle of Moreuil Wood (30 March 1918) was an engagement of World War I that took place on the banks of the Arve River in France, where the Canadian Cavalry Brigade attacked and forced the German 23rd Saxon Division to withdraw from Moreuil Wood, a commanding position on the river bank.

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Battle of Neuve Chapelle

The Battle of Neuve Chapelle (10–13 March 1915) took place in the First World War.

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Battle of Omdurman

At the Battle of Omdurman (2 September 1898), an army commanded by the British General Sir Herbert Kitchener defeated the army of Abdullah al-Taashi, the successor to the self-proclaimed Mahdi, Muhammad Ahmad.

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Battle of Passchendaele

The Battle of Passchendaele (Flandernschlacht, Deuxième Bataille des Flandres), also known as the Third Battle of Ypres, was a campaign of the First World War, fought by the Allies against the German Empire.

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Battle of the Frontiers

The Battle of the Frontiers was a series of battles fought along the eastern frontier of France and in southern Belgium, shortly after the outbreak of the First World War.

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Battle of the Somme

The Battle of the Somme (Bataille de la Somme, Schlacht an der Somme), also known as the Somme Offensive, was a battle of the First World War fought by the armies of the British Empire and France against the German Empire.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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Beauchamp Duff

General Sir Beauchamp Duff (17 February 1855 – 20 January 1918) was a Scottish officer with a distinguished highly decorated military career in the British Indian Army, rising to political ranks ultimately serving as Commander-in-Chief of India during the First World War, he was one of the most senior general officers.

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany, as well as one of its 16 constituent states.

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Bloemfontein

Bloemfontein (Afrikaans and Dutch "fountain of flowers" or "blooming fountain"; also known as Bloem) is the capital city of the province of Free State of South Africa; and, as the judicial capital of the nation, one of South Africa's three national capitals (the other two being Cape Town, the legislative capital, and Pretoria, the administrative capital) and is the seventh largest city in South Africa.

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Bonar Law

Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 – 30 October 1923), commonly called Bonar Law, was a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1922 to 1923.

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Brasenose College, Oxford

Brasenose College (BNC), officially The King's Hall and College of Brasenose, is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom.

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British Army

The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of British Armed Forces.

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British Expeditionary Force (World War I)

The British Expeditionary Force (BEF) was the British Army sent to the Western Front during the First World War.

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British police strikes in 1918 and 1919

The Police Strikes of 1918 and 1919 in the United Kingdom resulted in the British government putting before Parliament its proposals for a Police Act, which established the Police Federation of England and Wales as the representative body for the police.

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British War Medal

The British War Medal is a campaign medal of the United Kingdom which was awarded to officers and men of British and Imperial forces for service in the First World War.

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Bruges

Bruges (Brugge; Bruges; Brügge) is the capital and largest city of the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium, in the northwest of the country.

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Brusilov Offensive

The Brusilov Offensive (Брусиловский прорыв Brusilovskiĭ proryv, literally: "Brusilov's breakthrough"), also known as the "June Advance", of June to September 1916 was the Russian Empire’s greatest feat of arms during World War I, and among the most lethal offensives in world history.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.

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Bullingdon Club

The Bullingdon Club is an exclusive all-male dining club for Oxford University undergraduates, though it is not officially recognised by that institution.

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Calais

Calais (Calés; Kales) is a city and major ferry port in northern France in the department of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sub-prefecture.

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Canadian Corps

The Canadian Corps was a World War I corps formed from the Canadian Expeditionary Force in September 1915 after the arrival of the 2nd Canadian Division in France.

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Canadian War Museum

The Canadian War Museum (CWM) (Musée canadien de la guerre) is Canada's national museum of military history.

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Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)

Captain (Capt) is a junior officer rank of the British Army and Royal Marines and in both services it ranks above lieutenant and below major with a NATO ranking code of OF-2.

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Chancellor of the University of St Andrews

The Chancellor of the University of St Andrews is the titular head of the University of St Andrews.

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Charleroi

Charleroi (Tchålerwè) is a city and a municipality of Wallonia, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

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Charles à Court Repington

Lieutenant Colonel Charles à Court Repington,, (29 January 1858 – 25 May 1925) known until 1903 as Charles à Court, was a British Army officer and later a war correspondent.

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Charles Lanrezac

Charles Lanrezac (31 July 1852 – 18 January 1925) was a French general, formerly a distinguished staff college lecturer, who commanded the French Fifth Army at the outbreak of the First World War.

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Charles Woollcombe

Lieutenant General Sir Charles Louis Woollcombe KCB KCMG (1857–1934) was a British Army General during World War I.

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Charlotte Square

Robert Adam's palace-fronted north side Charlotte Square is a garden square in Edinburgh, Scotland, part of the New Town, designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Chief of the General Staff (India)

The Chief of the General Staff, India was a senior military commander in India from 1904 to Indian Independence in 1947.

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Chinese Labour Corps

The Chinese Labour Corps (CLC; Corps de Travailleurs Chinois) was a force of workers recruited by the British government in World War I to free troops for front line duty by performing support work and manual labour.

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Chlorine

Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17.

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Christiaan de Wet

Christiaan Rudolf de Wet (7 October 1854 – 3 February 1922) was a Boer general, rebel leader and politician.

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Clarence Johnston

Rear Admiral Clarence "Johnny" Howard-Johnston (1903–1996) was a British admiral who specialised in anti-submarine warfare during the inter-war years.

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Claud Jacob

Field Marshal Sir Claud William Jacob, (21 November 1863 – 2 June 1948) was a British Indian Army officer.

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Clifton College

Clifton College is a co-educational independent school in the suburb of Clifton in the city of Bristol in South West England, founded in 1862.

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Club Atlético Douglas Haig

Club Atlético Douglas Haig is an Argentine football club from Pergamino, Buenos Aires Province.

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Colesberg

Colesberg is a town with 17,354 inhabitants in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, located on the main N1 road from Cape Town to Johannesburg.

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Colonel (United Kingdom)

Colonel (Col) is a rank of the British Army and Royal Marines, ranking below brigadier, and above lieutenant colonel.

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Color blindness

Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.

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Combined arms

Combined arms is an approach to warfare which seeks to integrate different combat arms of a military to achieve mutually complementary effects (for example, using infantry and armor in an urban environment, where one supports the other, or both support each other).

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Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces

Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces was a senior officer in the British Army during the First and Second World Wars.

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Commander-in-Chief, India

During the period of the British Raj, the Commander-in-Chief, India (often "Commander-in-Chief in or of India") was the supreme commander of the British Indian Army.

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Commonwealth War Graves Commission

The Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) is an intergovernmental organisation of six independent member states whose principal function is to mark, record and maintain the graves and places of commemoration of Commonwealth of Nations military service members who died in the two World Wars.

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County of Musgrave

The County of Musgrave is a cadastral unit in the Australian state of South Australia that covers land on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula.

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Croix de Guerre

The Croix de Guerre (Cross of War) is a military decoration of France.

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Croix de guerre (Belgium)

The Croix de guerre (French) or Oorlogskruis (Dutch), both literally translating as "War Cross", is a military decoration of the Kingdom of Belgium established by royal decree on 25 October 1915.

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Curragh incident

The Curragh incident of 20 March 1914, also known as the Curragh mutiny, occurred in the Curragh, County Kildare, Ireland.

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David Lloyd George

David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, (17 January 1863 – 26 March 1945) was a British statesman of the Liberal Party and the final Liberal to serve as Prime Minister.

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Delhi Durbar

The Delhi Durbar (दिल्ली दरबार, دہلی دربار), meaning "Court of Delhi", was an Indian imperial style mass assembly organised by the British at Coronation Park, Delhi, India, to mark the succession of an Emperor or Empress of India.

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Dictionary of National Biography

The Dictionary of National Biography (DNB) is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history, published from 1885.

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Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)

The Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) is a military award of the United States Army that is presented to any person who, while serving in any capacity with the United States military, has distinguished himself by exceptionally meritorious service to the Government in a duty of great responsibility.

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Doctor of Civil Law

Doctor of Civil Law (DCL; Doctor Civilis Legis) is a degree offered by some universities, such as the University of Oxford, instead of the more common Doctor of Laws (LLD) degrees.

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Doctor of Law

Doctor of Law or Doctor of Laws is a degree in law.

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Doullens Conference

The Doullens Conference was held in Doullens, France on March 26, 1918 between French and British military leaders.

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Dryburgh Abbey

Dryburgh Abbey, near Dryburgh on the banks of the River Tweed in the Scottish Borders, was nominally founded on 10 November (Martinmas) 1150 in an agreement between Hugh de Morville, Constable of Scotland, and the Premonstratensian canons regular from Alnwick Abbey in Northumberland.

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Dudley

Dudley is a large town in the county of West Midlands, England, south-east of Wolverhampton and north-west of Birmingham.

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Duff Cooper

Alfred Duff Cooper, 1st Viscount Norwich, (22 February 1890 – 1 January 1954), known as Duff Cooper, was a British Conservative Party politician, diplomat and author.

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Duncan Alwyn Macfarlane

Brigadier general Duncan Alwyn Macfarlane, (19 November 1857– 9 April 1941) was a British Army officer, most notably Colonel of the King's Own Scottish Borderers from 1928 to 1938.

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Dundee

Dundee (Dùn Dè) is Scotland's fourth-largest city and the 51st-most-populous built-up area in the United Kingdom.

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Earl Haig

Blazon Arms: Azure a Saltire between two Mullets in chief and base, a Decrescent and Increscent in fess Argent.

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Earl Haig Memorial

The Earl Haig Memorial is a bronze equestrian statue of the British Western Front commander Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig on Whitehall in Westminster.

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Earl Haig Secondary School

Earl Haig Secondary School is a public high school with a student body of about 2,800 students in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

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Eastern Front (World War I)

The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (Восточный фронт, Vostochnıy front, sometimes called the Second Fatherland War or Second Patriotic War (Вторая Отечественная война, Vtoraya Otechestvennaya voyna) in Russian sources) was a theatre of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between the Russian Empire and Romania on one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and the German Empire on the other. It stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, included most of Eastern Europe and stretched deep into Central Europe as well. The term contrasts with "Western Front", which was being fought in Belgium and France. During 1910, Russian General Yuri Danilov developed "Plan 19" under which four armies would invade East Prussia. This plan was criticised as Austria-Hungary could be a greater threat than the German Empire. So instead of four armies invading East Prussia, the Russians planned to send two armies to East Prussia, and two Armies to defend against Austro-Hungarian forces invading from Galicia. In the opening months of the war, the Imperial Russian Army attempted an invasion of eastern Prussia in the northwestern theater, only to be beaten back by the Germans after some initial success. At the same time, in the south, they successfully invaded Galicia, defeating the Austro-Hungarian forces there. In Russian Poland, the Germans failed to take Warsaw. But by 1915, the German and Austro-Hungarian armies were on the advance, dealing the Russians heavy casualties in Galicia and in Poland, forcing it to retreat. Grand Duke Nicholas was sacked from his position as the commander-in-chief and replaced by the Tsar himself. Several offensives against the Germans in 1916 failed, including Lake Naroch Offensive and the Baranovichi Offensive. However, General Aleksei Brusilov oversaw a highly successful operation against Austria-Hungary that became known as the Brusilov Offensive, which saw the Russian Army make large gains. The Kingdom of Romania entered the war in August 1916. The Entente promised the region of Transylvania (which was part of Austria-Hungary) in return for Romanian support. The Romanian Army invaded Transylvania and had initial successes, but was forced to stop and was pushed back by the Germans and Austro-Hungarians when Bulgaria attacked them in the south. Meanwhile, a revolution occurred in Russia in February 1917 (one of the several causes being the hardships of the war). Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and a Russian Provisional Government was founded, with Georgy Lvov as its first leader, who was eventually replaced by Alexander Kerensky. The newly formed Russian Republic continued to fight the war alongside Romania and the rest of the Entente until it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks in October 1917. Kerensky oversaw the July Offensive, which was largely a failure and caused a collapse in the Russian Army. The new government established by the Bolsheviks signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers, taking it out of the war and making large territorial concessions. Romania was also forced to surrender and signed a similar treaty, though both of the treaties were nullified with the surrender of the Central Powers in November 1918.

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Edinburgh

Edinburgh (Dùn Èideann; Edinburgh) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas.

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Edinburgh Collegiate School

Edinburgh Collegiate School was located at 27/28 Charlotte Square, Edinburgh.

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Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby

Field Marshal Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, (23 April 1861 – 14 May 1936) was an English soldier and British Imperial Governor.

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Edward VII

Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910.

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Egyptian Army

The Egyptian Army is the largest service branch within the Egyptian Armed Forces.

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Erich Ludendorff

Erich Friedrich Wilhelm Ludendorff (9 April 1865 – 20 December 1937) was a German general, the victor of the Battle of Liège and the Battle of Tannenberg.

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Evelyn Wood (British Army officer)

Field Marshal Sir Henry Evelyn Wood, (9 February 1838 – 2 December 1919) was a British Army officer.

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Ferdinand Foch

Marshal Ferdinand Jean Marie Foch (2 October 1851 – 20 March 1929) was a French general and military theorist who served as the Supreme Allied Commander during the First World War.

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Field marshal (United Kingdom)

Field Marshal has been the highest rank in the British Army since 1736.

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Fifth Army (France)

The Fifth Army was a famous fighting force that participated in World War I. Under its enthusiastic and offensive-minded commander, Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, it led the decisive attacks which resulted in the spectacular victory at the First Battle of the Marne in 1914.

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First Army (United Kingdom)

The First Army was a formation of the British Army that existed during the First and Second World Wars.

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First Battle of the Marne

The Battle of the Marne (Première bataille de la Marne, also known as the Miracle of the Marne, Le Miracle de la Marne) was a World War I battle fought from It resulted in an Allied victory against the German armies in the west.

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First Battle of Ypres

The First Battle of Ypres (Première Bataille des Flandres Erste Flandernschlacht, was a battle of the First World War, fought on the Western Front around Ypres, in West Flanders, Belgium, during October and November 1914.

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First day on the Somme

The first day on the Somme, 1 July 1916, was the opening day of the Battle of Albert the name given by the British to the first two weeks of the Battle of the Somme.

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First Sea Lord

The First Sea Lord and Chief of Naval Staff (1SL/CNS) is the professional head of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy and the whole Naval Service.

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Fog of war

The fog of war (Nebel des Krieges) is the uncertainty in situational awareness experienced by participants in military operations.

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Forêt de Mormal

The Forêt de Mormal (Forest of Mormal) is a forest in France, near the Franco-Belgian border.

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Gallipoli Campaign

The Gallipoli Campaign, also known as the Dardanelles Campaign, the Battle of Gallipoli, or the Battle of Çanakkale (Çanakkale Savaşı), was a campaign of the First World War that took place on the Gallipoli peninsula (Gelibolu in modern Turkey) in the Ottoman Empire between 17 February 1915 and 9 January 1916.

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Gary Sheffield (historian)

Gary D. Sheffield is an English academic at the University of Wolverhampton, specialising in military history.

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Gavin Astor, 2nd Baron Astor of Hever

Gavin Astor, 2nd Baron Astor of Hever (1 June 1918 – 28 June 1984), was an English soldier, publisher, peer, and member of the Astor family.

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GCR Class 9P

GCR Class 9P was a design of four-cylinder steam locomotive of the 4-6-0 wheel arrangement built for hauling express passenger trains on the Great Central Railway in England.

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General of the Armies

The General of the Armies of the United States, or more commonly referred to as General of the Armies (abbreviated as GAS), is the highest possible rank in the United States Army.

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General officer

A general officer is an officer of high rank in the army, and in some nations' air forces or marines.

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General officer commanding

The General Officer Commanding (GOC) is the usual title given in the armies of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth (and some other, such as in Ireland) nations to a General Officer who holds a command appointment.

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Geoffrey Palmer (actor)

Geoffrey Dyson Palmer, (born 4 June 1927) is an English actor known for his roles in British television sitcoms playing Jimmy Anderson in The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin (1976–79), Ben Parkinson in Butterflies (1978–83) and Lionel Hardcastle in As Time Goes By (1992–2005).

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George Haig, 2nd Earl Haig

George Alexander Eugene Douglas Haig, 2nd Earl Haig (15 March 1918 – 9 July 2009) was a British artist and peer who succeeded to the Earldom of Haig on 29 January 1928, at the age of nine, upon the death of his father, Field Marshal the 1st Earl Haig.

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George V

George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936.

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Georges Clemenceau

Georges Benjamin Clemenceau (28 September 1841 – 24 November 1929) was a French politician, physician, and journalist who was Prime Minister of France during the First World War.

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Ghent

Ghent (Gent; Gand) is a city and a municipality in the Flemish Region of Belgium.

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Glasgow

Glasgow (Glesga; Glaschu) is the largest city in Scotland, and third most populous in the United Kingdom.

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Gordon Corrigan

John Gordon Harvey Corrigan MBE (born 1942) is a former British soldier and historical writer and broadcaster.

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Great Britain

Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe.

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Great Central Railway

The Great Central Railway (GCR) in England came into being when the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway changed its name in 1897 in anticipation of the opening in 1899 of its London Extension (see Great Central Main Line).

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Great Contemporaries

Great Contemporaries is a collection of 25 short biographical essays about famous people, written by Winston Churchill.

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Great Retreat (Russian)

The Great Retreat was a strategic withdrawal from the Galicia-Poland salient conducted by the Imperial Russian Army during September 1915 in World War I. The Russians' critically under-equipped and (at the points of engagement) outnumbered forces suffered great losses in the Central Powers' July–September summer offensive operations, this leading to the Stavka ordering a withdrawal to shorten the front lines and avoid the potential encirclement of large Russian forces in the salient.

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H. H. Asquith

Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith, (12 September 1852 – 15 February 1928), generally known as H. H. Asquith, was a British statesman of the Liberal Party who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916.

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H. O. Arnold-Forster

Hugh Oakeley Arnold-Forster PC (19 August 1855 – 12 March 1909), known as H. O. Arnold-Forster, was a British politician and writer.

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Haig (whisky)

Haig, also known as Dimple, Dimple Pinch, or Haig's Pinch, is a brand of Scotch whisky, originally manufactured by John Haig & Co Ltd.

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Haig Avenue

Haig Avenue, currently known as the Merseyrail Community Stadium for sponsorship reasons, is a football stadium in Blowick, Southport, Merseyside, England, that holds 6,008 people (1,660 seated, 4,164 standing) Since its opening in 1905 it has been the home ground of Southport F.C.

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Haig Fund

The Haig Fund (more properly the Earl Haig Fund) is a charity set up in 1921 by Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig to assist ex-servicemen.

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Haig Homes

Haig Homes is a charity founded in 1928 to provide housing for ex-servicemen in the United Kingdom and the Channel Islands.

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Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baron Rawlinson

General Henry Seymour Rawlinson, 1st Baron Rawlinson, (20 February 1864 – 28 March 1925), known as Sir Henry Rawlinson, 2nd Baronet between 1895 and 1919, was a British First World War general best known for his roles in the Battle of the Somme of 1916 and the Battle of Amiens in 1918.

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Herbert Alexander Lawrence

General Sir Herbert Alexander Lawrence, (8 August 1861 – 17 January 1943) was a general in the British Army, a banker and a businessman.

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Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener

Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, (24 June 1850 – 5 June 1916), was a senior British Army officer and colonial administrator who won notoriety for his imperial campaigns, most especially his scorched earth policy against the Boers and his establishment of concentration camps during the Second Boer War, and later played a central role in the early part of the First World War.

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Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer

Field Marshal Herbert Charles Onslow Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer, (13 March 1857 – 16 July 1932) was a senior British Army officer of the First World War.

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Hindenburg Line

The Hindenburg Line (Siegfriedstellung or Siegfried Position) was a German defensive position of World War I, built during the winter of 1916–1917 on the Western Front, from Arras to Laffaux, near Soissons on the Aisne.

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History of the Great War

The History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Committee of Imperial Defence (abbreviated to History of the Great War or British Official History) is a series of concerning the war effort of the British state during the First World War.

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Honorary degree

An honorary degree, in Latin a degree honoris causa ("for the sake of the honor") or ad honorem ("to the honor"), is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived the usual requirements, such as matriculation, residence, a dissertation and the passing of comprehensive examinations.

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Horace Smith-Dorrien

General Sir Horace Lockwood Smith-Dorrien, (26 May 1858 – 12 August 1930) was a senior British Army officer.

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Hubert Gough

General Sir Hubert de la Poer Gough (12 August 1870 – 18 March 1963) was a senior officer in the British Army in the First World War.

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Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard

Marshal of the Royal Air Force Hugh Montague Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard, (3 February 1873 – 10 February 1956) was a British officer who was instrumental in establishing the Royal Air Force.

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Hugh Trevor-Roper

Hugh Redwald Trevor-Roper, Baron Dacre of Glanton, (15 January 1914 – 26 January 2003), was a British historian of early modern Britain and Nazi Germany.

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Hundred Days Offensive

The Hundred Days Offensive was the final period of the First World War, during which the Allies launched a series of offensives against the Central Powers on the Western Front from 8 August to 11 November 1918, beginning with the Battle of Amiens.

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Hussey Vivian, 3rd Baron Vivian

Hussey Crespigny Vivian, 3rd Baron Vivian (19 June 1834 – 21 October 1893) was a British diplomat from the Vivian family.

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I Corps (United Kingdom)

I Corps ("First Corps") was an army corps in existence as an active formation in the British Army for most of the 80 years from its creation in the First World War until the end of the Cold War, longer than any other corps.

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Ian Hamilton (British Army officer)

General Sir Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton, (16 January 1853 – 12 October 1947) was a senior officer in the British Army, who is most notable for commanding the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force during the Gallipoli Campaign.

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II Corps (United Kingdom)

II Corps was an army corps of the British Army formed in both the First World War and the Second World War.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Inspector general

An inspector general is an investigative official in a civil or military organization.

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Irene Astor, Baroness Astor of Hever

Irene Astor, Baroness Astor of Hever (7 October 1919 – 12 August 2001) was an English philanthropist and member of the Astor family.

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Irish Guards

The Irish Guards (IG), part of the Guards Division, is one of the Foot Guards regiments of the British Army and, together with the Royal Irish Regiment, it is one of the two Irish infantry regiments in the British Army.

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J. A. Spender

John Alfred Spender (23 December 1862 – 21 June 1942) was a British journalist and author.

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J. M. Barrie

Sir James Matthew Barrie, 1st Baronet, (9 May 1860 19 June 1937) was a Scottish novelist and playwright, best remembered today as the creator of Peter Pan.

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Jackson's Valley Campaign

Jackson's Valley Campaign was Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's spring 1862 campaign through the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia during the American Civil War.

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James Edward Edmonds

Brigadier General Sir James Edward Edmonds (25 December 1861 – 2 August 1956) was a British First World War officer of the Royal Engineers.

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James Grierson

Lieutenant-General Sir James Moncrieff Grierson, ADC(Gen.) (27 January 1859 – 17 August 1914) was a British soldier.

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Jan Smuts

Field Marshal Jan Christiaan Smuts (24 May 1870 11 September 1950) was a prominent South African and British Commonwealth statesman, military leader and philosopher.

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Joachim Murat

Joachim-Napoléon Murat (born Joachim Murat; Gioacchino Napoleone Murat; Joachim-Napoleon Murat; 25 March 1767 – 13 October 1815) was a Marshal of France and Admiral of France under the reign of Napoleon.

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John Asser

General Sir Joseph John Asser, (31 August 1867 – 4 February 1949) was a British Army officer.

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John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough

General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 O.S.) was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs.

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John Davidson (British Army officer)

Major-General Sir John Humphrey Davidson, (24 July 1876 – 11 December 1954), nicknamed "Tavish", was a British Army officer and Member of Parliament.

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John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher

John Arbuthnot Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher, (25 January 1841 – 10 July 1920), commonly known as Jacky or Jackie Fisher, was a British admiral known for his efforts at naval reform.

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John French, 1st Earl of Ypres

Field Marshal John Denton Pinkstone French, 1st Earl of Ypres, (28 September 1852 – 22 May 1925), known as Sir John French from 1901 to 1916, and as The Viscount French between 1916 and 1922, was a senior British Army officer.

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John Gough (VC)

Brigadier General Sir John Edmond Gough (25 October 1871 – 22 February 1915), known as Johnnie Gough, was a senior British Army officer and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

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John Grigg, 2nd Baron Altrincham

John Edward Poynder Grigg (15 April 1924 – 31 December 2001) was a British writer, historian and politician.

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John Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair

John Campbell Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair (3 August 1847 – 7 March 1934), known as The Earl of Aberdeen from 1870 to 1916, was a Scottish politician.

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John J. Pershing

General of the Armies John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing (September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948) was a senior United States Army officer.

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John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe

Admiral of the Fleet John Rushworth Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe, (5 December 1859 – 20 November 1935) was a Royal Navy officer.

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John Keegan

Sir John Desmond Patrick Keegan (15 May 1934 – 2 August 2012) was an English military historian, lecturer, writer and journalist.

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John Mills

Sir John Mills, (born Lewis Ernest Watts Mills, 22 February 190823 April 2005) was an English actor who appeared in more than 120 films in a career spanning seven decades.

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John Monash

General Sir John Monash, (27 June 1865 – 8 October 1931) was a civil engineer and an Australian military commander of the First World War.

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John of Bohemia

John the Blind (Jang de Blannen; Johann der Blinde von Luxemburg; Jan Lucemburský; 10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346) was the Count of Luxembourg from 1309 and King of Bohemia from 1310 and titular King of Poland.

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John Terraine

John Alfred Terraine (15 January 1921 – 28 December 2003) was an English military historian, and a TV screenwriter.

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Joseph Joffre

Marshal Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre (12 January 1852 – 3 January 1931), was a French general who served as Commander-in-Chief of French forces on the Western Front from the start of World War I until the end of 1916.

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Kates Hill

Kates Hill is a residential area in Dudley, West Midlands, England.

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Katong

Katong, also known as Tanjong Katong, is a residential neighbourhood in the eastern portion of the Central Region of Singapore, within Marine Parade planning area.

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Keith Murdoch

Sir Keith Arthur Murdoch (12 August 1885 – 4 October 1952) was an Australian journalist and the father of Rupert Murdoch, the current CEO and Chairman of News Corp.

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Khedivate of Egypt

The Khedivate of Egypt (خدیویت مصر) was an autonomous tributary state of the Ottoman Empire, established and ruled by the Muhammad Ali Dynasty following the defeat and expulsion of Napoleon Bonaparte's forces which brought an end to the short-lived French occupation of Lower Egypt.

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Khedive's Sudan Medal (1897)

The Khedive's Sudan Medal was a campaign medal awarded by the Khedivate of Egypt for service during the reconquest of the Sudan, the final part of the Mahdist War.

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King's Own Scottish Borderers

The King's Own Scottish Borderers was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Scottish Division.

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King's South Africa Medal

The King's South Africa Medal is a British campaign medal which was awarded to all British and Colonial military personnel who served in the Second Boer War in South Africa, who were in the theatre on or after 1 January 1902 and who had completed 18 months service in the conflict prior to 1 June 1902.

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Kingdom of Serbia

The Kingdom of Serbia (Краљевина Србија / Kraljevina Srbija), often rendered as Servia in English sources during the time of its existence, was created when Milan I, ruler of the Principality of Serbia, was proclaimed king in 1882.

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Kitchener's Army

The New Army, often referred to as Kitchener's Army or, disparagingly, as Kitchener's Mob, was an (initially) all-volunteer army of the British Army formed in the United Kingdom from 1914 onwards following the outbreak of hostilities in the First World War in late July 1914.

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Kortrijk

Kortrijk (in English also Courtrai or Courtray; official name in Dutch: Kortrijk,; West Flemish: Kortryk or Kortrik, Courtrai,; Cortoriacum) is a Belgian city and municipality in the Flemish province of West Flanders.

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Landrecies

Landrecies is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

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Launcelot Kiggell

Lieutenant General Sir Launcelot Edward Kiggell, (2 October 1862 – 23 February 1954) was a British Army officer who was Chief of General Staff for the British Armies in France under Sir Douglas Haig from late 1915 to 1918.

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Le Cateau-Cambrésis

Le Cateau-Cambrésis is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

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Leeds

Leeds is a city in the metropolitan borough of Leeds, in the county of West Yorkshire, England.

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Legion of Honour

The Legion of Honour, with its full name National Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), is the highest French order of merit for military and civil merits, established in 1802 by Napoléon Bonaparte and retained by all the divergent governments and regimes later holding power in France, up to the present.

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Les Carlyon

Leslie Allen "Les" Carlyon, is an Australian writer, who was born in northern Victoria in 1942.

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Lieutenant

A lieutenant (abbreviated Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a junior commissioned officer in the armed forces, fire services, police and other organizations of many nations.

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Lieutenant colonel

Lieutenant colonel is a rank of commissioned officer in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel.

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Lieutenant general

Lieutenant general, lieutenant-general and similar (abbrev Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries.

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Lions led by donkeys

"Lions led by donkeys" is a phrase popularly used to describe the British infantry of the First World War and to blame the generals who led them.

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List of Marshals of France

Marshal of France (Maréchal de France, plural Maréchaux de France) is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements.

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London

London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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London Scottish (regiment)

The London Scottish was a Volunteer infantry regiment of the British Army.

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London Waterloo station

Waterloo station, also known as London Waterloo, is a central London terminus on the National Rail network in the United Kingdom, located in the Waterloo area of the London Borough of Lambeth.

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Loos-en-Gohelle

Loos-en-Gohelle is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

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Mahdist War

The Mahdist War (الثورة المهدية ath-Thawra al-Mahdī; 1881–99) was a British colonial war of the late 19th century which was fought between the Mahdist Sudanese of the religious leader Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah, who had proclaimed himself the "Mahdi" of Islam (the "Guided One"), and the forces of the Khedivate of Egypt, initially, and later the forces of Britain.

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Major

Major is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world.

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Major general

Major general (abbreviated MG, Maj. Gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries.

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Major-general (United Kingdom)

Major general (Maj Gen), is a "two-star" rank in the British Army and Royal Marines.

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Marne

Marne is a department in north-eastern France named after the river Marne (Matrona in Roman times) which flows through the department.

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Maurice Debate

The Maurice Debate was a debate in the British House of Commons which took place on 9 May 1918, during the First World War.

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Maurice Hankey, 1st Baron Hankey

Maurice Pascal Alers Hankey, 1st Baron Hankey, (1 April 1877 – 26 January 1963) was a British civil servant who gained prominence as the first Cabinet Secretary and who later made the rare transition from the civil service to ministerial office.

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Max Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook

William Maxwell Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook, PC, ONB (25 May 1879 – 9 June 1964) was a Canadian-British newspaper publisher and backstage politician who was an influential figure in British media and politics of the first half of the 20th century.

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Max Hoffmann

Carl Adolf Maximilian Hoffmann (25 January 1869 – 8 July 1927) was a German military strategist.

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Maxim gun

The Maxim gun was a weapon invented by American-born British inventor Hiram Stevens Maxim in 1884: it was the first recoil-operated machine gun in production.

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Mentioned in dispatches

A member of the armed forces mentioned in dispatches (or despatches, MiD) is one whose name appears in an official report written by a superior officer and sent to the high command, in which his or her gallant or meritorious action in the face of the enemy is described.

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Merseyside

Merseyside is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1.38 million.

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Military history

Military history is a humanities discipline within the scope of general historical recording of armed conflict in the history of humanity, and its impact on the societies, their cultures, economies and changing local and international relationships.

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Military history of the United Kingdom

The military history of the United Kingdom covers the period from the creation of the united Kingdom of Great Britain, with the political union of England and Scotland in 1707, to the present day.

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Montreuil, Pas-de-Calais

Montreuil or Montreuil-sur-Mer is a sub-prefecture in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France.

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Myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle.

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Napoleon

Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Napoleonic Wars

The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European powers formed into various coalitions, financed and usually led by the United Kingdom.

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National Army Museum

The National Army Museum is the British Army's central museum.

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National Library of Scotland

The National Library of Scotland (Leabharlann Nàiseanta na h-Alba, Naitional Leebrar o Scotland) is the legal deposit library of Scotland and is one of the country's National Collections.

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Neuve-Chapelle

Neuve-Chapelle is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

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News Corporation

The original News Corporation or News Corp. was an American multinational mass media corporation headquartered in New York City.

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Nickname

A nickname is a substitute for the proper name of a familiar person, place, or thing, for affection or ridicule.

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Noël Coward

Sir Noël Peirce Coward (16 December 189926 March 1973) was an English playwright, composer, director, actor and singer, known for his wit, flamboyance, and what Time magazine called "a sense of personal style, a combination of cheek and chic, pose and poise".

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Officer (armed forces)

An officer is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority.

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Oh! What a Lovely War

Oh! What a Lovely War is a 1969 British comedy musical film directed by Richard Attenborough (in his directorial debut), with an ensemble cast including Maggie Smith, Dirk Bogarde, John Gielgud, John Mills, Kenneth More, Laurence Olivier, Jack Hawkins, Corin Redgrave, Michael Redgrave, Vanessa Redgrave, Ralph Richardson, Ian Holm, Paul Shelley, Malcolm McFee, Jean-Pierre Cassel, Nanette Newman, Edward Fox, Susannah York, John Clements, Phyllis Calvert and Maurice Roëves.

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On the Psychology of Military Incompetence

On The Psychology of Military Incompetence is a work by Norman F. Dixon, first published in 1976, which applies insights from psychology to military history.

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Order of Karađorđe's Star

The Order of Karađorđe's Star (italic) is Serbia's highest civilian and military decoration.

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Order of Leopold (Belgium)

The Order of Leopold (Leopoldsorde, Ordre de Léopold) is one of the three current Belgian national honorary orders of knighthood.

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Order of Merit

The Order of Merit (Ordre du Mérite) is an order of merit recognising distinguished service in the armed forces, science, art, literature, or for the promotion of culture.

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Order of Michael the Brave

The Order of Michael the Brave (Ordinul Mihai Viteazul) is Romania's highest military decoration, instituted by King Ferdinand I during the early stages of the Romanian Campaign of the First World War, and was again awarded in the Second World War.

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Order of Prince Danilo I

The Order of Prince Danilo I of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Орден Књаза Данила I, Orden Knjaza Danila I) was an order of the Principality, and later Kingdom, of Montenegro.

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Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus

The Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (Ordine dei Santi Maurizio e Lazzaro) is a Roman Catholic dynastic order of knighthood bestowed by the House of Savoy, founded in 1572 by Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, through amalgamation approved by Pope Gregory XIII of the Order of Saint Maurice, founded in 1434, with the medieval Order of Saint Lazarus, founded circa 1119, considered its sole legitimate successor.

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Order of St. George

The Order of Saint George (Орден «Святого Георгия») is today the highest purely military decoration of the Russian Federation.

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Order of the Bath

The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath) is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725.

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Order of the Indian Empire

The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria in 1878.

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Order of the Rising Sun

The is a Japanese order, established in 1875 by Emperor Meiji of Japan.

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Order of the Thistle

The Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle is an order of chivalry associated with Scotland.

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Oxford

Oxford is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire.

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Oxford University Polo Club

The Oxford University Polo Club (often referred to as OUPC) is the Discretionary Full Blue sports club for competitive polo at Oxford University.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.

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Paul Fussell

Paul Fussell, Jr. (22 March 1924 – 23 May 2012) was an American cultural and literary historian, author and university professor.

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Percy Lake

Lieutenant-General Sir Percy Henry Noel Lake (29 June 1855 – 17 November 1940) was a senior commander of the British Indian Army, serving during World War I, and a Canadian soldier.

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Philip Sassoon

Sir Philip Albert Gustave David Sassoon, 3rd Baronet, (4 December 1888 – 3 June 1939) was a British politician, art collector and social host, entertaining many celebrity guests at his homes, Port Lympne Mansion, Kent, and Trent Park, Hertfordshire, England.

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Philippe Pétain

Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph Pétain (24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951), generally known as Philippe Pétain or Marshal Pétain (Maréchal Pétain), was a French general officer who attained the position of Marshal of France at the end of World War I, during which he became known as The Lion of Verdun, and in World War II served as the Chief of State of Vichy France from 1940 to 1944.

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Pierre Berton

Pierre Francis de Marigny Berton (July 12, 1920 – November 30, 2004) was a noted Canadian author of non-fiction, especially Canadiana and Canadian history, and was a television personality and journalist.

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Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the United Kingdom government.

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Public housing in the United Kingdom

Public housing in the United Kingdom provided the majority of rented accommodation in the country until 2011.

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Queen's South Africa Medal

The Queen's South Africa Medal is a British campaign medal which was awarded to British and Colonial military personnel, civilians employed in official capacity and war correspondents who served in the Second Boer War in South Africa.

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Queen's Sudan Medal

The Queen's Sudan Medal was authorised in March 1899 and awarded to British and Egyptian forces which took part in the Sudan campaign between June 1896 and September 1898.

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Race to the Sea

The Race to the Sea took place from about 1914, after the Battle of the Frontiers and the German advance into France, which had been stopped at the First Battle of the Marne and was followed by the First Battle of the Aisne a Franco-British counter-offensive.

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Railway Correspondence and Travel Society

The Railway Correspondence and Travel Society (RCTS) is a national society founded in Cheltenham, UK in 1928 to bring together those interested in rail transport and locomotives.

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Rawalpindi Parade 1905

The Rawalpindi Parade 1905 was a parade by the British Indian Army held in Rawalpindi, India on 8 December 1905 to honour the Prince and Princess of Wales.

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Rector of the University of St Andrews

The Lord Rector of the University of St Andrews is the president of the University Court of the University of St Andrews; the University Court is the supreme governing body of the University.

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Redvers Buller

General Sir Redvers Henry Buller, (7 December 1839 – 2 June 1908) was a British Army officer and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

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Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane

Richard Burdon Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane, (30 July 1856 – 19 August 1928) was an influential Scottish Liberal and later Labour imperialist politician, lawyer and philosopher.

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Robert George Broadwood

Lieutenant General Robert George Broadwood, CB (1862 – 21 June 1917) was Commander of British Troops in South China.

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Robert Nivelle

Robert Georges Nivelle (15 October 1856 – 22 March 1924) was a French artillery officer who served in the Boxer Rebellion, and the First World War.

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Role of Douglas Haig in 1918

This article is about the role of Douglas Haig in 1918.

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Royal Air Force

The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force.

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Royal Army Dental Corps

The Royal Army Dental Corps (RADC) is a specialist corps in the British Army that provides oral hygiene services to British Army personnel and their families in war and in peace.

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Royal Artillery

The Royal Regiment of Artillery, commonly referred to as the Royal Artillery (RA) and colloquially known as "The Gunners", is the artillery arm of the British Army.

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Royal Flying Corps

The Royal Flying Corps (RFC) was the air arm of the British Army before and during the First World War, until it merged with the Royal Naval Air Service on 1 April 1918 to form the Royal Air Force.

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Royal Horse Guards

The Royal Regiment of Horse Guards (The Blues) (RHG) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army, part of the Household Cavalry.

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Royal Military Academy Sandhurst

The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS or RMA Sandhurst), commonly known simply as Sandhurst, is one of several military academies of the United Kingdom and is the British Army's initial officer training centre.

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Royal Military College, Sandhurst

The Royal Military College (RMC), founded in 1801 and established in 1802 at Great Marlow and High Wycombe in Buckinghamshire, England, but moved in October 1812 to Sandhurst, Berkshire, was a British Army military academy for training infantry and cavalry officers of the British and Indian Armies.

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Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.

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Royal Small Arms Factory

The Royal Small Arms Factory (RSAF) was a UK government-owned rifle factory in the London Borough of Enfield in an area generally known as the Lea Valley.

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Royal Tank Regiment

The Royal Tank Regiment (RTR) is the oldest tank unit in the world, being formed by the British Army in 1916 during the Great War.

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Royal Victorian Order

The Royal Victorian Order (Ordre royal de Victoria) is a dynastic order of knighthood established in 1896 by Queen Victoria.

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Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan

Field Marshal Frederick Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan, (16 October 1865 – 28 August 1946), known as Viscount Kilcoursie from 1887 until 1900, was a British Army officer and Chief of the Imperial General Staff.

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Rupert Murdoch

Keith Rupert Murdoch, (born 11 March 1931) is an Australian-born American media mogul.

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Russian Revolution

The Russian Revolution was a pair of revolutions in Russia in 1917 which dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the rise of the Soviet Union.

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Russo-Japanese War

The Russo–Japanese War (Russko-yaponskaya voina; Nichirosensō; 1904–05) was fought between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and Korea.

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Saint-Omer

Saint-Omer (Sint-Omaars) is a commune in France.

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Second Battle of the Marne

The Second Battle of the Marne (Seconde Bataille de la Marne), or Battle of Reims (15 July – 6 August 1918) was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during the First World War.

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Second Boer War

The Second Boer War (11 October 1899 – 31 May 1902) was fought between the British Empire and two Boer states, the South African Republic (Republic of Transvaal) and the Orange Free State, over the Empire's influence in South Africa.

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Secretary of State for War

The position of Secretary of State for War, commonly called War Secretary, was a British cabinet-level position, first held by Henry Dundas (appointed in 1794).

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Seine

The Seine (La Seine) is a river and an important commercial waterway within the Paris Basin in the north of France.

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Shell Crisis of 1915

The Shell Crisis of 1915 was a shortage of artillery shells on the front lines of World War I that led to a political crisis in Britain.

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Siege of Kimberley

The Siege of Kimberley took place during the Second Boer War at Kimberley, Cape Colony (present-day South Africa), when Boer forces from the Orange Free State and the Transvaal besieged the diamond mining town.

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Siege of Ladysmith

The Siege of Ladysmith was a protracted engagement in the Second Boer War, taking place between 2 November 1899 and 28 February 1900 at Ladysmith, Natal.

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Sir Charles Monro, 1st Baronet

General Sir Charles Carmichael Monro, 1st Baronet, (15 June 1860 – 7 December 1929) was a senior British Army officer who served during the Second Boer War and the First World War and became Commander-in-Chief, India for the latter part of the conflict.

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Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet

Field Marshal Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet, (5 May 1864 – 22 June 1922) was one of the most senior British Army staff officers of the First World War and was briefly an Irish unionist politician.

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Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet

Field Marshal Sir William Robert Robertson, 1st Baronet, (29 January 1860 – 12 February 1933) was a British Army officer who served as Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS) – the professional head of the British Army – from 1916 to 1918 during the First World War.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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Southport

Southport is a large seaside town in Merseyside, England.

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Southport F.C.

Southport Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Blowick, Southport, Merseyside.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Spring Offensive

The 1918 Spring Offensive, or Kaiserschlacht (Kaiser's Battle), also known as the Ludendorff Offensive, was a series of German attacks along the Western Front during the First World War, beginning on 21 March 1918, which marked the deepest advances by either side since 1914.

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St Columba's Church, London

St Columba's Church is one of the two London congregations of the Church of Scotland.

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St Giles' Cathedral

St Giles' Cathedral, also known as the High Kirk of Edinburgh, is the principal place of worship of the Church of Scotland in Edinburgh.

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Staff College, Camberley

Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, was a staff college for the British Army and the presidency armies of British India (later merged to form the Indian Army).

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Stirling

Stirling (Stirlin; Sruighlea) is a city in central Scotland.

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Stonewall Jackson

Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (January 21, 1824 – May 10, 1863) served as a Confederate general (1861–1863) during the American Civil War, and became one of the best-known Confederate commanders after General Robert E. Lee.

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Stormtrooper

Stormtroopers were specialist soldiers of the German Army in World War I. In the last years of the war, Stoßtruppen ("shock troops" or "thrust troops") were trained to fight with "infiltration tactics", part of the Germans' new method of attack on enemy trenches.

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The Great War and Modern Memory

The Great War and Modern Memory is a book of literary criticism written by Paul Fussell and published in 1975 by Oxford University Press.

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The National Archives (United Kingdom)

The National Archives (TNA) is a non-ministerial government department.

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The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews

The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews is the oldest and most prestigious golf club in the world.

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The Royal British Legion

The Royal British Legion (RBL), sometimes called The British Legion or The Legion, is a British charity providing financial, social and emotional support to members and veterans of the British Armed Forces, their families and dependants.

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The Unknown Warrior

The British grave of The Unknown Warrior (often known as 'The Tomb of The Unknown Warrior') holds an unidentified British soldier killed on a European battlefield during the First World War.

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The Westminster Gazette

The Westminster Gazette was an influential Liberal newspaper based in London.

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Third Army (United Kingdom)

The Third Army was a field army of the British Army during World War I that saw active service on the Western Front throughout the war.

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Thomas Cooke (British Army officer)

General Thomas Arthur Cooke, CVO (1841–1912) was a British General whose career spanned the 19th and 20th centuries.

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Toothache

Toothache, also known as dental pain,Segen JC.

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Toronto

Toronto is the capital city of the province of Ontario and the largest city in Canada by population, with 2,731,571 residents in 2016.

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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between the new Bolshevik government of Soviet Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I. The treaty was signed at Brest-Litovsk (Brześć Litewski; since 1945 Brest), after two months of negotiations.

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Tulip

Tulips (Tulipa) form a genus of spring-blooming perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes (having bulbs as storage organs).

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United Kingdom general election, 1918

The 1918 United Kingdom general election was called immediately after the Armistice with Germany which ended the First World War, and was held on Saturday 14 December 1918.

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United Kingdom general election, 1922

The 1922 United Kingdom general election was held on Wednesday 15 November 1922.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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University

A university (universitas, "a whole") is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in various academic disciplines.

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University of Aberdeen

The University of Aberdeen is a public research university in Aberdeen, Scotland.

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University of Dundee

The University of Dundee (abbreviated as Dund. for post-nominals) is a public research university based in the city and royal burgh of Dundee on the east coast of the central Lowlands of Scotland.

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University of Edinburgh

The University of Edinburgh (abbreviated as Edin. in post-nominals), founded in 1582, is the sixth oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's ancient universities.

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University of Glasgow

The University of Glasgow (Oilthigh Ghlaschu; Universitas Glasguensis; abbreviated as Glas. in post-nominals) is the fourth-oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's four ancient universities.

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University of Leeds

The University of Leeds is a Russell Group university in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.

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University of Oxford

The University of Oxford (formally The Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford) is a collegiate research university located in Oxford, England.

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University of St Andrews

The University of St Andrews (informally known as St Andrews University or simply St Andrews; abbreviated as St And, from the Latin Sancti Andreae, in post-nominals) is a British public research university in St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.

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Victory Medal (United Kingdom)

The Victory Medal (also called the Inter-Allied Victory Medal) is a United Kingdom and British Empire First World War campaign medal.

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Viscount

A viscount (for male) or viscountess (for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status.

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War Office

The War Office was a department of the British Government responsible for the administration of the British Army between 1857 and 1964, when its functions were transferred to the Ministry of Defence.

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Warwickshire

Warwickshire (abbreviated Warks) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands of England.

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West Midlands (county)

The West Midlands is a metropolitan county and city region in western-central England with a 2014 estimated population of 2,808,356, making it the second most populous county in England.

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Western Front (World War I)

The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War.

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Westminster Abbey

Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London, England, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster.

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Whitehall

Whitehall is a road in the City of Westminster, Central London, which forms the first part of the A3212 road from Trafalgar Square to Chelsea.

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Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.

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Wolverhampton

Wolverhampton is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England.

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Worcestershire

Worcestershire (written abbreviation: Worcs) is a county in the West Midlands of England.

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Worcestershire Regiment

The Worcestershire Regiment was a line infantry regiment in the British Army, formed in 1881 under the Childers Reforms by the amalgamation of the 29th (Worcestershire) Regiment of Foot and the 36th (Herefordshire) Regiment of Foot.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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XI Corps (United Kingdom)

XI Corps was a corps-sized formation of the British Army, active during the Great War that served on the Western Front and in Italy.

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Zeebrugge

Zeebrugge (from: Brugge aan zee meaning "Bruges on Sea", Zeebruges) is a village on the coast of Belgium and a subdivision of Bruges, for which it is the modern port.

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10 Downing Street

10 Downing Street, colloquially known in the United Kingdom as Number 10, is the headquarters of the Government of the United Kingdom and the official residence and office of the First Lord of the Treasury, a post which, for much of the 18th and 19th centuries and invariably since 1905, has been held by the Prime Minister.

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17th Lancers

The 17th Lancers (Duke of Cambridge's Own) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1759 and notable for its participation in the Charge of the Light Brigade during the Crimean War.

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17th/21st Lancers

The 17th/21st Lancers was a cavalry regiment of the British Army.

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1914 Star

The 1914 Star, colloquially known as the Mons Star, is a British World War I campaign medal for service in France or Belgium between 5 August and 22 November 1914.

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1st Cavalry Brigade (United Kingdom)

The 1st Cavalry Brigade was a brigade of the British Army.

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21st Division (United Kingdom)

The 21st Division was an infantry division of the British Army during World War I, raised in September 1914 by men volunteering for Lord Kitchener's New Armies.

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24th Division (United Kingdom)

The 24th Division was an infantry division of the British Army during World War I, raised in September 1914 from men volunteering for Lord Kitchener's New Armies during the First World War.

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4-6-0

Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, represents the configuration of four leading wheels on two axles in a leading bogie, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and no trailing wheels.

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7th Queen's Own Hussars

The 7th Queen's Own Hussars was a cavalry regiment in the British Army, first formed in 1690.

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Redirects here:

Butcher Haig, Butcher of the Somme, Doug Haig, Douglas Haig, Douglas Haig, 1st Earl, Viscount Dawick, Baron Haig of Bemersyde Haig, Douglas, 1st Earl Haig Haig, Field Marshal Haig, Field Marshall Haig, Field marshal hague, Field marshall hague, General Sir Douglas Haig, Haig, Douglas, Haig, Douglas, 1st Earl Haig, Master of the Field, Sir Douglas Haig.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Haig,_1st_Earl_Haig

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