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238 relations: Abscess, Alfonso IX of León, Alice Perrers, Anglicisation, Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373, Antwerp, Archbishop of Canterbury, Auld Alliance, Avignon, Avignon Papacy, Bad Parliament, Baron, Battle of Auberoche, Battle of Caen (1346), Battle of Crécy, Battle of Dupplin Moor, Battle of Halidon Hill, Battle of Neville's Cross, Battle of Poitiers, Battle of Sluys, Battle of Stanhope Park, Bayonne, Beatrice of Savoy, Berengaria of Castile, Berkshire, Bertrand du Guesclin, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Bicameralism, Bishop's Waltham, Black Death, Black Death in England, Blanche of Artois, Blanche of Lancaster, Bordeaux, Caen, Calais, Capetian dynasty, Charles I of England, Charles IV of France, Charles V of France, Charles, Count of Valois, Constance of Castile, Duchess of Lancaster, Count of Ponthieu, County of Flanders, Crécy-en-Ponthieu, Crown Estate, David II of Scotland, De facto, Deposition (politics), ..., Duchy of Aquitaine, Duke, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Beaufort, Earl, Earl of Bedford, Earl of Chester, Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March, Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, Edward Balliol, Edward I of England, Edward II of England, Edward the Black Prince, Eleanor de Bohun, Eleanor of Castile, Eleanor of Provence, Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster, England in the Middle Ages, English Channel, English claims to the French throne, Enguerrand VII, Lord of Coucy, Favourite, Felony, Ferdinand III of Castile, First War of Scottish Independence, Florence, Florin, Froissart's Chronicles, Galley, Garter (stockings), Geoffrey Chaucer, Ghent, Good Parliament, Grand Constable of France, Hampshire, Hatfield, South Yorkshire, Henry de Stratford, Henry I of Navarre, Henry III of England, Henry IV of England, Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, Henry V of England, Henry VIII of England, Hertfordshire, History of Christianity in Britain, History of the Royal Navy, Holy Roman Empire, Homage (feudal), Honi soit qui mal y pense, House of Commons of England, House of Lords, House of Plantagenet, Hugh Despenser the Younger, Hundred Years' War, Ian Mortimer (historian), Impeachment, Institute of Historical Research, Internet History Sourcebooks Project, Invasion of England (1326), Isabella of Angoulême, Isabella of Aragon, Queen of France, Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York, Isabella of France, Isabella, Countess of Bedford, James I of Aragon, James I, Count of La Marche, Jean Froissart, Joan Holland, Joan I of Navarre, Joan of England (1335–1348), Joan of Kent, Joan of Valois, Countess of Hainaut, Joan, Countess of Ponthieu, John de Stratford, John Gower, John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, John II of France, John IV, Duke of Brittany, John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby, John of Gaunt, John, King of England, Justice of the peace, K. B. McFarlane, Katherine Swynford, King Arthur, Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, Kings Langley, Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, List of English monarchs, List of Speakers of the House of Commons of England, London, Lord Chamberlain, Lord Chancellor, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, Lord High Treasurer, Lord Privy Seal, Lord Steward, Lordship of Ireland, Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Louis IX of France, Louis X of France, Loyola Law School, Magnate, Maltolt, María de Padilla, Margaret of Bourbon, Queen of Navarre, Margaret of Provence, Margaret, Countess of Pembroke, Marie, Countess of Ponthieu, Mary of Waltham, Matilda of Brabant, Countess of Artois, May McKisack, Nicholas A. M. Rodger, Norman Cantor, Norman conquest of England, Normandy, Normans in Ireland, Nottingham Castle, Order of the Garter, Ordinance of Labourers 1349, Oxfordshire, Parliament of 1327, Parliament of England, Patronage, Peasants' Revolt, Peter of Castile, Petition, Philip III of France, Philip IV of France, Philip the Bold, Philip V of France, Philip VI of France, Philippa of Hainault, Pleading in English Act 1362, Polydore Vergil, Ponthieu, Praemunire, Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence, Richard I of England, Richard II of England, Richmond Palace, Richmond, London, Robert de Crull, Robert de Stratford, Robert I, Count of Artois, Robert of Namur (1323–91), Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, Round Table, Siege of Calais (1346–1347), Simon, Count of Ponthieu, Somme (river), Statute of Labourers 1351, Statute of Provisors, Statute of the Staple, Statutes of Kilkenny, Style of the British sovereign, Supply and demand, Tax, Teleology, The Canterbury Tales, The English Historical Review, The Story of Civilization, Theobald I of Navarre, Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, Tower of London, Treason Act 1351, Treaty of Brétigny, Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton, Violant of Hungary, Violante Visconti, War of the Breton Succession, Wars of the Roses, Westminster Abbey, Whig history, William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, William de Clinton, 1st Earl of Huntingdon, William de Shareshull, William Edington, William Langland, William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer, William Montagu, 1st Earl of Salisbury, William of Wykeham, William Stubbs, Windsor Castle, Woodstock Palace, York Minster. 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Abscess
An abscess is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body.
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Alfonso IX of León
Alfonso IX (15 August 117123 or 24 September 1230) was king of León and Galicia from the death of his father Ferdinand II in 1188 until his own death.
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Alice Perrers
Alice Perrers (1348–1400) was a fourteenth-century English royal mistress whose lover and patron was King Edward III of England.
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Anglicisation
Anglicisation (or anglicization, see English spelling differences), occasionally anglification, anglifying, englishing, refers to modifications made to foreign words, names and phrases to make them easier to spell, pronounce, or understand in English.
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Anglo-Portuguese Alliance
The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance (or Aliança Luso-Britânica, "Luso-British Alliance", also known in Portugal as Aliança Inglesa, "English Alliance"), ratified at the Treaty of Windsor in 1386, between England (succeeded by the United Kingdom) and Portugal, is the oldest alliance in the world that is still in force – with the earliest treaty dating back to the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373.
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Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373
The Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373 was signed on 16 June 1373 between King Edward III of England and King Ferdinand and Queen Eleanor of Portugal.
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Antwerp
Antwerp (Antwerpen, Anvers) is a city in Belgium, and is the capital of Antwerp province in Flanders.
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Archbishop of Canterbury
The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury.
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Auld Alliance
The Auld Alliance (Scots for "Old Alliance") was an alliance made in 1295 between the kingdoms of Scotland and France.
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Avignon
Avignon (Avenio; Provençal: Avignoun, Avinhon) is a commune in south-eastern France in the department of Vaucluse on the left bank of the Rhône river.
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Avignon Papacy
The Avignon Papacy was the period from 1309 to 1376 during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon (then in the Kingdom of Arles, part of the Holy Roman Empire, now in France) rather than in Rome.
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Bad Parliament
The Bad Parliament sat in England between 27 January and 2 March 1377.
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Baron
Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often hereditary.
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Battle of Auberoche
The Battle of Auberoche was a significant action between English and French forces during the early stages of the Hundred Years War.
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Battle of Caen (1346)
The Battle of Caen in 1346 was a running battle through the streets of the Norman city during the English invasion of Normandy under King Edward III in July of that year.
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Battle of Crécy
The Battle of Crécy (26 August 1346), also spelled Cressy, was an English victory during the Edwardian phase of the Hundred Years' War.
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Battle of Dupplin Moor
The Battle of Dupplin Moor was fought between supporters of the infant David II, the son of Robert the Bruce, and rebels supporting the Balliol claim in 1332.
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Battle of Halidon Hill
The Battle of Halidon Hill (19 July 1333) was fought during the Second War of Scottish Independence.
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Battle of Neville's Cross
The Battle of Neville's Cross took place less than half a mile to the west of Durham, England, on 17 October 1346, within sight of the Cathedral.
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Battle of Poitiers
The Battle of Poitiers was fought on 19 September 1356 in Nouaillé, near the city of Poitiers in Aquitaine, western France.
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Battle of Sluys
The Battle of Sluys, also called the Battle of l'Ecluse, was a sea battle fought on 24 June 1340 between England and France, in the port of Sluis (French Écluse), on the inlet between West Flanders and Zeeland.
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Battle of Stanhope Park
The Battle of Stanhope Park, part of the First War of Scottish Independence, took place during the night of 3–4 August 1327.
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Bayonne
Bayonne (Gascon: Baiona; Baiona; Bayona) is a city and commune and one of the two sub-prefectures of the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.
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Beatrice of Savoy
Beatrice of Savoy (c. 1198 – c. 1267) was the daughter of Thomas I of Savoy and Margaret of Geneva.
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Berengaria of Castile
Berengaria (Castilian: Berenguela; nicknamed the Great (Castilian: la Grande); 1179 or 1180 – 8 November 1246) was queen regnant of Castile in 1217 and queen consort of León from 1197 to 1204.
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Berkshire
Berkshire (abbreviated Berks, in the 17th century sometimes spelled Barkeshire as it is pronounced) is a county in south east England, west of London and is one of the home counties.
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Bertrand du Guesclin
Bertrand du Guesclin (c. 1320 – 13 July 1380), nicknamed "The Eagle of Brittany" or "The Black Dog of Brocéliande", was a Breton knight and French military commander during the Hundred Years' War.
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Berwick-upon-Tweed
Berwick-upon-Tweed (Sooth Berwick, Bearaig a Deas) is a town in the county of Northumberland.
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Bicameralism
A bicameral legislature divides the legislators into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses.
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Bishop's Waltham
Bishop's Waltham is a medieval market town situated at the source of the River Hamble in Hampshire, England.
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Black Death
The Black Death, also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or simply the Plague, was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351.
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Black Death in England
The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic, which reached England in June 1348.
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Blanche of Artois
Blanche of Artois (Blanka; 1248 – 2 May 1302) was a member of the Capetian House of Artois who, as queen dowager, held regency over the Kingdom of Navarre and the County of Champagne.
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Blanche of Lancaster
Blanche of Lancaster (25 March 1345/1347 – 12 September 1368) was a member of the English royal House of Plantagenet and the daughter of the kingdom's wealthiest and most powerful peer, Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster.
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Bordeaux
Bordeaux (Gascon Occitan: Bordèu) is a port city on the Garonne in the Gironde department in Southwestern France.
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Caen
Caen (Norman: Kaem) is a commune in northwestern France.
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Calais
Calais (Calés; Kales) is a city and major ferry port in northern France in the department of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sub-prefecture.
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Capetian dynasty
The Capetian dynasty, also known as the House of France, is a dynasty of Frankish origin, founded by Hugh Capet.
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Charles I of England
Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.
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Charles IV of France
Charles IVIn the standard numbering of French Kings, which dates to the reign of Charlemagne, he is actually the fifth such king to rule France, following Charlemagne (Charles the Great), Charles the Bald, Charles the Fat, and Charles the Simple.
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Charles V of France
Charles V (21 January 1338 – 16 September 1380), called "the Wise" (le Sage; Sapiens), was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1364 to his death.
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Charles, Count of Valois
Charles of Valois (12 March 1270 – 16 December 1325), the third son of Philip III of France and Isabella of Aragon, was a member of the House of Capet and founder of the House of Valois, whose rule over France would start in 1328.
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Constance of Castile, Duchess of Lancaster
Constance of Castile (1354 – 24 March 1394) was claimant of the Castilian throne after the death of her father Peter, King of Castile and León, also known as Peter the Cruel.
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Count of Ponthieu
The County of Ponthieu, centered on the mouth of the Somme, became a member of the Norman group of vassal states when Count Guy submitted to William of Normandy after the battle of Mortemer.
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County of Flanders
The County of Flanders (Graafschap Vlaanderen, Comté de Flandre) was a historic territory in the Low Countries.
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Crécy-en-Ponthieu
Crécy-en-Ponthieu, known in archaic English as Cressy, is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France, located south of Calais.
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Crown Estate
The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole, making it the "Sovereign's public estate", which is neither government property nor part of the monarch's private estate.
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David II of Scotland
David II (Medieval Gaelic: Daibhidh a Briuis, Modern Gaelic: Dàibhidh Bruis; Norman French: Dauid de Brus, Early Scots: Dauid Brus; 5 March 132422 February 1371) was King of Scots for over 41 years, from 1329 until his death in 1371.
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De facto
In law and government, de facto (or;, "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, even if not legally recognised by official laws.
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Deposition (politics)
Deposition by political means concerns the removal of a politician or monarch.
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Duchy of Aquitaine
The Duchy of Aquitaine (Ducat d'Aquitània,, Duché d'Aquitaine) was a historical fiefdom in western, central and southern areas of present-day France to the south of the Loire River, although its extent, as well as its name, fluctuated greatly over the centuries, at times comprising much of what is now southwestern France (Gascony) and central France.
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Duke
A duke (male) or duchess (female) can either be a monarch ruling over a duchy or a member of royalty or nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch.
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Duke of Aquitaine
The Duke of Aquitaine (Duc d'Aquitània, Duc d'Aquitaine) was the ruler of the ancient region of Aquitaine (not to be confused with modern-day Aquitaine) under the supremacy of Frankish, English, and later French kings.
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Duke of Beaufort
Duke of Beaufort, a title in the Peerage of England, was created by Charles II in 1682 for Henry Somerset, 3rd Marquess of Worcester, a descendant of Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester, legitimized son of Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset, a Lancastrian leader in the Wars of the Roses.
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Earl
An earl is a member of the nobility.
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Earl of Bedford
Earl of Bedford is a title that has been created three times in the Peerage of England and is currently a subsidiary title of the Dukes of Bedford.
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Earl of Chester
The Earldom of Chester (Welsh: Iarll Caer) was one of the most powerful earldoms in medieval England, extending principally over the counties of Cheshire and Flintshire.
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Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March
Edmund de Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March and jure uxoris Earl of Ulster (1 February 1352 – 27 December 1381) was son of Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, by his wife Philippa, daughter of William Montagu, 1st Earl of Salisbury and Catherine Grandison.
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Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York
Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, KG (5 June 1341 – 1 August 1402) was the fourth surviving son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault.
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Edward Balliol
Edward Balliol (1283 – 1367) was a pretender to the Scottish throne (1314–1356).
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Edward I of England
Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots (Malleus Scotorum), was King of England from 1272 to 1307.
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Edward II of England
Edward II (25 April 1284 – 21 September 1327), also called Edward of Carnarvon, was King of England from 1307 until he was deposed in January 1327.
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Edward the Black Prince
Edward of Woodstock, known as the Black Prince (15 June 1330 – 8 June 1376), was the eldest son of Edward III, King of England, and Philippa of Hainault and participated in the early years of the Hundred Years War.
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Eleanor de Bohun
Lady Eleanor de Bohun (c. 1366 – 3 October 1399) was the elder daughter and co-heiress with her sister, Mary de Bohun, of their father Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford (1341–1373).
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Eleanor of Castile
Eleanor of Castile (1241 – 28 November 1290) was an English queen, the first wife of Edward I, whom she married as part of a political deal to affirm English sovereignty over Gascony.
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Eleanor of Provence
Eleanor of Provence (c. 1223 – 24/25 June 1291Charles Cawley, Medieval Lands, Provence) was Queen consort of England, as the spouse of King Henry III of England, from 1236 until his death in 1272.
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Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster
Elizabeth de Burgh, Duchess of Clarence, suo jure 4th Countess of Ulster and 5th Baroness of Connaught (6 July 1332 – 10 December 1363) was a Norman-Irish noblewoman who married Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence.
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England in the Middle Ages
England in the Middle Ages concerns the history of England during the medieval period, from the end of the 5th century through to the start of the Early Modern period in 1485.
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English Channel
The English Channel (la Manche, "The Sleeve"; Ärmelkanal, "Sleeve Channel"; Mor Breizh, "Sea of Brittany"; Mor Bretannek, "Sea of Brittany"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France and links the southern part of the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean.
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English claims to the French throne
From the 1340s to the 19th century, excluding two brief intervals in the 1360s and the 1420s, the kings and queens of England (and, later, of Great Britain) also claimed the throne of France.
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Enguerrand VII, Lord of Coucy
Enguerrand VII de Coucy, KG (1340, Picardy - 18 February 1397, in captivity at Bursa), also known as Ingelram de Coucy, was a 14th-century French nobleman, the last Lord of Coucy, and the son-in-law of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault.
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Favourite
A favourite or favorite (American English) was the intimate companion of a ruler or other important person.
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Felony
The term felony, in some common law countries, is defined as a serious crime.
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Ferdinand III of Castile
Ferdinand III (Spanish: Fernando III), 1199/1201 – 30 May 1252, called the Saint (el Santo), was King of Castile from 1217 and King of León from 1230 as well as King of Galicia from 1231.
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First War of Scottish Independence
The First War of Scottish Independence was the initial chapter of engagements in a series of warring periods between English and Scottish forces lasting from the invasion by England in 1296 until the de jure restoration of Scottish independence with the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1328.
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Florence
Florence (Firenze) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany.
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Florin
The Florentine florin was a coin struck from 1252 to 1533 with no significant change in its design or metal content standard during that time.
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Froissart's Chronicles
Froissart's Chronicles (or Chroniques) are a prose history of the Hundred Years' War written in the 14th century by Jean Froissart.
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Galley
A galley is a type of ship that is propelled mainly by rowing.
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Garter (stockings)
Garters are articles of clothing: narrow bands of fabric fastened about the leg, used to keep up stockings, and sometimes socks.
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Geoffrey Chaucer
Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343 – 25 October 1400), known as the Father of English literature, is widely considered the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages.
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Ghent
Ghent (Gent; Gand) is a city and a municipality in the Flemish Region of Belgium.
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Good Parliament
The Good Parliament is the name traditionally given to the English Parliament of 1376.
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Grand Constable of France
The Grand Constable of France (Grand Connétable de France, from Latin comes stabuli for 'count of the stables'), as the First Officer of the Crown, was one of the original five Great Officers of the Crown of France (along with seneschal, chamberlain, butler, and chancellor) and Commander in Chief of the army.
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Hampshire
Hampshire (abbreviated Hants) is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom.
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Hatfield, South Yorkshire
Hatfield is a town and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England.
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Henry de Stratford
Henry de Stratford was a Greater Clerk of the Royal Chancery under Edward III, and member of the Noble House of Stratford.
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Henry I of Navarre
Henry the Fat (Basque: Henrike I.a, Gizena, French: Henri le Gros, Spanish: Enrique el Gordo) (c. 1244 – 22 July 1274) was King of Navarre (as Henry I) and Count of Champagne and Brie (as Henry III) from 1270 until his death.
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Henry III of England
Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272), also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death.
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Henry IV of England
Henry IV (15 April 1367 – 20 March 1413), also known as Henry Bolingbroke, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1399 to 1413, and asserted the claim of his grandfather, Edward III, to the Kingdom of France.
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Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster
Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 4th Earl of Leicester and Lancaster, KG (c. 1310 – 23 March 1361), also Earl of Derby, was a member of the English nobility in the 14th century, and a prominent English diplomat, politician, and soldier.
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Henry V of England
Henry V (9 August 1386 – 31 August 1422) was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422.
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Henry VIII of England
Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 1509 until his death.
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Hertfordshire
Hertfordshire (often abbreviated Herts) is a county in southern England, bordered by Bedfordshire to the north, Cambridgeshire to the north-east, Essex to the east, Buckinghamshire to the west and Greater London to the south.
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History of Christianity in Britain
The history of Christianity in Britain covers the religious organisations, policies, theology, and popular religiosity since ancient times.
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History of the Royal Navy
The official history of the Royal Navy began with the formal establishment of the Royal Navy as the national naval force of the Kingdom of England in 1660, following the Restoration of King Charles II to the throne.
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Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire (Sacrum Romanum Imperium; Heiliges Römisches Reich) was a multi-ethnic but mostly German complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806.
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Homage (feudal)
Homage in the Middle Ages was the ceremony in which a feudal tenant or vassal pledged reverence and submission to his feudal lord, receiving in exchange the symbolic title to his new position (investiture).
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Honi soit qui mal y pense
Honi soit qui mal y pense (UK: or US) is a French maxim used as the motto of the British chivalric Order of the Garter.
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House of Commons of England
The House of Commons of England was the lower house of the Parliament of England (which incorporated Wales) from its development in the 14th century to the union of England and Scotland in 1707, when it was replaced by the House of Commons of Great Britain.
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House of Lords
The House of Lords of the United Kingdom, also known as the House of Peers, is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
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House of Plantagenet
The House of Plantagenet was a royal house which originated from the lands of Anjou in France.
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Hugh Despenser the Younger
Hugh le Despenser, 1st Lord Despenser (c. 1286 – 24 November 1326), also referred to as "the younger Despenser", was the son and heir of Hugh le Despenser, Earl of Winchester (the elder Despenser) by his wife Isabella de Beauchamp, daughter of William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick.
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Hundred Years' War
The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Plantagenet, rulers of the Kingdom of England, against the House of Valois, over the right to rule the Kingdom of France.
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Ian Mortimer (historian)
Ian James Forrester Mortimer, (born 22 September 1967) is a British historian and writer of historical fiction.
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Impeachment
Impeachment is the process by which a legislative body formally levels charges against a high official of government.
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Institute of Historical Research
The Institute of Historical Research (IHR) is a British educational organisation providing resources and training for historical researchers.
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Internet History Sourcebooks Project
The Internet History Sourcebooks Project is located at the Fordham University History Department and Center for Medieval Studies.
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Invasion of England (1326)
The invasion of England in 1326 by the country's queen, Isabella of France, and her lover, Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, led to the capture of Hugh Despenser the Younger and the abdication of Isabella's husband, Edward II.
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Isabella of Angoulême
Isabella of Angoulême (Isabelle d'Angoulême,; c. 1186/1188 – 4 June 1246) was queen consort of England as the second wife of King John from 1200 until John's death in 1216.
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Isabella of Aragon, Queen of France
Isabella of Aragon (1248 – 28 January 1271) was Queen consort of France from 1270 to 1271 by marriage to Philip III of France.
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Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York
Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York (1355 – 23 December 1392) was the daughter of King Peter and his mistress María de Padilla (d. 1361).
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Isabella of France
Isabella of France (1295 – 22 August 1358), sometimes described as the She-Wolf of France, was Queen of England as the wife of Edward II, and regent of England from 1326 until 1330.
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Isabella, Countess of Bedford
Isabella of England (16 June 1332 – c.April 1379), was the eldest daughter of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault and the wife of Enguerrand de Coucy, Earl of Bedford, by whom she had two daughters.
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James I of Aragon
James I the Conqueror (Jaume el Conqueridor, Chaime lo Conqueridor, Jacme lo Conquistaire, Jaime el Conquistador; 2 February 1208 – 27 July 1276) was King of Aragon, Count of Barcelona, and Lord of Montpellier from 1213 to 1276; King of Majorca from 1231 to 1276; and Valencia from 1238 to 1276.
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James I, Count of La Marche
James I of Bourbon (1319 – 6 April 1362; also translated as Jacob (I) of Bourbon) was the son of Louis I, Duke of Bourbon and Mary of Avesnes.
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Jean Froissart
Jean Froissart (Old French, Middle French Jehan, –) was a French-speaking medieval author and court historian from the Low Countries, who wrote several works, including Chronicles and Meliador, a long Arthurian romance, and a large body of poetry, both short lyrical forms, as well as longer narrative poems.
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Joan Holland
Lady Joan Holland (ca. 1380–12 April 1434) was the third daughter of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent, and Lady Alice FitzAlan.
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Joan I of Navarre
Joan I of Navarre (14 January 1273 – 31 March/2 April 1305) (Basque: Joana I.a Nafarroakoa) was queen regnant of Navarre and ruling countess of Champagne from 1274 until 1305; she was also queen consort of France by marriage to Philip IV of France.
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Joan of England (1335–1348)
Joan of England (December 19, 1333 or January 28, 1334 – July 1, 1348)Mortimer, I. The Perfect King: The Life of Edward III Father of the English Nation.
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Joan of Kent
Joan of Kent (29 September 1328 – 7 August 1385), known to history as The Fair Maid of Kent, was the mother of King Richard II of England, whom she bore to her third husband Edward, the Black Prince, son and heir of King Edward III.
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Joan of Valois, Countess of Hainaut
Joan of Valois (c. 1294 – 7 March 1342) was the second eldest daughter of the French prince Charles of Valois and his first wife, Margaret, Countess of Anjou.
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Joan, Countess of Ponthieu
Joan of Dammartin (Jeanne de Dammartin; c. 1220 – 16 March 1279) was Queen consort of Castile and León by marriage to Ferdinand III of Castile.
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John de Stratford
John de Stratford (c.1275 - 1348) was Archbishop of Canterbury, Bishop of Winchester, Treasurer and Chancellor of England.
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John Gower
John Gower (c. 1330 – October 1408) was an English poet, a contemporary of William Langland and the Pearl Poet, and a personal friend of Geoffrey Chaucer.
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John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke
John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, KG (1347 – 1375), was a fourteenth-century English nobleman and soldier.
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John II of France
John II (Jean II; 26 April 1319 – 8 April 1364), called John the Good (French: Jean le Bon), was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1350 until his death.
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John IV, Duke of Brittany
John IV the Conqueror KG (in Breton Yann IV, in French Jean IV, and traditionally in English sources both John of Montfort and John V) (1339 – 1 November 1399) was Duke of Brittany and Count of Montfort from 1345 until his death and 7th Earl of Richmond from 1372 until his death.
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John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby
John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby, (c.1337 – 17 October 1388) was an English peer and soldier.
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John of Gaunt
John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, KG (6 March 1340 – 3 February 1399) was an English nobleman, soldier, statesman, and prince, the third of five surviving sons of King Edward III of England.
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John, King of England
John (24 December 1166 – 19 October 1216), also known as John Lackland (Norman French: Johan sanz Terre), was King of England from 1199 until his death in 1216.
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Justice of the peace
A justice of the peace (JP) is a judicial officer, of a lower or puisne court, elected or appointed by means of a commission (letters patent) to keep the peace.
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K. B. McFarlane
Kenneth Bruce McFarlane, FBA (18 October 1903 – 16 July 1966) was one of the 20th century's most influential historians of late medieval England.
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Katherine Swynford
Katherine Swynford, Duchess of Lancaster (25 November 1350 – 10 May 1403) (also spelled Katharine or Catherine), was the third wife of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III.
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King Arthur
King Arthur is a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries.
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Kingdom of England
The Kingdom of England (French: Royaume d'Angleterre; Danish: Kongeriget England; German: Königreich England) was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from the 10th century—when it emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms—until 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain.
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Kingdom of Scotland
The Kingdom of Scotland (Rìoghachd na h-Alba; Kinrick o Scotland) was a sovereign state in northwest Europe traditionally said to have been founded in 843.
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Kings Langley
Kings Langley is a historic village and civil parish in Hertfordshire, England, northwest of central London to the south of the Chiltern Hills and now part of the London commuter belt.
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Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence
Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, KG (29 November 133817 October 1368) was the third son, but the second son to survive infancy, of the English king Edward III and Philippa of Hainault.
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List of English monarchs
This list of kings and queens of the Kingdom of England begins with Alfred the Great, King of Wessex, one of the petty kingdoms to rule a portion of modern England.
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List of Speakers of the House of Commons of England
This is a list of the Speakers of the House of Commons of England, up to 1707.
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London
London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.
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Lord Chamberlain
The Lord Chamberlain or Lord Chamberlain of the Household is the most senior officer of the Royal Household of the United Kingdom, supervising the departments which support and provide advice to the Sovereign of the United Kingdom while also acting as the main channel of communication between the Sovereign and the House of Lords.
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Lord Chancellor
The Lord Chancellor, formally the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, is the highest ranking among those Great Officers of State which are appointed regularly in the United Kingdom, nominally outranking even the Prime Minister.
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Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales
The Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales is the head of the judiciary and President of the Courts of England and Wales.
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Lord High Treasurer
The post of Lord High Treasurer or Lord Treasurer was an English government position and has been a British government position since the Acts of Union of 1707.
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Lord Privy Seal
The Lord Privy Seal (or, more formally, the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal) is the fifth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord President of the Council and above the Lord Great Chamberlain.
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Lord Steward
The Lord Steward or Lord Steward of the Household, in England, is an important official of the Royal Household.
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Lordship of Ireland
The Lordship of Ireland (Tiarnas na hÉireann), sometimes referred to retroactively as Norman Ireland, was a period of feudal rule in Ireland between 1177 and 1542 under the King of England, styled as Lord of Ireland.
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Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Louis IV (Ludwig; 1 April 1282 – 11 October 1347), called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was King of the Romans from 1314, King of Italy from 1327, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.
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Louis IX of France
Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis, was King of France and is a canonized Catholic and Anglican saint.
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Louis X of France
Louis X (4 October 1289 – 5 June 1316), called the Quarreler, the Headstrong, or the Stubborn (le Hutin), was a monarch of the House of Capet who ruled as King of Navarre (as Louis I Luis I.a Nafarroakoa) and Count of Champagne from 1305 and as King of France from 1314 until his death.
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Loyola Law School
Loyola Law School is the law school of Loyola Marymount University, a private Catholic university in the Jesuit and Marymount traditions, in Los Angeles, California.
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Magnate
Magnate, from the Late Latin magnas, a great man, itself from Latin magnus, 'great', designates a noble or other man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities.
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Maltolt
Maltolt or "bad tax" (in Norman-French) was the name given to the new taxes on wool in England of 1294-7.
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María de Padilla
María de Padilla (1334 –Seville, July 1361) was the mistress of King Peter of Castile.
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Margaret of Bourbon, Queen of Navarre
Margaret of Bourbon (Marguerite; 1217 – 12 April 1256) was Queen of Navarre and Countess of Champagne from 1232 until 1253 as the third wife of Theobald I of Navarre.
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Margaret of Provence
Margaret of Provence (Marguerite; 1221 – 20 December 1295) was Queen of France by marriage to King Louis IX.
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Margaret, Countess of Pembroke
Margaret of England (20 July 1346 – October/December 1361) was a royal princess born in Windsor, the daughter of King Edward III of England and his consort, Philippa of Hainault.
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Marie, Countess of Ponthieu
Marie of Ponthieu (17 April 1199 – 21 September 1250) was suo jure Countess of Ponthieu and Countess of Montreuil, ruling from 1221 to 1250.
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Mary of Waltham
Mary of Waltham (10 October 1344 – September 1361)Some sources state 1362 as year of death Duchess Consort of Brittany, was the daughter of Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault.
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Matilda of Brabant, Countess of Artois
Matilda of Brabant (14 June 1224 – 29 September 1288) was the eldest daughter of Henry II, Duke of Brabant and his first wife Marie of Hohenstaufen.
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May McKisack
May McKisack (1900–1981) was a British medieval historian.
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Nicholas A. M. Rodger
Nicholas Andrew Martin Rodger FBA (born 12 November 1949) is a historian of the Royal Navy and senior research fellow of All Souls College, Oxford.
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Norman Cantor
Norman Frank Cantor (November 19, 1929 – September 18, 2004) was a Canadian-American historian who specialized in the medieval period.
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Norman conquest of England
The Norman conquest of England (in Britain, often called the Norman Conquest or the Conquest) was the 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by an army of Norman, Breton, Flemish and French soldiers led by Duke William II of Normandy, later styled William the Conqueror.
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Normandy
Normandy (Normandie,, Norman: Normaundie, from Old French Normanz, plural of Normant, originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is one of the 18 regions of France, roughly referring to the historical Duchy of Normandy.
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Normans in Ireland
The Normans in Ireland, or Hiberno-Normans, were a group of Normans who invaded the various realms of Gaelic Ireland.
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Nottingham Castle
Nottingham Castle is a castle in Nottingham, England.
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Order of the Garter
The Order of the Garter (formally the Most Noble Order of the Garter) is an order of chivalry founded by Edward III in 1348 and regarded as the most prestigious British order of chivalry (though in precedence inferior to the military Victoria Cross and George Cross) in England and the United Kingdom.
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Ordinance of Labourers 1349
The Ordinance of Labourers 1349 is often considered to be the start of English labour law.
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Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire (abbreviated Oxon, from Oxonium, the Latin name for Oxford) is a county in South East England.
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Parliament of 1327
The Parliament of 1327, which sat at Westminster between 7 January 1327 and 9 March 1327, was instrumental in the transfer of power from King Edward II to his son, Edward III, previously Earl of Chester.
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Parliament of England
The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England, existing from the early 13th century until 1707, when it became the Parliament of Great Britain after the political union of England and Scotland created the Kingdom of Great Britain.
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Patronage
Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows to another.
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Peasants' Revolt
The Peasants' Revolt, also called Wat Tyler's Rebellion or the Great Rising, was a major uprising across large parts of England in 1381.
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Peter of Castile
Peter (Pedro; 30 August 133423 March 1369), called the Cruel (el Cruel) or the Just (el Justo), was the king of Castile and León from 1350 to 1369.
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Petition
A petition is a request to do something, most commonly addressed to a government official or public entity.
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Philip III of France
Philip III (30 April 1245 – 5 October 1285), called the Bold (le Hardi), was King of France from 1270 to 1285, a member of the House of Capet.
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Philip IV of France
Philip IV (April–June 1268 – 29 November 1314), called the Fair (Philippe le Bel) or the Iron King (le Roi de fer), was King of France from 1285 until his death.
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Philip the Bold
Philip the Bold (17 January 1342 – 27 April 1404, Halle) was Duke of Burgundy (as Philip II) and jure uxoris Count of Flanders (as Philip II), Artois and Burgundy (as Philip IV).
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Philip V of France
Philip V (c. 1293 – 3 January 1322), the Tall (Philippe le Long), was King of France and King of Navarre (as Philip II).
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Philip VI of France
Philip VI (Philippe VI) (1293 – 22 August 1350), called the Fortunate (le Fortuné) and of Valois, was the first King of France from the House of Valois.
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Philippa of Hainault
Philippa of Hainault (Middle French: Philippe de Hainaut; 24 June c.1310/15 – 15 August 1369) was Queen of England as the wife of King Edward III.
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Pleading in English Act 1362
The Pleading in English Act 1362 (36 Edw. III c. 15), often rendered Statute of Pleading, was an Act of the Parliament of England.
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Polydore Vergil
Polidoro Virgili, commonly Latinised as Polydorus Vergilius, or anglicised as Polydore Vergil (or Virgil), and often known as Polydore Vergil of Urbino (c. 1470 – 18 April 1555) was an Italian humanist scholar, historian, priest and diplomat, who spent most of his life in England.
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Ponthieu
Ponthieu was one of six feudal counties that eventually merged to become part of the Province of Picardy, in northern France.
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Praemunire
In English history, praemunire or praemunire facias was a 14th-century law that prohibited the assertion or maintenance of papal jurisdiction, imperial or foreign, or some other alien jurisdiction or claim of supremacy in England, against the supremacy of the monarch.
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Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence
Ramon Berenguer IV or V (1198 – 19 August 1245), Count of Provence and Forcalquier, was the son of Alfonso II of Provence and Garsenda de Sabran, heiress of Forcalquier.
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Richard I of England
Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death.
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Richard II of England
Richard II (6 January 1367 – c. 14 February 1400), also known as Richard of Bordeaux, was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399.
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Richmond Palace
Richmond Palace was a royal residence on the River Thames in England that stood in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
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Richmond, London
Richmond is a suburban town in south-west London, The London Government Act 1963 (c.33) (as amended) categorises the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames as an Outer London borough.
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Robert de Crull
Sir Robert de Crull (or Sir Robert Crull) (1329–1378) was Clerk of the King's Ships (former title 'Keeper and Governor of the King's Ships and Warden of the Sea and Maritime Parts') under Edward III of England, the first English monarch to declare England to be "the Sovereign of the Seas", and during the first year of Richard II's reign.
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Robert de Stratford
Robert de Stratford (c. 1292 – 9 April 1362) was an English bishop and was one of Edward III's principal ministers.
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Robert I, Count of Artois
Robert I (25 September 1216 – 8 February 1250), called the Good, was the first Count of Artois, the fifth (and second surviving) son of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile.
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Robert of Namur (1323–91)
Robert of Namur, KG (1323 – April 1391) was a noble from the Low Countries close to King Edward III of England.
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Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March
Roger Mortimer, 3rd Baron Mortimer, 1st Earl of March (25 April 1287 – 29 November 1330), was an English nobleman and powerful Marcher lord who gained many estates in the Welsh Marches and Ireland following his advantageous marriage to the wealthy heiress Joan de Geneville, 2nd Baroness Geneville.
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Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March
Sir Roger de Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, 4th Baron Mortimer, KG (11 November 1328 – 26 February 1360) was an English nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years' War.
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Round Table
The Round Table is King Arthur's famed table in the Arthurian legend, around which he and his knights congregate.
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Siege of Calais (1346–1347)
The Siege of Calais (4 September 1346 – 3 August 1347) occurred when an English army under the command of King Edward III of England successfully besieged the French garrison of Calais.
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Simon, Count of Ponthieu
Simon of Dammartin (1180 – 21 September 1239) was a son of Alberic II of Dammartin (Aubry de Dammartin) and his wife Mathildis of Clermont.
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Somme (river)
The Somme is a river in Picardy, northern France.
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Statute of Labourers 1351
The Statute of Labourers was a law created by the English parliament under King Edward III in 1351 in response to a labour shortage, designed to suppress the labour force by prohibiting increases in wages and prohibiting the movement of workers from their home areas in search of improved conditions.
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Statute of Provisors
The English statute usually called Statute of Provisors is the 25th of Edward III, St.
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Statute of the Staple
The Ordinance of the Staple was an Ordinance issue in the Great Council in October 1353.
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Statutes of Kilkenny
The Statutes of Kilkenny were a series of thirty-five acts passed at Kilkenny in 1366, aiming to curb the decline of the Hiberno-Norman Lordship of Ireland.
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Style of the British sovereign
The precise style of British sovereigns has varied over the years.
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Supply and demand
In microeconomics, supply and demand is an economic model of price determination in a market.
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Tax
A tax (from the Latin taxo) is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed upon a taxpayer (an individual or other legal entity) by a governmental organization in order to fund various public expenditures.
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Teleology
Teleology or finality is a reason or explanation for something in function of its end, purpose, or goal.
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The Canterbury Tales
The Canterbury Tales (Tales of Caunterbury) is a collection of 24 stories that runs to over 17,000 lines written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer between 1387 and 1400.
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The English Historical Review
The English Historical Review is a peer-reviewed academic journal that was established in 1886 and published by Oxford University Press (formerly Longman).
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The Story of Civilization
The Story of Civilization, by husband and wife Will and Ariel Durant, is an eleven-volume set of books covering Western history for the general reader.
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Theobald I of Navarre
Theobald I (Thibaut, Teobaldo; 30 May 1201 – 8 July 1253), also called the Troubadour and the Posthumous, was Count of Champagne (as Theobald IV) from birth and King of Navarre from 1234.
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Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester
Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, 1st Earl of Buckingham, 1st Earl of Essex, KG (7 January 1355 – 8 or 9 September 1397) was the fourteenth and youngest child of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault.
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Tower of London
The Tower of London, officially Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle located on the north bank of the River Thames in central London.
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Treason Act 1351
The Treason Act 1351 is an Act of the Parliament of England which codified and curtailed the common law offence of treason.
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Treaty of Brétigny
The Treaty of Brétigny was a treaty, drafted on 8 May 1360 and ratified on 24 October 1360, between King Edward III of England and King John II of France (the Good).
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Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton
The Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton was a peace treaty, signed in 1328 between the Kingdoms of England and Scotland.
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Violant of Hungary
Violant of Hungary (c. 1215 – c. 1251) was a Queen consort of Aragon and the second wife of King James I of Aragon.
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Violante Visconti
Violante (Jolantha) Visconti (1354 – November 1386) was the second of three children of Galeazzo II Visconti, Lord of Milan and Pavia, and Bianca of Savoy.
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War of the Breton Succession
The War of the Breton Succession was a conflict between the Counts of Blois and the Montforts of Brittany for control of the Duchy of Brittany.
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Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses were a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the House of Lancaster, associated with a red rose, and the House of York, whose symbol was a white rose.
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Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London, England, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster.
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Whig history
Whig history (or Whig historiography) is an approach to historiography that presents the past as an inevitable progression towards ever greater liberty and enlightenment, culminating in modern forms of liberal democracy and constitutional monarchy.
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William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton
William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, KG (c. 1312 – 16 September 1360) was an English nobleman and military commander.
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William de Clinton, 1st Earl of Huntingdon
William de Clinton, 1st Earl of Huntingdon (c.1304 – 31 October 1354) and Lord High Admiral, was the younger son of John de Clinton, 1st Baron Clinton (d.1312/13) of Maxstoke Castle, Warwickshire, and Ida De Odingsells who was the granddaughter of Ida II Longespee.
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William de Shareshull
Sir William de Shareshull KB (1289/1290–1370) was an English lawyer, and Chief Justice of the King's Bench from 26 October 1350 to 5 July 1361.
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William Edington
William Edington (died 6 or 7 October 1366) was an English bishop and administrator.
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William Langland
William Langland (Willielmus de Langland; 1332 – c. 1386) is the presumed author of a work of Middle English alliterative verse generally known as Piers Plowman, an allegory with a complex variety of religious themes.
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William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer
William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer, KG (24 March 1330 – 28 May 1381) was an English noble, soldier and diplomat.
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William Montagu, 1st Earl of Salisbury
William Montagu, alias de Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury, 3rd Baron Montagu, King of Mann (1301 – 30 January 1344) was an English nobleman and loyal servant of King Edward III.
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William of Wykeham
William of Wykeham (1320 or 1324 – 27 September 1404) was Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor of England.
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William Stubbs
William Stubbs (21 June 1825 – 22 April 1901) was an English historian and Anglican bishop.
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Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle is a royal residence at Windsor in the English county of Berkshire.
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Woodstock Palace
Woodstock Palace was a royal residence in the English town of Woodstock, Oxfordshire.
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York Minster
The Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Saint Peter in York, commonly known as York Minster, is the cathedral of York, England, and is one of the largest of its kind in Northern Europe.
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Redirects here:
Eduard III, Edw. 3, Edward 3, Edward III, Edward III (England), Edward III Plantagenet, Edward III Plantagenet of Windsor, Edward III of Windsor, Edward III, King of England, Edward III, King of the English, Edward iii, Edward iii of england, Edward of Windsor, Edward the Third, King Edward III, King Edward III of England, King Edward III of Windsor, King of England III.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_England
